Antonov An-225 Mriya

The Antonov An-225 Mriya (Ukrainian:

225 , Russian: 225 ,
Dream, NATO reporting name: "Cossack") is a strategic
airlift cargo aircraft that was designed by the Soviet
Union's Antonov Design Bureau in the 1980s. The An-
225s name, Mriya (i) means Dream (Inspiration)
in Ukrainian. It is powered by six turbofan engines
and is the longest and heaviest airplane ever built with a
maximum takeo weight of 640 tonnes. It also has the
largest wingspan of any aircraft in operational service.
The single example built has the Ukrainian civil registra-
tion UR-82060. A second airframe was partially built;
its completion was halted because of lack of funding and
An-225 at Farnborough in 1990
interest.
The Antonov An-225, initially developed for the task of
transporting the Buran spaceplane, was an enlargement for the Soviet space program. The second An-225 in-
of the successful Antonov An-124. The rst and only cluded a rear cargo door and a redesigned tail with a sin-
An-225 was completed in 1988. After successfully ful- gle vertical stabilizer. It was planned to be more eective
lling its Soviet military missions, it was mothballed for for cargo transportation.[11] Following the collapse of the
eight years. It was then refurbished and re-introduced, Soviet Union in 1991 and the cancellation of the Buran
and is in commercial operation with Antonov Airlines space program, the lone operational An-225 was placed
carrying oversized payloads.[1] The airlifter holds the ab- in storage in 1994.[12] The six Ivchenko Progress engines
solute world records for an airlifted single item pay- were removed for use on An-124s, and the second un-
load of 189,980 kilograms (418,834 pounds),[2][3] and completed An-225 airframe was also stored. The rst
an airlifted total payload of 253,820 kilograms (559,577 An-225 was later re-engined and put into service.[5][13]
pounds).[4][5] It has also transported a payload of 247,000 By 2000, the need for additional An-225 capacity had
kilograms (545,000 pounds) on a commercial ight.[6] become apparent, so the decision was made in Septem-
ber 2006 to complete the second An-225. The second
airframe was scheduled for completion around 2008,[14]
then delayed. By August 2009, the aircraft had not been
1 Development completed and work had been abandoned.[1][15] In May
2011, the Antonov CEO is reported to have said that the
The Antonov An-225 was designed to airlift the Energia completion of a second An-225 Mriya transport aircraft
rocket's boosters and the Buran space shuttle for the with a carrying capacity of 250 tons requires at least $300
Soviet space program. It was developed as a replace- million, but if the nancing is provided, its completion
ment for the Myasishchev VM-T. The An-225s original could be achieved in three years.[16] According to dier-
mission and objectives are almost identical to that of the ent sources, the second jet is 6070% complete.[17]
United States Shuttle Carrier Aircraft.[7][8]
The An-225 rst ew on 21 December 1988 with a 74-
minute ight from Kiev. The aircraft was on static display 2 Design
at the Paris Air Show in 1989 and it ew during the public
days at the Farnborough air show in 1990. Two aircraft Based on Antonovs earlier An-124, the An-225 has fuse-
were ordered, but only one An-225 (registration CCCP- lage barrel extensions added fore and aft of the wings.
82060 later UR-82060[9] ) was nished. It can carry ultra-The wings also received root extensions to increase span.
heavy and oversize freight, up to 250,000 kg (550,000 Two more Ivchenko Progress D-18T turbofan engines
lb) internally,[7] or 200,000 kg (440,000 lb) on the upperwere added to the new wing roots, bringing the total to
fuselage. Cargo on the upper fuselage can be 70 metres six. An increased-capacity landing gear system with 32
(230 ft) long.[10] wheels was designed, some of which are steerable, en-
A second An-225 was partially built during the late 1980s abling the aircraft to turn within a 60 m (200 ft) wide

1
2 3 OPERATIONAL HISTORY

to surpass the An-225s maximum landing weight with

591.7 tonnes (1,304,000 lb) for the A380.[21] The Boeing
747 Dreamlifter has a bigger cargo hold at 1,840m3
(65,000 cubic feet).[22] The Hughes H-4 Hercules, known
as the Spruce Goose, had a greater wingspan and a
greater overall height, but was 20% shorter, and due to
the materials used in its construction, also lighter. In
addition, the Spruce Goose ew only once, making the
An-225 the largest aircraft in the world to y multiple
times.[5][23]
The pressurized cargo hold is 1,300 m3 (46,000 cu ft) in
volume; 6.4 m (21 ft) wide, 4.4 m (14 ft) high, and 43.35
m (142.2 ft) long[5][24][25] longer than the rst ight of
the Wright Flyer.[26][27][28]

3 Operational history

An-225 main landing gear

runway. Like its An-124 predecessor, the An-225 has

nosegear designed to kneel so cargo can be more easily
loaded and unloaded.[5] The An-124s rear cargo door and
ramp were removed to save weight and the empennage
was changed from a single vertical stabilizer to a twin tail
with an oversized horizontal stabilizer. The twin tail was
essential to enable the plane to carry large, heavy external
loads that would disturb the airow around a conventional
tail. Unlike the An-124, the An-225 was not intended for
tactical airlifting and is not designed for short-eld oper-
ation.[7]
Antonov An-225 at Manchester Airport in 2006

During the last years of the Soviet space program, the An-
225 was employed as the prime method of transporting
the Buran Shuttle.[23]

3.1 Antonov commercialization

In the late 1970s, the Soviet government was looking

to generate revenue from its military assets. In 1989,
the Antonov Design Bureau set up a holding company
as a heavy airlift shipping corporation under the name
"Antonov Airlines", based in Kiev, Ukraine and operat-
An-225 Ivchenko Progress D-18T turbofan engines ing from London Luton Airport in partnership with the
Air Foyle HeavyLift.[10][29]
Initially the An-225 had a maximum gross weight of 600 The company began operations with a eet of four An-
t (1,300,000 lb) but from 2000 to 2001 the aircraft under- 124-100s and three Antonov An-12s, but a need for air-
went modications, with a reinforced oor and increased craft larger than the An-124 became apparent in the late
the maximum gross weight to 640 t (1,410,000 lb) at a 1990s. In response, the original An-225 was re-engined,
cost of US$20M.[18][19][20] modied for heavy cargo transport, and placed back in
Both the earlier and later takeo weights establish the An- service under the management of Antonov Airlines.
225 as the worlds heaviest aircraft, being heavier than On 23 May 2001, the An-225 received its type certicate
the double-deck Airbus A380 even though Airbus plans from the Interstate Aviation Committee Aviation Register
3.3 Aerial launch project revival 3

The Antonov-225 at Gostomel Airport (Antonov airport), Antonov Airlines An-225 landing at Gostomel Airport, 2014
Ukraine

wind turbine blades from Tianjin, China to Skrydstrup,

(IAC AR).[30] On 11 September 2001, carrying four main Denmark.[39][40][41]
battle tanks[5] at a record load of 253.82 tonnes (279.79
short tons) of cargo,[4] the An-225 ew at an altitude of up
to 10,750 m (35,270 ft)[31] over a closed circuit of 1,000 3.3 Aerial launch project revival
km (620 mi) at a speed of 763.2 km/h (474.2 mph).[32][33]
In April 2013, the Russian government announced plans
to revive Soviet-era air launch projects that would use
3.2 Regular commercial ights a purpose-built modication to the An-225 as a midair
launchpad.[42]
The types rst ight in commercial service departed
from Stuttgart, Germany on 3 January 2002, and ew to
Thumrait, Oman with 216,000 prepared meals for Amer-
ican military personnel based in the region. This vast
4 Operators
number of ready meals was transported on some 375 pal-
lets and weighed 187.5 tons.[34] Soviet Union
The An-225 has since become the workhorse of the
Antonov Airlines eet, transporting objects once thought
impossible to move by air, such as locomotives and 150- Antonov Airlines for Soviet Buran program; the
tonne generators. It has become an asset to international company (and aircraft) passed to Ukraine after the
relief organizations for its ability to quickly transport huge collapse of the Soviet Union.
quantities of emergency supplies during disaster relief
operations.[35] Ukraine
The An-225 has been contracted by the Canadian and
U.S. governments to transport military supplies to the
Middle East in support of coalition forces.[35] In Novem- Antonov Airlines
ber 2004, FAI placed the An-225 in the Guinness Book
of Records for its 240 records. An example of the cost of
shipping cargo by An-225 was over 2 million DKK (ap- 5 Specications (An-225)
prox. 266,000) for ying a chimney duct from Billund,
Denmark to Kazakhstan in 2008.[36] Data from Vectorsite,[7] Antonovs Heavy Transports,[43]
[5][13][24][25]
On 11 August 2009, the heaviest single cargo item ever and others
sent via air freight was loaded onto the Antonov 225. General characteristics
At 16.23 metres (53.2 ft) long and 4.27 metres (14.0 ft)
wide, its consignment, a generator for a gas power plant
Crew: 6
in Armenia along with its loading frame, weighed in at a
[2][3]
record 189 tonnes (417,000 lb). Also during 2009, Length: 84 m (275 ft 7 in)
the An-225 was painted in a new blue and yellow paint
scheme,[37] after Antonov ceased cooperation with Air- Wingspan: 88.4 m (290 ft 0 in)
Foyle and partnered with Volga-Dnepr in 2006.[38]
Height: 18.1 m (59 ft 5 in)
On 11 June 2010, the An-225 carried the worlds longest
piece of air cargo, when it ew two new 42-meter test Wing area: 905 m2 (9,740 sq ft)
4 8 REFERENCES

6 Notable appearances in media

Spruce Goose
A380-800
SCALE

B747-8I
0 2 4 6 8 10 m

An-225
Main article: Aircraft in ction Antonov An-225

24.1 m
18.1 m
19.6 m

24.1 m
Hughes H-4 Spruce Goose 66.6 m

Airbus A380-800 73.0 m

Airbus A380-800 - 79.6 m
Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental 76.4 m
An-225 Mriya 84.0 m
7 See also
Air launch to orbit

MAKS (spacecraft)

State Space Agency of Ukraine#Svityaz project

Related development

Antonov An-124

Aircraft of comparable role, conguration and era

Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental 68.5 m

Airbus A380-800 - 79.6
Airbus A380-800 79.8 m
m
Airbus Beluga
An-225 Mriya 88.4 m

Hughes H-4 Spruce Goose 97.5 m Boeing 747-8F

Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft

Comparison between four of the largest aircraft:
Hughes H-4 Hercules Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter
Antonov An-225
Airbus A380-800 Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
Boeing 747-8
Myasishchev VM-T

Aspect ratio: 8.6 Related lists

Empty weight: 285,000 kg (628,317 lb)

List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the
Max takeo weight: 640,000 kg (1,410,958 lb) CIS

Fuel capacity: 300,000 kg List of large aircraft

Cargo hold volume 1,300m3 , length 43.35m,

width 6.4m, height 4.4m
8 References
Powerplant: 6 ZMKB Progress D-18 turbofans,
229.5 kN (51,600 lbf) thrust each [1] Worlds largest aircraft, An-225, emerges to set new lift
record. Flight International, 17 August 2009.
Performance
[2] Cargo manifest picture Air Cargo News 13 November
2009. Retrieved: 30 May 2012.
Maximum speed: 850 km/h (528 mph; 459 kn)
[3] Ukraines An-225 aircraft sets new record for heaviest sin-
Cruising speed: 800 km/h (497 mph; 432 kn) gle cargo item transported by air, Eye for Transport, 18
August 2009.
Range: 15,400 km (9,569 mi; 8,315 nmi) with
maximum fuel; range with maximum payload: [4] Payload record in the ocial FAI database. Retrieved 2
4,000 km (2,500 mi) May 2013.

Service ceiling: 11,000 m (36,089 ft) [5] An-225 (An-225-100) "i". Russian Aviation Mu-
seum, 20 October 2001. Retrieved: 31 October 2010.
Wing loading: 662.9 kg/m2 (135.8 lb/sq ft)
[6] An-225 sets new record for payload. Retrieved 2 May
Thrust/weight: 0.234 2013.
 5

[7] Greg Goebel. Antonov An-225 Mriya (Cossack)". The
Antonov Giants: An-22, An-124, & An-225. Retrieved 21
August 2012.
[8] Greg Goebel. The Soviet Buran shuttle program.
Postscript: The Other Shuttles. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
[9] Photo on airliners.net
[10] AN-225 Mriya / Super Heavy Transport. Antonov
ASTC. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
[11] Kaplan, Philip. Big Wings.
[29] An-225 Mriya, NATO: Cossack. Goleta Air & Space
Museum. Retrieved 31 March 2004.
[30] Type Certicates for Aircraft at the Wayback Machine
(archived April 30, 2008)
[31] Height record with 250t payload in the FAI database.
[32] Speed record with 250t payload over 1000km closed cir-
cuit in the ocial FAI database. Retrieved 2 May 2013.
[33] Special planes: The Antonov-225 Mriya"". European
Tribune. 8 April 2006.

[12] Antonov An-225 Mriya. Airliners.net. [34] Antonov Airlines:An-225 Mriya. AirFoyle.

[35] Antonov An-225. Aircraft-Info.net. Archived from the

[13] "Antonov An-225 Mriya (Cossack) Heavy Lift Strate-
gic Long-Range Transport" Military Factory, 23 August
2012. Retrieved: 6 September 2012.
[14] Antonov An-225 Mriya Aircraft History, Facts and Pic-
tures. Aviationexplorer
[15] The Mriya 2: Pictures. Buran-energia.com
[16] "$300m needed for completion of An-225 transport, says
Antonov CEO.
[17] Ukraine may nish the construction of second An-225
Mriya transport aircraft News Russian Aviation. Ru-
aviation.Com. Retrieved 2012-04-06.
[18] Forward, David C: Antonovs Dream Machine, p. 23. Air-
ways magazine, June 2004
original on 1 April 2004. Retrieved 15 February 2004.
[36] Steelcon News. steelcon.com. Retrieved: 13 June 2010.
[37] Photo of the AN-225 in new paint scheme. Spotters.net.
2009. Retrieved 30 December 2009.
[38] Ingram, Frederick C. Volga-Dnepr Group answers.com.
Retrieved: 24 July 2010.
[39] Record breaking journey Renewable Energy Sources, 11
June 2010. Pictures: 1 2. Video. Retrieved: 13 June
2010.
[40] "Ukraines Mriya An-225 aircraft sets new record" Kyiv
Post, 11 June 2010. Accessed: 2 October 2014.
[41] "Record-breaking air freight move"

[19] Spaeth, Andreas: When size matters, p. 29. Air Interna- [42] " ".
tional magazine, December 2009 Interfax (in Russian). April 23, 2013. Retrieved April
29, 2013.
[20] Gordon, Yem; Dmitriy and Sergey Komissarov: The
Six-Engined Dream, page 76. Antonovs Heavy Trans- [43] Gordon, Yem (2004). Antonovs Heavy Transports: Big
ports: The An-22, An-124/225 and An-70. Midland, Lifters for War & Peace. Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-
2004. ISBN 1-85780-182-2. 85780-182-2.

[21] Airbus Reveals A380-linked Pilot Systems Secrets.

Flight International. 3 June 2009.
9 External links
[22] "Flight Test Program is under way for 747 Large Cargo
Freighter." Boeing, November 2006. Retrieved: 29 Ocial An-225 web page
September 2012.
An-225 buran-energia.com
[23] Antonov An-225 Mryia (Cossack)". The Aviation Zone.
Retrieved 2011-07-01. Payloads

[24] "AN-225 Mriya" GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved: 6

September 2012.

[25] "Antonov An 225" Air Charter Service. Retrieved: 6

September 2012.

[26] Milestones of Flight 1903 Wright Flyer

Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum

[27] 100 Years Ago, the Dream of Icarus Became Reality.

FAI NEWS, December 17, 2003. Retrieved: January 5,
2007.

[28] Lindberg, Mark. Century of Flight. Wings of History

Museum, 2003. Retrieved: August 27, 2011.
6 10 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

10 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

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Anome, Gsl, Panairjdde, Leandrod, Zocky, (, Ellywa, Arwel Parry, Rlandmann, Andres, Mulad, Shizhao, Nickshanks, Carlossuarez46, Ro-
manm, Mirv, Halibutt, Radomil, Asn, Ambarish, Adam78, Misterkillboy, Greyengine5, Fleminra, Revth, Alecrodruez, Pascal666, Rchan-
dra, DougEngland, Toytoy, HorsePunchKid, Mzajac, Kelson, Ropers, Karl Dickman, Adashiel, Trevor MacInnis, Ericg, SYSS Mouse,
Corti, Mormegil, Freakofnurture, N328KF, KNewman, Rich Farmbrough, Guanabot, Tristan Schmelcher, Berkut, Alistair1978, Michael
Zimmermann, Bender235, Damotclese, El C, J-Star, Wodan, RobNS, Wotan, Duk, .:Ajvol:., AndrewRH, Cavrdg, Nk, CoolGuy, Thuktun,
Hooperbloob, Nsaa, Supersexyspacemonkey, Mu5ti, Andrew Gray, Denniss, Ruleke, Ross Burgess, Wtmitchell, Evil Monkey, Simon Dodd,
RubenSchade, Gene Nygaard, Yousaf465, Sylvain Mielot, Fpworks, KFan II, Rjwilmsi, Zbxgscqf, Skaterdude182, Makaristos, Oblivious,
Maxim Razin, FlaBot, Ysangkok, Leslie Mateus, Russavia, Ahunt, Nekhbet, N22YF, Chobot, Antiuser, YurikBot, Borgx, ZZ9pluralZalpha,
Reo On, Arado, Hydrargyrum, Gaius Cornelius, Alex Bakharev, Pseudomonas, Akhristov, Wiki alf, Grafen, Ravedave, Gooberliberation,
Vnv lain, Grakm fr, Snarius, Asams10, Tetracube, Eurosong, Richardcavell, Paul Magnussen, 21655, Curpsbot-unicodify, Jonathan.s.kt,
That Guy, From That Show!, Harthacnut, MaeseLeon, SmackBot, Robotbeat, Reedy, Bggoldie, Rsiano, Sergey Khantsis, Aij, Brianski,
Betacommand, Chris the speller, Emt147, Anttihav, DHN-bot, Il palazzo, Modest Genius, WDGraham, Aerobird, TheGerm, SuperDeng,
MJBurrage, Alexmcre, AzaBot, Ken keisel, Fish114, Yulia Romero, The PIPE, DDima, RossF18, Ohconfucius, SashatoBot, Rklawton,
Crwesq@gmail.com, Kuru, John, Mitrowsky, Filmcom, SvenskaJohannes, Jaganath, MilborneOne, Regan123, Mgiganteus1, Ex nihil, Il-
lythr, Mathewignash, The Beagle, Dr.K., MrDolomite, Renebeto, The Giant Pun, Laurens-af, Lahiru k, Henrickson, J-Deeks, Avmich,
BFD1, Carlhcb, Tristan benedict, Verdi1, Yaris678, Malamockq, Cydebot, Fnlayson, Vladimir Drzik, Viggenmannen, Myscrnnm, Not-
theking, After Midnight, ManiacManic, TAG.Odessa, Thijs!bot, Msteen, Martin Hedegaard, Aquilosion, Shimada22, Mortyman, Escarbot,
Ctillier, Seaphoto, JAnDbot, MER-C, Benjamin22b, Arch dude, Bonsai8, IndieRect, Gabe1972, Inklein, John Burkov, The Anomebot2,
Alex Spade, BilCat, LorenzoB, DerHexer, Raoulduke47, Merquisez, CommonsDelinker, Pharaoh of the Wizards, Okinawasan, Neca-
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