B767/34/307

ADFS

Boeing 767-200/300
Automatic Direction
Finder System
Training manual

For training purposes only

LEVEL 3 ATA 34 page 1
04 - 09 - 2012
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Training manual ADFS

This publication was created by Sabena technics training de-

partment, Brussels-Belgium, following ATA 104 specifications.
The information in this publication is furnished for informational
and training use only, and is subject to change without notice.
Sabena technics training assumes no responsibility for any
errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this publication.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a re-
trieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of Sabena technics training.

Contact address for

course registrations
course schedule information

Sabena technics training

training@sabenatechnics.com

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL..................................................................................................6

2. COMPONENT LOCATION.........................................................................8

3. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION..................................................................10
3.1. Dual ADF Control Panel........................................................................10
3.2. ADF Receiver.........................................................................................10
3.3. ADF Antennas......................................................................................12
3.4. Audio Selector Panels...........................................................................12
3.5. Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator........................................................14
3.6. EHSI - ADF Display.................................................................................14

4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION........................................................................16

5. SELF-TEST...............................................................................................20
5.1. Automatic Self-Test...............................................................................20
5.2. Manual Self-test...................................................................................20

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

ADF FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM...................................................................................... 19 ADF Automatic Direction Finder

AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL........................................................................................................ 13 BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER RECEIVER............................................................................. 11
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM................................................................................. 7 CW Continuous Wave
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM ANTENNA............................................................... 13 DME Distance Measuring Equipment
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM - COMPONENT LOCATION........................................ 9 EFIS Electronic Flight Instrument System
AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM - SELF TEST............................................................. 21 EHSI Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator
DUAL ADF CONTROL PANEL................................................................................................... 11
RADIO DISTANCE MAGNETIC INDICATOR............................................................................... 15 FT Feet
ILS Instrument Landing System
LRU Line Replaceable Unit
NCD No Computed Data
NDB Non-Directional Beacon
QEC Quadrantal Error Correction
RDMI Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator
RF Radio Frequency
RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator

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1. GENERAL.

The automatic direction finder (ADF) system serves as a navigational aid to

determine the relative bearing to a selected ground station with respect to the
airplane center line, and to provide audio reception to the flight crew. The ADF
system is normally used with standard a/m broadcast stations.

To operate the system, it must be tuned to a ground station in the 190 to

1750 kHz radio frequency band.

A tuning capability and ADF bearing displays are provided in the flight
compartment.
Received audio is transmitted to the flight interphone system.

The dual ADF system consists of two independent ADF receivers, each
receiving its input from a dedicated antenna.
Both receivers can operate simultaneously and be tuned to different ground
stations.

Each receiver sends its computed relative bearing to both RDMIs, and all three
EFIS symbol generators.
The audio is sent to the flight interphone system : it may be the audio
identifier of a non-directional beacon (NDB) station or the program of a
commercial broadcast station.
Actuation of the BFO (Beat Frequency Oscillator) switch to the ON position will
cause a 1020 Hz tone to be injected for CW (Continuous Wave) RF reception.

Frequency selection is accomplished from the dual ADF control panel.

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BEARING DATA TO L & R RDMI

AND L, R & C EFIS SGS

LEFT ADF ANTENNA

LEFT ADF RECEIVER

AUDIO TO FLIGHT
INTERPHONE SYSTEM

BEARING DATA TO L & R RDMI

AND L, R & C EFIS SGS
DUAL ADF CONTROL PANEL

RIGHT ADF ANTENNA

RIGHT ADF RECEIVER

AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM
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2. COMPONENT LOCATION.

Left and right ADF circuit breakers are located on the overhead circuit breaker
panel (P11) in the flight compartment.

The left ADF antenna is located on the top of the aft fuselage, at station 1122.

The right ADF antenna is located on the top of the aft fuselage at station
1165.

The left and right ADF receivers are located on rack E5-1 in the mid equipment
center.

The ADF control panel is located on the aft electronics panel (P8) in the flight
compartment.

The left radio distance magnetic indicator is located on the captains

instrument panel (P1-1).

The right radio distance magnetic indicator is located on the first officers
instrument panel (P3-1).

The SYS No. 1 air/ground relay K124 is located in the left miscellaneous
electronic equipment panel (P36).

The SYS No. 2 air/ground relay K214 is located in the right miscellaneous
electronic equipment panel (P37).

The left horizontal situation indicator is located on captains instrument panel

(P1-2).

The right horizontal situation indicator is located on first officers instrument

panel (P3-2).

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CAPTAINS INSTRUMENT PANEL (P1)

LEFT RDMI
LEFT EHSI R ADF ANTENNA
STA 1165
FIRST OFFICERS INSTRUMENT PANEL (P3) L ADF ANTENNA
RIGHT RDMI STA 1122
RIGHT EHSI
AFT ELECTRONICS PANEL (P8)
ADF CONTROL PANEL

OVERHEAD CIRCUIT BREAKER PANEL (P11)

LEFT AND RIGHT ADF CIRCUIT BREAKER

RIGHT MISC ELEC EQUIP PNL (P37)

SYS N 2 AIR/GND RELAY K214

MID EQUIPMENT
CENTER RACK E5-1
LEFT AND RIGHT
ADF RECEIVERS

LEFT MISC ELEC EQUIP PANEL (P36)

SYS N 1 AIR/GROUND RELAY K124

AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM - COMPONENT LOCATION

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3. COMPONENT DESCRIPTION.

3.1. Dual ADF Control Panel. 3.2. ADF Receiver.

The purpose of the ADF control panel is to select the frequencies and the BFO The purpose of the ADF receiver is to receive directional and non-directional rf
tone. signals in the 190-1750KHz frequency range from the ADF antenna,
to process them, to compute the bearing and to transmit bearing information
- Frequency selector : to the RDMIs and audio output to the flight interphone system.

Two frequency selectors are provided, one for each ADF receiver. - Status indicators :
Each frequency selector consists of three concentric knobs.
The outer knob selects the thousands and hundreds of kHz ; Three LED status indicators are provided on the front panel.
A red light CONTROL INPUT FAIL indicates control input fault.
- the center knob the tens of kHz; A green light LRU STATUS - PASS indicates proper receiver operation,
- and the inner knob the units and and a red light LRU STATUS - FAIL indicates receiver failure.
- 0.5 of kHz. These indicators illuminate only when the front panel test switch is
actuated.
- Selected frequency display :
- Self-test switch :
Two five-digit LCD displays are provided to indicate the selected
frequencies; one for the frequency selected by the left selector and the The momentary pushbutton switch test is provided to initiate a self-test.
other one for the frequency selected by the right selector.
- Fault Memory (Optional) :
- BFO tone selector :
A fault memory is provided to record faults.
A switch is provided for each ADF receiver to activate the BFO tone Fault recording is done by flight segments.
generator. Recorded fault readout is done during bench testing to external test
equipment through the ATE connector.

NOTE : The ADF control panel assembly contains electrostatically sensitive

parts and must be handled accordingly.

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OBSERVE PRECAUTIONS
FOR HANDLING
ELECTROSTATIC
SENSITIVE
DEVICES

SELECTED
FREQUENCY
(TYP)

FREQUENCY
SELECTOR
(TYP) STATUS LIGHTS

SELF-TEST
PUSHBUTTON
SWITCH

DUAL ADF CONTROL PANEL

FOLD-AWAY HANDLE

HOLD DOWN HOOK

AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER RECEIVER

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3.3. ADF Antennas. Precipitation-Static Protection.

The purpose of the ADF antenna is to receive rf signals from a ground station,
to amplify them and to transmit them to the ADF receiver.
Enclosed in a tear-drop shaped shell, the ADF antenna contains the loop and
the sense antennas, and an electronics assembly with amplifiers for each
antenna.
Loop Antenna.
The loop antenna provides the directional signals. It consists of two mutually
perpendicular loops (one sine loop and one cosine loop) mounted on a
rectangular ferrite core.
The sine loop is mounted parallel to the longitudinal axis of the airplane.
The cosine loop is perpendicular to it.
Sense Antenna.
RF input is provided by the non-directional sense antenna.
It consists of a printed circuit mounted beneath the top surface of the unit.
Transmission Line & Connector.
The transmission line is connected to the antenna by means of a 16-pin
circular connector.
Each of the loop and the sense antennas is connected to the ADF receiver
through a shielded 78 ohm 2-wire cable.
Power is supplied over three wires.
The power wires are a twisted pair.
The third wire is a ground wire.
All cables and wires form one integral shielded bundle.
The length of the interconnecting cables is not critical.
The top surface of the antenna is covered with conductive antistatic paint for
the purpose of providing precipitation-static protection.
To enable the precipitation-static charge to drain off, a good bond between
the precipitation-static coating and the fuselage skin through the mounting
screws is required.
Additionally, a conductive gasket is used between the antenna and the
fuselage.
The bonding resistance measured between the indicated measuring point and
the airplane skin should be less than the allowable maximum value of
0.0015 ohm.
3.4. Audio Selector Panels.
The audio selector panel permits the flight crew to select an audio system for
transmission or reception.
The listen switches are used to select the source and control the volume of
audio connected to a flight compartment speaker and headset.
They are momentary switches which are rotated clockwise for maximum
volume.
Each press of a listen switch changes the audio status of that system
(off or on).
When a microphone switch is selected, the corresponding listen circuit is
automatically connected.
The voice toggle switch selects a filter which attenuates the range audio
(Morse identifier) of radio navigation signals (ADF, VOR, DME, or ILS).

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CONDUCTIVE GASKET
OBSERVE PRECAUTIONS
FOR HANDLING
ELECTROSTATIC
SENSITIVE
DEVICES

CAPTIVE MOUNTING SCREWS (TYP)

TOP VIEW
SENSE ANTENNA
TOP SURFACE COVERED WITH PRECIPITATION-STATIC
COATING
LOOP ANTENNAS

ELECTRONICS ASSEMBLY

MOUNTING SCREW
WITH TAB FOR RESIST-
ANCE MEASUREMENT

FWD ELECTRICAL
O-RING
CONNECTOR

ANTENNA INSTALLATION
LISTEN
SWITCHES
(15)

AUTOMATIC DIRECTION FINDER SYSTEM ANTENNA

FILTER SWITCH

AUDIO SELECTOR PANEL

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3.5. Radio Distance Magnetic Indicator.

The RDMIs display magnetic heading, VOR or ADF bearing, and DME distance.

Flags are displayed for non-computed or invalid data.

See brochure RMI B767/34/105 for a detailed description of the RMI.

3.6. EHSI - ADF Display.

In addition to various other navigational displays, the EHSIs also display ADF
bearing data received from the ADF receivers via the EFIS symbol generators.

ADF bearing data from the left and right ADF receivers is displayed on the
EHSIs in all EFIS modes, as well as a test value during ADF test.

Left & right ADF failure flags indicate failures of the respective ADF bearing
data sources.
During a non-computed-data condition, the respective pointer is removed, and
no flag is displayed.

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NORMAL DISPLAY FAIL/NCD DISPLAY

RADIO DISTANCE MAGNETIC INDICATOR LEFT ADF RIGHT ADF

FLAG FLAG
L-ADF
BEARING
R-ADF
POINTER
BEARING
POINTER

R (RECIPR.)
L (RECIPROCAL)

NORMAL DISPLAY FAULT DISPLAY

ELECTRONIC HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR -ADF DISPLAYS

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4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION.
ADF Receiver Power.
The dual ADF system receives 115 Vac 400 Hz power from the 115 Vac left
bus for the left ADF system, and from the 115 Vac standby bus for the right
ADF system, via the left or the right ADF circuit breaker, respectively.
Each one of the systems (left & right) becomes operational when the
respective circuit breaker is closed.
Both systems can be operated simultaneously.
In the ADF receiver, the 115 Vac input is used to power the internal power
supply which generates the required dc voltages.
The ADF receiver power supply also provides power for the onside ADF
antenna.
Dual ADF Control Panel Power.
In the dual ADF control panel, the received 115 Vac is used to power the
internal left and/or right power supplies which in turn generate the required
dc voltages.
A 115 Vac connection from each 115 Vac power input branches off into the
respective ADF receiver.
ADF Antenna Power.
Antenna +12 Vdc and -12 Vdc power is received from the ADF receiver power
supply.
During self-test, antenna power is switched off in the receiver by switch S1, to
prevent antenna output signals from interfering with test signals generated in
the receiver.
Dual ADF Control Panel Function.
The control panel has two identical sets of electronics, one for the left system,
and the other for the right system.
The left set of electronics is powered by the left power supply; the right set of
electronics is powered by the right power supply.
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Frequency Selection and Display.
Two sets of frequency selectors are provided for frequency selection; one for
the left system and the other for the right system.
Each one of the frequency selector knobs activates an encoder which transmits
the selected frequency to the microprocessor, and to the display drivers for
display.
Mode and BFO Selection.
The ADF mode selector is hard wired internally in the control panel. No
antenna (ANT) mode selection is provided.
For BFO tone selection, a ground-level discrete is routed to the respective
(left or right) microprocessor.
Control Data.
The microprocessor processes the received frequency and BFO tone
information and transmits it, via the ARINC 429 transmitter, to the respective
ADF receiver.
Antenna Functions.
The received radio signal is received by the three elements of the ADF antenna:
the sense antenna and the two loop antennas.
The electric (E) field component of the rf signal is received by the sense
antenna.
The magnetic (H) field component is received by the two loop antennas.
The signal received by the longitudinal loop antenna is proportional to the sine
of the signal bearing relative the airplane heading.
The one received by the lateral loop antenna is proportional to the cosine.
Each of the antenna signals is pre-amplified and then transmitted to the ADF
receiver through the coupling circuits.
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Antenna Identification. Bearing Signal Processing.

Top antenna installation is recognized by jumpering designated pins in the
receiver mating connector.
This information is transmitted to the microprocessor .
Generation of Composite RF Signals.
The received sine and cosine signals are each amplitude modulated by a
96 Hz modulation signal generated in the modulation frequency generator.
The modulation signal that is applied to the cosine signal modulator is shifted
90 with respect to the other modulation signal.
The modulation frequency generator is enabled through OR gate 2 during
normal operation (always ADF mode in this configuration) and in test.
The two modulator outputs are first summed in summing point SP1 to
produce a composite signal.
Subsequently, this composite signal is summed in summing point SP2 with the
nondirectional sense rf signal, to remove 180 ambiguity.
The resultant composite rf signal contains the desired bearing information.
Composite RF Signal Processing.
The composite rf signal is now applied to the receive circuits
(RF/IF/DETECTOR).
RF band selection is provided by the microprocessor.
Local oscillator frequencies are supplied by the frequency synthesizer.
In the receive circuits, the audio modulation is extracted.
The audio output is either an audio signal or the keyed 1020 Hz identifier.
Bearing information is contained in the 96 Hz bearing signal.
Its phase angle contains this information.
The 96 Hz bearing output from the detector is phase-compared with the
96 Hz reference signal from the modulation frequency generator.
The phase relation between these two signals contains the desired bearing
information.
This data is transmitted in digital format to the microprocessor where the
bearing is computed.
Quadrantal error correction (QEC) is included to compensate for airplane-
induced rf field distortions.
The QEC is made by jumpering designated pins in the receiver mating
connector.
The computed bearing is now sent in digital format to the ARINC 429
transmitter.
Bearing Output.
The computed bearing is transmitted to the left and the right RDMIs over an
ARINC 429 data bus.
Audio from Ground Station.
Audio output from the ADF receiver is routed to the captains,
the first officers and the first observers audio selector panels.
In normal operation, the audio emanates from the detector circuit and consists
either of the 1020 Hz keyed identifier from a non-directional continuous-wave
homing beacon station, or of transmissions from a commercial am broadcast
station.

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1020 Hz BFO Tone. Fault Recording.

When the TONE OFF/ON switch on the ADF control panel is in the ON
position, a 1020 Hz BFO tone is injected into the audio output circuit through
switch S2.
This tone is generated by the frequency synthesizer.
Switch S2 is controlled by the AND gate.
The output of the AND gate is a logic 1 when the BFO ON signal from the
microprocessor is 1, and when a signal is received from a ground station
(TUNER LOCK = 1).
The BFO function mainly is used overseas, to produce a keyed audio output
from a morse-coded carrier frequency received from a ground station.
Detected faults on at least 49 flights can be stored in the fault memory by
flight segments.
Flight segments are separated by air/ground relay inputs.
During bench tests only, the fault memory can be accessed on the ground
through the ATE connector on the rear interconnect panel.
Front Panel Status Indicator Functions.
Status indicators on the ADF receiver front panel indicate ADF receiver and
control panel data status during manually initiated self-test only.

BITE Function.
The purpose of the BITE circuit is to monitor the operation of ADF receiver
circuits, to initiate the test function, to transmit fault information to the fault
memory for storage, and to control the status indicators on the ADF receivers
front panel.

Circuits Monitored.
The operation of the receive circuits, the frequency synthesizer,
the modulation frequency generator, the microprocessor and the power supply
as well as the control input and the output words are continuously monitored,
and faults are stored in the fault memory.

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5. SELF-TEST.

5.1. Automatic Self-Test. To have ADF indications on the RDMIs, the respective left or right VOR/ADF
select switch must be in the ADF position.
An automatic self-test is initiated at power on.
At self-test initiation, the respective left or right bearing fault flag appears for
No special test indications are associated with the automatic self-test at power six seconds.
on, if no failures are detected. The flag will remain if there is a system fault.
If a fault is detected, the fault is indicated by the bearing fault flag. Six seconds after the self-test has been initiated, the respective bearing pointer
is driven to 135 with respect to the lubber line for a duration of up to 10
5.2. Manual Self-test. seconds.

Manual self-test is initiated by pushing the TEST switch on the front panel of
the ADF receiver to be tested. Select full VOR or ILS on the EFIS control panel to control EHSI indications. This
During self-test, the antenna signals are inhibited by antenna power cut-off provides the most easily read display of the ADF test.
through S1. Also at self-test initiation, the respective left or right ADF fail flag will appear
for 3 seconds.
For a complete test, the test switch must be held in the test position for the Six seconds after the self-test has been initiated, the respective green pointer
duration of the test. will indicate 135.
The test function times out after 16 seconds if the receivers test switch is held
that long. A steady 1020 Hz tone is transmitted from the beginning of the manual
self-test for a duration of 16 seconds.
At self-test initiation, the ARINC 429 bearing word changes.
The data field for bearing changes to a value of 135.
The sign status matrix flags failure warning for three seconds, NCD for three
seconds, then FT (functional test) for the duration of the test.
All three panel status indicators are illuminated for three seconds.
All status indicators then extinguish for a three-second interval.

Subsequently, the green LED labeled LRU STATUS PASS illuminates for proper
receiver operation.
In the event of a fault, the respective red LED, labeled CONTROL INPUT FAIL or
LRU STATUS FAIL illuminates.

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RED

YELLOW
ALL THREE GREEN LRU STATUS - PASS LED IS ON FOR
STATUS RCVR OK. RED LRU STAUS - FAIL LED
STATUS
GREEN
INDICATORS IS ON FOR ADF RCVR FAULT. RED CONTROL INDICATORS
ILLUMINATE INPUT FAIL
RED

SELF-TEST
PUSHBUTTON
ADF RECEIVER STATUS INDICATORS
SWITCH
(PRESS AND HOLD)
ADF RECEIVER
1020 Hz TONE ON

1020 Hz BFO TONE

ADF (EHSI) FAIL DISPLAY - LEFT/RIGHT

ADF TEST (3 SECONDS) FAIL FLAG
IN VIEW
(EHSI)

RIGHT
BEARING
FAILURE
FLAG

BEARING FLAG IN VIEW BEARING FLAG STAYS IN VIEW

(RDMI) IF THERE IS A FAULT LEFT
BEARING
FAILURE
FLAG

TEST SEQUENCE ANNUNCIATIONS

LEFT & RIGHT
ADF POINTERS
AT 135
135 BEARING INDICATED
(EHSI AND RDMI)
ADF (EHSI) 135 BEARING INDICATION - LEFT/RIGHT ADF
ADF TEST (10 SECONDS) SELECTED

RDMI DISPLAY

135 BEARING INDICATION

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