1920
This article is about the year 1920. For the lm, see
1920 (lm).
1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday
(dominical letter DC) of the Gregorian calendar and a
leap year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter ED)
of the Julian calendar, the 1920th year of the Common
Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 920th
year of the 2nd millennium, the 20th year of the 20th
century, and the 1st year of the 1920s decade. As of the
start of 1920, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead
of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use
until 1923.
1 Events
1.1 January
January 16: Beginning of Prohibition in the United States
January 4,025 suspected communists and anar-
chists arrested and held without trial in the United
States following raids in several cities.
January 1
Babe Ruth is traded by the Red Sox for
$125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a
player at that time.
Bolsheviks increase troops from four divisions
to twenty along the Polish border
January 7
1
The forces of Russian White Admiral
Alexander Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk.
The Great Siberian Ice March ensues.
The New York State Assembly refuses to seat
ve duly elected Socialist assemblymen.
January 9 Thousands of onlookers watch as The
Human Fly George Polley climbs the Woolworth
Building in New York City. He reaches the 30th
oor before being arrested.
January 10 League of Nations Covenant enters
into force. On January 16 the organization holds its
rst council meeting, in Paris.
January 11 The Azerbaijan Democratic Repub-
lic is recognised de facto by European powers in
Versailles.[1]
January 13 The New York Times ridicules the
American rocket scientist Robert H. Goddard. The
newspaper has to recant publicly on July 17, 1969
when the Apollo crew is on its mission to the Moon.
January 16
Prohibition in the United States begins with
the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitu-
tion coming into eect.
The Allies of World War I demand that
the Netherlands extradite the German Kaiser
Wilhelm II, who ed there in 1918.
Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Incorporated, is
founded on the campus of Howard University
in Washington, D.C.
January 19 The United States Senate votes against
joining the League of Nations.
January 22 The Australian Country Party is o-
cially formed, led by Nelson Pollard.
January 23 The Netherlands refuses to extradite
the German Kaiser.
January 28 El Tercio de Extranjeros, the Regi-
ment of Foreigners, later the Spanish Legion, is es-
tablished by decree of King Alfonso XIII of Spain.
January 30 The oldest surviving pro wrestling
match on lm takes place, with Joe Stecher defeat-
ing Earl Caddock.
2 1 EVENTS
1.2 February
February 1 The South African Air Force (SAAF)
is established, the second autonomous Air Force in
the world after the Royal Air Force (RAF).[2]
February 2
Estonian War of Independence: The Tartu
Peace Treaty is signed, ending the war and rec-
ognizing Estonian independence.
France occupies Memel.
Sayyid Muhammad, Khan of Khiva abdicates.
February 7 Admiral Kolchak and Viktor Pe-
pelyayev are executed by ring squad near Irkutsk.
February 9 The Svalbard Treaty, signed by mem-
bers of the League of Nations in Paris, recog-
nises the sovereignty of Norway over the Arctic
archipelago of Svalbard (at this time called Spitzber-
gen) while giving the other signatories economic
rights in the islands.
February 10 General Jzef Haller rst performs
Polands Wedding to the Sea, a symbolic celebration
of the restitution of Polish access to the Baltic Sea.
February 1224 Conference of London: Leaders
of the United Kingdom, France and Italy meet to
discuss the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire.
February 13 Switzerland rejoins the League of Na-
tions.
February 14 The League of Women Voters is
founded in Chicago.
February 17 A woman named Anna Anderson
tries to commit suicide in Berlin and is taken to
a mental hospital, where she claims she is Grand
Duchess Anastasia of Russia.
February 19 The United States Senate refuses to
ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
February 20 1920 Gori earthquake: An earth-
quake hits Gori in the Democratic Republic of
Georgia, killing 114.
February 21 The island province of Marinduque
in the Philippines archipelago is founded.
February 22 In Emeryville, California, the rst dog
racing track to employ an imitation rabbit opens.
February 24 Adolf Hitler presents his National So-
cialist Program in Munich to the German Workers
Party (Deutsche Arbeiterpartei) which renames itself
as the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche
Arbeiterpartei).
1.3 March
March 1
Hungarian Admiral and statesman Mikls
Horthy becomes the Regent of Hungary.
The United States Railroad Administration re-
turns control of American railroads to its con-
stituent railroad companies.
March 7 Syrian National Congress proclaims Syria
independent with Faisal I of Iraq as king.
March 10
The worlds rst peaceful establishment of a
social democratic government takes place in
Sweden as Hjalmar Branting takes over as
Prime Minister when Nils Edn leaves oce.
The Baylor Business Mens Club changes its
name to the Baylor University Chamber of
Commerce.
March 1317 Wolfgang Kapp and Walther von
Lttwitz's 'Kapp Putsch', an attempted coup in Ger-
many, briey ousts the Weimar Republic govern-
ment from Berlin but fails due to public resistance
and a general strike.
March 15 The Ruhr Red Army, a communist army
60,000 men strong, is formed in Germany.
March 1516 Military occupation of Constantino-
ple by British Empire forces acting for the Allied
Powers against the Turkish National Movement.
Retrospectively, the Grand National Assembly of
Turkey regards this as the dissolution of the
Ottoman regime in Istanbul.[3]
March 18 Greece begins using the Gregorian cal-
endar.
March 19 The United States Congress refuses to
ratify the Treaty of Versailles.
March 23 Admiral Mikls Horthy declares that
Hungary is a monarchy without anyone on the
throne.
March 25 Irish War of Independence: British re-
cruits to the Royal Irish Constabulary begin to arrive
in Ireland. They become known from their impro-
vised uniforms as the "Black and Tans".[4]
March 26 The German government asks France
for permission to use its own troops against the re-
bellious Ruhr Red Army in the French-occupied
area.
March 28 The 1920 Palm Sunday tornado out-
break hits the Great Lakes region and Deep South
of the United States.
1.5 May
March 29 Sir William Robertson is promoted to
Field Marshal, the rst man to rise from private
(enlisted 1877) to the highest rank in the British
Army.[5]
1.4 April
April 2 The German army marches to the Ruhr to
ght the Ruhr Red Army.
April 4 1920 Palestine riots: Violence erupts be-
tween Arab and Jewish residents in Jerusalem; 9
killed, 216 injured.
April 6 The short-lived Far Eastern Republic is
declared in eastern Siberia.
April 11 Mexican Revolution: lvaro Obregn
ees from Mexico City during a trial intended to ruin
his reputation; he ees to Guerrero where he joins
Fortunato Maycotte.
April 1926 San Remo conference: Represen-
tatives of Italy, France, the United Kingdom and
Japan meet to determine the League of Nations
mandates for administration of territories following 1.5 May
partitioning of the Ottoman Empire.
April 19 Germany and Bolshevist Russia agree to
the exchange of prisoners of war.
1920 Summer Olympics
3
April 20
Mexican Revolution: lvaro Obregn an-
nounces in Chilpancingo that he intends to
ght against the rule of Venustiano Carranza.
The 1920 Summer Olympics open in
Antwerp, Belgium. The Olympic symbols of
ve interlocking rings and the associated ag
are rst displayed at the games.
April 23 The Grand National Assembly of Turkey
is founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatrk in Ankara.
It denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI
and announces a temporary constitution.
April 24 PolishSoviet War: Polish and anti-
Soviet Ukrainian troops attack the Red Army in So-
viet Ukraine.
April 26 The Khorezm Peoples Soviet Republic
is ocially created by Bolshevist Russia as the suc-
cessor to the Khanate of Khiva.
April 28 The Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic
is ocially created.
May 2 The rst game of Negro National League
baseball is played in Indianapolis, Indiana.
May 3 A Bolshevik coup fails in the Democratic
Republic of Georgia.
May 7
PolishSoviet War: Polish troops occupy
Kiev. The government of the Ukrainian Peo-
ples Republic returns to the city.
Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Carranza
leaves Mexico City in a large train.
Treaty of Moscow (1920): Soviet Russia rec-
ognizes independence of the Democratic Re-
public of Georgia only to invade the country
six months later.
May 15 Russian Revolution: Russian White sol-
dier Maria Bochkareva is executed in Soviet Russia.
May 16
Canonization of Joan of Arc. Over 30,000
people attend the ceremony in Rome, includ-
ing 140 descendants of Joan of Arcs family.
Pope Benedict XV presides over the rite, for
which the interior of St. Peters Basilica in
Rome is richly decorated.
A referendum in Switzerland is favorable to
joining the League of Nations.
May 17
4 1 EVENTS
French and Belgian troops leave the cities they 1.7
have occupied in Germany.
The rst ight of Dutch air company KLM,
from Amsterdam to London, takes place.
May 19 Mexican Revolution: lvaro Obregn's
troops enter Mexico City.
May 20 Mexican Revolution: Venustiano Car-
ranza arrives in San Antonio Tlaxcalantongo.
Troops of Rodolfo Herrero attack him at night and
shoot him.
May 24 Venustiano Carranza is buried in Mexico
City; all of his mourning allies are arrested. Adolfo
de la Huerta is elected provisional president.
May 26 Ganja revolt: Anti-Soviet opposition in
the Azerbaijan SSR launches an abortive revolt in
Ganja.
May 27 Tom Garrigue Masaryk becomes presi-
dent of Czechoslovakia.
May 29 Great Floods at Louth, Lincolnshire in
England kill 23.
1.6 June
June 4 Treaty of Trianon: Peace is restored be-
tween the Allied Powers and Hungary. Hungary
loses 72% of its territory.
June 5 Bolshevik Cavalry break through Polish and
Ukrainian lines south of Kiev, precipitating eventual
withdrawal.
June 12 PolishSoviet War: The Red Army re-
takes Kiev.
June 13
Essad Pasha Toptani, nominal ruler of
Albania, is assassinated by Avni Rustemi in
Paris.
The United States Post Oce Department
rules that children may not be sent via parcel
post.[6]
June 15
A new border treaty between Germany and
Denmark gives northern Schleswig to Den-
mark.
The Estonian Constituent Assembly adopts the
rst constitution of Estonia, which will come
into eect on December 21 the same year.
June 22 Greek Summer Oensive: Greece attacks
Turkish troops.
July
July 1 Germany declares its neutrality in the war
between Poland and Soviet Russia.
July 2 PolishSoviet War: Red Army continues
oensive into Poland.
July 7 Arthur Meighen becomes Canadas ninth
prime minister.
July 11 In the East Prussian plebiscite the local
populace decides to remain with Weimar Germany.
July 12 SovietLithuanian Peace Treaty: The
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic recog-
nizes independent Lithuania.
July 13 London County Council bars foreigners
from council jobs.
July 19 August 7 The Second Congress of the
Communist International takes place in Saint Peters-
burg and Moscow. The notorious Twenty-one Con-
ditions are adopted.
July 20 The United Kingdom cedes its brief con-
trol of the key Black Sea port of Batum to the
Democratic Republic of Georgia.
July 21 The Interallied Mission to Poland takes
place.
July 22 PolishSoviet War: Poland sues for peace
with Bolshevist Russia (refused).
July 24 Battle of Maysalun: The French defeat the
Syrian army whose leader Yusuf al-'Azma is killed.
French troops occupy Damascus and depose Faisal
I of Syria as king.[7]
July 26 Mexican Revolution: Pancho Villa takes
over Sabina and contacts de la Huerta to oer his
conditional surrender. He signs his surrender on July
28.
July 29 The United States Bureau of Reclamation
begins construction of the Link River Dam as part
of the Klamath Reclamation Project.
July 30August 8 1st World Scout Jamboree held
at Olympia, London.[8]
July 31
Irish-born Australian Catholic Bishop
Daniel Mannix is detained onboard ship o
Queenstown and prevented from landing in
Ireland or from speaking in the main Irish
Catholic communities elsewhere in the United
Kingdom.[9]
France prohibits the sale or prescription of
contraceptives.
1.10 October
Representatives of British revolutionary so-
cialist groups meet at the Cannon Street Hotel
in London and agree to form the Communist
Party of Great Britain.
1.8 August
August 3 Irish War of Independence: Catholic
riots in Belfast in protest at the continuing British
Army presence.
August 10 Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI's repre-
sentatives sign the Treaty of Svres with the Allied
Powers, conrming arrangements for partitioning of
the Ottoman Empire.
August 11 Bolshevik Russia recognizes indepen-
dent Latvia.
August 1325 PolishSoviet War: The Red Army
is defeated in the Battle of Warsaw.
August 13 Irish War of Independence: The
Restoration of Order in Ireland Act, passed by the
Parliament of the United Kingdom, receives Royal
Assent, providing for Irish Republican Army ac-
tivists to be tried by court-martial rather than by jury
in criminal courts.[4]
August 1925 Second Silesian Uprising: The 1.10 October
Poles in Upper Silesia rise up against the Germans.
August 20 The rst commercial radio station in
the United States, 8MK (WWJ), begins operations
in Detroit. It is owned by the Detroit News, the rst October 9 PolishLithuanian War: Polish troops
U.S. radio station owned by a newspaper.
August 26 The Nineteenth Amendment to the
United States Constitution is passed, guaranteeing
womens surage.
August 28September 2 Bukhara operation: The
Russian Red Army and Young Bukharians over-
throw the Emirate of Bukhara, leading to establish-
ment of the Bukharan Peoples Soviet Republic.
1.9 September
September 5 Presidential elections begin in Mex-
ico.
September 8 Gabriele D'Annunzio proclaims the
Italian Regency of Carnaro in the city of Fiume.
September 16 The Wall Street bombing: A bomb
in a horse wagon explodes in front of the J. P. Mor-
gan building in New York City, killing 38 and injur-
ing 400.
5
September 17 The National Football League is es-
tablished as the American Professional Football As-
sociation.
September 20 The rst soldier joins El Tercio de
Extranjeros, the Regiment of Foreigners, later the
Spanish Legion, established on January 28, in Spain;
today is celebrated as the units anniversary. Under
the command of Jos Milln Astray and Francisco
Franco, its rst duties are against Rif rebels in the
Spanish protectorate in Morocco.
September 21 Communist Party of Uruguay is
founded.
September 22 The London Metropolitan Police
forms the Flying Squad, a motorised mobile detec-
tive patrol unit.
September 27 PolishSoviet War: Bolshevist Rus-
sia sues for peace with Poland.
September 29
The rst domestic radio sets come to stores in
the United States; a Westinghouse radio costs
$10.
Adolf Hitler makes his rst public political
speech, in Austria.
October 3 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe horse race
rst run in Paris.
take Vilnius.
October 10 Carinthian Plebiscite: A large part of
Carinthia Province votes to become part of Austria
rather than Yugoslavia.
October 14 A peace treaty between the Soviet and
the Finnish governments is concluded at Tartu.
October 16 PolishSoviet War: After the Polish
army captures Tarnopol, Dubno, Minsk, and Dryssa,
the ceasere is enforced.
October 18 Thousands of unemployed demon-
strate in London; 50 are injured.
October 26 lvaro Obregn is announced the
elected president of Mexico.
October 27
The League of Nations moves its headquarters
to Geneva, Switzerland.
Baron Louis De Geer the younger becomes the
new Prime Minister of Sweden.
6 1 EVENTS

1.11 November (with three of its men also dying), which leads to
ocial reprisals.[4]
November 2
United States presidential election, 1920: Re- 1.12 December
publican U. S. Senator Warren G. Harding de-
feats Democratic Governor of Ohio James M. December 1 The Mexican Revolution ends with
Cox and Socialist Eugene V. Debs, in the rst a new regime coming to power, which couples with
national U.S. election in which women have the end of the Old West.
the right to vote.
December 5 A referendum in Greece is favorable
In the United States, KDKA AM of Pittsburgh to the reinstatement of the monarchy.
(owned by Westinghouse) starts broadcasting
as a commercial radio station. The rst broad- December 10 Irish War of Independence: Martial
cast is the results of the presidential election. law is declared in Counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick
Meiji Shrine, one of a landmark spot in Tokyo, and Tipperary.[4]
ocially built in Japan.[10] December 11 The Burning of Cork in Ireland:
November 11 The Unknown Warrior is buried in British forces set re to some 5 acres (20,000 m2 )
Westminster Abbey. of the centre of Cork, including the City Hall, in
reprisal attacks after a British auxiliary is killed in a
November 13 The evacuation of the White Army's guerilla ambush.
last units and civilian refugees from the Crimea on
board 126 ships, the remnants of the Russian Impe-
rial Navy, to Turkey, Tunisia and the Kingdom of
Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, accompanied by wide-
scale civilian massacres. The total number of evac-
uees amounted to approximately 150,000 people, of
which ~20% were civilians.
November 14 The Edmonton Symphony Orches-
tra holds its rst concert.
November 15 In Geneva, the rst assembly of the
League of Nations is held.
November 16 Queensland and Northern Territory
Aviation Services (Qantas) is founded by Hudson
Fysh and Paul McGinness.
November 17 The council of the League of Na- Haiyuan earthquake
tions accepts the constitution for the Free City of
Danzig.
December 16
November 21 Irish War of Independence: Bloody
Sunday: The Irish Republican Army, on the in- Finland joins the League of Nations.
structions of Michael Collins, shoot dead the Cairo An 8.6 Richter scale Haiyuan earthquake
gang, fourteen British undercover agents in Dublin, causes a landslide in Gansu Province, China,
most in their homes. Later that day in retaliation the killing 180,000.
Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish Constabulary
open re on a crowd at a Gaelic Athletic Association December 1522 The Brussels Conference estab-
Football match in Croke Park, killing thirteen spec- lishes a timetable for German war reparations in-
tators and one player and wounding 60. [4][11]
Three tended to extend for over 42 years.
men are shot this night in Dublin Castle while try- December 22 The 8th Congress of Soviets of the
ing to escape. Russian SFSR adopts the GOELRO plan, the major
November 28 Irish War of Independence: plan of the economical development of the country.
Kilmichael Ambush: The ying column of the 3rd December 23
Cork Brigade of the Irish Republican Army, led by
Tom Barry, ambushes two lorries carrying men of United Kingdom and France ratify the bor-
the Auxiliary Division of the Royal Irish Constabu- der between French-held Syria and British-
lary at Kilmichael, County Cork, killing seventeen held Palestine.
2.1 January 7

Government of Ireland Act 1920, passed by

the Parliament of the United Kingdom, re-
ceives Royal Assent from George V providing
for the partition of Ireland into Northern Ire-
land and Southern Ireland with separate parlia-
ments, granting a measure of home rule.[4][11]

December 25 The Rosicrucian Fellowship's spir-

itual healing temple The Ecclesia is dedicated at
Mount Ecclesia, Oceanside, California.

1.13 Date unknown

Hydrocodone, a narcotic analgesic closely related
to codeine is rst synthesized in Germany by Carl
Mannich and Helene Lwenheim.

Approximate date The HIV pandemic almost

certainly originates in Lopoldville, modern-day
Kinshasa, the capital of the Belgian Congo.[12]

2 Births
Federico Fellini
2.1 January

Javier Prez de Cullar

DeForest Kelley
January 1

Jos Antonio Bottiroli, Argentinean composer Virgilio Savona, Italian singer and songwriter
and poet (d. 1990) (d. 2009)
8 2 BIRTHS

Heinz Zemanek, Austrian computer pioneer January 20

(d. 2014)
Federico Fellini, Italian lm director and
January 2 screenwriter (d. 1993)

Isaac Asimov, American author (d. 1992) DeForest Kelley, American actor (d. 1999)

George Herbig, American astronomer (d.
2013)
Anne-Soe stvedt, Norwegian resistance
leader (d. 2009)
January 23 Gottfried Bhm, German architect
January 24 Jerry Maren, American actor
January 27

January 3 Hiroyoshi Nishizawa, Japanese ghter ace (d.

1944)
Renato Carosone, Italian musician and singer
Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)
(d. 2001)
Abbas Ali, Indian freedom ghter and politi- January 30
cian (d. 2014) Michael Anderson, English lm director
January 5 Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian Delbert Mann, American television and lm
pianist (d. 1995) director (d. 2007)
January 6
2.2 February
John Maynard Smith, English biologist (d.
2004)
Early Wynn, American baseball player (d.
1999)

January 7 Vincent Gardenia, American actor (d.

1992)

January 8 Gordon Kahl, American tax protester

and cop-killer (d. 1983)

January 9

Clive Dunn, British actor (d. 2012)

Hakim Said, Pakistani scholar and philan-
thropist (d. 1998)

January 12 Bill Reid, Canadian artist (d. 1998)

January 15 John O'Connor, American Catholic

cardinal (d. 2000)

January 16

Al Morgan, American novelist and television

producer (d. 2011)
Elliott Reid, American actor (d. 2013)
Walter Frederick Morrison, American en-
trepreneur and inventor (d. 2010)

January 19
Roberto M. Levingston, Argentine Army gen-
eral and 36th President of Argentina (d. 2015)
Buddy O'Grady, American basketball player
and coach (d. 1992)
Javier Prez de Cullar, Peruvian Secretary-
General of the United Nations
Farouk of Egypt
February 2 Heikki Suolahti, Finnish composer (d.
1936)
February 3 Henry Heimlich, American physician
and medical researcher (d. 2016)
2.2 February 9

Janet Waldo, American actress (d. 2016)

February 5 Frank Muir, British actor, comedy

writer and raconteur (d. 1998)

February 7

Oscar Brand, Canadian-born American folk

singer-songwriter and author (d. 2016)
An Wang, Chinese-born computer pioneer (d.
1990)

February 10 Ezzrett Anderson, American football

player (d. 2017)

February 11

Farouk I, King of Egypt (d. 1965)

Billy Halop, American actor (d. 1976)

February 12

William Roscoe Estep, American Baptist his-

torian (d. 2000)
Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington
Yoshiko Yamaguchi, Chinese-Japanese ac-
tress and singer (d. 2014)

February 13

Seneka Bibile, Sri Lankan pharmacologist (d.

1977)
Annus Schjdt, Jr., Norwegian barrister (d.
2014)

February 17 Ivo Caprino, Norwegian lm director

(d. 2001)

February 18

Bill Cullen, American game show host (d.

1990)
Eddie Slovik, U.S. Army private (executed)
(d. 1945)

February 20 Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of

Hartington (d. 1948)

February 22 Burt L. Talcott, American politician

(d. 2016)

February 25 Sun Myung Moon, Korean evangelist,

founder of the Unication Church (d. 2012)

February 26

Tony Randall, American actor (d. 2004)

Tony Randall
Lucjan Wolanowski, Polish journalist, writer,
and traveler (d. 2006)
February 4 February 28

Giriraj Kishore, Indian activist and politician Virgnia Lane, Brazilian actress, singer and
(d. 2014) vedette (d. 2014)
10 2 BIRTHS

Zaim Topi, Yugoslav and Bosnian writer (d. Alfred Peet, Dutch American entrepreneur,
1990) founder of Peets Coee & Tea (d. 2007)
February 29 Boris Vian, French writer, poet, singer, and
musician (d. 1959)
Howard Nemerov, American poet (d. 1991)
March 11 Nicolaas Bloembergen, Dutch physicist,
Michele Morgan, French actress (d. 2016) Nobel Prize laureate
March 14 Hank Ketcham, American cartoonist (d.
2.3 March 2001)
March 15
Lawrence Sanders, American novelist (d.
1998)
E. Donnall Thomas, American physician, re-
cipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine (d. 2012)
March 17 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Founder of
Bangladesh, rst President & Prime Minister of
Bangladesh (d. 1975)
March 16 Leo McKern, Australian actor (d. 2002)
March 19
Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian poet and artist (d.
2002)
Paul Hagen, Danish actor (d. 2003)
March 20
Pamela Harriman, English-born United States
diplomat, socialite (d. 1997)
Vickie Panos, Greek-Canadian female profes-
sional baseball player (d. unknown)
James Doohan Rosemary Timperley, British author (d. 1988)
March 22
March 3 Werner Klemperer, German actor (d. 2000)
James Doohan, Canadian-born actor (d. Ross Martin, Polish-American actor (d. 1981)
2005) Albert H. Pearson, American farmer and
politician (d. 1963)
Ronald Searle, British cartoonist (d. 2011)
March 23 Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball
March 4
player and coach (d. 2013)
Jean Lecanuet, French politician (d. 1993) March 24 Corbin Harney, elder and spiritual
Alan MacNaughtan, Scottish actor (d. 2002) leader of the Newe (Western Shoshone) people (d.
2007)
March 5
March 25 Patrick Troughton, British actor (d.
Rachel Gurney, British actress (d. 2001) 1987)
Del Latta, American politician (d. 2016)
March 27 Robin Jacques, English illustrator (d.
March 6 Lewis Gilbert, British lm director, pro- 1995)
ducer and screenwriter
March 31
March 9 Franjo Mihali, Croatian-Serbian athlete Deborah Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire
(d. 2015) (d. 2014)
March 10 Marga Minco, Dutch journalist and writer
2.4 April 11

2.4 April

Richard von Weizscker

Toshiro Mifune
Arthur Hailey, American writer (d. 2004)

April 6 Edmond H. Fischer, Swiss American bio-

chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine

April 7 Ravi Shankar, Indian sitar player (d. 2012)

April 8 Carmen McRae, American jazz singer (d.

1994)

April 11

Emilio Colombo, 40th Prime Minister of Italy

(d. 2013)
Peter O'Donnell, British author and writer of
comic strips (d. 2010)
Jack Webb
April 12 Buck Young, American actor (d. 2000)

April 1 Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997) April 13

April 2 Jack Webb, American actor, director, and Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (d. 1982)
producer (d. 1982) Liam Cosgrave, fth Taoiseach of Ireland

April 4 ric Rohmer, French lm director (d.
2010)
April 5
Barend Biesheuvel, Dutch politician, Prime
Minister of the Netherlands from 1971 until
1973 (d. 2001)
Jack Lambert, American actor (d. 2002)
April 15
Thomas Szasz, Hungarian-born psychiatrist
and writer (d. 2012)
Richard von Weizscker, German politician,
President of Germany (19841994) (d. 2015)
12
April 16 Prince George Valdemar of Denmark (d.
1986)
April 19 Gene Leis, American jazz guitarist and
educator (d. 1993)
April 20 John Paul Stevens, Associate Justice of
the Supreme Court of the United States
April 21 Edmund Adamkiewicz, German foot-
baller (d. 1991)
April 22 Valeri Petrov, Bulgarian poet (d. 2014)
April 27 Guido Cantelli, Italian conductor (d.
1956)
April 29 Harold Shapero, American composer (d.
2013)
2.5 May
Pope John Paul II
May 2
Jean-Marie Auberson, Swiss conductor (d.
2004)
Otto Buchsbaum, Austrian-born writer and
ecological activist (d. 2000)
Preben Neergaard, Danish actor (d. 1990)
2 BIRTHS
May 6 Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, rst Prime Min-
ister of Fiji and President of Fiji (d. 2004)
May 7 Rendra Karno, Indonesian actor (d. 1985)
May 8 Touko Laaksonen, Finnish artist,
pseudonym Tom of Finland (d. 1991)
May 8 Saul Bass, American graphic designer (d.
1996)
May 9
Richard Adams, English novelist (d. 2016)
Mitsuko Mori, Japanese actress (d. 2012)
May 11 Denver Pyle, American actor (d. 1997)
May 13 Gareth Morris, British autist (d. 2007)
May 18
Pope John Paul II (d. 2005)
Lucia Mannucci, Italian singer (Quartetto Ce-
tra) (d. 2012)
May 20 Domenico Leccisi, Italian politician (d.
2008)
May 22 Helen Andelin, American author (d.
2009)
May 23 Helen O'Connell, American singer (d.
1993)
May 25 Arthur Wint, Jamaican runner (d. 1992)
May 26
John Dall, American actor (d. 1971)
Peggy Lee, American singer (d. 2002)
May 28 Gene Levitt, American television writer,
producer, and director (d. 1999)
May 29 John Harsanyi, Hungarian-born
economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
May 30
Godfrey Binaisa, President of Uganda (d.
2010)
Franklin Schaner, American lm and televi-
sion director (d. 1989)
Shtar Yasuoka, Japanese writer (d. 2013)
2.7 July 13

Franois Jacob, French biologist, recipient of

the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
2013)

June 18 Utta Danella, German writer (d. 2015)

June 20 Danny Cedrone, American guitarist and

bandleader (d. 1954)

June 22

Paul Frees, American actor, primarily known

as a voice actor (d. 1986)
Jovito Salonga, Filipino statesman (d. 2016)

June 25

Lassie Lou Ahern, American actress

Ozan Marsh, American pianist (d. 1992)

June 26 Jean-Pierre Roy, Canadian pitcher in Ma-

jor League Baseball (d. 2014)

June 28 Clarissa Eden, Widow of British Prime

Minister Anthony Eden

Jos Lpez Portillo June 29 Ray Harryhausen, American animator (d.

2013)

2.6 June June 30 Zeno Colo, Italian Olympic alpine skiier

(d. 1993)
June 1 Amos Yarkoni, Israeli soldier (d. 1991)

June 2 2.7 July

Marcel Reich-Ranicki, German literary critic

and member of the literary group Gruppe 47
(d. 2013)
Tex Schramm, American football executive
(d. 2003)
Johnny Speight, British television scriptwriter
(d. 1998)

June 11 King Mahendra, king of Nepal (d. 1972)

June 12

Dave Berg, American cartoonist (d. 2002)

Jim Siedow, American actor (d. 2003)

June 16

Eva Estrada-Kalaw, Filipino politician,

Jos Lpez Portillo, President of Mexico (d.
2004)

June 17

Jacob H. Gilbert, American politician (d.

1981)
Yul Brynner
Setsuko Hara, Japanese actress (d. 2015)
14
Juan Antonio Samaranch
July 1
Joseph G. Williams, American musician
George I. Fujimoto, American chemist of
Japanese descent
Lucidio Sentimenti, Italian footballer (d.
2014)
July 4
Paul Bannai, American politician
Anthony Barber, British Conservative politi-
cian (d. 2005)
Leona Helmsley, American hotel operator,
real estate investor (d. 2007)
July 5 Mary Louise Hancock, American politician
July 7
Sandy Tatum, American golfer
William Thaddeus Coleman Jr., American at-
torney and politician
Henry Williams Hise, United States Marine
Corps Brigadier General (d. 2010)
July 10
Owen Chamberlain, American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006)
J. T. White, American college football assis-
tant coach (d. 2005)
July 11
Yul Brynner, Russian-born American actor (d.
1985)
2 BIRTHS
Zecharia Sitchin, Soviet-born American au-
thor (d. 2010)
July 12
Bob Fillion, Canadian professional ice hockey
player (d. 2015)
Chan Tai San, Chinese martial arts grandmas-
ter (d. 2004)
July 13
Anna Halprin, American dancer
Don Ralke, American music arranger (d.
2000)
Bill Towers, English footballer (d. 2000)
July 14
Tom Neil, English pilot Royal Air Force
Percy Tetzla, New Zealand rugby union
player (d. 2009)
July 15 Theresa Kobuszewski, American profes-
sional baseball player and World War II veteran (d.
2005)
July 16
Ulysses S. Washington, American college
football player and coach
Phillip Pine, American lm and television ac-
tor, writer, director, and producer (d. 2006)
July 17
Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish Inter-
national Olympic Committee president (d.
2010)
June Vincent, American actress (d. 2008)
Gordon Gould, American physicist (d. 2005)
July 18 Dolph Sweet, American actor (d. 1985)
July 19
mile Ide, French professional road bicycle
racer
Robert Mann, American violinist
George Dawkes, English rst-class cricketer
(d. 2006)
July 20
Jasper Blackall, British sailor
Jack Harman, English Adjutant-General to the
Forces (d. 2009)
July 21
Jean Daniel, Algerian-born French-Jewish
journalist and author
2.8 August 15

Gunnar Thoresen, Norwegian footballer

Constant Nieuwenhuys, Dutch painter (d.
2005)
Isaac Stern, Ukrainian-born violinist (d. 2001)

July 24 Bella Abzug, American feminist politician

(d. 1998)

July 25

Rosalind Franklin, British crystallographer (d.

1958)
David P. Buckson, American lawyer and
politician (d. 2017)

2.8 August

Maureen O'Hara

Ella Raines

August 1

Sammy Lee, Korean-American diver (d.

2016)
Thomas McGuire, American World War II
ghter ace (d. 1945)

August 2 Hugh Hickling, English lawyer, colonial

civil servant, law academic and author (d. 2007)

August 3 P. D. James, English mystery novelist (d.

2014)

August 4

John Figueroa, Jamaican poet (d. 1999)

Shelley Winters
Helen Thomas, American author and news
service reporter, member of the White House
press corps and columnist (d. 2013) August 8

August 6 Ella Raines, American actress (d. 1988) Leo Chiosso, Italian poet (d. 2006)
16 2 BIRTHS

August 26
Mauri Favn, Finnish painter (d. 2006)
Prem Tinsulanonda, Thai prime minister
August 27 Baptiste Manzini, American football
player (d. 2008)
August 29
Charlie Parker, African-American saxophon-
ist and composer (d. 1955)
Herb Simpson, American baseball player (d.
2015)

2.9 September

Ray Bradbury

Jimmy Witherspoon, American singer (d.

1997)

August 9 Milton G. Henschel, American member

of the Governing Body of Jehovahs Witnesses and
5th President of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract
Society (d. 2003)

August 10

Ann Harnett, American female baseball player

(d. unknown)
Red Holzman, American basketball coach (d.
1998)

August 13 Neville Brand, highly decorated com-

bat soldier of World War II, and American actor (d.
Mickey Rooney
1992)

August 16 Charles Bukowski, American writer (d.
1994)
August 17 Maureen O'Hara, Irish-American ac-
tress (d. 2015)
August 18
Bob Kennedy, American baseball player and
manager (d. 2005)
Shelley Winters, American actress (d. 2006)
September 1 Richard Farnsworth, American actor
and stuntman (d. 2000)
September 3 Les Medley, English footballer (d.
2001)
September 4 Catherine Bennett, Canadian female
professional baseball player
September 10 Fabio Taglioni, Italian motorcycle
engineer (d. 2001)

August 21 Christopher Robin Milne, English au- September 12

thor and bookseller (d. 1996) Darussalam, Indonesian actor (d. 1993)
August 22 Ray Bradbury, American science ction Lore Lorentz, German cabaret artist/standup
writer (d. 2012) comedian (d. 1994)
2.10 October 17

September 14

Mario Benedetti, Uruguayan writer (d. 2009)

Cascarita [a.k.a. Orlando Guerra], Cuban mu-
sic singer (d. 1975)
Lawrence Klein, American economist, Nobel
Prize laureate (d. 2013)

September 18 Jack Warden, American actor (d.

2006)

September 22 William H. Riker, American polit-

ical scientist (d. 1993)

September 23

Alexander Arutiunian, Armenian composer

(d. 2012)
Mickey Rooney, American actor, dancer and
entertainer (d. 2014)

September 24 Dick Bong, American ghter ace

(d. 1945)

September 27 William Conrad, American actor,

Frank Herbert
lm director, and producer (d. 1994)

September 29 Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist,

Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1992)

2.10 October

Montgomery Clift

October 1

Charles Daudelin, Canadian sculptor (d.

2001)
Walter Matthau
Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
18 2 BIRTHS

October 4 Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d.

2005)

October 8 Frank Herbert, American author (d.

1986)

October 9

Jens Bjrneboe, Norwegian author (d. 1976)

Yusef Lateef, American jazz musician and
composer (d. 2013)
Jason Wingreen, American actor (d. 2015)

October 13 Laraine Day, American actress (d.

2007)

October 15 Mario Puzo, American author (d.

1999)

October 17

Claire Barry, American singer (The Barry Sis-

ters) (d. 2014)
Montgomery Clift, American actor (d. 1966)
Gene Tierney
Miguel Delibes, Spanish novelist (d. 2010)

October 19 Pandurang Shastri Athavale, founder 2.11 November

of the Swadhyay Movement (d. 2003)
November 5
October 20 Siddhartha Shankar Ray, Indian politi-
cian, Chief Minister of West Bengal (d. 2010)
October 21 Ruth Terry, American singer and ac-
tress (d. 2016)
October 22 Timothy Leary, American psycholo-
gist and author, proponent of LSD (d. 1996)
October 23 Vern Stephens, American baseball
player (d. 1968)
October 27
John H. Land, American politician, mayor of
Apopka, Florida (d. 2014)
Douglass North, American economist (d.
2015)
November 8
Sitara Devi, Indian dancer (d. 2014)
Esther Rolle, American actress (d. 1998)
November 11 Walter Krupinski, German World
War II ghter ace and postwar general (d. 2000)

Nanette Fabray, American actress, dancer and
singer
K. R. Narayanan, President of India (d. 2005)
October 29 Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born
immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Phys-
iology or Medicine (d. 2011)
October 31
Dick Francis, British jockey-turned-novelist
(d. 2010)
Joseph Gelineau, French composer (d. 2008)
November 12 Josip Boljkovac, Croatian politician
(d. 2014)
November 13
Jack Elam, American actor (d. 2003)
Georg Olden, African-American graphic de-
signer (d. 1975)
November 17 George Dunning, cartoon director
and animator (d. 1979)
November 19 Gene Tierney, American actress (d.
1991)

Fritz Walter, German footballer (d. 2002) November 21

2.12 December 19

Ralph Meeker, American actor (d. 1988)

Stan Musial, American baseball player (d.
2013)

November 22 Anne Crawford, British actress (d.

1956)

November 25

Ricardo Montalbn, Mexican actor (d. 2009)

Noel Neill, American actress (d. 2016)

November 27 Buster Merryeld, British actor (d.

1999)

November 28 Patrick Campbell Rodger, Scottish

Anglican bishop (d. 2002) Clark Terry

November 29 Yegor Ligachev, Soviet politician

November 30 Virginia Mayo, American actress (d.

2005)

2.12 December

Rex Allen

George Porter, English chemist, Nobel Prize

Carlo Azeglio Ciampi laureate (d. 2002)

December 9 Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 49th Prime

December 1 Peter Baptist Tadamaro Ishigami, Minister of Italy and 10th President of Italy (d.
Japanese Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2014) 2016)

December 6 December 10 Stanko Todorov, Bulgarian commu-

nist politician (d. 1996)
Dave Brubeck, American jazz pianist and
composer (d. 2012) December 13
20 3 DEATHS

Sally Manseld, American actress (d. 2001) 3.1 January

George P. Shultz, American economist and
politician, 60th United States Secretary of
State
December 14 Clark Terry, American musician
and composer (d. 2015)
December 17 Ewa Paradies, German Nazi war
criminal (d. 1946)
December 19
David Susskind, American producer and host
(d. 1987)
Little Jimmy Dickens, American country mu-
sic singer/songwriter (d. 2015)
December 21 J. Roderick MacArthur, American
businessman and philanthropist (d. 1984)
December 24 Yevgeniya Rudneva, Soviet World
War II heroine (d. 1944)
December 29
Josefa Iloilo, 3rd President of Fiji (d. 2011)
Viveca Lindfors, Swedish-American actress
(d. 1995)
December 30 Jack Lord, American actor (d.
1998)
Edmund Barton
December 31 Rex Allen, American actor, singer,
songwriter (d. 1999)

2.13 Possible
Isaac Asimov, Russian-born author (born between
October 4, 1919, and January 2, 1920, inclusive;[13]
d. 1992)

2.14 Date unknown

Kim Yong-ju, North Korean politician, younger
brother of Kim Il-Sung
Cezmi Kartay, Turkish civil servant and politician
(d. 2008)
lhan Arsel, Turkish academic, writer, researcher,
and senator (d. 2010)

3 Deaths
Patriarch Germanus V of Constantinople (b. 1835)
Amedeo Modigliani
Emir Nasrullah Khan (b. 1874)
Sultan Muhammad Imaaduddeen V (b. 1884) January 2 Paul Adam, French writer (b. 1862)
3.3 March 21

January 3 Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathe-

matician (b. 1888)

January 4 Benito Prez Galds, Spanish novelist

(b. 1843)

January 6

Heinrich Lammasch, Austrian statesman, last

minister-president of Austria (as part of the
Austro-Hungarian Empire) in 1918 (b. 1853)
Walter Cunlie, English banker (b. 1856)

January 6 Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen, Danish

mathematician (b. 1839)

January 7 Edmund Barton, Australian judge and

politician, 1st Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1849)

January 14 John Francis Dodge, American auto-

mobile manufacturer (b. 1864)

January 18 Giovanni Capurro, Italian poet (b.

1859)

January 22 Georg Lurich, Estonian Greco-Roman

wrestler and strongman (b. 1876) Robert Peary

January 24
William Percy French, Irish songwriter and
entertainer (b. 1854)
Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculp-
tor (tuberculosis) (b. 1884)
January 25 Jeanne Hbuterne, French artist,
model, and common-law wife of Amedeo
Modigliani (suicide) (b. 1898)
3.2 February
February 2 Field E. Kindley, American World War
I aviator (b. 1896)
February 3 Frank Brown, Governor of Maryland
(b. 1846)
February 6 Augustus F. Goodridge, Canadian
merchant and politician (b. 1839)
February 8 Richard Dehmel, German poet and
writer (b. 1863)
February 7 Alexander Kolchak, Russian naval
commander (b. 1874)
February 11 Gaby Deslys, French dancer, actress
& spy (b. 1881)
February 15
Prince Alexis Karageorgevich (b. 1859)
Aleksander Aberg, Estonian professional
wrestler and strongman (b. 1881)
Joseph Burton Sumner, founder of Sumner,
Mississippi (b. 1837)
February 16 Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg (b.
1857)
February 20
Robert Peary, American Arctic explorer (b.
1856)
Jacinta Marto, beatied, witnessed apparitions
of the Blessed Virgin Mary in 1917 at Ftima,
Portugal (b. 1910)
February 21 Afonso, Duke of Porto (b. 1865)
February 27 William Sherman Jennings, Governor
of Florida (b. 1863)
3.3 March
March 1
John H. Bankhead, U.S. Senator from Al-
abama (b. 1842)
William A. Stone, Governor of Pennsylvania
(b. 1846)
Joseph Trumpeldor, Russian Zionist (b. 1880)
March 3 Theodor Philipsen, Danish painter (b.
1840)
22 3 DEATHS

March 4 Roswell P. Bishop, U.S. Congressman

from Michigan (b. 1843)

March 7 Jaan Poska, Estonian barrister and politi-

cian (b. 1866)

March 11 Julio Garavito Armero, Colombian as-

tronomer (b. 1865)

March 15 Rudolf Berthold, German World War I

ghter ace (b. 1891)

March 21 Evelina Havereld British suragette (b.

1867)

March 25 Prince Louis of Liechtenstein (b. 1846)

March 26

Prince Luis of Orleans-Braganza (b. 1878)

William Chester Minor, American surgeon (b.
1834)
Mary Augusta Ward, Australian novelist (b.
1851)

March 31 Saint Teresa of the Andes

Paul Bachmann, German mathematician (b.

1837)
Lothar von Trotha, German military comman-
der (b. 1848)
Edwin Wareld, Governor of Maryland (b.
1848)

3.4 April

April 1 Walter Simon, German philanthropist (b.

1857)

April 8

John Brashear, American astronomer (b.

1840)
Charles Tomlinson Gries, American com-
poser (b. 1884)

April 10 Moritz Cantor, German historian of

mathematics (b. 1829)

April 12 Saint Teresa of the Andes, Chilean nun

from the Discalced Carmelites (b. 1900) Srinivasa Ramanujan

April 21 Maria L. Sanford, American educator (b.

1836) 3.5 May
April 26 Srinivasa Ramanujan, Indian mathemati- May 1 Princess Margaret of Connaught, Crown
cian (b. 1887) Princess of Sweden (b. 1882)
3.6 June 23

Venustiano Carranza, Mexican Revolutionary

leader, 37th President of Mexico (b. 1859)
Eleanor H. Porter, American novelist (b.
1868)

May 22 Hal Reid, American actor (b. 1863)

May 23 Svetozar Boroevi, Austro-Hungarian

eld marshal (b. 1856)

May 25 Mary Collins, American missionary (b.

1846)

May 28 Hardwicke Rawnsley, British clergyman,

poet, writer of hymns and conservationist (b. 1851)

May 30 George Ernest Morrison, Australian ad-

venturer (b. 1862)

3.6 June

Venustiano Carranza

May 8 Johan Reinhold Sahlberg, Finnish entomol-

ogist

May 10 John Wesley Hyatt, American inventor (b.

1837)

May 11

James Colosimo, American gangster (b.

1878)
William Dean Howells, American writer (b.
1837)

May 14 Ellen Mitchell, American philosopher (b.

1838)
Essad Pasha Toptani
May 15

Owen Morgan Edwards, British writer and ed-

ucator (b. 1858) June 5

Maria Bochkareva, Russian White soldier (b. Rhoda Broughton, Welsh writer (b. 1840)
1889) Julia A. Moore, American poet (b. 1847)
May 16 June 6 James Dunsmuir, Canadian politician (b.
Joselito, Spanish bullghter (b. 1895) 1851)

Levi P. Morton, 22nd Vice President of the June 13 Essad Pasha Toptani, Ottoman general,
United States (b. 1824) 3rd Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1863)

May 21 June 14
24
Max Weber
Gabrielle Rjane, French actress (b. 1856)
Max Weber, German political economist (b.
1864)
June 18
Jewett W. Adams, Governor of Nevada (b.
1835)
John Macoun, Irish born naturalist (b. 1831)
June 20
Marie-Adolphe Carnot, French chemist, min-
ing engineer, and politician (b. 1839)
John Grigg, New Zealand astronomer (b.
1838)
June 27 Adolphe-Basile Routhier, Canadian
judge, author and lyricist (b. 1839)
3.7 July
July 1 Delm Moreira, Brazilian politician, 10th
President of Brazil (b. 1868)
July 2 William Louis Marshall, American general
and engineer (b. 1846)
July 3 William Crawford Gorgas, American Army
surgeon (b. 1854)
July 5 Max Klinger, German painter and sculptor
(b. 1857)
3 DEATHS
Delm Moreira
July 10 John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher, British ad-
miral (b. 1841)
July 11 Empress Eugnie of France (b. 1826)
July 14 Albert Keller, German painter (b. 1844)
July 17
Sir Edmund Elton, 8th Baronet (b. 1846)
Charles E. Courtney, American rower and
rowing coach (b. 1849)
July 18 Prince Joachim of Prussia (b. 1890)
July 22 William Kissam Vanderbilt, American
heir (b. 1849)
3.8 August
August 1
Frank Hanly, Governor of Indiana (b. 1863)
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Indian nationalist (b.
1856)
August 2 Ormer Locklear, American stunt pilot
and lm actor (b. 1891)
August 9 Samuel Grith, Australian politician and
judge (b. 1845)
3.10 October 25

James O'Neill Peter Carl Faberg

August 10 September 10 Olive Thomas, American actress (b.

James O'Neill, American actor (b. 1847) 1894)

dm Politzer, Austrian otologist (b. 1835)
August 12 Hermann Struve, Russian-born as-
tronomer (b. 1854)
August 16
Henry Daglish, Premier of Western Australia
(b. 1866)
Joseph Norman Lockyer, British astronomer
(b. 1836)
September 18 Robert Beaven, Canadian politician
(b. 1836)
September 24 Peter Carl Faberg, Russian jeweler
(b. 1846)
September 25 Jacob Schi, German-born banker
and philanthropist (b. 1847)
September 30 William Wilfred Sullivan, Canadian
journalist, politician, and jurist (b. 1843)

August 17 Ray Chapman, American baseball

player (b. 1891) 3.10 October
August 22 Anders Zorn, Swedish painter (b. October 2
1860)
Winthrop M. Crane, Governor of Mas-
August 26 James Wilson, American politician (b. sachusetts and Senator (b. 1853)
1835)
Max Bruch, German composer (b. 1838)
August 31 Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist
October 5 William Heinemann, British publisher
and psychologist (b. 1832)
(b. 1863)

October 7 Yves Delage, French zoologist (b.

3.9 September 1854)

September 7 Simon-Napolon Parent, Premier of October 10 Hudson Stuck, British mountaineer (b.
Quebec (b. 1855) 1865)
26
King Alexander of Greece
October 17
Saint Nectarios of Aegina
Reginald Farrer, British botanist (b. 1880)
John Reed, American journalist (b. 1887)
October 24 Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna
of Russia (b. 1853)
October 25 King Alexander of Greece (b. 1893)
3.11 November
November 1 Kevin Barry, Irish republican
(hanged) (b. 1902)
November 2
Louise Imogen Guiney, American poet and es-
sayist (b. 1861)
James Daly, Irish mutineer (ring squad)
November 3 Warren Terhune, United States Navy
Commander, and the 13th Governor of American
Samoa (b. 1869)
November 4 Ludwig Struve, Russian astronomer
(b. 1858)
November 5 Duke Ludwig Wilheim in Bavaria (b.
1831)
November 8 Saint Nectarios of Aegina, Greek Or-
thodox priest and saint (b. 1846)
3 DEATHS
November 9 Alberto Blest Gana, Chilean novelist
and diplomat (b. 1830)
November 13 Luc-Olivier Merson, French painter
and illustrator (b. 1846)
November 14 Michael Grin, Irish Roman
Catholic priest (b. 1892)
November 21 Michael Hogan, Irish activist shot
during a Gaelic football match by the British army,
who also killed 14 Irish supporters (b. 1896)
November 22 Manuel Prez y Curis, Uruguayan
poet (b. 1884)
November 23 George Callaghan, British admiral
(b. 1852)
November 25
Madeline McDowell Breckinridge, leader of
the womens surage movement and one of
Kentuckys leading progressive reformers (b.
1872)
Gaston Chevrolet, Swiss-born race car driver
and manufacturer (b. 1892)
November 27 Alexius Meinong, Austrian philoso-
pher (b. 1853)

November 30 Eugene W. Chan, American politi-
cian (b. 1852)
3.12 December
December 11 Olive Schreiner, South African
writer (b. 1855)
December 12 Edward Gawler Prior, Canadian
mining engineer and politician (b. 1854)
December 14 George Gipp, American football
player (b. 1895)
3.13 Date unknown
Manuel de la Cmara y Libermoore, Spanish admi-
ral (b. 1835)
4 Nobel Prizes
Physics Charles douard Guillaume
Chemistry Walther Nernst
Medicine Schack August Steenberg Krogh
Literature Knut Hamsun
Peace Lon Victor Auguste Bourgeois
5 References
[1] Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry ocial: result of overcom-
ing obstacles by rst Azerbaijani diplomats was interna-
tional recognition in Versailles. Today.az. 2009-07-03.
Retrieved 2013-03-13.
27
[2] Nthling, Kol C.J., Martins, Maj du P. (1990). Kro-
niek van die Suid-Afrikaanse Lugmag (1920-1990), (1st
ed.). Direktoraat Openbare Betrekkinge, SAW. Uit-
gewer: Staatsdrukkery, Pretoria. Gedruk deur Promedia
Drukkers, Posbus 255, Silverton, 0127.
[3] Declaration of 1 November 1922.
[4] Cottrell, Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913-1923.
Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-9966.
[5] Woodward, David R. (September 2004). Robertson, Sir
William Robert, rst baronet (18601933)". Oxford Dic-
tionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford Uni-
versity Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/35786. Retrieved
2007-12-07. (subscription or UK public library member-
ship required)
[6] June 13 On-This-Day.com
[7] Carlisle, Rodney (2007). World War I. Facts on File. p.
291. ISBN 0-8160-6061-4.
[8] 1st World Jamboree. The Pine Tree Web. 1998. Re-
trieved 2011-02-23.
[9] O'Farrell, Patrick (2004). Mannix, Daniel (1864
1963)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ox-
ford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/55446. Re-
trieved 2011-11-11.
[10] ja: # (Japanese language) Retrieved January 15,
2016.
[11] Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassells Chronology of World
History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 488490.
ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
[12] Based on its genetic history. HIV pandemics origins
located. University of Oxford. 2014-10-03. Retrieved
2014-10-29.
[13] Isaac Asimov. In Memory Yet Green. The date of my
birth, as I celebrate it, was January 2, 1920. It could not
have been later than that. It might, however, have been
earlier. Allowing for the uncertainties of the times, of
the lack of records, of the Jewish and Julian calendars,
it might have been as early as October 4, 1919. There is,
however, no way of nding out. My parents were always
uncertain and it really doesn't matter. I celebrate January
2, 1920, so let it be.
28 6 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

6 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

6.1 Text
1920 Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920?oldid=769361855 Contributors: 0, Magnus Manske, Derek Ross, Mav, RobLa, Jeron-
imo, Clasqm, Gareth Owen, Andre Engels, Danny, XJaM, Rmhermen, Gianfranco, Deb, SimonP, Ktsquare, Zoe, Camembert, Defren-
rokorit, DW, Montrealais, Hephaestos, Bernfarr, DennisDaniels, Edward, Jazz77, Infrogmation, Gabbe, Ixfd64, Skysmith, Minesweeper,
Looxix~enwiki, Ahoerstemeier, Stan Shebs, Nanshu, Docu, Samuelsen, Jdforrester, Kingturtle, Rlandmann, DropDeadGorgias, Pratyeka,
Error, Poor Yorick, Nikai, Big iron, Hectorthebat, John K, Lancevortex, Wfeidt, Hashar, Uriber, Smith03, Ntnon, RodC, Zoicon5, Fi-
bonacci, Ed g2s, , Topbanana, Kwantus, Dmetric, Warofdreams, Jusjih, Camerong, Flockmeal, RadicalBender, Dimadick, MK~enwiki,
Robbot, NightCrawler, Pigsonthewing, Jaredwf, RedWolf, Chocolateboy, Academic Challenger, Nilmerg, Hemanshu, Humus sapiens,
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theory, Mzajac, Mikko Paananen, Roisterer, Gene s, Aeonite, Ary29, Vasile, Sam Hocevar, Neutrality, Urhixidur, Marcus2, Picapica,
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Miner, 3424grwter, Lariofew432, I2padams and Anonymous: 539

6.2 Images
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cense: Public domain Contributors: Own work (Original text: self-made;) Image:China blank map (1936).svg. Original artist: User:PhiLiP
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File:5_Prohibition_Disposal(9).jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/5_Prohibition_Disposal%289%
29.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: Vintage periods Original artist: Unknown<a href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718'
title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/
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6.2 Images 29

File:Amedeo_Modigliani_Photo.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Amedeo_Modigliani_Photo.jpg

License: Public domain Contributors: Museum Fine Art Artist Biography [1]
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File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1991-039-11,_Richard_v._Weizscker.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
b/b4/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1991-039-11%2C_Richard_v._Weizs%C3%A4cker.jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 de Contributors:
This image was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the German Federal Archive (Deutsches Bundesarchiv) as part of a
cooperation project. The German Federal Archive guarantees an authentic representation only using the originals (negative
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known<a href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https://upload.
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tion Contributors: Presidency of the Italian Republic Original artist: Unknown<a href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718'
title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/
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cense: Public domain Contributors: http://www.albanianhistory.net/texts20_1/AH1919.html Original artist: Unknown<a
href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718' src='https:
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Immediate source: https://meetmeatthemoviespage.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/gene-tierney1.jpg Original artist: Unknown
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cense: ? Contributors:
from the public domain episode the big september man
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27Neill_as_Abbe_Busoni.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.
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File:Javier_Prez_de_Cullar.JPG Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Javier_P%C3%A9rez_de_Cu%
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domain Contributors: This media is available in the holdings of the National Archives and Records Administration, cataloged under the
ARC Identier (National Archives Identier) 173674. Original artist: Jack E. Kightlinger
30 6 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

File:Juan_Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Juan_

Antonio_Samaranch_DF-ST-01-00128.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: http://www.dodmedia.osd.mil/DefenseLINK_Search/
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License: Public domain Contributors: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Karl_Gustavovich_Faberge.jpg Original artist: User:Jack1956
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License: Public domain Contributors: Bridgeman Art Gallery Archives Larousse, Paris, France / Giraudon / The Bridgeman Art Library
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Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons. Original artist: The original uploader was ThutmoseIII at English Wikipedia
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main Contributors: http://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/2_EMsRKtaUe4N3hAs4p1DA.aspx Original artist: Photograph in the John
F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston. "
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April_1942.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: page 40 Original artist: Macfadden Publications
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Carranza.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: The Worlds Work, 1915: https://archive.org/stream/worldswork31gard#page/124/
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License: Public domain Contributors: eBay Original artist: Mothers Cookies, San Diego, CA.
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6.3 Content license 31

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