Professional Documents
Culture Documents
08ZZ
The Glosario
World del
Bank Banco
Glossary Mundial
English-Spanish Ingles-Espanol
Spanish-English Espanol-Ingles
Foreword ................................................................................................ iv
Prefacio ................................................................................................... v
Foreword
This edition of the World Bank Glossary has been revised and expanded by the
Terminology Unit of the Bank's Translation, Interpretation and Conference Services Division, in
close collaboration with the English and Spanish Translation Sections.
The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff
using Spanish in their work, and free-lance translators and interpreters employed by the Bank. For
this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to
the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and
others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of the terms, relating to such
fields as agriculture, education, environment, housing, law, technology and transportation, could be
found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference.
Conunents and suggestions from users will be most welcome and should be addressed to:
Terminology Unit
Translation, Interpretation and Conference Services Division
World Bank
1818 H Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20433
USA
Glosario del Banco Mundial
Prefacio
Esta ediciOn del Glosario del Banco Mundial ha sido revisada y ampliada por ]a Unidad de Tenninologia
de ]a DivisiOn de Servicios de Traducci6n, Interpretacion y Conferencias del Banco, en esttecha colaboraci6n
con ]as Secciones de Traducciones a1 Espaiiol y a1 Ingles.
El Glosario tiene par objeto seIVir de ayuda a los traductores e inteIpretes del Banco. a otros
funcionarios que utilizan el idioma espaiiol en su trabajo, y a los traductores e interpretes independientes que
el Banco contrata. Por esta raz6n, el Glosario contiene no sOlo tenninos financieros y econ6micos y
expresiones relacionadas con los procedirnientos y pril.cticas del Banco. sino tambien algunos vocablos que
suelen emplearse en sus documentos. asi como otros para los cua1es se prefiere una detenninada traducci6n.
Aunque muchos tenninos -propios de esferas como agricultura, educaci6n, medio ambiente, vivienda.
derecho. tecnologia y tnmsportes- pueden encontrarse en otras :fuentes. se han incluido aqui para &cilitar ]a
consulta.
Tenninology Unit
Translation, Interpretation and Conference Services Division
World Bank
1818 H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20433
BE.UU.
English-Spanish Glossary
Glosario ingles-espaiiol
Depreciation at a higher than usual rate in the
early years of an asset's life and a lower than usual
rate in the later years of its life.
-A-
accelerated recall [MOV]
reintegro acelerado
"II:' loan
prestamo "A" accelerated recovery
Standard World Bank loan. recuperacion acelerada
Recovery of currency used in lending operations
abatement technologies subject to maintenance or value. Recovery is
teemcas de reduccion de la contaminacion accelerated at the request of the member, provided
Technologies designed to reduce (but not that such recovery does not result in a material
eliminate) the amount of pollutants released into reduction of the sum of repurchases.
the environment, e.g. from a factory.
acceleration of maturity (of a loan) [mRD]
above quota aceleracion, adelanto del vencimiento
por encima de la cuota Declaration by a lender that the outstanding
principal is due and payable immediately, together
above the line (item) with the interest due, following non-compliance
(partida) ordinaria with loan covenants.
A customary balance-sheet or revenue-or-expense
position in a financial statement as compared to a acceptance, accepting house [UK]
below the line item. casa de aceptaciones
Merchant bank in the u.K. specializing in
absolute poor accepting bills or eIchange.
personas, grupos que viven en la pobreza
absoluta acceptance; bank acceptance; banker's acceptance
Those with an average annual per capita income of aceptacion banearia
less than that needed to pay for a minimum A bill or exchange which has been accepted by a
consumption basket, based on the food necesary banker.
for a recommended calorie intake, and for nonfood
needs, consistent with the spending patterms of the acceptance rate (by beneficiaries of a project)
poor. This rate will vary from country to country. tasa de aceptacion
basket extractor, exit mechanism [GAIT] Saudi Arabian (gravity API 34 degrees) light
mecanismo de salida de cesta crude oil employed as the standard on which
GAIT mechanism that triggers new quotas in the OPEC price changes have been based.
textile field semiautomatically within existing
restraint agreements. benchmark jobs
empleos de referenda
basket unit
unidad de Ja cesta de monedas; unidad benchmark portfolio
monetaria compuesta cartera modeJo
An assessment of the most efficient passive
basket unit of account portfolio strategy the Bank could adopt for each
unidad de cuenta basada en una cesta de major currency if it decided to abandon its active
monedas trading strategy while keeping an average portfolio
A unit of account linked to a basket of currencies. duration of 12 months.
border industry
industria fronteriza
23
bush fallow
barbecbo en maleza
Poor quality land covered with scrubby vegetation.
business accounting
contabilidad de empresa, comereial
business community
medios, esferas, circulos empresariales,
comerciales
business expenses
gastos de explotacion, de operacion
business line
actividad comereial; ramo
business plan
plan de actividades (empresariales)
buyer's market
mereado de compradores; mercado favorable a
los compradores
28
calling in of a currency
retiro de una moneda de la circulacion;
~C~ desmonetizacion
calorie intake
calendar quarter ingestion de calorias
trimestre del ailo civil
calving rate
call for capital; call of capital tasa de paricion
requerimiento de capital The number of calves born alive in any year
Request for paying in of callable capital. expressed as a percentage of the number of
females let to the bull in the previous year.
call in a loan, to
exigir el reembolso de un prestamo cancellation
condonacion (de una deuda); anulacion;
call loan cancelaci6n
prestamo a la vista Voiding a debt by annulling or paying it.
A loan on a demand basis (Le. which either the
borrower or lender may terminate at will). cancelled debt
deuda anulada
call money; day to day money; demand money;
money at call cap
dinero exigible; dinero a la vista tope; a veces: contrato, prestamo con interes
Money deposited in an interest~bearing account, tope
that can be called by the depositor on a day's A floating rate note with an upper limit on the
notice. Often applied to money lent by banks to interest rate to be paid.
stock exchange brokers, which may be called at
any time. capability {urban development]
capacidad
call of capital see call for capital
capacity see rated capacity
call option
opcion de compra capital see also commercial capital; domestic
Option to purchase designated securities at a capital formation; equilibrating capital flow;
predetermined price within a specified time limit. equity capital; floating capital; foreign capital;
frozen capital; General Capital Increase; gross
call order contract fixed capital formation; incremental capital-output
contrato de servicios ocasionales ratio; loan capital; marginal efficiency of capital;
Contract whereby an entreprise engages staff on a noncash working capital; official capital; overhead
short-term basis but does not know when it needs capital; paid-in (share) capital; paid~up capital;
them so reserves the right to call them when public (capital) expenditure; quasi~uity;
needed. recycling (of capital); return of capital; return on
capital; return to capital; risk capital; seed capital;
callable (capital, subscription) Selective Capital Increase; share capital; social
exigible overhead capital; uncalled capital; unimpaired
That part of capital which is not yet paid up and capital; venture capital; volatile capital; working
on which payments can be called for. capital
ceylon cotton; tree cotton; Siam cotton; China charge of capital; carrying cost (of capital)
cotton costo de inactividad del capital
algodon arbOreo The interest on debit balances.
claim [mining]
denuncio; concesion
36
coastal strip country collect call~ transfer charge call; reverse charge
pais de Iranja litoral estrecha call
Country consisting of a small strip of land with an lIamada de eobro revertido
outlet to the sea. Examples include Gambia and
Togo. collection of data
recopilacion de datos
codetermination~ comanagement~ management
participation system collection of taxes
cOgesDon; coadministracion; sistema de recaudacion de impuestos
participadon en la gestion, administracion
System which gives employees the right to be collective self-reliance
represented in the decisions of a corporation. autosuficienda colectiva; confianza de la
colectividad en sf misma
co-exposure [insurance] Term used to describe the economic independence
riesgo conjunto of the developing countries from the industrial
countries and economic cooperation among the
cofinanc(i)er developing countries. Embodied in the Arusha
cofinandador Programme for Collective Self-Reliance, 1979.
commuter complementarity
viajero frecuente 0 cotidiano (por razones de complementacion; aspectos complementarios
trabajo, de negocios) The provision of funds from extra sources. Used to
refer to cofinancing arrangements.
40
controlled plot; control plot convertible release (of 18% currency) [ffiRD]
parcel a testigo, de control liberacion con autorizacion de convertibilidad
Release by Bank member of its 18% currency for
controlling interest lending or relending, with permission granted to
participacion mayoritaria the Bank to exchange the 18% currency for the
Ownership of a corporation in excess of fIfty currency of any other member.
percent. Can also be used for ownership of less
than fifty percent if the remainder of the stock is cooperative program
distributed among many owners. programa de cooperacion
cost and fee contract see cost-plus (fixed fee) cost-plus (fixed fee) contract - CPFF; cost and fee
contract contract
contrato al costo mas bonorarios (fijos)
cost-benefit analysis A contract in which the parties agree that the
anMisis de costos-beneficios contractor will submit bills for payment based on
costs actually incurred plus a fixed fee.
cost-benefit ratio [UK]; benefit-cost ratio [US]
relaci6n costos-beneficios cost-plus percentage (fee) contract; cost-plus
percentage of cost contract - CPPC
cost center contrato al costo mas un porcentaje
centro de costos (honorarios)
An organizational unit for which accounts are A contract in which the parties agree that the
maintained containing direct costs for which the contractor will submit bills for payment based on
head of the center is accountable. costs actually incurred plus a percentage of those
costs.
cost-effective
eficaz en fund6n de los costos; eficiente y de cost-plus pricing system
costo minimo; eficiente y de costo mas bajo sistema de determinacion de precios en funcion
del costo mas honorarios
cost-effectiveness
eficacia en funci6n de los costos cost price
precio de costo
cost estimate
estimacion de costos; presupuesto cost pricing
determinacion del precio de costo; fijacion de
cost, insurance and freight - CIF precios en funci6n del costo
tosto, seguro y nete - c.i.f.
Applies to goods where the seller must pay the
costs and freight necessary to take the goods to the
named destination and procures any insurance
required.
48
course interchange [education] credit see also back-to-back credit; financial credit
curso de elementos intercambiables
In education, a course with interchangeable credit account [IDA]
features. cuenta del credito
Account opened by IDA on its books in the name
covenants [loan agreements] of a borrower to which the amount of a credit is
estipulaciones credited.
current ratio; working capital ratio cutoff rate (of return) [projects]
relacion corriente [America Latina]; coeficiente tasa de rentabilidad aceptable, de desistimiento;
de soJvencia [Espana] tasa limite de rentabilidad aceptable
Ratio of current assets to current liabilities. It is The rate of interest (commonly the opportunity
the main liquidity ratio. cost of capital or the accounting rate of interest,
Little-Mirrlees method, or the consumption rate
current revenues of interest, UNIDO method) below which capital
ingresos corrientes; ingresos fiscales corrientes investment projects should be rejected. It is often
taken to be the opportunity cost of capital. The
current terms, in cutoff rate would be the minimum acceptable
en terminos, cifras corrientes internal rate of return for a project or the
discount rate used to calculate the net present
current value worth, the net benefit-investment ratio or the
valor actualizado (principal) benefit-cost ratio.
current yield
rendimiento corriente
curriculum
plan de estudios; curriculo
[see also core curriculum]
custom retrofitting
modificacion de productos fabricados en serie
Debtor Reporting System [World Bank] deepening see capital deepening; capital
Sistema de notificacion de la deuda aI Banco deepening investment; financial deepening
Mundial
deepening of the industrial structure
decapitalize modernizacion de la estructura industrial
descapitalizar
default [ICSID]
decision-maker rebeldia (unicamente en el sentido del Art.
persona responsable de adoptar decisiones 45[2J del Convenio)
dual-purpose cattle
ganado de doble finalidad
Cattle used both for beef and milk.
dummy variable
variable ficticia, artificial, simulada
A constructed variable used as a means of
including factors that are not naturally quantifiable
in an econometric model. It may assume two and
only two values (usually 1 and 0) used to represent
the presence of a factor and its opposite or
absence.
dumping
dumping
dung cake
torta de esth~rcol
dutiable
sujeto al cobro, al pago de derechos
duty-free
libre, exento de derechos
duty station
lugar de destino
dwelling core
nueleo habitacional; vivienda minima
The basic shell of a building often constructed to
allow family or self-help groups to have basic
housing and add additional features themselves.
earthfill dam
presa, represa de terraplen
-E- Dam constructed of excavated earth material.
ex factory price; price ex factory; factory gate price expectation [mathematics] see expected value
precio en fabrica
The manufacturing cost excluding cost of expected value
distribution. valor esperado
The mean value of single obseIVations drawn from
exhaustion of local administrative or juridical a finite or infinite universe in repeated samplings.
remedies [ICSID]
(exigir) el agotamiento previo de las vias expendable equipment
administrativas 0 judiciales (de un Estado) material fungible
expert appraisal and the project boundary and the point where the
tasacion, avaluo pericial; peritaje cif or fob price is quoted.
extension [building]
ampliacion
extension officer
oficial de extension, de divulgacion agricola
A higher-level staff member providing assistance
and advice to farmers.
[see also agricultural extension officer]
fine tuning (of the economy) 1. Reduction in real income due to the increase
afinamiento (de la economia) in income from inflation, resulting in income
earners being placed in higher tax brackets.
firm bid rule 2. Action by public financial authorities with
nonna de oferta finne regard to economic activity.
Principle that a bid is irrevocable for a reasonable
time after bid opening. fiscal gap
deficit fiscal
first in, first out - FIFO
salida en el orden de adquisicion, fabricacion, fiscal policy
etc. politica fiscal
[see also last in, first out]
fiscal revenue
first-loss deductible [insurance] ingresos fiscales, tributarios
franquicia correspondiente a la primera
perdida fiscal transparency
transparencia fiscal
first ranking security Refers to the situation whereby certain partners
garantla de primer grado and associates in certain companies are deemed to
be the same as the company for taxation purposes.
first refusal right; preemptive right Used in France.
derecho prioritario, preferencial, de
preferencia, de prelacion fiscal year; financial year
Right to have the first opportunity to purchase real ejercicio (economico)
estate when such becomes available, or right to
meet any other offer. fishing by lamplight; lamplight fishing
pesca con luz artificial, aI encandilado
first year rule - FYR [project analysis]
regia del primer aDo five day biochemical oxygen demand see
A method of determining when to start a project. biochemical oxygen demand over five days -
Two time streams of costs and benefits (using one- BOD5
year intervals of discounting) are subtracted. The
project should be delayed by one year if the net fixed assets see capital assets
present value of this figure is negative.
fixed capital see capital assets
fiscal agent
agente financiero fixed cost contract; fixed price contract
A bank appointed by the borrower as its agent for contrato a precio fijo
a new issue of securities when no trustee has been
appointed. Its functions include those of a fixed costs
principal paying agent and a number of the costos, gastos fijos
clerical functions but none of the fiduciary
responsibilities of a trustee. fixed investment
inversion en capital fijo
fiscal balance
equilibrio fiscal, del presupuesto fixed price contract; fixed cost contract
A balance between the receipts and expenditures contrato a precio fijo
of a government (not just taxes).
fixed-rate financing
fiscal drag financiamiento con tipo de interes fijo
lutre fiscal; remora fiscal; freno fiscal
86
flood irrigation; spate irrigation flow see capital flow; capital inflow; cash flow;
riego por inundacion cash inflows; concessional flow; discounted cash
A method of irrigation in which water is made to flow; equilibrating capital flow; financial flows;
cover the surface of the land to a considerable funds flows; inflow of capital; nonconcessional
depth and remains for a considerable period, after flows; official flows; other official flows; student
which so much of it as has not soaked in is drawn flow
off, leaving the land ready for the growing of
crops. flow chart; process chart
grafico de circulacion; diagrama de
flooding see controlled flooding movimiento, de flujo, de produccion, de
secuencia, de procedimiento
floodplain A graph or chart that illustrates the movement of
lIanura inundada, de inundacion; terreno money, credit, goods or some other economic
aluvial, de a1uvion element through various stages. In computer
terminology it is a diagram of the processing of a
floodplain agriculture, cultivation problem in a computer by means of symbols and
agricultura, cultivo en tierras de aluvion lines to show either the logic and sequence of
specific program operations or a system of
flood recession crop processing to achieve certain objectives.
cultivo de decrecida
Crop planted on land which has recently been flow meter; flowmeter
flooded. caudalimetro
A meter that indicates the rate of flow of water.
floodway; high-flow diversion
canal de derivacion flow of funds see funds flow
Natural or man-made bypass channels or conduits
that redirect flood waters around or away from fluidized bed combustion
urban centers or area of high population density. combustion en lecho fluidizado
A method of burning particulate fuel such as coal
floor price in which the amount of air required for
precio minimo combustion far exceeds that found in conventional
Usually established by the government, the burners. The fuel particles are continually fed into
smallest price that a seller is allowed to charge. a bed of mineral ash in the proportions of 1 part
fuel to 200 parts ash, while a flow of air passes up
floor rate of exchange through the bed, causing it to act like a turbulent
tipo de cambio minimo fluid.
The minimum rate of exchange.
focus group
reuniones de grupos de representantes de los
interesados; grupo muestra elegido
88
follow-up foodstuffs
seguimiento; complemento; etc. productos alimentarios
gender issues
cuestiones que afectan a la mujer; cuestiones
-G- relativas a las desigualdades entre los sexos, a
las diferencias de roles del hombre y la mujer; a
veces: discriminacion sexual
galloping inflation
inftacion galopante gene bank [plants]
banco de genes
game see management game; negative sum game;
plus sum game; zero sum game gene pool
reserva genetica, genic a
gap
brecha; deficit; diferencia General Algebraic Modeling System - GAMS
[IBRD]
gap theory sistema de modelos a1gebraicos generales
teoria de recuperacion de los bosques
The process by which tropical forest regenerates General Capital Increase - GCI
spaces opened by windfalls. aumento general del capital
guidelines
directrices; pautas, normas generales
guiding price
precio indicativo
102
hydrochiorotluorocaIbon HCFC
hidrocloronuorocarbono - HCFC
A substitute for chlorofluorocarbons.
hydrofluorocarbon - HFC
hidronuorocarbono - mc
A substitute for chlorofluorocarbons.
implicit deflator and the project boundary and the point where the
denactor implicito cif or fob price is quoted.
Obtained by taking each component of gross
national product in as fine detail as possible and import quota
deflating it from current data. Once deflated the cuota, cupo de importacion
components are again aggregated to obtain GNP in
constant dollars. import subsidy
subvencion, subsidio a las importaciones
implicit gross domestic product deflator
denactor implicito del producto interno bruto import substitution
A deflator calculated by dividing, for each year of sustitucion de importaciones
the period, the value of GDP in current market
prices by the value of GDP in constant market import surcharge
prices, both in national currency. recargo a la(s) importacion(es)
indifference curve
curva de indiferencia
111
interest coverage ratio - ICR; times interest earned interest (rate) sensitivity
ratio sensibilidad a las tasas de interes
relacion de eobertura de intereses Rate-sensitive assets as a percentage of rate-
Net income before interest expenses divided by sensitive liabilities
interest expenses. IFC's definition is "The number
of times income, after deducting all expenses interest (rate) swap
except borrowing charges and provision for losses, intereambio, swap de tipos de interes
covers borrowing charges." An agreement to exchange floating rate payments
for fixed-rate payments in the same currency.
interest during construction - IDC
intereses durante la constl1lccion interest rebate
Interest payable on long-term or short-term debt rebaja de intereses
incurred to finance capital works (e.g. plant or
road construction in progress) in a fiscal year. interest service ratio
Financing charges, including commitment fees, coefieiente del servicio de los intereses
should also be included. IDC is frequently Ratio of payment of interest on debt to exports of
capitalized (or charged to the project cost) until goods and services.
the asset is commissioned or as a capital
expenditure item it is transferred to a deferred interest subsidy, subsidization
charges or deferred capital expenditure account. subvencion de intereses
For Bank projects IDC should be computed as part
of project costs to determine total financing Interest Subsidy Fund [= Third Window]
requirements. Fondo de Subvencion de Intereses [= Tercera
Ventanilla]
interest earnings, income A lending facility to extend loans to the
ingresos por intereses developing countries on terms intermediate
between those charged by the Bank and IDA. Now
interest equalization tax discontinued.
impuesto de igualacion, de equiparaeion de
intereses interest support
A tax on foreign investments for the purpose of apoyo de los intereses
curtailing the outflow of private funds.
interfuel substitution
interest income, earnings sustitucion de combustibles
ingresos por intereses
Interim Committee [IMF]
interest leakage Comite Provisional
fluctuacion de los tipos de intem debida a la
fuga de capitales interim financial statement
Changes in U.S. interest rates due to movement of estado financiero intermedio
funds from the U.S. to the Eurodollar markets.
interindustry linkages
interest rate cap [ffiRD] eslabonamientos interindustriales, entre
tope de los tipos de interes industrias
A limit on the amount of interest that can be levied
on a variable rate loan. Proposed for ffiRD. interlocking debt
deuda(s) reciproca(s)
interest-rate differential
margen, diferencia entre tipos, tasas de interes
issues paper
documento de exposicion de problemas; Temas
del Banco Mundial [mRD]
item [budget]
partida
[see also tariff item]
119
joint venture
soeiedad en participacion; empresa, operacion
-J- conjunta
jumbo borrowiog(s)
jeopardy clause; escape clause; break clause (obtenci6n de) emprestitos gigantescos
clausula de salvaguardia, de elusion, de escape Borrowing or lending in large quantities; usually
A clause in a Eurocurrency agreement specifying refers to amounts in excess of US $250,000.
that, if certain events curtail the lender's activity or
the operation of the Euromarkets, other designated junior creditor
actions will come into effect. acreedor no prioritario
joint committee
comite conjunto; comision conjunta
-K-
key data
datos clave, basicos
key species
especies esenciales
Species that have a more profound impact on their
ecosystem than other species. They are organisms
which provide critical support through webs of
interactions to the existence of other species.
knapsack spraying
rociado, fumigacion con tanque lIevado a la
espalda
know-how
conocimientos tecnicos, tecnologicos
121
lagging indicator
indicador retrospectivo
A statistic that does not change till after the
economy in general has changed, e.g. the value of
construction completed.
labor costs
costos de mano de obra; costos del (actor lamplight fishing; fishing by lamplight
trabajo; costos laborales pesca con luz (artificial), aI encandilado
latrine see bucket latrine; cistern flush latrine; pit lead time of a project
latrine; pour flush latrine; vault toilet; ventilated periodo de gestacion de un proyecto
improved pit latrine
123
life cycle cost evaluation Sea, where the lenders had no recourse to BP if
evaluacion de los costos durante la vida litil (de there was insufficient oil).
equipos)
Evaluation of equipment over its whole life, line breeding
including initial purchase, maintenance and cruzamiento continuo; cruzamiento absorbente
operation. Special form of inbreeding to maintain a high
genetic relationship to a desirable ancestor.
life expectancy
esperaoza de vida line department
departamento ejecutivo, de ejecucion, de
lifeline tariff operaciones
tarifa minima, vital [see also line ministry]
A special low tariff for a commodity (e.g. gas or
electricity) made available to disadvantaged line-haul [transportation]
groups (e.g. poor or elderly) or to all consumers transporte, acarreo entre term inales
but only up to a certain amount.
line item [budget]
lifelong education; continuing education; recurrent partida (presupuestaria)
education A specific revenue or expenditure separately
educacion permanente detailed in a budget.
lock gate price; sluice price; sluice gate price long-term prime rate - LTPR
precio de compuerta tipo, tasa preferenciaJ a largo plazo
A theoretical cif price used in calculating Prime rate used in Japan.
European Communities supplementary levies on
impons of pork, poultIy and eggs. longitudinal survey
encuesta longitudinaJ
logging [forestIy] Surveys of limited populations in purposively
corte y extraccion de madera en trozas; selected areas, recording events as they actually
exp]otacion forestal; extraccion de madera occur (as opposed to making estimates).
loss provision; provision for losses; reserve for low income country
losses pais de ingreso bajo
reserva para perdidas
low load factor consumer [electricity]
low absorber [country] consumidor de bajo factor de carga
pais de baja capacidad de absorcion A consumer using a low amount of electricity.
Oil exporting capital surplus country that has
been able to make very limited use of oil revenues low standard road
for domestic development. Includes Saudi Arabia camino, carretera de normas reducidas, bajas
and Kuwait.
low voltage consumer [electricity]
lower heating value; net heating value - NHV; net consumidor de bajo voltaje
calorific value - NCV
poder calorifico neto - peN lump sum borrowing [IFC]
emprestito de suma global
lower middle income country - LMIC A currency-specific borrowing made in a lump
pais de ingreso mediano bajo sum by IFC from IBRD for its short-term future
Developing country with a per capita income in needs.
1980 exceeding $600 but below $1200. Include
some Latin American countries, some South-East lump sum contract [consultants]
Asian ones (such as Philippines and Thailand), contrato a suma alzada
Mediterranean countries (such as Morocco and Contract where payments are based on an agreed
Tunisia) and some sub-Saharan African countries lump sum with no matching of inputs to payment
(such as Cote d'Ivoire and Nigeria). being made once the figure has been agreed.
manageable
controlable; manejable; gobemable; etc.
-M-
managed costs
gastos generales directos
macro-level accountability Discretionary and direct overhead expenses for
responsabilidad macroeconomica which budget units are responsible.
Macroeconomic accountability (including financial
accountability and accountability for overall managed economy
economic performance), e.g. congruence between economia dirigida
public policy and actual implementation, the
efficient allocation and use of public resources and management see asset and liability management;
external auditing and follow-up to this auditing. cash management; collegial management;
comanagement; corporate management; country
Enacromanagement assistance management; demand management;
macrogestion economic management; IDA management fee;
labor-management relations; liability
main contractor; prime, principal contractor management; line management; liquidity
contratista principal, primario management; participative management; project
management; range management; risk
mainframe computer management; supply management; water
gran computadora; gran ordenador [Espana] management; watershed management
marginal soil(s)
suelo(s) de fertilidad marginal, de baja
fertilidad
134
matrix reporting
respoosabilidad ante mas de una autoridad,
entidad, jefe
Staff or offices reporting to more than one agency.
136
merchant bank [UK] see investment bank [US] MlBOR [= Madrid Interbank Offered Rate1
MIBOR (tipo, tasa de oferta interbancaria de
merger Madrid)
fusion
microdata
merit goods microdatos; datos detallados
bienes preferentes, deseables; bienes de interes
social micro-level accountability
Goods the consumption of which is deemed to be responsabilidad microeconomica
intrinsically desirable. In the case of such goods it Microeconomic accountability, e.g. ensuring
is argued that consumer sovereignty does not hold efficiency in investment and in the production and
and that if consumers are unwilling to purchase delivery of goods and services.
adequate quantities of such goods they should be
compelled or encouraged to do so. Examples are micromanagement
education and health services. microgestion
Metals and Minerals Price Index [ffiRD] Midterm Review - MTR [IDA]
indice de precios de los metales y minerales examen de mediados del periodo (de una
reposicion)
meter rent [electricity] Review of IDA resources in the middle of a
cargo por medidor, por contador replenishment period.
The income received from electricity metering.
138
natural gas liquids - NGL net book value; current equity investment; net
Iiquidos de gas natural investment
valor contable neto; inversion en capital social
near cash instruments corrientej inversion neta
instrumentos cuasimonetarios The contribution value plus covered retained
Instrument that can be converted to cash in a very earnings, less remitted earnings, less depreciation
short time. of assets or other commercial losses. Used by
some countries as a basis for computing the
near money; quasi-money amount of compensation.
cuasidinero
Assets which have properties resembling those of net calorific value - NCV; lower heating value; net
money in the strict sense. Includes savings heating value - NHV
deposits, time deposits, certificates of deposits, poder calorifico neto - peN
deposits in thrift institutions, etc. Total amount of heat produced by combustion less
the latent heat of evaporation of any water present
negative amortization loan in fuel before combustion.
prestamo de amortizacion negativa
Installment loan having the annuity principal as a net cash requirements - NCR
basis for computation, whose fixed periodic necesidades netas de efectivo
payments increase from time to time, e.g. Gross disbursements plus outstanding debts due to
annually, bi-annually. Iuitial installments mature, less repayments and sales of loans, less net
typically are insufficient to meet the interest income adjusted for non-cash items, less the in-
accruing on the loan principal and unpaid crease in usable capital.
balances of interest are added to the principal
outstanding. As the periodic installments increase
in value they become sufficient to meet the interest
143
net interest margin on average earning assets net reproduction rate - NRR
margen neto de interes sobre el promedio de tasa de reproduccion neta - TRN
activos productivos Number of daughters a newborn girl is projected to
Average interest return on loans and investments bear during her lifetime, assuming fixed age-
less average rate of debt interest expenses. Return specific fertility rates and a fixed set of mortality
on investments includes realized capital gains and rates.
losses.
net unrealized gain
net investment see net book value ganancia neta no realizada
The difference between unrealized gain and
net material product - NMP specific reserves in the equity portfolio.
producto material neto - PMN
The total amount of material goods and services net worth [individuals, private corporations]
associated with production supplied by the patrimonio neto
national economy. Used in the national accounting The excess of all assets over liabilities. In a
of the socialist countries. company this represents the net interests of the
owners, i.e. stockholders' equity.
net of taxes
deducidos los impuestos net worth see stockholders' equity [corporations]
nonpricecompetition nontuUfbarrier-~
competencia no relacionada con los precios barrera no arancelaria
Factors other than tariffs inhibiting international
nonprofit organization; not-for-profit organization trade. Include advance deposits on import
organizaci6n sin fines de lucro payments, customs and administrative procedures
and similar practices.
nonproject aid
asistencia, ayuda no destinada a proyectos nontradable [noun]
especificos, para fines generales bien no comerciable, no comercializable; no
exportable 0 importable
nonproprietary name A good that cannot be exported because its
nombre generico; denominaci6n comun domestic cost of production is higher than the
export (fob) price but lower than the import (cit)
nonpurpose loan price.
prestamo sin finalidad especifica
nontraded goods
nonrecourse finance bienes no comerciados, no comercializados, no
financiamiento sin posibilidad de recurso exportados 0 importados
A loan where the lenders look solely to the cash Tradable goods that for economic or policy
flow generated by the project being financed for reasons are neither imported nor exported, or
repayment. There is no recourse to the sponsor of inherently non-tradable goods.
the project, so that the lenders assume all the
commercial and political risks of the project. nontraded tradable; tradable but nontraded (good,
item)
nonrecourse participation bien comerciable no comerciado (etc.)
participacion sin posibilidad de recurso Goods which would usually be imported were it
Sales of participation in a company where the sale not for an import quota or outright ban enforced
is on a "nonrecourse" basis, i.e. the buyer has no against them.
recourse against the seller if the project fails to
generate money. "no objection" (procedure)
(procedimiento de) aprobaci6n tacita
nonrecurring expenses Procedure whereby a proposal is deemed approved
gastol euraordinariol if no objection is formally received by a specified
date.
nonregular staff - NRS
personal no permanente no recourse sale
venta sin recurso de rescision, irrevocable
nonreporting nonmember country Sale where the buyer has no legal recourse against
pais no miembro y no declarante the seller.
notice of registration
notification de registro
Notice sent to applicant on receipt of preliminary
application for guarantee to show that the
investment has been registered by MIGA.
nuclearization [education]
Dudearizadon
149
open cast, cut, pit, strip mining open registry flag; flag of convenience
explotacion a cielo abierto, a tajo abierto bandera de conveniencia, de favor
[Chile]
open tender; public tender
open economy licitacion publica
economia abierta
An economy which engages in international trade. open unemployment
desempleo evidente, manifiesto
open-ended commitment
compromiso sin plazo 0 volumen definidos operating account
cuenta de explotacion, operacion
open-ended contract; open-end contract Revenue and expense account.
contrato de duracion indefinida
A contract providing an unspecified amount of operating budget
goods or services over a period of time, which may presupuesto de explotacion, operacion
or may not be specified. A budget covering recurrent revenue and expense.
ozone layer
capa de ozono
An area of the stratospheric ozone about 12 to 30
miles in altitude where the intensity of short
wavelength ultraviolet light from the sun is high
enough to convert normal oxygen (02) to ozone
(0 3).
ozone sink
pozo de ozono
Atmospheric zone where ozone reacts with nitric
oxide to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen.
157
plant see base load station; biogas plant; biomass policy-based assistance
(power) plant; coal fired power station; diesel (medidas de) politica; politicas; asistencia en
(fired) power plant; oil fired power station; pithead apoyo de politicas
power plant; steam plant; step-down power
station; step-up power station policy-based lending; policy loans [mRD]
prestamos, financiamiento en apoyo de
plant and equipment reformas de politicas
instalaciones y bienes de equipo Loans made in support of policy and institutional
changes, rather than for specific projects.
plant breeder see breeder Normally given under the structural adjustment
and sector adjustment lending programs.
plant breeding
fitogenetica policy framework
marco normativo; marco de politic as;
plant cover normativa
cubierta vegetal
policy package
plant population conjunto de medidas de politica
densidad de siembra
policy paper
planting material documento de politica (sectorial, financiera,
material vegetativo; material de propagacion etc.)
prequalification documents were not and could not have been fully anticipated
documentos de precalificacion at the time of budget preparation.
publicly issued (bonds, etc.) pure time preference see rate of pure time
(bonos, etc.) emitidos mediante oferta publica preference
quasi-equity
cuasicapital
Includes equity-like instruments and other forms
of loans that have the form of equity or equity that
has the form of loans. An example is equity with a
put agreement, i.e. unlike normal equity, the
investor requires return of the equity, for example,
in five years at ten percent interest.
redundancy [staffing]
exceso de personal; reduction de personal; reembolso; refinanciacion
prescindencia; supresion de puestos
regional integration arrangements
reference rate of exchange [MIGA] acuerdos regionales de integraeion
tipo de cambio de referenda
The effective average rate of exchange applied by register see land register
the central bank or other foreign exchange
regulatory authority of the host country for the Register [ICSID]
exchange rate category concerned on the date of Registro
loss to conversion of the local currency into
guarantee currency. registered [vehicle]
matrieulado; inscrito
reference zone; target zone [foreign exchange]
zona de referenda registered (e.g. tradesmen)
A wide zone of exchange rates, perhaps plus or inscrito; registrado; automado
minus 10 per cent, within which a currency can
freely move against other currencies. Suggested at registered bond
the New York Plaza Agreement at the Group of bono nominativo
Five meeting, 9/85 and proposed by the French A bond whose ownership is recorded by the issuer.
Treasury 2/86, as a way to reduce major currency
swings. registered capital; share capital
capital social, accionario, en accionel
referral
remision; envio registered nurse
enfermero(a) diplomado(a)
refinancing
refinanciacion; refinanciamiento registered security
valor, titulo nominativo
reflation A security whose ownership is determined by the
reflacion name in which it is registered as opposed to a
bearer security whose ownership is determined by
reflecting pool who possesses it.
fondo indicativo [fondo comun de monedas]
Concept of movements in the currency pool registered seed
reflecting movements in the three main currencies semilla registrada
constituting the pool (US dollar, yen, mark). This The progeny of foundation or registered seed.
concept enables borrowers to predict changes in
the currency pool by watching changes in these registered share. stock; personal stock
three currencies on the world markets. acciones nominativas
Stock which cannot be transferred without placing
reforestation; reafforestation the signature of the owner upon the books of the
reforestacion; repoblacion forestal issuing corporation and delivery of the certificate.
Establishment of trees on ground that has been
cleared of trees. registrar [ICSID]
registrador
reform see land reform
registration [Stock Exchange]
refresher course inscripdon
corso de repaso; curso de adualizadon (para
refrescar los eonocimientos) regrading [highways]
renivelacion
182
rent recovery index [projects] replacement value see current (entry) value
Indice de recuperacion de la renta economica
The proportion of the economic rent created by a replenish (an account), to
project that accrues to project beneficiaries and is reponer; reconstituir
recovered from them.
replenishment of resources
rent-seeking reposicion de los recursos [AD]; reconstitucion
(sistema de) captacion de rentas de los recursos
The addition of funds to IDA. The Eleventh
repayment bond Replenishment starts fiscal year 1997.
fianza de reembolso
Form of performance bond issued by a bank as a replicability
repayment guarantee. posibilidad de repeticion, de duplicacion
revaluation factor [currency pool] reverse charge call; collect call; transfer charge
factor de revaluacion call
A ratio establishing the appreciation or lIamada de cobro revertido
depreciation due to exchange rate changes in the
U.S. dollar value of currencies in the pool from reverse transfer of technology
one date to another. It is calculated by dividing, as transferencia inversa de tecnologia
of any day, the total U.S. dollar value at the Transfer of technology from the developing to the
exchange rates of that day of the balances of developed countries.
currencies in the pool brought forward from the
previous day, by their total U.S. dollar value at the review clause; (periodic) review clause
exchange rates of the previous day. clliumla de examen (periodico)
Clause in a loan agreement which allows the
revealed comparative advantage - RCA lender to determine periodically whether stated
ventaja comparativa manifiesta, expllcita, objectives are being met.
evidente, etc.
Concept developed by Bela Balassa, it is measured review mission
by an item's share in the country's exports relative mision de exam en
to its share in world trade. If the share of the item
in the country's exports is more than the revised minimum standard model - RMSM
corresponding world share, then the country has a modelo estandar minimo modificado
revealed comparative advantage; if less, it has a An IBRD mathematical model of monetary
revealed comparative disadvantage. aggregates, covering a few basic economic
factors.
revenue see current revenues; fiscal revenue;
government revenues revolving credit
credito renovable, rotatorio, refinanciable
revenue account [national accounts] Any line of credit that be borrowed against up to a
cuenta de ingresos stated credit limit and into which repayments go
for crediting.
revenue-earning enterprise
empresa productiva, que produce ingresos revolving fund
fondo rotatorio
revenue recognition A fund for project-related expenditure.
registro de ingresos
In accounting, when income is deemed to have revolving underwriting facility - RUF; note
been received. IFC records dividends, profit issuance facility - NIF; prime underwriting facility
participations and fees (other than commitment -PUF
fees) as income when received. Income and servicio de emision de pagares - SEP
commitment fees are recorded as income on an A medium-term arrangement under which a bor-
accrual basis. It does not recognize income on rower can issue short-term paper (Euronotes)
loans where collectibility is in doubt and payments backed up by commercial bank underwriting
of principal or interest are past due more than commitments.
sixty days.
rhizomes; rootstock crops
revenue sharing rizomas; cultivos de rizomas
participacion en los ingresos (fiscales)
ribbon check irrigation see border check irrigation
revenue stamp
timbre fiscal rice see floating rice; floded rice; upland rice
188
rollover credit see revolving credit Rules of Procedure for Meetings of the Executive
Directors
rollover of gains Reglamento Interno para las Reuniones del
reutilizacion de las ganancias Directorio
runoff [water]
escorrentia; escurrimiento
runoff irrigation
riego por escorrentia, por escurrimiento
191
second generation special account - SGSA secondary transmission line; subtransmission line
cuenta especial secundaria linea de transmision secundaria, subtransmision
Special account set up for use by a specific Transmission line in a subtransmission system, i.e.
implementation unit that cannot readily access the one which supplies distribution substations from
special account to meet eligible expenditures as bulk power sources, such as large transmission
they occur. substations or generating stations.
self-adjustment self-sufficiency
autocorreccion; autorregolacion autosuficiencia; autonomia; autoabastecimiento
service see debt service; fee-for-services basis settlement (of a dispute) [ICSID]
arreglo (de una diferencia)
service; selvice line; supply line; connection
[electricity] settlement date
conexion de senicio fecha de cierre, de liquidacion
The date on which payment for a transaction must
service a loan, to be made.
atender el servicio de un prestamo
settlement of maintenance of value; maintenance
service and support fee [IFC] of value settlement
cargo por senicios liquidacion por concepto de mantenimiento del
Fee paid by IFC to the World Bank for the services valor
it receives from the Bank.
settling-in grant [IBRD]
service charge subsidio, asignacion para instalacion
cargo, comision por senicios Grant provided to assist new staff members in
meeting additional expenses (electrical appliances,
service industry furniture, car, etc.) associated with relocation to
industria de senicios the Greater Washington Metropolitan Area.
shadow pricing of the exchange rate see shadow share retention agreement [IFC]
exchange rate acuerdo de retencion de acciones
Agreement, under which a company agrees not to
shadow project sell the stock of another company in which IFC
proyecto compensatorio has an interest, until the loan has been reimbursed.
Project that would provide substitute
environmental services to compensate for the loss sharecropping
of the original assets. aparceria; medieria
slice and package [procurement] small and medium enterprises - SME; small- and
fraccionamiento de adquisiciones medium-scale enterprises - SMSE
Project where contractors and manufacturers may pequeiia y mediana empresa - PYME
bid for an individual contract (slice) or group of
similar contracts (package) rather than the whole small and medium industries - SMl; small- and
project. medium-scale industries - SMSI
pequena y mediana industria
"slice and package" contract
contrato fraccionado small-bore sewerage see effiuent sewerage
Contract allowing use of slice and package
technique. smallholder
pequeno agricultor
sliding-scale clause
chiusula de escala movil smallholding
pequeiia explotacion agricola
slippage; lag
retraso; demora; desfase small-scale enterprise - SSE
pequeiia empresa
slow onset emergency; quiet emergency
situacion de emergencia latente small-scale industry - SSI
Emergency which occurs over a period of time, pequeiia industria
such as a drought, and which rarely causes much
destruction of physical assets. small-scale irrigation
pequefia zona, pequeno proyecto de riego
sluggish growth
crecimiento lento smoothness ratio
coeficiente de uniformidad
sluice price; sluice gate price; lock gate
precio de compuerta [avicultura] snatching effect
A theoretical cif price used in calculating efecto de captacion incidental de beneficiarios
European Communities supplementary levies on The effect of creating incidental beneficiaries to a
imports of pork, poultry and eggs. project as well as those intended.
slum upgrading
mejoramiento de zonas, barrios de tugurios
201
soft loan affiliate source and use of funds statement see statement of
institucion afiliada que otorga el financiamiento changes in financial position
en condiciones concesionarias
203
sources and application of funds statement see special budget; extraordinary budget
statement of changes in financial position presupuesto extraordinario
squatter staff-month
ocupante sin titulo, i1egal, precario mes-funcionario
targeted grant see categorical grant controlling the volume of imports. All the revenue
thus obtained accrues the producer instead of the
targeted interventions government (in the form of tariffs).
intervenciones dirigidas
tariff quota
targeted programs cuota arancelaria; cupo, contingente
programas focalizados, dirigidos a grupos arancelario
especificos Specified volume (quota) of imports ofa good for a
given period defining the application of different
targeting rates of duty (tariffs), the lower are applying until
focalizaci6n the specified volume is reached, the higher rate
thereafter.
tariff
arancel; derecbo arancelario; derecbo de tariff rates
aduana, de importacion; tarifa tasas, derecbos arancelarios
[ see also also lifeline tarifl]
tariff round, negotiations
tariff barriers negociaciones arancelarias, sobre aranceles
barreras arancelarias
tariff schedule
tariff escalation arancel; tarifa [precios]
progresividad arancelaria; escalada, a1za de
tarifas tariff wedges
diferencias arancelarias
tariff item Difference between the tariff at a particular stage
partida arancelaria of processing and at the preceding stage.
tax burden
carga impositiva, tributaria, fiscal; presion
fiscal
The actual effect of a tax. For example, the tax
burden of income tax falls on the income-earner;
however, the burden of indirect taxes such as sales
taxes is generally passed on to the consumer.
219
twogap model
modelo de las dos brecbas
A mathematical model of the economy of a
country using twogap analysis, i.e. adjustments in
accumulation and trade in response to a unit
change in the available supply of foreign
resources.
2% currency [IBRDJ
monto del 2%
The portion of capital subscriptions payable in US
dollars.
twotier market
mercado de dos niveles
An exchange rate regime which normally insulates
a country from the balance of payments effects of
capital flows while it maintains a stable exchange
rate for current account transactions. Capital
transactions are normally required to pass through
a "financial" market while current transactions go
through an "official" market, though other
arrangements are possible. Examples are found in
Belgium and the United Kingdom, though France
and Italy have experimented with such systems.
twotier meeting
reunion en dos niveles
Meeting arranged for public officials, where one
meeting is for toplevel officials and another,
overlapping meeting, for middle-level officials.
two-track development
dos ritmos, trayectorias de desarrollo
Development where one group develops at a much
faster rate than another, e.g. the Asian countries
develop more rapidly than Latin America and Sub-
Saharan Africa.
untapped resources
recursos inexplotados
233
urbanization economies
economias de urbanizacion
Economies of scale external to both individual
firms and industries. They reflect the sum of
private and public investments in specific
locations, as well as the pools of labor and capital
and financial, legal and public services.
urban sprawl
crecimiento urbano (no planificado)
urban sprinkling
proliferacion de asentamientos urbanos
Development of small but swiftly growing urban
areas in a generally undeveloped region.
useful life
vida util
user friendly
de usofacil
utilities
(empresas de) servicios publicos
[see also public utilities]
value-added tax - VAT; tax on value added ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; VIP latrine
impuesto ai, sobre el valor agregado, anadido - letrina de pozo mejorada con ventilacion
IVA A pit latrine (i.e. a latrine consisting of a pit, a
squatting plate (or seat and riser) and foundation,
value based accounting see current cost (value) and a superstructure) where the pit is slightly
accounting offset to make room for an external vent pipe,
painted black and located on the sunny side of the
value date latrine superstructure so that the air in the vent
fecha de valor pipe will heat up and create an updraft with a
The calendar date on which a transaction takes corresponding down draft through the squatting
place. plate.
vitamin deficiency
avitaminosis
236
volumetric charge
cargo (aplicado) seglin volumen de descarga
Charge levied for water pollution, based on
volume of wastewater discharged rather than on
concentration of pollutants in the water. Cf.
strength charge.
voting power
derechos de voto
voting right
derecho de voto
voting stock
acciones que confieren derecho de voto
voucher privatization
privatizacioo mediante cupones
Method of privatization used primarily in the
former Soviet Union whereby, prior to
privatization, vouchers are distributed to eligible
parties (e.g. employees, local residents). Voucher-
holders exchange their vouchers for stock in the
corporation, shares in an investment fund (which
invests in one or more corporations to be
privatized) or sell them on the open market for
cash.
237
wage restraint
restriccion, austeridad salarial
-w-
waive, to
renunciar (a un derecho); dispensar, eximir (de
wage agreement una obligacion)
convenio salarial
waiver
wage bill renuncia (a un derecho); dispensa, exencion (de
costos salariales; masa salarial una obligacion); a veces: exendon parcial
wholesale mechanism; wholesaling The amount consumers are prepared to pay for a
mecanismo de pdstamos a intermediarios final good or service. An estimate of the value in
Bank procedure whereby loans are made to an use.
intermediary, which in tum onlends them to the
beneficiaries. wind pump
bomba eolica
wholesale training
capacitacion, formacion de instroctores windbreak
Training trainers for subsequent training. (plantacion) cortavientos; barrera contra
vientos
wholly owned subsidiary
subsidiaria en propiedad absoluta windfall profit
utilidad imprevista, euraordinaria
widening see capital widening
window [computers]
wildcat (drilling) ventana
perforacion exploratoria
Exploratory drilling for oil and/or gas on a window (in a market)
geologic feature not yet proven to be productive, in resquicio
an unproven territory or in a zone that has never Short-lived opportunity to issue securities that
produced or is not known to productive in the may be taken up by any of a significant number of
general area. highly rated borrowers.
[see also discount window; Third Window]
wildcat well
pozo exploratorio window dressing
alteracion del balance; manipulacion de la
wild flooding contabilidad (para aparentar una mejor
riego por desbordamiento natural situacion)
Method of irrigation which consists of spilling Financial actions such as stock market trading,
water at frequent intervals from a grade ditch whose purpose is to make a corporation's financial
constructed along the high edge of a sloping field. situation seem better than it really is, just before
The water is allowed to flow freely down the slope, the publication of a balance sheet or other
irrigating the soils the water moves across. financial statement.
Interceptor ditches are placed at intervals down the
slopes to collect the water. Used primarily for window guidance [central bank]
irrigating low-income crops un steep lands where restriccion oficiosa del credito
uniformity of water distribution is not a major Unofficial control of interest rates by central bank.
consideration.
"with-and-without" test [projects]
wildland management area - WMA proeba, metodo de "con y sin"
zonas siIvestres administradas A test of the net benefit with and without the
Area where wildlands are protected and managed project.
to retain a relatively unmodified state.
withholding tax
wildland management unit - WMU impuesto retenido en la fuente
zona silvestre protegida
women in development - WID
wildlands participacion de la mujer en el proceso de
zonas silvestres desarrollo
wrap-up meeting
reunion de conclusiones
write off, to
anular; eliminar en libros; amortizar
total mente en Iibros
writing down
castigo, reduccion del valor en libros;
amortizacion en (ibros
write up [USA]
aumento del valor en libros
243
yield curve
curva de rendimiento
Graph relating rates of return to maturity.
yield rate
t&sa de rendimiento
-z-
Glosario espaiiol-ingles
247
a granel absorber
bulk, in take over, to
adjudicacion administradores
award [contracts] managers
agente agregado
agent [bank syndicate] aggregate
anualizacion apoderado
annualization agent [ICSID]
anulacion aportacion
cancellation input
allrovechamicnto de aguas
water harvesting
257
arancel arregios
tariff; tariff schedule work-out arrangements; work-outs [IFC]
arboricultura artiga
tree farming ash farming; burn-beating; burning
ateneiOn primaria de (la) salud aumento del capital eon respeeto aI trabajo
prinwy health care capital deepening
bono con garantfa de activ08 [Reino Unido] bono publico, del Estado
debenture (bond) government bond
capital pagado, totalmente pagado carb6n sin duificar, tal como sale, en bruto
paid-up capital mine run coal; run-of-mine coal
capital simiente, generador
seed money; seed capital carb6n termico
steam coal
capital soclal buico
capital infrastructure carbonera
bunker [coal]
capital social fijo
overhead capital carente de derecho a
ineligtole
capital social, accionario
equity capital; capital stock (of a corporation) carga de bue, fundamental
base load [electricity]
capital social, accionario, en acciones
registered capital; share capital carga de punta
peak load
capital suscrito y no desembolsado
uncalled capital carga docente
teaching load
capitales itinerantes
hot money; funk: money [UK] carga excesiva de la tributacion
efficiency cost of taxation; excess burden of
capitalizacion de la deuda taxation
debt-equity conversion; debt-equity swap
carga familiar
capitalizaci6n de la deada dependent
debt-equity swap; debt equity conversion
carga fraccionada
captacion breakbuIk
capture (e.g. ofpublic services); harnessing
carp ganadera
captacion de renias stocking rate [livestock]
rent -seeking
carga general
carb6n antracitoso general cargo
anthracite; hard coal
carga impositiva, tributaria, fISCal
carbon bituminoso tax burden
brown coal
carga milta
carbon coquificable general cargo
coking coal
carga util
payload
271
contrato con rmes especlficos celebrado entre el contrato firme de compra (sin derecho de
gobierno y el sector privado rescision)
perfonnance contract take-or-pay agreement. contract
286
corriente (de fondos) en condiciones costo de los empristitos con doble ponderacion
concesionarias doubleweighted borrowing cost [IBRO]
concessional flow
costo de los factores, al
corriente de capital equilibradora factor cost. at f.e.
equilibrating capital flow
costo de mantenimiento en existenda
corriente de fondos carrying costs, charges [goods]
cash flow; funds flow; flow of funds
costo de oportunidad, de sustitucion
corrientes de costos y benefidos opportunity cost
streams of costs and benefits
costo de oportunidad social
corrientes financieras social opportunity cost
financial flows
costo de pueata en marcha
corrientes oficiales startup cost
official flows [development]
costo de reposidon, de sustitudon
cortavientos replacement cost
windbreak
costo del petriileo
corte y extracdon de madera en trozas oil bill [national]
logging [foresUy]
costo en divisas
cortedad de talla exchange cost
stunting; nutritional dwarfing
costo en divisas
cosechas foreign exchange cost
crops
costo en moneda nacional
costo asociado local cost; onshore cost
associated cost
costo en recursos intemos
costo de conversion, de modification domestic resource cost - DRC
redeployment cost
costo evitable
costo de eficiencia de (los impuestos) la avoidable cost
tributacion
efficiency cost of taxation; excess burden of costo extranacional
taxation offshore cost
desahorro descompoticiOn
dissaving unbundling
desparasitar desvincular
deworm delink, to [foreign exchange]
diferenda entre tipos, tasas de interis dinero de la R.esen'a Federal de 101 EE.UU.
interest-rate differential para UIO de 101 banco.
high-power(ed) money
diferenda negativa
carrying loss dinero e1astico
elastic money
diferencia por la cuallas cantidades devengadas
son inferiores a las previstas dinero en eI sentido estrido
underaccruals narrow money
dolarizacion dumping
dollarization dumping
elemento embarque
component (of a project) shipping
estaneamiento
stagnation (of the economy)
317
estanflaci6n estructura
stagflation structural work
excedente exigencia
overhang claim
existencias reguladoras
buffer stocks
321
expatriado exposicion
expatriate statement
experiencia extension
skills extension [agriculture)
fondo de cobertura del riesgo cambiario fondo Olutuo que tobra comisi6n
foreign exchange coverage fund load fund
generalizad6n globalizacl6n
stylized fact globalization
gerentel gobierno
managers governance; government
impuesto at, sobre eI valor agregado, ailadido impuesto sobre gananciu de capital
IVA capital gains tax
value-added tax - VAT; tax on value added
impuesto sobre Ia plusvalia
impuesto cedular betterment levy, tax
schedular tax; scheduled tax
impuesto sobre la plusvalia
impuesto de capitation capital gains tax
poll tax; head tax; capitation tax
impuesto sobre lu utilidades
impuesto de iguaiadOn, de equiparadOn de corporate income tax [US1; business (profit) tax;
intereses corporation tax [UK]
interest equalization tax
impuesto sobre lu utiUdades, los beneficios
profits tax
335
impuesto 8Obre, a I., utilidades, los benef"lCios incorporar a I., actividades habituales (del
income tax [corporations] Banco)
mainstream. to
impuesto territorial
land tax incremento anual medio
mean annual increment - MAl [forestIy]
impuestos en mora
delinquent taxes incumplimiento de contrato
breach of contract
impuestos fronterizos
border taxes incumplimiento de obligaciones
default on obligations
impuestos ,or beneficios
benefit taxes [IBRO] indemnizacion
compensation
impuestos scpn mereado rlDai
destination taxes indemnizaciOn compensatoria
compensatory damages
imPUestOI 80bre la renta pre.suntiva, presunta
presumptive taxation indemnizaclon por accldentes de trabajo
workmen's compensation
impul80
tak.e-01I indemnizaclon por despido
severance pay
inadmisible
ineligible indemnizadon ,or terminaclon, resclsion, cese
de fundones, despido
inamovilidad tennination grant
security of tenure
independiente
incentivo free-standing; self-contained
incentive
indicador anticlpado
incentivo en dinero leading indicator
incentive payment
indicador coincldente
incentivo tributario convergent indicator
tax incentive
indicador contemporineo
incentivos de preei08 concurrent indicator
price incentives
336
letrina de pozo mejorada con ventilacion LIB OR [tipo, tasa de oferta interbancaria de
ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrine; VIP latrine Londres)
LmOR [London interbank offered rate]
letrina de pozo negro
vault toilet Iibre acceso a la informacion
disclosure of information
letrina de sifon
pour flush latrine libre comercio
free trade
levantamiento aeromagnetico
aeromagnetic survey~ airmag survey libre de derech08
duty-free
levantamiento del mapa escolar, de mapas
escolares Iibre determinacion
school mapping self-determination
leyaplicable licencia
governing law franchise
346
lieitante que presenta la oferta de menor precio limite mhimo de los presumos de aprobacion
lowest priced bidder autonoma
free limit of loan [DFCs]
347
Umite ofieial para redbir financiamiento de la liquidaci6n por concepto de mantenimiento del
AIr valor
formal eligibility threshold; eligibility threshold; maintenance ofvalue settlement; settlement of
eligibility ceiling maintenance of value
malnutricion marcar
malnutrition peg out, to [surveying]
349
mecanismo de emergencia
contingency mechanism [IMFlWorld Bank]
351
mereancias en existencia
off-the-shelf goods
353
modelo modernizacion
design rehabilitation
operacion de demostracion
demonstration activity
361
pais que pennite Ja contaminacion sin paises ACP (Mrica, el Caribe y el Pacifico)
restricciones ACP countries [Lome Convention]
pollution haven
paises asociados, que mantienen relaciones
pais que puede obtener finandamiento comen:iales
combinado (del BIRF y la AIF) partner countries
blend countly
paises de comercio estatal
pais que puede recibir creditos, financiamiento state-trading countries
delaAIF
IDA-eligible countly paises de ingreso alto
high income countries
pais que recibio f'manciamiento para fines de
ajuste antes de 1'86 paises de la Categoria I
early intensive adjustment lending (EIAL) countly Category I countries [IBRD]
pasantia patrimonio
internship stockholders' equity; shareholders' equity; owners'
equity; equity; net worth
pasar de las condieiones de asistencla de la AD
a las del Banco patrimonio (neto)
graduate, to [Bank. IDA] equity
,erdida pericia
waste; loss in weight [commerce] expertise
prelectora prestadones
pre-reading benefits [social security]
prestamo a corto plam para salvar una prestamo concedido por un club bancario, por
dificultad temporal un consorcio
canyover loan club loan
presupuestaclon en dol ares constantes presupuesto igual, sin cambio, sin aumento
conmantdoUarbudgeting flat budget
presupuesto (de una unidad del Banco) presupuesto para programas reembolsables
unit budget envelope reimbursable budget
produccion de alimentos para consumo propio producto geogrMico bruto - PGB [Chile]
autoconsumption of food gross domestic product - GDP
redescontar reembolso
rediscount refunding
rendimieDto esc:olar
educational achievements
rendimieDto renovacioD
perf01'ID3DCe retrofitting; rollover
riego ,or gravedad eon retenes riesgo de perdida en, ,or eoncepto de intereses
border check irrigation; border ditch irrigation; interest rate risk
border irrigation; border strip irrigation; gravity
check irrigation; nllbon check irrigation; strip riesgo de transf'ereDcia de mooed a
check irrigation; strip irrigation currency transfer risk [MIGA]
seguimiento selecci6n
followup; monitoring triage
seguridad sementales
security breeding stock
402
sago (por defecto) de margen, de borde sirope de maiz de alto contenido en fruetosa
border bias high fructose com syrup - HFeS
sistema de cultivo sin laboreo, de cero labranza sistema de planificacion y evaluacion del
zero tillage system desempeiio (del funcionario)
Performance Planning and Review - PPR [IBRD]
sistema de determinacion de precios en funcion
del costo mas honorarios sistema de planificacion, programacion y
cost-plus pricing system presupuestacion - Sppp
planning, programming, budgeting system - PPBS
sistema de distribucion, de reparto
delivery system; supply system sistema de presentacion de informes
reporting system [projectsJ
sistema de explotacion agricola
farming system sistema de prestacion de senicios de salud
health delivery system
sistema de fijacion de tipos, tasas de interes
pricing system [financial markets] sistema de prestacion, de suministro (de un
senicio)
sistema de honorarios por senicios delivery system; supply system
fee-for-services basis
sistema de prestador preferido - Spp
sistema de informacion para la administracion preferred provider organization (PPO) system
management information system - MIS
405
sostenibilidad subocupacion
sustainability underemployment
subcontratista subrasante
subcontractor subgrade [highways]
subcontrato subsidiariedad
subcontract subsidiarity
tipo de eambio efeetivo nominal tipo de intem variable basado en una eesta de
nominal effective exchange rate emprestit08 pendientes
pool-based variable lending rate [IBRD]
tipo de eambio efeetivo real
real effective exchange rate tipo de redeKuento
discount rate [central bank)
tipo de eambio flotante
floating rate tipo ofieial de deKuento
bank rate [UK)
tipo de eambio intemo
modified. Bruno ratio; internal exchange rate tipo pasivo(a)
depositor rate of interest; borrowing rate [banks]
tipo de eambio mfnimo
floor rate of exchange tipo preferendal
prime rate
tipo de eambio real de equilibrio
equilibrium real exchange rate
416
titulo tope
security cap
transitable trazar
serviceable [highways] peg out. to [surveying]
urbanization utiUdad(es)
development earnings
vertical vigilancia
top-down (approach) [projects] monitoring
zona urbanizada
serviced area. lot, site
zonas silvestres
wildlands
zootecnia
animal husbandly
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