The mirage doping "Doping in football does not exist" Marcello Lippi, coach 2 Contents 1. Doping: what it is. p.. P. 3. P. 5. 7 2. Law doping or doping state? 3. The most beautiful sport in the world in pharmacy! 4. Doping: the whole world over ... 5. The joke dell'antidoping. p.. P. 8. P. 10. 11 6. The athlete of 2000? A cyborg! 7. Main sources. p.. 12 8. Material for more details. p.. 13 2 3 Every now and then reappears. There has been a chorus of protests and complaints , confirmations and denials, rumors and reassurance, inquiries and referrals. Th en everything goes back below deck. And 'doping, which for half a century seriou sly affects all sports involving both the world amateur as the professional. 1. Doping: what it is. In fact it is common to think that this scourge affects only the upper floors of the sport. Not so: especially in recent years has been witn essing an alarming abuse of illicit drugs in amateur circles, which sometimes ar e totally left without the slightest control. Even more alarming is the picture if you add that the use of drugs is encouraged by doctors and coaches of youth t eams, regardless of the effects you can achieve success and only looking for eas y and effortless. What is doping? The word "doping" comes from the verb "to dope ," which means "drug". Making use of drugs means illegal use of drugs to enhance mental and physical energy and athletic performance then. Doping is the emblem of the sports culture in vogue among us, who refuses defeat and that, in the gri p of a maddening hedonism, is prepared to use means shameful even to triumph. Le t us now sum up the main performance-enhancing drugs banned by law-anabolic ster oids: they are synthetic derivatives of testosterone. Causing an increase in mus cle mass and strength, ability to sustain intense effort and long-term physical without failure. The most common problems relate to the liver, reproductive and cardiovascular. Following prolonged intake of steroids, the human body can go to suspend the physiological testosterone production and cause menstrual irregular ities in women, low voice, 3 4 breast reduction, hair loss, increased acne and body hair. -Amphetamine: are sti mulants of the central nervous system and in particular carry out actions inhibi ting the sensation of fatigue. The effects sought by the athlete who uses have a potential to reduce fatigue, increase concentration and self-esteem. Its abilit y to reduce the physiological stimuli of fatigue is the major risk to the athlet e who continues to force its activities beyond the limits of his body, can cause severe damage, the first of the sudden cardiac arrest. -Growth hormone (GH) sti mulates body growth and maintains the stability of the organism. Stimulates prot ein metabolism in athletes and leads to a significant decrease in fat mass, with a simultaneous increase in muscle mass. Causes abnormal skeletal development, l eading to an increase in size of the bones of the limbs and skull, and an increa se in the volume of certain internal organs. Also noteworthy is heart disease an d diabetes. Erythropoietin (EPO): Urges the bone marrow to produce red blood cel ls, thus favoring the increase of reserve oxygen. The EPO is sought for the athl etes who practice sport aerobic base, such as cycling, cross country, the marath on. Increasing the viscosity of blood, you may have to undergo training thrombot ic infarction and stroke. The effects may also occur long after discontinuation. Beta-blockers: used for sports that require control of tremor of the hands, hea rt rate, anxiety. Reduce pressure and heart rate. Causing sudden and excessive s lowing of the heartbeat, which can result in a reduction in blood pressure, card iac arrest and sudden death. -Cocaine, many athletes believe can increase sports performance and reduce response times and neuromotor fatigue. An abuse causes i rritability, insomnia, weight loss, bronchitis, until depression, damage to the central nervous system and nasal septum perforation. The overdose leads to death by respiratory paralysis. -Cannabinoids: never shown to use marijuana enhances the ability of muscles, even a possible abuse can 4 5 cause a decrease in muscle strength, but little paranoia and delusions of persec ution. 2.ÂLaw doping or doping state? Fortunately, to counter this growing phen omenon was made a law, dated November 2000, "Discipline of the health protection of sport and the fight against doping." It, in addition to defining the practic e of doping and to provide appropriate penalties, said that the Olympic Committe e and national sports federations have to "... adapt their behavior to the provi sions ..." of the law, "... including in particular the sanctions and disciplina ry procedures their members in case of doping or refusal to accept the checks. " Viewed thus, the scenario seems to be well defined and almost uplifting: Faced with a flood of illegal doping practices, contrasts a solid apparatus headed by institutional bodies, all the cones, which gives battle to a cleaner sport. Agai n, if we rely on what we are told by official sources, risk of precluding the tr uth. In this research work we are building a dossier submitted in 1997 by the Gr eens senator Fiorello Cortiana seventh Senate committee chaired by Senator Ossic ini. The argument raised in the dossier is that the doping state. It is argued t hat the CONI, which has total delegation of the State for Sport, has woven for a long time since the early eighties close collaboration with Professor Francesco Conconi, through which, on the pretext of research, "prepared "the best athlete s with the most advanced performance-enhancing drugs, that they might better par ticipate in the most important sports events, including, of course, the Olympics . The first discipline was concerned athletics, then cascade, cross country skii ng, cycling, canoeing. As evidence of this, be aware that the decision of the Ex ecutive Committee of the CONI number 614, provided for the appropriation of one hundred forty million dollars for the year 1996 to Professor Conconi and his tea m, has been calculated that in four years 1994-1998 less than four hundred milli on pounds was earmarked to Conconi, for unspecified purchases of "materials 5 6 consumption. It was really huge quantities of erythropoietin, an old acquaintanc e of the professor who already studied the effects and doses in 1979. Here are t he details of how the table is suddenly grown honors Italian medals in the Olymp ics after the "cure Conconi" City Montreal Moscow Atlanta Year 1976 1980 1996 2 8 14 13 Gold Silver Bronze 7 3 6 10 4 4 12 12 Los Angeles 1984 The wall of silence is hard to break, but some dissident voices that testify the validity of this thesis. Daniele Scarpa, Olympic canoeist Antonio Rossi with At lanta, said he was given no apparent need for the liposomes, which hides anaboli c drug and prohibited by the IOC and the World Cup in Mexico in 1994, the Federa tion has purposely avoided that lent itself to ritual doping control. This compl aint was removed from racing by CONI. Silvano Barco and Bruno Maddalin Chiaffoi, cross-country skiers, said he was the subject of numerous blood transfusions ma de by Professor Conconi even after 1985, when Health Minister Degan prohibits th e practice. Meanwhile, Justice has begun investigating: via pm Pierguido Soprani has opened an investigation which involved among others Professor Conconi, form er presidents of CONI Mario Pescante, Franco Carraro and Arrigo Gattai for consp iracy, fraud Sports and medication adverse effects. All acquitted for prescripti on of crimes imputed to them. According to Soprani sixty-three athletes were sub jected to treatment of EPO Conconi, gives rise to that among these names appear of absolute importance, that have brought success and the victories 6 7 nation described by the media "memorable examples, such as Gianni Bugno, Marco P antani, Maurizio Fondriest, Maurizio Damilano, Maurilio De Zolt, Marco Albarello and Manuela Di Centa. The Olympic pluricelebrata after his retirement, was the star of an amazing climb to the top of the major sports bodies, the first IOC me mber and, until recently, also vice president of CONI, the latter charge because they abandoned the ranks of elected parliamentary Force Italia.1 3. The most be autiful sport in the world in pharmacy! The world of football, although it seems impervious to drugs is heavily affected by it. The first to give importance to the problem of doping in football was in 1998 Zdenek Zeman.2 Following his state ment was taken in a lawsuit against Juventus, which culminated in 2004 with the sentence reached by the Court of Turin of his team doctor Riccardo AgricolaÂacc used of sporting fraud and administration of illicit drugs, including EPO. In De cember 2005 the Court of Appeal acquitted farm because at the time, between '94 and '98, had not yet been introduced anti-doping law. Among the few players on t he Italian scene who claims to be admitted to doping drugs are Giovanni Galeone, who played in Monza and Udinese and Carlo Petrini, the striker of the 70s, who played in several companies, including AC Milan, Torino, Roma, Bologna. Petrini is currently suffering from a brain tumor, which is reducing blindness: "All pla yers have taken advantage of us did not know what would happen. Many times while playing, we were willing to do what we ordered [...] The doctors filled me with crap and now they pay the consequences. " The height of hypocrisy it is reached at the Winter Olympics in Turin in 2006, w hen Di Centa, acclaimed by the entire stadium, has rewarded the world live broth er also runner for his victory. Journalists have woven the praises of Di Centa, "champion in sports as in life everyday, that is committed to a clean sport." 2 Emblematic this declaration by Zeman in July '98: "I wish that football came out from pharmacies and offices remained only financial and sports and entertainmen t." 1 7 8 Galeone, active in the same period Petrini says: "We gave everything from the Mi coren that gave clarity, the Nicorden, Micoren a stronger, full of ephedrine, th e Cortex, the Sustanol." 4. Doping: the whole world is country ... Of course the scourge of doping is not only Italy is a worldwide phenomenon, involving many a thletes of various disciplines. And if they were already talking about doping at the time of Fausto Coppi, when Campionissimo said that to hold the big cycling events all runners resorted to bombs, to draw more power from the muscles. The b ombs of the 50s were based solutions simpamina powerful stimulant of the central nervous system. Many have since been the unexplained deaths, suspected cases an d doping scandals worldwide. Let's see some: - the 1967 edition of the Tour de F rance, the English rider Tommy Simpson fell to the ground on Mont Vantoux. Letha l overdose of amphetamines for him - in pink Fiorentina 70s, three players were killed and five others have serious illnesses. In Saltutti died of a heart attac k in 2003 at the age of 56 anni.3 Ugo Ferrante died at 59 years for a squamous c ell carcinoma of the tonsil. With acute lymphoblastic leukemia caused the death of Beatrice Bruno Longoni 39 years.4 Peter is confined to a wheelchair for a car diac vasculopathy. Mimmo Caso cured 3 "He spent a thermos. We had to drink, we were told, because it was a coffee and we would have done well. I do not ever took coffee and I did not see the reason to start that night we played a game against such a prestigious Manchester Unite d (. ..) That coffee we had done well in the field, ran all twice. The next morn ing at the airport but I remember some faces ... we were keeping the hands, dest royed, and I do not know if it was only the fatigue the race. " In Saltutti. 4 " Since retirement I was getting phone calls Bruno kilometers, three quarters of a n hour stuff. Just as he spoke that he was attached to a drip. I was puzzled, ma de him constantly, during the week before the game after the game but he told me not to worry, that things were normal. So normal that Sunday evening and again on Monday could not sleep in the bed was all a tremor, a fit of nerves and muscl es spasms that reminded me of chickens after it pulled the neck. And he still re assure me, telling me that they were vitamins he took and that was disposing of. But never forget that in the crook of his left arm had three holes in purple pe rennials now. Those were the ' evidence 'of drip that made him when he played fo otball. " Gabriella Bernardini, widow of Bruno Beatrice. 8 9 - - - - - liver cancer. Giancarlo Antonioni survived a sudden heart attack that hit him in November 2004. Giancarlo De Sisti has suffered from a rare frontal brain absces s. In 2000 Massimo Mattolini underwent a liver transplant, died in 2002, the foo tballer Gianluca Signorini, hit Gehrig's syndrome. Said to have been subjected t o numerous leaks for no apparent reason for Voltaren and have taken and Neoton e safosfina directly into a vein and before matches. Signorini was teammate Andrea FortunatoÂJuventus defender for 23 years died in a fulminant leukemia. Current ly players Gehrig's disease deaths are 16, the thirty-nine American sprinter Flo rence Griffith Joyner died suddenly in 1998 choking during a seizure that takes into sleep. Among the 1984 Olympics and 1988 won three gold medals and two silve r. Still holds the record of 100 and 200 meters, Ben Johnson wins gold in 100 me ters at the Seoul Olympics with a record time of 9.79 seconds, but in his urine sample are tracked anabolic: broken the record, the gold goes to Carl Lewis admi ts that after years he made use of drugs and have been systematically covered by the American Federation that looked good from international bodies to denounce his positivity. Lewis has won ten Olympic medals, including nine gold, during th e Tour de France 1998, in the car of Willy Voet, the Festina team masseur, was f ound a large number of banned substances. Following searches in the hotels where they reside cyclists understand the transversality of doping in cycling, BALCO scandal broke in 2003: the California pharmaceutical company is accused of havin g produced and distributed performance-enhancing drugs, starting from the synthe tic steroid thg. The beneficiaries of the treatments are, among others, Marion J ones, three gold medals at the 2000 Olympics and Tim Montgomery, the man of 9.78 seconds in the 100 meters. The founder of BALCO, Victor Conte, a year later by the scandal, said: "The history of the Games is full of corruption, cover and do ping. This is not what people think. "About 9 10 Record of Montgomery says: "'legitimate, because it was obtained under the same conditions in which it was established the previous record, the old and even ear lier." And on Jones: "I gave her instructions and she is a shot while sitting ne xt to. " 5. The joke dell'antidoping. But why many athletes are doped, the dopin g controls they are not exposed? Because with the current controls you can not ( can you trust?) To discover the most advanced products and used as a hormone or GH dell'autoemotrasfusione practice, but amphetamines and little else. In fact a method for increasing the effectiveness of controls was found: the surprise tes t. Sandro Donati, an official of CONI's always at the forefront in the fight aga inst doping, which was among the inventors of spot checks, says in this regard: "From 1993 to 1996 we have developed a computerized mechanism. We could do about 1,000 tests a year completely by surprise, around 10-12 percent of the total of the sudden positive triples. Pity that these tests have just begun to operate, the "machine" has been blocked and Donati is now unused, on the edge of life by CONI. Incisive little tests? "If in order to develop a method for identifying ne w substances takes ten or twelve years, as was the case for the EPO and as yet d oes not happen with GH - Donati says - it is clear that the controls are water." Yet the IOC and CONI always ensure that tests are accurate and are guarantors o f clarity of sports scores ... It 's good to recall here the case of anti-doping laboratory of Acquacetosa: the center of the property was in charge of CONI, un ique in Italy, control samples urine of athletes tested at. Following an investi gation of Turin Guariniello pm, it was discovered that the tubes were analyzed p layers casually, not looking for example the presence of steroids. 10 11 6. The athlete of 2000? A cyborg! And while studying new methodologies capable o f identifying more new concoctions, is already talk of genetic doping. Lee Sween ey, a researcher at the University of Pennsylvania was among the few to warn: th e first experiments made on rats have shown increased muscle mass, both in size and strength, 15 to 30 percent. Exactly. 11 12 7. Main sources. Community-New, Doping off side, Zelig publisher -www.sportpro.i t/doping/bkdopinc.htm -www.fiorentinanews.com/index.php? Action = read & id = 15 062 -www.canoarepublic.it/news/news.asp ? N = 368 -www2.raisport.rai.it/news/inc hieste/doping / -www.ilcassetto.it/notizia.php? tid = 286 12 13 8. Material for more details. "Good blood does not lie. The process to Juventus told by the "great enemy" by Joseph D'Onofrio. - "Poison ball" mysterious deaths , and suspected doping in Italian football socks Fabrizio and Massimo Castellani Bradipolibri. -Doping Anti-Doping St. David Ferrara & Partners; edition Piccin; Libraria Piccin Nuova SpA - Padua.ÂMassacre-chain. Revelations about thirty ye ars of cheating by Willy Voet Bradipolibri. In the mud-ball of the god of Carlo Petrini Kaos editions. Calcium-mouth survey of television program "Report" Raidu e by Paolo and Alessandra Mondani Anzolin. Community-New, Doping off side, Zelig publisher. May-June 2006 13