Idea of Pakistan

Pakistan came into being on the basis of strong ideology . The ideology of
Pakistan is Islam that guides and helps the Muslims in all fields of life. It was
only Islam, which galvanized Muslims and lined them up behind Muslim
League. Other factors, political and economics ones, also played important
part in uniting Muslims to struggle for Pakistan. Muslims like other people of
subcontinent were living like salves under the British rule. But after getting
freedom from the British rule there was no hope of achieving their
objectives. The rule of Hindu majority was evident. After the great efforts of
the Muslims they decided to establish a separate Muslim state of those areas
where they were in great majority. Muslims wanted their own separate state
to develop an Islamic state of government. As a result Muslims started a
gigantic movement for the establishment of Pakistan.

In the mid eleventh century Muslim invaders landed in India's northwest,

with the Mongols following in the thirteenth. By then Indo-Islamic states had
been built up in north and northwest India. A few trespassers were
occasional, situated in present-day Afghanistan, and were affected by Persian
political and military models. These Central Asians came to plunder and
convert yet in the long run remained on to run the show. By 1920 all the
India was under free control of Muslim rulers. More than two centuries of
destructive war among different Indo-Islamic, Hindu, and Sikh states took
after, after which the Mughals established an empire in the mid sixteenth
century that extended from the Northwest Frontier to Bengal and down to
the Deccan (present day Andhra Pradesh). The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb
to extend his control to South India, with his brutal treatment led to the
downfall of empire. The empire lasted till 1858 then it was at last wiped out
by the British. The Hindu Muslims remain intact after the British departed
India in 1947.

The idea of Pakistan imply that Pakistan would be a modern extension of

great Islamic empires of South Asia, whose physical residue dominates the
sub continental landscape. Islam arrived in North India in the 12 century
through turkey invasions and since has become a part of Indias religious and
cultural heritage. Over the centuries there has been a significant integration
of Hindu and Muslim culture across India. Muslims have played a prominent
role in Indias economic rise and cultural influence. Due to this many Indian
Muslim families traced their lineage back to subcontinent.
Allama Muhammad Iqbal played an important role for the creation of
Pakistan. He awakened the feeling of Muslim Nationhood among the Muslims
of India through his poetry and told them about the propaganda of West
about Muslims. His thinking and poetry reflect the Two Nation Theory and his
poetry awakened the feeling of Islamic nationality among the Muslims of
India. Iqbal was strictly against the nationalism. He considered all the
Muslims to be a part of one Ummah. For him, a Muslim in any part of world
was a part of brotherly relation. Though Iqbal may have considered Pakistan
part of a larger Islamic rebirth, the spirit behind it also resembled the nation-
state movement of the nineteenth century, as reflected in Zionism or the
Armenian national.

Jinnah served as leader of All Indian Muslim league from 1913 until Pakistan
independence on August 14, 1947. Jinnah rose to prominence in Indian
National Congress initially expounding the ideas of Hindu Muslim unity and
helping shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Muslim league and Indian
national Congress. He proposed a fourteen point constitutional reform plan to
safeguard the political rights of Muslims in self governing India. Jinnah broke
with the Congress in 1920,when the Congress leader , Mohandas Gandhi
launched a law violating Non-Cooperation Movement against the British,
which Jinnah disapproved of. Jinnah criticized the Gandhis support to Khilafat
Movement .By 1920, Jinnah resigned from the Congress, with a prophetic
warning that Gandhis method of mass struggle would lead to divisions
between Hindus and Muslims and within two communities. Jinnah always
focused on concept of separate nation, Islamic concept of democracy,
Safeguard of minorities, National integration, Urdu language, Sovereignty of
God.

Pakistan was also to be part of the Islamic world, it would share in one way or
another the Ummahs destiny. It was Jinnah who wove these attributes
together, arguing that without a separate Muslim home-land, South Asia
would be mired in conflict and vulnerable to outside pressure.