DYNAMICBALANCINGUSINGCAESOFTWARE

ExperimentNo: Date:

Objective:
DynamicbalancingusingCAEsoftware&studyoftheHDM50HardBearingDynamic
BalancingMachine.

INTRODUCTION:
Accordingtothetheoryofbalancingofrotatingbodies,theresultantunsymmetricalmass
distributionofarotatingbodycanberepresentedbytwodefinitemasseslocatedintwodifferent
radialplanesandatcertainradialdistancesfromthegeometricaxis.
Hencetheresultantunsymmetricalmassdistributionofarotatingbodyaboutitsgeometric
axiscanbereducedbyeitheraddingorremovingtwomassesfromtwoarbitrarilychosenradial
planes on the rotating body. This process is called the dynamic balancing of rotors. Here the
rotorisrotatedataconstantspeedtosensetheresultantunbalancemassdistributionbytheeffect
itproducesonitssupportingsystem.Thenitiscorrectedtoreducetheseeffectswhichinturn
reducestheeffectoftheresultantunsymmetricalmassdistributionaboutthegeometricalaxisof
therotor.

DISCRIPTIONOFMACHINE:
TheHDM50hashardbearingtypesupporti.e.whenheavyjobsaretobebalancedon
mandrel,semicircularhardbearingarefittedonthesupportingstands.Theycanbelubricated
also.Inhardbearingtypesupports,thespringsarepracticallysothickthatonecannotsaythey
are springs. The supporting frame itself is fabricated in such a way that the spring action is
createdinsameframedesign.Heretheamplitudeofvibrationisverymuchlowandtheforceis
measureddirectlyinsuchsuspension.
This HDM50 series machine manufactured by M/S FUEL INSTUMENTS &
ENGINEERS(PVT)LTD.worksonforcemeasuringprinciple.Thepressuretransducersused
in the pedestals are provided with piezoelectric crystals for sensing unbalance forces being
exerted by the rotating body under test. The measuring control panel comprises of integrated
circuitsforprecisesignalprocessingwhiletheindicatingmetersareofthedigitaltype,Thebasic
design of the machine enables quick balancing of rotors of various configuration without any
trial run and with just a few settings of controls on the panel related to dimensions of rotor
configurationrequired.
Themechanicalpartofthemachineconsistsofthemachinebed,thedrivingstand
withbuiltindrivingunitandphasegeneratorandtwobearingstandswithpressuretransducers.
ThemachinebedmadeofcastironandprovidedwithTslotsisfirmlyclampedtothemachine
foundation.Thedrivestandandtwobalancingstandsarelocatedonthemachinebedandfirmly
connectedtoit.Thebalancingstandsareprovidedwithsprocketandchainarrangementforeasy
adjustmentofthestandsoverthebedforaccommodatingvarioustypesofrotors.
Theelectricalpartincludespressuretransducers(withpreamplifiersfittedon
respectivepedestalsonbalancingstands),referencephasegenerator,electriccontrolswitchgear
with drive motor and measuring control panel of the machine for precise measurement of
unbalanceingmsalongwithitsangularposition.
Themeasuringcontrolpanelisprovidedwithananaloguecomputerwhichisa
builtinfeature.Thisenablestomeasureunbalancedirectlyingmsatpreselectedradiusalong
with its angular position for any preselected correction planes without any cross effect or
interference.Assuchnotrialrunsorprecalibrationofthemachinerequired.
All necessary switches and dials required for operation of the machine are
convenientlylocatedonfrontpanelofthemeasuringcontrolpanelwhichislocatedonthetopof
thedrivestand.

APPLICATION:
DynamicbalancingmachineofHDMseriesareusedfordeterminingunbalanceof
rotatingbodies.Theseunbalancesareconspicuouslyindicatedintheirvaluesingmsalongwith
their angular positions with reference to a marker on the drive stand. The unbalance in two
selected correction planes for any rotor is indicated by two sets of indicating for this purpose.
Onemeterisprovidedtoindicatetheunbalancedirectlyingmswhiletheothergivespositionof
unbalanceindegrees.
Themachineisdesignedforhandlingvarioustypesofrotorswithintechnical
specificationsofthemachine.Aftermountingtherotor,dataarefedanddependinguponrotor
configuration,asuitableprogrammeistobeselected.Theinanaloguecomputerandmeasuring
system ensures precise measurement of unbalance in rotor at preselected radius and selected
planes. The machine is suitable for single plane balancing of disc shaped rotors as well as
dynamic balancing of motor rotors, crankshafts or any other rotors. For balancing, the rotor is
supported on the balancing stands by supporting rotor upon the special type of rotors, other
supportingarrangementssuchashalfbearingsorplumberblockscanbeprovided.Thestandsof
themachinecanbemodifiedtoaccommodaterotorswithantifrictionbearingsfittedontherotor
shaft.

TECHANICALSPECIFICATION:
HDM50Hardbearing,twoplane(dynamic),horizontaltypebalancingmachine.
Massrange:250Kg.
maximumdiameterofshaft:500mm
rotorjournaldiameter:550mm
minimumdistancebetweenbearings:75mm
maximumdistancebetweenbearings
(measuredfromcouplingend):1100mm
totheextremebearingposition
balancingspeed:700RPM.
electricsupply:400440Volts,50c/s,3Phase.
drivemotor/synchronousspeed:0.75HP/1500RPM.
dimensionofmachine(meters):2.2*0.4*0.8.(L*W*H)

DISCRIPTIONOFOPERATION:
WhenthepowerismadeONfortheHDM8500,italwaysdisplaysthecurrentRotorNo.
asr.n.01forexample,onthecentraldisplaywhichmeansthatallthedataforthatparticular
Rotorincludingprogrammeandcorrectionmadeisvalidi.e.isintheoperatingfield.
TherotorNo.whosedatawasrecalledintheoperatingfieldbeforethepowerwas
switchedOFF,willbedisplayedwhenthepowerismadeONagain.
ThefurthercommunicationbetweentheoperatorandHDM8500isthroughthefront
panelkeyboardanddisplaysystem.

DIFFERNTKEYSANDTHEIRFUNCTIONS:

(1)DATAKEY:Thiskeyisalwaysusedtoputthesystemindataentrymode.Thiskeyis
activewhenthemachineisrunningalso.Indataloggingmodei.e.instoring&recallingdatafor
aparticularrotor.theDATAkeyfunctionsasRecallkey.PressingthiskeyforanyrotorNo.
willrecallallthedataforthatrotorintooperatingfield.
(2)STOREKEY:Asthenameindicatethiskeyisusedtostorethedataforconstantsindata
entrymode.Whenthiskeyispresseditstoresthedataforthecurrentconstantthatisdisplayed
anddisplaysthenextconstantinsequence.ThesequenceisA,B,C,r1,r2,tL1&tL2A,When
tL2isenteredandstored,thedisplayagaingoesbacktoAandsoon.
StorekeyisalsousedtostorethedataforanyRotorNo.AfterselectingtheRotorNo.
andpressingthiskeywillstoreallthedatainoperatingfield,underthatRotorNo.TheSTORE
keyisalsousedtostoretheserialNo.
(3)ROTORNO.:R.N.KEY:ThiskeyisusedforRotordatalogging.Pressingthiskeywill
displaysayr.n.01onthecentraldisplay.NowanyRotorNo.from1to20isselectedusingthe
No.keysanddatarecallorstorefortheselectedRotorNo.isfurnishedusingtheDATAand
STOREkeys.
( 4 ) NUMBER KEY 0 TO 9 : The No. keys are used for Numerical entry of data in entry
mode.ThedataentryisRighttoLeft.
TheNO.keyarealsousedtoselecttheRotorNo.entertheserialNo.andselectthe
rangeincalibrationmode.
(5)PROGRAMME:PROGKEY:Thekeyisusedtoselecttheprogramme.
(6)CORRECTION+/KEY:Thekeyisprovidedtoselectthemodeofcorrectioni.e.add
ormove(+/).
(7)THERUNKEY:Thekeystartstheexecutionofthecomputationprogramme.Thisis
useful when the machine is running and if the system entered data entry mode by passing the
DATAkeyforsamereasons.NowiftheRUNkeyispressedtheexecutionRestartsandthe
resultsareupdatedi.e.thesystementersRUNmode.
(8)THECALLIBRATIONCALKEY:Thisisactiveonlywhenthemachineisrunningand
isusedtocalibratethemachine.
(9)SERIALNO.Sr.NKEY:ThiskeyisusedtoentertheserialNo.fortherotorwhenlarge
no.ofrotorsaretobebalanced.
( 10 ) THE PRINT KEY: If a printer is interfaced, this key is used to give print command.
Pressing this key when the machine is running will start running printing the data and the
Results. The data for a particular rotor is reprinted only in the first cycle. In the subsequent
cyclesonlytheresultsareprinted.
Theaboveoperationispossibleinmanualmode.Inautostopmodeprintingis
automatic.Theprintercanbeenableordisplayedindataentrymodeasfollowsafterthepanelis
madeON.
A.PressPRINTKey:Thecentraldisplaywillshowp1txcanbeeither0or1.
B.Toenableprinterpresskey1DisplayshowsPrt1.
C.PressSTORE(STR)Key:NowifthemachineismadeONandallnecessaryprinter
interfacewithproperprinterisincorporated,thenthesystemwillautomaticallyprinttheresult
andstops.Thisrepeatsineveryautocycleasfarasprinterisenabled.
D.ToDisableprinter:PressPRINTkeyPressOKey,thedisplayshowsprto.PressSTORE
(STR)Key.Nowthemachineafterspinningautomaticallystopswithoutprinting.(Evenifthe
printerisconnected)duringeveryautocycle.
Theprinterfacilityisoptionalandtheprintermonitorprogrammeandothernecessary
componentswillbesuppliedonlyagainstorderforprinterinterface.
TheprinteralsocanbesuppliedbyFIE.Theprinterfacilitycanbeavailableatany
modificationintheexistingtheHDMpanel.
NOTE:ThePRINTandSr.N.(SerialNo.)keysarenotvalidiftheprinterinterfaceisnot
included.Pressingthesekeysintheabsenceofprintermonitorisnotadvisable.

(11)STARTPushbutton:P120
Thisisnotincludedanstandardmatrixkeyboardbutmountedseparately.Tostart
theM/C.thispushbuttonispressedtwice.Thisfunctionisspeciallyincorporatedfromthesafety
point
(12)EmergencyStop:Thispushbuttonisprovidedonthedrivingstandsandisusedtostopthe
machineunderemergencycondition.Whenpressedthisputsofthepowertocontrolpaneland
stopsspinning.
( 13 ) Emergency Release: This push button on the electrical box is used to release the
emergency off condition. Pressing this button puts on the power to panel and the panel starts
fromtheinitialdataentrymodeagain.Tostartmachine,presstheSTARTswitchsituatedonthe
panel.

Demonstration of standard rotor will be followed in order to understand the concept of

balancing.