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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS

Peperiksaan Semester Pertama
Sidang Akademik 2013/2014

7 Januari 2014

EQT 271 - Engineering Statistics

[Statistik KejuruteraanJ

Masa: 3 jam

Please make sure that this question paper has THIRTEEN (13) printed pages included
this front page and appendix before you start the examination.
[Si/a pastikan kertas Boa/an ini mengandungi TIGA BELAS (13) muJca sural yang bercetaJc termasuk muJca
hadapan dim /ampiran sebe/um anda memulaJcan peperiksaan ini.]

This question paper consists of PART A and PART B. Answer ALL question from
PART A, and ONE (1) question from PART B. Each question contributes 20 marks.
[Kertas aoa/an ini mengandungi BAHAGIAN A dan BAHAGJAN B. Jawab SEMUA aoa/an di Bahagian
A. dim SATU (1) aoa/an dari Bahagian B. Markah bagi setiap aoa/an ada/ah 20 markak]

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PART A
IBAHAGIAN AJ

Question 1
Soalan 1

An industrial engineer at a furniture manufacturing plant wishes to investigate how

the plant's electricity usage depends on the amount of the plant's production. He found
that there is a simple linear relationship between production measured as the value in
Ringgit Malaysia units of furniture produced in certain month (x) and the electrical
usage in units of kWh (kilowatt-hours,y). 15 observations were collected and initial
calculation needed in finding linear regression are shown below:

{Seorang jurutera industri di sebuah kilang pembuatan perabot ingin mengkqji lahap kebergantungan
penggunaan elektrik berdasarkan jumlah pengeluaran yang dijalankan oleh kilang lersebut. Beliau
mendapati bahawa terdapat hubungan linear ringkas antara pengeluaran perabot yang diukur dalam
unit jula dolar dalam bulan yang lerlentu (x) dan penggunaan elektrik dalam unil kWh (kilawatt:iam,
y). 15 cerapan telah dikumpulkan don pengiraan awal adalah seperli berikul.}

15 15 15
LX, =65.7000 LY, =37.2300 LX1Y, =163.0799
i=1 i::::Jl I~I

15 15
LX/ =288.8178 LY/ =92.6687
i=1 ;=1

(a) Fit a simple linear regression model.

[Suaikan model regresi linear ringkas.}
(6 Marks / Markah)

(b) Test the linear relationship between x and Y at a = 0.05 using (-test. What is
the conclusion that can be made?
[Uji hubungan linear anlara x dan y pado a = 0.05 menggunakan ujian I. Apakah kesimpulan
yang dapat dibuat?]
(8 Marks / Markah)

(c) Calculate the value of coefficient of determination and interpret the result.
[Kira nilai pekali ketentuan don jelaskan keputusan yang diperolehi.}
(2 Marks / Markah)

(d) If the value r2 reduce markedly, what do you expect the result in (b)?
[Jika nilai r' berkurang secara mendadak, apakah keputusan yang anda jangkakan di (b)?]
(4 Marks / Markah)

... .3/-

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Question 2
Soolanl

Researchers want to examine the effect of various types of music (Factor A) on

agitation levels in patients who are in the early and middle stages of Alzheimer's
disease (Factor B). Patients were selected to participate in the study based on their
stage of Alzheimer's disease. Three types of music were tested: Easy listening,
Mozart, and piano interludes. While listening to music, agitation levels were recorded
for the patients with a high score indicating a higher level of agitation. Scores are
recorded and the output of ANOVA from Microsoft Excel was obtained as shown in
OUTPUT I.

[Penyelidik ingin mengkoji kesan pe!bagai jenis muzik (Faktor Aj terhadap tahap pergolakan pesaldt
yang menghidap penyakit Alzheimer peringkat awalan dan pertengahan (Faktor Bj. Beberapa pesakit
te/ah dipilih untuk mengambil bahagian dalam kajian ini berdasarkan kepada peringkat penyakit
mereka. Tiga bentuk muzik te/ah dimainkan: Pendengaran ringan, Mozart, dan se!ingan piano. Kefika
pesakit mendengar muzik, tahap pergolakan mereka dicatatkan. Pesakit dengan skar yang tinggi
menu'!iukkan tahap pergolakan yang lebih tinggi. Kepurusannya telah direkadkan dan output ANOYA
dari Microsoft Excel telah diperolehi seperti yang ditu'!iukkan dalam OUTPUT L]

OUTPUT I
[OUTPUTI]

Sourceo! SS df MS F P-value
Variation
Factor A 30 Q T V 0.056
FactorB 740 R 370 49.88 0.000
Interaction 260 2 U 17.528 0.000
Error P S 7.417
Total 1208 29

(a) What is the type of ANOVA test that is suitable to test with this above output?
[Apakah jenis uj/an ANOYA yang sesuai untuk dir4i menggunakan output di atas?]
(1 Marks 1 Marlwh)

(b) Determine the level of Factor A, Factor B and its replication (if any).
[Tentukan tahap bagi Faktor A, Faktor B dan repliirosinya (sekiranya ada).}
(3 Marks 1Markah)

(c) Compute the value ofP, Q, R, S, T, U and V in the above table.

[Kira nilai P, Q. R, S. T, U dan Y dalam jadua/ di atas.}
(7 Marks 1 Markah)

(d) By using a = 0.05, test the significance of main effects and the interaction
effect. Use the p-value and interpret your answer.
[Dengan menggunakan a = 0.05, r4i tahap keert/an kesan Wama dan kesan interaksi.
Gunakan nilai-p dan tqfoirkan jawapan muia.]
(9 Marks 1 Markah)

... .4/-

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Question 3
Soalan3

(a) State the two requirements that must be satisfied in order to perform a
goodness of fit test.
[Nyatakan dua syarat yang harus dipenuhi bagi me/alrsanakan suatu ujian kebagusan
suaian.]

(2 Marks / Markah)

(b) State whether the statements below TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
[Tentukan sama ada pemyataan di bawah BEHAR (B) atau SALAH (S). ]

(i) The shape of chi-square distribution depends on the degrees of

freedom.
[Beniuk bagi tahuran khi-kuaaa dua adalah bergantung kepada darjah kebebaaan.]

(ii) When using the chi-square goodness of fit test, the smaller the value of
the chi-square test statistic, the more likely we are to reject the null
hypothesis.
[ApabiJa menggunakan uJlan kebagusan suaian khi-kuaaa duo, semakin keell niJai
ujian statistik khi-kuaaa dua, semakin besar kemungkinan kita meno/ak hipatesis
nul.]

(iii) The chi-square goodness of fit test is always a one-tailed test with
rejection region in the right end tail.
[Ujian kebagusan suaian khi-kuaaa dua adalah seJalunya merupakan uJlan satu
hujung dengan ,antau penolakan pada hujung sebe/ah kanan.]

(3 Marks / Markah)

.. .. 5/-
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(c) In a certain production of spark plugs, the length and weight are two important
quality characteristics. Table I shows the number of spark plugs of both
quality characteristics according to its classification.

[Dalam sua/ll pengeluaran palam pencucuh, panjang dan berat adalah dua kualiti
pembolehubah yang penting. Jadual II menunjulrkan pengukuran kedua-dua kualiti
pembolehubah tersebut berdasarkon kepada klasifilwsi yang telah ditetaplwn.]

Table I
{Jsal !J
Weight
[Beratj
Light Good Heavy Total
{Ringan/ [Baik/ [Berat] [Jumlahl
Short 45 38 32 115
[pendek]
Length Good 32 45 35 112
[Panjangj [Baik]
Long 37
{PanjangJ
36 32 105
Total 114 119 99 332
[Jumlahl

(i) Complete the table below.

[Lengkapkon jaduaJ di bawah.]

0; E; (0; -ElY
Observed value Expected value E,
fnilai cerapan] fnilaijanglwanL
45
38
32

( 10 Marks 1 Markah)

(ii) Is there any evidence to conclude that the lengths and weights are not
independent? Test at a =0.05 level of significance and interpret your
result.
[Adakah bubi yang mencukupi bagi menyimpulkon bahawa panjang dan herat ada/ah
hersandor di antara satu sarna lain. Uji pada aras keertian dan terangkon jawapan anda.]
( 5 Marks 1 Markah)

....6/-
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Question 4
SoIJlan4

(a) Given, Xl : Number of non defective item produced by workers with a break
in one day production and X 2 : Number of non defective item produced by
workers without a break in one day production.

{Diber;, x,: Bilangan barangan yang tiada kerosakan dihasilkan oleh pekuja yang diberi
rehat daJam sehari pengeluaran dan X,: Bilangan barangan yang tiada kuosakan
dihasi/kan oleh pekuja yang tidale diberl rehat dalam sehari pengeluaran.}

(i) By using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for two samples Xl and X"
complete the table below.
(Dengan menggunakan Ujlan Panglcat Tanda Wi/coxon untuIc dua sampel X, and
X,, lenglwpkanjaduaJ dl bawah.]

Xl X2 d, = Xl, -X2, Id,l Rank R(d,) +R(d,) -R(d,)

157 160
139 118
188 150
143 165
172 158
144 159
191 127
128 133
177 170
160 164
175 152
162 142
T+ = T-=
(7 Marks / Markah)

(ii) Based on table a (i), test at 1% significance level whether Xl is greater

than X 2
{BerdasarkanjaduaJ di (a)(O, ujlpada araa lceertian 1% sama adaX, ada/ok lebih
besar daripada X, .)
(4 Marks / Markah)

....7/-

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(b) Table D shows students scores in various subjects. Test at 5% significance

level whether there exist differences between the scores in subjects using
Kruskal Wallis Test.
[Jadual II menunjukkan morkah pelajor dalam pelbagai mata pe/ajoran. Ujl pada aras
keertian 5% sama ada terdapat perbezaan markah di antora mata pelajoran dengan
menggunakan Ujian Kruskal Wallis.}

TableD
[JadualIIj

Mathematics Science English Economics

{MlIImUltikj (SaiIIlJ) . {Bahtull IIIgguisj [EkollOmlj
72 81 88 74
80 74 82 71
83 77 90 77
75 87 70
80
(9 Marks / Markah)

....8/-

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PARTB
IBAHAG1AN BJ

Question 5
SoaianS

(a) State whether the statements below TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
fTentukan sama ada pernyataan di bawah BENAR (B) alau SALAH (S). J

(i) A statistic is a numerical characteristic of a population.

[Statistik adalah matu nilai berangka bagi ciri sesuatu papulasi.J

(ii) The major contribution of inferential statistics is that it allows us to

take population information and make statements about samples.
[Sumbangan utama pentaabiran statistif< adalah ianya membolehkan kita
menggunakan informasi daripada papulasi bagi membuat pernyalaan tentang
sampel.}

(iii) Null and alternative hypotheses are statements about population

parameter.
lHipotesis nul dan alternatifadalah penyalaan tentang parameter papulasi.J

(iv) The level of significance a associated in the significance test is the

probability offail to reject a true null hypothesis.
lAras keertian a yang berkaitan dengan ujian keertian ialah kebarangkalian untuk
gagal menolak hipotesis nul yang benar.}

(v) A 99% confidence interval is wider than a 95% confidence interval.

[Se/ang keyakinan 99% adalah lebih lebar berbanding selang keyakinan 95%.J

(5 Marks / Markah)

....9/-

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(b) A paint manufacturing company claims that the mean drying time for its paint
is at most 50 minutes. A random sample of 20 trials tested. It is found that the
sample mean drying time is 49.50 minutes with standard deviation 3 minutes.
Assume that the drying times follow a normal distribution.

[Sebuah syarikat cat mendakwa tempoh min pengeringan catnya adalah paling lama 50 minit.
Satu sampe/ 20 cubaan diuji. Didapati bahawa sampel min pengeringan adalah 49.5 minit
dengan sisihan piawai 3 minit. Andaikan tempoh pengeringan mengikat taburan normal.]

(i) Construct a 99% confidence interval for the mean drying time of the paint.
Explain your answer.
[Bina 99"Ai selang keyakinan bagi min pengeringan cat tersebut. Jelaskan jawapan
anda.]
(4 Marks / Markah)

(ii) At 5% significance level, is there any sufficient evidence to support the

company claim?
[Pada aras keertian 5%, adakah terdapat bukti yang mencukupi untuk menyokang
dakwaan syarikat?]
(7 Marks / Markah)

(iii) Suppose that another manufacturing company wants to estimate the mean
drying time for its paints at 95% confidence level. Given (1' =10 minutes,
what is the sample size of trials required in order to obtain an estimate that is
within maximum error of 3 minutes?
[Andaikan terdapat sebuah syarikat lain yang ingin menganggarkan min
pengeringan cat mereka poda aras keyakinan 95%. Diberi 0" =10 minutes,
berapakah saiz sampel yang diperlukan jika ralat moksimum adaJah 3 minit.]
(4 Marks / Markah)

.... 10/-
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Question 6
Soalan 6

(a) State whether the statements below TRUE (T) or FALSE (F).
[Tentukan sama ada pemyataan dl bawah BENAR (B) atau SALAH (S).]

(i) The mean of the sampling distribution of p is p.

[Min bagi taburan pensampelan p ialah p.]

(ii) The standard deviation of sampling distribution of x is u .

{Sisihan piawai bagi taburan pensampelan x ialah u.]

(iii) The standard deviation of x is increases as the sample size increases.

{Sisihan piawai bagi oj alean meningkat jika saiz sampel meningkat.j

(iv) If the random variable X is normally distributed, the sampling

distribution of the sample mean will be approximately normally
distributed regardless of the sample size.
{Jika pembolehubah X adalah tertabur secora normal taburan pensampelan bagi
min sampel akan menghampiri taburan normal tanpa mengira saiz sampe/.]

(v) Suppose that the mean of sampling distribution for the difference
between two sample proportions is O. This indicates that the two
populations proportions are equal to each other.
[Andailean min taburan pensampe/an bagl beza anJara perkadaran duo sampe/
adalah O. Inl memmjukkan bahawa perkadaran dua populasi adalah sama dl anJara
satu dengan lain.]
(S Marks I Markah)

(b) According to an online service survey, 30% of online customers take

advantage of the online customer service. Random samples of 100 customers
are selected.If Pea < p <b) = 0.90. Find the value a and b.
[Berdasarkan satu kajian perlchilimatan dalam talian, 30% pelanggan perlchllimatan dalam
ta/ian mengambil kesempatan dalam perlchilimatan dalam talian. Sampel secara rawok 100
p
pelanggan telah dipilik Jika P(a < <b) =0.90. Cari nilai a dan b.]
(5 Marks I Markah)

(c) Mean weight of ball bearing for brand A and B are same which are O.SOg
with standard deviation O.02g. What is the probability that the two lots
sample of lOOO ball bearings each will differ in mean weight by more than
O.002g?
[BeFat galas bola bagi duo jenama A dan B adalah sama iaitu 0.50g dengan sisihan plawai
0.02g. Apakah kebarangkalian bahawa kedua-dua sampel 1000 galas bola masing-masing
akan berbeza dalam berat yang melebihi daripada 0.002g.]

(10 Marks I Markah)

-000000-

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APPENDu(/LAJdPlltAN

LIST OF FORMULAE

Normal Distribution
X-fJ
Z

Sampling Distribution

x _N(fJ, :2)
P-N(P, P(l~P)
-
XI - X 2
- -
(
N f.lt -112, -;;:
u/ +-;;;
u,' )

P.I -P.2 -N(PI - P2' PI(l-

"t
PI) + p,(l- P')J
11,

Confidence interval for single population

2
( xz% ;,;} u is known

(xz% ;,;} u2 isunknown, n:<:30

(
Xta/ -4=), u
72.- 1 "\In
2
is unknown, n<30

(pz%~:q) where p=; and q=1- P

Confidence interval for two population
u 2 +_2_
_I
u2
"t 11,

S2 S 2
_1_+_2_
"t n,

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Sample size:

n=( Za;CT J
Hypothesis testing:
For~:

X-JJ
Z=--, ulmown
cr
Tn
X-JJ
Z = - - , u unknown
s
Tn
X-JJ
t = - -. cr unknown n<30 with II = n - J
s
Tn
Forp: Z= P-Po

~P~q.
For ~1 - ~2:
Z (X; -x,)-(p, -JI,)
,(0'"cr2 ) known
(T.2 (T2
::L+_2
~ n,.
Z= (X; -x2)-(Jlt
2 2
- Jl2) t
(u u) is unknown
l' 2
~+.1
nl n2
(Xt-X2)-(p, -JI,) .
Z- , (crt,cr2 ) unknown (Assume crt =0'2)
S
p
p_+J..n,.
~
IS

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'
(~- -x,-) t..." -+-
a/ a,' , (0",,0", ).IS unknown, ('" < 30,'" < 30)th
WI
-
11-
( )
(')'
82
:L+:L
'"
S 2

'"
( ')'
'" '" _1_ i + _1_ i-
'" - 1 '" '" -1 '"

('" -1)5; +(n, -1)5;

withSp =
'" +n,-2
ForPl-P, :
Z <P,- p,)-(p, - p,) with p= x, +x7
pq+pq ",+n,
'" n,
Linear Regression

(tXi)'
,.,
n n

/J..
S." =LX,Y, t
,-, n
~var(/J..)

Nonparametrie:
T+ = L +R(d,)
1= L-R(d,)

H- 12 [(R,)']_3(n+l)
n(n+1) ;_, n,

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