K.V.

JMO 2015 SOLUTIONS

Q.1 Solution:
SOLUTION :ONE
Numbers which are smaller than 1000 and do not have any factor common, are said to be
co prime to 1000.

Now,1000 = 2^35^3

So number of number which are smaller than 1000 but Co prime to 1000 are- 1000(1-1/2)
(1-1/5)=400

SOLUTION :TWO
First of all it should be "how many positive integers less than 1000 have no factors
(other than 1) in common with 1000", as if we consider negative integers answers will be:
infinitely many.

1000=2353 so basically we are asked to calculate the # of positive integers less than
1000, which are not multiples of 2 or/and 5.

Multiples of 2 in the range 0-1000, not inclusive - 99822+1=499;

Multiples of 5 in the range 0-1000, not inclusive - 99555+1=199;
Multiples of both 2 and 5, so multiples of 10 - 9901010+1=99.

Total # of positive integers less than 1000 is 999, so # integers which are not factors of 2
or 5 equals to 999(499+19999)=400

Q-2 Part (a)

Sum of all digits of the result (10^99) 99

Sol-
10^99=1000...0 (with 99th zero as last zero)
10^99 -99= 1000...0(99th zero) -99
 i.e. 98th and 99th 0 -99
so 99th 0 will become 10 and 10-9=1 (9as unit digit of 99
98th 0 will become 9 and 9-9=0 (9 as tens digit of 99)
Therefore all other terms from 1st to 97th will become 9 (as 99th has carried 1)
and 98th will be 0 and 99th will be 1
therefore sum of 97 terms= 9 x 97= 873
and sum of 98th and 99th term will be 0+1=1
therefore, sum(1 to 99th term) = 873+1= 874
Hence 874 is the answer

2(b) Solution:

31513 = bq1 + r............eq 1

34369 = bq2 + r............eq 2

eq2 - eq1

2856=b(q2-q1)

2856 = 2x2x2x3x7x17

lets take any three digit number say-2x3x17

=102

31513 = 102(308) + r

Therefore, the value of 'r' is 97.

Q.4. One root of the equation x4-5x3 + ax2 +bx+c=0 is 3+2. If all the roots of the equation are
real find the extreme (maximum or minimum) values of a,b and c and roots of the equation for
these extreme values of a,b and c, it is given that a,b and c are rational.

Solution: x4 - 5x3 + ax2 + bx +c =0

Given, 3+ 2 is one root

3- 2 is another one

Let, x4 5x3 + ax2 + bx +c

= (x-(3+ 2 )) (x-(3- 2 )) (x2+Ax+b)

= (x2-6x+7) (x2+Ax+B)
= x4 + (A-6) x3 + (B-6A+7) x2 + (7A-6B)x + 7B
A-6 = -5

A=1

B-6A+7

= B+ 1
7A-6B

= 7-6B
Also, 7B=C

Now, As all roots are real

1 14 B
Solutions of x2+Ax+B, x= 2

As all roots are real, 1-4B 0

1 4B

1
B
4

1 5
a max = B+1 = +1=
4 4

1 11
b min = 7-6B = 7-6 x =
4 2

1 7
C max = 7B = 7 x =
4 4

The eqn. is

5 11 7
x2-5x3+ 4 x2 + 2 x+ 4
 1
= (x2-6x+7) (x2+x+ 4 )

The roots of this eqn are

1 1
3+ 2, 3- 2 , - 2 , - 2

Q.No. 6 (a) ABCD is a square A is joined to the point X in DC and D to the point Y in CB, so
that

AX=DY. Prove that AX DY.

Solution:
Q.6 (b)In a triangle, the length of an attitude is 4cm and this attitude divides the opposite side in
two parts in the ratio 1:8, Find the length of a segment parallel to the altitude which
bisects that area of the given triangle.

Solution:6 (b)

1
Total Area = x 9 y x 4=18 y
2

Now,

1 h+4
Now, Area of left half = 2 xyx4+( 2 ) x ay= 9y (Half of total)

(h+4) a =14

14
a=
h+4

Now,

Area of right half

1
= 2 x (8-a)y x h = 9y
 (8-a)y = 18

14
(8- y = 18
h+4

(8h+32-14) h = 18h +72

8h2 + 18h = 18h +72

18h2 = 72

h2 = 9

h= 3 Ans.

Q.9(a) A square of 10 cm side has a circle of 1 cm diameter, whose centre is the centre of the
square. A coin of diameter 1 cm is tossed onto the square. Find the probability that this tossed
coin intersects the circle.

(b) You have n loads, each of weight w. When they are weighed in pairs, the sum of the weights
of all the possible pairs is 120. When they are weighed in triplets, the sum of the weights of all
the possible triplets is 480 Find n.

Solution Q.9(a)

Area of favourable region

Probability = Total Area
 3


2 9
= = 400


4

Q.9(b) n loads each weight w

n(n1)
Where taking as pairs, total cases = n c 2 = 2

Now,

Total Weight,

n(n1)
x 2w = 12
2

n(n1) x w = 120 -------(i)

n ( n1 ) (n2)
When taking as triplets, total cases = n c 3 = 2 x3

Total weight ,

n ( n1 ) (n2)
2 x3 x 3w = 480

Now,

n ( n1 ) (n2)
2 x3 x 3w = 480

n ( n1 )( n2 ) w
= 480
2

n(n-1) w (n-2) = 2x480

From (1)

120 x (n-2) = 2x480

(n-2) = 8

n = 10