ENERGY Opr & Maintenance Rev04

ENERGY SERIES
BACKHOE LOADERS
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE MANUAL
FOR FROM SERIAL NUMBERS:
HMK 102B : 110 000
HMK 102S : 120 000
READ, UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW ALL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN IN

THIS MANUAL BEFORE OPERATING THE MACHINE
PUBLICATION NO: Y10/12276

REV 04
HDROMEK 2006
All copyrights are reserved by HDROMEK HDROLK MEKANK MAKNE MALAT SANAY ve TC.
LTD. T. Copying any text or picture without receiving written approval from HDROMEK beforehand
is strictly forbidden.
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1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................
1.1 GENERAL................................................................................................... 7
- IDENTIFICATION PLATE....................................................................... 8
- UNIT SERIAL NUMBERS....................................................................... 8
1.2 BACKHOE LOADER DESCRIPTION ......................................................... 9
1.3 SAFETY NOTICES .................................................................................... 10
1.4 OTHER NOTICES ...................................................................................... 10
1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS ............................................................. 11
1.6 WARNING SYMBOLS................................................................................ 11
1.7 OWNERSHIP PERIOD .............................................................................. 13
1.8 COPYRIGHT............................................................................................... 13
2. SAFETY........................................................................................................
2.1 GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION.......................................................... 13
2.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS........................................................................... 14
2.3 PRE-START SAFETY................................................................................. 14
2.4 SAFETY DURING OPERATION................................................................. 20
2.5 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE SAFETY ............................................... 28
2.6 BATTERY SAFETY..................................................................................... 32

2.7 WARNING LABELS & DECALS.................................................................. 34
2.8 PROHIBITED MACHINE OPERATION....................................................... 38
2.9 END of WORK SHIFT SAFETY............................................................... 40
3. DESCRIPTION.............................................................................................
3.1 CONTROLS & INSTRUMENTS................................................................ 41
3.2 FRONT INSTRUMENT PANEL.................................................................. 42
3.3 RIGHT HAND SIDE INSTRUMENT PANEL............................................... 43
3.4 BRAKE PEDAL........................................................................................... 58
3.5 THROTTLE PEDAL.................................................................................... 58
3.6 PARKING BRAKE LEVER.......................................................................... 58
3.7 THROTTLE LEVER ................................................................................... 59
3.8 LOADER CONTROL LEVERS.................................................................... 59
3.9 STOWAGE PLACES............................................................................. 62
3.10 OPERATORS SEAT................................................................................. 62
3.11 SEAT BELT ............................................................................................. 65
3.12 INTERIOR LIGHTING .............................................................................. 65
3.13 COAT HANGER........................................................................................ 65
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4. OPERATION................................................................................................. 73
4.1 GENERAL................................................................................................... 73
4.2 BEFORE STARTING ............................................................................ 73
4.3 GETTING IN / OUT OF THE CAB.............................................................. 74
4.4 BEFORE THE ENGINE STARTING.......................................................... 74
4.5 STARTING THE ENGINE...................................................................... 76
4.6 DRIVING THE MACHINE ......................................................................... 78
4.7 BASIC PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATING IN COLD & HOT..................... 79
4.8 PREPARATIONS FOR TRAVEL .......................................................... 80
4.9 STOPPING AND PARKING THE MACHINE............................................. 81
4.10 EMERGENCY STOPPING ..................................................................... 82
4.11 ENGAGING ATTACHMENT SAFETY LOCKS......................................... 83
4.12 LOADER CONTROL LEVERS & FUNCTIONS......................................... 90
4.13 BACKHOE CONTROL LEVERS & FUNCTIONS...................................... 92
4.14 SIDESHIFTING THE BACKHOE ......................................................... 96
4.15 TELESCOPIC DIPPER (OPTIONAL)....................................................... 97
4.16 TELESCOPIC DIPPER SAFETY LOCK (OPT.)........................................ 98
4.17 FOUR WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM.................................................... 99
4.18 BRAKING................................................................................................ 101
4.19 THE LOADER OPERATION..................................................................... 101
4.20 BACKHOE OPERATION......................................................................... 104
4.21 WHEN ENGINE STOPS DURING OPERATION..................................... 106
4.22 TRANSPORTATION OF THE MACHINE.................................................. 107
4.23 TOWING PROCEDURE FOR AN IMMOBILIZED MACHINE .................. 108
4.24 LIFTING BY A CRANE ........................................................................... 109
5. MAINTENANCE............................................................................................
5.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ........................................................................ 111
5.2 GENERAL SAFETY ................................................................................... 112
5.3 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE CHART ................................................. 114
5.4 ENGINE DESCRIPTION .......................................................................... 121
5.5 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE........................................................................ 123
5.6 TABLE OF LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS ......................................................... 124
5.7 PRE-START (EVERY 8 HOURS) INSP.& MAINT....................................... 125
5.8 WEEKLY (EVERY 50 HOURS) INSP. & MAINT. ..................................... 137

5.9 EVERY 100 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE ............................. 142
5.10 EVERY 250 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE .......................... 145
5.11 EVERY 500 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE .......................... 148
5.12 EVERY 1000 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE ......................... 159
5.13 EVERY 2000 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE ......................... 163
5.14 MISCELLANEOUS ..................................................... ............................. 165
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6. SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................
6.1 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS HMK 102S............................................... 169
6.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS HMK 102B............................................... 173
6.3 LIFTING REGULATIONS AND SAFE WORKING LOADS......................... 177
6.4 SOUND AND VIBRATION.......................................................................... 179
7. OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT.............................................................................
7.1 GENERAL................................................................................................... 180
7.2 TILTING FORKS......................................................................................... 181
7.3 HYDRAULIC BREAKER ............................................................................ 183
7.4 HYDRAULIC AUGER ............................................................................... 185
7.5 HYDRAULIC WATER PUMP ..................................................................... 187
7,6 LOG GRAB 188
7.7 GRADING BLADE 188
7.8 AIR COMPRESSOR . 189
7.9 FOKKLIFT ATTCH & CLAMSHELL BUCKET .. 191
7.10 TRAPEZOID DITCH BUCKET .. 191
7.11 RIPER 192
7.12 HYDRAULIC BREAKER 192
7.13 SIDE SHIFT BUCKET . 193
7.14 CLAMSHELL GRAB 193
7.15 WINCH ... 194
7.16 STREET SWEEPER 194
7.17 SNOW SWEEPER .. 195
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WARRANTY
HIDROMEK warrants this product against defects in material or workmanship

for a period of twelve months or 1200 hours of operation, whichever occurs
first, from the date of original purchase for use and agrees to repair or, at his
option, replace any defective units or parts without charge for either parts or
labor to the customer.
Performing repairs or replacements under warranty is subject to submission

of this warranty card, completed and signed by the dealer on the day of
purchase, or the original invoice.
Damages resulting from operation of the machine by operators without a valid

driving license will not be covered under warranty.
This warranty does not cover damages resulting from accidents, working
under conditions which are not intended for the machine, misuse or abuse,
lack of reasonable care, installation of any attachment not recommended for
this machine or loss of parts.
Radio/Cassette Players / CD Players, Glasses, Mirrors, Pins, Bushings, Belts,

Buckets, Teeth, Electric Cables, Bulbs, Headlights, Signaling Lamps, Brake
Disks and Plates, items made of elastic and plastic materials, Oils and Liquids
and normally wearing items are not covered by this warranty.
Shipment of the defective item for repair under this warranty will be at the
customers own risk and expense. This warranty is valid for the original
purchaser as the final user only.
Additional damages resulting from usage of the machine with defective parts
or units will be out of warranty.
Warranty claims for the diesel engines will be directed to the Authorized Dealer
of the engine manufacturer in the customers country, in case there exists any.
HIDROMEK reserves the right to make alterations or modifications on the

equipment at any time, which will improve the performance and efficiency of
the machine at his opinion. HIDROMEK shall not be obliged to make such
alterations or modifications on machines already in service.
Fuel must be EURODIESEL or equivalent according to standard EN 590.

Damages due to non-standard or dirty fuel will be out of warranty!
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
Thank you for selecting our Backhoe Loaders.
Your choice on our Backhoe Loaders will be rewarded by the efficiency in performance as
well as versatility in operation of the machine. Moreover, HMK Energy Series Backhoe
Loaders are truly economical to operate as they are customer friendly either.
The information, in this Operating and Maintenance Manual is prepared to give you the
necessary assistance in preparing, adjusting, maintaining and servicing your Backhoe
Loader. More importantly, this manual provides an operating plan for safe and proper use of
the machine.
Keep this Operating and Maintenance Manual with the Backhoe Loader in good condition at
all times. If the machine is resold, HDROMEK recommends that this manual must be
handed over to the new owner.
Hidromek Dealers are always ready to provide you any technical assistance and the genuine
spare parts you may need. Make sure that you always use Hidromek Geniuene Spare Parts
to keep the warranty valid.
Give complete information when ordering spare parts. Include the model and serial number
of your machine and the related basic componant.
Record the serial numbers of your machine and the basic componants in the spaces
provided on the next page as a handy record for quick reference.
HDROMEK ASKS THAT YOU READ and UNDERSTAND THE

CONTENTS OF THIS MANUAL FULLY IN ORDER TO BECOME
FAMILIAR WITH YOUR MACHINE. IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN TO
OPERATE THIS MACHINE BY ANY BODY, WITHOUT AN APPROPRIATE
OPERATORS LIECENSE.
WARNING
ANY MODIFICATIONS ON HDROMEK PRODUCTS AND THE
ATTACHMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO OUR WRITTEN APPROVAL.
OTHERWISE, ALL WARRANTIES GIVEN BY HIDROMEK WILL EXPIRE.
Special equipment and attachments are not included in this Manual.
The information given in this Manual is true on the date it is printed. Some illustrations and
pictures may be different since technical improvement is continuous.
Manuals are updated to reflect any changes periodically. Please ask the latest edition of this
Manual in case you have different equipment on your machine other than shown here.
HDROMEK always reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the material,
design and construction of any part within the scope of impending developments, without
incurring any obligation to change these operating instructions.
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IDENTIFICATION PLATE
Machine identification plate has been placed under the right hand side of the
Operators Cab. Serial numbers of chassis, front and rear axles and engine
as well as production date are all on this plate. Moreover, Serial Numbers of
the basic units are shown on themselves separately.
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1.2 BACKHOE LOADER DESCRIPTION
DIRECTIONS: LEFT and RIGHT
Right and Left are determined according to the sitting position of the operator, facing
forward. This does not change even if he is sitting towards the loader side (forward) or to the
backhoe side (backward).
LEFT
LEFT
RIGHT
RIGHT
MAIN COMPONENTS OF BACKHOE LOADER
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BUCKET,
LOADER
CAB
LOADER ARM
KINGPOST
CARRIAGE
ARM,
BACKHOE
HYDRAULIC
OIL TANK BUCKET,
BOOM BACKHOE
KINGPOST
STABILIZER,
SIDE SHIFT FRAME,
SIDE SHIFT
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1.3 SAFETY NOTICES
This Operating and Maintenance Manual as well as Decals on the machine, are warnings for
close risks and should be read and observed carefully. In this manual and on the machine
there are safety notices. Safety notices start by DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION. The
meanings of safety notices and notes are given below:
a) DANGER: Indicates an extremely hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will

result in death or serious injury and is represented as follows:
DANGER
b) WARNING: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury and is represented as follows:
WARNING
c) CAUTION: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which , if not avoided, may
result in minor or moderate injury. May also alert against unsafe practices. It may
be used to alert against possible damage to the machine and its components
either and is represented as follows:
CAUTION
1.4 OTHER NOTICES
a) NOTE: Gives special information containing important notes as well as hints on the
correct and economical use of the machine or how to proceed. Non-compliance may lead to
malfunction and is represented as follows:
b) WRONG: This symbol indicates a prohibited action or hazardous location. Failure to

understand and obey this notice may result in injury to you or others, and cause damage to
equipment. It is represented as follows:
c) RIGHT (OK): This symbol identifies correct and recommended action. It is represented
as follows:
All construction equipment and machines can be hazardous. When a machine is correctly
operated and properly maintained, it is a safe machine to work with. But when it is carelessly
operated or poorly maintained it can become a danger to everyone.
BE CAREFUL
BE ALERT
BE SAFE
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1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
The environmental standards currently valid must be observed AT ALL TIMES when
operating or working on the machine.
During installation, maintenance and repair work, extreme care must be taken to ensure that
ECOLOGICALLY HARMFUL substances such as;
lubricating oil and grease
hydraulic oil
fuel
coolant
liquid detergents containing solvent
do not seep into the ground or the sewerage system.
These substances must be kept, transported,

collected and disposed of in suitable containers. If
above mentioned liquids seep into the ground,
their flow must be stopped immediately and the
liquid be bound with suitable binding agents. If
necessary, the contaminated soil must be
excavated. Binding agents and excavated
material must be disposed of properly. The
environmental standards currently valid must
ALWAYS be observed.
1.6 WARNING SYMBOLS
The following table explains the meanings of the

pictograms and warning symbols which may be
on your machine briefly.
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1.6 WARNING SYMBOLS (Continued)
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1.7 OWNERSHIP PERIOD
The ownership period for your backhoe-loader HMK102B or HMK 102S is 10 years if utilized
under the conditions stated in the manual.
1.8 COPYRIGHT
The copyright of this manual belongs to HDROMEK Hidrolik Mekanik Makina malat Sanayi
ve Ticaret Limited irketi. This instruction book is intended for use by personnel in charge of
operation, maintenance, repair and supervision of the machine.
This printed document should not, either in whole or in part, be reproduced, transmitted or
used for the purpose of competition without our prior written permission.
2. SAFETY
2.1 GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION

WARNING
DO NOT OPERATE OR SERVICE THE MACHINE UNTIL ALL INSTRUCTIONS IN THIS
MANUAL HAVE BEEN THOROUGHLY READ AND UNDERSTOOD. IMPROPER
OPERATION OR MAINTENANCE OF THE MACHINE MAY CAUSE ACCIDENTS AND
COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
ALWAYS KEEP THIS MANUAL IN THE OPERATORS CAB.
1. Most machinery accidents are due to negligence of precautionary measures and

safety rules. Therefore, all precautionary measures, DANGERS, WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS and NOTES contained in this manual and on the machine should be read
and understood by all personnel before starting any operation with / on the machine.
2. Operation, inspection, and maintenance should be carried out carefully and utmost
priority should be given to safety. The safety information contained in this manual is
intended only to supplement safety codes, insurance requirements, local laws, rules
and regulations.
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2.1 GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION (contunied)
3. It is very difficult to forecast every danger that may occur during operation. However,
safety can be ensured by fully understanding proper operating procedures of this
machine according to methods recommended by HDROMEK.
4. While operating the machine, be sure to perform work with great care in order not to
damage the machine, or cause accidents.
5. Continue studying this manual until all Safety, Operation and Maintenance
procedures are fully realized by all persons working with the machine.
2.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
WARNING
THE PROPER AND SAFE MAINTENANCE OF THIS MACHINE,
RECOMMENDED BY HDROMEK IS OUTLINED IN THE OPERATING &
MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR THIS MACHINE. CARRYING OUT IMPROPER
LUBRICATION OR MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ARE DANGEROUS AND COULD
RESULT IN INJURY OR DEATH.
READ AND UNDERSTAND THE OPERATING & MAINTENANCE MANUAL BEFORE
PERFORMING ANY LUBRICATION OR MAINTENANCE.
The serviceman or the mechanic must have a full knowledge of the system and the
components before attempting any repair or maintenance works on the machine.
Because of the size and mass of some of the machine components, the serviceman or
mechanic should pay attention to the weights.
The following is a list of basic precautions that must always be observed:
1.Read and understand all Warning Plates and Decals

on the machine before Operating, Maintaining or
Repairing this machine.
2. Always wear protective shoes when working around

the machine. Wear protective goggles when using
hammers, punches or drifts on any part of the machine
or attachments. Use welding gloves, face shield,
welders apron and protective clothing appropriate for
the welding job to be done. Do not wear loose fitting or
torn clothing. Remove all rings from fingers, loose
jewelry, confine long hair and beard as well as loose
clothing before starting to work on the machine.
3. Disconnect the battery and discharge capacitors
before starting to work. Hang a DO NOT OPERATE
warning tag in the Operators Cab. Keep the starter key
with you.
4. If possible, make all repairs with the machine parked

on a level, firm and dry surface. Block the machine to
avoid self-rolling during repair, on or under the
machine.
5. Do not work on any machine that is supported only by lift, jacks or a hoist. Always use
blocks or jack stands, capable of supporting the machine before starting any disassembly.
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6. Release all pressure in air, oil or water systems before dismounting any hoses, lines,
fittings or related items. Always make sure that all raised components are blocked
correctly and be aware of any potential high pressure leakage when disconnecting
any device.
7. Lower the bucket or other attachments to the ground before carrying out any work on
the machine. If this can not be done, make sure that the bucket or any other
attachment is blocked correctly to prevent it from dropping unexpectedly.
8. Use steps and handles when mounting or dismounting a machine. Clean any mud or
debris from steps, walkways or work platforms before using. Always face the machine
when using steps, ladders and walkways. If it is not possible to use the designed
access system, provide ladders, scaffolds, or work platforms to perform safe repair
operations.
9. To avoid lumbar injury, use a hoist when lifting components over 25 kg (50 lbs) or
more. Make sure all chains, hooks, slings, etc., are in good condition and in correct
capacity. Make sure that all hooks are positioned correctly. Lifting eyes should not be
side loaded during lifting operations.
10. Be alert for hot parts on the machine that has just been stopped and for hot fluids in
lines, tubes and compartments to avoid burns.
11. Be careful when removing cover plates. Do not loosen last two bolts or nuts located
at opposite ends of the cover or unit and pry cover loose to relieve any spring or other
pressure, before removing the last two bolts or nuts .
12. Be careful when removing filler caps, breathers and plugs on the machine. Hold a rag
over the cap or plug to avoid being sprayed or splashed by liquids under pressure.
The danger is even greater if the machine has just been stopped as fluids can still be
hot.
13. Always use proper tools that are in good condition and suitable for the job at hand. Be
sure you understand how to use them before carrying out any service work.
14. Reinstall all fasteners in the same number and quality. Do not use lower quality
fasteners in case replacement is necessary.
15. If welding is required for repairs, it should be carried out only by a skilled and qualified
welder. Refer to Techniques of Structural Repair Course to select correct welding
procedures and electrodes, rods or wire to provide a welding metal strength equal to
that of the parent metal, at least.
16. DO NOT damage wiring during removal operations. Be careful reinstalling the wiring
such that it will not be damaged by contacting sharp edges, or by rubbing against
rough or hot surfaces.
17. Be sure all protective equipment including guards and shields are installed properly
and are functioning correctly before starting repairs. If a guard or a shield must be
removed to carry out a repair, use extreme caution and replace the guard or shield
after the repair is completed.
18. Always use Loader Arm Mechanical Lock Strut to block the Loader Arm in raised
position whenever maintenance or repair work is done while the bucket is in the
raised position.
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19. Loose or damaged fuel, lubricant and hydraulic lines, tubes and hoses can cause
fires. Do not bend or strike high pressure lines. Inspect the lines, tubes and hoses
carefully. Do not reinstall the items that have been bent or damaged.
20. NEVER check for hydraulic fluid leaks with your hands, use a piece of paper or
cardboard. Very tiny (Pin hole) leaks can result in a high velocity oil stream. Escaping
fluid under pressure can penetrate the skin and cause a serious injury. If any fluid is
injected into your skin, ask medical help immediately.
21. Tighten connections with the correct torque. Make sure that all shields, guards and
clamps are installed correctly to avoid excessive heat, vibration, noise or rubbing
against other parts during operation.
22. DO NOT operate a machine if any rotating part is damaged or contacts with any other
part during operation. Any high speed rotating component that has been damaged or
replaced should be checked for balance before reinstalling.
23. CONTROLS
It is dangerous to operate the control levers from outside, and may cause serious
injury or death. The control levers must only be operated when the operator is sitting
on his seat properly.
24. VISIBILITY
Low visibility may result in accidents during work. The windows should be kept clean
and lights should be turned on for proper visibility in dark. The machine MUST NOT
be operated if the visibility is not sufficient enough.
25. ROPS / FOPS STRUCTURE
This machine is fitted with a Roll Over Protection Structure (ROPS) and Falling
Objects Protection Structure ( FOPS ) Cab. You may lose your life or be injured if you
operate the machine with a damaged or missing ROPS/ FOPS Cab. ROPS / FOPS
Cabs should not be modified in any way.
26. ROLL OVER
If the machine starts rolling, the operator can be crushed if he attempts to leave the
cab. The operator SHOULD NOT attempt to leave the cab and should stay fastened to
operators seat for maximum protection should the machine starts to roll over.
27. SPARKS
Sparks that come from the exhaust or electrical installation can start fire and blast.
The machine should NEVER be operated at closed places as flammable gases or
similar substances may be ignited at such places.
28. EXHAUST FUMES
Inhaling exhaust fumes are definitely harmful for your health. The machine MUST
NOT be operated in closed areas unless proper ventilation is provided.
29. DRINKS AND DRUGS
Operating the machine under the influence of alcohol or drugs is very dangerous.
NEVER drink alcoholic drinks or take drugs before or while operating the machine. If
you have to take any pills for any reason, consult your doctor and learn any side
effects dangerous for operating machinery.
30. FAILURE OF ENGINE OR STEERING
Immediately stop the machine in case of engine or steering failure. The machine
MUST NOT be operated unless the fault has been repaired.
31. CONDITION OF MACHINE The operator and/or others may be injured by a defective
machine. Any faulty machine with missing parts should NEVER be used. Pay
attention to perform the maintenance procedures given in MAINTENANCE Section of
this manual completely prior to operating your machine.
32. PRIME MOVER
Engine has moving and rotating parts. DO NOT remove the engine covers when
engine is running.
33. DO NOT operate the machine with the engine covers removed.
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34. ATTACHMENT
Your machine is manufactured to comply with the technical and legal terms. You
must obey and not alter any technical and legal terms. Refer to OPTIONAL
EQUIPMENT Section of this manual. Consult your HDROMEK Dealer for advice.
35. COMMUNICATION
Lack of communication with the people at the job site may cause accidents. Let
others know that you are going to operate the machine. Should you cooperate with
others, use hand signals which are understood better. NEVER try oral commands
since the noise level is very high at job sites.
36. RAMPS / TRAILERS
Ramps and trailers covered with water, mud, ice, grease or oil may cause serious
accidents.
37. BE ALERT while driving machine on to / from ramps and trailers.
38. 2 / 4 WHEEL DRIVE MODE
Your machine will be in 4 wheel drive mode at 1. and 2. gears; unless you select 2
wheel drive mode. When driving on road, if the brake pedal is depressed, the
machine will shift to 4 wheel drive mode automatically.
39. GASOLINE
DO NOT use gasoline as fuel. DO NOT mix diesel fuel with gasoline since it will may
cause explosions in the fuel tank.
40. OIL
Look for medical help immediately if oil is swallowed. Harmful contaminants exist in
used crankcase oils and may lead to cancer on skin. Do not touch crankcase oils and
use protective gloves to avoid contact with skin. The contaminated skin should be
washed with soap and warm water. You should not use gasoline or diesel fuel in
cleaning any part of your body.
41. LONG DISTANCE TRAVEL
Do not drive long distances without stopping. On long distance travels, stop the
machine at every 20 km and check the wheel nut tightness. (Wheel nut Torque
680 Nm)
42. COOLANT
Cooling system is under pressure when the coolant is hot. Hot coolant may splash on
you when you remove the filling cap. If you have to remove the cap while the Engine
is hot, first turn the cap slightly to bleed the pressure and then remove it. Coolant
should be added when the engine is stopped and cold.
43. HYDRAULIC HOSES
Damaged hoses may cause accidents. All hoses must be inspected regularly for
damages.
44. HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATOR
Do not disassemble the Hydraulic Accumulator since it contains a high volume of
pressurized nitrogen gas. It can therefore be dangerous if it is not dismantled properly.
In case the Brake Hydraulic Accumulator needs service, please contact your
HDROMEK Authorized Service Center in your country.
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2.3 PRE-START SAFETY
Majority of failures that occur during machine

operation or servicing results from neglecting
fundamental safety precautions. The following
safety precautions are given to avoid such
failures. However, they are only a part of what
you must follow. Read, understand and follow
all safety precautions given in this manual and on the machine thoroughly before operating
the machine.
2.3.1 OBSERVE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Follow all safety rules, precautions, and operating procedures. If there are other personnel
and flagmen working in the area, have them observe the specified signs.
2.3.2 WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Wear well fitting safety shoes, helmet, and
working clothes, put on protective glasses,
face shield, ear plugs or ear muffs and gloves
as well.
When necessary wear reflective vest.
2.3.3 READ and UNDERSTAND THE

OPERATING MANUAL
Before operating the machine, read and
understand this OPERATING MANUAL
thoroughly in order to use the machine
effectively and safely.
2.3.4 KEEP OPERATING MANUAL IN

CABIN
Keep this manual at the Operators Cab in the
pocket beside the Right Hand Side Console for quick reference. Should the OPERATING
MANUAL be lost or damaged, contact your HDROMEK Dealer to order the OPERATING
MANUAL.
2.3.5 BE ALERT FOR EMERGENCIES

Have a Fire Extinguisher and First Aid Kit ready for
emergencies. Know how to operate the Fire
Extinguisher and know where the First Aid Kit is
located for easy access in case of emergency. It is
the plant operator's responsibility to ensure that
equipment such as fire extinguisher first-aid box,
warning triangle, hazard lights are kept with the
machine according to the traffic regulations valid in
the users country and that the driver has the
appropriate license as required by the national
traffic laws of that country.
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2.3.6 SAFETY AT THE JOB SITE
Job sites can be hazardous. Before operating, carefully survey and record the land and job
site features to prevent the machine from falling or the soil from caving in. Look for potholes,
weak ground, hidden rocks etc. Check for utilities such as electric or telecommunication
cables, gas and water piping. (Both overhead and underground)
2.3.7 PRE-START INSPECTION

Perform a PRE-START inspection of the machine, before starting the machine. If any trouble
is found, repair immediately.
DO NOT OPERATE THE MACHINE until the trouble is repaired. ALWAYS keep the
windshield, working lamps, and mirrors clean for good visibility. Check tires for inflation
pressure and torque of wheel nuts.
2.3.8 SIGNS, SIGNALS & FLAGMEN

Use marks on soft banks or ground. Charge a flagman if necessary. The operator should
obey the warnings and signals of the flagman. Only one flagman must be in charge not to
cause any confusion in signaling .
2.3.9 KEEP FIRE AWAY FROM FUEL

& OIL
Oil, antifreeze, and especially fuel are highly
flammable. NEVER light fire when
refueling. Keep the fuel and oil caps closed.
Store fuel and oil in safe storage areas.
Clean up any oil or fuel spills. DO NOT use
water to extinguish fire on the machine. DO
NOT SMOKE !
2.3.10 GET IN AND OUT OF THE

MACHINE ALWAYS face the machine
and pay attention to three point contact by
using the grip bars and steps.
Always keep clean grip bars, steps and
mounting parts.
Clean slippery material, such as lubricants
or mud. DO NOT hold on to the control
levers when getting in or out of the cab.
2.3.11 APPLY PARKING BRAKE BEFORE

LEAVING MACHINE
Apply the Parking Brake and lower the attachments
on the ground BEFORE leaving the cab.
DO NOT forget to stop the engine and take the
Starter Switch Key with you.
If the Parking Brake is not applied, the machine may

move and result in serious injury or damage.
20
2.3.12 ENGAGE LEVER SAFETY
LOCKS BEFORE LEAVING THE
MACHINE
Safety locks are provided in order to
enhance safety by blocking the movements
of control levers of both Loader and Backhoe
sections of the machine.
Lever Locks should ALWAYS be

engaged before leaving the Cab.
The Lever Locks can ONLY be released

whenever the operator takes the correct
operating position in the Cab.
2.3.13 USE PROPER ATTACHMENT

Use only Optional Attachments designed, manufactured or approved by HIDROMEK.
Read, understand and follow all instructions in the

manual of the Optional Attachment.
Use of any Optional Attachment not approved by
HDROMEK may cause, serious injury to personnel
and damage to the machine.
Contact your HDROMEK Dealer for the Optional

Attachments that are available for your machine.
2.4 SAFETY DURING OPERATION
Machine must be used by the skilled operators

who are already trained and licensed.
Most of the accidents may be avoided by taking safety precautions and being alert while
operating the machine.
For proper use of the machine, you must get familiar with all of the controls, lights and
decals before operating it.
2.4.1 STARTING THE ENGINE

ALWAYS sound the horn before starting the engine to warn the
people around.
DO NOT short circuit the starter circuit or battery to start the

engine. This may cause serious injury to people or damage to the
electrical system.
21
2.4.2 PASSENGERS
This equipment is not intended or
designed for transportation.
NEVER let anybody travel on the
machine or in the bucket!!!
Serious injury or death can result from
allowing passengers on or in the
machine.
2.4.3 FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT

Fasten your seat belt securely while driving and operating
the machine.
You must keep the seat belt fastened, regardless of the
distance you travel or the time of operation without any
exceptions.
2.4.4 DRIVING
Sound Horn before moving the
machine. Select 2 Wheel Drive and 2
Wheel Steering when driving the
machine on public roads.
You must obey the traffic rules when
you are driving on public roads.
Position the attachments as seen on
the right.
Avoid passing over obstacles. Should
it become necessary to drive over an
obstacle, lower the loader shovel to the
ground and drive at extremely low
speed. DO NOT drive too close to an
excavation or ditch; BE SURE that the
surrounding ground has adequate
strength to support the weight of the
Backhoe Loader.
For additional stability when driving on
inclines or ramps, ALWAYS travel with
the heavier end of the Backhoe Loader
to the top of the incline.
DO NOT drive the Backhoe Loader
while the doors of the Cab are wide
open.
22
Use attaching handles to keep the door slightly open for ventilation.
2.4.5 ROLL-OVER
If the machine starts to roll over, the operator
SHOULD NOT attempt to leave the cab and
must stay with fastened seat belt for maximum
protection.
Otherwise he will be crushed.
Your machine is equipped with Roll-Over
Protective Structure (ROPS). In order for a
ROPS to provide protection ALWAYS fasten the
seat belt that is provided for your own
protection in the operators cabin. ROPS
Operators Cabin is designed to protect the
operator in the event of a roll-over, but it cannot
adequately provide protection if the
operator does not fasten the seat belt.
2.4.6 SLEWING
Be sure that the Slewing Area of the
Backhoe is clear of any body and
objects, before operating Slewing
Controls. Sound Horn before slewing
the Backhoe. If necessary, get a
Flagman in charge.
2.4.7 LOADER ARM and

BACKHOE BOOM MAKE SURE
that the attachment you use is
suitable with the job.
Pay attention to the objects in the working area and operate the machine within this area.
2.4.8 OPERATING ON INCLINES &

SLOPES
Operating the machine on inclined surfaces
may be dangerous, if proper precautions
are not taken. Since ground conditions may
change with rain, flood, snow, ice, etc. the
site must be checked thoroughly before
starting the work.
NEVER drive down a hill while the engine
stopped or the transmission is in neutral.
Operation of this machine on a slope may

cause the machine to become unstable.
Work UP and DOWN on the inclined surfaces.
NEVER across drive the machine on the inclined surfaces.
NEVER slew the Backhoe nor steer the machine on inclined surfaces or slopes. Either grade
a level area or use stabilizers to level the machine in perpendicular position. Operate Control
levers slightly to prevent sudden movements that may cause the machine to slide or roll over.
23
2.4.9 WORKING AROUND UTILITY LINES
If it is suspected that utility lines such as petroleum, gas, water, phone or electrical power
exist in the job site, contact the local utility authority for line location BEFORE beginning to
work in that area.
Use extreme caution around electrical power
lines. Keep a sufficient distance away from
electrical lines during operation. See below
chart for minimum distances.
LINE VOLTAGE MINIMUM DISTANCE
0 50.000 3 meters or more
50.000 200.000 4,5 meters or more
200.000 350.000 6 meters or more
350.000 500.000 7,5 meters or more
500.000 750.000 10,5 meters or more
750.000 1.000.000 13,5 meters or more
2.4.10 LIFTING
Pay attention when lifting or hoisting heavy loads. Use
proper lifting equipment rated at a capacity to handle
the load. NEVER USE BUCKET TO LIFT OR MOVE
HEAVY LOADS. DO NOT RELY ON THE SAFE WORKING
LOAD INDICATED ON LIFTING EQUIPMENT SUCH AS
CHAINS, HOOKS, ETC. AS THOSE VALUES ARE NOT
VALID FOR YOUR MACHINE.
Safe Working Load with

forks is 1000 Kg.
Standard machines are not

equipped for object
handling.
24
2.4.11 FROZEN & SNOWY JOB SITES
Use extreme caution when operating the machine on frozen or snow covered job sites.
Operate all Controls slowly and cautiously to prevent sudden
movements that may cause the machine to shift, slide or move
unexpectedly. When snow is present or work area is frozen,
even the slightest slope can cause the machine to move
unexpectedly. Snow on hills or snow drifts can be much
deeper than expected. You can not control the machine under
such conditions.
2.4.12 DANGER ZONE

No one may enter the danger
zone of earth moving machines.
The danger zone is the area
around the earth moving machine
in which persons may be injured
by movements of the machine
during operation, its work
implements and attachments or
by swinging out or falling loads.
The operator may only work
when no one is in the danger
zone. The operator must give a
warning signal to persons who
may be in danger. The operator
must stop operating if anyone
remains in the danger zone
despite the warning.
2.4.13 RESTRICTED WORKING AREAS
25
At job sites where height and swing range is limited such as tunnels, bridges, surrounding
electrical power lines, other utilities, or inside structures, use extreme caution in keeping the
machine and its attachment at a safe distance away to prevent personal injury and
equipment or structure damage. To avoid danger of crushing, a sufficient safety distance
(min. 0.5 m) must be kept from solid objects, e.g. buildings, structures, scaffolding, other
machines, etc.
If the job site conditions restrict the operators view of driving and working zone, he must be
guided by a Flagman or the driving and working zone must be marked by a solid barricade.
CANALS & BACKFILL SETS

Canals and backfill sets can collapse. NEVER operate or pass
very close to canals and backfill sets that cause danger of
caving in or roll over.
PIPES & CABLES UNDER THE GROUND

Contact your local authorities of gas, water and electricity to
inform of the underground utilities at the job site before
beginning to dig. Ask the map for locations of underground lines
from the local authority.
Pay extra attention to find the map of gas pipelines under the ground prior to digging at the
job site. It is advisable to dig by hand to find the exact position of lines under the ground.
Until any reverse proof is detected cast iron pipes under the ground are regarded as gas
pipes. It should be avoided to dig too
close to old gas pipes that can be
damaged even by passing over. Gas
leaks are extremely explosive.
If probability of a gas leak appears,

inform the gas supplier as well as all
people in the job site at once.
Smoking at the job site should be
forbidden, open lights should be
turned off and all engines should be stopped in such a case.
WORK AT OLD SITES

Harmful substances such as asbestos and toxic chemicals could be buried in the site. Should
you find such materials while digging stop the machine and inform the site supervisor
urgently.
BARRIERS FOR SAFETY
Safety barriers should be used to obstruct people that are entering danger zone, where
visibility can also be lower.
2.4.14 JURIDICAL RESPONSIBILITY

When you damage any public utility you will be responsible by law. You are in charge of
finding the places of utility lines in your job site in order not to damage them by your
machine. It is highly recommended to pay attention to take necessary precautions of safety
at the job site in accordance with laws of state on operations by utility lines.
26
2.4.15 EXPERIMENTAL OPERATIONS
NEVER try or test experimental operations if you have any doubt on performing them in a
safe manner. Death or serious injury may result from trying to do experimental operations if
they were not done before. Experiments should be performed far from the job site on a plain
area. Do not allow people into the danger zone.
2.4.16 PARKING THE MACHINE

ALWAYS park the machine on a firm, level and dry ground whenever possible. If no firm
and level dry surface is available, block the wheels and lower the attachments to the ground
to block the movement of machine.
If it is absolutely necessary to park the machine on the public road, pay attention to not
obstruct the traffic. Also fix reflective Warning Signs and Markers at a safe distance from the
machine.
2.4.17 KEEP OTHER PEOPLE AWAY
Use extreme caution when dismounting an
attachment if there are any body around. Keep other
people clear of the working area while you work.
Operate the controls of the machine gently when
removing and installing attachments.
2.4.18 CHECK ATTACHMENT LOCK PINS

BE SURE to secure the attachment lock pins before
starting to job, to prevent unexpected suddenly
release of the attachment.
Moreover, apply down pressure to the attachment
prior to operating to check that the attachment is properly installed.
2.4.19 BLOCK THE ATTACHMENTS

To prevent the attachment rolling over, block all attachments
that are dismounted.
2.4.20 VENTILATION IN CLOSED AREA

BE SURE there is adequate ventilation when operating in a
closed area. Exhaust gases have fatal components that
are odorless and invisible so they may kill you without giving
any symptom.
2.4.21 EMERGENCY EXIT

Both doors of the Operators Cabin as well as
rear window can be used as an emergency
exit. NEVER store material that blocks the
doors of the Operators Cabin.
27
2.4.22 SUDDENLY STOP IN OPERATIO N
When the engine stops suddenly while working and couldnt re-start, the attachments can be
lowered down to ground by their own weight after moving the control levers to related
positions.
Try to be COOL. then, lower the attachment as soon as the site conditions allow. Check for
people or other equipment in the Danger Zone before lowering the attachment down.
2.4.23 SUDDENLY STOP

WHILE DRIVING
Should the Engine stop while
driving suddenly. Most important
thing is, looking to Brake
Accumulator Charge Warning Light
first.
If the Light is OFF when the
Starter Switch is ON position, the
brakes can be used to stop the
machine until this light comes on.
The operator must know that there
will be no braking force when
Brake Accumulator Charge
Warning Light comes on.
Do not turn the Starter Switch to OFF position
should the Engine stop suddenly while driving.
Never select 4 Wheel Steering while driving on
public roads (S type only) as the control of the
steering wheel becomes sticky when the
Engine stops suddenly.
Do not leave the Operators Seat before the
machine movement stopped.
2.4.24 STABILISERS EXTENDED WARNING

An audio alarm will be heard if the machine is driven with any of the stabilizers extended as
soon as any of drive directions is selected in any gear. Never forget to retract both stabilizers
fully after completing Backhoe work.
28
2.5 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE
SAFETY
NEVER try to perform a service operation you do not know. Ask HDROMEK for service
bulletin or call an expert to have the job done.
2.5.1 WARNING FOR FOOL START

Before performing any repair or maintenance
on the machine, attach a DO NOT OPERATE
tag to warn anyone who may try to start the
machine. Also, inform the Site Supervisor and all
operators that the machine is under repair or
maintenance.
2.5.2 TOOLS & EQUIPMENT

Use proper tools and equipment for the task at
hand. Be familiar the proper use of the tools and
equipment prior to servicing the machine.
2.5.3 STOP THE ENGINE

BE SURE TO TURN THE ENGINE OFF & APPLY THE PARKING BRAKE LEVER IN THE
ENGAGED (RAISED) POSITION before starting repairs or maintenance. Accidentally
starting the machine is dangerous and may cause fatal injury.
2.5.4 ENGAGE LEVER SAFETY LOCKS

BE CERTAIN TO ENGAGE LEVER SAFETY LOCKS prior to servicing the machine.
Failure to engage Lever Safety Locks may result in serious injury or death.
LEVER SAFETY LOCKS
29
2.5.5 ENGAGE ATTACHMENT
SAFETY LOCKS
In case it is necessary to carry out
maintenance operations or to stop
the machine with raised loader arm,
always engage the mechanical
safety lock.
WARNING
BEFORE WORKING WITH THE

LOADER ARM RAISED, ALWAYS
ENGAGE THE SAFETY LOCK.
SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH COULD RESULT FROM
NEGLECTING TO LOCK THE
LOADER ARM IN THE RAISED POSITION. THE LOADER ARM MAY DROP SUDDENLY
AND MAY CRUSH ANYBODY.
BACKHOE LOCK
A mechanical lock is provided for
locking the backhoe to the sideshift
frame on the left or right hand sides,
and preventing it to fall down.
BEFORE TRAVELLING
ON THE ROAD OR ANY
OPERATION OF THE
BACKHOE BOOM, ALWAYS
ENGAGE THE BACKHOE
ATTACHMENT LOCK. SERIOUS
PERSONAL INJURY MAY RESULT
FROM NEGLECTING TO LOCK THE
BACKHOE ATTACHMENT AS IT MAY
DROP OR SLEW SUDDENLY.
2.5.6 MAINTENANCE POSITION

ALWAYS set the machine in the position displayed by the figure before attempting any
nspection or maintenance. If this is not possible, secure loader arm and backhoe attachment
by the safety locks. ALWAYS LOWER THE ATTACHMENTS ON THE GROUND & APPLY
THE PARKING BRAKE BEFORE LEAVING THE OPERATORS CAB.
30
2.5.7 KEEP CLEAN THE MACHINE
Keep the machine clean and free of dirt, mud, spilled lubricant, fuel and fluids. Use approved
solvents, detergents and water to clean the machine.
Do not to wet the electrical components. Otherwise a serious damage may occur at the
electrical system.
NEVER wash inside of Operators Cab, or electrical components by pressurized water or
steam.
2.5.8 PRESSURIZED FLUIDS

ALWAYS release pressure from hydraulic, engine coolant and fuel system before removing
caps or dismounting any components. Lower the working attachments on the ground and
move the hydraulic control levers until there is no pressure left in the hydraulic system. Allow
enough time for the systems heat to cool down before performing any job.
WARNING
THE HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATOR IS PRESSURISED EVEN WHEN THERE IS
NO HYDRAULIC PRESSURE IN THE SYSTEM. DO NOT DISMANTLE THE
HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATOR BY ANY MEANS SUCH AS CUTTING,
PRESSING, WELDING, AND ETC. DISMOUNTING THE ACCUMULATOR WITHOUT
RELEASING THE NITROGEN GAS PRESSURE MAY CAUSE INJURY OR DEATH.
2.5.9 SUPPORT THE MACHINE

If it becomes necessary to raise the machine for
inspection or maintenance, always support the
machine by positioning the machine as shown in the
figure and use safety supports or blocks to support the
machine.
NEVER INSPECT OR PERFORM MAINTENANCE
UNDER MACHINES THAT ARE NOT SUPPORTED
PROPERLY.
Working under raised machines which are only raised
by the hydraulic jacks or by their own hydraulic
attachments is dangerous and strictly forbidden.
2.5.10 REFUELING
Move the machine to a well ventilated area for refueling. Use ONLY specified fuel as
described in the MAINTENANCE chapter of this
manual. Clean up any spilled fuel. Tighten the
Fuel Cap securely after refueling.
31
2.5.11 HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
All the circuits of hydraulic system are
under pressure at normal conditions.
Use a small piece of cardboard, wood
or metal when inspecting for leaks.
Small (pinhole) leaks may be
dangerous if they contact with your
skin or eyes.
2.5.12 TYRE INFLATION & WHEEL

NUTS
Tire services should be performed by
qualified service centers or by authorized
technicians that are properly trained and
use safety equipment. The rims and tires
used on this machine requires that
special care must be taken to prevent
accidents.
NEVER over inflate the tires.
NEVER weld on a wheel or rim.
WARNING
TIRE OR WHEEL COMPONENTS MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR
DEATH WHEN THEY BURST. ALWAYS WATCH THE SAFETY RULES.
Check wheel nut torque before starting the machine at every shift, within the first 50
hours of operation.
2.5.13 ROTATING PARTS IN THE ENGINE

Before performing any inspection or maintenance
do not wear loose clothing or jewelry as they may
be snatched by the rotating parts of the Engine.
Keep your hands, hair, feet, and clothing away from
moving parts. Protective devices for rotating
machine parts may only be dismounted when the
rotation of the part is stopped. Protective devices
e.g. engine/motor covers, doors, protective
bonnet, cage must be reattached properly after
maintenance or repair work.
32
2.5.14 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
-
When repairing the electrical system, disconnect
the battery in order to cut off the circuit.
Disconnect first the negative (-) earth black cable
and then the positive (+) red cable.
For reconnection (+) positive cable is to be
connected first, than connect the earth (-) cable.
DISCONNECT THE BATTERY LEADS BEFORE

ARC WELDING.
2.5.15 SAFE LIGHTING

Use explosion proof lamps when checking
the fuel, oil, battery or coolant.
2.5.16 WASTE MATERIALS

Dispose of lubricants, fuel, coolant, solvents,
filters, batteries etc. in accordance with State
and Local Laws and Regulations.
Contact local authorities for proper disposal
methods of such materials.
2.6 BATTERY SAFETY
2.6.1 WEAR PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Wear overalls, gloves and approved safety glasses or face
shields when working with the batteries. The battery
electrolyte will cause severe burns if spilled. Flush hands
or eyes with clean water for and ask for medical help
immediately.
33
2.6.2 KEEP AWAY FROM FIRE or FLAMES
NEVER allow fire or flames and do not smoke when
working with batteries. Highly explosive hydrogen gas is
produced by the electrolyte (acid) in the batteries. ALWAYS
work in a well ventilated area.
2.6.3 CHARGING BATTERY

Charge the battery in a well ventilated area.
When charging, remove the cell caps to allow the reaction
gases escaping.
Avoid inhale the vapor of the battery. Wear approved
safety equipment when working with or around batteries.
DO NOT charge a frozen battery which may explode.
ALWAYS keep the battery charged and protect it against freezing.
2.6.4 START WITH BOOSTER CABLES

*Wear protective safety equipment when starting with
booster cables.
*Avoid two machines contact each other during boost
starting.
*Connect the batteries in parallel; positive to positive,
negative to negative.
*Be sure to connect the positive cable first and then the
negative or earth cable, when connecting the booster
cables.
*After starting, disconnect first negative (earth) than

positive cable.
34
2.7 WARNING LABELS & DECALS
Warning Labels and Decals are affixed to the certain areas of the machine, to remind safety
precautions.
You may be injured if you do not obey the instructions on the Labels and Decals.
Keep Labels and Decals clean. Replace unreadable or missing decals with new ones. Make
sure replacement parts list includes the warning Labels and Decals.
The following are illustrated examples of all Warning Labels and Decals along with their
locations.
2.7.1 READ THE OPERATING and MAINTENANCE MANUAL WARNING
This warning decal is located in the

Operators Cab.
Part Number Y06 / 50090
2.7.2 KEEP CLEAR OF WORKING

AREA WARNING FOR BACKHOE
This warning decal is located on either sides of the boom..
Part Number Y06/11450 (Left Side)

Y06/11455 (Right Side)
2.7.3. FUEL SPECIFICATIONS WARNING LABEL
This warning decal is located on the fuel tank.
35
2.7.4 KEEP CLEAR OF WORKING AREA WARNING FOR LOADER
This warning decal is located on either sides of

the Loader Arm.
Part Number Y06/11460 (Left Side)

Y06/11465 (Right Side)
2.7.5 LIFT CYLINDER LOCK WARNING
This warning decal is located on the Lift

Cylinder Mechanical Lock.
2.7.6 DO NOT PINCH YOUR HANDS WARNING
This warning decal is located on the outer sides of Intermediate Levers of Loader Arm.
2.7.7 BEFORE PERFORMING ANY

MAINTENANCE or INSPECTION
STOP THE ENGINE, REMOVE
IGNITION KEY and READ
OPERATING MANUAL WARNING
FOR ROTATING and HOT PARTS.
This warning decal is located on the sides

of front casting.
36
2.7.8 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT WARNING
This warning decal is located on frontal part of the Right Hand

Side Console over Fuse Box and Main-board covers.
Part Number Y06/11340
2.7.9 BATTERY WARNING
This warning decal is located on Battery Box

Access Cover.
2.7.10 BACKHOE LOCK WARNING
This warning decal is located on the Left

Hand Side of Backhoe upper Side-Shift
frame.
2.7.11 FUEL TANK CAUTION
This caution decal is located on the Fuel Tank.
2.7.12 HYDRAULIC OIL TANK CAUTION
This caution decal is located on the Hydraulic Oil

Tank.
37
2.7.13 OIL LEVEL CHECK ACCESS COVER LABEL
This decal is located on the Oil Level Access

Cover, mounted on the left hand side Engine
cover.
Part Number Y06/11335
2.7.14 BACKHOE LEVER LOCK

WARNING
This warning decal is located on the Backhoe

Control Console facing the operator.
2.7.15 HYDRAULIC BREAKER AND AUGER OPERATION LABEL
This decal is located on the Telescopic Dipper to inform the Operator on the position of the
Lock Pin while operating with Hydraulic Breaker or Auger attachments.
38
2.8 PROHIBITED MACHINE OPERATION
The following examples of the operating mistakes should NEVER be attempted even by the
skilled operators. Misuse of this machine and its attachments can result in serious injury,
death, also severe equipment damage and decrease in the service life of the machine. Under
no circumstances should any of these operations be attempted and the warranty claims will
not be valid. Use common sense and follow proper operation procedures found in this
Operating Manual while operating this equipment.
2.8.1 DO NOT USE THE SLEWING FORCE

OF THE BACKHOE FOR GRADING
Using the slewing force for grading develops
excessive forces to the structure of the machine as
well as backhoe and telescopic dipper..
2.8.2 DO NOT HAMMER WITH THE BUCKET

Performing operations such as hammering and piling
will cause extensive damage to the machine and its
components.
NEITHER the Backhoe bucket NOR the Loader
shovel should be used in develop impact force to
drive something into the ground.
2.8.3 NEVER USE THIS MACHINE OUT

OF ITS DESIGN PURPOSE
This machine is designed and manufactured for
digging and loading operations mainly.
39
2.8.4 DO NOT USE THE BACKHOE LOADER FOR LIFTING PEOPLE
NEITHER the backhoe bucket NOR the loader
shovel should be used in lifting people up,
unless the essential safety modifications were
installed on the machine.
Failure to do not pay heed this, may result in
personal injury or death.
2.8.5 DO NOT IMPACT HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS TO STROKE END

REPEATEDLY
Extending and retracting backhoe
bucket or loader shovel cylinders to
stroke ends to clean debris from the
bucket; will cause impact on the
cylinders causing cylinder damage.
Overheating of hydraulic oil may also
take place. Remove material from the
bucket or shovel manually or by
using pressurized water.
2.8.6 NEVER EXCEED THE CAPACITY OF MACHINE

Be familiar with the limits of the machine and its attachments and operate the machine within
those specifications.
Choose the correct attachment for the job.
Do not use an oversized bucket or shovel
for a hard bank material. It could overload
the machine and shorten service life.
NEVER tip or raise the machine to gain

power to pull out the material. This could
cause extensive damage to the machine
and its components as well as result in
serious injury or death.
40
2.8.7 DO NOT HAMMER THE BUCKET TO BREAK
Performing operations such as breaking and cutting will cause extensive damage to the
machine and its components like bucket, bucket teeth and pins especially. NEITHER the
Backhoe bucket NOR the Loader shovel should be used in creating impact force to break
something on the ground. Such operations can also cause serious injury or death.
2.8.8 DO NOT DRIVE WITH THE STABILISERS EXTENDED

Do not forget to retract the stabilizers
after completing Backhoe work.
Attempting to drive the machine with the
stabilizers extended is not allowed for
several safety reasons. Trying to move
the machine on stabilizers will impair
stability and may cause extensive
damage to the machine and its
components as well. Failure to heed this
may result in personal injury or death.
2.9 END of THE WORK SHIFT
Perform all of the following procedures after the end of each shift to ensure that the machine
is in optimal operating condition for the next shift or job site.
2.9.1 Move the machine to a firm, level surface.
2.9.2 Lower front and rear attachments to the ground.
2.9.3 Refill fuel tank to FULL mark to reduce air volume and condensation (moisture). This
will decrease the possibility of freezing in the fuel tank, rusting due to moisture and other
problems associated with start up and operation.
2.9.4 Close and secure all windows into their places to prevent water or moisture reaching
the electrical components of the machine.
2.9.5 Thoroughly clean and inspect the machine. Perform lubrication, maintenance and
repair or replace any problematic areas found before restarting the Backhoe Loader.
41
3. DESCRIPTION
3.1 CONTROLS & INSTRUMENTS
CAB INTERIOR FRONT VIEW
ITEM DESCRIPTON
1 BRAKE PEDAL
2 THROTTLE PEDAL
3 STEERING WHEEL
4 STEERING KNOB
5 DRIVE CONTROL LEVER, GEAR & DIRECTION CHANGE AND HORN
6 COLUMN SWITCH , TURN SIGNAL & ACCESSORIES
7 FRONT INSTRUMENT PANEL
8 AIR DUCT, LEFT Hand Side
9 AIR DUCT, RIGHT Hand Side
42
3.2 FRONT INSTRUMENT PANEL
1 WARNING LIGHT CLUSTER FOR;
1-1 TURN INDICATOR, LEFT 1-5 CRAB STEER

1-2 BRAKE PRESSURE LOW 1-6 BLANK
1-3 4 WHEEL STEERING 1-7 HIGH BEAM
1-4 2 WHEEL STEERING 1-8 TURN INDICATOR RIGHT
2 HOURMETER
3 HAZARD WARNING LIGHTS
4 HEADLIGHTS & TAIL LIGHTS
5 COLUMN SWITCH, TURN SIGNAL, WIPER, FLASHING HEADLIGHTS
HIGH BEAM- LOW BEAM SELECTOR & WINDSCREEN WASHER
6 DRIVE CONTROL LEVER, GEAR& DIRECTION CHANGE AND HORN
7 STEERING WHEEL
1-3, 1-4 & 1-5 are valid for HMK 102S models equipped with 4 wheel
steering system.
3.3 HMK 102S RIGHT HAND SIDE CONSOLE
43
ITEM DESCRIPTON
1 STARTER SWITCH
2 PARKING BRAKE LEVER
3 THROTTLE LEVER
4 LOADER CONTROLS
5 CLAM SHOVEL CONTROLS
6 CONSOLE LID FOR RELAYS, FUSE BOX AND MAINBOARDS
7 RIGHT HAND SIDE INSTRUMENT PANEL
8 LOADER CONTROL LEVER SAFETY LOCK
9 CIGARETTE LIGHTER
10 AIR DUCTS
11 ASHTRAY
12 RADIO/CASETTE PLAYER (OPTIONAL)
3.3 RIGHT HAND SIDE INSTRUMENT PANEL
44
ITEM DESCRIPTON
1 STARTER SWITCH
GAUGE CLUSTER
2 COOLANT TEMPERATURE
3 TACHOMETER
4 FUEL LEVEL
5 HEATER TEMPERATURE CONTROL KNOB
6 STEERING MODE SELECTOR SWITCH (FOR HMK 102S MODELS)
LEFT HAND SIDE SWITCH CLUSTER FOR;
7 ROTATING BEACON
8 FRONT WORKING LAMPS
9 2WD / 4WD SELECTION
CENTRAL SWITCH CLUSTER FOR;
10 HSC ( HYDRAULIC SPEED CONTROL)
11 BLANK (For Optional Equipment)
12 BLANK (For Optional Equipment)
RIGHT HAND SIDE SWITCH CLUSTER FOR;
13 REAR WINDOW WASHER
14 HYDRAULIC CLAMPING
15 INNER and OUTER REAR WORKING LAMPS
16 FAN (THREE STAGE)
17 WARNING LIGHT CLUSTER
WARNING LIGHT CLUSTER ON RIGHT HAND SIDE INSTRUMENT PANEL
45
WARNING
1 ALTERNATOR CHARGE
2 ENGINE OIL PRESSURE
3 TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE
4 PARKING BRAKE ENGAGED
5 BLANK
6 COOLANT TEMPERATURE
7 TRANSMISSION OIL TEMPERATURE
8 AIR FILTER CLOGGED
3.2 FRONT INSTRUMENT PANEL
46
Warning lights and control switches that are essential for driving the machine are located on
the front instrument panel around the steering column. All lights except for the Hazard
Warning Lights go out when the starter key is in 0FF position.
3.2.1 HAZARD WARNING LIGHT SWITCH
Flasher Hazard Warning

Light Switch is located on
the right hand side of the
Front Instrument Panel. It
is in red for finding easily in
case of emergency. When
this switch is operated a
red light flashes even if the
Starter Key is at 0FF
position.
47
3.2.2 HEADLIGHTS & TAIL LIGHTS SWITCH
Headlights and tail lights switch is located on the right hand side of the front instrument panel
and controls the driving lights both in the front and at the back of the machine. High and low
beam of headlights can be selected by moving the right hand side column switch up and
down. The symbol on the switch is illuminated. A red bar lights on this switch to indicate that
it is ON.
3.2.3 FRONT WARNING LIGHT

CLUSTER
Consists of;
TURN INDICATOR, LEFT

This green warning light flashes when left turn
signal is given by pushing the right hand side
column switch forward.
BRAKE ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE LOW

WARNING LIGHT
This red warning light turns on when the oil
pressure is low or there is no pressure in the
hydraulic accumulator of the braking system.
This light should not come on normally.
FOUR WHEEL STEERING (4 WS) MODE

INDICATOR LIGHT ( For HMK 102S
models)
This yellow light comes on when 4WS
mode is selected through the steering
mode selector switch on the right hand
side.
TWO WHEEL STEERING (2 WS) MODE

INDICATOR LIGHT( For HMK 102S models)
48
This yellow light comes on when 2WS mode is selected through the Steering Mode Selector
on the Right Hand Side Console. Switch when driving on to public roads.
CRAB STEERING MODE INDICATOR

LIGHT ( For HMK 102S models)
This yellow light comes on when Crab
Steering mode is selected through the
Steering Mode Selector Switch on the Right
Hand Side Console.
HIGH BEAM WARNING LIGHT

This blue light turns on when High Beam
of the Headlights are switched on.
TURN INDICATOR, RIGHT

This green warning light flashes when right
turn signal is given by pulling the right hand
side column switch backward.
3.2.4 HOURMETER
Indicates the total running time of the engine. The
counter continues to count while the engine is
running. It should be used to check on the
maintenance intervals.
3.2.5 DRIVE CONTROL LEVER
49
DRIVING FORWARD
Lift and push this lever forward, so the machine will move forward.
DRIVING BACKWARD
Lift and pull this lever backward, so the machine will move backward.
NEUTRAL POSITION
Lift and push or pull this lever depending on the driving direction. To select neutral position is,
perpendicular to the steering column.
SPEED CHANGE
There are four speeds available in both forward and reverse. Rotate the barrel to the
required gear for changing the drive speed.
HORN
Push the button on the top end of Drive
Control Lever to switch the horn on. See
figure beside.
3.2.6 RIGHT HAND SIDE MULTIFUNCTIONAL SWITCH
50
Switches on the lever and their functions are as
follows.
1. RIGHT TURN SIGNAL

Right turn signal lamp flashes when the lever is
pulled back. When turning is completed the
lever returns to mid (neutral) position
automatically.
2. LEFT TURN SIGNAL

Left turn signal lamp flashes when the lever is
pushed forward. When turning is completed the
lever returns to mid (neutral) position
automatically.
3. CONTINUOUS WINDSCREEN WIPER

Windscreen Wiper of Operators Cabin starts to
operate continuously when the barrel is rotated
backward. Rotate the barrel backward once to
position I for continuous slow operation of
Wiper to clean the windscreen and rotate the
barrel once forward to position 0 to stop
continuous slow operation of Wiper. When the
barrel is rotated once more (twice) backward to
position II continuous fast operation of Wiper starts and stops when it is rotated forward
twice to position 0 .
4. INTERMITTENT WINDSCREEN WIPER

Wiper starts to operate intermittently when the
barrel is rotated forward to position J and stops
when it is rotated backward to position 0.
5. FLASHING HEADLIGHTS
High Beam of the Headlights stays ON as
long as the lever is lifted up. It functions at I
( ON ) position of the Starter Switch only.
6. LOW BEAM / HIGH BEAM

High Beam of Head Lights is ON when the lever is pushed down and Low Beam of
Headlights is ON when the lever is at the center position. It functions only when the
Headlights and Tail Lights rocker switch is on.
WHEN DRIVING ON PUBLIC ROADS FOR SAFETY IN TRAFFIC. HIGH BEAM

OF HEADLIGHTS MAY DISTURB THE EYES OF OTHER DRIVERS AND MAY
CAUSE FATAL ACCIDENTS.
7. WINDSCREEN WASHER
Water is sprayed on the windscreen and rear window when the button No 4. is pressed on. It
functions at I (ON) position of the Starter Switch only.
51
3.3 RIGHT HAND SIDE
INSTRUMENT PANEL
Gauges, Warning lights and

control switches that are
essential for operating the
machine are located on the
right hand side console.
HMK 102B
HMK 102S
3.3.1 STARTER SWITCH
This is a switch with 4 positions as seen in Figure.
Removal of starter key can be possible only when the
switch is at 0 position.
0 OFF / ENGINE STOP

Turn the key to stop the engine. The transmission should
be at neutral position, all of the attachments must be
lowered and the parking brake must be applied prior to
stopping the engine.
I ON
Battery electric power is supplied to the electrical system. (The electric power of the parking
lights and hazard warning lights are fed directly.)
II PRE-HEATING POSITION
When the key is held at this position, the engine will easy start in cold weather. The key
should not be kept in this position longer than 15 seconds.
III START POSITION
The starter motor runs to start the Engine, by turning the key to this position.
Do not run the starter motor more than 20 seconds if the Engine does not start. Wait at least
2 minutes before restarting to allow the starter motor to cool down.
52
3.3.2 ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE
GAUGE
Engine coolant temperature is indicated by this gauge.
It operates when the Starter Switch is in I ON position.
3.3.3 TACHOMETER
The engine speed in revolutions per minute (RPM) is
indicated by this gauge. Each increment corresponds
to 100 RPM. The red band on the scale indicates the
dangerous range. DO NOT operate the machine
in the red range.
3.3.4 FUEL LEVEL GAUGE

The amount of diesel fuel left in the fuel tank is indicated by
this gauge. NEVER allow the fuel tank become empty.
3.3.5 CIGARETTE LIGHTER

The Cigarette Lighter is located below the right hand side instrument panel towards right.
The Starter Switch should be in I (ON) position to
use the cigarette lighter. Push down the cigarette
lighter and wait for it approximately 30 seconds to
pop out. Pull lighter from the socket to use. Replace
the Cigarette Lighter back into its socket after using.
ALWAYS remember that the socket of Cigarette
Lighter can serve as a power supply for several 12V
equipment and accessories.
REMEMBER SMOKING IS DANGEROUS FOR
YOUR HEALTH !
DO NOT DRIVE OR WORK WHEN SMOKING
53
3.3.6 ROTATING BEACON SWITCH
Rotating beacon switch is located on the left hand
side of the right instrument panel. Controls the rotating
beacon on the roof of the operators cab.
When driving on public roads or when operating at
places where safety is very important, turn on beacon.
A red bar lights on this switch to indicate that it is
ON.
3.3.7 FRONT WORKING LIGHTS SWITCH

Front working light switch is located on the left
hand side of the right instrument panel. Controls
the working lights at the top front of operators
cab.
3.3.8 TWO / FOUR WHEEL DRIVE

SWITCH
2 / 4 wheel drive switch is located on the left
side of the right instrument panel.
Press on 2 / 4 wheel drive rocker switch to
select 2 wheel drive. A red bar lights on the
switch when 2 wheel drive is selected.
Machine will shift automatically into 4

wheel drive, when the brakes are applied.
Breaking force will be applied simultaneous to

the wheels.
54
3.3.9 HYDRAULIC SPEED CONTROL (HSC)
SWITCH
Hydraulic speed control ( HSC ) switch is located
on the middle part of the right instrument panel.
When this switch is pressed on, the oil of the
second hydraulic pump returns to the hydraulic
tank.
The advantages of this control are :
1. While loading a stockpile, higher traction force

gain is delivered.
2. The higher engine power is provided for travel
and fuel economy is in addition.
3. The sensitive speed of backhoe is provided
when handling or placing.
3.3.10 HYDRAULIC CLAMPING SWITCH

Hydraulic clamping switch is located on the right part of
the right instrument panel.
Controls the kingpost clamps for not side shifting. This
switch should be pressed on to release the clamps when
side shifting.
In this position the clamp cylinders are released. It

should be switched off to block the clamps on the side
shifting frame.
The symbol on the switch is illuminated. A red bar lights
on this switch to indicate that it is ON.
3.3.11 REAR WORKING LIGHTS SWITCH

Rear working lights switch is located on the right end
of the right instrument panel.
The working lights at the top of operators cabin for

use in dark areas when operating with the backhoe.
A red bar lights on this switch to indicate that it is
ON.
There are two positions of this switch. When this
switch is pressed once rear inner working lights
illuminate. When this switch is pressed once more
rear outer working lights illuminate.
55
3.3.12 HEATER / DEFROSTER FAN SWITCH
Heater / Defroster Fan Switch is located on the
right end of the right instrument panel and
controls the fan.
The fan switch has three operating positions. Fan
speed is slower in the 1st position and faster in
the 2nd. 3rd position provides highest speed for
blowing. For heating, when engine is running the
heater temperature knob should be adjusted in
order to provide warm air from the ducts into the
cabin. Heater valve is control by the heater
temperature knob.
Heater Temperature Knob is located on lower

right part of the right instrument panel over
Heater / Defroster Fan Switch as seen in the
Figure.
Rotate the Heater Temperature Knob to allow the circulation of the coolant in the heating
circuit.
Select 3rd fan speed and rotate the heater knob to maximum, for effective defrosting in
winter.
There is a set of heater air filters consisting of 2 filters on the right side
of the operators cab for cleaning the cab air.
The warm air is directed through:
- The ducts on the dashboard to the windscreen,
- The ducts on the dashboard to the operator,
- The ducts on the right hand side console to the

operator,
- The duct on the right hand side console to rear

window.
56
WARNING
IF ONE OR MORE OF THE FOLLOWING LIGHTS (EXCEPT FOR THE PARKING BRAKE
WARNING LIGHT) TURN ON WHILE THE ENGINE IS RUNNING, STOP THE ENGINE AS
SOON AS POSSIBLE. DO NOT OPERATE THE MACHINE UNTIL THE FAULT IS
CORRECTED.
3.3.13 RIGHT HAND SIDE WARNING LIGHT CLUSTER

Consists of;
NO CHARGE WARNING LIGHT

This red light turns on with an audio alarm if
electrical charging system does not function
properly. This light should turn off a few
seconds after the engine is started.
LOW ENGINE OIL PRESSURE WARNING

LIGHT
This red warning light turns on with an audio
alarm should the Engine Oil Pressure drop
below safe operating pressure. This light
should turn off after the engine is started.
LOW TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE

WARNING LIGHT
alarm should the Transmission Oil Pressure
drop excessively. This light should turn off
after the engine is started.
PARKING BRAKE APPLIED WARNING LIGHT

This red warning light turns on when parking brake
is applied while the drive control lever is in neutral.
The light goes off when parking brake is
disengaged.
57
HIGH COOLANT TEMPERATURE
WARNING LIGHT
This red warning light turns on with an
audio alarm. The engine coolant
temperature is above safe operating limit.
HIGH TRANSMISSION OIL

TEMPERATURE WARNING LIGHT
alarm. The transmission oil temperature is
above safe operating limit.
AIR FILTER CLOGGED WARNING LIGHT

This red warning light turns on along with an
audio alarm. The engine air filter be clogged.
DO NOT CLEAN THE AIR FILTER
ELEMENT BY ANY MEANS. STORE
SPARE ELEMENTS IN ORDER TO
REPLACE WHEN THE ENGINE AIR
CLOGGED WARNING LIGHT IS ON.
3.3.14 STEERING MODE SELECTOR SWITCH

( For HMK 102S models)
Steering mode selector switch that is located at left end

of the right instrument panel, which is controlled by a key
inserted into the switch. The switch is for selecting the
modes of the four wheel steering system.
58
3.4 BRAKE PEDAL
The HDROMEK Backhoe Loaders are equipped with a brake system consisting of a
separate hydraulic brake pump, pedal valve and charge valve with hydraulic accumulator.
3.4.1 BRAKE PUMP

Indeepndent brake pump system receives hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank.
3.4.2 CHARGE VALVE & ACCUMULATOR

Brake system receives the pressurized oil from a charge valve in its own system. After
engine is stopped, the effect of braking is maintained for a while by a hydraulic accumulator
over the charge valve.
A warning light in the front instrument panel indicates the lack of pressure in the hydraulic
accumulator of brake system.
3.5 THROTTLE PEDAL

A throttle pedal is provided on the right side for controlling the Engine RPM by operators
foot. When the pedal is pushed forward Engine RPM increases. When the throttle pedal is
released Engine RPM drops down to idle speed.
3.6 PARKING BRAKE LEVER
Pull the parking brake lever up to apply

the parking brake. Warning light should
light up.
To release the parking brake, push

down the lever fully. Warning light
should go out.
DO NOT USE PARKING

BRAKE TO SLOW DOWN
THE MACHINE EXCEPT
FOR EMERGENCY.
3.7 THROTTLE LEVER
59
HDROMEK Backhoe Loaders are equipped with a Throttle Lever that should be used when
working with Backhoe to fix the Engine RPM.
- Lift the lever up to increase the engine speed.
- Push the lever down to decrease the engine speed.
DO NOT USE THROTTLE LEVER WHILE WORKING WITH LOADER OR WHEN

DRIVING. ADJUST ENGINE SPEED TO 1500 RPM WHEN WORKING WITH
BACKHOE.
3.8 LOADER CONTROL LEVERS

Loader Control Levers are located on the right side of the Operators Seat. Its purpose is to
allow the operator to control the movements of the Loader.
3.8.1 LOADER SAFETY LOCK LEVER

Loader Safety Lock Lever is located at the bottom of the Right Side Console facing the
Operators Seat. The Loader Safety Lock Lever is used to lock out the lifting and lowering
functions of the Loader Arm by blocking the movement of Loader Control Lever for above
functions. The Loader Safety Lock Lever has 2 operating positions:
a) LOCKED: When the Loader Safety Lock Lever is pulled towards the Operator and
then rotated forward lifting and lowering functions of the Loader Arm are blocked.
b) UNLOCKED: When the Loader Safety Lock Lever is pulled towards the Operator
and then rotated backward lifting and lowering functions of the Loader Arm are
allowed to resume operation.
ALWAYS PLACE THE LOADER SAFETY

LOCK LEVER IN LOCKED POSITION BEFORE LEAVING THE OPERATORS CABIN.
NEVER LEAVE THE MACHINE UNATTENDED WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING OR THE
SAFETY LOCK LEVER IN UNLOCKED POSITION.
60
FLOAT BUCKET
LOADER
TILTARM
BACK BUCKET LOADER
DUMP ARM UP
DOWN
3.8.2 LOADER CONTROL LEVER

Loader control lever has 6 basic operational functions.
A) FORWARD STEP 1: Loader arm DOWN B) FORWARD STEP 2: FLOAT
C) BACKWARD : Loader arm UP D) LEFT : Loader bucket ROLL BACK
E) RIGHT : Loader bucket DUMP F) CENTRE: HOLD
3.8.3 CLAMSHELL CONTROL LEVER

(Optional)
CLAMSHELL Clamshell control lever is located just beside
OPEN the loader control lever. Clamshell control
lever has 3 basic operational functions:
G) FORWARD : Clamshell OPEN
H) BACKWARD : Clamshell CLOSED
I) CENTRE : HOLD
CLAMSHELL
CLOSED
KICK OUT SWITCH Kick out switch is located

on the loader control lever and is used to
disconnect the transmission electrically for
providing more force to the loader side.
61
E
C BUCKET DUMP
YZME
FLOAT A
LOADER ARM
YKLEYC KOLU
DOWN
AAI
B
BUCKET TILT BACK
D LOADER ARM UP
3.8.4 LOADER CONTROL LEVER (Joystick type)
Loader control lever has 5 basic operational functions by lever and 4 PUSH BUTTON
functions in addition .
A) FORWARD STEP 1: Loader arm DOWN
B) BACKWARD : Loader arm UP
C) RIGHT : Loader bucket DUMP
D)
LEFT
:
Loader H F
bucket
TILT CLAMSHELL
BACK OPEN
I
E)
KICK-OUT FULL
G
FORCE CLAMSHELL
CLOSED
FORWARD STEP 2:: FLOAT
62
F) PUSH RED BUTTON RIGHT : Clamshell OPEN
G) PUSH RED BUTTON LEFT : Clamshell CLOSED
H) PUSH YELLOW BUTTON : LEVELLING
I) PUSH BLACK BUTTON : KICK OUT
3.9 STOWAGE PLACES
Stowage Places are provided within the

Operators Cabin for keeping objects
like glasses, mugs and bottles safely.
SEAT LATERAL
RECLINING ADJUSTMENT
3.10 OPERATORS SEAT LEVER BAR
The standard Operators Seat with suspension
has several adjustment mechanisms to ensure
the operator ease of operation, comfort and
safety. Adjustments of the Operators Seat are as
follows:
LUMBAR
SUPPORT
ADJ. KNOB
WARNING (opt.)
THE MOVEMENT OF THE OPERATORS SEAT

UNEXPECTEDLY DURING OPERATION, MAY SEAT
CAUSE ACCIDENTS INVOLVING PERSONAL ROTATION
INJURY OR MATERIAL DAMAGE. LEVER
THEREFORE, ALWAYS MAKE SURE THAT
WEIGHT ADJ. UP & TOP ADJ.

63 KNOB KNOB
THE SEAT IS BLOCKED AT ITS POSITION BY LOCKING IN THE SELECTED NOTCHES
AFTER THE ADJUSTMENT OF POSITION
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO ADJUST THE OPERATORS SEAT WHEN THE

MACHINE IS IN MOTION.
3.10.1 SEAT RECLINING (BACKREST)

ADJUSTMENT
Pull the reclining lever backwards and tilt the
backrest of the seat to the desired angle.
Recline your back against the backrest of the
seat. When you fell comfortable, release the
seat reclining lever.
SEAT
RECLINING
LEVER
3.10.2 SEAT LATERAL ADJUSTMENT

Pull seat lateral adjustment bar up and slide
the seat backwards or forwards to the desired
distance from the steering column. Then,
release the lateral adjustment bar and lock
the operators seat in its position.
LATERAL ADJ. BAR
64
3.10.3 SEAT HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT
Unfolding and operating the Adjustment Knob
at the front of the seat suspension allows the
operator to raise or lower the seat whilst
remaining seated. The mechanism
compensates for the weight of the operator
and the height can be set anywhere within the
stroke.
3.10.4 OPERATORS SEAT
COMBINED HEIGHT and WEIGHT
SEAT UP & ADJUSTMENT
WEIGHT TOP ADJ. ATTENTION ! It is very important !
ADJ. KNOB KNOB Combined height and weight adjustment
procedure for operators seat is given below
a. Sit on the Operators Seat.
b. Rotate the Adjustment Knob clockwise to
raise the Operators seat. Rotate the
adjustment knob counterclockwise to lower the operators seat.
c. Check the ride indicator shows green. If it shows red, readjust the height of Operators
Seat. If the up-stop adjustment knob that is the extra of this option is fitted it can be used to
limit the upward travel of the suspension. Slide the up-stop adjustment knob fully to the right
for maximum stroke. Slide this knob fully to the left to limit the stroke to 80 mm.
3.10.5 HEAD REST (Optional) ADJUSTMENT

Adjust head rest (optional extra) height manually by moving
the head rest (optional extra) up and down to the desired
height for your comfort and safety. Head Rest (optional extra)
can be tilted forwards or backwards by moving it to the desired
angle. Head rest (optional extra) can be removed by pulling up
whenever required.
3.10.6 ARM REST (Optional) ANGLE

ADJUSTMENT ADJUSTER
Bring the arm rest to the required position and rotate
the
adjuster by hand clockwise or counterclockwise until
arm
rest is locked at the desired position against downward
movement.
65
3.10.7 SEAT ROTATION
Push the seat rotation lever backwards. Rotate
the seat to left. Release the seat rotation lever
and continue to rotate the seat until it locks itself. SEAT
The position lock is effective in driving and ROTATION
operating the backhoe position. LEVER
LUMBAR
SUPPORT
ADJUSTMENT
KNOB (Opt.)
3.10.8 LUMBAR SUPPORT (Optional)
ADJUSTMENT
Lumbar support adjustment knob is located
on the left side of the backrest. The
adjustment changes to soft or hard gradually
when lumbar support adjustment knob is
rotated forward.
3.11 SEAT BELT
The procedure for fastening the Seat Belt is

given below:
a. Sit on the operators seat properly and
adjust the sitting position so that the
operators back contacts with the backrest
fully. BUCKLE
b. Draw out the belt long enough
moderately and insert it in the buckle until a
LOCK
clicking noise is heard. When the hands are
released the length is automatically
adjusted and the belt is blocked.
If the Belt is stopped when drawn out
halfway, it will be blocked at the stopped position. Return it back to its storing position and
draw it out again.
66
c. The belt can be extended or shortened within 25 mm so as not to fasten the body tightly
after locking.
d. Press the button of the buckle and the belt is unfastened.
3.12 INTERIOR LIGHTING

Interior light of the operators cabin is located
on the right hand side of roof -just above the
operator- for illuminating inside in the dark. The
location of interior light of the operators cabin is
different for machines that are equipped with
air-conditioner optionally. OFFI
a.Turn interior lighting ON by pushing the
ON
switch of interior light downward.
b.Turn OFF by pushing the switch of interior
light all the way up.
3.13 COAT HANGER
The coat hanger is located on the left hand side

rear pillar of the operators cabin. Coat hanger
should only be used for hanging coats and tags or temporary notices.
NEVER HANG PURSES, BAGS OR CONTAINERS THAT CONTAIN HEAVY OBJECTS ON

THE COAT HANGER ALTHOUGH THE COAT HANGER IS STRONG ENOUGH
TO HOLD SUCH OBJECTS. HEAVY OBJECTS SUSPENDED FROM THE COAT
HANGER MAY FALL DOWN OR SWING DURING OPERATION WHILE
CAUSING DANGER.
3.14 ASH TRAY
The Ash Tray is located right under the Instrument Panel, on the Right Hand Side Console of
the Operators Cabin. Pull the Ash Tray to open. The Ash Tray can be released to clean by
pushing down its latch in the middle.
3.15 AIR CONDITIONER (Optional)

INTERIOR LIGHTING
CONTROL PANEL
Air conditioning system is controlled by the air

conditioning and fan switches on the right hand side
middle pillar. The conditioned air is directed through the
ducts on the roof into the operators cabin.
All the air taken from the inside of operators cabin
passes through a filter at the inlet duct.
CONDTIO.
Using the Air Conditioner SWITCH
The heater temperature knob on FAN SPEED

the right side instrument panel CONTROL SW.
must be turned off (To left fully)
before starting the air conditioner.
67
Rotate the fan speed control switch to the required air flow after starting the Engine and then
press on to the air conditioning switch. Close the doors and windows for effective use of air
conditioner and keep the Engine Speed between 1500 and 2000 RPM.
3.16 BACKHOE CONTROL CONSOLE
3.16.1 BACKHOE SAFETY LOCK LEVER

Backhoe safety lock lever is provided in order to enhance safety by blocking the movements
of the backhoe control levers on the backhoe control console. Move the lever of lock to right
hand side as seen in the figure to engage the safety lock. The lever of lock should be moved
to left hand side to release the safety lock.
BACKHOE OPR.
NEVER FORGET TO SUPPORT LEFT LEVER RIGHT
ENGAGE BACKHOE
SAFETY LOCK LEVER
BEFORE LEAVING
THE OPERATORS CABIN OR
AFTER
ENGAGING BACKHOE LOCK IN
THE
TRAVEL POSITION. FAILURE TO
OPTIONAL
HEED MAY RESULT IN
PEDAL
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE AS WELL
AS PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
BACKHOE
OPR. LEVER
LEFT
SAFETY LOCK
SUPPORT RIGHT
3.16.2 LEFT HAND SIDE BACKHOE

CONTROL LEVER
Left Hand Side Backhoe Control Lever has

5 basic operational functions:
A) FORWARD : Dipper OUT
B) BACKWARD : Dipper IN
C) LEFT : Backhoe slew LEFT
D) RIGHT : Backhoe slew RIGHT
CENTRE : HOLD
68
3.16.3 RIGHT HAND SIDE BACKHOE
CONTROL LEVER
Right Hand Side Backhoe Control Lever has 5

basic operational functions:
F) FORWARD : Boom DOWN
G) BACKWARD :Boom UP
H) LEFT : Bucket IN
I) RIGHT : Bucket OUT
CENTRE
: HOLD
3.16.4
STABILIZER CONTROL LEVERS

The left and right stabilizer control levers controls left and
right stabilizers respectively. Stabilizer control levers
have 3 basic operational functions:
K) FORWARD : Stabilizers EXTEND
L) BACKWARD : Stabilizers RETRACT
CENTRE : Neutral Position
The side-shift machines are equipped with an alarm
for extended stabilizers to warn the operator when the stabilizers are not fully
retracted.
3.16.5 AUXILIARY VALVE PEDAL

Auxiliary Valve Pedal that is used to
control optional hydraulic accessories and
attachments mounted on the backhoe is
located on the right hand side of the
backhoe control console. Auxiliary valve
pedal has 3 basic operational functions:
a1) FORWARD : Telescopic Boom

EXTEND (If equipped with and
operational)
69
a2) FORWARD : Hydraulic Hammer OPERATES as long as the pedal is pressed at
the top. (If equipped with and operational)
b) BACKWARD :Telescopic Boom RETRACT (If equipped with and operational)
3.16.6 AUXILIARY VALVE SWITCH AUX. VALVE

(OPTIONAL) SWITCH
An Auxiliary Valve Switch that can be used to

control optional hydraulic accessories and
attachments mounted on the backhoe is located
on the left hand side of the backhoe control
console. This switch must be kept pressed on to
operate the optional auxiliary circuit
continuously.
A red bar lights on this switch to indicate that it
is ON.
DO NOT FORGET TO SWITCH OFF

AUXILIARY VALVE SWITCH WHEN
NOT IN USE. OTHERWISE,
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND
NOISE AS WELL AS OVERHEATING OF HYDRAULIC OIL MAKE TAKE PLACE
CONSEQUENTLY.
3.17 HORN BUTTON ON BACKHOE CONTROL

LEVER
There is a horn push button provided at the top of the
right hand side of the backhoe control lever. Use it for
warning when operating with the backhoe. Horn must be
sound when slewing the backhoe in the crowded job
sites.
3.18 HYDRAULIC BREAKER BUTTON ON

BACKHOE CONTROL LEVER (Optional)
There is a Hydraulic Breaker push button provided at the
top of the Left Hand Side Backhoe Control Lever for use
when operating with the Hydraulic Breaker. Hydraulic
Breaker can be operated by pressing the button.
70
3.19 REAR WINDOW
Single piece rear window of the operators

cabin can be opened and slid under the
roof.
BE CAREFUL WHEN OPENING AND CLOSING REAR WINDOW AS IT IS

SLIDING. OPERATORS SEAT SHOULD BE MOVED BACKWARDS FOR
PROVIDING YOURSELF MORE SPACE ON THE MOVE.
UPPER LOCKS
GRIP BARS
LOWER LOCKS
VIEW INSIDE RIGHT

VIEW INSIDE LEFT
3.19.1 OPENING THE REAR WINDOW

Rear window can be opened by pulling up the
grip bars at each side after unlocking the upper
locks.
a) Pull away and rotate the knobs of upper
and lower locks for unlocking.
b) Hold the grip bars at each side firmly.
c) Pull up and slide the rear window towards
the loader end (BACKWARD in this position) as
far as it goes.
d) Secure the Rear Window in open position
using lower locks of which locking pins are
71
engaged into holes on the rails, by rotating their
knobs for placing the split pins into the hole of
the locks. Make sure that locking pins are
engaged properly.
3.19.2 CLOSING THE REAR WINDOW

The rear window that is opened according to
the above procedure can be closed as follows:
a) Pull and rotate the knobs of lower locks for
unlocking.
b) Hold the grip bars at each side firmly.
c) Push down the rear window towards the
backhoe side by sliding (FORWARD in this
position) slowly until it is closed.
d) Secure the rear window in closed position
using upper locks of which locking pins are engaged into holes on the rails.
3.20 REAR WINDOW WIPER
The wiper mounted on the rear window to clean the

rear window, for use during operation in rainy or
snowy weather. The switch of the rear window wiper
is located under the motor of the rear window wiper.
Press I to switch on the rear wiper. Press O to

switch off the rear wiper. The wiper will park itself
automatically when switched off.
3.21 OIL LEVEL CHECK ACCESS COVER (OLCAC)
Oil Level Check Access Cover (OLCAC) is located on the left hand side Engine cover for
the ease of daily servicing without removing the cover panel. A rotating knob is mounted on
top of the cover (OLCAC) for removing.
3.21.1 OPENING OIL LEVEL CHECK ACCESS COVER (OLCAC)
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1. Park the machine on firm and
level ground with the bucket on the
ground and apply the parking brake.
KNOB
2. Stop the engine.
3. Hold and rotate the knob until Oil

Level Check Access Cover (OLCAC)
is released from the
panel.
4. Take the cover (OLCAC) out by
pulling it towards yourself. Now, you
have direct access to engine and
transmission oil level dipsticks.
3.21.2 CLOSING OIL LEVEL

CHECK ACCESS COVER (OLCAC)
Check the position of the hitch pin

before refitting. The hitch pin should
Transmission oil be positioned to allow fitting.
level dipstick Otherwise, it may not be locked
Engine oil level dipstick properly.
1. Re-fit the tongue at the bottom of the cover on

the panel first and then the clips on top.
2. Hold and counter-rotate the knob until the cover
(OLCAC) is locked on the panel securely.
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THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK
4. OPERATION
4.1 GENERAL
BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE AND OPERATING THE BACKHOE

LOADER, REVIEW AND COMPLY WITH ALL SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
SET FORTH IN THE SAFETY CHAPTER OF THIS MANUAL. KNOW HOW TO
74
STOP THE BACKHOE LOADER BEFORE STARTING IT. ALSO, BE SURE TO FASTEN
AND PROPERLY ADJUST THE SEAT BELT.
4.2 BEFORE STARTING
The inspections listed here are related to the machine serviceability as well as personal
safety. Inspection and repair of faults must be required from the servicemen only. You should
perform the inspections given hereafter before every start when you come back to the
machine that was staying parked for some time. It is recommended to repeat inspections
when working for longer periods of time intermittently.
ATTACHMENTS THAT ARE LIFTED ARE

DANGEROUS WHILE PASSING OR
WORKING UNDER.
ATTACHMENTS MAY CRUSH YOU OR LINKAGES
MAY CATCH YOU.
FAILURE TO HEED COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS
INJURY OR DEATH.
CLEANING INSPECTION
a) Any absent, damaged or unreadable safety decal must be renewed. All decals for safety
must be kept clean.
b) Glass equipment including the windows, lights and mirrors ought to be clean for more
visibility.
c) Be certain that the steps and grip bars of the Operators Cabin are clean and dry.
d) Links, rotating joints, hydraulic cylinders and radiators must be free of soil or deposit
particularly.
DAMAGE INSPECTION
a) The panels and the covers as well as the windows should be checked for damage.
The knobs of the panels and covers should not to be loosen.
b) Check the tightness of fuel cap. Make sure the cap is not damaged.
c) Fluid (oil, fuel and coolant) leaks inspection should be performed under the machine.
75
d) Be sure that all the pins are fitted to their correct positions securely.
e) The condition of the buckets must be good enough and there should not be excessive
play through their linkages.
f ) Check for damaged or absent parts in general.
TYRE INSPECTION
Control that the tires inflation pressures are correct.
The tires should be inspected for slices on rubber and insertion of pointed objects. Any
damaged tire should not be fit on the machine.
EXPLOSIVE SEPERATION OF A TYRE OR RIM PARTS AS WELL AS A

SUDDEN RUPTURE OF A TIRE CAN CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
THE MACHINE MUST NEVER BE OPERATED IF THE TIRES ARE DAMAGED,
IMPROPERLY INFLATED AND IF THERE IS EXCESSIVE OR UNEVEN WEAR.
4.3 GETTING IN AND OUT OF THE CAB
Steps and grip bars must only be used when getting in or out of the Operators Cabin.
YOU MUST FACE THE MACHINE WHILE GETTING IN OR OUT OF THE CAB.
BE CERTAIN THAT THE STEPS, GRIP BARS AND YOUR SHOES ARE CLEAN
AND DRY.
NEVER hold on the control levers and the steering wheel of the machine for getting on the
Operators Cab. Always use the grip bars.
Jumping down the machine is very dangerous. Be sure that the engine is stopped and the
machine is parked properly prior to getting in or getting out of the cab.
4.4 BEFORE THE ENGINE STARTING
A) APPLY THE PARKING BRAKE

You or the operator should have locked the parking brake before leaving the machine. If it
has not been applied already, apply it immediately.
NEVER ALLOW ANYONE TO STAY NEAR THE MACHINE OR IN THE DANGER

ZONE. STANDING. IT IS DANGEROUS AND THERE IS A RISK THAT THE
ATTACHMENTS MAY CRUSH YOU OR LINKAGES MAY CATCH YOU. FAILURE
TO HEED COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
B) THE ATTACHMENTS ON GROUND
76
Loader and backhoe attachments should be placed on earth, or the backhoe should
be blocked in its position for transport. Attachments will lower down by weight when control
levers are operated. Operate the control levers carefully in order to control the speed of
lowering.
C) PERFORM PRE-START CHECK

Perform pre-start check prior to starting the Engine in order to improve your
machines durability as well as your safety.
i) NEVER forget to check the machine externally in general.
ii) Be sure that your hands and shoes are free of dirt and water.
iii) Inside of Operators Cabin particularly, steering wheel, pedals and control levers
must be free of any contaminant including soil and rubble.
ALL CONTROLS OF THE MACHINE MUST BE FREE OF OIL, GREASE,

DIESEL FUEL, DIRT, ICE, WATER OR MOISTURE. YOUR HANDS AND FEET
CAN SLIDE OVER THEM AND CAUSE YOU TO LOSE THE CONTROL OF
MACHINE. FAILURE TO HEED COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
THE SLACKING OR SUSPENDING OBJECTS MAY DROP AND HIT YOU OR MOVE ON
THE PLATFORM OF THE OPERATORS CABIN. FALLING ARTICLES MAY CAUSE THE
LOSS OF YOUR CONTROL AS WELL AS THE BLOCKAGE OF THE CONTROLS OF THE
MACHINE. IN THIS CASE THE CONTROL OF MACHINE MAY BE LOST.
iv) Either get rid of or fasten slack objects in the Operators Cabin, like purses, bags,
containers, hand tools etc.
v) ROPS structure of the Cabin should checked for loss, wear and tear. Ask your
HDROMEK Authorized Service to repair possible damages. Inspect the fastener screws of
the cab to determine whether they are exist and tighten or not.
vi) All the lights, horn, gauges, switches, windscreen washer and wipers must be
controlled that they are functioning properly.
vii) Look for deterioration on the seat belt as well as its connections.
D) THE POSITION OF THE SEAT

The operators seat should be positioned to allow you to operate all controls easily.
Total course of the brake pedal could be used while your back leans against the backrest of
the operators seat.
E) ADJUST THE MIRRORS

The mirrors on the Operators Cabin should be adjusted for an ideal rear vision after
positioning the operators seat properly.
4.5 STARTING THE ENGINE
ALWAYS FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT BEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE.
A) The section ofBEFORE THE ENGINE STARTING must be read and followed
accordingly.
77
B) Select neutral (N) position on the drive control lever. The engine will not start unless the
lever is in neutral position.
C) Pull the throttle lever to minimum (idle) position.
D) Start the engine.
THE ETHER FLUID MUST NOT BE USED FOR STARTING AID FOR THE
PERKINS ENGINE.
Starter switch key should be turned to the pre-heat' position II and

kept at this position for max. 20 seconds to warm the Engine intake
manifold if the ambient temperature is 0C (32F) or lower.
i) The throttle pedal must be push down

slightly.
ii) Turn the starter switch to the START
position III and keep it at that position till
starting the engine.
If the engine fails to start

after 20 seconds, NEVER
hold the key at the START
position III, as this could damage the
starting system severely. Try to re-start the
Engine after waiting for 2 minutes.
iii) Starter Key must be released immediately after starting the Engine starts. The Starter
switch goes back to I(ON) position itself.
iv) Pull your foot off the throttle pedal for lowering Engine RPM.
NEVER OPERATE THE COLD ENGINE AT FULL THROTTLE. RUN THE

ENGINE AT IDLE R.P.M UNTIL IT REACHES NORMAL OPERATING
TEMPERATURE.
E) The status of all warning lights must be controlled upon starting the Engine. No warning
light should be lit up by then. The Engine RPM should not be increased until the Engine oil
pressure low light has turned off. Pay attention to the status of audible alarm that should stay
silent normally.
F) Machine must be warmed up to increase the temperature of hydraulic oil.
Operate the attachment by moving the control levers of backhoe attachment several times to
increase the temperature of hydraulic oil.
IF ONE OR MORE OF THE WARNING LIGHTS LIGHTS (EXCEPT FOR THE
PARKING BRAKE WARNING LIGHT) TURN ON WHILE THE ENGINE IS
RUNNING, STOP THE ENGINE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER TAKING
ESSENTIAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.
The machine should be utilized in normal jobs as soon as starting to

operate because there is no need for gradual running in.
Maximum Load may be applied to a new Engine as soon as it is put
into service if the coolant temperature is above 60C (140F). NEVER
leave the Engine at idle for a long time without load. Running the Engine at 10001200
rpm for about
5 10 minutes will allow the Engine to warm up. This period may be 5 minutes longer
in winter.
78
4.6 DRIVING THE MACHINE
TIPS FOR DRIVING THE MACHINE

ALWAYS start moving the machine with the first gear. The engine and transmission
MUST NOT be overloaded without any obligation by selecting a higher gear when climbing
on a slope.
A COMBINATION OF HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE WITH OVERLOADING
MAY CAUSE OVERHEATING OF TORQUE CONVERTER FLUID. OPERATING
IN A HIGHER GEAR WILL OVERHEAT THE TORQUE CONVERTER FLUID
EITHER. CONSULT AUTHORIZED HIDROMEK SERVICE IN THAT CASE.
The machine must ALWAYS be kept under control while driving.
Be on the outlook for obstacles as well as dangers.
NEVER select neutral position on the drive control lever when driving down the hill
because total control of the machine is not possible in this case. If you do this the
transmission may be damaged possibly.
The brake pedal must not be used as a footrest.
Apply brakes by pressing the brake pedal to to avoid speeding excessively while
driving down a hill.
First gear must be selected before entering deep muddy places while keeping the
front wheels on a straight line.
After the Engine is warmed up, drive away as explained below:
A) CONTROL YOUR SEAT

Be certain that you are sitting properly.
B) FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT

Buckle up properly for your own Safety.
C) SELECT 2WD or 4WD

NEVER select four wheel drive while driving on normal roads or strong terrain because
considerable tire wear and fuel consumption will result from this unnecessarily.
D) SELECT PROPER STEERING MODE

DO NOT forget that the steering mode may not shift to selected mode before the rear
wheels align the straight forward position.
USE THROTTLE PEDAL ONLY TO ADJUST THE ENGINE RPM ON THE MOVE.
NEVER USE THROTTLE LEVER TO FIX THE ENGINE RPM WHILE DRIVING.
NEVER FORGET TO SELECT 2 WHEEL STEERING WHEN DRIVING ON

PUBLIC ROADS. ( HMK 102 S TYPE ONLY )
E) SELECT A GEAR
Select the appropriate gear.
79
NEVER DOWNSHIFT FROM HIGHEST (4TH) GEAR TO THE LOWEST (1 ST)
GEAR AT ONCE WHILE THE MACHINE IS ON THE MOVE.
THEN, THE MACHINE WILL SLOW DOWN SUDDENLY RESULTING IN
MATERIAL DAMAGE, SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
Let the engine RPM lower to idle prior to shifting gears during downshifting.
F) SELECT THE DRIVE DIRECTION AND DRIVE AWAY
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH CAN BE CAUSED BY MOVING DRIVE LEVER

FORWARD OR BACKWARD ON THE RUN. THE DRIVING DIRECTION WILL
BE CHANGED SUDDENLY ALTHOUGH NO ONE IS WARNED OF THIS
DANGER. OPERATE THE DRIVE LEVER ACCORDING TO THE MANUFACTURERS
INSTRUCTIONS ON CORRECT USE.
i) Make sure that positions for travel are taken by the attachments.
ii) Press on the brake pedal.
iii) Release the parking brake lever to disengage.
iv) Lift the drive control lever and shift to your direction of driving.
When changing the driving direction, stop the machine and allow the engine speed to
idle.
v) When you are sure that it is safe to drive away, lift your foot from the brake pedal
and press the throttle pedal. The machine will start driving gently.
vi) Steering and brakes must be observed with extreme care whilst driving the
machine slowly. The machine MUST NOT be driven if steering and brakes are
not functioning properly. If you are in doubt, consider them out of order.
IMMEDIATELY STOP THE MACHINE IN CASE OF ENGINE OR STEERING

FAILURE. THE MACHINE MUST NOT BE OPERATED UNLESS THE FAULT
HAS BEEN REPAIRED.
4.7 BASIC PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATION IN COLD AND HOT CLIMATE
4.7.1 IN COLD WEATHER

In cold weather conditions, below given precautions must be taken occasionally. Quick starts
can be achieved by this way and damages to your machine can be avoided as well.
1) Fill in engine lubricating oil at correct viscosity. Higher viscosity index should be
preferred. Viscosity index indicates the oil viscosity increase or decrease by cold and hot
weather conditions respectively.
80
2) Use the correct viscosity hydraulic oil with high viscosity index in the hydraulic system.
3) A low temperature diesel fuel should be used if supplied. Such fuels has lower pour and
waxing point than normal diesel fuel. ( Pour point of the standard diesel fuel is around -7C )
Moreover, strainers will not be clogged by the paraffin due to lower waxing point.
4) Make sure that the battery is fully charged.
5) Proper coolant mixture of 50 % antifreeze and 50 % water must be filled in the cooling
system. This will prevent cooling system either from freezing or from corrosion. Corrosion is
chemical destruction of the material.
6) Refuel the fuel tank after a working shift. This reduces the possibility of water formation to
be derived from the air by condensation in the fuel tank.
7) When the machine will not be operated for longer periods it must be preserved. The
machine must be kept in a shelter or covered by water-proof canvas.
8) In extremely cold weather ( below 0C ), additional heater eg. fuel heater, oil heater or
coolant heater may be needed for ease of starting.
9) Prior to starting the engine, wipe out the snow around the air intake and on the hood for
preventing the entry of snow into the air filter.
4.7.2 IN HOT WEATHER

Below given precautions must be taken to avoid the damages during operation in hot
weather:
1) Fill in engine lubricating oil at correct viscosity.
2) Use the correct viscosity hydraulic oil with high viscosity index in the hydraulic system.
This prevents self-lowering of the attachments due to lack of oil viscosity because of
overheating.
3) Fill in proper coolant mixture. ( Antifreeze and water ) This will prevent cooling system
either from corrosion or from scale formation.
4) Perform regular inspections on the cooling system. Be certain that the coolant level is
correct and no visible leaks exit. Frequent toping the cooling system up facilitates scale
formation in the system which will result in bad heat transfer and overheating.
5) Clean radiator fins of engine, transmission and hydraulic system periodically and keep
them free of contaminants. Keep the machine clean.
6) Inspect the condition and tension of fan belt periodically.

4.8 PREPARATIONS FOR TRAVEL
If the machine is required to move on the public roads or highways to another place, follow
the below given procedure:
1) Put the backhoe into the position as shown in the picture.
81
2) Engage the Backhoe Lock to prevent
the up and down as well as left and right
movements of the boom.
3) Engage Backhoe Safety Lock Lever.
4) Retract the stabilizers fully and fit

securing pins.
5) Roll back the loader shovel fully as

shown in picture and raise it about 30 cm (
12 ) from the ground.
6) Depress the brake pedal and check

whether rear brake lamps light up or not.
Rear brake lamps must light up when the
brakes are applied according to valid
traffic laws, and this is important for the
safety of both your machine and other
vehicles coming behind.
7) If driving on the highways is required

at dark, check both headlights and tail
lights to see whether they are functioning
properly or not. Do not drive the machine
with the headlights and tail lights failed for
the safety of your machine as well as
other vehicles.
8) Check left and right turn direction indicator lamps. Do not drive the machine with the
direction lamps failed.
9) Take all other safety precautions imposed by the traffic and local laws.
10) Put the machine into 2 wheel drive.
11) Select 2 wheel steering mode.(HMK 102S models)
12) Switch the Hydraulic Speed Control ( HSC ) on. This provides you with more Engine
power available on the road.
NEVER FORGET TO ENGAGE BACKHOE SAFETY LOCK LEVER AFTER

ENGAGING BACKHOE LOCK IN THE TRAVEL POSITION. FAILURE TO HEED
MAY RESULT IN EQUIPMENT DAMAGE AS WELL AS PERSONAL INJURY OR
DEATH.
4.9 STOPPING and PARKING THE MACHINE
82
The machine must be stopped at firm and level ground. Always extend the stabilizers.
Parking the machine with the backhoe extended is recommended if there is enough space.
Float the loader bucket and backhoe attachment down to the ground. Positioning the
machine as shown in the picture is recommended.
1) STOP THE MACHINE

Remove your foot form the throttle pedal and push on the brake pedal to stop the machine
gently. When the machine is stopped keep pushing on the brake pedal until apply the parking
brake.
2) APPLY THE PARKING BRAKE
Apply the parking brake lever upward. Then, parking brake warning light will light up.
Remove your foot from brake pedal.
Parking brake warning lamp will go out when the parking brake lever is
fully pushed down.
3) SELECT NEUTRAL POSITION

Put the drive control lever in neutral position and check whether it is blocked in this position
or not .
4) EXTEND THE STABILIZERS
Extend the stabilizers on the ground.
5) LOWER THE LOADING ARM & BACKHOE TO THE GROUND
NEVER ALLOW ANYONE TO STAY ON THE MACHINE OR IN THE DANGER

ZONE PRIOR TO BRINGING THE ATTACHMENTS DOWN TO EARTH.
FAILURE TO HEED COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
6) STOP THE ENGINE

Running turbocharged engines at idle for 3 - 5 minutes prior to stop is recommended. This
will allow the turbocharger and engine to cool as well as stabilization of turbocharger rpm.
THROTTLE PRIOR TO SHUT DOWN. THIS MAY CAUSE DAMAGE ON THE

TURBOCHARGER UNIT.
7) TURN OFF ALL THE SWITCHES

Check whether all switches are in OFF position or not before leaving the machine. Turn on
hazard warning or parking lights whenever needed. Remove and take the starter key with
you.
LEAVE THE MACHINE SECURELY
Hold the grip bars and use the steps while you are getting off the machine. Shut and lock
doors including all windows prior to leaving the machine. Be sure to have the fuel tank cap
locked.
4.10 EMERGENCY STOPPING

When the Engine stops suddenly while driving, the machine can still be controlled because
both brakes and the steering system will remain operational for a certain period of time.
83
If a sudden stop of the diesel engine, a defect in the hydraulic pump or loss of hydraulic oil
leads to the failure of the functions, only the following EMERGENCY functions are available:
Braking: The braking system of HDROMEK Backhoe Loaders is equipped with a hydraulic
accumulator and a charge pressure switch for the warning light on the dashboard to provide
more safety during emergency stopping.
Steering: Thanks to the design of the steering control unit the steering system remains
operational by exerting more force on the steering wheel in the case that 2 wheel steering
mode is selected on 4 wheel steering machines (S type only).
DO NOT TURN THE STARTER SWITCH TO OFF POSITION SHOULD THE

ENGINE STOP SUDDENLY WHILE DRIVING.
WHILE DRIVING SHOULD THE ENGINE STOP

SUDDENLY OBLIGING THE OPERATOR TO AN
EMERGENCY STOP THE OPERATOR SHOULD
BE PATIENT AND SHOULD LOOK AT THE
BRAKE ACCUMULATOR CHARGE WARNING
LIGHT FIRST. IF THE BRAKE ACCUMULATOR
CHARGE WARNING LIGHT IS OFF WHEN THE
STARTER SWITCH IS AT ON POSITION THE
BRAKES CAN BE USED TO STOP THE
MACHINE UNTIL THIS LIGHT COMES ON.
Should the Engine stop suddenly while driving:

1) Be cool-headed.
2) Look at the brake charge warning light on the dashboard to see whether there is still
braking pressure or not.
3) Observe the place where is for stopping the machine as soon as possible safely.
4) Apply on the brakes and direct the machine towards the place you selected by exerting
force on the steering wheel.
Parking Brake can be applied in the case of that the brake pressure
warning light comes on. Thus, the parking brake pads should be
checked for damage thereafter and replace.
5) Perform the rest of machine stopping and parking procedures as soon as the machine is
stopped.
NEVER LEAVE THE OPERATORS SEAT BEFORE, THE MACHINE TO STOP

AT ALL.
4.11 ENGAGING ATTACHMENT SAFETY

LOCKS
84
Front and rear articulating attachments must be locked to prevent unexpected movements
during maintenance or repair work.
BEFORE WORKING AROUND THE OUTSIDE OF THE BACKHOE LOADER
WITH THE LOADER ARM RAISED, ALWAYS ENGAGE THE LIFT CYLINDER
LOCK. SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH COULD RESULT FROM
NEGLECTING TO LOCK THE LOADER ARM IN THE RAISED POSITION AS
THE LOADER ARM MAY DROP SUDDENLY.
Many service procedures require that the loader arm be lifted up to allow easy access to the
components of backhoe loader. For the safety of operators and mechanics, a safety lock is
used for the loader arm. It is used as a cylinder blocker to prevent the raised loader arm from
lowering unexpectedly.
BE SURE to engage the safety lock whenever the loader arm is lifted for servicing.
The lift cylinder safety lock is a safety device that must be kept in proper operating condition
at ALL TIMES.
The following procedures outline the correct method to engage and disengage the safety
lock.
4.11.1 ENGAG ING CYLINDER LOCK STRUT
1. Lower the loader arm down to the

ground.
2. Apply the parking brake
3. Turn the starter switch to 0 (OFF)

position to stop the engine. Remove the
Key and take it with you.
4.11.1 ENGAG ING CYLINDER LOCK

STRUT (continued)
4. Unscrew the anchor bolt (A). Remove the

safety lock (B) from its seat.
85
5. Return to the cab and restart the engine.
6. Lift up the loader Arm.

7. Ask someone to place the safety lock between
the loader arm and the top end of the lift cylinder.
8. Screw anchor bolt (A) on the safety lock by

turning it clockwise.
9. Gently lower the loader arm until safety lock is

blocked between the loader arm and the top end of
the lift cylinder. Check to make sure that the lock is
secure against the cylinder top end.
10. Then, stop the engine and leave the cab.
BEFORE DEALING WITH THE SAFETY LOCK, MAKE SURE THAT THE AREA
UNDER THE LOADING ARM AND THE ATTACHMENT IS CLEAR OF ALL
PERSONNEL AND ANY OBJECT THAT MIGHT BE CRUSHED, IN CASE THE
LOADING ARM FALLS DOWN.
4.11.2 DISENGAG ING SAFETY LOCK

To remove the safety lock proceed as reverse of engaging safety lock and make sure that
the machine is in parking position and the engine is still running.
NEVER LEAVE THE CAB TO DISENGAGE THE SAFETY LOCK WHILE THE
ENGINE IS RUNNING.
4.11.3 ENGAGING BACKHOE LOCK
The backhoe attachment can be locked on

both sides of the machine using the
backhoe lock.
86
The lock is adjusted at the factory. Do not try to readjust it.
If needed, please ask the Authorized Service Dealer for help.
ALWAYS LOCK THE ATTACHMENT

BEFORE STARTING TO TRAVEL ON THE ROAD.
SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY COULD RESULT
FROM NEGLECTING TO LOCK THE BACKHOE
ATTACHMENT, AS IT MAY DROP OR SLEW
SUDDENLY.
Park the machine on a level ground and extend the

stabilizers before locking the backhoe attachment.
1. Fold the backhoe attachment and slide the backhoe to

the right or left hand side,
2. Slew the backhoe to the locking position and fully raise

the boom as seen
3.The skilled operators sensibility is the most

important factor for locking operation.
Pull back the lock lever which is located on the left hand
side of the backhoe control levers console, Make sure that the lock pin and its hole are
aligned. If not, align them by gently moving the attachment by touching to the backhoe
levers.
4.11.3 ENGAGING BACKHOE LOCK

(continued)
The operator can observe the locking

mechanism while sitting in backhoe operating
position.
Since the locking mechanism is engaged by
pulling a pull-push cable, the operator must
be very careful working with the lock lever.
Applying too much force may damage the
pulling rope.
87
BE CAREFUL AND WARN OTHER PEOPLE BEFORE ENGAGING THE
BACKHOE ATTACHMENT LOCK.
SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY COULD RESULT IF ANYONE IS IN THE
DANGEROUS AREA.
THE BACKHOE BOOM FALLING LOCK IN ENGAGED POSITION
MAKE SURE TO FOLLOW THE PROCEDURES FOR BOTH, ENGAGING AND

DISENGAGING THE BACKHOE LOCK IN THE ORDER LISTED. FAILURE TO
HEED THESE PROCEDURES MAY CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY AND
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE.
ENGAGING STABILISER
SHOE LOCK
Engage the stabilizer shoe lock

pin, after locking the backhoe
attachment.
The locking pin is stored in the

free store hole on the shoe pads.
88
Disengage the lock pin from its free store hole by removing the safety clips first.
Retract the supports fully in.
Secure the Shoe Pads to the supports and install the clips.
Always use the safety clips when locking the pins.
STABILIZER SHOE FREE POSITION
STABILIZER SHOE LOCKED POSITION STABILIZER SHOE PIN & CLIPS
WARNING
BEFORE TRAVELLING ON ROAD, ALWAYS ENGAGE THE BACKHOE ATTACHMENT
LOCK. SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY COULD RESULT FROM NEGLECTING TO LOCK
THE BACKHOE ATTACHMENT AS IT MAY DROP OR SLEW SUDDENLY.
89
ROAD POSITION
4.11.4 DISENGAGING BACKHOE LOCK
Before disengaging the backhoe lock make sure that the machine is parked in a safe area
and the engine is running.
BEFORE DISENGAGING THE BACKHOE LOCK MAKE SURE THAT THERE IS

ENOUGH FREE SPACE TO UNFOLD THE ATTACHMENT AND ALWAYS
EXERCISE EXTREME CAUTION NOT TO HIT ANY OBJECT WHILE
90
UNFOLDING THE BACKHOE ATTACHMENT. DO NOT ALLOW ANYONE TO ENTER OR
STAY WITHIN THE DANGEROUS AREA WHILE DISENGAGING THE BACKHOE LOCK.
FAILURE TO HEED MAY RESULT IN SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH AS THE
BACKHOE ATTACHMENT MAY DROP OR SLEW SUDDENLY.
ALWAYS BE CAREFUL WHEN CONTROLLING THE LEVERS. OPERATE THE MACHINE

SMOOTHLY.
Disengaging the backhoe attachment lock procedure is the reverse of the ENGAGING
procedure.
4.12 LOADER CONTROL LEVERS and FUNCTIONS
The following instructions are aimed at providing the operator with the basic function of each
hydraulic control. The use of these instructions and practice with a machine, will allow a
given operator to become more efficient in the operation of this equipment.
4.12.1 LOADER SAFETY LOCK LEVER
91
The function of Loader Safety Lock Lever is to lock out the lifting and lowering functions of
the Loader Arm by blocking the movement of Loader Control Lever for above functions. The
Loader Safety Lock Lever has 2 operating positions:
a) LOCKED: When the Loader Safety Lock Lever is pulled towards the Operator and then
rotated forward lifting and lowering functions
of the Loader Arm are blocked.
b) UNLOCKED: When the Loader Safety
Lock Lever is pulled towards the Operator and
then rotated backward lifting and lowering
functions of the Loader Arm are allowed to
resume operation.
ALWAYS PLACE THE LOADER SAFETY

LOCKED
LOCK LEVER IN LOCKED POSITION BEFORE

LEAVING THE OPERATORS CABIN.
NEVER LEAVE THE MACHINE UNATTENDED
UNLOCKED WITH THE ENGINE RUNNING OR THE SAFETY
LOCK LEVER IN UNLOCKED POSITION.
4.12.2 LOADER CONTROL LEVER

Loader control lever has 4 positions in
forward and backward directions.
T HOLD
Spring loaded lever returns to T position
when released.
1 LOADER ARM UP
Loader lifts UP when lever pulled
backwards. If pulled backwards slightly,
loader lifts up slowly and rapidly when pulled
backwards fully.
2 LOADER ARM DOWN
Loader lowers DOWN when lever is pushed forward. If pushed forward slightly, loader goes
down slowly and rapidly when pushed forward more.
3 FLOATING
Lever is locked by means of a spring
when fully pushed forward and remains
there.
92
Loader is not under the effect of the pressurized hydraulic oil and lowers down by its own
weight. This position is suitable for leveling and spreading material while driving backwards.
WHEN FLOAT POSITION IS SELECTED WHILE LOADING ARM IS LIFTED UP

THE SHOVEL WILL FALL FREELY OUT OF CONTROL. ALWAYS LOWER THE
LOADER SHOVEL BEFORE SELECTING THE FLOAT POSITION.
Loader control lever has 2 positions in

right and left directions.
4 TILT BACK
Loader shovel tilts back when lever is
pulled to left side to collect the
load (shovel filling).
5 DUMP
Loader shovel dumps when lever is
pushed to right side to unload
(Unloading ).
4.12.3 KICK OUT (DUMP) SWITCH

This button switch is located on the loader
control lever. Press this switch to disconnect
the electrical connection of the transmission DUMP
when going into a heap. As the transmission SWITCH
can not take on power, the Engine power
will be transferred to the hydraulic pump
completely causing more powerful tilt back
(shovel filling) when the lever is pulled to left
side.
4.12.4 CLAMSHELL CONTROL LEVER

Clamshell open and close lever has 2
positions in forward and backward
directions.
6 CLAMSHELL OPEN
Clamshell lifts UP when the lever is
pushed forward.
7 CLAMSHELL CLOSED
93
Clamshell lowers DOWN when the lever is pulled backward.
Lever returns to HOLD position when lever is released.
4.13 BACKHOE CONTROL LEVERS and FUNCTIONS
4.13.1 BACKHOE SAFETY LOCK LEVER

Backhoe Safety Lock Lever is provided in order to
enhance safety by blocking the movements of
Backhoe Control Levers on the Backhoe control
console.
a) Released Position
The Backhoe Safety Lock Lever should be moved to
left hand side (inclined leftwards position) in order to
allow the movements of Backhoe Control Levers.
See Figure .
b) Engaged Position
The Backhoe Safety Lock Lever should be
moved to right hand side (vertical position) in
order to block the movements of Backhoe Control
Levers before leaving the Operators Cabin while
operating with the Backhoe. With the Backhoe
Safety Lock Lever in the ENGAGED(VERTICAL
POSITION) no operation of backhoe attachment
is possible. See Figure .
NEVER FORGET TO ENGAGE BACKHOE SAFETY LOCK LEVER BEFORE

LEAVING THE OPERATORS CABIN. FAILURE TO HEED MAY RESULT IN
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE AS WELL AS PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
4.13.2 LEFT HAND SIDE CONTROL LEVER & FUNCTIONS (ISO+)
94
1: DIPPER OUT 2: DIPPER IN T: HOLD
3: BUCKET DUMP 4: BUCKET FILL T: HOLD
4.13.4 RIGHT HAND SIDE CONTROL LEVER & FUNCTIONS (ISO+)
5: BOOM UP 6: BOOM DOWN T: HOLD
95
7: SLEW LEFT 8: SLEW RIGHT T: HOLD
4.13.6 STABILIZER CONTROL LEVERS & FUNCTIONS
9 STABILIZERS RETRACT
10 STABILIZERS EXTEND
Stabilizers are provided for stability when operating the Backhoe.

Stabilizers should be extended to block and level the machine
before starting to operate the Backhoe.
Each stabilizer may be operated independently

to level the machine on slopes or inclinations.
4.13.7 CONTROLLING CLAMP CYLINDERS
1) RELEASE
Press on the upper part of the Hydraulic
Clamping Switch. A red light bar will
illuminate indicating that that the switch is
ON after the rocker switch is pressed on.
In this position, Clamp Cylinders are
released by the oil flown back to hydraulic
tank.
96
2) TIGHTEN
Press on the lower part of the Hydraulic Clamping Switch. The red light bar will go off. While
the switch is in this position activate a function of Backhoe. For example roll the bucket in
until it stops rolling in. Then, continue moving the lever for rolling the bucket in to deliver
pressurized oil to Clamp Cylinders in order to block the kingpost on the side shift frame.
In normal operation,
Hydraulic Clamping
Switch must not be
used except for Side shifting the
Backhoe.
4.14 SIDESHIFTING THE BACKHOE
97
Cleanliness of Side shift frames meaning that they are free of dirt is
compulsory prior to side shifting the backhoe.
1) Park the machine on hard, dry and level ground first. Stabilize and level the machine by
using the stabilizers.
2) Put the bucket on earth just beneath the machine after rotating and lowering the boom.
3) Release the clamps by pressing on the Hydraulic Clamping Switch.

(SeeCONTROLLING CLAMP CYLINDERS beside.)
4) Lower and raise the boom a few times slightly for loosening the kingpost on the side shift
carriage .
5) Re-position the Backhoe: Take the backhoe the position given in above figure after lifting
and rotating to a rear corner of the machine. Rotate to left if you will side shift to right. Rotate
to right if you will side shift to left.
6) Put the bucket on earth while positioning the dipper exactly perpendicular to the boom.
7) Side shifting: Move the bucket lever to bucket out position. The kingpost will be pushed
along the side shift carriage when the bucket moves out. Move the boom up and down a little
should the kingpost is blocked on the half of its course.
8) Tighten the Clamps.

After the kingpost had taken the position you desire, move the bucket or dipper lever fully to
tighten the clamps and press on Hydraulic Clamping Switch while keeping the lever at full
stroke.
4.15 TELESCOPIC DIPPER (Optional)
This is an optional attachment to be fitted

instead of standard dipper. The telescopic
dipper provides you extra reach of 1.1 m in
excavation.
TELESCOPIC DIPPER MUST BE
BROUGHT TO COMPLETELY
RETRACTED POSITION AND
BLOCKED WHEN NOT IN USE
OR ANY OTHER ATTACHMENT EXCEPT
FOR BUCKET IS FITTED.
98
BEFORE IT CAN BE USED, THE TELESCOPIC DIPPER MUST BE UNLOCKED.
FOLLOW BELOW GIVEN PRECAUTIONS WHILE OPERATING WITH

COMPLETELY EXTENDED DIPPER. FAILURE TO HEED MAY RESULT IN
UNSTABILITY OR DAMAGE.
1) BE CERTAIN THAT THE BACKHOE LIFTING CAPACITY AT MAXIMUM EXTENSION IS

NOT SURPASSED.
2) CARE MUST BE TAKEN NOT TO CAUSE ANY DAMAGE TO SLEWING CYLINDERS
AND THEIR LINKAGES, ESPECIALLY.
3) EXERT EXTREME CARE WHEN SIDESHIFTING OR ROTATING THE BACKHOE WITH
THE TELESCOPIC DIPPER FULLY EXTENDED. OTHERWISE, THE MACHINE MAY
BECOME UNSTABLE AND ROLL OVER.
4) NEVER TRY TO EXTEND OR RETRACT
THE DIPPER DURING EXCAVATION.
4.15.1 EXTENDING TELESCOPIC

DIPPER
To extend the telescopic dipper, first unlock it.
1) Put the bucket on earth.
2) Take out the hair pin clip of the lock pin.
3) Pull the lock pin up and align it with hole
4) Fit the hair pin clip into other locking hole
by pushing in . See Figures beow.
5) Lift the bucket above the ground.
6) Extend the dipper by pressing upper end
( 1 ) of the pedal near Backhoe Control Console
to the desired length.
4.15.2 RETRACTING TELESCOPIC

DIPPER
1) Take out the hair pin clip and drive the lock
pin down until it stops going. See Figure.
2) Retract the dipper by pressing the lower
end (2) of the pedal.
4.16 TELESCOPIC DIPPER (Optional) SAFETY LOCK
To use the safety locking pin, follow the below given procedure.
UNLOCKED FOR WORKING:
1) Put the bucket on the ground.

2) Align the safety pin and hole ( A ),
then slide the pin in.
3) Use the safety clips to secure the pin.
LOCKED FOR THE TELESCOPIC SAFETY:
Reverse the procedures above. Slide in the

safety pin in the ( B ) hole.
99
A
B
UNLOCKED WORKING POSITION
USE SPRING PIN FOR SAFETY

PIN SAFE
4.17 FOUR WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM (HMK 102S MODEL)
There are 3 positions of Four Wheel Steering Selector

Switch. Indicator lamps on the Front Instrument Panel
display you which steering mode is selected.
Consider the steering

mode displayed by the
indicator light correct at all
if you are not sure on the
steering mode that you are
driving in.
100
NEVER CHANGE STEERING MODE WHILE DRIVING. THE MACHINE MUST
BE STATIONARY TO CHANGE THE STEERING MODE. NEVER CHANGE
FROM 4WS TO CRAB STEER OR VICE VERSA AT ONCE. TO CHANGE
FROM 4WS TO CRAB STEER FIRST ENGAGE IN 2WS THEN A FEW
SECONDS LATER ENGAGE IN CRAB STEER OR VICE VERSA.
1) FOUR WHEEL STEERING MODE

In this mode, steering directions of front wheels
and rear wheels are opposite of each other. This
mode of steering allows the machine to turn in the
tightest circle available. Four Wheel Steering (4
WS) Mode Indicator Light comes on when the
selector switch is turned to this mode on the Front
Warning Light Cluster.
2) TWO WHEEL STEERING MODE

Only the front wheels are under the control of the
steering wheel in this mode. This mode must be
selected while traveling on highways. Two Wheel
Steering (2 WS) Mode Indicator Light comes on
when the selector switch is turned to this mode
on the Front Warning Light Cluster.
3) CRAB STEERING MODE

Steering directions of both front and rear
wheels are same in this mode. This mode of
steering enhances maneuvering in tight places.
Crab Steering Mode Indicator Light comes on
when the selector switch is turned to this mode
on the Front Warning Light Cluster.
4.17.1 REALIGNMENT OF FOUR WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM (HMK 102S

MODEL)
RE-ALIGN FOUR WHEEL STEERING

AT LEAST ONCE A DAY TO KEEP
THE EFFECT OF STEERING AT
OPTIMUM LEVEL.
Steering must be re-aligned :

At the beginning of each working day.
At least once a day.
If the steering wheel is hard to turn.
If you drive on highway for longer distances at 2 wheel steering mode.
If there is a problem in switching between the steering modes.
101
Follow the procedure below for re-aligning the Four Wheel Steering System:
1) Select Two Wheel Steering Mode.

Switches on the axles do not allow the steering
mode to change before the wheels are straight
forward or pass through the straight forward
position. Consequently, the indicator light of the
steering mode will not come on for a short period
of time.
2) Turn the Steering Wheel.

Two Wheel Steering Mode will be selected by the
machine after the rear wheels are straightened up
and the steering function of the Rear Axle is
blocked. Indicator lamp on the Front Instrument
Panel will illuminate when machine is engaged to Two Wheel Steering Mode.
3) Re-select Four Wheel Steering

Mode.
Front and rear wheels are now re-
aligned. Check the re-alignment by
driving straight forward for a certain
distance carefully.
4.18 BRAKING
The operator must know that there is a sensitive brake valve connected to the brake pedal
and must be careful when braking until he becomes familiar with the braking response of the
machine while driving on public roads in traffic.
DO NOT KEEP THE BRAKE PEDAL PRESSED WHILE MACHINE IS

WORKING AS OVERHEATING WILL TAKE PLACE IN THE REAR AXLE.
YOUR ENGINE WILL BE OVERLOADED, CAUSING COOLANT
OVERHEATING AND EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION. OVERHEATING IN
THE REAR AXLE IS AN IMPORTANT FACT AS THE OVERHEATED OIL WILL LOSE ITS
PERFORMANCE CAUSING DAMAGE ON THE GEARS OF DIFFERENTIAL,
CONSEQUENTLY.
102
FAULTY BRAKES MAY KILL OR SERIOUSLY INJURE YOU AND OTHERS. EVERY TIME
CHECK THE BRAKE BEFORE MOVING THE MACHINE.
REAR AXLE OIL HAS BEEN DETERIORATED OR EXCESSIVELY CONTAMINATED IF

ABNORMAL NOISES ARE HEARD WHILE BRAKING. CHANGE THE REAR AXLE OIL
WITH THE RECOMMENDED ONE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. ( REFER TO THE TABLE OF
LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS)
4.19 THE LOADER OPERATION
The operator who must have operating skills must become familiar with the machine for safe
and efficient operation of HMK 102 series backhoe loaders.
The aim of this manual to train the operator about the machine for operating safely. Refer to
more specialized books on operation for more competence.
You have to be instructed to inherit the competence of operating an HMK backhoe loaders on
your own prior to attempting to operate it if you are beginner. You can fail in your job and
would become harmful for everything around if you do not have sufficient operating skills.
Remember that you will be driving the machine while you are working with the Loader.
Beware of people and dangers that may perhaps exist in a job site.
Pay attention to sitting properly when operating the machine. Take the Backhoe travel
position prior to working with the loader.
Use extreme caution when operating the loader on a slope and keep the bucket as low as
possible. This will ensure maximum stability by lowering the machine center of gravity and
will improve visibility.
Drive backwards while your are driving in the direction of inclination with a fully loaded
Shovel if possible. Drive forward when your direction is against the slope with overloaded
Shovel.
NEVER exceed 8 km/h (5 mph) when the Shovel is overloaded.
WARNING
103
REMOVE ANY LOOSE MATERIAL HIGHER THAN THE MACHINE FIRST IF BANKS OR
PILES ARE VERY HIGH AND LIABLE TO CAUSE CAVE IN. BE ALERT FOR
COLLAPSING MATERIAL, ESPECIALLY FOR ROCKS. IF LOOSE MATERIAL
COLLAPSES YOU MAY BE BURIED.
2
1
During hard surface operation, keep the bucket at level and put the Loader control in the float
position to permit the bucket to slide over the working surface freely. If hydraulic down
pressure is exerted on the bucket, it will wear faster than normal .The float will also prevent
the mixing of surface material with stockpile material as well. The float position will reduce
the chance of surface damage when removing snow or other materials.
On hard surface operation, while the bucket goes into the pile, begin to tilt whilst lifting the
Loader Arm simultaneously. This will allow the bucket to recover through the pile easily,
collecting more material as it penetrates. Higher force will be obtained by using the
Transmission Dump Switch for the Loader and hence the operation is facilitated.
Fill the bucket at a single pass. Buckets that are not filled up cause losses in efficiency.
Tilt the bucket backwards fully to prevent fall of material while driving with fully loaded bucket.
Begin to fill (1) the bucket from the base and lift (2) by the height of the material as shown in
below given Figure while you are loading from a heap of sliding material and then, drive
backwards (3). Enter the pile with the bucket at level while scraping the ground.
4.19.1 LOADING TRUCKS

Park the carrier vehicles at a right angle to
each other vertically from birds eye view, as
shown in the Figure. Additional machine
movements will be eliminated by this way.
Leave sufficient space so that the Shovel
can be raised to its dumping height on the
move while avoiding to drive slower.
Take the airstreams behind you in order to

stay away from the dust.
4.19.1 LOADING TRUCKS
(continued)
45
104
Lift the bucket high enough to clear the side of the vehicle. Approach as near as possible to
the side of the vehicle prior to dumping.
The bucket can be dumped at the middle of the body of vehicle if the length of the body and
the width of the bucket are equal. Frontal body must be filled initially if the body of the vehicle
is longer than two or more shovel width.
NEVER tip the loaded bucket abruptly. Tilt the bucket forward gradually until it is emptied.
Move the Control lever for shaking the bucket forward and reverse to release substances
stuck in.
4.19.2 RECOVERING THE STUCK

MACHINE
You must recover a machine stuck in a ditch, with
the aid of the bucket. Tilt the bucket forward as
shown in Figure beside after bringing the Drive
Control Lever to neutral position. After this push
the bucket down to lift the front wheels up.
Tilt the bucket back for moving the machine to the
rear slowly by the time front wheels are saved.
Select proper direction of travel and drive off after the front wheels are on reliable terrain.
4.19.3 GRADING WITH LOADER

The bottom of the bucket should be positioned
parallel to the ground for grading the surface of
site by using the heel of the shovel. The bottom
provides a smooth flat finish while moving the
material. Select float position on the Loader
Control Lever after lowering the loaded bucket
to the ground. Loader arm will allow shovel to
stay in contact with the ground by this way
while the machine is driven over rough ground backwards. See figures beside for proper
operation.
4.19.4 CHANGING LOADER ATTACHMENTS
A) Put the attachment on the ground so that it can not overturn.

B) Remove the pins of both linkage and Loader Arm.
C) Move the Loader Arm out of the attachment and drive to the new one.
D) Locate the machine to align the Loader Arm installation end with the attachments
mounting. Lock the Parking Brake and select neutral position on the Drive Control
Lever.
E) Move the Controls to line up holes of the Loader Arm with holes on the attachment. Fit
the pins and fix them with bolts and nuts.
F) Repeat the same operation on the bucket Link.
BE SURE TO SECURE THE ATTACHMENT PIVOT PINS BEFORE STARTING
TO OPERATE, TO PREVENT UNEXPECTED ATTACHMENT RELEASE
SUDDENLY. MOREOVER, APPLY DOWN PRESSURE TO THE ATTACHMENT
PRIOR TO OPERATING TO CHECK THAT THE ATTACHMENT IS PROPERLY
INSTALLED.
4.20 THE BACKHOE OPERATION
4.20.1 BEFORE STARTING TO

EXCAVATE:
105
1) Park the machine at the excavation site.
2) Lower the stabilizers to raise the machine and to remove the weight on the rear tires.
3) Raise the front end of the machine by the Loader bucket until the machine is at level.
4) The machine is ready for digging. After finishing the job, machine can be put in move by
doing the above operations in reverse order.
DIGGING METHOD
4.20.2 HINTS ON OPERATION OF BACKHOE
1) Stop the machine in excavation site properly. Unlock both boom and bucket.
2) Tilt the Shovel forward, then lower it to take the weight off the front tires.
3) Lower the Stabilizers to lift the rear tires just clear off the ground and adjust the
Stabilizers until the machine is at level. NEVER push the Stabilizers down excessively since
this may cause breakage or bending of the inner sections.
4) Bring the Drive Control Lever to neutral position.
5) Set the engine speed to 1500 rpm by the Throttle Lever.
6) Do not let cylinder pistons hit the stroke ends. Otherwise, pins, bushings and cylinders
may be damaged in a short period of time. Bring the control levers to neutral when the
stroke end is approached. Do not keep on moving the Control Levers if the machine can not
tear the material out. This will cause overheating of the hydraulic oil.
7) Do not overload machine beyond its capacity.
8) Check the hydraulic oil temperature while working. Stop the work if necessary.
9) In order to shift the Backhoe to the desired position refer to the chapter SIDESHIFTING
THE BACKHOE .
CORRECT DIGGING METHOD

A
A CORRECT
106
Bucket teeth are parallel to the ground. Bucket is filled efficiently.
B
B WRONG
Bucket is being dragged down
thus slowing the speed of filling the
bucket.
C WRONG C
Bucket is being pulled upwards
and is not filling efficiently.
4.20.3 EXCAVATION ON SLOPES

Fully loaded Backhoe Bucket should
NEVER be slewed towards the incline
because the Loading Shovel can not be
used to block the machine when excavating
with the Backhoe on slopes. Otherwise,
the machine may roll over.
The Backhoe attachment should be
positioned in the center line of the Side
107
shifting Frame and the machine should be leveled by the Stabilizers when working under
such conditions. The excavated material should be dumped against the direction of incline.
If the excavation site is very inclined the route of the trench to be excavated should be
leveled by the Loading bucket before. However, the excavated material should be dumped
towards the direction of incline in this case to reinforce the ground. See Figure .
WORKING ON SLOPES MAY BE DANGEROUS IF NOT OBEYED TO THE
PROPER PRECAUTIONS. ALWAYS START DIGGING AT THE TOP OF THE
HILL AND CONTINUE DOWNWARDS. DO NOT SLEW FULLY LOADED
BACKHOE BUCKET TOWARDS THE INCLINE.
4.21 WHEN ENGINE STOPS DURING

OPERATION
If a sudden stop of the Diesel Engine, a defect

in the hydraulic pump or loss of hydraulic oil
leads to the failure of the hydraulic system
occurs, the lowering function of work
attachment is the EMERGENCY function that
can remain operational during the operation of
any of the two work attachments.
When the Engine stops suddenly while
operating and can not be re-started, the
attachments
can be lowered down to ground by their own ISO +
weight PATTERN
after moving the control levers to related
positions.
If the Engine stops when the Loader Arm is in
raised
position during the operation of Loader push the
Loader
Control lever to LOWER position and hold it
there until
the bucket rests on the ground. See Figure .
If the Engine stops when the Backhoe Boom is

in raised position during the operation of
Backhoe Attachment keep the Backhoe Control
Levers moved to LOWER
positions of both Boom and Dipper until the bucket
rests on the ground. See Figure .
4.22 TRANSPORTATION OF THE MACHINE
TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION THE ROAD CONDITIONS( LOADING GAUGES

OF THE BRIDGES AND TUNNELS) AND TRAFFIC RULES ON THE ROUTE
THAT THE MACHINE TO BE TRANSPORTED THROUGH.
DETERMINE THAT THE CARRIER VEHICLE IS SUITABLE FOR THE
DIMENSIONS OF YOUR MACHINE. REFER TO SPECIFICATIONS CHAPTER.
108
1) Block all of the trailer
wheels by wedge blocks.
INSPECT THE
CONDITION OF
RAMPS AND TRAILER
BED THAT MUST BE
FREE OF SHARP (eg: NAILS, BARS, BROKEN GLASS, ETC.) OR SLIPPERY (eg: OIL,
GREASE, ICE, DETERGENT FOAM, AND ETC.) OBJECTS TO AVOID CONTROL
PROBLEMS THAT MAY CAUSE. LIKE TO FLAT THE TIRE, TO SPIN OR SLIP WHEELS
WHILE DRIVING ON BOTH RAMP AND TRAILER BED.
2) Be certain that the ramps are strong enough and located properly. The ramps should be
capable of to carry the weight of the machine with sufficient rigidity and strength.
3) Check the ground clearance of the machine to be carried to prevent getting stuck while it
is climbing the trailer bed from the ramp.
4) Position the Shovel and Backhoe as described in section PREPARATIONS FOR
TRAVEL
5) Drive the machine to the ramps slowly after aligning the wheels on axsis lines of the
ramps. Drive the machine with extreme care on trailer bed after passing over the ramps.
6) Stop the machine, while there is a sufficient space for lowering the Backhoe.
7) Lock the Parking Brake and put the Drive Control Lever into neutral position.
8) Extend the stabilizers to support the machine on trailer bed.
9) Release the Backhoe Lock after taking necessary safety precautions. Bring the Loader
Arm and Backhoe down to the trailer bed and take the position seen in Figure .
10) Observe the maximum height of the machine and trailer combination carefully. They
must not exceed the limits of the loading gauge as an obligation for driving on public roads.
Do not hesitate to position again if necessary.
11) Shut the engine down.
12) Block the machine by putting wedge blocks in both directions of all tires of machine to
avoid sliding on the trailer.
13) Secure the machine by using chains as seen in the Figure .
ATTENTION
4.23
TOWING PROCEDURE FOR AN IMMOBILIZED
MACHINE
Towing an immobilized machine must be

the last choice among other choices
109
available. NEVER forget that towing the machine may also result in additional damage
to the machine.
To prevent the any damage to transmission and the other components while towing, remove
the drive shafts and joints.
Try to repair the machine on site if possible or mobilize the machine by repairing related
components there at least.
If towing the machine is unavoidable, follow the below given procedure after reading the
following safety warnings:
THE TRANSMISSION MAY BE DAMAGED BY TOWING A MACHINE TO VERY

DISTANT PLACES AT EXCESSIVELY HIGH SPEEDS. THE MACHINE MUST
NOT BE TOWED MORE THAN 1.5 Km/H (1 MILE/H). A TRAILER MUST BE
USED FOR LONGER TRAVEL. NEVER EXCEED 15 Km/h (10 MPH) WHILE
TOWING. FIT A SOLID DRAWBAR FOR TOWING.
THE VEHICLE THAT WILL TOW THE MACHINE MUST BE CAPABLE OF PULLING AND
STOPPING ON THE MOVE SUFFICIENTLY.
1) Lock the parking brake or block the machine by putting wedge blocks in both directions
of all tires.
2) Check the condition of the machine as well as

its hydraulics prior to preparation for travel. Ask
HDROMEK for help and advice, if necessary.
Use a crane or a lift to bring the Backhoe, Loader
and stabilizers into their transport positions if the
engine does not start. Secure with chains or
ropes. See Figures on this page.
3) Find a proper place to attach the draw bar to

the machine and fit the draw bar.
4) Release the parking brake or remove wedge blocks from wheels.

5) Comply with all the traffic rules and observe the road conditions.
TO PREVENT THE ANY DAMAGE TO TRANSMISSION AND OTHER

COMPONENTS WHILE TOWING, REMOVE THE DRIVE SHAFTS AND
JOINTS.
REMOVAL OF THE PROPSHAFTS WILL DISABLE THE PARKING BRAKE.
4.24 LIFTING BY A CRANE 1

The following procedures are for lifting the SPREADER
machine in its original form. These BAR
procedures do not take into consideration
the modifications, affecting the machine
weight made on the machine.
110
A) Dump and Roll Back the Shovel.
B) Stop the Engine.
C) Leave the Operators Cabin and dismount from the machine.
D) Close all guards, windows and doors.
ALWAYS USE PROPER LIFTING EQUIPMENT AND DEVICES. USE OF

IMPROPER LIFTING EQUIPMENT COULD ALLOW THE LOAD TO SHIFT OR
FALL CAUSING SEVERE DAMAGE, SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.
E) Hang the Spreader Bar on which lifting cables are fitted to a lifting equipment with a rated
lifting sufficient to lift the machine. See Figure 1 on this page.
F) Locate lifting eyes at the front and rear of the machine. See Figures 1, 2 and 3 on this
page.
G) Attach cables or wire rope with a
capacity rating sufficient to lift the machine
at lifting eyes.
H) Slowly lift and move the machine to
desired location.
2
.
PLACE WOODEN BLOCKS OR SIMILAR

PROTECTIVE MATERIAL BETWEEN
LIFTING CABLES AND MACHINE TO
AVOID DAMAGE AT THE PLACES WHERE
THE CABLES TOUCH THE MACHINE.
REMOVE AND TAKE AWAY THE LIFTING

EQUIPMENT CAREFULLY FROM THE
MACHINE TO PREVENT THEM FROM
HITTING THE MACHINE ACCIDENTALLY.
111
THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK
5. MAINTENANCE
112
5.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
READ, UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW ALL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL BEFORE PERFORMING ANY INSPECTION OR
MAINTENANCE PROCE-DURES TO THIS MACHINE.
IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE RECOMMENDATIONS IN CHAPTER 2,
SAFETY ARE OBSERVED.
FAILURE TO HEED COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH AS WELL AS

MATERIAL DAMAGE.
You should perform the inspections given hereafter before every start when you come back
to the machine that was staying parked for some time. It is recommended to repeat
inspections when working for longer periods of time intermittently.
The inspections listed here are related to the machine serviceability as well as personal
safety. Ask your HIDROMEK Authorized Service to check and correct any defects.
A) HDROMEK recommends that an Inspection and Maintenance Schedule be developed

and maintained on a regular basis for this machine. Developing and maintaining such a
schedule, helps to keep the machine in optimum operating condition. See INSPECTION &
MAINTENANCE CHART.
B) The information contained in this Chapter gives the proper procedures for performing
Inspection and Maintenance of this machine. Follow these procedures when performing
Inspection and Maintenance as they will guide the Technician step by step for each
procedure. Also, refer to INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE CHART.
The Inspection and Maintenance Charts provided give only general

time intervals. It may be necessary to develop a Custom Schedule to
perform machine maintenance at more frequent intervals based on the
conditions of job.
C) Use HDROMEK replacement parts to keep your machine in ideal operating condition.
IT IS THE RESPONSIBILTY OF THE MACHINE OWNER TO HAVE THE

PERIODIC MAINTENANCE OF THE MACHINE DONE FULLY ONTIME IN
COMPLIANCE WITH THE MAINTENANCE CHART AS GIVEN IN THIS
MANUAL OR SUPPLIED SEPARATELY. OTHERWISE, OUR WARRANTY AS
WELL AS OUR PRODUCT LIABILITY AGAINST ANY POSSIBLE DAMAGES WILL
EXPIRE.
5.2 GENERAL SAFETY
5.2.1 DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

Dispose of waste oils, fluids, lubricants, filters and other
hazardous waste properly.
113
DISPOSE OF ALL HAZARDOUS WASTE IN ACCORDANCE WITH GOVERNMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS, LAWS and CODES.
5.2.2 KEEP THE MACHINE CLEAN

Clean the machine thoroughly before
performing Inspection and Maintenance
procedures. It is easier and safer to locate
problems, to perform maintenance and also
reduces the risk of Hydraulic System
contamination when the machine is clean.
5.2.3 HOT SURFACES & FLUIDS

Be cautious and wear the proper safety
equipment when working around hot areas.
Never change oil, engine coolant or filters
immediately after the machine has been stopped.
Allow machine to cool down before performing
maintenance procedures.
5.2.4 WARM ENGINE OIL

Engine oil should have temperature of 20C ~ 40 C ( 68F ~ 104F ) before oil is changed.
If necessary run the Engine until oil is warm enough.
5.2.5 HANG DO NOT OPERATE WARNING

Before starting any inspection or maintenance procedures to the machine, provide and hang
to the Operators Controls a DO NOT OPERATE tag to warn persons not to start the
machine. This tag will help prevent accidental starting of the machine.
5.2.6 INSPECT WASTE OILS & FILTERS

All waste oil, fluid and filters should be inspected for residue
debris and foreign material before disposal. This will
help to determine problem areas.
5.2.7 PREVENT CONTAMINATION

Always cap or plug lines when hydraulic components are removed to prevent hydraulic
system contamination that can be caused by dirt, dust and debris entering a line or port.
114
NEVER ALLOW A HYDRAULIC LINE OR COMPONENT TO BECOME CONTAMINA-TED.
THIS COULD CAUSE SEVERE SYSTEM DAMAGE. OBTAIN PROPER CAPS AND
PLUGS TO BE USED ON THIS MACHINE.
5.2.8 SEALS & O-RINGS

Always replace seals and O-Rings with new replacements. Never reuse a seal or O-Ring
during reassembly of components. Before installing a new seal or O-Ring, coat with a thin
layer of oil to improve sealing ability.
5.2.9 STOP THE ENGINE

Never attempt any maintenance with the Engine running. Always stop the engine and allow
the machine to cool down.
5.2.10 WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

Wear helmet, safety goggles or face shield, working gloves, safety shoes and well fitting work
clothes when performing inspection and maintenance procedures on this machine.
5.2.11 CLEANING PARTS
Use only approved cleaning solvents and proper equipment to clean parts.
NEVER USE GASOLINE, DIESEL FUEL OR OTHER FLAMMABLE SOLVENTS

TO CLEAN PARTS. ALWAYS CLEAN PARTS IN A WELL VENTILATED AREA.
5.2.12 RELEASE RESIDUAL HYDRAULIC OIL PRESSURE

ALWAYS release the residual pressure trapped in the hydraulic system as well as hydraulic
oil tank by moving hydraulic control levers while the Engine is stopped according to
STOPPING & PARKING THE MACHINE in OPERATION Chapter and by opening the cap of
the tank respectively before performing inspection or maintenance procedures.
5.2.13 ENGAGE ATTACHMENT

SAFETY LOCKS
All the attachments must be locked to
prevent unexpected movements during
maintenance or repair works.
CYLINDER LOCK STRUT

Many service procedures require that
the Loader Arm must be raised to allow
easy access to the frontal components
of machine. For safety a Mechanical
Lock Strut is provided. It is used as a
cylinder blocker to prevent the raised
Loader Arm from lowering unexpectedly.
5.3 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE CHART

Every 2000
hours
115
Every 8 Every 50 Every 100 Every 500 Every 1000
change adjust check grease clean tighten service lubricate ACTION Every 250 hours
hours hours hours hours hours
ENGINE
Engine oil level CHECK
Engine oil (see Page124) CHANGE First maintenance

depend on fuel S%
Engine oil filter CHANGE First maintenance

Air filter precleaner Clean if necessary CHECK
Air filter Primary / secondary illumin.Warning light CHANGE
Fuel level Refuel after work shift CHECHK
116
Fuel filter (prefilter) CHANGE First maintenance

Fuel filter (engine) CHANGE
Engine coolant level CHECK
Coolant specific gravity CHECK
Engine coolant CHANGE
Fuel filter residue f necessary CHECK
Condition of V - belts CHECK
V belts tightness Adjust if necessary CHECK
Engine mounts tightness CHECK First maintenance

5.3
Every 8 Every 50 Every 100 Every 250 Every 500 Every 1000 Every 2000
service lubricate ACTION No:
hours hours hours hours hours hours hours
Clean if necessary CHECK 1.
engine CHECK 1.1
condition CHECK 1.2
abnormal noise CHECK 1.3
black / blue CHECK 1.4
Adjust if necessary CHECK 1.5

CHECK & ADJUST First maintenance 1.6

117
CHECK First maintenance
1.7
CHECK & ADJUST First maintenance 1.8

1.9
For sfety CHECK
INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE CHART (contunied)
1.10
For safety CHECK
1.11
CHECK
SERVICECHECK & 1.12

1.13
tests CHECK
Adjust if necessary CHECK & ADJUST 1.14

1.15
wheel CLEAN
5.3
No: change adjust check grease clean tighten
1.16 Condition of radiator
1.17 Leakage of Fluids on the
1.18 All hoses & their
First maintenance 1.19 Running of the engine &

1.20 Exhaust smoke
maintenance 1.21 Intake & exhaust valve clearances

First
1.22 Idle RPM
118
First maintenance 1.23 Stall RPM
1.24 Max RPM full load / unloaded

1.25 Air intake System
1.26 Exhaust system
1.27 Throttle lever & pedal connections
1.28 Fuel nozzles

1.29 Engine Compression
1.30 Turbocharger Shaft clearance

1.31 Turbocharger exhaust turbine
Every 250 Every 500 Every 1000 Every 2000
No: change adjust check grease clean tighten service lubricate ACTION
hours hours hours hours
2 DRIVE Transmission, Axles & steering
2.1 Transmission Oil level CHECK
2.2 Transmission oil CHANGE
2.3 Transmission Oil filter CHANGE
2.4 Transmission Oil strainer CLEAN
2.5 Axles Oil level CHECK
2.6 Axles oil CHANGE
119
2.7 Hubs Oil level CHECK
2.8 Hubs oil CHANGE
2.9 Tires Air pressures & conditions CHECK
5.3 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE CHART (contunied)

2.10 Wheel nuts tightness CHECK
2.11 Drive shafts & universal Joints CHECK & GREASE
2.12 Front axle Play & rocking CHECK
2.13 Front & rear axles joints TIGHTENCHECK GREASE &

2.14 Front axle Oscillation pin & bushings CHECK & GREASE
2.15 HMK 102S Steering mod operations CHECK

5.3
2.16 HMK 102S Proximity switch Clean if necessary CHECK
2.17 Hub & wheel bearings CHECK First maintenance
2.18 Function of 4 wheel drive ( 2x4 & 4x4 ) CHECK First maintenance
2.19 Shifting function to forward & reverse CHECK First maintenance
2.20 Steering system pressure CHECK First maintenance
2.21 Transmission main line pressure CHECK First maintenance
2.22 Transmission dump function (kick out) CHECK First maintenance
120
2.23 Transmission Neutral running CHECK First maintenance
2.24 Transmission clutch pack pressures CHECK First maintenance
2.25 Torque Convertter inlet pressure CHECK First maintenance
HYDRAULIC

3 SYSTEM
3.1 Hydraulic Oil level CHECK
3.2 Hydraulic oil CHANGE
3.3 Hydraulic Return filter CHANGE First maintenance
3.4 Return filter housing muhafazas CLEAN First maintenance
3.5 Suction strainer Replace if damaged CLEAN

5.3
3.6 Cylinder rod plating with chrome conditions CHECK First maintenance
3.7 Hydraulic Oil cooler CHECK & CLEAN
3.8 Hydraulic oil Tank cap Replace if damaged CHECK
3.9 HSC Function test CHECK First maintenance
3.10 Main safety Relief valve function CHECK First maintenance

3.11 Line pressure for attachement CHECK First maintenance
3.12 Hydraulic line function test CHECK First maintenance

121
3.13 Unloader Valve pressure CHECK First maintenance
3.14 Cavtation & chock valve pressure CHECK First maintenance

4 BRAKE SYSTEM

4.1 Strainer CLEAN
4.2 Service brake function test CHECK
4.3 Parking brake Function test CHECK
4.4 Parking brake mechanism Lubricate & adjust ADJUSTCHECK & First maintenance

4.5 Brake accumulator condition CHECK
grease clean tighten service lubricate ACTION
SYSTEM
electrolyte level CHECK
harness Cut, nick, winding CHECK
terminals CHECK
motor CHECK First maintenance

alternator charging function CHECK First maintenance
function test all CHECK
122
Charge alternator CHECK & SERVICE
& CAB
bushings CHECK & GREASE
the doors & windows LUBRICATECHECK &
controls LUBRICATECHECK &
filter CHECK & CLEAN
boom polyamide pads clearance CHECK & ADJUST

function test CHECK
grip bars & locks CHECK

5.3
service lubricate ACTION No: change adjust check
CHECK 5 ELECTRICAL
Refill if necessary CHECK 5.1 Battetry
CHECK 5.2 Electric
pads CHECK & ADJUST 5.3 Battery

in general CHECK & CLEAN 5.4 Starter

bolts & nuts TIGHTENCHECK & 5.5 Charge
TIGHTENCHECK & 5.6 Lights
123
necessaryChange if CLEAN 5.7 Starter motor &

function CHECK 6 CHASSIS
6.1 Pins &

6.2 Hinges of
6.3 Wire rope &
6.4 Air condition
6.5 Telescobic
6.6 Clamps
6.7 Door & window

change adjust check grease clean tighten
Teeth, side cutter

the machine
Safety lock
Fluid level
polyamide
seat belt
panels
Loader
filters
Screen washer
Cab ventilation
Front & side
Painting of
Stabilizers
Backhoe
Backhoe
Seat &
Bucket
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
No:
6.8
6.9
5.4 ENGINE DESCRIPTION
The Engine Serial Number (1) is on the left hand

side of the cylinder block. An Engine Number Engine serial number (1)
example is: RG38101*U119484L Indicate the
Serial Number of the Engine in your replacement
parts orders.
Engine Serial No. should be

indicated fully if you need spare
parts, service or information.
17 1
16 2
15 3
4
14 5
13
6
12
8
11
10 124
9
FRONT LEFT SIDE VIEW
NO: DESCRIPTION NO: DESCRIPTION
1&5 FILLER CAP FOR LUBRICATING OIL 10 LUBRICATING OIL SUMP

2 ELECTRICAL FUEL LIFT PUMP 11 CRANKSHAFT PULLEY
3 INLET MANIFOLD 12 FAN
4 FUEL FILTER 13 FUEL INJECTION PUMP
6 STARTER MOTOR 14 COOLANT PUMP
7 ENGINE OIL LEVEL DIPSTICK 15 SENDER UNIT FOR
START & ADVANCE
8 ENGINE OIL FILTER 16 LIFTING BRACKET
9 DRAIN PLUG FOR LUBRICATING OIL 17 THERMOSTAT HOUSING
28 18
27 19
20
21
22
23
24
26
25
125
REAR RIGHT SIDE VIEW
NO: DESCRIPTION NO: DESCRIPTION
18 FRONT LIFTING BRACKET 24 TURBOCHARGER LUBE. OIL PIPE

19 COOLANT TEMP. SENSOR 25 OIL SUMP
20 EXHAUST MANIFOLD 26 FLYWHEEL
21 ALTERNATOR 27 ROCKER COVER
22 TURBOCHARGER 28 REAR LIFTING BRACKET
23 V - BELTS
5.5 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Periodic maintenance Intervals are based on either running hours or

time. Perform the maintenance whichever occurs first.
MAINTENANCE HINTS
Daily maintenance is operators responsibility. Check in the morning before operating the
machine preferably.
After a working session, clean the machine, park on a level ground and bring the backhoe
in travelling position. Lift the loader arms up and lock them before starting maintenance.
5.5.1. FIRST 50 HOURS MAINTENANCE
FIRST 50 HOURS (INITIAL) MAINTENANCE SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT BY THE

AUTHORISED SERVICE PERSONNEL ONLY. (FOR BRANDNEW MACHINES)
Initially, perform the 50 hours maintenance then do following additional maintenance:
126
Check and adjust if necessary, with the engine stopped:
Front and rear axle oil levels
Engine air intake system connections
Engine exhaust system connections
Tightness of all the mounting nuts
Parking brake settings
Check and adjust if necessary, with engine running:

Steering system pressure
Engine idle speed
Fuel pump governor settings
Engine speed at full throttle
Fuel system leakages and contamination
Transmission mainline pressure
Change:
Engine oil and Engine oil filter.
Hydraulic oil return filter element
Transmission oil filter
Use lubricants that are recommended by HIDROMEK only. See TABLE

of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS.
5.6 TABLE of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS

6) (-5 C /+46 C ) Where available -5 C
M2C 41 B / 134D
M2C 41 B / 134D
N.L.G.I. No.2 lithium based & molybden
SUMMER TIME AND EVERYWHERE.

CAT TO-4, Allison C4, ZF TE-ML 3C
min temperature. IT IS AVAILABLE IN

MIL-L-2105D
MIL-L-2105D
MIL-L-2105D
MIL-L-2105D
MIL-L-2105D
API CG-4 / CH-4
N.L.G.I. No.2 lithium based

INTERNATIONAL STD NO:
BS 6580 / 1992
ISO VG 46 HVI
Viscosity (1)
API- GL-5,
API- GL-5,
API- GL-5,
API- GL-5,
API- GL-5,
API- GL-4,
API- GL-4,
127
CHANGE INTERVALS SHELL PETROL OFS EXXONMOBL
hoursFirst 50 hours & than every 250 RMULA SUPER 15W/40 15W/40TURBODZEL EXTRA ESSOLUBE XT5 15W/40
(5)
Every 1000 hours DONAX TC 30 (6)DONAX TC10WTMS 971 MOBLTRANS HD 10W
Every 1000 hours SPRAX A 80W/90 80W/90UNVERSAL KEBAN EP MOBLUBE HD 80W/90
Every 1000 hours DONAX TD MOL AGRFLUD 426 (4)
128
Every 1000 hours DONAX TD MOL AGRFLUD 426 (4)
Every 1000 hours TELLUS T46 HYDROTECH HVI 46 DTE 15M
Every 2 years GLYCOSHELL SPER ANTFRZ ANTIFREEZE advanced
Every 50 hours WEEKLY ALVANA EP2RETNAX EP2 SPERGRES EP2 MOBLUX EP2
Every 50 hours WEEKLY RETNAX HDX CARUS EP320 MOBLGREASE SPECAL XHP322
2) Total system requirement is 14,75 Lt. 3) Total system capacity is 4) Do not fill other brand
(-32 C
or kind
/+40 C ) where the Temperatures are not 5) It is available
and it is variable according to the max & 160 Lt. Pay attention to the of oil to the rear axle,
reaches
except
to +40 C. IT IS AVAILABLE FOR WINTER
min level of the level dipstick. level on the gauge. referred in this table. While CONDITIONS IN EVERYWHERE.
adding oil to the system, be sure
to add oil of same brand and type
used in the system.
bearingsUntil clean grease overflows from
the proper viscosity in

Viscosity Grade Chart given.
Fit enough
(liter)QTY.
2 x 1,9
2 x 1,9
2 x 1,9
120 (3)
12 (2)
7,6
14
23
16
25
11
1) Select
NOTES:
TELESCOBIC DIPPER SLIDE GREASE
102B Rear axle, diffrantial & hubs
102B Front axle & differantial
102S Front axle & differantial
102S Rear axle & differantial
CHANGE INTERVALS ARE ONLY FOR NORMAL
DETERIORATES EARLIER, REPLACE THE OIL

ENGINE COOLANT (WATER+ANTIFREEZE)
TRANSMISSION PS760
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
WORKING CONDITIONS. IF THE OIL

DESCRIPTION
102S Rear hubs

front hubs
front hubs
GREASE
ENGINE
EARLIER.
5.7 PRE-START (EVERY 8 HOURS) INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE
Perform following procedures every 8 hours of operation or daily, before starting the
machine.
5.7.1 CHECKING ENGINE OIL LEVEL
A) Park the machine on hard and flat ground. Lock the parking brake.
B) Stop the Engine.
C) Open Oil Level Check Access Cover on Left Hand Side cover panel as described
in OIL LEVEL CHECK ACCESS COVER (OLCAC) Article of DESCRIPTION Chapter.
D) Pull Engine Oil Dipstick. Wipe dipstick to clean using a clean, dry, lint free cloth
and reinsert to the Engine. Pull again and visually inspect the Engine Oil level on Dipstick.
See Figure for the correct oil level (arrow) .
E) If it is necessary to add oil, proceed as described in ENGAGING CYLINDER
LOCK STRUT Article of OPERATION Chapter before removing the left hand side Engine
Cover Panel. After removing Engine Cover Panel remove Oil Filler Cap and fill Engine Oil of
recommended brand and type to the proper level. See Figure and refer to the TABLE of
LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS.
BE CAUTIOUS OF HOT FLUIDS AND SURFACES. WEAR GOGGLES, SAFETY SHOES,

HELMET, WORKING CLOTHES AND GLOVES TO PERFORM INSPECTION AND
MAINTENANCE ON THIS MACHINE.
WHEN WORKING AROUND THE BACKHOE LOADER WITH THE LOADER

ARM RAISED, ALWAYS ENGAGE THE LIFT CYLINDER LOCK.
129
REFER TO THE CYLINDER LOCK
ENGAGEMENT PROCEDURE IN OPERATION
CHAPTER.
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH COULD RESULT
FROM NEGLECTING TO LOCK THE LOADER
ARM IN LIFTED POSITION AS THE LOADER
ARM MAY DROP SUDDENLY.
After adding oil, check oil level,

replace oil filler cap, replace dipstick.
Then close side cover panel and
remove Cylinder Lock Strut as described in
DISENGAGING CYLINDER LOCK STRUT Article of
OPERATION Chapter .
5.7.2 CHECKING COOLANT LEVEL

A) Park the machine on hard and flat ground. Lock
the parking brake.
B) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock

Strut. Stop the Engine.
C) Open Engine Hood.
ALWAYS LET THE ENGINE COOL DOWN

BEFORE CHECKING THE COOLANT
LEVEL.
FAILURE TO HEED MAY RESULT IN
PERSONAL INJURY.
D) Locate Coolant Reservoir. Proper coolant level is

the between MAXIMUM and MINIMUM marks on the
Coolant Reservoir.
E) After adding coolant replace the Coolant Filling

Cap and close Engine Hood.
5.7.3 CHECKING THE DRIVE BELT TENSION
130
Renew a belt if it is worn or damaged. If twin belts are fitted, they must be renewed together.
To ensure maximum belt life, it is recommended that a belt tension gauge is used to check
the belt tension.
1) Fit the gauge (A) at the centre of the longest free length and check the tension. If
a "Burroughs" gauge is used, the correct tension is 355 N (80 Ibf) 36 kgf.
PARK THE MACHINE ON A FIRM AND LEVEL GROUND. ENGAGE THE

PARKING BRAKE AND PUT THE DRIVE CONTROL LEVER TO NEUTRAL
POSITION. RAISE THE LOADER ARM LOCK THEM. LOWER THE BACKHOE TO THE
GROUND AND STOP THE ENGINE.
BE CERTAIN THAT THE ENGINE CAN NOT BE STARTED ACCIDENTALLY. HANG A

DO NOT OPERATE WARNING ON THE OPERATORS CONTROLS. DISCONNECT THE
BATTERY CABLE BEFORE DOING THIS MAINTENANCE JOB.
5.7.3 CHECKING THE DRIVE BELT TENSION (continued)
If the tension is 220 N (50 Ibf) 22 kgf or below,

adjust it to 355 N (80 Ibf) 36 kgf as indicated below.
2) If a gauge is not available, press down the belt

with the thumb at the centre of the longest free
length and check the deflection . With moderate
thumb pressure - 45N ( 10 Ibf ) 4,5 kgf - the correct
deflection of the belt is 10 mm (3/8 in).
If twin belts are fitted, check and adjust the tension

on the tighter belt.
5.7.4 ADJUSTING THE BELT TENSION
1) Park the machine on hard and flat ground.

Lock the parking brake.
Put the Drive Control Lever to neutral
position.
Lift the Loader Arm up and lock it. Place
the Backhoe on the ground.
Stop the Engine and remove the Starter
Key and disconnect the Battery Cable.
2) Slacken the pivot fasteners (1) of the
Alternator and fasteners of the adjustment link
(2). See Figure.
3) Change the position of the Alternator to
give the correct tension.
131
4) Tighten fasteners of the adjustment link (2) first and then pivot fasteners of the Alternator
(1). See Figure.
5) Check the belt tension again to ensure that it is still correct.
When the belt is replaced by a new one, the belt tension must be
checked again following the first 20 hours of operation.
5.7.5 CHECKING ENGINE FLUID LEAKS

1) Inspect complete Engine for signs of
fluid leaks.
2) When inspecting around pressure
lines and hoses use a stiff piece of
cardboard.
5.7.6 BRAKE SYSTEM OPERATING & MAINTENANCE
The HDROMEK backhoe loaders brake system has an independent brake pump, a brake
valve and a brake charge valve which includes an hydraulic accumulator. Brake sytem has
continuous hydraulic pressure even engine stopped because of any reason. The charging
valve which includes an hydraulic accumulator supplies the brake system pressure. There is
a brake force for a while even the engine is not run.
The working principle of the hydraulic accumulator is, to store an hydraulic pressure via
nitrogen gas pressure that is accumulated by a diaphragm / piston.
It is strictly recommended to check periodically the accumulator nitrogen gas pressure, by
HDROMEK authorized service.
For changing or charging the nitrogen gas of the brake accumulator, HDROMEK authorized
service uses the charge apparatus which is suitable.
Check the nitrogen gas pressure (P0) at most in first week of the operation, after new
mounting or repairing the brake hydraulic accumulator. If the pressure is normal, check later
in four months. Still the pressure is normal, check the gas pressure yearly. This check and
maintenance procedure is to be realized only by HDROMEK autorized service .
The red warning light immediately turns on when the engine is stopped if there is no sufficient
gas pressure of the hydraulic accumulator.
The front warning light cluster (1-2) indicates the gas charge ratio of the brake hydraulic
accumulator. It is not possible to charge the hydraulic accumulator while there is low or no
hydraulic pressure in the brake system. Red warning light is on when the engine runs.
Testing instructions of the hydraulic accumulator is in the section 5.7.6.1
5.7.6.1 HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATOR CONTROL & TEST
132
Follow the below given procedure to check the condition of the hydraulic accumulator of
braking system:
1) Turn the starter key to I (ON). Hydraulic Accumulator Warning Light is on the Front
Instrument Panel. Warning Light should not light up normally.
THE OPERATOR MUST KNOW THAT THERE WILL BE NO BRAKING FORCE

WHEN BRAKE ACCUMULATOR LIGHT COMES ON WHILE THE ENGINE IS
RUNNING. BE PATIENT AND CONTACT HDROMEK AUTHORIZED SERVICE.
2) Press the brake pedal a couple of times to cause the light come on. Illumination of the
light means that the brake accumulator has been discharged.
3) Start the engine. Brake Accumulator Warning Light should go out a few seconds later.
4) Stop the engine. Keep the starter key I (ON). The warning Light should not illuminate. If
it illuminates immediately there is no braking force when the Engine is stopped.
5) If Hydraulic Brake Accumulator is in good condition, the Warning Light should illuminate
after pressing the Brake pedal 10 - 15 times after the Engine is stopped.
5.7.6.1 HYDRAULIC ACCUMULATOR TESTING (contd)
After checking the brake operation, apply the static test for the brake system.
STATIC TESTING:
The machine must be remain at a straight slope after 5 times testing, when the
engine is stopped. The machine must be at a standstill on the slope.
It is acceptable if the result is in this way. Otherwise, immediately call HDROMEK
authorized service.
THE BELOW MENTIONED PROCEDURE IS TO BE REALIZED ONLY BY
HDROMEK AUTORIZED SERVICE TECHNICIAN.
Release the hydraulic pressure of the system. Stop the engine. Turn the starter key
I (ON) position. Press the brake pedal for drop down the hydraulic pressure. The
red warning light comes on.
With applying a pressure gauge to the hydraulic accumulator, read zero
pressure.
Release the hydraulic pressure of the accumulator by slacken the
connections. Dismount the hydraulic accumulator.
Apply the charge apparatus connection to the accumulator valve. Release the
gas pressure by tightening the valve of the charge apparatus.
Follow on the apparatus gauge that gas pressure is drop down.
ATTENTION
Never drill, knock or weld the hydraulic accumulator
Beware of open flame or high heat sources
Consult with HDROMEK autorized service before replace or
destroy the hydraulic accumulator of the brake system.
133
SINGLE with
Brake system SINGLE DOUBLE
COMPRESSOR
P0 Gas pressure 16 bars 16 bars 45 bars
The color of the hydraulic accumulator differs depend on the pressure ratio.
Black is for 16 bars & light blue is for 45 bars .
The pressure rating is also stamped on the case.
5.7.7 CHECKING & CLEANING THE ENGINE AIR PRE-CLEANER (DUST

SEPARATOR)
Engine Air Pre-Cleaner is located at the top of the Engine Hood and can be easily seen at
the Operators Cabin. Empty the dust bowl when more
than 1/3 of the dust bowl is filled with dust.
Do not run the Engine with Pre Cleaner
and / or upper lid removed.
CLEANING THE AIR PRE-CLEANER

1) Remove the wing nut (C) and lid (D)
2) Remove dust bowl (E) and take care not to pour the
dust into air filter inlet. Empty the dust. Clean the residue
dirt with detergent water. Dry the dust bowl before refitting.
3) Refit the dust bowl and tighten the wing nut (C).
5.7.8 ENGINE AIR FILTER

Engine air filter incorporates 2 filter elements, those
are inner and outer filter elements.
1) Clean the Pre-filter ( dust separator ).
2) Raise the Loader Arm and lock it.
3) Stop the Engine and remove the Starter Key.
4) Remove the left cover of the Engine
compartment.
5) Remove outer filter element
134
6) Remove wing nut. Remove element. Take care not to damage the element while
removing. Clean the housing (C) and rubber dust valve (D).
7) Fit a new filter element Insert the new outer filter into the housing after coating the seal
with soapy water and then remove it. If the element has been properly seated, there should
be seal mark on the inner bottom of the housing. Re-fit the outer filter element and make
sure it is properly seated. Tighten the wing nut . Check that all the hoses are in good
condition and their clamps are tight.
DO NOT CLEAN THE AIR FILTER ELEMENT BY ANY MEANS. PROVIDE

SPARE ELEMENTS IN ORDER TO REPLACE IMMEDIATELY WHEN THE
ENGINE AIR FILTER CLOGGED WARNING LIGHT IS ON.
AIR FILTER CLOGGED WARNING LIGHT

Air Filter Clogged Warning Switch is a vacuum switch that at a pressure difference of 508
558 mm water. Vacuum switch gauge is fitted between air filter and inlet manifold. Air filter
clogged warning light is on the Right Hand Side Instrument Panel. This red warning light
turns on along with an audio alarm should the Engine Air Filter be clogged.
5.7.10 CHECKING FUEL LEVEL

Refill the tank with the proper kind of diesel fuel after finishing each days operation. Water
condensation in the tank caused by the temperature drop during night will be avoided by this
way.
135
PLACE THE LOADER ARM ON THE GROUND AND SWITCH OFF THE ENGINE PRIOR
TO RE-FUELLING THE MACHINE . NEVER MOVE CONTROLS OF THE MACHINE
WHILE REFILLING FUEL.
1) Turn the Starter Switch to I (ON)

position.
2) Observe the Fuel Level Gauge on the
Right Hand Side Instrument Panel
carefully. See Figure
3) To fill Fuel tank, open Fuel Filler Cap
with the Key provided and fill up the Fuel
Tank with Diesel Fuel.
4) Fit the Fuel Filler cap after refuelling and lock it.
Check the fuel filter sediment bowl on the Engine. Drain water and sediment if there is any,
by loosening the screw.
Use clean, settled & good quality fuel. If you have to use non-
standard fuels, consult your HIDROMEK Service on oil change
intervals.
DIESEL FUEL IS INFLAMMABLE. NEVER ALLOW FIRE

IN THE VICINITY OF THE MACHINE. SMOKING IS
FORBIDDEN WHILE SERVICING THE ENGINE OR
ADDING FUEL TO THE FUEL TANK. NEVER ADD FUEL WHEN
THE ENGINE RUNS. FAILURE TO HEED MAY CAUSE FIRES AND
INJURIES.
GASOLINE MUST NOT BE USED IN REFUELLING. DO NOT ADD

GASOLINE TO DIESEL FUEL SINCE IT WILL CAUSE EXPLOSIVE
GASES IN THE FUEL TANK.
DIESEL FUEL TYPE

To provide the full power and performance of your Engine, use good quality
diesel fuel. Recommended fuel specifications (EURO DIESEL) for your Engine
are as the following:
Cetane Number: 46
Viscosity: 2.0 4.5 mm2/s @ 40 oC
Density: 0.820 0.845 kg/lt @ 15 oC
Sulphur: 0,005 % max.
Standard EN 590
136
5.7.11 CHECKING TRANSMISSION OIL LEVEL
Transmission Oil Level is checked by Transmission Oil Dipstick (A) in the Engine
compartment. Transmission Oil Level
checking procedure is given below.
A) Park the machine on hard and flat

ground. Lock the parking brake.
B) Stop the Engine.
C) Open Oil Level Check Access Cover on A
Left Hand Side cover panel as described in
OIL LEVEL CHECK ACCESS COVER
(OLCAC) Article of DESCRIPTION Chapter.
D) Locate and pull Transmission Oil Dipstick
(A). See Figures . Wipe dipstick to clean
using a clean, dry, lint free cloth and reinsert
to the Transmission. Pull again and visually
inspect the Transmission Oil level on Dipstick
(A). See Figure. Proper oil level should be to the
full mark on the Dipstick when the oil is cold i.e.
Before starting to operate the machine. If the
Engine has been running, stop the Engine and
wait approximately one minute to allow oil to drain
from the Torque Converter before checking the oil
level.
E) If it is necessary to add oil, proceed as
described in ENGAGING CYLINDER LOCK
STRUT Article of OPERATION Chapter before ATTENTION
removing the left hand side Engine Cover

Panel. After removing
137
NEVER EXCEED PROPER LEVEL WHEN ADDING OIL.
5.7.12 CHECKING HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL
Hydraulic Oil Level is checked by Hydraulic Oil Level Gauge on the Hydraulic Oil Tank on the
left hand side of the machine. Hydraulic Oil Level checking procedure is given below.
A) Park the machine on strong and flat ground. Lock the parking Brake. Place the loader
bucket on the ground. Lift the boom up, fold the dipper and the bucket in to bring the
machine to Hydraulic Oil Level Checking Position given in Figure .
B) Stop the engine. Take the Starter Key.
C) Check the Hydraulic Oil Level by

looking at the sight glass of the Hydraulic
Oil Level Gauge. Proper Oil level should be
in the middle of the sight glass of the Gauge
or between middle and top.
WHEN WATER OR AIR EXISTS

IN THE SYSTEM, THE
HYDRAULIC OIL IN THE SIGHT
GLASS IS NOT CLEAR. DO NOT CONTINUE THE OPERATION OF THE
MACHINE BECAUSE SEVERE DAMAGE TO THE HYDRAULIC PUMP AS WELL AS
OTHER HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS CAN TAKE PLACE.
D) If necessary, add Hydraulic Oil of
recommended brand and type to the Tank by
removing its cap and refer to the TABLE of
5.7.13 HYDRAULIC OIL TANK CAP

The Hydraulic Tank Breather and Filter are
integrated into the Hydraulic Tank Cap.
Hydraulic Tank Cap is of pressurized type
and keeps the Tank pressure at 0,3 Bars. Air
under pressure should be released when the
Tank Cap is loosened to indicate that it is
functioning properly.
138
Should the cap can not keep the pressure in the Hydraulic Oil Tank,
replace the cap.
DO NOT REMOVE THE STRAINER UNDER THE CAP WHEN ADDING

HYDRAULIC OIL INTO TANK. THIS IS IMPORTANT FOR THE CLEANLINESS
OF THE TANK.
5.7.14 CHECKING THE TIRE PRESSURE
THE TASK OF INFLATING OR SERVICING

TIRES CAN BE EXTREMELY
DANGEROUS AND SHOULD BE
PERFORMED BY TRAINED PERSONNEL
WHENEVER POSSIBLE, USING CORRECT TOOLS,
PROPER PROCEDURES AND SAFETY
EQUIPMENT. AN EXPLODING TIRE CAN KILL.
INFLATED TIRE MAY EXPLODE DUE TO
OVERHEATING. DO NOT PLACE YOUR FINGERS
ON THE TIRE BEAD OR RIM DURING INFLATION;
SERIOUS INJURY OR AMPUTATION COULD
RESULT. STAND CLEAR OF POTENTIAL
TRAJECTORY DANGER ZONE.
Correct tire pressure should be maintained

for all tires to enhance operating stability
and extend tire life. Both under inflation and
over inflation should ALWAYS be avoided.
Incorrect inflation is the common cause of
most tire problems and failures. Refer to the
below given chart for the proper inflation
pressure.
When installing tires BE SURE they are of same size and pattern on the same side of the
Backhoe Loader. ALWAYS replace tires with the same size as original equipment.
Tire inflation procedure is given below for adding air to a tire that has some amount of air
pressure in. Should the tire become flat completely find a tire repair mechanic:
A) Make sure that the tire is correctly fitted to its place on the machine or put it in a safety
cage as seen in the Figure .
B) Air supply system that has an adjustable pressure regulator should be used. The
pressure regulator should be adjusted no higher than 10 PSI ( 0,7 Bar ) above the
recommended inflation pressure. See TABLE of TIRE SIZES and INFLATION
PRESSURES given below for the inflation pressure of your tires. An extension hose having
clip-on chuck and in line remote blocking valve should be used. See Figure .
Inflation Pressure
Machine type Tire size Tire maker Tire type
(Psi) (Bar)
139
HMK 102B 12,5 /80 x18 12 LASSA
TUBELESS 58 4
front ply rating GOODYEAR
HMK 102B 16,9 /14 x 28 12 LASSA
TUBELESS 38 2,6
rear ply rating GOODYEAR
HMK 102S 16,9 /14 x 28 12 LASSA
TUBELESS 38 2,6
front & rear ply rating GOODYEAR
C) Pay extra attention to the correct fitting of the air hose on the valve of the tyre. Keep
others away from the place where the tyre is inflated. Stand clear of the trajectory danger
zone during inflation. Add air to the tyre until the recommended pressure is reached.
NEVER OVERINFLATE BY EXCEEDING RECOMMENDED PRESSURE.
5.7.15 GREASING
See The TABLE OF LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS For recommended

greases. Grease all points until clean grease overflows from the bearings.
DANGER
BEFORE GREASING PARK THE MACHINE ON A HARD AND FLAT PLACE.
LOCK THE PARKING BRAKE AND PUT THE DRIVE CONTROL LEVER TO
NEUTRAL POSITION. TAKE THE MACHINE ABOVE GIVEN POSITION AND
STOP THE ENGINE. BE CERTAIN THAT THE ENGINE CAN NOT BE STARTED
ACCIDENTALLY. HANG A DO NOT
OPERATE WARNING ON THE OPERATORS
CONTROLS. BRING THE BATTERY
DISCONNECT SWITCH TO OFF POSITION
BEFORE GREASING. FAILURE TO HEED
COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR
DEATH.
GREASING POINTS
140
5.8 WEEKLY (EVERY 50 HOURS) INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE
Perform every 8 hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures along with the
following 50 hours Inspection & Maintenance procedures.
5.8.1 DRAINING THE FUEL TANK

A) Park the machine on a hard and flat
place. Lock the Parking Brake. Stop the
Engine and take the Starter Key.
B) Locate and remove the Drain Plug at the

bottom of the Fuel Tank. See Figure .
DIESEL FUEL IS
INFLAMMABLE. NEVER ALLOW
FIRE IN THE VICINITY OF THE
MACHINE. SMOKING IS
FORBIDDEN WHILE SERVICING THE
ENGINE OR ADDING
FUEL TO THE FUEL TANK. NEVER ADD FUEL
WHEN THE ENGINE RUNS. FAILURE TO HEED
MAY CAUSE
FIRES AND
INJURIES.
C) Allow all water and sediment

to drain from Fuel Tank into a
waste container.
D) Install the Drain Plug with its
seal.
141
5.8.2 DRAINING FUEL PRE-FILTER
A) Park the machine on a hard and flat place. Lock the Parking Brake.
B) Lift the Loader Arm and install the Safety Lock Strut. Stop the Engine and take the
Starter Key.
C) Open side cover panel.
D) Locate the Fuel Pre-Filter between the Fuel

Tank and Engine. Check for water in the bowl.
CLEAN UP ALL SPILLED FUEL TO

AVOID FIRE.
E) Place a tray under the Filter to catch spill of Fuel .
F) Loosen Fuel Pre-Filter Drain Plug at the bottom of the Fuel Pre-Filter to drain it if there is
any water. See Figure .
G) Allow all water and sediment to drain from Fuel Pre-Filter into the tray.
H) Tighten Fuel Pre-Filter Drain Plug.
142
If the Fuel Pre-Filter is very dirty dismantle and clean it
according to instructions given in REPLACING FUEL PRE-FILTER
ELEMENT.
5.8.3 CHECKING THE CLEARENCE OF INNER PLATES of THE STABILISERS
FRICTION PLATES
Friction Plates carry and lead internal sections in
external sections that are integrated to the Sideshift
Frame.
TOP FRICTION PLATES

Top Friction Plates are located on the upper part of
the internal sections. They are 4 pieces and are not
adjustable.
BOTTOM FRICTION PLATES

Bottom Friction Plates are in the lower part of the
external sections. 2 of them are stationary and 2 of
them are adjustable. Internal sections must be
removed to replace the Friction Plates.
The load, created by the operation of stabilisers is

carried by the Bottom Friction Plates mainly and
hence they are subjected to more wear
consequently. Therefore, the wearing of Bottom
Friction Plates must be checked periodically.
Top and Bottom Friction Plates 1

must be replaced as a complete
set.
A) Place the machine on flat ground. Lock the

Parking Brake. Put the Drive Control Lever into
neutral. Place the attachments on the ground.
Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key away. 2
B) Lifting the Stabilisers 5 cm above the ground
is sufficient for checking the clearance between
external and internal sections.
C) Loosen the Friction Plates and move them just 4
to touch the internal section. 3
D) Then, fit shims to obtain a clearance of 1-1,5
mm.
If clearance is too short, the service life of the
plates 5
will decrease.
6
143
7
2 and 3 is as a set of Bottom Friction Plates.
1) External section
2) Stationary Friction Plates
3) Adjustable Friction Plates
4) Shims
5) Stationary Top Friction Plates
6) Stationary Top Friction Plates
7) Internal section
5.8.4 CHECKING THE ELECTROLYTE LEVEL OF BATTERY

Check the Electrolyte Level of Battery of a new machine after the first 50 hours of operation.
Then, check the Electrolyte Level of Battery according to INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE
CHART .
=WEAR HELMET, APPROVED

SAFETY GLASSES OR FACE
SHIELD, GLOVES AND OTHER
SAFETY EQUIPMENT WHEN WORKING
WITH BATTERIES.
= WORK IN A WELL VENTILATED AREA.
=BATTERY ELECTROLYTE (ACID) IS
CORROSIVE. IF IT COMES IN CONTACT
WITH SKIN, EYES OR CLOTHING, FLUSH
WITH LARGE AMOUNTS OF CLEAN
WATER AND SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL
HELP.
=BATTERY ELECTROLYTE (ACID)
PRODUCES HYDROGEN GAS THAT IS HIGHLY
EXPLOSIVE; DO NOT ALLOW SPARKS, FIRE
OR FLAMES TO COME NEAR AND DO NOT
SMOKE WHEN CHECKING THE
ELECTROLYTE LEVEL.
A) Place the machine on flat ground.
Apply the Parking Brake. Put the Drive

Control Lever into neutral. 10 15 mm
B) Open Battery Access Cover in Front of

the hood. See Figure .
C) Remove Battery Cell Caps and

visually inspect the Electrolyte
(Acid) Level. Proper Level is
10 ~ 15 mm ( 0,4 ~ 0,6)
above cell plates. See Figure .
D) If necessary, add each cell to proper level with
distilled water only.
144
Remove cables from Poles and clean with hot water. Coat each Pole with
a thin layer of petroleum jelly. Clean cables in similar way and reinstall
onto the Battery.
If cables are found to be in poor condition, replace with new ones immediately.
5.8.5 CHECKING THE ROPS/FOPS OPERATORS CABIN
This machine is equipped with Roll Over Protective Structure ( ROPS ) and
Falling Objects Protective Structure (FOPS).
WHEN ROPS/FOPS IS DEFICIENT OR ABSENT, OPERATION OF THE

MACHINE MAY CAUSE DEATH OR SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY.
NEVER USE THE MACHINE UNTIL THE OPERATORS CABIN IS REPLACED
AFTER A DAMAGE IN THE ROPS / FOPS RESULTING FROM AN ACCIDENT.
Do not make structural alterations or repairs that could be hazardous on

the Operators Cabin without the approval of manufacturer. Otherwise, the
ROPS / FOPS certification will expire.
Perform visual inspection on ROPS / FOPS for deficiency. Control the

condition an existence of the installation fasteners. Check the tightness of screws
and tighten to proper torque, if needed. Contact HDROMEK Authorised Services for
further support. The
operator may be killed or
injured severely if above
given precautions are not
taken.
145
ROPS / FOPS CAB
5.9 EVERY 100 HOURS INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE
The following procedures should be performed every 100 hours of operation.
5.9.1 CHECKING AND LUBRICATING THE PARKING BRAKE
1) Place the machine on flat ground. Lock the Parking Brake. Put the Drive Control Lever
into neutral.
2) Place the attachments on the ground and block the machine so that it can stay safe
even if the Parking Brake is not locked. Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key away.
3) Locate the Parking Brake Caliper on the Transmission under the machine beneath the
front of Operators Cabin.
ALWAYS THE MACHINE MUST BE SAFE BEFORE WORKING UNDER IT.

LOCK THE PARKING BRAKE; TAKE THE STARTER KEY AND KEY OF THE
BATTERY DISCONNECT SWITCH AWAY.
4) Lubricate the Clevis at the brake end of the Parking Brake Cable by an oiler.
146
5.9.2 GREASING
See The TABLE OF LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS For recommended greases. Grease all
points until clean grease overflows.
DANGER
BEFORE GREASING, PARK THE
MACHINE ON A HARD AND FLAT
SURFACE. LOCK THE PARKING BRAKE
AND PUT THE DRIVE CONTROL LEVER
TO NEUTRAL POSITION. LOWER THE
ATTACHMENTS TO REST ON THE
GROUND AND STOP THE ENGINE. BE
CERTAIN THAT THE ENGINE CAN NOT BE
STARTED ACCIDENTALLY. HANG A DO
NOT OPERATE WARNING ON THE
OPERATORS CONTROLS.
BRING THE BATTERY
DISCONNECT SWITCH TO
OFF POSITION BEFORE
GREASING. DO NOT ALLOW
ANYONE TO ENTER OR STAY
IN THE DANGER ZONE
DURING GREASING. FAILURE
TO FOLLOW THESE RULES
MAY RESULT IN SERIOUS
INJURY OR DEATH.
AXLE GREASING POINT
147
FRONT AXLE PIN GREASING POINT
5.9.2 GREASING (continued)
See The TABLE OF LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS For recommended greases. Grease all
points until clean grease overflows.
DRIVE SHAFTS
Rear axle drive shaft Front axle drive

shaft
148
GREASING POINTS OF AXLES
BACKHOE LEVER GREASING POINTS
TELESCOBIC DIPPER GREASING POINTS
5.10 EVERY 250 HOURS INSPECTION& MAINTENANCE
Perform every 8, 50, 100 operating hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures
along with the following 250 operating hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures.
5.10.1 REPLACING ENGINE FUEL PRE-FILTER
Pre-filter element is between the Filter top cover and the Bowl as seen in Figure .
CLEAN UP ALL SPILLED FUEL.

DIESEL FUEL IS FLAMMABLE, SPILLED FUEL CAN CAUSE FIRES.
1) Park the machine on a hard and flat place. Lock the

Parking Brake. Select neutral on the Drive Control Lever.
2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock Strut.
3) Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key.
4) Open side cover panel.
5) Locate the Fuel Pre-Filter on.
6) Put a tray under the Pre-Filter to catch spill of Diesel Fuel.
7) Clean the outside surface of the Fuel Pre-Filter assembly
very well. If a drain tap is fitted to the Pre-Filter Bowl, drain the
Fuel from the Pre- Filter. See Figure .
8) Hold the bottom cover of the Pre-Filter element and
remove the set screw which is fitted through the Pre-Filter
head above the centre of element.
9) Lower the Pre-Filter Bowl.
10) Remove the Pre-Filter element and discard it.
149
11) Clean the inner surfaces of the Pre-Filter head and the
Pre-Filter Bowl.
12) Renew the seals and lightly lubricate them with clean Fuel.
13) Place the Pre-Filter Bowl under the new element and hold the element squarely to the
Pre-Filter head. Ensure that the element is fitted in the centre against the seal in the Pre-
Filter head. With the assembly in this position, engage and tighten the set screw.
14) Start the Engine and check for Fuel leaks around the Pre-Filter.
15) Bleed the air if there is any in the fuel circuit according
to the instructions given in sectionBLEEDING AIR FROM FUEL SYSTEM.
USE FILTER ELEMENTS RECOMMENDED BY THE MANUFACTURER OF

THE ENGINE. USE OF A WRONG ELEMENT CAN CAUSE SERIOUS
DAMAGE ON THE FUEL INJECTION PUMP.
5.10.2 CHECKING THE DIFFERENTIAL OIL LEVEL OF THE AXLES

Check the Differential Oil Level of Axles of a new machine after the first 50 hours of
operation. Then, check the Differential Oil Level of Axles according to INSPECTION and
MAINTENANCE CHART
1) Position the machine on a hard and flat place. Lock the Parking Brake. Put the Drive
Control Lever into neutral. Bring the Loader Shovel and Backhoe Bucket down to the
ground. Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key away.
2) The place where the Fill / Level Plug is
located must be cleaned. Unscrew the Plug
out together with its Seal Washer. Oil should
be about to leak from the hole for proper
level. Fill to the proper level recommended
brand of gear oil, whenever required. Refer to
the TABLE of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS.
3) Clean and fit the Plug together with
washer back to its hole.
102S FRONT AXLE OIL LEVEL PLUG
150
102 S REAR AXLE OIL LEVEL PLUG
5.10.3 CHECKING THE OIL LEVEL IN HUBS
Check the Oil Level in Hubs, after the first 50 hours of operation. Then, check the Oil Level in
each Hub according to INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE CHART .
CHECK THE HUB OIL LEVEL

WHILE THE MACHINE IS AT
LEVEL.
IF THE MACHINE IS NOT AT LEVEL, OIL
LEVEL WILL NOT BE CORRECT.
P
Each Hub must be checked one by one.
1) Position the machine on a flat surface, so that the Oil Level line is positioned
horizontally as shown in Figure .
2) Lock the Parking Brake. Put the Drive Control Lever into neutral. Lower the Loader
Shovel and Backhoe Bucket down to the ground. Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key.
151
3) The place where the Fill / Level Plug (P) is located must be cleaned. Unscrew the Plug
out together with its Seal Washer. Oil should be about to leak from the hole for proper level.
Fill recommended brand of gear oil to the proper level. Refer to the TABLE of LUBRICANTS
&FLUIDS.
4) Clean and fit the Plug together with Washer back to its hole.
Perform every 8, 50, 100, 250 hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures along
with the following 500 operating hours Inspection & Maintenance procedures.
Change the Engine Oil and Filter of a new machine after the first 50 hours of operation.
Then, change the Engine Oil and Filter according to INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE
CHART.
See OIL CHANGE INTERVAL TABLE to determine the Oil changing interval
according your operating conditions.
See OIL VISCOSITY GRADE CHART to determine the Oil Grade

according to your operating conditions.
5.11.1 CHANGING ENGINE OIL

A) Park the machine on a hard and flatplace.
B) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety

Lock Strut.
C) Stop the Engine after running until the oil is

warm enough if it is cold.
152
ENGINE OIL DRAIN PLUG
ENGINE OIL FILTER
DO NOT CHANGE THE OIL

IMMEDIATELY AFTER YOU STOP
THE ENGINE. THE OIL WILL BE EXTREMELY
HOT. ALLOW THE ENGINE TO COOL DOWN
FOR A WHILE.
OIL LEVEL ON LEVEL DIPSTICK
5.11.1 CHANGING ENGINE OIL (contunied)
D) Place a suitable container under the Engine oil sump.
E) Open side cover panel.
F) Locate and remove the sump drain plug and its O-Ring and drain the lubricating oil from
the sump. See Figure . Ensure that the O-Ring is not damaged.
G) Fit the drain plug and its "O" ring and

tighten the plug to 34 Nm (25 Ibf ft) 3,5 kgf
m after the Engine oil has drained.
H) Remove Oil Filler Cap and refill the

sump with new and clean Engine Oil of
recommended brand and type to the
UPPER" notch on the Dipstick with new
and clean lubricating oil. See Figure on the
previous page and refer to the TABLE of
After refilling Oil, check Oil Level, replace Oil Filler Cap, replace the
Dipstick and close side cover panel.
5.11.2 OIL CHANGE INTERVALS
153
Oil change intervals in the above given table are based on normal working conditions. Under
heavy conditions and dusty environment, oil change and maintenance intervals should be
shortened. Perform maintenance more frequently.
Maintenance intervals are only applicable if the Fuel and Lubricants are
as specified in this manual.
Depending on the Sulphur content, change the Oil in your Engine
according to the below given table.
Sulphur content Oil changing interval

LESS THAN 0,5 % Normally 500 hours
BETWEEN 0,5 % - 1,0 % normal interval 375 hrs
HIGHER THAN 1,0 % normal interval 250 hrs
5.11.3 OIL VISCOSITY GRADE
Recommended oil viscosity grades for particular climates are given below in OIL VISCOSITY
GRADE CHART. Select the most proper grade in the chart for your climate.
ALWAYS ensure that the correct viscosity grade of Engine lubricating oil is used for
the ambient temperature range in which the Engine will run as shown in the chart.
154
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
5.11.4 CHANGING ENGINE OIL FILTER
1) Park the machine on a hard and flat place.

2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the

Safety Lock Strut.
3) Stop the Engine after running until the oil

is warm enough if it is cold.

5) Put a tray under the Filter to catch spill of
Engine Oil.
6) Remove the Filter Cartridge by a strap

wrench or similar tool and discard the Filter
Cartridge. Ensure that the Adaptor is secure
in the Filter Head.
Check the waste oil. If there

are metal chips or dust mixed
withoil, contact your
Authorised HDROMEK Service.
The Oil Filter can not be used again since it is
cartridge type.
7) Clean the filter head.
155
8) Lubricate the top of the Cartridge Seal with clean Engine Oil.
9) Fit the new Cartridge and tighten it by hand only. Do not use a strap wrench.
10) Remove the tray and discard the old

lubricating oil.
11) Ensure that there is enough Oil in the
Sump. Check it again by the Dipstick.
12) On turbocharged engines, ensure that
the Engine will not start until the Oil
Pressure is obtained. To ensure that the
Engine will not start disconnect the electrical
stop control of the Fuel Injection Pump. Turn
the Starter Switch to III (START) position
and keep it there without exceeding 20
seconds limit until the Engine Oil Pressure
Light turns off.
13) Start the Engine after reconnecting the
electrical stop control of the Fuel Injection
Pump. Check for Engine Oil leaks around
the Filter. Re-check the oil level after the
Engine is cool and add oil if necessary.
5.11.5 CHECKING AND ADJUSTING ENGINE VALVE CLEAR ANCE

Have the Engine Valve Clearance checked and adjusted by HIDROMEK Authorised Service
every 500 operating hours.
ENGINE VALVE ADJUSTMENT IS AN OPERATION THAT SHOULD BE

PERFORMED BY AUTHORISED SERVICES EXCLUSIVELY.
Engine Valve Clearance:
Inlet 0,20 mm (0,008) Exhaust 0,45 mm (0,018)
5.11.6 CHECKING AND ADJUSTING THE ENGINE IDLE SPEED

Idle or maximum speed settings of the Engine has already been adjusted by electronic
equipment. Changing these settings ( idle and max. speed ) by the operator or by an
unauthorised service or mechanics are extremely dangerous since this may damage the
Engine and Transmission.
IF THE SEALS ON THE INJECTION PUMP ARE BROKEN BY

UNAUTHORISED PEOPLE OR SERVICE, WARRANTY IS VOID AND NULL
FOR THE FAILURES ATTRIBUTABLE TO THIS.
156
SIMILARLY, IF THE SEALS ON THE IDLE SPEED ADJUSTMENT SCREWS ARE
BROKEN BY UNAUTHORISED PEOPLE OR SERVICE, WARRANTY IS VOID AND NULL
FOR THE FAILURES ATTRIBUTABLE TO THIS.
5.11.7 CHANGING ENGINE FUEL FILTER

ELEMENT
Filter element is in the casing (4) under the Filter head on
the left hand side of the Engine as seen in the Figure.
The Filter element has an internal thread (2) at the top
and is fastened to a threaded adaptor in the Filter head.
See Figure .
CLEAN UP ALL SPILLED FUEL.

DIESEL FUEL IS FLAMMABLE, SPILLED
FUEL CAN CAUSE FIRES.
1) Place the machine on flat ground. Lock the Parking

Brake. Put the Drive Control Lever into neutral.
2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock

Strut. Either place the backhoe bucket on the ground or
lock it on the sideshift frame.
THE PRE FILTER CANISTER AND MAIN FILTER

ELEMENTS MUST BE RENEWED TOGETHER.
157
DO NOT ALLOW DIRT TO ENTER FUEL SYSTEM. BEFORE A CONNECTION IS
REMOVED, CLEAN THOROUGHLY THE AREA AROUND THE CONNECTION. AFTER A
COMPONENT HAS BEEN DISCONNECTED, FIT A SUITABLE COVER TO ALL OPEN
CONNECTIONS.
3) Stop the Engine and take the Starter Key away.
5) Locate the Fuel Filter on the Engine.
6) Place a tray under the fuel filter assembly to collect spilt fuel.
7) Thoroughly clean the outer surface of Engine Fuel Filter assembly.
FUEL FILTER
5.11.7 CHANGING ENGINE FUEL FILTER ELEMENT (continued)
8) Loosen the drain device at the bottom of the

filter and allow the water/fuel to drain into the tray.
See Figure.
USE FILTER ELEMENTS

RECOMMENDED BY THE
MANUFACTURER OF THE ENGINE.
USE OF A WRONG ELEMENT CAN CAUSE
SERIOUS DAMAGE ON THE FUEL INJECTION
PUMP.
9) Loosen the filter casing. Remove the casing and

element from the filter head.
10) Remove the filter element from the casing. Press down on the filter element against the
spring pressure and rotate it to left to release it from the filter casing (4). Then, discard it.
11) Put the new filter element inside the

casing and press it down against the spring
pressure, rotate it to the right to lock it into
the casing.
12) Fit a new seal (3) to the casing and

apply clean fuel lightly on seal face.
13) Ensure that the thread on the inside of

the Filter element is not damaged.
14) Fit the Filter assembly to the Filter head

and tighten by hand until it contacts the
Filter head. Tighten the assembly a further 1/4 of a turn by hand. Do not use a strap wrench.
158
15) Close the drain tap and remove the
tray.
16) Before the Starter Motor is engaged,

operate the lift pump for one minute to bleed
air from the Fuel Filter. Read BLEEDING
AIR OF THE FUEL SYSTEM.
17) Start the Engine and check for Fuel

leaks around the Filter.
TIGHTEN FILTER BY HAND
5.11.8 BLEEDING THE FUEL SYSTEM
If the air enters the Fuel system, it must be bleed before the Engine is started.
Air can enter the system if :
l The Fuel Tank runs out of Fuel during normal operation.

l The low pressure Fuel pipes are disconnected.
l Low pressure side of the Fuel system leaks while the Engine is
running.
If the Engine stops due to air in the Fuel system, check that you have
enough fuel in the Tank and repair any leakages.
In order to bleed the air from the fuel system, proceed as follows:
The Delphi DP210 fuel injection pumps on Perkins 1104C-44T engines

will automatically bleed the fuel system when the Starter Key is held at
ON (I) position for 3 minutes.
Operate the Engine at low idle speed for a minimum of 2 minutes

immediately after air has been removed from the fuel system. This will
ensure that the pump is free of air and prevent any damage to the
internal parts of the pump because of metal to metal contact.
If the Engine runs properly for a short time and then stops or runs
roughly, check for air in the Fuel System. If there is air in the Fuel
System, possibly, there is a leakage in the low pressure side of the
system.
159
5.11.9 CHANGING THE HYDRAULIC RETURN FILTER
Change the Hydraulic Tank Return Filter of a new machine after the first 50-100 hours of
operation. Then, change the Hydraulic Tank Return Filter according to INSPECTION and
MAINTENANCE CHART every 500 hours of
operation.
NEVER CHANGE OIL OR FILTER

OF A MACHINE THAT HAS JUST
STOPPED WORKING. THE OIL
WILL BE EXTREMELY HOT.
ALLOW THE MACHINE TO COOL UNTIL
OIL AND FILTER ARE WARM NOT HOT
BEFORE CHANGING.
RELEASE THE RESIDUAL HYDRAULIC

PRESSURE BEFORE WORKING ON ANY
HYDRAULIC COMPONENT AFTER
STOPPING THE ENGINE.
HYDRAULIC RETURN FILTER
NEVER CHECK FOR
HYDRAULIC FLUID LEAKS WITH

YOUR HANDS, USE A PIECE OF
PAPER OR CARDBOARD INSTEAD.
VERY TINY (PIN HOLE) LEAKS CAN
RESULT IN A HIGH VELOCITY OIL
STREAM THAT WILL BE INVISIBLE
CLOSE TO THE HOSE. ESCAPING
160
FLUID UNDER PRESSURE CAN PENETRATE THE SKIN AND CAUSE A SERIOUS
INJURY. IF ANY FLUID IS INJECTED INTO YOUR SKIN, ASK MEDICAL HELP AT ONCE.
A) Park the machine on a hard

and flat place. Lock the Parking
Brake. Extend the stabilisers and
retract the telescopic dipper. Bring
the Loader Shovel and Backhoe
Bucket down to the ground. Stop
the Engine and take the Starter
Key.
B) Release the residual pressure
trapped in the Hydraulic System by
moving the Hydraulic Control
Levers while the Engine is
stopped.
C) Release the Hydraulic Tank
Pressure by loosening the
Hydraulic Tank Cap.
D) Unscrew the Hydraulic Return
Oil Filter Cover with an appropriate
spanner.
5.11.9 CHANGING THE HYDRAULIC RETURN FILTER (continued)
E) Remove the Hydraulic Return Oil Filter and its Housing together by holding the wire
handle.
F) Discard the Filter element and clean the Housing thoroughly. Check the O-Ring and
replace if necessary.
G) Check the Filter cover O-Ring and replace if necessary. Install a new Filter element in
the Housing.
H) Then fit the Housing back.
I) Screw the Cover by hand and then slightly tighten with a spanner.
DO NOT OVER TIGHTEN THE COVER since this may damage the
Cover.
5.11.10 CHANGING THE TRANSMISSION OIL FILTER
Change the Transmission Oil Filter of a new machine after the first 50 and 100 hours of
operation. Then, change the Transmission Oil Filter according to INSPECTION and
MAINTENANCE CHART every 500 hours of operation.
1) Park the machine on a hard and flat place. Place the Backhoe Bucket on the ground.
Lock the Parking Brake.
2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock Strut. Stop the Engine and remove the
Starter Key and Key of the Battery Disconnect Switch.
161
3) Locate the Transmission Oil Filter under
the machine beneath the front of Operators A
Cabin.
4) Remove the Filter (B) by rotating it
counterclockwise using a strap wrench or
similar tool and discard it.
5) Apply a thin coat of Transmission Oil to
seal (C).
6) Fit a new Filter.
7) Rotate Filter clockwise until it just touches
the Filter Head.
8) Screw the Filter on 3 / 4 of a turn more.
B
9) Add the system new and clean Oil
through the Dipstick / Filler Pipe (A). Do not
add over the TOP mark on the Dipstick. Use
only recommended Oil. Refer to the TABLE
of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS.
10) Start and run the Engine at idle for a

period of five minutes. Stop the Engine. Wait
for a minute and re-check the Oil Level by the C
Dipstick. Add Oil, if necessary.
Always use genuine HIDROMEK Transmission Oil Filter. Low

quality filters cause the damage to the Transmission and if this is a
trouble cause, it will be out of WARRANTY.
5.11.11 CLEANING AND CHANGING OPERATORS CABIN HEATER AIR

FILTER
The heater air filter is located on the right outer side of the operators cabin while sitting on
the Operators Seat and facing forward. There are 2 air filter elements in the cabin heater air
filter.
A) Park the machine on a hard and flat place. Lock parking brake. Place the loader shovel
and backhoe bucket on the ground. Put the Drive Control Lever into neutral. Stop the Engine
and take the Starter Key away.
B) Rotate and remove 2 securing knobs (1) on the intake screen. (2).
C) Pull and take out intake screen (2).
D) Remove 2 heater air filter elements (3) by pulling from their rubber lips.
E) Check the condition of air filter elements (3) and clean or replace accordingly.
F) Refit 2 heater air filter elements (3). Place intake screen (2) through 2 studs and fit 2
securing knobs (1) on studs and secure them.
162
3
3
1
Cabin
heater
air filter
can be
cleaned
by
shaking
or directing compressed air and re-used after cleaning approximately 10 times or it
should be changed every year.
DO NOT use compressed air at a pressure more than 3 Bars for cleaning. Washing the
elements in organic solutions or petrol is strictly forbidden.
In the case that the operating environment is very dusty, change or clean the
elements more frequently.

Perform every 1000 operating hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures
according to INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE CHART.
5.12.1 CHANGING TRANSMISSION OIL AND CLEANING THE STRAINER
1) Place the machine on hard and flat ground. Put the

Backhoe bucket on the ground. Lock the Parking Brake.
2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock

Strut. Stop the Engine and remove the Starter Key and
Key of the Battery Disconnect Switch.
3) Locate the Transmission Oil Drain Plug on the

Transmission that is located under the machine, beneath
the front of Operators Cabin.
163
4) Put a container that can take at least 15 litres (3,3 gal.) of Oil under Drain Plug (B).
Remove Drain Plug (B) and its washer. Allow the Oil to drain out. Fit the Drain Plug using a
new sealing washer.
5) Unscrew bolts (D). Take out the Strainer

C D
(E) and its Gasket (C). Clean the
Strainer with a suitable solvent. Comply with
the safety instructions from solvent A E
manufacturer.
6) Fit the Strainer (E) and a new Gasket (C).

Apply Loctite to bolts (D) and then fit and
tighten.
7) Add the system new and clean Oil through

the Dipstick / Filler Pipe (A). Do not add over
the TOP mark on the Dipstick. Use only
recommended Oil. Refer to the TABLE of
8) Start and run the Engine at idle for a

period of five minutes. Stop the Engine.
Wait for a minute and re-check the Oil Level
by B
the Dipstick. Add Oil, if necessary.
THE MACHINE MUST BE SAFE BEFORE WORKING UNDER IT. APPLY THE
PARKING BRAKE; TAKE THE STARTER KEY WITH YOU, ATTACH A TAG
DO NOT OPERATE IN THE CAB.
5.12.2 CHANGING THE DIFFERENTIAL OIL OF THE AXLES
CHECK THE AXLE OIL LEVEL WHILE THE MACHINE IS AT LEVEL. IF THE
MACHINE IS NOT AT LEVEL OIL LEVEL WILL BE CHECKED INCORRECTLY.
1) Position the machine on a hard and flat place.

Lock the Parking Brake. Put the Drive Control
Lever into neutral. Bring the Loader Shovel and
Backhoe Bucket down to the ground. Stop the
Engine and take the Starter Key. A
2) Locate the Drain Plugs (B) of each Axle Put a
suitable container under the Drain Plugs (B) See
B
Figures. 102B FRONT AXLE PLUGS
164
3) Unscrew the Drain Plugs (B) together with their seals. Let oil to flow out. The drain
plug should be cleaned as it is magnetic. Especially, metal fragments must be taken away
carefully.
4) Fit drain plug (B) together with its washer

and tighten to 79 Nm ( 58 Ibf ft ).
5) The places where the Fill / Level Plugs (A) A

are located must be cleaned. Unscrew the Plug
out together with its Seal Washer. See Figures .
102B REAR AXLE PLUGS

6) Fill in recommended brand of gear oil
through Fill / Level holes (A). See TABLE of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS for the
recommended Oil. Refer to CHECKING THE DIFFERENTIAL OIL LEVEL OF THE
AXLES for proper Oil Level.
7) Clean and screw Plugs (A) together with their

seals. Tighten them to 79 Nm ( 58 Ibf ft ).
A
B
Rear Axle Differential Oil of 102B 102S FRONT AXLE PLUGS
model is drained together with the
Axle Hub Oil by positioning the Hub
Fill/Level Plugs at the bottom and then
unscrewing them. See CHANGING THE OIL OF
HUBS.
F
A
B
102S REAR AXLE PLUGS
HUB OIL DRAIN PLUG
5.12.3 CHANGING THE OIL

OF HUBS
Change the Oil in each Hub one by one. F
1) Raise the machine sufficient to take the

tyres off the ground.
165
FILL & LEVEL PLUG
2) Turn the wheels by hand to position the Oil Level lines on the Hubs in the lowest
position at the most bottom.
3) Put a suitable container under the Plugs (F) to collect the Oil.
4) Unscrew Fill / Level Plugs (F). Let the Oil flow out by waiting until the casing is empty.
5) Turn the wheels manually to position the Oil Level lines horizontally.
6) Fill in recommended brand of gear oil from the Fill / Level Holes (F). Refer to the
TABLE of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS for the recommended Oil. Oil should be nearly
leaking from the hole for proper level.
7) Clean and screw Fill / Level Plugs (F) on.
THE HUB OIL LEVEL MUST BE CHECKED WITH THE MACHINE AT LEVEL,
OTHERWISE OIL LEVEL WILL BE CHECKED INCORRECTLY.
5.12.4 CHANGING THE HYDRAULIC OIL
Change the Hydraulic Oil in the Hydraulic Oil Tank by removing the Plug at the bottom of the
Tank every 1000 hours of operation. Refill
Hydraulic oil of recommended brand and
type through the Tank Cap. Refer to
CHECKING HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL for
S
proper Hydraulic Oil Level. Refer to the TABLE
of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS for the
recommended Oil.
5.12.5 CHANGING & CLEANING THE

SUCTION STRAINER
O-RNG FLANGE
Suction Strainer (S) is screwed on a flange
under the hydraulic tank. Suction strainer
should be checked at every Hydraulic Oil
166
P
SUCTION STRAINER
changing. If it is in good condition it may not be replaced. If it is deformed, it must be
replaced with a new one.
1) Drain the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank by removing the plug at the bottom.
2) Remove the hose from the flange pipe (P) behind the tank.
3) Remove the flange together with the Suction Strainer (S) by removing 4 flange bolts.
4) If the Suction Strainer (S) is not deformed remove the deposits on the folds of Suction
Strainer (S) by using a non-metal bar and clean the Strainer (S) by washing it in kerosene.
Then, dry the Strainer (S).
If the Suction Strainer will not be replaced it should not be removed

from its flange.
5) Check the O-Ring on the flange. Replace, if necessary.

6) Fit the assembly to the Hydraulic Oil Tank.
7) Re-fit the flange bolts and tighten them.
8) Re-fit the hose to the flange pipe (P) behind the tank.
9) Refill Hydraulic oil of recommended brand and type through the Tank Cap. Refer to
CHECKING HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL for proper Hydraulic Oil Level. Refer to the TABLE of
LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS for the recommended Oil.
fuel tank
Suction strainer
Drain plug
Perform every 2000 operating hours Inspection and Maintenance procedures

according to INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE CHART.
5.13.1 DESCRIPTION OF COOLANT
1) Use soft water with the antifreeze in the Cooling System. Water hardness should not be
higher than 100 ppm ( 10 F ). Water hardness higher than 100 ppm causes scale formation
in the Cooling System. This reduces the Cooling System efficiency and heat transfer,
resulting in poor Engine performance and/or costly repairs and loss of work power. Use of
water contaminated with dust and mud causes clogging of the Cooling System. Apart from
this, it causes pitting corrosion on the cylinder outer walls in contact with the contaminated
coolant.
167
2) Use Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze which meets below given Standards. Commercially
available antifreezes contain corrosion inhibitors which prevents the corrosion of the Cooling
System.
Commonly used corrosion inhibitor additives are Sodium Nitrite / Sodium Benzoate.
ASTM D 3306-89 or AS 2108 Ethylene Glycol Based Engine Coolant BS 6580 Antifreeze
Adjust the initial dosage of the soft water/ antifreeze mixture to 50 % antifreeze and 50 %
water. Do not let the antifreeze concentration
drop below 40 % during the later checks.
Corrosion inhibiting additives can not protect
the Cooling System against corrosion if the
antifreeze content drops below the % 40.
The specific gravity of the Coolant must be
checked at least once a year, eg. Before the
winter season.
Antifreeze must be changed each 2 years due
to the depletion of the corrosion in inhibiting
additives.
Antifreeze mixture is obtained by mixing the
antifreeze with certain amount of soft water.
Do not use an antifreeze concentration higher
than given in above chart since this adversely
A PERCENTAGE of ANTIFREEZE (by
affects the Cooling System.
volume)
B MIXTURE TEMPERATURE F
3) Even if frost protection is not required, use C SPECIFIC GRAVITY
water and antifreeze mixture at recommended D MIXTURE TEMPERATURE C
concentration as the boiling temperature of
the Coolant will be increased and corrosion
will be prevented accordingly.
COOLANT FILLING CAP

It is of pressure type ( 0,5 Bar ). It also prevents the vacuum formation through a valve when
the Cooling System gets cold.
The Coolant Filling Cap rotates more than standard radiator caps when
fitting or removing.
5.13.2 CHANGING COOLANT
1) Position the machine on a hard and flat place. Place the Backhoe on the ground. Apply
the Parking Brake.
2) Lift the Loader Arm up and install the Safety Lock Strut. Stop the Engine and remove the
Starter Key. Disconnect the Battery. Leave the Engine for cooling down.
3) Remove both the side cover panels.
4) Rotate the Heater Temperature Knob on the

Right Hand Side Instrument Panel clockwise to
its maximum position. See HEATER /
DEFROSTER FAN SWITCH in DESCRIPTION
Chapter.
168
5) Remove the Filler Cap of the Cooling System slowly allowing the pressure to release.
6) Place an appropriate container under the Radiator and Engine to collect the Coolant that
will be drained.
THE PRESSURE IN THE

COOLING SYSTEM IS HIGH
WHEN THE ENGINE IS HOT.
ALLOW THE ENGINE TO COOL DOWN
PRIOR TO REPLACING THE COOLANT.
OTHERWISE, HOT FLUID WILL HARM
YOU BY BURNING
7) Locate and remove the Drain Plug on

the right hand side of the Engine Block in
order to drain the Coolant from the
Engine carefully. See Figure . Ensure
that the Drain Hole is not restricted.
8) Locate and remove the Radiator
Drain Plug at the bottom of the Radiator
to drain the Radiator. Alternatively, the
hose at the bottom of the Coolant
Reservoir can be removed and lowered
down to drain the Cooling System.
See Figure .
9) If necessary, flush the Cooling System
with clean water. In the case that the contaminants can not be removed by fresh water use
Power Part Easy Flush (21820122) flushing agent.
10) Fit the Drain Plug (s) and/or connect the Coolant Reservoir Hose.
11) Fill the Coolant that is prepared according to the instructions given in DESCRIPTION of
COOLANT. For the proper Coolant amount see TABLE of LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS.
12) Start the Engine and keep it at idle. Add coolant if needed.
13) Fit and rotate the Filler Cap to tighten.
14) Re-start and rotate the Engine until operating temperature is reached. Look for
leaks also.
15) Re-check Coolant Level according to the instructions given in CHECKING COOLANT
LEVEL.
5.14 MISCELLANEOUS
5.14.1 REPLACING FUSES
Replace the BLOWN or FAULTY fuses while the Engine is stopped and the Starter Switch
is at OFF position according to the below given procedures:
1) Locate the Fuse Box Lid on the front part of the Right Hand Side Console Open the Fuse
Box Lid Lock by pushing in the both ends of the Fuse Box Lid Lock. See Figure.
2) Open Fuse Box Lid by moving it forward. See Figure . Now, you have access to the Fuse
Box.
3) Locate and remove the FAULTY fuse. Replace the Fuse with a new Fuse in the same
amperage.
169
NEVER REPLACE A FAULTY FUSE WITH
ANOTHER FUSE IN HIGHER AMPERAGE.
NEVER USE A JUMPER INSTEAD OF A FUSE.
4) Refer to
the the Plate
near the Fuse
Box or to the
Figure on the
next page for
Fuse
amperage and
their
Functions.
NEVER
REPLACE A
FAULTY
FUSE WHILE
THE
STARTER
SWITCH IS
AT ON POSITION
OR WHILE THE
ENGINE IS RUNNING.
FAILURE TO HEED MAY
RESULT IN SERIOUS
MATERIAL DAMAGE.
170
5.14.2 REPLACING LIGHT BULBS
171
Replace the BLOWN or FAULTY light bulbs while the Engine is stopped and the Starter
Switch is at OFF position according
to the below given procedures:
1) Turn off the switch of the light

whose bulb is blown or faulty.
2) Remove the Ceiling Light Assembly

by prying it at its edge using a screw driver or a similar tool.
After removing the Ceiling Light Assembly try to determine the cause
of the fault unless the light bulb is blown definitely. As problems in
electrical circuitry, especially contact points on the light bulb
may cause faults in lighting.
3) Push and rotate the FAULTY Light Bulb counter-clockwise to remove it. Replace the
Light Bulb with a new Light Bulb in the same capacity.
4) Refer to below given table for correct capacity of Light Bulbs.
LIGHT BULBS
HEAD LIGHTS LOW/HIGH BEAM 55 / 60 W
WORKING LIGHTS 55 W
WARNING LIGHTS 2W
DIRECTION INDICATOR LIGHTS 21 W
PARKING LIGHTS 5W
CEILING LIGHT (IN CAB ILLUMINATION) 5 W
ROTATING BEACON 55 W
NEVER REPLACE A FAULTY LIGHT BULB WITH ANOTHER LIGHT BULB IN

HIGHER CAPACITY.
5.14.3 MAINTENANCE OF AIR-CONDITIONER (Optional)
172
Keep air filter and condenser of the air conditioner clean for long service life. Air filter is
located behind the filter cover on the frontal side of cabins roof. Once a month, remove the
screws of the cover and pull the cover to open. Clean the filter with detergent water and refit
after drying.
Washing with organic solvent
(gasoline, trichlene, thinner, etc.) is
strictly prohibited.
Replace the filter when it is clogged frequently or
damaged seriously.
Air conditioning condenser is in front of the engine
radiator. Clean the condenser with pressurized water or
air once a week. Clean more frequently under heavy
working conditions or in dusty environment.
USING HIGH PRESSURE WATER OR AIR

(ABOVE 3 BARS) WHEN CLEANING THE
AIR
CONDENSER MAY DAMAGE THE CONDITIONER
CONDENSER. SWITCH
CHECKING THE REFRIGERANT OF THE AIR

CONDITIONER: FAN
SPEED
1) Start the Engine and adjust the Engine Throttle to CONTROL
1500 1600 rpm. SWITCH
2) Set the machine to the conditions shown below when
checking the refrigerant.
Air-Conditioner Switch :ON
Air-Conditioner Fan Speed Switch :3 (Very Fast)
Doors/Windows : Closed
3) Follow the procedure below and check the refrigerant
volume by looking through the sight glass on the upper
part of receiver-dryer.
DESCRIPTION
A- Figure A beside displays that the
refrigerant volume is proper.
B- Figure B displays that the refrigerant
is over charged. This will lead to extreme
high and low pressures and exert bad After the air conditioner is turned on,
little bubbles appear. The refrigerant
influence on the pressure switch operation becomes transparent, then turns a
as well as the air conditioning system itself. light milky white.
C- Figure C displays the refrigerant is
OVER
insufficient. Have the refrigerant recharged CHARGED
at your HDROMEK authorized service.
HFC-134a that is a new type of
refrigerant with different No bubles are visible after the air
characteristics than conventional conditioner is turned on.
CFC-12 is filled in this air
conditioning system. Do not mix INSUFFICIENT
HFC-134a with CFC-12. Keep the air conditioner
ready for use all year round. Operate the air Conditioner
at least once every week for several minutes to rotate
the compressor regardless of the season. This will After the air conditioner is turned on,
avoid leaks of the refrigerant gas at compressor sealing. bubbles appear continuously.
6. SPECIFICATIONS
173
The specifications found in this section are given on the Standart HMK 102 series Hydraulic
Backhoe Loaders as manufactured by HDROMEK CO., LTD. No modifications or options
are taken into consideration with respect to these specifications.
6.1 Technical Specifications of HMK 102S
ENGINE DIESEL 4 Stroke AXLES

MANUFACTURER PERKINS (England) MAX-TRAC Differantial
TYPE 1104C 44T Planet type reduction
CONFIGURATION n - line Front axle total oscillation 160
No. of Cylinder 4 TIRES
Bore x Stroke 105 x 127 mm Front : 16,9/14x28PR 38 psi (2,6 bar)
Displacement 4400 cm3 Rear : 16,9/14x28PR 38 psi (2,6 bar)
Rated OUTPUT 100 HP (74,5 kW)
Wheel nut torque 68010 Nm
(Acc. to ISO/TR 14396) 2200 rpm
306,08 lbf.ft
Max TORQUE BRAKES
(415 Nm) at 1350 rpm
Oil immersed, self adjusting multi discs
Firing Order 134-2
in rear axle
ASPIRATION Turbocharged
COOLING Water cooled PARKING BRAKE
Very low emission, Hand operated, acts on the rear axle
Low noise STEERING
FEATURES Cold Start aid kit Hydrostatic, load sensing
2 phase paper filter with
dust seperator
Electrically controlled A) 2 wheel steer
Easy, low cost
maintenance
3 steering modes B) 4 wheel steer
TRANSMISSION C) Crab steer
FULL POWERSHIFT Oil cooled HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Torque Convertor Stall
ratio 2,52 : 1 Equipped with high gear efficiency, tandem pump
101 lt/min max
Electrically controlled 2 & 4 wheel drive Main pump oil flow
230 bar
Auto shift to 2 wheel
at gears 3th and 4th Second pump 50 lt/min max 210 bar
drive
Steering column mounted gear lever
Hyd. Oil cooling by oil cooler
without clutch
4 GEARS in either forward & reverse Return filter type Full flow
Engine START in NEUTRAL only Return filter size 10 m
DRIVING SPEEDS Engine at 2200 rpm Suction filter size 90 m
1rst GEAR 5 km/ h FEATURES
nd
2 GEAR 9 km/ h Power modulation valve automatically
3hrd GEAR 21 km/ h matches hydraulic power to the varying
th
4 GEAR 40 km/ h digging conditions, Elc control HSC valve
FEATURES (contd) Options
174
4 way type ISO+ std. loader& backhoe levers Air conditioner, Telescopic dipper,
optional left hand lever aux relief, anti-shock, Hydraulic breaker line
anti-cavitation valves Optional attachments
OPERATORS CAB Tilting fork on loder bucket, forklift attchm.
ROPS, FOPS structure Noise & heat insulaton, grading blade, log grab, trapezoidal ditch
Vibration protected, walk through 2 doors bucket, clamshell grab, ripper, hyd. breaker,
acess, fully or partially opening front window, hyd. auger, concrete mix shovel, tilting
bucket, roto sweeper, snow blower,
Side windows, heater, air blower,
hydraulic water pump
Multi speed adjustable windscreen wiper &
washer, twin rear mirrors, headlights &
(SAE) LOADER PERFORMANCE
Max bucket breakout
working lights, Ergonomic adjustable
force 6.994 Kgf
Max loader arm
& rotating operators seat.
breakout force 6.231 Kgf
Lifting capacity at max
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM height 3.014 Kg
12 V DC , NEGATVE GROUND (SAE) BACKHOE PERFORMANCE
BATTERY 165 Ah low maintenance Bucket ram Max Breakout force
LIGHT BULBS Standard dipper 5.429 Kgf
Head light low/high
beam
55 / 60 W Teleskopic dipper 5.558 Kgf
Working lights 55 W Arm breakout force
Warning lights 2W Standard dipper 2.815 Kgf
Brake & indicator lights 21 W Teleskopic dipper 2.703 Kgf
Tail lights 5W Lifting capacitiy at max height
Rotating beacon 55 W Standard dipper 1.645 Kg
In cab illumination 5W Teleskopic dipper 1.517 Kg
WEIGHT
HMK102S std. Loading bucket
8.700 kg 1,1 m3
equipment capacity
CAPACITIES (lt) Backhoe bucket options
Engine oil 11 Size (mm) Capacity ISO (m3)
Coolant 25 350 0,08
Fuel tank 120 400 0,09
Hydraulic tank 120 500 0,11
Transmission oil 12 600 0,14
Front & Rear axle 14 / 16 700 0,18
Wheel hubs 4 x 1,9 800 0,22
* Contact your local HDROMEK dealer, for your special requirements.
HMK 102 S Working ranges & dimensions ( in mm)
175
HMK 102 S Working ranges & dimensions ( in mm)
176
G1: 1.905 mm
G2: 2.340 mm
6.2 Technical Specifications of HMK 102B
177
ENGINE DIESEL 4 Stroke AXLES
MANUFACTURER PERKINS (England) MAX-TRAC Differantial
TYPE 1104C 44T Planet type reduction
CONFIGURATION n - line Front axle total oscillation 160
No. of Cylinder 4 TIRES
Bore x Stroke 105 x 127 mm Front: 12,0/80x18PR 58 psi (4,0 bar)
Displacement 4400 cm3 Rear: 16,9/14x28PR 38 psi (2,6 bar)
Rated OUTPUT 100 HP (74,5 kW)
Wheel nut torque 68010 Nm
(Acc. to ISO/TR 14396) 2200 rpm
306,08 lbf.ft
Max TORQUE BRAKES
(415 Nm) at 1350 rpm
Oil immersed, self adjusting multi discs
Firing Order 134-2
in rear axle
ASPIRATION Turbocharged
COOLING Water cooled PARKING BRAKE
Very low emission, Hand operated, acts on the rear axle
Low noise STEERING
FEATURES Cold Start aid kit Acting on front wheel hyrostatic load sense
2 phase paper filter with
dust seperator
Max steering angle 450
Easy, low cost
maintenance
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
TRANSMISSION Equipped with high gear efficiency, tandem pump
101 lt/min max
FULL POWERSHIFT Oil cooled Main pump oil flow
230 bar
Torque Convertor Stall
ratio 2,52 : 1 Second pump 50 lt/min max 210 bar
Electrically controlled 2 & 4 wheel drive Hyd. Oil cooling by oil cooler
Auto shift to 2 wheel
at gears 3th and 4th Return filter type Full flow
drive
Steering column mounted gear lever
Return filter size 10 m
without clutch
4 GEARS in either forward & reverse Suction filter size 90 m
Engine START in NEUTRAL only FEATURES
DRIVING SPEEDS Engine at 2200 rpm Power modulation valve automatically
1rst GEAR 5 km/ h matches hydraulic power to the varying
nd
2 GEAR 9 km/ h digging conditions, Elc control HSC valve
hrd
3 GEAR 21 km/ h
th
4 GEAR 40 km/ h
FEATURES (contd) Options
178
4 way type ISO+ std. loader& backhoe levers Air conditioner, Telescopic dipper,
optional left hand lever aux relief, anti-shock, Hydraulic breaker line
anti-cavitation valves Optional attachments
OPERATORS CAB Tilting fork on loder bucket, forklift attchm.
ROPS, FOPS structure Noise & heat insulaton, grading blade, log grab, trapezoidal ditch
Vibration protected, walk through 2 doors bucket, clamshell grab, ripper, hyd. breaker,
acess, fully or partially opening front window, hyd. auger, concrete mix shovel, tilting
bucket, roto sweeper, snow blower,
Side windows, heater, air blower,
hydraulic water pump
Multi speed adjustable windscreen wiper &
washer, twin rear mirrors, headlights &
(SAE) LOADER PERFORMANCE
Max bucket breakout
working lights, Ergonomic adjustable
force
7.030 Kgf
Max loader arm
& rotating operators seat.
breakout force
6.082 Kgf
Lifting capacity at max
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM height
2.935 Kg
12 V DC , NEGATVE GROUND (SAE) BACKHOE PERFORMANCE
BATTERY 165 Ah low maintenance Bucket ram Max breakout force
LIGHT BULBS Standard dipper 5.429 Kgf
Head light low/high
beam
55 / 60 W Teleskopic dipper 5.558 Kgf
Working lights 55 W Arm breakout force
Warning lights 2W Standard dipper 2.815 Kgf
Brake & indicator lights 21 W Teleskopic dipper 2.703 Kgf
Tail lights 5W Lifting capacitiy
Rotating beacon 55 W Standard dipper 1.645 Kg
In cab illumination 5W Teleskopic dipper 1.517 Kg
WEIGHT
HMK102B std. Loading bucket
8.400 kg 1,1 m3
equipment capacity
CAPACITIES (lt) Backhoe bucket options
Engine oil 11 Size (mm) Capacity ISO (m3)
Coolant 25 350 0,08
Fuel tank 120 400 0,09
Hydraulic tank 120 500 0,11
Transmission oil 12 600 0,14
Front/rear axle 7,6 / 23 700 0,18
Front hubs 2 x 1,9 800 0,22
* Contact your local HDROMEK dealer, for your special requirements.
HMK 102 B Working ranges & dimensions ( in mm)
179
HMK 102 B Working ranges & dimensions ( in mm)
180
G1: 1.780 mm
G2: 2.210 mm
6.3 LIFTING REGULATIONS AND SAFE WORKING LOADS (SWL)
181
6.3.1 LIFTING REGULATIONS
Safe Working Load is defined as the maximum load a lifting equipment or device can lift
safely in a particular situation taking into account such factors as wind load, extremes of
temperature and load sail area, and may be equal to or less than the rated capacity or
rated load.
The employer and operator must be certain that they realize the codes and terms of Backhoe
Loader operation as an earthmover and as a crane especially and they must be able to
demonstrate this. Contact your HDROMEK Dealer for more information.
The Backhoe Loader is defined as a Load Shifting Equipment by laws or

regulations valid in certain countries. Therefore, these laws should be
considered when operating the Backhoe Loader as a crane in such
countries.
You must not use your machine in lifting as a crane when suitable hoisting
equipment(e.g.:hook, eye) is not fitted on. However, it can be utilized in moving earth
exclusively.
You can use your machine in lifting as a crane when suitable hoisting equipment (e.g.:hook,
eye) that is inspected, marked and documented for SWL is used after complying with the rest
of the demands of regulation distinctively. Contact with your HDROMEK Dealer. Otherwise,
your machine can not be used in the handling of objects.
6.3.2 SAFE WORKING LOADS

NEVER TAKE THE SAFE WORKING LOAD GIVEN ON HOISTING EQUIPMENT SUCH
AS SHACKLES, CHAINS, HOOKS, ETC. INTO CONSIDERATION BECAUSE THIS IS
NOT RELATED TO THE SAFE WORKING LOAD OF THE MACHINE. REFER TO THE
OPERATING & MAINTENANCE MANUAL OF YOUR MACHINE FOR THE SAFE WORKING LOAD
OF THE MACHINE.
LOADER END
The maximum load to be lifted by the loader end for craning is 1.000 Kg.s (2.205 lb.s) at all.
The maximum safe working load for both forklift attachment and crane hook fitted on forks is
1.000 Kg.s (2.205 lb.s) at 500 mm (20 inches) load center in forklift operation.
SAFE FORKLIFT WORKING LOADS
Multi-Purpose Clam Safe Spacing of forks

Shovel equipped with Working load Minimum maximum
forks 1.000 Kg (2.205 lb) 240 mm (9 in) 1.475 mm (4 ft 10 in)
The safe working load is at 500 mm.s (20 in.s) centre. Fork spacing dimensions are taken at
the outside edges of the forks.
Fork width is 80 mm.s (3 in.). Fork length is 1.000 mm.s (40 in.)
6.3.2 SAFE WORKING LOADS (Continued)
182
BACKHOE END
See the below given table when lifting with bucket for Safe Working Loads. Never forget that
below given table is valid in the case that the bucket is installed on if a load will be handled
by the backhoe end. The ratings in the table are taken at the backhoe bucket hinge pin,
loader shovel and stabilizers on hard and flat ground. Machine is equipped with 600 mm
(23,6 in.) standard bucket, standard or telescoping dipper, and standard equipment. If there
is a limit (relief pressure) on the hydraulic system of the backhoe the actual lifting capacity
will be higher than the tested lifting capacity that is given in the chart whenever the stability is
not affected negatively.
For more information on lifting regulations and checking operations contact your HDROMEK
Dealer.
HMK 102 B SAFE WORKING LOADS - BACKHOE END
A
Boom Angle 90
Boom
Angle
0
h
M
Reach (A)
DIPPER At 3 m, At max At 3 m At max
POSITION (kg) (kg) (kg) (kg)
(h) height
0m 1200 630 2100 1100
Standard 1m 1300 650 1700 1150
2m 1100 700 1300 1200
Telescobic 0m 950 520 1000 900
retracted 1m 950 530 1000 950
2m 950 550 1000 1000
Telescopic 0m 950 300 1100 410
extended 1m 960 330 1200 420
2m - 350 - 430
183
6.3.2 SAFE WORKING LOADS (contd)
HMK 102S SAFE WORKING LOADS - BACKHOE
A
Boom Angle 90
Boom
Angle
0
h
M
Reach (A)
DIPPER At 3 m At max At 3 m At max
POSITION (kg) (kg) (kg) (kg)
(h) height
0m 13200 7630 2100 1150
Standard 1m 14300 750 1700 1200
2m 12100 850 1300 1250
Telescobic 0m 1000 540 1000 810
retacted 1m 1000 560 1000 870
2m 1000 600 1000 900
Telescopic 0m 970 300 1100 410
extended 1m 1000 330 1200 420
2m - 350 - 430
6.4 SOUND and VIBRATION
SOUND
Sound Presure Level at Operators Position 78 dB (A)
Air Borne Sound Power Level 102 dB (A)
VIBRATION
Weighted RMS acceleration 1,5 m/s
Sound levels are measured according to dynamic test
conditions described in 86/662/EC Regulation.
184
The vibration value is the average value for a machine doing typical Backhoe Loader work
such as Driving on asphalt road, driving on rough terrain, digging by the Backhoe unit as well
as loading by the Loader end.
The documentation given together with the attachment must be used in providing further
information on the operation of your machine together with other HDROMEK attachments.
7. OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT
7.1 GENERAL
USE OPTIONAL ATTACHMENTS DESIGNED, MANUFACTURED OR

APPROVED BY HIDROMEK ONLY. THE USE OF ANY OPTIONAL
ATTACHMENT, NOT APPROVED BY HIDROMEK CAN CAUSE SERIOUS
PERSONAL INJURY AND DAMAGE TO THE MACHINE AS WELL AS ITS COMPONENTS
OF WHICH SERVICE LIFE CAN ALSO BE IMPAIRED BY OVERLOADING.
There are several optional attachment choices to improve the versatility of your HDROMEK
Backhoe/Loader. HDROMEK strictly recommends the operation of optional attachments that
have received the written approval of HDROMEK. Contact your HDROMEK Dealer for the
Optional Attachments that are available to your machine.
The Hydraulic System, kinematics, safe load limits and attachment connection locations of
the machine are taken into consideration during the design of attachments that are
manufactured or approved by HDROMEK. HDROMEK can not be held responsible for the
damage and injury caused by the use of any other attachment that is not approved by
HDROMEK. Moreover, the utilization of attachments that are not approved by HDROMEK
will affect warranty of the machine.
READ, UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS IN THE MANUAL

OF THE OPTIONAL ATTACHMENT BEFORE FITTING, OPERATING OR
SERVICING IT. IF THERE IS ANYTHING NOT CLEAR OR UNDERSTOOD
CONSULT YOUR HDROMEK DEALER.
General Information on the operation of certain optional attachments are given in this
Chapter of the manual. Test the operation of the attachment after fitting before starting to
use.
You have to consult your HDROMEK Dealer if the Hydraulic System of your machine
requires modification to operate the optional attachment efficiently. Only qualified servicemen
from HDROMEK Dealer who are trained for this purpose can modify the Hydraulic System of
the machine.
There are restrictions of operation over all optional attachments for hoisting and handling
capacity, kinematics, hydraulic pressure and flow, etc. Compare the data of the attachment
that is either supplied separately or given on the data plate of the attachment with the data of
the machine given in SPECIFICATIONS Chapter of this manual.
WHENEVER THE MACHINE IS EQUIPPED WITH ATTACHMENTS OF WHICH

PARTS CAN HIT OR TOUCH THE MACHINE CHECK THE CLEARANCE AND
USE EXTREME CAUTION TO PREVENT ANY DEFICIENCY.
185
The list of optional attachments that will improve the productivity of your machine is
given in the SPECIFICATIONS Chapter of this manual. Should you need any attachment
other than the listed attachments contact your HDROMEK Dealer.
7.2 TILTING FORKS
DRIVE CAREFULLY WHEN THE

FORKS ARE TIPPED DOWN AS
THEY CAUSE SAFETY HAZARDS
WHEN THEY SUSPEND IN FRONT OF THE
MACHINE. EACH FORK IS APPROXIMATELY
53 Kg.(117 Lbs.). USE EXTREME CAUTION
WHEN ROTATING THEM OVER THE
SHOVEL.
WHEN THE FORKS ARE ROLLED DOWN
ACCIDENTS MAY BE CAUSED AS THE
LOAD CAN SLIDE DOWN. HOLD THE
LOADED FORKS ROLLED BACK.
IN THE CASE THAT THE FORKS AND THE
LOADER SHOVEL ARE USED
SIMULTANEOUSLY THE FRONT OF THE
MACHINE CAN BE LOADED EXTREMELY.
NEVER OPERATE WITH THE FORKS WHEN
THE SHOVEL IS LOADED WITH MATERIAL.
The control of Forks is available by moving the

Loader Control Lever.
Move the Controls gently with caution during
operation with Forks. Adjust the distance
between Forks to the widest suitable for the
load. Travel gently with caution if the Forks are
laden. The Forks must be positioned as low as
possible to the ground and rolled back on the
drive under load.
SETTING FORKS UP FOR OPERATION

A) Place the Clam Shovel approximately
175 mm (7) over the ground and tilted down a little. See Figure.
B) Take out Quick Pin (1) and Fork Lock Pin (2) and move the Forks to the exit of Fork
installation brackets.
C) Turn the Forks over the Shovel by hand until the Fork Frame is placed on the
Shovel.
D) Take a strong hold of the Fork Tine, let the Tine come down by its own weight
until the bending of the Fork lies on the Cutting Edge of the Shovel.
E) Position each fork tine at equal distance from the centerline of the Shovel.
F) Install the Fork Lock Pins (2) and Quick Pins (1) to the Fork Frame.
186
Fork Lock Pin (2) and Quick Pins (1) must be installed prior to start
operating with the Forks. Failure to heed may cause the Catching of
Fork bends by the Clam in particularly exceptional cases.
7.2 TILTING FORKS(contd)
WHEN THE CLAM IS LIFTED UP AND THE SHOVEL IS TILTED BACK

RAPIDLY WHILE THE FORK TINES ARE SECURED IN OPERATIONAL
POSITION THE FORK TINES WILL BE SPINED OVER THE BACK OF SHOVEL. NEVER
SPIN THE FORK TINES OVER THE SHOVEL TO THE BACK BY MOVING THE CLAM
AND SHOVEL. FAILURE TO HEED MAY CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY AS WELL AS
EQUIPMENT DAMAGE. ALWAYS RAISE AND ROTATE THE FORK TINES OVER THE
SHOVEL BY HAND. MOVE THE CONTROLS GENTLY WITH CAUTION WHILE
OPERATING WITH TILTING FORKS.
SETTING FORKS UP FOR TRAVEL
A) Take out Quick Pin (1) and Fork Lock Pin (2).
B) Rotate each Fork tine over the Shovel and lock them in their blockage brackets on the
backside.
C) Install the Fork Lock Pins (2) and Quick Pins (1). See Figure .
ADJUSTMENT OF THE SPACE BETWEEN FORK TINES
A) Lift or lower the Loader Arm to have the Fork tines almost in horizontal position.
B) Position the Loading Shovel in order to suspend the Fork tines freely.
C) Slide the Fork tines on their Mounting Bar to adjust the space between each other to
fit the load.
MAINTENANCE
A) Clean while cleaning the machine.
B) Inspect for damage.
C) Grease the Fork Mounting Bar when needed. See TABLE of LUBRICANTS &
FLUIDS for proper grease.
187
7.3 HYDRAULIC BREAKER
There are several optional hydraulic attachments to improve the production of the Backhoe
end. The illustration gives the installation of a Hydraulic Breaker. Similar principles are valid
for all other attachments. Contact your HDROMEK Dealer who will be pleased to reply on
the Optional Attachments that are available to your machine.
Instructions on the installation of attachments that are mounted on the Backhoe directly are
given below. The procedure of removing is the reverse of the mounting procedure.
IF THIS JOB IS DONE BY TWO PERSONS, MAKE SURE THAT THE OPERATOR
IS PROFICIENT. SAFETY HAZARDS WILL RESULT FROM OPERATINAL
ERRORS OR AGGRESSIVE USE. FAILURE TO HEED MAY RESULT IN DEATH
OR PERSONAL INJURY.
It is easy to do this job by two persons as one can operate the machine
while the other one fits the pins.
PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLATION OF HYDRAULIC BREAKER
1) Place and stabilize the Hydraulic

Breaker on firm level ground as seen
in Figure beside so that it can not
move easily. Use proper lifting
equipment that is safe and in sufficient
capacity to set the Hydraulic Breaker.
2) Position the machine in order to
align the Dipper end with the Bracket
of the Hydraulic Breaker.
3) Lock the Parking Brake and put the Drive Control Lever into neutral.
PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLATION OF HYDRAULIC BREAKER

1) Place and stabilize the Hydraulic Breaker on
firm level ground as seen in Figure beside so that
it can not move easily. Use proper lifting
equipment that is safe and in sufficient capacity to
set the Hydraulic Breaker.
2) Position the machine in order to align the
Dipper end with the Bracket of the Hydraulic
Breaker.
3) Lock the Parking Brake and put the Drive
Control Lever into neutral.
4) Move the Controls to Position the hole (1) of
the Dipper in line with the hole (1) on the Bracket
188
of the Hydraulic Breaker. Apply grease to the pin (A) and insert it into the hole. Secure pin (A)
with the bolt.
5) Move the Controls to Position the hole (2) of the Bucket Link in line with the hole (2) on
the Bracket of the Hydraulic Breaker. Apply grease to the pin (B) and insert it into the hole.
Secure pin (B) with the bolt.
6) Prepare to complete the installation by moving out or extending the Dipper and Boom as
seen in the Figure.
7.4 HYDRAULIC AUGER
Hydraulic Auger is a hydraulically driven optional attachment which is fitted to the Dipper of
HMK Series Backhoe/Loaders after removing the Backhoe bucket. HDROMEK Hydraulic
Auger does not require maintenance and repair for a long time because of its simple and
rugged design.
It is easy to do this job by two

persons as one can operate the
machine while the other one fits the pins.
PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLATION OF

HYDRAULIC AUGER
1) Remove the Backhoe bucket.
2) Place and stabilize the Hydraulic Auger

on hard flat ground so that it can not
move easily. Use proper lifting equipment
that is safe and in sufficient capacity to
set the Hydraulic Auger.
3) Position the machine in order to align the

Dipper end with the Bracket of the
Hydraulic Auger.
4) Lock the Parking Brake and put the Drive

Control Lever into neutral.
1&2 : Bucket Pins

A&B : Pin Holes
C : Hydraulic Motor
D : Planetary Reducer
E : Auger Connection Pin.
189
ALWAYS FULLY RETRACT AND LOCK THE TELESCOPIC DIPPER BEFORE
INSTALLING HYDRAULIC AUGER ON THE TELESCOPIC DIPPER (OPTIONAL) FOR
OPERATION.
7.4 HYDRAULIC AUGER (contd)
5) Install the pins to the Bracket of Hydraulic Auger so that the connections of hydraulic
motor of the Hydraulic Auger are positioned opposite to the machine. Operate the Controls
to Position the hole (A) of the Bucket Link in line with the hole (A) on the Bracket of the
Hydraulic Auger. Apply grease to the pin (1) and insert it into the hole. Secure pin (1) with the
bolt.
6) Operate the Controls to Position the hole (B) of the Dipper in line with the hole (B)
on the Bracket of the Hydraulic Auger. Apply grease to the pin (2) and insert it into the hole.
Secure pin (2) with the bolt.
7) Prepare to complete the installation by moving the Dipper out and lifting the Boom up
as seen in the Figure at the bottom of page 195.
8) Stop the Engine.
9) Move the Auxiliary Attachment Control Pedal a few times to relieve pressure blocked
in the system.
10) Clean the ends of hydraulic connections and remove the plugs if there are any. If your
machine is equipped with Quick Fit/Release Hydraulic Couplings check whether they
match with the connection couplings on the hose of the Hydraulic Auger.
NEVER CHECK FOR HYDRAULIC FLUID LEAKS WITH YOUR HANDS, USE A
PIECE OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD INSTEAD. VERY TINY (PIN HOLE) LEAKS
CAN RESULT IN A HIGH VELOCITY OIL STREAM THAT WILL BE INVISIBLE
CLOSE TO THE HOSE. ESCAPING FLUID UNDER PRESSURE CAN PENETRATE THE
SKIN AND CAUSE A SERIOUS INJURY. IF ANY FLUID IS INJECTED INTO YOUR SKIN,
ASK MEDICAL HELP AT ONCE.
11) Match and Connect the hydraulic hoses to the piping on the Dipper of the
Backhoe/Loader correctly.
12) Start the Engine.
13) Move and operate the Hydraulic Auger for a few minutes to build up hydraulic
pressure by moving the Auxiliary Attachment Control Pedal while keeping the Auger
vertical to the ground. Pay attention to the movement of hoses that should not be tensioned
during this trial operation.
14) Stop the Engine and check for leaks in accordance with the above safety warning.
Read TELESCOPIC DIPPER ( Optional ) in Chapter 4 OPERATION for further information if

your machine is equipped with Telescopic Dipper.
190
REFER TO THE OPERATING MANUAL OF THE HYDRAULIC AUGER
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.
ABOVE GIVEN PROCEDURE APPLIES TO HDROMEK HYDRAULIC AUGERS ONLY.
HINTS ON THE OPERATION OF HYDRAULIC AUGER
If your machine is equipped with a Telescopic Dipper it is recommended to keep the

Telescopic Dipper in retracted position when operating the Hydraulic Auger. Length of the
hydraulic hoses are sufficient for operation with the Telescopic Dipper in retracted position.
1) Bring the machine equipped with Hydraulic Auger to the place that will be drilled while
paying attention to position the Backhoe side towards the place that will be drilled.Take
necessary safety precautions.
2) Lock Parking Brake and put the Drive Control Lever into neutral.
3) Extend the Stabilisers according to the inclination of the hole to be drilled.
4) Release the Backhoe Lock.
5) Operate the Backhoe Controls to Position the Hydraulic Auger at the exact location of the
hole to be drilled.
6) Rotate the Hydraulic Auger in the desired direction of rotation and speed by moving the
Auxiliary Attachment Control Pedal valve in the Operators Cabin. Care must be taken to
keep the Auger vertical to the ground when operating.
7) Lower the Boom down in harmony with the lowering speed of the Hydraulic Auger.
8) Whenever the Auger is stuck in the ground reverse the direction of rotation and raise the
Boom of Backhoe.
Avoid overloading the Hydraulic Auger by the cylinders if it could not penetrate into the
ground due to the characteristics of ground.
MAINTENANCE OF THE PLANETARY REDUCER GEAR BOX

You may carry out the maintenance daily or periodically.
A) Clean while cleaning the machine.
B) Check for damage.
C) Grease the Oscillating Pin on the Bracket of Hydraulic Auger. See TABLE of
LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS for proper grease.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
After the first 100 hours operation, drain the oil and rinse the inside of the gearbox and gears
with a recommended oil. Then, drain rinsing oil and re-fill the gearbox with recommended
gearbox oil.
For ease of oil flow, drain the gearbox oil when it is hot.Depending on the intensity of work,
replace the gear oil at each 2000 2500 hours or once a year.
Do not add different oils to the planetary gearbox. Oil level must be
checked periodically at least once a month.
RECOMMENDED OIL for LUBRICATION
191
Depending on the environmental conditions, use ISO 3448, VG 150 200, MOBIL SHC 630
oil in the Planetary Gearbox.
7.5 WATER PUMP
Hydraulic Water Pump is a hydraulically

driven optional attachment which is
connected to the auxiliary hydraulic circuit of
HMK Series Backhoe/Loaders. Both pressure
and return hydraulic quick couplings are
located on the Sideshifting Frame of Backhoe
for connecting the attachment to the hydraulic
system.
Hydraulic attachments can be controlled

either by a push button switch located on left
hand side of Backhoe Control Lever or by a
toggle switch (Auxiliary Valve Switch) located
on the left hand side of the Backhoe Control
Console. This switch must be pressed on to
operate the optional auxiliary circuit
continuously.
DO NOT FORGET TO SWITCH

OFF AUXILIARY VALVE SWITCH
WHEN NOT IN USE. OTHERWISE, EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND
NOISE AS WELL AS OVERHEATING OF HYDRAULIC OIL MAY TAKE PLACE
CONSEQUENTLY.
PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLATION OF HYDRAULIC WATER PUMP
1) Lock the Parking Brake and put the Drive Control Lever into neutral.
2) Stop the Engine.
3) Turn the Starter Switch to ON (I) position.
4) Move the Auxiliary Valve Switch a few times to relieve the pressure that may be
blocked in the system.
5) Clean the ends of hydraulic connections and remove the plugs if there are any. If
your machine is equipped with Quick Fit/Release Hydraulic Couplings check
whether they match with the connection couplings on the hoses of the Hydraulic
Water Pump.
6) Match and Connect the hydraulic hoses to the piping on the Sideshifting Frame of
the Backhoe/Loader correctly.
192
7) Start the Engine.
8) Operate the Hydraulic Water Pump for a few minutes to build up hydraulic
pressure by pressing on the Auxiliary Valve Switch. Pay attention to the
movement of hydraulic hoses that should not be tensioned during this trial
operation.
7.6 LOG GRAB
7.7 GRADING BLADE
193
7.8 AIR COMPRESSOR
The air compressor is an optional equipment and serves to tire inflatation. It is

mounted on a separate frame. The air compressor is hydro-motor driven. The
compressor and hydro-motor must be mounted in line. It is important and be careful
with the axis of the components when mounting.
1. Compressor capacity is 70 cm3 at 1000 rpm revolution max. Do not forget to

fill the compressor oil pan. Oil level depends on the level of the dipstick.
SHELL RiMULA X 15W/40 or PETROL OFS TURBO DZEL EXTRA 15W/40
engine oil is recommended for this purpose.
a. Air pump displacement is 8.2 cm3 and hydro-motor displacement is
9.5 cm3 . Maximum permissible engine revolution is 1150 rpm.
b. ATTENTION ! The troubles of the air compressor are out of
WARRANTY , if the engine revolution is exceeding 1150 rpm.
c. Check the compressor oil level every 50 working hours.
d. Add oil if the oil level is low.
2. The hydro-motor hydraulic supply line is consist of an 3/8 hose and a single
solenoid energized valve.
3. The warning buzzer buzz, while the air compressor is on.
4. CAUTION: It is recommended to stop the air compressor to cool, after working
period of 1 hour. For protection of overheating, wait for an hour to cool the
compressor.
194
5.
For
hydraulic safety, the pressure sensor is adjusted to 100 bars. The valve
solenoid is energized by this sensor. The hydraulic pressure returns directly to
hydraulic tank, when the pressure exceeds 100 bars.
6. The air pressure relief is adjusted for 4.5 bar

(65 psi) discharge air pressure and a
manometer mounted to check the tire inflate
pressure.
7. DO NOT RE ADJUST THE RELIEF
PRESSURE. IT IS FIXED FOR
4.5 bar (65 psi).
8. It is recommended to
slacken the air valve,
while inflate the tire.
195
7.9 FORKLIFT ATTACHMENT & CLAMSHELL BUCKET
7.10 TRAPEZOID DITCH BUCKET
196
7.11 RIPER
7.12 HYDRAULIC BREAKER
197
7.13 SIDE SHIFT BUCKET
7.14 CLAMSHELL GRAB
198
7.15 WINCH
7.16 STREET SWEEPER
199
7.17 SNOW SWEEPER
200

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ENERGY SERIES

READ, UNDERSTAND AND FOLLOW ALL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN IN

PUBLICATION NO: Y10/12276

2.3 PRE-START SAFETY................................................................................. 14

2.4 SAFETY DURING OPERATION................................................................. 20

2.5 INSPECTION & MAINTENANCE SAFETY ............................................... 28

2.6 BATTERY SAFETY..................................................................................... 32

2.8 PROHIBITED MACHINE OPERATION....................................................... 38

2.9 END of WORK SHIFT SAFETY............................................................... 40

5.6 TABLE OF LUBRICANTS & FLUIDS ......................................................... 124

5.7 PRE-START (EVERY 8 HOURS) INSP.& MAINT....................................... 125

5.8 WEEKLY (EVERY 50 HOURS) INSP. & MAINT. ..................................... 137

6.2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS HMK 102B............................................... 173

6.3 LIFTING REGULATIONS AND SAFE WORKING LOADS......................... 177

6.4 SOUND AND VIBRATION.......................................................................... 179

HIDROMEK warrants this product against defects in material or workmanship

Performing repairs or replacements under warranty is subject to submission

Damages resulting from operation of the machine by operators without a valid

Radio/Cassette Players / CD Players, Glasses, Mirrors, Pins, Bushings, Belts,

HIDROMEK reserves the right to make alterations or modifications on the

Fuel must be EURODIESEL or equivalent according to standard EN 590.

Thank you for selecting our Backhoe Loaders.

HDROMEK ASKS THAT YOU READ and UNDERSTAND THE

Special equipment and attachments are not included in this Manual.

DIRECTIONS: LEFT and RIGHT

MAIN COMPONENTS OF BACKHOE LOADER

a) DANGER: Indicates an extremely hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will

b) WRONG: This symbol indicates a prohibited action or hazardous location. Failure to

These substances must be kept, transported,

1.6 WARNING SYMBOLS

The following table explains the meanings of the

2.1 GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION

ALWAYS KEEP THIS MANUAL IN THE OPERATORS CAB.

1. Most machinery accidents are due to negligence of precautionary measures and

2.2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1.Read and understand all Warning Plates and Decals

2. Always wear protective shoes when working around

4. If possible, make all repairs with the machine parked

Majority of failures that occur during machine

2.3.1 OBSERVE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

2.3.2 WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

2.3.3 READ and UNDERSTAND THE

2.3.4 KEEP OPERATING MANUAL IN

2.3.5 BE ALERT FOR EMERGENCIES

2.3.7 PRE-START INSPECTION

2.3.8 SIGNS, SIGNALS & FLAGMEN

2.3.9 KEEP FIRE AWAY FROM FUEL

2.3.10 GET IN AND OUT OF THE

2.3.11 APPLY PARKING BRAKE BEFORE

If the Parking Brake is not applied, the machine may

Lever Locks should ALWAYS be

The Lever Locks can ONLY be released

2.3.13 USE PROPER ATTACHMENT

Read, understand and follow all instructions in the

Contact your HDROMEK Dealer for the Optional

2.4 SAFETY DURING OPERATION

Machine must be used by the skilled operators

2.4.1 STARTING THE ENGINE

DO NOT short circuit the starter circuit or battery to start the

2.4.3 FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT

2.4.7 LOADER ARM and

2.4.8 OPERATING ON INCLINES &

Operation of this machine on a slope may

Safe Working Load with

ENERGY Opr & Maintenance Rev04

ENERGY Opr & Maintenance Rev04