1 .

- Hardware / software
Hardware / software
1 .- Hardware / software
Computing
Computers: Computer science is the discipline that studies the automatic process
ing of information using electronic devices and computer systems. This computer
system to perform the following basic tasks: * Input: Collection of information.
* Processing or treatment of such information. * Output: Transmission of result
s. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatica]
A .- Hardware / software
Computers (2)
May 2 +
entry
Program
7
output
Information processing
Program
...
1 .- Hardware / software
Hardware
Hardware: Hardware refers to all physical components (which can be played), whic
h constitute the computer.
Input Output Input / Output
Information processing
1 .- Hardware / software
Software
Software: software is called the program or software to all the intangible compo
nents of a computer, ie the set of programs and procedures necessary to make pos
sible the realization of a specific task. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software
] The hardware without the software does nothing. The software without hardware,
has nowhere to run.
1 .- Hardware / software
Software: Source code and machine language
Source: * A set of lines forming a block of text, written according to the synta
x rules
of a programming language designed to be readable by humans. * A program in its
original form as written by the programmer, not executable by the computer, you
must become machine language by compilers, assemblers or interpreters. [Http://e
s.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codigo_fuente]
Machine Language: * System codes directly interpretable by a micro-circuit, such
as
microprocessor of a computer. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_m% C3% A1qu
ina]
1 .- Hardware / software
Software: Source code and machine language (2)
Source Program (executable, library, driver routine ...)
...
1 .- Hardware / software
Software: machine language
Intel machine language of 8088. The machine code is highlighted in red, the equi
valent in assembly language in magenta, and memory addresses where the code blue
. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguaje_m% C3% A1quina]
1 .- Hardware / software
Software: multiplatform
Multiplatform is a term used to refer to programs, operating systems, programmin
g languages, or other software that can run on different platforms. For example,
an application could run on Windows platform in an x86 processor, GNU / Linux o
n an x86 processor, and Mac OS X on an x86 (only for Apple computers) or a Power
PC. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplataforma] A program compiled on windows
-> run in windows a program compiled in GNU / Linux -> runs on GNU / Linux A pr
ogram compiled on Mac OS X -> runs on Mac OS X ... There are applications compil
ed for one platform, for 2, 3 ...
1 .- Hardware / software
Free Software
Free software is software that, once obtained, may be used, copied, studied, mod
ified and redistributed freely. According to this definition, the software is "f
ree" if it guarantees the following freedoms: freedom ● 0: run the program for a
ny purpose (private, educational, public, commercial ...) ● Freedom 1: study and
modify the program ( for which it is necessary to access the source code) ● Fre
edom 2: copy the program so that it can help your neighbor or any ● free 3: to i
mprove the program and improvements to the public, so as to benefit the entire c
ommunity. Different types of licenses: GPL, BSD, Apache ...
1 .- Hardware / software
Free software links
●
15 Myths About GNU / Linux: [http://www.wikilearning.com/monografia/15_mitos_sob
re_gnu_linux/6212]
CD-Free: Free and not free (free) for windows [http://www.cdlibre.org/]
●
Free software on wikipedia [http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_libre]
●
Sourceforge.net: SourceForge.net is a software development center that controls
and manages several open source projects and acts as a repository of source code
. [Http://sourceforge.net/]
●
List of free software applications: [http://alts.homelinux.net/]
●
1
1 .- Hardware / software
Operating System
An operating system (OS) is a set of programs designed to allow communication wi
th a computer user and manage their resources efficiently. Start working "when y
ou turn the computer" [http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bios], and manages the hardw
are of the machine from the most basic levels.€An operating system can usually b
e found in most electronic devices that use microprocessors to operate, because
thanks to them we can understand the machine and that it fulfills its functions
(cell phones, DVD players, car stereos and computers ... .) [Http://es.wikipedia
.org/wiki/Sistema_operativo]
1 .- Hardware / software
Operating System (2)
●
Allows us to interact with the computer
S.O.
1 .- Hardware / software
Operating System (3)
S.O.
1 .- Hardware / software
Operating System (4)
Of concern: CPU Management Process Management Memory Management Device Managemen
t I / S Management Security filesystem command interpreter
1 .- Hardware / software
Operating System: Some families
Windows
Windows 3.X Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows ME Windows NT Windows 2000 Windows 200
0 Server Windows XP Windows Server 2003 Windows CE Windows Mobile Windows Vista
Macintosh
Mac OS 7 Mac OS 8 Mac OS 9 Mac OS X
UNIX
AIX Unix Amiga (AMIX) GNU / Linux GNU / Hurd HP-UX Minix Irix UnixWare System V
Solaris LynxOS Xenix
[Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistemas_Operativos_ (Implementations)]
1 .- Hardware / software
GNU / Linux
1984 - 1990: Richard Stallman and many volunteers are trying to create a free op
erating system with a performance similar to the UNIX (GNU). 1990: GNU lists had
many important tools such as compilers, debuggers, shells etc, except for the c
entral component: the core. 1991: Linux was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 (a
nd released under GPL). Since then, Linux has become the core of GNU. [Http://es
.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU/Linux] [http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_Linux] [http
://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_de_Linux] [http: / / es.wikipedia.org / wiki /
% C3% Controversia_por_la_denominaci B3n_GNU/Linux]
1 .- Hardware / software
GNU / Linux Distributions
A GNU / Linux (often abbreviated distro) is a suite of applications that allow u
s to deliver improvements together to easily install an operating system based o
n software from many sources and use licenses, which are termed conventional GNU
/ Linux. [Http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribuci% C3% B3n_Linux]
●
Multiple distributions Free software -> modify and distribute -> specific distri
butions derived distributions (multimedia, networking, games ...) Commercial and
 noncommercial Free and "not free"
●
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1 .- Hardware / software
GNU / Linux Distributions
http://enterpriselinuxlog.blogs.techtarget.com/files/2007/04/44218-linuxdistroti
meline-72.png