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Kassidy Kenney

Outline Chapter 25: Diplomacy and World War II


Pages 528-532

1) Disputes with Germany


i) 1940-1941 US relations with Japan strained bc invasion of China & Southeast
Asia
ii) 1940- Axis of power Japan, Germany, Italy
iii) Opportunities of expansion into Dutch East India, British Burma, French
Indochina
b) US Economic action
i) FDR prohibit export steel, scrap iron except to Britain and West Hemisphere
ii) 1941- Japan occupied French Indochina
iii) FDR froze Japanese access to credit- no US oil
c) Negotiations
i) Embargo on US oil forced Japan to extend conquests
ii) Invasion of China violated Open Door
iii) Neither side changed policies
2) Pearl Harbor
i) US fleet in Pearl Harbor, bombed Dec. 7, 1941,
ii) 2,400 Americans killed, 1,200 injured, 20 warships sunk, 150 airplanes
destroyed
b) Partial surprise
i) American people stunned, government officials expected attack but not on US
c) Declaration of War- a date that will live in infamy
i) Dec 8, declared war
ii) Germany and Italy declared war on US
3) World War II: the Home Front
i) Dec 1941- Hitler invasion of Soviet Union
ii) Allies- Britain, US, Soviet Union
b) Industrial Production
i) Special agencies for wartime crisis
(1) 1942- Wartime production board WPB- manage war industries
(2) Office of War Mobilization OWM- production priorities and raw material
prices
(3) Paid contractors production price plus labor
ii) Depression ended, unemployment practically disappeared
iii) New ship could be built in 14 days
c) Wages, Prices and rationing
i) Office of Price Aministration OPA- regulated prices, wages, rents and
rationing
d) Unions- white in war- no strikes
i) Smith- Connally Anti-Strike Act of 1943- gov. take over war-related
businesses threatened by strike
e) Financing the War
i) Increased income tax
ii) Selling war bonds
iii) Shortage of consumer goods made saving easier
4) Wars Impact on Society
a) African Americans
i) 1.5 million left south, 1million served in Armed forces
ii) Faced segregation and discrimination, race riots in NY and Detroit
iii) Double V- victory over fascism and victory for equality
b) Mexican Americans- defense industries, 300,000 served in armed forces
i) Braceros- farm workers could enter the US in harvest season
ii) Zoot suit riots- whites and Mexican Americans battles on the streets
c) Native Americans- 25,000 served, and many worked in industry
i) Left reservations
d) Japanese Americans- 20,000 served
i) Suspected of being spies
ii) 1942, 100,000 forced to barracks of internment camp
iii) Korematsu v US upheld governments policy as justified in wartime
e) Women- 200,000 served in noncombat roles
i) 5 million entered the workforce
ii) Rosie the Riveter take defensive jobs
iii) Received lower pay
f) Propaganda!!
5) The election of 1944
a) Again FRD
i) Fourth term, new vice president- Harry S Truman
b) Thomas Dewey- weak Republican nomination
6) World War II: The Battlefronts
i) Fighting waged on two fronts or theaters of operation
b) Fighting Germany
i) Defense of sea, attacks by air
(1) British and Americans concentrated on
(a) Overcoming German submarines
(b) Bombing raids on German cities
(2) Naval war- Battle of the Atlantic
Chapter 25- Diplomacy and World War II

Vocabulary
Pearl Harbor- the US fleet in the Pacific was anchored at Pearl Harbor, on Dec. 7th, the
Japanese bombed the Harbor

Office of Price Administration-regulated wages, prices, rents and rationing

Smith V Allwright- allowed the government to take over war-related businesses whose
operations were threatened by a strike

Korematsu v. US- upheld the governments decision to put Japanese Americans in


internment camps during World War II as justified for the wartime effort

Harry S. Truman- Became Roosevelts running mate and vice president for his fourth
term in office, severed most of Roosevelts term because of death

Battle of the Atlantic-The naval war which took place while fighting the Germans
Kassidy Kenney

Chapter 25- Diplomacy and World War II

So Whats
1. President Roosevelt set a precedent by running, and winning, his fourth term in office.

Many felt a change in power during the war was irrational. The Republican nominee,

Thomas Dewey, was ill-suited for the presidency.

2. Roosevelts administration implemented a series of industrial agencies to ensure US

mobilization for war. These included the War Production Board WPB (manage war

industries), the Office of War Mobilization (production priorities and raw materials) ,

Office of Price Administration (regulated prices, wages, rents and rationing.)

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