Spring Semester, Academic Year 201617

Assignment - 3

Course: MA 102 Section: D

(1) Let V = R2 . In each case determine whether or not V is a real vector space with
the operations of addition and scalar multiplication defined as indicated.
(a) (x1 , x2 ) + (y1 , y2 ) = (|x1 + y1 |, |x2 + y2 |), a(x1 , x2 ) = (|ax1 |, |ax2 |).
(b) (x1 , x2 ) + (y1 , y2 ) = (x1 + y1 , 0), a(x1 , x2 ) = (ax1 , ax2 ).
(c) (x1 , x2 ) + (y1 , y2 ) = (x1 , x2 + y2 ), a(x1 , x2 ) = (ax1 , ax2 ).

(2) Let W1 and W2 be two subspaces of a vector space V over a field F. Then show that
W1 W2 is also a subspace of V .

(3) In the vector space R2 let W1 = {(x, 0) : x R} and W2 = {(0, x) : x R}. Does
W1 W2 forms a subspace of R2 ?

(4) Is the given set of vectors form a vector space?

(i) All real polynomials of degree less than or equal to m and having 2 as a root
with usual addition and scalar multiplication.
(ii) All vectors (x1 , x2 , x3 ) in R3 s.t. x21 + x22 + x23 4.
Rb
(iii) All positive real valued continuous functions f on [a, b] such that a f (x) dx = 0.
Rb
(iv) All positive real valued continuous functions f on [a, b] such that a f (x) dx = 2.
(v) All vectors A in M3 (R) s.t. A2 = A.

a
(vi) All 3 1 matrices of the form b , where a, b R.
a+b
(vii) All 2 3 matrices with the second row any multiple of [4, 0, 9].

(5) Find rank and nullity of the following matrices along with a basis for the row-space,
column-space and null-space:

1 2 4 2 1 7 0
1 1 3 2 , 0 1 1
1 2 4 2 1 1 0

(6) Determine whether the following matrices are diagonalizable. If yes, then find a
matrix P such that P 1 AP = D.

2 16 8 3 2 5 0 6 3
A= 4 14 8 , A = 0 1 4 , A = 1 5 1
8 32 18 0 1 5 1 2 4

(7) If p(x) = 0 + 1 x + 2 x2 + + k xk is any polynomial , then we define p(A) to be

the matrix p(A) = 0 + 1 A + 2 A2 + + k Ak . Show that if (, x) is an eigenpair
for A, then (p(), x) is an eigenpair for p(A).

(8) Let A be a 3 3 matrix with eigenvalues 0, 1, 2. Find the

(a) Rank of A (Similar matrices have equal rank)
(b) Determinant of At A
(c) Eigenvalues of (A2 + I)1
 (9) Let A and B be square matrices of same order. Show that AB and BA have same
eigenvalues.

(10) Let A be a square matrix such that Ak = 0 for some positive integer k. (Such a
matrix is called a nilpotent matrix) Show that all the eigenvalues of A are zero.

(11) Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Give brief justification.
(a) The reduced row echelon form of a non-singular(invertible) matrix is the identity
matrix.
(b) Any row echelon form of an invertible matrix has to be invertible.
(c) If the number of variables in a system of equations Ax = b exceeds the number
of equations, then the system has to be consistent.
(d) The determinant of a matrix in reduced row echelon form is either 1, or 0.
(e) 2x, x2 3x, 2x2 is a basis of R2 [x].

(12) Determine a basis and dimension of the following subspaces of vector space Rn (R).
(a) W = {(x1 , x2 , , xn ) : x1 + x2 + + xn = 0}.
(b) W = {(x1 , x2 , , xn ) : x1 = xn }.
(c) W = {(x1 , x2 , , xn ) : xk = 0, if k is even}.
(d) W = {(x1 , x2 , , xn ) : x0k s are all equal for k even}.