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INTRODUCTION

In this this construction equipment and method project, we are required to write a site
visit report about the use of construction equipment in building construction. The building
location is at the main road of Jalan Kluang Batu pahat that take about 8 minutes from
Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara Sri Gading. The location of construction has a good population
because it is somewhere nearby the business area and located between the residential area and
religion temple.

This site visit was held 13th of September and located at Parit raja, Batu pahat johor.
This project is about construction & completion of 4 units Three storey shop office and 36
units double storey shop offices on LOT 6111 at Taman Kelisa utama.

The purpose of this project to let the student understand the basic type construction
equipment at construction site. From the site visit, student able to known the scope of
equipment used at building site such as earthmoving equipment, Material handling equipment
and construction equipment.

PHOTO AND DESCRIPTIONS

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Route Goggle Maps to Taman kelisa Three storey shop office from

Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara Sri Gading,Batu Pahat.

3D goggle maps

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Advertisement and replica image at construction site

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TECHNICAL BUILDING DESCRIPTION

On the 13th of September we make our first site visit at Taman kelisa project at Parit
raja, Batu Pahat. This trip is very interesting because the building features which about 3
storey shop office and 36 units double storey shop offices.

We are arrived the construction site at around 10 am. Before we enter the site. We are
noticed that the was a noticed board which is project signboard placed outside the
construction site. The project signboard states that this this project is about construction &
completion of 3 storey shop office and 36 units double storey shop offices on LOT 6111.

The company cooperating is:

Project 3 storey shop office and 36 units double storey shop offices on LOT
6111.

Developer TKC DEVELOPMENT SDN BHD.


Architect TEKNIREKA ARCHITEC SDN BHD
Contractor KCT TECH CONSTRUCTION SDN BHD
C&S T.P TAY JURUTERA PERUNDING
Engineer
Period 3 years (25th December 2015 - 25th December 2018)
Temporary

The construction site is located besides residential area and temple which has good
population and strategy area for business and industrial park. This might be strategy for
business area because it is in front federal main road Jalan Kluang Batu Pahat. This is
important road and hectic at Parit raja because its the one road connecting to Batu Pahat
City. From our observation, we known that the construction site had stated from 25th
December 2015 and hopefully to be complete at 25th December 2018. We also known the
features and function of building is built for building-featured industrial area park. The
building concept is 4 units of shop offices which have 3 floors and 36-unit shop offices which
has 2 floors.

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Besides that, we can saw there are few temporary accommodations for the workers
including meeting room at the site. We also some familiar equipment at the site construction
including;

Earth moving Equipment


Material Handling Equipment
Construction Equipment

At the site also we are also saw some construction work was conduct including;

Site clearing
Excavation
Palling work
Formwork
Concreting

At the site area we can see that the area of this site following the safety procedures during
construction activities. This is because area around the building is equipped with safety
signage. At the same time, the construction area is fully covered with fence and has one
access road to avoid the public eye are susceptible to enter into the construction area.

Sign and notices are essential elements at construction site to guide, show and notice
to public. Specifically, sign and notices at construction site are used as following;

Administration area and office signs for visitor.


To help in directing plant and materials delivers.
For security and to act as warning to the public and employees.
For ease of location of administration, safety, and welfare facilities.
To show the names and organizations who are party and contract.

PHOTO AND DESCRIPTIONS

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The information board placed in front of the site

Safety signage and fence as a precaution at the site

TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
EQUIPTMENT
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As we can see at construction we are find these mostly type of equipment was used to
conduct this project inducing;ro

Earth moving Equipment backhoe


Material Handling Monkey hoist
Equipment Crane
Construction Equipment Concrete truck

1) EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT:

These heavy machine is commonly known as a hoe, hack shovel and pull shovel and its
also called as Multi-purpose excavators. These machines are based upon a tractor power unit
and very popular with the small to medium-sized building contactor because of their
versatility.

The tractor is usually a diesel-powered wheeled vehicle, although tracked versions are
available; both are fitted with a hydraulically controlled loading shovel at the front and
hydraulically controlled back acting bucket or hoe at rear of the vehicle.

It is essential that the weight of machine is removed from axles during a back operation.
This is achieved by outrigger jacks at the corners or by jacking at the rear of the power unit
working in conjunction with the inverted bucket at the front of the machine.

At this site we see back hoe we see back hole mainly used to clean up construction area, to
dig holes in the ground, to make trenches, ditches and to help to remove deep roots from trees
as preliminary work of site clearing.

The basic parts are of this equipment is boom, Jack boom, Boom foot drum, Boom
sheave, Strick, Bucket and Bucket sheave.

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Backhoe machinery
component part

HELPFUL HINTS FOR EFFECTIVE HOE OPERATION

1. Digging should be planned so that dipper teeth cut as near as possible to the
line of digging cable
2. Length and depth of cut should be judged to produce a full dipper at every

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Full loads on every pass produce more pay dirt than faster cycle with partly
filled dipper.
Full loads should be the first objective , followed by speed increases for fast
cycles.
3. A hoe will dig fairly hard material. Where possible, blasting will often be less
expensive than bulling through hardpan and rock strata with the hoe dipper.
4. Using the dipper teeth as a pick axe by extending handle to maximum reach,
then dropping front end break ledge rock is very bad practice, the result being
serious front end damage.
5. Once the trench is open, ledge rock can be broken by pulling dipper up under
the layers. Top layers are pulled first with one or two layer lifted at a time.

APPLICATION:

Its the most suitable machine for digging below machine level such as trenches,
footing, basement etc.
It can be efficiently used to dress or tri, surface avoiding the use of manual effort
for dressing the excavated the surface.

2) MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT:

i. Monkey hoist (Device)

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Monkey hoist is commonly equipment type are used to make handling work at
construction such as lifting construction material from ground floor to the any multi-storey of
the building.
This monkey hoist is durable fast and easy to use. This machine gives a one-short
cutting operation with perfect cutting accuracy thus minimizing the use of labour and long
drawn cutting process for single cuts.
This workhorse knows no stop as it can be effectively put to use for a constant round-
the clock production. This portable equipment can accommodate and lifting of construction
equipment which has a light weight material and more easily to conduct then tower crane
because more mobilize to any small places at construction building. It just small, light, faster
and easily dissembling and assembling. This equipment also has cheap and have low
maintenance service.

ii. Tower crane (Lorry-mounted crane)

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A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with hoist, wire and ropes or chain,
and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for
lifting of heavy load and more quantity things and transporting them to other places.

As we can see, at this construction site mobile are used to transport work. Type of
Lorry-mounted cranes are used at this construction site. These consist of a crane mounted on
a specially designed lorry or truck. The operator drives the vehicle between sites a
conventional cab but has to operate the crane engine and control from separate crane-
operating position,

ADDVANTAGES:

A truck mounted crane can maneuverer in any direction desired. This flexibility
increases its efficiency (flexibility principle).
Flexibility is provided by motor truck wheels fitted with tyres that permit them to
operate anywhere they are needed without any restrictions as to path of travel,
except on very soft and very rough ground.
Various crane attachments add to their ability to handle a wide range of articles
effectively. Grabs, lings, specialized carriers and magnets are among the accessory
equipments which makes them versatile handlers

APPLICATION:

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Truck cranes are used for handling large and heavy pieces. Although the typical
application of mobile cranes is in outdoor yard activities, as in handling pipe, lumber,
steel bar, piling reinforcement at construction site.

PHOTO AND DESCRIPTIONS

Lifting work by mobile crane at construction site

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Machinery component of mobile crane

1) Construction Equipment (Concrete truck)

Ready concrete mix truck at used at this site to provide all cement
concrete for this project. Ready mix concrete (RMC) is a specialized
material in which the cement aggregates and other ingredients are weigh-
batched at plant in a central mixer or truck mixer, before deliver to the
construction site in condition ready used.

ADDVANTAGES:

RMC reduces the labour cost and site supervising cost.


Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) allows speedy construction through
programmed delivery at site, mechanized operation with
consequent economy.
RMC comes with consistency in quality through accurate &
computerized control of sand aggregates and water as per mix
designs.
Production of RMC helps in minimizing cement wastage due to bulk
handling.
Production of RMC is relatively pollution free.

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DISADVANTAGES

The materials are batched at a central plant, and the mixing begins
at that very plant. So the travelling time from the plant to the site is
critical over longer distances. Some sites are just too far away,
which can risk that ready mix concrete may become unusable due
to setting.
It will generate additional road traffic. Generally, Ready Mix Trucks
are large in size and may cover lot of area in the road blocking other
traffic.
Concretes limited time span between mixing and curing means that
ready-mix should be placed within 210 minutes of batching at the
plant.

PHOTO AND DESCRIPTIONS

The process ready mixed concrete.

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