ACI Design Aids

DESIGN AID J.
1-1
Areas of Reinforcing Bars
Total Areas of Bars (in.2)

Bar Number of Bars
Size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
No. 3 0.11 0.22 0.33 0.44 0.55 0.66 0.77 0.88 0.99 1.10
No. 4 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00
No. 5 0.31 0.62 0.93 1.24 1.55 1.86 2.17 2.48 2.79 3.10
No. 6 0.44 0.88 1.32 1.76 2.20 2.64 3.08 3.52 3.96 4.40
No. 7 0.60 1.20 1.80 2.40 3.00 3.60 4.20 4.80 5.40 6.00
No. 8 0.79 1.58 2.37 3.16 3.95 4.74 5.53 6.32 7.11 7.90
No. 9 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00
No. 10 1.27 2.54 3.81 5.08 6.35 7.62 8.89 10.16 11.43 12.70
No. 11 1.56 3.12 4.68 6.24 7.80 9.36 10.92 12.48 14.04 15.60
Areas of Bars per Foot Width of Slab (in.2/ft)

Bar Bar Spacing (in.)
Size 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
No. 3 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07
No. 4 0.40 0.34 0.30 0.27 0.24 0.22 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.13
No. 5 0.62 0.53 0.46 0.41 0.37 0.34 0.31 0.29 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.21
No. 6 0.88 0.75 0.66 0.59 0.53 0.48 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.31 0.29
No. 7 1.20 1.03 0.90 0.80 0.72 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.51 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.40
No. 8 1.58 1.35 1.18 1.05 0.95 0.86 0.79 0.73 0.68 0.63 0.59 0.56 0.53
No. 9 2.00 1.71 1.50 1.33 1.20 1.09 1.00 0.92 0.86 0.80 0.75 0.71 0.67
No. 10 2.54 2.18 1.91 1.69 1.52 1.39 1.27 1.17 1.09 1.02 0.95 0.90 0.85
No. 11 3.12 2.67 2.34 2.08 1.87 1.70 1.56 1.44 1.34 1.25 1.17 1.10 1.04
DESIGN AID J.1-2
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Uniformly distributed load wu (L/D d3)

Two or more spans
,QWHJUDOZLWK Prismatic members 6LPSOH
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"n"nd"n "n "n
wu" n wu" n wu" n Positive

Moment

Spandrel wu" n wu" navg wu" navg wu" n wu" n
Support

Column wu" n Negative

Support Moment

wu" n wu " navg wu " navg wu" n wu " n
Note A

wu" n wu" n wu" n wu" n wu" n wu" n
Shear

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DESIGN AID J.1-3
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DESIGN AID J.1-4
Simplified Calculation of As Assuming Tension-Controlled Section and

Grade 60 Reinforcement
f c (psi) As (in.2)
Mu
3,000
3.84d
Mu
4,000
4.00d
Mu
5,000
4.10d
M u is in ft-kips and d is in inches
Mu
In all cases, As = can be used.
4d
Notes:
Mu
As =
0.5 f y
f y 1 d
0.85 f ' c
For all values of < 0.0125, the simplified As equation is slightly conservative.
It is recommended to avoid > 0.0125 when using the simplified As equation.
DESIGN AID J.1-51
0LQLPXP1XPEHURI5HLQIRUFLQJ%DUV5HTXLUHGLQD6LQJOH/D\HU

Assumptions:
x *UDGHUHLQIRUFHPHQW f y SVL
x &OHDUFRYHUWRWKHWHQVLRQUHLQIRUFHPHQW cc LQ
x &DOFXODWHGVWUHVV f s LQUHLQIRUFHPHQWFORVHVWWRWKHWHQVLRQIDFHDW
VHUYLFHORDG SVL
Bar Beam Width (in.)

Size
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
Minimum number of bars, nmim:
bw 2(cc 0.5db )
nmin 1
s
GV
where db sIRU1RVWLUUXSV
U
40,000
s 15 2.5cc sIRU1RVWLUUXSV
fs FF
s
40,000 sFOHDU
d 12 FV
&OHDUVSDFHt GE
f s PD[DJJUHJDWHVL]H
FF EZ
1
Alsamsam, I.M. and Kamara, M. E. (2004). Simplified Design Reinforced Concrete Buildings of
Moderate Size and Heights, EB104, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL.
DESIGN AID J.1-61
0D[LPXP1XPEHURI5HLQIRUFLQJ%DUV3HUPLWWHGLQD6LQJOH/D\HU

Assumptions:
x *UDGHUHLQIRUFHPHQW f y NVL
x &OHDUFRYHUWRWKHVWLUUXSV cs LQ
x LQDJJUHJDWH
x 1RVWLUUXSVDUHXVHGIRU1RDQG1RORQJLWXGLQDOEDUVDQG1R
VWLUUXSVDUHXVHGIRU1RDQGODUJHUEDUV
Bar Beam Width (in.)

Size
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
1R
Maximum number of bars, nmax:
bw 2(cs d s r )
nmax 1
(Clear space) db GV
db sIRU1RVWLUUXSV
U
sIRU1RVWLUUXSV
FF
s
sFOHDU &OHDUVSDFHt GE
FV
PD[DJJUHJDWHVL]H
FF EZ
1
Alsamsam, I.M. and Kamara, M. E. (2004). Simplified Design Reinforced Concrete Buildings of
Moderate Size and Heights, EB104, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL.
DESIGN AID J.1-7
0LQLPXP7KLFNQHVVhIRU%HDPVDQG2QH:D\6ODEV8QOHVV'HIOHFWLRQVDUH
&DOFXODWHG

h t " 1 / 18.5 h t " 2 / 21 h t "3 /8

Beams or
Ribbed
One-way
Slabs 2QHHQG %RWKHQGV &DQWLOHYHU
FRQWLQXRXV FRQWLQXRXV
"1 "2 "3
h t " 1 / 24 h t " 2 / 28 h t " 3 / 10

Solid
One-way
Slabs
2QHHQG %RWKHQGV &DQWLOHYHU
FRQWLQXRXV FRQWLQXRXV
"1 "2 "3
x Applicable to one-way construction not supporting or attached to partitions or other construction likely to be
damaged by large deflections.

3
x Values shown are applicable to members with normal weight concrete ( wc 145 lbs/ft ) and Grade 60
reinforcement. For other conditions, modify the values as follows:
For structural lightweight having wc in the range 90-120 lbs/ft3, multiply the values by
1.65 0.005wc t 1.09.

For f y other than 60,000 psi, multiply the values by 0.4 f y / 100,000 .
" / 20 for solid one - way slabs

x For simply-supported members, minimum h
" / 16 for beams or ribbed one - way slabs
DESIGN AID J.1-8
Reinforcement Ratio t for Tension-Controlled Sections Assuming Grade 60
Reinforcement
f c (psi) t when t = 0.005 t when t = 0.004

3,000 0.01355 0.01548
4,000 0.01806 0.02064
5,000 0.02125 0.02429
Notes:
1. C = 0.85 f ' c (1c )b

T = As f y
C = T 0.85 f ' c (1c )b = As f y
a. When t = 0.005, c/dt = 3/8.

( )
0.85 f ' c 1 3 d t b = As f y
8
As 0.851 f c( 3 )
t = = 8
bd t fy
b. When t = 0.004, c/dt = 3/7.

( )
0.85 f ' c 1 3 d t b = As f y
7
As 0.851 f c( 3 )
t = = 7
bd t fy
2. 1 is determined according to 10.2.7.3.

DESIGN AID J.1-9
Simplified Calculation of bw Assuming Grade 60 Reinforcement and

= 0.5 max
f c (psi) bw (in.)*
31.6 M u
3,000
d2
23.7 M u
4,000
d2
20.0 M u
5,000
d2
* M u is in ft-kips and d is in inches
In general:
36,600 M u
bw =
1 f c (1 0.2143 1 )d 2
where = / max , f c is in psi, d is in inches and M u is in ft-kips
and
0.851 f c 0.003
max = (10.3.5)
fy 0.004 + 0.003
DESIGN AID J.1-10
T-beam Construction
8.12
be1 be 2
h = hf
bw1 bw2 bw3

s1 s2
Span length Span length

bw1 + 12 4

be1 bw1 + 6h be 2 bw2 + 16h
3b b s b b +b s +s
w1 w2 + 1 w2 w1 w3 + 1 2
4 4 2 2 4 2
be 4bw
bw
h = hf
2
bw
Isolated T-beam
DESIGN AID J.1-11
Values of Vs = Vu Vc (kips) as a Function of the Spacing, s*
s No. 3 U-stirrups No. 4 U-stirrups No. 5 U-stirrups

d/2 19.8 36.0 55.8
d/3 29.7 54.0 83.7
d/4 39.6 72.0 111.6
* Valid for Grade 60 ( f yt = 60 ksi) stirrups with 2 legs (double the tabulated values for
4 legs, etc.).
In general:
Av f yt d
Vs = (11.4.7.2)
s
where f yt used in design is limited to 60,000 psi, except for welded deformed wire
reinforcement, which is limited to 80,000 psi (11.4.2).
DESIGN AID J.1-12
Minimum Shear Reinforcement Av,min / s *
Av,min in.2
f c (psi)
s in.

4,500 0.00083bw
5,000 0.00088bw
* Valid for Grade 60 ( f yt = 60 ksi) shear reinforcement.
In general:
Av,min bw 50bw
= 0.75 f c Eq. (11-13)
s f yt f yt
where f yt used in design is limited to 60,000 psi, except for welded deformed wire
reinforcement, which is limited to 80,000 psi (11.4.2).
DESIGN AID J.1-13
Torsional Section Properties
Section* Acp pcp Aoh ph

Edge bw be = h - hf 4hf
bwh + behf 2(h + bw + be) x1y1 2(x1 + y1)
hff
h
hh yyo
1
x1 = bw - 2c - ds
y1 = h - 2c - ds
x1
Interior
be = bw + 2(h - hf) bw + 8hf
xxo1
hhf bw(h - hf) + behf 2(h + be) x1y1 2(x1 + y1)

f
h yyo
1
x1 = bw - 2c - ds
y1 = h - 2c - ds
bw
L-shaped
bb11
x1
b1h1 + b2h2 2(h1 + h2 + b2) x1y1 + x2y2 2(x1 + x2 + y1)
x2 h1 x1 = b1 - 2c - ds
yy11 y1 = h1 + h2 - 2c - ds
x2 = b2 - b1
y2 = h2 - 2c - ds
y2 h2
b2
Inverted tee
b1
x1
b1h1 + b2h2 2(h1 + h2 + b2) x1y1 + 2x2y2 2(x1 + 2x2 + y1)

x2 h1 x1 = b1 - 2c - ds
y1 = h1 + h2 - 2c - ds
y1
x2 = (b2 - b1)/2
y2 h2 y2 = h2 - 2c - ds
b2
* Notation: xi, yi = center-to-center dimension of closed rectangular stirrup

c = clear cover to closed rectangular stirrup(s)
ds = diameter of closed rectangular stirrup(s)
2
Note: Neglect overhanging flanges in cases where Acp / pcp calculated for a beam with
flanges is less than that computed for the same beam ignoring the flanges (11.5.1.1).
DESIGN AID J.1-14
Moment of Inertia of Cracked Section Transformed to Concrete, I cr
Cracked Transformed Cracked Moment of Inertia, I cr

Gross Section
Section
b b
b(kd )3
I cr = + nAs (d kd ) 2
kd 3
n.a. d where
h
2dB + 1 1
As nAs kd =
B
b b(kd ) 3
b d I cr = + nAs (d kd ) 2
3
kd
As + (n 1) As (kd d ) 2
n.a.
h (n 1)As d
where
rd
As nAs
+ (1 + r ) (1 + r )
2
2dB + 1 +
d
kd =
B
---continued next page---

I g = bh 3 / 12
n = E s / Ec
B = b /(nAs )
r = (n 1) As /(nAs )
DESIGN AID J.1-14
Moment of Inertia of Cracked Section Transformed to Concrete, I cr

(continued)
Cracked
Gross Section Transformed Cracked Moment of Inertia, I cr
Section
b b (b bw )h 3f b (kd ) 3
I cr = + w
hf 12 3
kd
2
h d hf
+ (b bw )h f kd
n.a.
2
As nAs
+ nAs (d kd ) 2
bw
where
C (2d + h f f ) + (1 + f ) 2 (1 + f )
kd =
C
b b d
(b bw )h 3f b (kd ) 3
I cr = + w
hf 12 3
kd
2
As d hf
yt
h (n 1)As n.a.
+ (b bw )h f kd

As nAs 2
+ nAs (d kd ) 2 + (n 1) As (kd d ) 2
bw
where
C (2d + h f f + 2rd ) + (1 + r + f ) 2 (1 + r + f )
kd =
C
yt = h {0.5[(b bw )h 2f + bw h 2 ] /[(b bw )h f + bw h]}
I g = (b bw )h 3f / 12 + bw h 3 / 12 + (b bw )h f (h 0.5h f yt ) 2 + bw h( yt 0.5h) 2
n = E s / Ec
C = bw /(nAs )
f = h f (b bw ) /(nAs )
r = (n 1) As /(nAs )
DESIGN AID J.1-15
Approximate Equation to Determine Immediate Deflection, i , for Members

Subjected to Uniformly Distributed Loads
5 KM a 2
i =
48 Ec I e
where M a = net midspan moment or cantilever moment
= span length (8.9)

Ec = modulus of elasticity of concrete (8.5.1)
= w1c.5 33 f c for values of wc between 90 and 155 pcf
wc = unit weight of concrete
I e = effective moment of inertia (see Flowchart A.1-5.1)

K = constant that depends on the span condition
Span Condition K
Cantilever* 2.0
Simple 1.0
Continuous 1.2 0.2( M o / M a )**
* Deflection due to rotation at supports not included
** M o = w 2 / 8 (simple span moment at midspan)

DESIGN AID J.2-1

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D f "
d d
D f "

Ecb I b
ZKHUH Df (T
Ecs I s
Ec PRGXOXVRIHODVWLFLW\RIFRQFUHWH
wc f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI
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Page 1 of 11

DESIGN AID J.2-2

'HILQLWLRQVRI&ROXPQ6WULSDQG0LGGOH6WULS

(""2)B
Minimum of "1/4 or ("2)B/4

(""2)A
-Middle strip
Column strip
-Middle strip
"1
Minimum of "1/4 or ("2)A/4

Page 2 of 11

DESIGN AID J.2-3

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K

K

K

K

K

K

K

K

" n t "

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Page 3 of 11

DESIGN AID J.2-4
'HVLJQ0RPHQW&RHIILFLHQWVXVHGZLWKWKH'LUHFW'HVLJQ0HWKRG

Flat Plate or Flat Slab
Flat Plate or Flat Slab with Spandrel Beams

6HH 'HVLJQ $LG - IRU GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI E t
Page 4 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-4


FRQWLQXHG

Flat Plate or Flat Slab with End Span Integral with Wall
Flat Plate or Flat Slab with End Span Simply Supported on Wall
Page 5 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-4


FRQWLQXHG

Two-Way Beam-Supported Slab
6HH 'HVLJQ $LGV - DQG - IRU GHWHUPLQDWLRQ RI D f DQG E t UHVSHFWLYHO\

1RWHV
x 0RLVGHILQHGSHU
Page 6 of 11

DESIGN AID J.2-5

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Interior Beam Edge Beam

C "2
C
"2
CL

Slab, Is Slab, Is
h h
a a
Beam, Ib Beam, Ib

b
b

beff = b + 2(a h) d b + 8h beff = b + (a h) d b + 4h

Ecb I b
Df (T
Ecs I s

Ec PRGXOXVRIHODVWLFLW\RIFRQFUHWH
wc f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI

Is " h

ah h
Ib ba h ba h yb
beff h beff h a yb

ZKHUH

h b
beff h a a h

yb
beff h ba h
Page 7 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-6

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Interior Beam C C
"2

h
a

b

beff = b + 2(a h) d b + 8h

Case A
y2 y2

x x y
x2C A
x1 y

x x y

y
y1
Case B
y2

x x y
x2C B
y
x1

x x y

y
y1
C PD[LPXPRI C A DQG C B
Ecb C
Et (T
Ecs I s
ZKHUH I s " h DQG E wc f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI

Page 8 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-6
&RPSXWDWLRQRI7RUVLRQDO6WLIIQHVV)DFWRU E t IRU7DQG/6HFWLRQV

FRQWLQXHG

CL
Edge Beam "2

h
a

b

beff = b + (a h) d b + 4h

Case A
y2
x2 x x y
x1 CA
y

x x y

y
y1
Case B
y2

x x y
x2 CB
y
x1

x x y

y
y1
C PD[LPXPRI C A DQG C B
Ecb C
Et (T
Ecs I s
ZKHUH I s " h DQG E wc f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI
Page 9 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-7

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cN cF "
c N cF

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c N " cN "
k NF C NF &RHIILFLHQW m NF

6ODEEHDPVWLIIQHVV K sb k NF Ecs I sb "
)L[HGHQGPRPHQW FEM m FN qu " "

$SSOLFDEOHZKHUH c N c F DQG c N c F DQGDXQLIRUPO\GLVWULEXWHGORDG qu
DFWVRYHUWKHHQWLUHVSDQOHQJWK6HHPCA Notes on ACI 318-11IRURWKHUFDVHVLQFOXGLQJ
FRQVWDQWVIRUPHPEHUVZLWKGURSSDQHOV
Page 10 of 11
DESIGN AID J.2-8

6WLIIQHVVDQG&DUU\2YHU)DFWRUVIRU&ROXPQV

$
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%

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H "c
k AB C AB

K c AB k AB Ecc I c " c

&ROXPQVWLIIQHVV
K k BA Ecc I c " c
c BA

6HHPCA Notes on ACI 318-11IRURWKHUFDVHVLQFOXGLQJIDFWRUVIRUPHPEHUVZLWKGURS
SDQHOVDQGFROXPQFDSLWDOV
Page 11 of 11
COLUMNS 3.4.4 - Nominal load-moment strength interaction diagram, R6-60.9
1.6
INTERACTION DIAGRAM R6-60.9 h
h
g = 0.08
f /c = 6 ksi
fy = 60 ksi
1.4 0.07 = 0.9
0.06 Kmax
1.2 0.05 Pn
e
0.04
fs/fy = 0
0.03
1.0
0.02
0.25
Ag
0.01
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4 1.0
t=
t = 0 0.0035
t = 0 .0040
.005
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
Rn = Pn e / f / c Ag h
1.6
h
f /c = 6 ksi
g = 0.08
fy = 60 ksi
1.4 = 0.8
0.07
0.06 Kmax
1.2 0.05 Pn
e
0.04
1.0 0.03
fs/fy = 0
0.02
Ag
0.01
0.8 0.25
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
1.0
t
t = =0 0.0035
.0
t = 0 0 40
0.2 .005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
1.6
h
f /c = 6 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.4 = 0.7
0.07
0.06 Kmax
1.2 0.05 Pn
e
0.04
1.0 0.03
fs/fy = 0
0.02
Ag
0.01
0.8
c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.6 0.50
0.75
0.4
1.0
t =t = 0.0035
t = 0. 0040
0.2 0 .0 0 5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
1.6
g = 0.08 h
f /c = 6 ksi
fy = 60 ksi
0.07
1.4 = 0.6
0.06
Kmax
0.05
1.2 Pn
e
0.04
0.03
1.0 0.02
0.01 fs/fy = 0
Ag
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.25
0.6
0.50
0.4
0.75

t t = 0.0
= 0. 03 5
t 0 1.0
0.2 = 0 . 0 40
0 05
0.0
0.000 0.025 0.050 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225 0.250 0.275
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.6
= 0.9
0.07
Kmax
1.4 0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.2 0.04 fs/fy = 0
0.03
1.0
0.02
Ag
0.25
c
/
0.01
Kn = Pn / f
0.8 0.50
0.6 0.75
1.0
0.4
t = 0.0035
t = 0.00
t = 0.00540
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.6
= 0.8
0.07
1.4 0.06
Kmax
e Pn
0.05
1.2
0.04
fs/fy = 0
0.03
1.0
Ag
0.02
c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4 1.0
t = 0. 35
t = 0.0000
t = 0.00540
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
1.6 g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
= 0.7
0.07
1.4 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.2
0.04
fs/fy = 0
0.03
1.0
0.02
Ag c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
t 1.0
t = = 0. 0 0 3 5
t = 0.0040
0.2 0 . 00 5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
1.6 fy = 60 ksi
g = 0.08
= 0.6
0.07
1.4 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.2
0.04
0.03
fs/fy = 0
1.0
Ag
0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8 0.25
0.6 0.50
0.4 0.75

t t = 0. 00
= 0.
t 0 35 1.0
0.2 = 0. 040
00 5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
2.0
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 4 ksi
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.9
1.6 0.06
Kmax
e Pn
0.05
1.4
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.2
0.03
0.25
Ag
0.02
1.0
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01 0.50
0.8
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t = 0.00
t = 0.004035
t = 0.005
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
2.0
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 4 ksi
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.8
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.4
0.04 fs/fy = 0
1.2
0.03
Ag
0.25
1.0 0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.50
0.8
0.6 0.75
1.0
0.4
t=
t = 00.0035
t = 0 .0040
.005
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
2.0
h
f /c = 4 ksi
g = 0.08
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07
= 0.7
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
1.4 0.05
0.04
fs/fy = 0
1.2
0.03
Ag
1.0 0.02
c
0.25
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
1.0
t t = 0 .0
t = 0.004035
= 0.
0.2 00 5 0
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
2.0
h
f /c = 4 ksi
g = 0.08
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
= 0.6
0.07
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
1.4 0.05
0.04
1.2 fs/fy = 0
0.03
Ag
1.0 0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.25
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4

t t = 0 . 00
= 0.
t 0 35 1.0
0.2 = 0. 0 40
00 5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
2.4
g = 0.08 h
f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.9
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05
1.6 fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.4
0.03
0.25
Ag
1.2
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
1.0 0.50
0.01
0.8
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t = 0.0035
t = 0.00
t = 0.0040
5
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65
2.4
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.8
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05
1.6
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.4
0.03
Ag
1.2 0.25
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
1.0
0.01 0.50
0.8
0.75
0.6
0.4 1.0
t = 0.0035
t = 0.00
t = 0.00540
0.2
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60
2.4
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.7
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05
1.6
0.04 fs/fy = 0
1.4
Ag
0.03
1.2
c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
1.0
0.01
0.50
0.8
0.75
0.6
0.4
1.0
t t = 0. 0 0
t = 0.00435
= 0.
0.2 00 5 0
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50
2.4
h
f /c = 3 ksi
2.2 g = 0.08
fy = 60 ksi
= 0.6
0.07
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05
1.6
0.04
1.4 fs/fy = 0
Ag
0.03
1.2
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02 0.25
1.0
0.01
0.8 0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4

t t = 0 .0
t = 0.0 035
0.2 = 0 04 1.0
.0 0
5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
COLUMNS 3.16.4 - Nominal load-moment strength interaction diagram, C6-60.9
1.6
INTERACTION DIAGRAM C6-60.9 h
h
f /c = 6 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.4
0.07
= 0.9
Kmax
0.06
1.2 0.05 Pn
e
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.0 0.03
0.02
0.25
Ag
0.01
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4 1.0
t = 0.0035
t = 0.004
0.2 t = 0.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
1.6
h
f /c = 6 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.4
= 0.8
0.07
Kmax
0.06
1.2 Pn
0.05 e
0.04
fs/fy = 0
1.0 0.03
0.02
Ag
0.25
0.01
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
1.0
t=0
.0
t = 0 03 5
0.2 t=0
.004
.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
1.6
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 6 ksi
fy = 60 ksi
1.4 0.07
= 0.7
0.06
Kmax
0.05
1.2 Pn
e
0.04
0.03
1.0 fs/fy = 0
0.02
0.01
Ag
0.8
c
0.25
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.6 0.50
0.75
0.4
t 1.0
=
t 0.0035
0.2 t = 0. 00
= 0. 4
0 05
0.0
0.000 0.025 0.050 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225 0.250
1.6
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 6 ksi
fy = 60 ksi
1.4 0.07 = 0.6
0.06
Kmax
0.05
1.2 Pn
e
0.04
0.03
1.0
0.02
fs/fy = 0
0.01
Ag
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.25
0.6
0.50
0.4
0.75
t
t = 0. 0
0.2 t = 03
= 0 0.004 5 1.0
. 00
5
0.0
0.000 0.025 0.050 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
1.6 g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
= 0.9
0.07
1.4 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05
fs/fy = 0
1.2
0.04
0.03
1.0 0.25
Ag
0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8 0.50
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t=0
.0
t = 0 03 5
.004
0.2 t=0
.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
1.6 g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
= 0.8
0.07
Kmax
1.4
0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.2 fs/fy = 0
0.04
0.03
1.0
0.25
0.02
Ag c
/
0.01
K n = Pn / f
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4 1.0
t=0
.0
t = 0 035
0.2 .004
t=0
.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
1.6 fy = 60 ksi
g = 0.08
= 0.7
0.07
1.4 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05
1.2
0.04 fs/fy = 0
0.03
1.0
Ag
0.02
c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
1.0

t t== 0.0035
0.2 t = 0 .0 0 4
0.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
/
Rn = Pn e / f c
Ag h
1.8
h
f /c = 5 ksi
g = 0.08
1.6 fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.6
0.06 Kmax
1.4
e Pn
0.05
1.2 0.04
0.03
fs/fy = 0
1.0 0.02
Ag
0.01
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.8 0.25
0.6 0.50
0.4 0.75
t
=
0.2 t 0 . 003 5
= 0. 1.0
t 004
= 0.
00 5
0.0
0.000 0.025 0.050 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225
2.0
h
g = 0.08
f /c = 4 ksi
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.9
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
0.05 fs/fy = 0
1.4
0.04
1.2
0.25
0.03
Ag
1.0 0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.01
0.8
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t=0
.0
t = 0 03 5
.004
t=0
0.2 .005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
2.0
h
f /c = 4 ksi
g = 0.08
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07
= 0.8
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
1.4 0.05
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.2
0.03
0.25
Ag
1.0 0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01 0.50
0.8
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t=
t = 00.0035
0.2 t = 0 .004
.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
2.0
h
f /c = 4 ksi
1.8 g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
= 0.7
0.07
1.6 Kmax
0.06
e Pn
1.4 0.05
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.2
0.03
0.25
Ag
1.0 0.02
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8 0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
1.0
t
=
t 0.0035
= 0.
0.2 t 004
= 0.
005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
2.0
g = 0.08 h
f /c = 4 ksi
1.8 fy = 60 ksi
0.07
= 0.6
1.6 0.06 Kmax
e Pn
0.05
1.4
0.04
fs/fy = 0
1.2 0.03
Ag
0.02
1.0
c
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.01
0.8
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4
t
=0
t .
0.2 t = 0 0035 1.0
=0 .00
.00 4
5
0.0
0.000 0.025 0.050 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150 0.175 0.200 0.225 0.250 0.275
2.4
g = 0.08 h
f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07 = 0.9
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05 fs/fy = 0
1.6
0.04
1.4 0.25
Ag
0.03
c
1.2
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
0.50
1.0
0.01
0.8 0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t = 0.00
t = 0.00435
0.2 t = 0.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55
/
Rn = Pn e / f c Ag h
2.4
h
g = 0.08 f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07
= 0.8
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05 fs/fy = 0
1.6
0.04
1.4
0.03 0.25
Ag
1.2
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
1.0 0.50
0.01
0.8
0.75
0.6
1.0
0.4
t=
t = 0.0035
0.2 t = 0 . 00 4
0.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
2.4
/ h
g = 0.08
f c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
= 0.7
2.0 0.07
Kmax
1.8 0.06
Pn
e
1.6 0.05
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.4
Ag
0.03
c
1.2
/
0.25
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
1.0
0.01 0.50
0.8
0.75
0.6
0.4
t 1.0
t = 0.00
0.2 t = 0.0 35
= 0 04
.00
5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40
/
Rn = Pn e / f c Ag h
2.4
g = 0.08
h
f /c = 3 ksi
2.2
fy = 60 ksi
0.07
= 0.6
2.0
Kmax
0.06
1.8 Pn
e
0.05
1.6
0.04
fs/fy = 0
1.4
0.03
Ag
1.2
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.02
0.25
1.0 0.01
0.8 0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4

t t = 0.0
= 0 03
0.2 t . 00 5
=0 4 1.0
. 00
5
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
1.6
h
f /c = 6 ksi
g = 0.08 fy = 60 ksi
1.4
0.07
= 0.9
Kmax
0.06
1.2 0.05 Pn
e
fs/fy = 0
0.04
1.0 0.03
0.02
0.25
Ag
0.01
0.8
c
/
Kn = Pn / f
0.50
0.6
0.75
0.4 1.0
t = 0.0035
t = 0.004
0.2 t = 0.005
0.0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30

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DESIGN AID J.

Total Areas of Bars (in.2)

Areas of Bars per Foot Width of Slab (in.2/ft)

Uniformly distributed load wu (L/D d3)

wu" n wu" n wu" n Positive

Column wu" n Negative

wu " n 1RWH$ $SSOLFDEOHWRVODEVZLWKVSDQV d IW

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HW  HW 

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2WKHU I   > FG W   @

Simplified Calculation of As Assuming Tension-Controlled Section and

M u is in ft-kips and d is in inches

Bar Beam Width (in.)

Minimum number of bars, nmim:

Bar Beam Width (in.)

Maximum number of bars, nmax:

h t " 1 / 18.5 h t " 2 / 21 h t "3 /8

"1 "2 "3

h t " 1 / 24 h t " 2 / 28 h t " 3 / 10

"1 "2 "3

" / 20 for solid one - way slabs

f c (psi) t when t = 0.005 t when t = 0.004

1. C = 0.85 f ' c (1c )b

a. When t = 0.005, c/dt = 3/8.

b. When t = 0.004, c/dt = 3/7.

2. 1 is determined according to 10.2.7.3.

Simplified Calculation of bw Assuming Grade 60 Reinforcement and

* M u is in ft-kips and d is in inches

where = / max , f c is in psi, d is in inches and M u is in ft-kips

bw1 bw2 bw3

Span length Span length

Values of Vs = Vu Vc (kips) as a Function of the Spacing, s*

s No. 3 U-stirrups No. 4 U-stirrups No. 5 U-stirrups

Minimum Shear Reinforcement Av,min / s *

* Valid for Grade 60 ( f yt = 60 ksi) shear reinforcement.

Section* Acp pcp Aoh ph

hhf bw(h - hf) + behf 2(h + be) x1y1 2(x1 + y1)

b1h1 + b2h2 2(h1 + h2 + b2) x1y1 + 2x2y2 2(x1 + 2x2 + y1)

* Notation: xi, yi = center-to-center dimension of closed rectangular stirrup

Moment of Inertia of Cracked Section Transformed to Concrete, I cr

Cracked Transformed Cracked Moment of Inertia, I cr

---continued next page---

Moment of Inertia of Cracked Section Transformed to Concrete, I cr

yt = h {0.5[(b bw )h 2f + bw h 2 ] /[(b bw )h f + bw h]}

Approximate Equation to Determine Immediate Deflection, i , for Members

where M a = net midspan moment or cantilever moment

= span length (8.9)

= w1c.5 33 f c for values of wc between 90 and 155 pcf

wc = unit weight of concrete

I e = effective moment of inertia (see Flowchart A.1-5.1)

Continuous 1.2 0.2( M o / M a )**

* Deflection due to rotation at supports not included

** M o = w 2 / 8 (simple span moment at midspan)

wc  f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI

Minimum of "1/4 or ("2)B/4

Minimum of "1/4 or ("2)A/4

Flat Plate or Flat Slab with Spandrel Beams

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wc  f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI

1.2 0.04 fs/fy = 0

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wu" n wu" n wu" n Positive

Column wu" n Negative

wu " n 1RWH$ $SSOLFDEOHWRVODEVZLWKVSDQV d IW

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HW HW

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wc f cc IRUYDOXHVRI wc EHWZHHQDQGSFI

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