DRUG THEREPEUTIC RECORD

DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NSG.

RESPONSIBILITIES
Risperidone, 2mg, THERAPEUTIC Schizophrenia, CNS: parkinsonism, BEFORE:
1tab CLASS: Irritability, suicide attempt,
Per orem, Hours of Antipsychotic including somnolence, Obtain
sleep aggression, akathisia, agitation, baseline BP
PHARMACOLOGIC self injury and anxiety, dizziness, and monitored
CLASS: temper fever, impaired Assess for
Benzisozole tantrums concentration, hypersensitivit
dermative associated abnormal thinking, y
with an dreaming tremor, DURING:
MECHANISM OF autistic fatigue, depression Advise patient
ACTION: disorder. CV: tachycardia, to avoid
orthostatic alcohol
Blocks CONTRAINDICATIO hypotension, Warn patient
dopamine and N: peripheral edema, to avoid
5h2 receptors HPN, syncope activities that
in the brain. Hypersensitive EENT: rhinitis, require
to drug and in sinusitis, alertness
breastfeeding pharyngitis, double Instructed
women vision patient to
Caution in GI: constipation, avoid too
patients with nausea, vomiting, much heat
increase QT abdominal pain, environment
interval anorexia, dry mouth, AFTER:
increased saliva, Provide O2
diarrhea, when
GU: urinary necessary
incontinence, Asses for pain
increased urination, Advise patient
abnormal orgasm to take gum or
Metabolic: weight hard candy
gain, Monitor for S/S
hyperglycemia , of overdose
weight loss (Drowsiness,
Musculoskeletal: sedation,
arthralgia, back pain, tachycardia,
limb pain, myalgia, hpn, EPS,
seizures
Respiratory: Instruct to do
dyspnea, coughing, DBE
upper respiratory Encourage
tract infection Oral hygiene
Skin: rash, dry skin, Course Pt. to
photosensitivity, take high fiber
acne diet
Other: tooth Instruct Pt. to
disorder, decreased elevate feet if
libido, tooth ache not
contraindicate
d
 DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS SIDE EFFCETS NSG.
RESPONSIBILITIES

DIAZEPAM, 5mg, 1 THERAPEUTIC -Anxiety CNS: drowsiness, BEFORE:

tablet/ day, per CLASS: -Muscle Spasm dysarthria, slurred -Monitored V/S and
orem, hours of sleep Anxiolytic -Tetanus speech, tremor, BP
transient amnesia, -Assessed for
PHARMACOLOGIC CONTAINDICATION: fatigue, ataxia, hypersensitivity
CLASS: -Hypersensitive to headache, insomnia,
Benzodiazepi drug or soya protein paradoxical anxiety, DURING:
ne -Experiencing shock hallucination, minor -Warned patient to
and coma changes in EEG avoid activities that
MECHANISM OF -Acute angle closure pattern require alertness
ACTION: glaucoma CV: CV collapse, -Instructed SO to
-Caution in patient bradycardia, assist & provide
Probably with liver or renal hypotension safety to patient
potential the impairment, EENT: diplopia, -Advised to
effects of depression, history blurred vision increased fiber diet
GABA, of substance abuse GI: constipation, & avoid alcohol
depress the diarrhea with rectal
CNS and pain AFTER:
supress the GU: urinary -Monitored for
spread of incontinence & dizziness, ataxia,
seizure retention mental state
activity RESPI: depression, changes
apnea -Instructed patient
SKIN: rash not to abruptly
HEMA: neutropenia withdraw drug.
HEPA: jaundice - Instructed pt to
OTHER: altered report any adverse
libido, physical or effects.
psychological
dependence.
 DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NSG.RESPONSIBILITI
ES

CEFTRIAXONE, THERAPEUTIC -Perioperative GI: BEFORE:

500mg , IVTT every CLASS: prevention pseudomembranous Assess for
24 hours (8am-8pm) Antibiotic -UTI, septicaemia, colitis, diarrhea hypersensitivity
skin structure HEMA: Eosinophilia, DURING:
PHARMACOLOGIC infection thrombocytosis, educate and inform
CLASS: leukopenia about the adverse
Third CONTRAINDICATION: SKIN: pain, reactions
Generation -Hypersensitive to induration, rash AFTER:
Cephalosporin dry or other OTHER: - instruct patient to
, Pregnancy cephalosporin hypersensitivity report discomfort at
risk category -Cautiously in patient reactions, IV site
B hypersensitive to anaphylaxis - tell patient to
penicillin report adverse
MECHANISM OF -Cautiously in breast reactions promptly
ACTION: feeding women - tell patient to notify
Inhibits cell prescriber if having
wall loose stools
synthesis, - assess for pain
promoting - administer pain
osmotic meds. As prescribed
instability,
usually
bactericidal
DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NSG.RESPONSIBILITI
ES
Mannitol 100ml IVTT THERAPEUTIC -To reduce CNS: seizures, BEFORE:
every 12 hours (8 CLASS: intraocular or dizziness, headache, -Monitored vital sign
am- 8pm) Diuretic intracranial pressure fever and intake and
or cerebral edema CV: edema, output
PHARMACOLOGIC -To prevent oliguria thrombophlebitis, DURING:
CLASS: or acute renal failure hypotension, -To relieve thirst, give
Osmotic -Oliguria hypertension, heart frequent mouth care
diuretic failure, tachycardia, or fluids
CONTRAINDICATION: vascular overload -Emphasized
MECHANISM OF -Hypersensitive to EENT: blurred vision, importance of
ACTION: drug rhinitis drinking only the
Increases -Anuria, active GI: thirst, dry mouth, amount of fluids
osmotic intracranial bleeding, nausea, vomiting, ordered.
pressure severe dehydration, diarrhea -Warned patient to
glomerular metabolic edema GU: urine retention avoid activities that
filtrate, thus META: dehydration require alertness
inhibiting SKIN: local pain, -Advise patient to
tubular urticaria take gum or hard
reabsorption OTHERS: thirst, chill candy
of H2O and AFTER:
electrolytes. It -Instructed patient to
elevates promptly report
plasma adverse reactions
osmolarity and discomfort at I.V.
and increased site.
H2O flow into
extracellular
fluid.
 DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NSG.
RESPONSIBILITIES

Ketorolac THERAPEUTIC Short term CNS: Headache, Before:

Tromethamine 10 ml CLASS: management dizziness, insomnia, -Assess for
IVTT every 8 hours (8 NSAID of ain (up to fatigue, tinnitus, hypersensitivity.
am- 4pm- 12 am) 5days) ophthalmologic - Monitor I & O
PHARMACOLOGIC Ophthalmic: effects. During:
CLASS: Relief of ocular DERMATOLOGIC: - Advised to
NSAID itching due to Rash, pruritus, increased fiber diet
seasonal sweating, dry & avoid alcohol
THERAPEUTIC conjunctivitis mucous membranes, After:
ACTIONS: and relief of GI: Nausea, -Keep
Anti postoperative dyspepsia, GI pain, emergency
inflammatory inflammation diarrhea, vomiting, equipment
and analgesics and pain after constipation, readily available
activity; cataract flatulence, hepatic at time of initial
inhibits surgery. impairment. dose, in case of
prostaglandins GU: Dysuria, renal severe
and CONTRAINDICATIONS impairment hypersensitivity
leukotriene : HEMATOLOGIC: reaction.
synthesis. Contraindicated Bleeding, - Be aware that
with significant neutropenia, patient may be
renal leukopenia, at risk for CV
impairment, thrombocytopenia, events, GI
during labor and granulocytopenia, bleeding, renal
delivery , aplastic anemia, toxicity, monitor
lactation; decreased Hgb and accordingly.
patients Hct, bone marrow - Protect drug vials
wearing soft depression. from light.
contact lenses RESPIRATORY: - Provide O2
(ophthalmic); Dyspnea, when necessary
aspirin allergy; hemoptysis,
concurrent use pharyngitis,
of NSAIDs; bronchospasm,
active peptic rhinitis.
ulcer disease or OTHER: Peripheral
GI bleeding; edema
hypersensitivity
to ketorolac; as
prophylactic
analgesics
before major
surgery;
treatment of
perioperative
pain in CABG;
suspected or
confirmed
cerebrovascular
bleeding;
hemorrhagic
diathesis,
incomplete
hemostasis,
high risk of
bleeding; use
with
 probenecid,
pentoxyphylline.

DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NSG.

RESPONSIBILITIES
Before:
Ranitidine THERAPEUTIC Short term CNS: Headache, Instruct patient
Hydrochloride IVTT CLASS: treatment of malaise, dizziness, not to take new
25mg every 8 hours Antiulcer active insomnia, vertigo. medication w/o
(8am- 4pm- 12am) duodenal CV: Tachycardia, consulting
PHARMACOLOGIC ulcer. bradycardia physician
CLASS: Maintenance DERMATOLOGIC: Instruct patient
Histamine 2 therapy for Rash, alopecia to take as
anatagonist duodenal ulcer GI: Constipation, directed and do
at reduced diarrhea, nausea, not increase
THERAPEUTIC dosage. vomiting, abdominal dose
ACTIONS: Short term pain, hepatitis. Allow 1 hour
 Competitively treatment of GU: Impotence or between any
inhibits the GERD. decreased libido other antacid
action of Short term HEMATOLOGIC: and ranitidine
histamine at treatment and Leukopenis, Inform patient
the H2 maintenance granulocytopenia, that it may
receptors of therapy of thrombocytopenia cause
the parietal active, benign LOCAL: Pain at IM drowsiness or
cells of the gastric ulcer. site local burning or dizziness
stomach, Treatment and itching at IV site
inhibiting maintenance OTHER: Arthralgias During:
basal gastric of healing of Avoid excessive
acid secretion erosive alcohol
and gastric esophagitis. Inform patient
acid secretion Treatment of that increased
that is heartburn, fluid and
stimulated by acid fiber intake may
food, insulin, indigestion, minimize
histamine, sour stomach. constipation
cholinergic Inform patient
agonists, CONTRAINDICATION: that medication
gastrin, and Contraindicate may temporarily
pentagastrin. d with allergy cause stools and
to ranitidine, tongue to
lactation. appear gray
black.
Warned
patient to
avoid
activities that
require
alertness

After:
Assess patient
 for epigastric or
abdominal pain
and frank or
occult blood in
the stool,
emesis, or
gastric aspirate
Nurse should
know that it may
cause false-
positive results
for urine protein;
test with
sulfosalicylic
acid
Advise patient to
report onset of
black, tarry
stools; fever,
sore throat;
diarrhea;
dizziness; rash;
confusion; or
hallucinations to
health care
professional
promptly
Instruct patients
to monitor for
and report
occurrence of
drug-induced
adverse reaction
 DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS INDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NSG.
RESPONSIBILITIES

Dexamethasone THERAPEUTIC Hypercalcemia CNS: Seizures, Before:

Sodium Sulphate CLASS: associated vertigo, headaches, Tell patient to
IVTT 10mg every 8 Anti with cancer insomnia, mood shake
hours (8am- 4pm- inflammatory Cancer swings, depression, suspension
12am) chemotheraph psychosis, well before
PHARMACOLOGIC y induced intracerebral use.
CLASS: nausea and haemorrhage, Teach patient
Corticosteroid vomiting. cataracts, glaucoma. how to instill
Cerebral CV: Hypertension, drops. Advise
MECHANISM OF edema heart failure, him to wash
ACTION: associated necrotizing angiitis. hands before
Suppresses with brain ENDOCRINE: and after
edema, fibrin tumor, Growth retardation, applying
deposition, craniotomy, or decreased solution, and
capillary head injury. carbohydrate warn him not
dilation, Ulcerative tolerance, diabetes to touch tip of
leukocyte colitis, acute mellitus dropper to eye
migration, exacerbations GI: Peptic or or surrounding
capillary of MS, and esophageal ulcer, tissue.
proliferation, palliation in pancreatitis, Warn patient
and collagen some abdominal distention not to use
deposition. leukemias and GU: Amenorrhea. leftover drug
lymphomas. Irregular menses for new eye
HEMATOLOGIC: inflammation;
CONTRAINDICATIONS Fluid and electrolyte doing so may
: disturbances, cause serious
Contraindicate increase blood sugar, problems.
d in patients glycosuria, increase
hypersensitivit serum cholesterol. During:
y to drug or its HYPERSENSITIVITY Advise patient
ingredients. : Anaphylactoid or that he/she
Drug contain hypersensitivity may use eye
sulphite. reactions. pad with
Contraindicate MUSCULOSKELETA ointment.
d in those with L: Muscle weakness,
ocular loss of muscle mass. After:
tuberculosis or Osteoporosis, Tell patient to
acute spontaneous apply light
superficial fractures. finger
herpes OTHER: Impaired pressure on
simplex wound healing, lacrimal sac
(dendritic petechiae, for 1 minute
keratitis), ecchymosis, after
varicella, or increased sweating, instillation.
other fungal or thin and fragile skin,
viral diseases acne
of cornea and
conjunctiva; in
patients with
acute,
purulent,
untreated
infections of
eye; and in
those who
have had
uncomplicated
removal of
superficial
cornel foreign
body.
 HEALTH TEACHING PLAN

OBJECTIVES CONTENT METHODOLOGY

General:
After 4 days of holistic
student nurse-patient
interaction, the patient
will be able to gain
knowledge, skills and
attitude in dealing with
the condition brain
traumatic injury.

Specific:
After 8 hours of holistic
student nurse-patient
interaction, the patient
will be able to;

1. define Brain
Traumatic Injury Also known as DISCUSSION
intracranial injury
and/or TBI.
Is a substantial
head injury that
results in
damage to the
brain. This
damage can
cause a wide
spectrum of
possible health
outcomes
 The brain is
launched into a
collision course
with the inside of
the skull,
resulting in
possible bruising
of the brain,
tearing of the
nerve fibers and
bleeding.
Is a complex
injury with a
broad spectrum
of symptoms and
disabilities

2. identify the causes DISCUSSION

Bullets or
of brain traumatic smashed piece
injury of skull
penetrating brain
tissue
Falls
Vehicle accidents
Severe jolt or
blow to the head
Open head injury
Closed head
injury
Deceleration
injury
Chemical/toxic
Hypoxia
Infections
Stroke
3. determine Headache that DISCUSSION
symptoms of brain gets worse and
traumatic injury that does not go
needs to be reported away.
immediately Weakness,
numbness or
decreased
coordination.
Repeated
vomiting or
nausea
Confusion
Fatigue(tiredness
and lethargy)
Becoming more
easily distracted
Loss of sense of
smell and taste
Moodiness
Persistent pain in
the back
Light
headedness
Dizziness
Tinnitus
 Always wear a
4. identify preventive DISCUSSION
seatbelt in a
measures to avoid
motor vehicle
brain traumatic injury
Never drive
under the
influence of
alcohol or drugs

Always wear a
helmet when on
bicycle,
motorcycle,
scooter, and
other open
unrestrained
vehicles.

Use the rails on

stairways

Provide
adequate
lightning,
especially on
stairs for people
with poor vision
or who have
difficulty walking

Keep firearms
unloaded in a
locked cabinet or
safe
 Handwashing
Removing the old
5. Demonstrate on how Dressing DEMONSTRATION
to do wound dressing Carefully loosen
properly the tape from
your skin.
Use a clean (not
sterile) medical
glove to grab the
old dressing and
pull it off.
If the dressing
sticks to the
wound, wet it
and try again,
unless your
provider
instructed you to
pull it off dry.
Put the old
dressing in a
plastic bag and
set it aside.

Caring for the Wound

You may use a gauze

pad or soft cloth to
clean the skin around
your wound:

Use a normal
saline solution
(salt water) or
mild soapy water.
 Soak the gauze
or cloth in the
saline solution or
soapy water, and
gently dab or
wipe the skin
with it.

Try to remove all

drainage and any
dried blood or
other matter that
may have built
up on the skin.

Putting on the new

Dressing
Place the clean
dressing on the wound
as your provider taught
you to. You may be
using a wet-to-dry
dressing.
Clean your hands
when you are finished.
Throw away the old
dressing and other
used supplies in a
waterproof plastic bag.
Close it tightly, then
double it before putting
it in the trash.
Wash any soiled
laundry from the
dressing change
separately from other
laundry. Ask your
provider if you need to
add bleach to the wash
water.
Use a dressing only
once. Never reuse it.
s