Science SOL 4.
8 Study Guide Test: Feb 14
4.8a Rotation or Revolution?
Rotation/rotate- is the Earth spinning on its
axis
o One rotation takes 24 hours/1 day
Revolution/revolve- is one body in space
orbiting another.
o The Earth revolves around the sun in 365
days which is 1 year
o The moon revolves around the Earth in
about 28 days
4.8b Seasons
The seasons on Earth are caused by the tilt
of the Earth on its axis when it is revolving
around the Sun. This is also known as Axial
Tilt.
4.8c Phases of the Moon
We see different phases of the moon
because it revolves around the Earth.
Waxing - The part of the moon we see is
growing bigger
Waning - The part of the moon we see is
shrinking
4.8d Sun, Earth, Moon
Sun:
o Average-sized, yellow star
o Larger than any of the planets in our solar system
o 110 times the diameter of Earth
o approximately 4.6 billion years old
Moon:
o Small, rocky satellite
o 1/4 the diameter of Earth
o Extreme temperatures
o Virtually no atmosphere
o Very little water
Earth:
o Terrestrial planet
o About 150 million km from sun
o Surface constantly changes
o Large amounts of water
o Oxygen-rich atmosphere
o Protective atmosphere that blocks out most of the
suns damaging rays
4.8e Historical Contributions
Earth-Centered Model of the Solar
System
Sun and planets traveled around Earth
1. Aristotle (384-322 BC)
Greek philosopher and scientist
Believed in an earth-centered universe
2. Ptolemy
Astronomer and mathematician
Believed in an earth-centered universe
Sun-Centered Model of the Solar
System
Earth and planets traveled around Sun
1. Copernicus
Believed in a sun-centered universe
Earth orbits the sun in a circular motion
2. Galileo
Built a telescope and discovered mountains
and craters on the moon
Believed in a sun-centered universe
Discovered Jupiters moon (4 largest)
NASA space program that sent
astronauts into space.