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X-ray Generators
R/F, and tomographic procedures. The control panel
Scope of this Product Comparison also operates auxiliary devices such as film changers,
photospot cameras, and automatic exposure controls
This Product Comparison covers x-ray generators
(AECs).
designed for use as part of general-purpose radio-
graphic, radiographic/fluoroscopic (R/F), to-
mographic, angiographic/interventional R/F, and Principles of operation
cardiac catheterization R/F imaging systems. For
The major components of an x-ray generator are the
related information, see the following Product
control panel and the transformer assembly (see Fig. 1).
Comparisons:
The control panel permits the selection of technique
Radiographic Systems, Film; Digital factors for radiographic or fluoroscopic examinations and
Radiographic/Fluoroscopic Systems, Angiog- the initiation of radiographic exposures. The trans-
raphic/Interventional; Cardiovascular former assembly contains transformers, rectifiers, and
Radiographic/Fluoroscopic Systems, General-
Purpose; Cameras, Radiographic Photospot
Radiographic/Tomographic Systems, Linear
UMDNS information
This Product Comparison covers the following de-
vice term and product code as listed in ECRIs
Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System
(UMDNS):
X-ray Generators [16-602]
Purpose
X-ray generators modify incoming voltage and cur-
rent to provide an x-ray tube with the power needed to
produce an x-ray beam of the desired peak kilovoltage
(kVp) and current (mA). The generator supplies con-
tinuous power to the x-ray tube for fluoroscopic exami-
nations, and its switching and timing devices ensure
proper timing for discrete radiographic exposures.
The x-ray generator control panel allows the selec-
tion of technique factors for different radiographic, X-ray generator console
Rectification
Transformer Assembly
Rectifiers in the transformer assembly convert AC
into the direct current (DC) required by the x-ray tube
High-Voltage (see Fig. 2). A rectifier restricts current flow in an x-ray
Circuit Filament
Circuit tube to one direction (from cathode to anode), thereby
Timer Circuit preventing damage to the x-ray tube filament. There
are two types of rectification half wave and full
C156UN1A wave; all x-ray generators listed in the chart use full-
X-ray Tube wave rectification. Typically, in half-wave rectifica-
tion, two rectifiers are connected in series with the
x-ray tube, with one on either side. As a result, elec-
Figure 1. X-ray generator components trons can flow from cathode to anode during the first
half of each AC cycle but are blocked during the second
half-cycle. In full-wave rectification, two pairs of recti-
three major circuits the high-voltage circuit, the
fiers are configured to operate alternately, and elec-
filament circuit, and the timer circuit that supply
trons flow from cathode to anode during both halves of
the x-ray tube with the necessary power to produce
the AC cycle in a pulsating current. While both vac-
an x-ray beam of the desired voltage, current, and
uum-tube and solid-state rectifiers are available, solid-
duration.
state silicon rectifiers are now most widely used.
Transformers modify the voltage of incoming alter-
nating-current (AC) electrical signals to increase or Depending on the rectifiers and components in-
decrease the voltage in a circuit. A simple transformer cluded in the high-voltage circuit, the secondary volt-
consists of two wire coils, called primary and secondary age waveform presented to the x-ray tube can be
coils, which are wrapped around a core of iron or other single-phase, full-wave rectified; 3-phase, 6-pulse; 3-
material susceptible to magnetic forces. When an AC phase, 12-pulse; high-frequency; or constant potential.
is applied to the primary coil, the resulting electromag- Examples of each voltage waveform are shown along
netic field causes a current to flow through the secon- with the corresponding radiation intensity waveforms
dary coil. The current and voltage induced in the in Figure 3.
secondary coil are related to the initial current and The ideal secondary voltage waveform for presenta-
voltage by the ratio of the number of turns of the two tion to the x-ray tube is a flat DC waveform with no
coils, as expressed by the following equation: temporal variations in voltage. Waveforms that devi-
T1/T2 = V1/V2 ate from this ideal lower the efficiency of x-ray produc-
where T1 and T2 are the number of turns for the tion. Efficiency is affected by the ripple factor of the
primary and secondary coils and V1 and V2 are the
primary and secondary voltages.
In a step-up transformer, voltage increases and
current decreases in the secondary circuit because the
secondary coil contains more turns than the primary
coil. Conversely, in a step-down transformer, voltage
decreases and current increases in the secondary cir-
cuit because the primary coil contains more turns than
the secondary coil.
In the transformer assembly, one circuit containing
a step-up transformer supplies the high voltage to the
2 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
Radiation
a percentage of the maximum voltage) presented to the
Voltage
Intensity
x-ray tube. Generators with a lower ripple factor have
a greater x-ray output. The ripple factor for a single-
phase generator is 100% because the voltage increases
from 0 to a maximum value with each wave cycle. The Time Time
ripple factor for a 3-phase, 6-pulse generator is 13.5% a. Ideal DC
because at 100 kV, the voltage fluctuates between
86.5 and 100 kV; ripple is accentuated when 3-phase
generators are operated under load (i.e., operating
conditions).
1 sec
High-voltage circuit 60
The high-voltage circuit provides the electrical b. Single-phase, half-wave rectified
power needed to accelerate the flow of electrons from
the cathode to the anode of the x-ray tube to produce
x-rays of the specified kVp and waveform. Also called
the cathode-anode circuit, the high-voltage circuit con-
sists of a step-up transformer (also called the high- 1 sec
voltage transformer) and an autotransformer. Because 60
the potential difference across the secondary coil may c. Single-phase, full-wave rectified
be as great as 150,000 volts (V), the step-up trans-
former is sealed within an oil-filled tank, which en-
hances heat dissipation and provides electrical
insulation between various components.
1 sec
A kVp meter and an mA meter are incorporated into 60
the high-voltage circuit to monitor, respectively, the d. Three-phase, six-pulse
potential across the x-ray tube and the current through
the tube during an exposure. The kVp meter is usually
located between the autotransformer and the step-up
1 sec 1 sec
60 60
e. Three-phase, twelve-pulse
1 sec
500
Voltage
f. High-frequency
g. Constant potential
Figure 2. Voltage waveforms demonstrating Figure 3. Secondary voltage waveforms (left) and
rectification radiation intensity waveforms (right)
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 3
Healthcare Product Comparison System
transformer; the mA meter is connected in the secon- primary and secondary coils of the high-voltage trans-
dary coil of the step-up transformer. former. When the three windings are electrically con-
nected in a wye configuration (shaped like the letter
Before reaching the step-up transformer, the input
Y), a 120 phase difference in the voltage waveform is
voltage is shunted to the autotransformer. When a
produced. When the three windings are arranged in a
particular kVp is selected, an appropriate pair of sec-
delta configuration (shaped like a triangle), a 150
ondary taps in the autotransformer is automatically
phase difference in the voltage waveform is produced.
connected into the circuit to provide the correct input
Three-phase, 6-pulse generators have a wye trans-
voltage to the step-up transformer for the specified
former and six rectifiers in their secondary coil; the
output voltage. The primary voltage is increased by a
resulting waveform consists of 6 pulses per cycle, or
factor of approximately 600 to achieve the voltage
360 pulses per second (for a 60-hertz [Hz] supply).
required for radiographic and fluoroscopic exposures.
Three-phase, 12-pulse generators have one delta and
Filament circuit one wye transformer and 12 rectifiers in their secon-
dary coil; the resulting waveform consists of 12 pulses
The filament circuit supplies the x-ray tube filament per cycle, or 720 pulses per second. Because three-
(a coiled tungsten wire that emits electrons when phase generators produce outputs much closer to the
heated) with the voltage needed to provide the desired ideal DC than do single-phase models, they produce
tube current. A step-down transformer the filament x-rays more efficiently.
transformer supplies the power to heat the tube
filament, which is connected directly to the secondary High-frequency, or multipulse, generators operate
coil of the transformer. The voltage of the primary coil somewhat differently from traditional single- and
(100 to 220 V) is provided by tapping off a number of three-phase generators, because they have additional
turns from the autotransformer. The step-down trans- components in the high-voltage circuit. The 50 or 60
former converts this voltage to the potential difference Hz line voltage (either single- or three-phase) is recti-
required by the tube filament, which is approximately fied and filtered to create a nearly DC signal. Next, a
10 V. If an x-ray tube with dual focal spots is used, the high-frequency inverter, or oscillator, circuit converts
filament circuit includes a separate transformer for this DC voltage into a sinusoidal waveform with a
each filament. frequency as high as 100 kilohertz (kHz). This signal
is then input to a single high-voltage transformer.
Because small changes in filament current yield Full-wave rectification on the secondary side of the
large changes in tube current, the filament voltage high-voltage circuit doubles the number of x-ray pulses
must be precisely controlled. Therefore, resistors are per second to as high as 200,000.
placed in the circuit leading to the autotransformer, and
selectable resistance is controlled by a switch on the A capacitor, located in the high-voltage circuit be-
control panel. Additional components of the filament fore the x-ray tube, smooths the full-wave rectified
circuit include a voltage stabilizer that carefully regu- waveform, reducing the ripple factor to approximately
lates filament voltage and a device that compensates 2%. The resultant measured waveform has ripple simi-
for the changes in x-ray tube current caused by changes lar to that of waveforms produced by 3-phase or 6- or
in the selected kVp (line voltage compensation). 12-pulse generators, reflecting highly efficient x-ray
production. This waveform is identical for single- or
Types of x-ray generators three-phase input power.
Single-phase, full-wave rectified generators and sin- Because high-frequency generators produce a mul-
gle-phase, two-pulse generators use single-phase line tipulse wave with low ripple, more accurate timing is
voltage input to the primary circuit. A bridge of four possible, and patient exposure is lessened. An addi-
rectifiers included in the secondary coil of the high- tional advantage of high-frequency generators is their
voltage circuit permits current flow from the x-ray tube small size the transformer assembly for a high kW,
cathode and anode during both halves of the alternat- high-frequency generator is about 1/3 the size of a high
ing cycle. The resulting voltage waveform includes 2 kW, 12-pulse generator. Low kW, high-frequency gen-
x-ray pulses per cycle, or 120 pulses per second. The erators do not require a separate transformer housing;
average x-ray tube voltage is substantially lower than they can be housed together with the x-ray tube in a
the peak x-ray tube voltage, and the ripple factor is normal-sized tube shield, thus eliminating the need for
100%. high-voltage cables.
Three-phase, full-wave rectified waveforms are pro- Constant-potential generators, which produce a true
duced by high-voltage circuits containing three DC, are a variation on the 3-phase, 12-pulse circuit.
autotransformers and three windings on both the Two triode (three-electrode) or tetrode (four-electrode)
4 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
control vacuum tubes are placed between the output of can provide accurate exposures as brief as 1 msec, as
the transformers secondary wye and delta windings well as a rapid series of repeated exposures.
and the cathode and anode ends of the x-ray tube.
Each control tube contains an electrode called a grid. Switching mechanisms are classified as primary or
Modifications of the voltage applied to the grid cause secondary according to their location in the high-volt-
the control tube to act as a variable resistance, thus age circuit. Primary switching is less complicated and
changing the magnitude of the voltage reaching the expensive because it is easier and safer to switch the
x-ray tube. A comparator circuit reads the voltage lower primary voltages on and off. Three types of
outputs at the two control tubes and alters their re- primary switches are electromechanical contactors,
spective grid bias voltages to maintain a constant thyratrons, and silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs).
potential difference across the x-ray tube. The re- An electromechanical contactor causes a spring-
sponse of the comparator circuit and control tubes is loaded plunger to open or close a circuit when a current
nearly instantaneous, resulting in a DC voltage wave- is applied to an electromagnetic coil. Because of iner-
form reaching the x-ray tube. Some constant-potential tia, these contactors are slow to respond, and their
generators use solid-state field-effect transistors ability to handle a rapid series of repeated exposures
rather than tetrode/triode control tubes to produce a is consequently limited. They are also expensive to
ripple-free DC output. maintain.
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 5
Healthcare Product Comparison System
generators; as described earlier, they are the same Standard AECs require the technologist to select
tubes used to maintain a constant voltage across the specific kVp and mA settings on the control panel, with
x-ray tube. In addition to this function, the grid bias the exposure time automatically determined by the
voltage also acts to initiate and terminate x-ray expo- AEC circuit.
sures by conducting and blocking current flow to the
x-ray tube. Response time is nearly instantaneous, Anatomic programming is often used to select kV
exposures as short as 0.5 msec are possible, and an and mA for each examination. These values are pre-
extremely rapid series of exposures can be produced. programmed into the control console based on an in-
stitutions programs. Generators featuring anatomic
In grid-controlled x-ray tubes, a grid bias voltage is programming include an additional series of push but-
also used to switch x-ray tube current flow on and off. tons on the control panel that are labeled with various
In this case, the grid is the focusing cup of the x-ray anatomic regions and projections and preset to repre-
tubes cathode itself. Applying a small (2 to 3 V) bias sent a fixed set of technique factors of the users choice,
voltage to the grid prevents electron flow to the anode, including kVp, mA, and AEC timing or exposure time.
while removing the bias voltage allows current flow Supplemental fine adjustments account for variations
and the production of x-rays. Grid-controlled x-ray in patient size and density. The technologist can pre-
tubes are used primarily in fluoroscopy, providing up pare the generator for an x-ray exposure by selecting
to 500 exposures per second. a single button, without having to consult the tech-
nique chart typically used for manual exposure selec-
Other generator features tion. In addition to this ease of operation, anatomic
Additional features available to improve the per- programming ensures consistent technique factors with-
formance of x-ray generators include radiographic in a department and allows them to be changed quickly
AEC, anatomic programming, and fluoroscopic auto- and accurately during the course of an examination.
matic brightness control. In fluoroscopy, a constant brightness at the output
AEC automatically terminates radiographic expo- phosphor of the image intensifier should be main-
sures when sufficient x-ray intensity to provide accept- tained so that the image does not lighten or darken
able film darkening has reached the x-ray film markedly when scanning varying thicknesses of pa-
cassette. This feature ensures the production of satis- tient anatomy or introducing contrast media. Fluoro-
factory images, reducing the chance that human error scopic automatic brightness control regulates
will necessitate repeat exposures. AEC detectors, fluoroscopic image brightness by adjusting the gener-
sometimes called phototimers, include one or more ator technique settings to provide a fixed radiation
elements placed in front of or behind the film cassette. exposure rate at the image intensifiers input phos-
The two most common types of detectors used in AEC phor. Various types of detectors are available to moni-
are photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and ionization cham- tor the image intensifiers photocathode current and
bers. PMTs collect the light emitted as x-rays strike a luminance at its output phosphor as well as the video
fluorescent material and convert the light intensity signal intensity at the camera CRT (cathode ray tube).
into a current proportional to the total x-ray intensity In each case, as changes are detected, the automatic
reaching the fluorescent material. (Solid-state photo- brightness control circuit immediately adjusts the kVp
diodes are sometimes used instead of PMTs.) and/or mA output of the generator to restore the de-
sired radiation exposure rate at the image intensifiers
The ionization chambers used in AEC are typically input phosphor, concurrently restoring the desired
flat-plate, gas-filled chambers. As x-rays pass through image brightness.
the chamber, they ionize the gas molecules, creating a
current proportional to the radiation intensity reaching
the chamber. Both types of AEC detectors are calibrated
so that a predetermined current provides the desired film
Reported problems
density. When this current level is achieved, the termi- X-ray generators must be operated by knowledge-
nation switch in the generator timer circuit automat- able individuals to avoid potential problems related to
ically activates. An SCR switch with forced extinction automatic features and fluoroscopic radiation expo-
termination allows the extremely short, precisely timed sure. Careful patient positioning is required for opti-
exposures required for rare-earth film/screen combina- mal performance of AEC devices and anatomic
tions. Forced extinction is not needed with high-fre- programming. Errors in patient positioning can result
quency generators operating above 50 kHz because lower in rejected films and repeat examinations, which un-
ripple and faster exposure times make AEC more accu- necessarily increase patient radiation exposure and
rate and reproducible. examination costs.
6 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
Fluoroscopic examinations must be conducted with the generator under load. The following formula is
great caution to minimize radiation exposure to pa- used to calculate power ratings for three-phase
tients and tableside personnel. In the United States, generators:
federal and state regulations limit generators expo-
kW = (kVp mA) 1,000
sure rates to 5 or 10 roentgens per minute (R/min) at
the location where the radiation beam enters the pa- For single-phase generators:
tient (depending on specification). Under typical con- kW = (kVp mA 0.7) 1,000
ditions of fluoroscopic operation, patient skin entrance
exposure is in the range of 2 to 5 R/min. To minimize For most generators, the power rating is not con-
patient radiation exposure, a fluoroscopic examina- stant over the entire kV range, and the maximum mA
tion should involve as little beam-on time as possible, and kVp values cannot be obtained simultaneously.
and the monitors last-image-hold feature should be For this reason, it is important to carefully examine
used, if available, to retain the image on the monitor the way the manufacturer indicates this information.
screen after the fluoroscopic exposure. To minimize Typically, power ratings are specified at 100 kVp, with
personnel radiation exposure, protective garments maximum mA values listed for several different kVp
and beam-shielding devices must be used, and dis- values.
tance from the radiation beam should be maximized. The power rating and timing capabilities of a new
In addition, the fluoroscopic exposure rate should be generator should be selected based on the types of
measured quarterly by a medical physicist to ensure examinations to be performed and the operating tech-
safety and regulatory compliance and to monitor the nique factors required with the type of generator se-
performance consistency of the automatic brightness lected. For example, an examination using a
control feature. three-phase or high-frequency generator requires
lower kVp and/or mAs than the same examination
Purchase considerations using a single-phase generator. Routine radiographic,
angiographic, fluoroscopic, and tomographic proce-
The x-ray generator and radiographic or R/F table
dures also vary in their kVp and mAs requirements.
are the primary components of any x-ray room. Each
must be selected in consideration of both clinical needs All x-ray system components must also be selected
and cost-effectiveness. For x-ray generators, the pri- for compatibility as an integrated system. Specifically,
mary selection factors are secondary waveform type, it is critical to choose compatible x-ray tubes and gen-
power rating, timing capabilities, and compatibility erators so that all features of both components can be
with other system components. fully utilized. Positioning the generator too far from
the x-ray tube may cause distortions in voltage wave-
As noted previously, the secondary waveform type
forms and timing responses caused by capacitance in
determines the efficiency of x-ray production, includ-
excessively long high-voltage cables.
ing the magnitude of ripple and the ratio of average to
peak x-ray tube voltage. Single-phase, full-wave rec- Cost containment
tified secondary waveforms provide the least efficient
production of x-rays, which results in longer radio- A purchase decision should be based on issues such
graphic exposure times and higher patient radiation as life-cycle cost, local service support, discount rates
exposure than for the same examination using the and non-price-related benefits offered by the supplier,
same kVp (because of higher skin exposure from low- and standardization with existing equipment in the
energy x-rays that do not reach the image receptor). In department or hospital (i.e., purchasing all x-ray gen-
addition, single-phase generators cause increased erators from one supplier). The initial acquisition cost
x-ray tube anode heating, thus restricting small focal is only a fraction of the total cost of operation. There-
spot examinations and reducing tube life. Three-phase fore, before making a purchase decision based solely on
generators (and other generators producing wave- the acquisition cost of an x-ray generator, buyers
forms with low ripple) allow higher mA exposures at should consider operating costs over the lifetime of the
shorter exposure times, thus reducing motion un- equipment. The following costs should be considered
sharpness and producing higher-quality radiographs when purchasing an x-ray generator:
for many examinations. If three-phase power service Special features (e.g., pulsed fluoroscopy capability)
is not available at a location proposed for it, power
installation costs must be added to the project budget. Service contract
X-ray tube replacement
Power ratings, in units of kilowatts (kW), describe
the maximum kilovoltage (kV) and mA capabilities of Utilities
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 7
Healthcare Product Comparison System
Accessories, such as glassware, parts, and quality Curry TS 3rd, Dowdey JE, Murry RC Jr. Christensens
control devices physics of diagnostic radiology. 4th ed. Philadel-
phia: Lea & Febiger; 1990.
Contributions to overhead
For customized analyses and purchase decision sup- Hendee WR, Ritenour ER. Medical imaging physics.
port, readers should contact ECRIs SELECT Group. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby-Year Book; 2002.
Hospitals can purchase service contracts or service Hiss SS. Understanding radiography. 3rd ed. Spring-
on a time-and-materials basis from the supplier. Serv- field (IL): Charles C Thomas; 1993.
ice may also be available from a third-party organiza-
tion. The decision to purchase a service contract should Noce JP. Diagnostic x-ray fundamentals: the gener-
be carefully considered. Purchasing a service contract ator. Biomed Instrum Technol 1993 May-Jun;
ensures that preventive maintenance will be per- 32(3):318-20.
formed at regular intervals, thereby reducing the pos-
sibility of unexpected maintenance costs. Also, many Standards and guidelines
suppliers do not extend system performance and up-
time guarantees beyond the length of the warranty Note: Although every effort is made to ensure that the
unless the system is covered by a service contract. following list is comprehensive, please note that other
ECRI recommends that, to maximize bargaining lev- applicable standards may exist.
erage, hospitals negotiate pricing for service contracts
American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Per-
before the system is purchased. Additional service
formance specifications and acceptance testing for
contract discounts may be negotiable for multiple-year
x-ray generators and automatic exposure control
agreements or for service contracts that are bundled
devices [report].
with contracts on other generators in the department
or hospital. Purchasing multiple generators from one Diagnostic X-ray Imaging/X-ray Generators and
supplier could result in a significant discount. Stand- Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) Devices Task
ardizing equipment can make staff training easier, Group. 14. 1985.
simplify servicing and parts acquisition, and provide
British Standards Institution. Specification for high-
greater bargaining leverage when negotiating new
voltage generators of diagnostic x-ray generators
equipment purchases and/or service contract costs.
[standard]. BS 5724:Section 2.7. 1987.
International Electrotechnical Commission. Medical
Stage of development electrical equipment part 1: general require-
Microprocessor-controlled and modular x-ray gener- ments for safety [standard]. IEC 60601-1 (1988-12).
ators have been available for several years. Microproc- 1988.
essor-controlled generators provide extensive
Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
automatic operation, which simplifies use and allows
quirements for safety. Amendment 1 [standard].
the technologist to spend more time on patient posi-
IEC 60601-1-am1 (1991-11). 1991.
tioning. Automatic controls also reduce the likelihood
of operator errors that require retakes, thus reducing Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
radiation exposure to patients and operators. In addi- quirements for safety. Amendment 2 [standard].
tion, microprocessor-controlled generators feature in- IEC 60601-1-am2 (1995-03). 1995.
ternal self-diagnostics, which cause an error message Medical electrical equipment part 1: general re-
to appear on the console when a component malfunc- quirements for safety. Section 2. Collateral stand-
tions. Modular generators are individually con- ard: electromagnetic compatibility requirements
structed to incorporate the purchasers selection of and tests. IEC 60601-1-2 (1993-04). 1993.
optional features. Solid-state electronic components
have reduced generator sizes, simplified repairs, and Medical electrical equipment part 2: particular
aided the development of shared generators, which are requirements for the safety of associated equipment
used to control several x-ray rooms simultaneously. of x-ray equipment [standard]. IEC 60601-2-31.
(1994-03). 1994.
Medical electrical equipment part 2: particular
Bibliography
requirements for the safety of high voltage gener-
Balter S. X-ray generation and control. Catheter ators of diagnostic x-ray generators [standard]. IEC
Cardiovasc Interv 1999 Jan;46(1):92-7. 60601-2-7. (1998-02). 1998.
8 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Power For further information, contact Toshibas Assist Cen-
supply guidelines for x-ray machines [standard]. ter by telephone at (800) 521-1968. Source: FDA En-
1984 (revised 1989, 1994; reaffirmed 1999). forcement Rep 2001 Jul 25; Manufacturer.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Food
A4714 Great Britain. Medical Devices Agency. X-ray
and Drug Administration. Diagnostic x-ray systems
generator exposure timer: manual timer selector
and their major components. 21 CFR 1020.30. 2000.
switch on Picker R703 MkII and R500 MkII gener-
Additional performance and safety standards are ators. London: Department of Health; 2002 Mar. 3 p.
included in the radiation protection codes of individual (Safety notice; no. SN2002[09]).
states and countries. The Joint Commission on Ac-
creditation of Healthcare Organizations and the U.S. A5160 FDA has designated Class II Recall No. Z-0649-03
Food and Drug Administration (as per 21 CFR Part certain Sedecal high-voltage generators and controls.
1000), as well as several international organizations, The generators fail to comply with the U.S. federal
have developed recommendations and requirements performance standard due to incorrect identification
for acceptance testing and periodic calibration of x-ray labels and failure to use the required sampling for the
equipment, including x-ray generators. certification testing program. The distributor initiated
a recall by letter dated April 9, 2003. Verify receipt of
Citations from other ECRI publications the April 9, 2003, letter from Sedecal. For further
information, contact Sedecal by telephone at (847)
Health Devices 394-6960. Source: FDA Enforcement Rep 2003 Apr 30;
Radiographic quality control devices [evaluation]. Distributor.
2000 Apr;29(4):97-139.
39249 Davidson RA. Determination of radiographic
Eye on medical errors: radiographic QA programs help characteristics of tissue compensation filters using a
ensure high-quality healthcare. 2000 Apr;29(4): Compton scatter technique. Australas Phys Eng Sci
100-1. Med 2001 Sep;24(3):166-71.
Health Devices Alerts
39625 Wang JX, Zhang LA, Li BX, et al. Cancer inci-
This Product Comparison lists Health Devices Alerts dence and risk estimation among medical x-ray work-
(HDA) citations published since the last update of this ers in China, 1950-1995. Health Phys 2002 Apr;82(4):
report. Each HDA abstract is identified by an Acces- 455-66.
sion Number. Recalls and hazard reports include de-
scriptions of the problem involved; abstracts of other
published articles are referenced by bibliographic in- Supplier information
formation. HPCS subscribers can call the Hotline for
additional information on any of these citations or to
request more extensive searches of the HDA database. Americomp
A4443 FDA has designated Class II Recall No. Z-0494-
1 certain Philips Optimus CP x-ray generator firm- Americomp Inc [170184]
ware. If a bolus run is started on the systems, the 2901 W Lawrence Ave
injector may inject contrast medium without exposure. Chicago IL 60625-3621
The distributer initiated a recall by field change order Phone: (773) 588-2444, (800) 458-1782
on February 16, 2001. If you system has not been Fax: (773) 583-1751
modified, or for further information, contact Philips E-mail: info@americompus.net
Medical Systems North America by telephone at (800) Internet: http://www.americompus.net
455-4350. Source: FDA Enforcement Rep 2001 Apr 25;
Distributor.
Amrad
A4493 FDA has designated Class II Recall Nos.
Z-579/581-1 certain Toshiba x-ray generator/controls. Summit Industries Inc [171242]
The x-ray generator/controls do not comply with 2901 W Lawrence Ave
21 CFR 1020.31(a)(2) because exposure nontermina- Chicago IL 60625-3621
tion can occur as a result of tube arcing. The manufac- Phone: (773) 588-2444, (800) 972-9776
turer initiated a recall by letter dated July 19, 2001. Fax: (773) 588-3424
Identify any affected product in your inventory. Follow E-mail: info@summitindustries.net
the instructions for safe use of the x-ray generators. Internet: http://www.summitindustries.net
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 9
Healthcare Product Comparison System
10 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 11
Healthcare Product Comparison System
12 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
Toshiba Medical (Australia) Pty Ltd [373230] Note: The following companies did not provide us
5 Byfield Street with any product information in time for publication.
North Ryde, NSW 2113 Their addresses are listed as a service to our readers.
Australia Innomed Medical Inc [150026]
Phone: 61 (2) 98876000 Szabo Jozsef utca 12
Fax: 61 (2) 98874866 H-1146 Budapest
Internet: http://www.medical.toshiba.com.au Hungary
Phone: 36 (1) 4609200
Toshiba Medical Systems Europe bv [160817]
Fax: 36 (1) 4609222
Zilverstraat 1
E-mail: innomed@innomed.hu
NL-2718 RP Zoetermeer
Internet: http://www.innomed.hu
The Netherlands
Phone: 31 (79) 3689222 Oy Medira AB [162451]
Fax: 31 (79) 3689444 Ilkontie 1
E-mail: info@tmse.nl FIN-36220 Kangasala
Internet: http://www.toshiba-europe.com/medical Finland
Phone: 358 (3) 2345200
Fax: 358 (3) 2345250
E-mail: medira@medira.fi
Internet: http://www.medira.fi
Villa Roentgen-Service AG [170912]
Meierholweg 4
Villa Sistemi Medicali SpA [156442]
Emmen
via delle Azalee 3
CH-6032 Luzern
I-20090 Buccinasco MI
Switzerland
Italy
Phone: 41 (41) 2600266
Phone: 39 (02) 488591
Fax: 41 (41) 2608266
Fax: 39 (02) 4881844
Internet: http://www.roentgen-service.ch
E-mail: sales@villasm.com
Internet: http://www.villasm.com
About the chart specifications
The following abbreviations are used in the chart:
ABS Automatic brightness stabilization
VMI
AEC Automatic exposure control
VMI Industria e Comercio Ltda [174435] CE Communaute Europeen
Rua Pref Eliseu Alves da Silva 400
Dist Industrial Genesco Aparecido de Oliveira CE mark Conformite Europeene mark
Lagoa Santa-MG 33400-000
CRT Cathode ray tube
Brazil
Phone: 55 (31) 36819560 CSA Canadian Standards Association
Fax: 55 (31) 36819565
E-mail: vmi.bh@zaz.com DSS Digital satellite system
EEC European Economic Community
EN European Norm
X-Ray Marketing Assoc [106898] FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration
1205 W Lakeview Ct FET Field-effect transistor
Romeoville IL 60446-6500
Phone: (630) 378-1992, (800) 325-8880 HL7 Health Level 7
Fax: (630) 378-1048
HV High voltage
E-mail: webmaster@xma.com
Internet: http://www.xma.com IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 13
Healthcare Product Comparison System
IGBT Insulated-gate bipolar transistor and specifications are subject to frequent changes.
ECRI is not responsible for the quality or validity of
ISO International Organization for Standardiza-
the information presented or for any adverse conse-
tion
quences of acting on such information.
LCD Liquid crystal display
When reading the charts, keep in mind that, unless
LED Light-emitting diode otherwise noted, the list price does not reflect supplier
discounts. And although we try to indicate which
MDD Medical Devices Directive features and characteristics are standard and which
PC Personal computer are not, some may be optional, at additional cost.
PMT Photomultiplier tube For those models whose prices were supplied to us
in currencies other than U.S. dollars, we have also
SCR Silicon-controlled rectifier listed the conversion to U.S. dollars to facilitate com-
parison among models. However, keep in mind that
UL Underwriters Laboratories
exchange rates change often.
UPS Uninterruptible power supply
Note: The data in the charts derive from suppli-
Need to know more?
ers specifications and have not been verified through For further information about the contents of this
independent testing by ECRI or any other agency. Product Comparison, contact the HPCS Hotline at +1
Because test methods vary, different products specifi- (610) 825-6000, ext. 5265; +1 (610) 834-1275 (fax); or
cations are not always comparable. Moreover, products hpcs@ecri.org (e-mail).
About ECRI . . .
ECRI is a nonprofit health services research agency and a Collaborating Center of the World Health
Organization, providing information and technical assistance to the healthcare community to support
safe and cost-effective patient care for more than 25 years. The results of ECRIs research and
experience are available through its publications, information systems, databases, technical assis-
tance program, laboratory services, seminars, and fellowships.
Our full-time staff includes a wide range of specialists in healthcare technology, hospital admini-
stration, financial analysis, risk management, and information and computer science, as well as
hospital planners, attorneys, physicists; biomedical, electrical, electronic, chemical, mechanical, and
registered engineers; physicians; basic medical scientists; epidemiologists and biostatisticians; and
writers, editors, and communications specialists.
Underlying ECRIs knowledge base in healthcare technology are its integrity and objectivity. ECRI
accepts no financial support from medical product manufacturers, and no employee may own stock
in or consult for a medical equipment or pharmaceutical company.
The scope of ECRIs resources extends far beyond technology. ECRI keeps healthcare professionals,
manufacturers, legal professionals, information specialists, and others aware of the changing trends
in healthcare, healthcare standards and regulations, and the best ways to handle environmental and
occupational health and safety issues. ECRI also advises on management issues related to healthcare
cost containment, accreditation, risk management, human resources, quality of care, and other
complex topics.
ECRI has more than 35 publications, databases, software, and services to fulfill the growing need
for healthcare information and decision support. They focus on three primary areas: healthcare
technology, healthcare risk and quality management, and healthcare environmental management.
14 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 30 37.5 30
mA @ kVp 300 @ 100 300 @ 100 300 @ 125 300 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-125 40-125
mA range
Small focus 50, 100 50, 100 50, 100 50, 100
Large focus 150, 200, 250, 300 150, 200, 250, 300 150, 200, 300 150, 200, 250, 300
Anatomic
programming No Yes No Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No No
kV range NA NA NA NA
mA range NA NA NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 15
Healthcare Product Comparison System
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No No No No
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1 1 1 1
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 230-250 VAC, 230-250 VAC, 230-250 VAC, 230/250 VAC, single-
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, phase, 100 A minimum
100 A minimum 100 A minimum 70 A minimum
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 5 x 30 x 18 5 x 30 x 18 117 x 58 x 30 5 x 30 x 18
(2 x 11.8 x 7.1) (2 x 11.8 x 7.1) (46.1 x 22.8 x 11.8) (2 x 11.8 x 7.1)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 94 x 51 x 46 94 x 51 x 46 123 x 45 x 41 94 x 51 x 46
(37 x 20.1 x 18.1) (37 x 20.1 x 18.1) (48.4 x 17.7 x 16.1) (37 x 20.1 x 18.1)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $12,320 $13,150 $6,985 $11,250
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements
of UL. of UL. of UL. of UL.
16 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 37.5 37.5 50 40 : 50
mA @ kVp 300 @ 125 300 @ 125 500 @ 100 500 @ 80 :
630 @ 80
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125, optional 150 40-125, optional 150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 50, 100 25-200 in 25 mA 25-500 in 25 mA 10-500 : 10-630
Large focus 150, 200, 300 25-375 in 25 mA 25-500 in 25 mA 10-500 : 10-630
Anatomic
programming No Yes Yes 768 programs
mA range NA NA NA NA : 0.5-6
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA : 30
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA : Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA : No
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA : Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 17
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 320-250 VAC, single- 230/250 VAC, single- 400 VAC, 3-phase, 380 VAC 10%,
phase, 70 A minimum phase, 100 A minimum 100 A minimum 50/60 Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 117 x 58 x 30 8 x 43 x 23 8 x 43 x 23 7 x 56 x 23
(46.1 x 22.8 x 11.8) (3.1 x 16.9 x 9.1) (3.1 x 16.9 x 9.1) (2.8 x 22 x 9.1)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 123 x 45 x 41 94 x 41 x 46 94 x 41 x 46 123 x 45 x 41
(48.4 x 17.7 x 16.1) (37 x 16.1 x 18.1) (37 x 16.1 x 18.1) (48.4 x 17.7 x 16.1)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $6,985 $16,210 $20,545 Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified 1998
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Digital display;
of UL>. of UL. of UL. full x-ray tube
protection; 3-, 2-,
1-point techniques;
optional capacitor-
discharge model
(GTI 30HF/DC). Meets
requirements of ISO.
18 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 65 : 80 30 : 40 30 40 : 50
mA @ kVp 800 @ 80 : 300 @ 125 : 360 @ 80, 500 @ 80, 400 @ 100,
1,000 @ 80 500 @ 90, 300 @ 100, 200 @ 150 :
400 @ 110, 150 @ 150 600 @ 80, 500 @ 100,
300 @ 125 250 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-125 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-800 : 10-1,000 25-100 20-200 20-200
Large focus 10-800 : 10-1,000 100-300 : 100-500 100-400 100-500 : 100-600
Anatomic
programming 768 programs No 100 exams 100 exams
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 30 10 10 10
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Optional No No No
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 19
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380 VAC 10%, 208-240 VAC : 208-240 VAC, single 208-240 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase 380 VAC; 50/60 Hz, or 3 phase or 50/60 Hz, single or
100 A, single phase 380-400 VAC, 3 phase or
3 phase, 50/60 Hz 380-400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3 phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 7 x 56 x 23 109 x 40 x 33 40 x 46 x 95 40 x 46 x 95
(2.8 x 22 x 9.1) (43 x 16 x 13) (16 x 18 x 37.5) (16 x 18 x 37.5)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Not specified 58 x 33 x 46 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(23 x 13 x 18)
Weight, kg (lb) 107 (236) 154 (340) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
20 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 30 : 40 50 65 : 80
mA @ kVp 500 @ 100, 400 @ 80, 300 @ 100, 600 @ 80, 500 @ 100, 800 @ 80, 650 @ 100,
400 @ 125 150 @ 150 : 250 @ 150 420 @ 150 :
500 @ 80, 400 @ 100, 1,000 @ 80,
200 @ 150 800 @ 100, 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-200 20-200 20-200 20-200
Large focus 100-500 100-400 : 100-500 100-600 100-800 : 100-1,000
Anatomic
programming 127 exams 160 exams 160 exams 160 exams
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 10 10 10 10
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec No No No No
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 21
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208-240 VAC, 100 A, 208-240 VAC, 240 or 380-400 VAC, 380/480 VAC,
50/60 Hz, single- 50/60 Hz, single- or 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase
phase 3-phase or
380-400 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 38 x 41 x 36 40 x 46 x 95 40 x 46 x 95 57 x 56 x 203
(15 x 16 x 14) (15.7 x 18 x 37.5) (15.7 x 18 x 37.5) (22.5 x 22.3 x 80)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 56 x 66 x 84 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(22 x 26 x 33)
Weight, kg (lb) 234 (515) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
22 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 : 32 40 : 50 32 40
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 : 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-400 * 25-500 : 25-600 * 10-320 * 10-500 *
Large focus 25-400 * 25-500 : 25-600 * 10-320 * 10-500 *
Switching FET inverter, FET inverter, 100 FET inverter, FET inverter, 100
100 kHz kHz : Not specified 100 kHz kHz
AEC Yes Yes Yes Yes
Detector type Ion chamber or Ion chamber or Ion chamber, solid- Ion chamber, solid-
solid-state solid-state : state, or PMT state, or PMT
Not specified
Anatomic
programming 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50;
3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 ***
Automatic
brightness control NA NA Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 23
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 208/230 VAC, single- 400/480 VAC, 3-phase * 230 VAC, single- 213 VAC, single-
phase : 400/480 3- phase; 400/480, phase; 400/480,
phase * 3-phase * 3-phase *
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 3.7 x 10.9 x 12.3 3.7 x 10.9 x 12.3 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3
(1.5 x 4.3 x 4.8) (1.5 x 4.3 x 4.8) (1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8) (1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 24.3 x 13.7 x 19.7 24.3 x 13.7 x 19.7 48.7 x 22 x 18.2 48.7 x 22 x 18.2
(9.6 x 5.4 x 7.8) (9.6 x 5.4 x 7.8) (19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2) (19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare
service software, service software, service software, service software,
laptop interface, laptop interface, DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter-
pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall face, laptop inter- face, laptop inter-
mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro,
switch, collimator, switch, collimator, pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall
lamp power. lamp power. mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand-
switch, kV/mAs step- switch, kV/mAs step-
ping, color touch- ping, color touch-
screen, integral screen, integral
DAP, falling load DAP, falling load
operation, custom operation, custom
interfaces, 3-phase interfaces, 3-phase
208/240 VAC line 208/240 VAC line
adjust transformer. adjust transformer.
24 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 65 80 100
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-630 * 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 *
Large focus 10-630 * 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 *
mAs range 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC)
Anatomic
programming 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50; 2.5, 6, 12.5, 25,50;
3, 7.5, 15, 20, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 *** 3, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 ***
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 25
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 3-phase * 400/480 VAC, 3-phase * 400/480 VAC, 3-phase * 400/480 VAC, 3-
phase *
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3 3.7 x 16.6 x 12.3
(1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8) (1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8) (1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8) (1.5 x 6.5 x 4.8)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 48.7 x 22 x 18.2 48.7 x 22 x 18.2 48.7 x 22 x 18.2 48.7 x 22 x 18.2
(19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2) (19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2) (19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2) (19.2 x 8.7 x 7.2)
Weight, kg (lb) 112 (247) 113 (249.2) 114 (251.4) 115 (253.6)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare Optional GenWare
service software, service software, service software, service software,
DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter-
face, laptop inter- face, laptop inter- face, laptop inter- face, laptop inter-
face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro,
pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall
mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand-
switch, kV/mAs step- switch, kV/mAs step- switch, kV/mAs step- switch, kV/mAs step-
ping, color touch- ping, color touch- ping, color touch- ping, color touch-
screen, integral screen, integral screen, integral screen, integral
DAP, falling load DAP, falling load DAP, falling load DAP, falling load
operation, custom operation, custom operation, custom operation, custom
interfaces, 3-phase interfaces, 3-phase interfaces. interfaces.
208/240 VAC line 208/240 VAC line
adjust transformer. adjust transformer.
26 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30 : 37.5 50 30 50
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-300 : 25-375 * 25-500 * 10-320 10-630 *
Large focus 25-300 : 25-375 * 25-500 * 10-320 10-630 *
mAs range Not specified Not specified 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC) 0.5-1,000 (non-AEC)
Anatomic
programming 1,728 techniques 1,728 techniques 768 techniques 768 techniques
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA Not specified Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA 3, 7.5, 15, 30 3, 7.5, 15, 30
Automatic
brightness control NA NA Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 27
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 230 VAC, single- 400/480 VAC, 3- 240 VAC, single- 400/480 VAC, 3-phase
phase; 400/480 3- phase phase; 400/480 VAC,
phase : 400/480 3- 3-phase
phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 3 x 17 x 8.8 3 x 17 x 8.8 6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1 6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1
(1.2 x 6.7 x 3.4) (1.2 x 6.7 x 3.4) (2.4 x 22 x 9.1) (2.4 x 22 x 9.1)
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 37.5 x 16 x 18 37.5 x 16 x 18 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3
(14.8 x 6.3 x 7.1) (14.8 x 6.3 x 7.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Optional services Optional services Optional GenWare Optional GenWare
software, laptop software, laptop service software, service software,
interface, pedestal interface, pedestal DSS, digital inter- DSS, digital inter-
stand, wall mount, stand, wall mount, face, laptop inter- face, laptop inter-
x-ray handswitch, x-ray handswitch, face, remote fluoro, face, remote fluoro,
150 kV option, 150 kV option, pedestal stand, wall pedestal stand, wall
collimator, lamp collimator, lamp mount, x-ray hand- mount, x-ray hand-
power. power. switch, A2EC**@,p- switch, A2EC2,
kV/mAs stepping. kV/mAs stepping.
28 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 65 80 50 40 : 50
mA @ kVp Not specified Not specified 500 @ 100 400 @ 100 :
500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 45-125 40-125
mA range
Small focus 10-800 ** 10-1,000 ** 50-100 600 max : 700 max
Large focus 10-800 ** 10-1,000 ** 200-500 600 max : 700 max
Anatomic
programming 768 techniques 768 techniques Yes Yes
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 3, 7.5, 15, 30 3, 7.5, 15, 30 NA NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 29
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Manual Yes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 3-phase 400/480 VAC, 3-phase 220/380/440 VAC, 208-240 VAC, 1-phase
50/60 Hz (30 kW version) or
208-480 VAC, 3-phase
: 208-480 VAC,
3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1 6.1 x 55.9 x 23.1 92 x 53 x 36 92.7 x 40.6 x 32.4
(2.4 x 22 x 9.1) (2.4 x 22 x 9.1) (36.2 x 20.9 x 14.2) (36.5 x 16 x 12.8)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 17.7 x 61.3 x 53.3 42 x 45 x 52 161 x 67.3 x 49.5
(7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (7 x 24.1 x 21.1) (16.5 x 17.7 x 20.5) (63.3 x 26.5 x 19.5)
rack cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) 240 (529.2) 240 (529.2) 166 (366) 272 (600)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified $15,000 $17,500 : $25,000
30 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
ATC 550 : ATC 750 ATC 650 : ATC 850 GX-525 CPX 160
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes No Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 : 50 65 : 80 30 60
mA @ kVp 400 @ 100 : 800 @ 80, 630 @ 300 @ 100 800 @ 75
500 @ 100 100 : 1,000 @ 80,
800 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-125 40-150
mA range
Small focus 320 max 320 max 500 max 10-800 *
Large focus 500 max : 600 max 800 max : 1,000 max 500 max 10-800 *
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes No Yes
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 30 30 NA Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified NA 5; 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified 3.75/7.5/15/30 NA 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5,
3.75 (optional)
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA Yes **
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 31
Healthcare Product Comparison System
ATC 550 : ATC 750 ATC 650 : ATC 850 GX-525 CPX 160
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Yes Yes Yes Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 3-phase 400/480 VAC, 3-phase 240 VAC, 150 A, 208/220-240/400-480
60 Hz, 1-phase or VAC, 50/60 Hz,
208-480 VAC, single-phase
50/60 Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 88.9 x 55.9 x 25.4 88.9 x 55.9 x 25.4 33 x 25.4 x 7.6 6.6 x 43 x 23
(35 x 22 x 10) (35 x 22 x 10) (13 x 10 x 3) (2.6 x 17 x 9)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 175 x 61 x 54 175 x 61 x 54 27.9 x 38.1 x 43.2 155 x 56 x 53
(68.9 x 24 x 21.3) (68.9 x 24 x 21.3) (11 x 15 x 17); 46 x (61 x 22 x 21)
rack cabinet rack cabinet 66 x 46 (18 x 26 x
18) power module
Weight, kg (lb) 317.5 (700) 317.5 (700) 54 (118); 55 (120) 545 (1,200)
power module
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $20,000 : $23,500 $40,575 : $50,775 $13,000 Not specified
32 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 60 80 100 28 : 42
mA @ kVp 800 @ 75 1,000 @ 80 1,000 @ 100 200 @ 140 :
300 @ 140
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 100-140
mA range
Small focus 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 * NA
Large focus 10-800 * 10-1,000 * 10-1,000 * NA
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes Yes No
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 5; 10 with ABS 5; 10 with ABS 5; 10; 20 with ABS NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5, 30, 15, 10, 7.5, 5, 30, 15, 7.5 NA
3.75 (optional) 3.75 (optional)
Automatic
brightness control Yes ** Yes ** Yes NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 33
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic DC input
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 6.6 x 43 x 23 6.6 x 43 x 23 6.6 x 43 x 23 NA
(2.6 x 17 x 9) (2.6 x 17 x 9) (2.6 x 17 x 9)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 160 x 56 x 58 160 x 56 x 58 160 x 56 x 58 22 x 28 x 41
(63 x 22 x 23) (63 x 22 x 23) (63 x 22 x 23) (8.7 x 11 x 16.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 636 (1,400) 636 (1,400) 636 (1,400) 18.5 (40.8)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
34 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 45 : 50 45 : 50 65 : 80 65 : 80
mA @ kVp 500 @ 90 : 500 @ 90 : 800 @ 80 : 800 @ 80 :
630 @ 80 630 @ 80 1,000 @ 80 1,000 @ 80
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-500 : 10-630 10-500 : 10-630 10-800 : 10-1,000 10-800 : 10-1,000
Large focus 10-500 : 10-630 10-500 : 10-630 10-800 : 10-1,000 10-800 : 10-1,000
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA Up to 90 (optional) NA Up to 90 (optional)
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA 5 : 10 with ABS, 20 NA 5 : 10 with ABS, 20
high-level fluoro high-level fluoro
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30 NA 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 30
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes NA Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 35
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400/480 VAC, 400/480 VAC, 400/480 VAC, 400-480 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 5.5 x 33.3 x 27.6 5.5 x 33.3 x 27.6 5.5 x 33.3 x 27.6 5.5 x 33.3 x 27.6
(2.2 x 13.1 x 10.9) (2.2 x 13.1 x 10.9) (2.2 x 13.1 x 10.9) (2.2 x 13.1 x 10.9)
Weight, kg (lb) 2.6 (5.7) 2.6 (5.7) 2.6 (5.7) 2.6 (5.7)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 57.5 x 43.7 x 47.4 57.5 x 43.7 x 47.4 57.5 x 43.7 x 47.4 57.5 x 43.7 x 47.4
(22.6 x 17.2 x 18.7) (22.6 x 17.2 x 18.7) (22.6 x 17.2 x 18.7) (22.6 x 17.2 x 18.7)
36 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 50 : 65 : 80 32, 50, 65, 80 32; 50 optional
mA @ kVp 500 @ 100 See footnote * Not specified Not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-150 40-150 kVp 40-150 kVp
mA range
Small focus 1-300 Not specified 10-400 @ 32 kW ** 10-400; 630 @ 50 kW
Large focus 1-500 Not specified 10-400 @ 32 kW ** 10-400; 630 @ 50 kW
Anatomic
programming 75 programs 48 programmable >1,700 programs >1,700 programs
mA range NA 0.4-10 NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA 12 NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA 95 NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA Not specified NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 37
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Yes 10% 10%
POWER REQUIREMENTS 360-440 VAC, 380-480 VAC, 380-480 VAC, 10%; 380-480 VAC, 10%;
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 5%; 50/60 Hz, 5%;
3-phase 3-phase 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 28 x 20 x 4 195.1 x 101.6 x 44.5 159.8 x 45 x 54.9 NA (integrated into
(11 x 7.9 x 1.6) (76.8 x 40 x 17.5) (62.9 x 17.7 x 21.6) table base)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Integral Not specified Included in control 48.3 x 40 x 49.7
cabinet (19 x 15.7 x 19.6)
38 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 6 30 50 60
mA @ kVp 50 @ 125 300 @ 100 500 @ 100 600 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range NA 40-125 40-150 NA
mA range
Small focus NA 25-400 25-600 NA
Large focus NA 25-400 25-600 NA
AEC NA Yes No NA
Detector type NA Ion chamber NA NA
Anatomic
programming No No No NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 60 60 60 60
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS 10 with ABS
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-60 1-60 1-60 1-60
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 39
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60
Hz, single-phase Hz, single-phase Hz, 3-phase Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 61 x 63.5 x 25.4 68.6 x 81.3 x 193
(24 x 25 x 10) (24 x 25 x 10) (24 x 25 x 10) (27 x 32 x 76)
Weight, kg (lb) 22.9 (50) 31.7 (70) 31.7 (70) 136 (300)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 30.5 x 40.6 x 30.5 Included
(12 x 16 x 12) (12 x 16 x 12) (12 x 16 x 12)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $14,600 $16,150 $17,710 $21,875
40 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 20 30 40 50
mA @ kVp 200 @ 100 300 @ 100 400 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-300 25-400 25-500 25-600
Large focus 25-300 25-400 25-500 25-600
Anatomic
programming No No No No
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No No
kV range NA NA NA NA
mA range NA NA NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 41
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60 188-253 VAC, 50/60
Hz, single-phase Hz, single-phase Hz, 3-phase (option- Hz, 3-phase (option-
al 380 VAC, 3-phase) al 380 VAC, 3-phase)
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8 111.8 x 61 x 31.8
(44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5) (44 x 24 x 12.5)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included Included Included Included
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $7,290 (plus $9,115 (plus $11,400 $14,230
options) options)
Warranty 5 years 5 years 5 years 5 years
42 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
WHERE MARKETED Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
FDA CLEARANCE No No No No
CE MARK (MDD) No No No No
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 22 37 7.5 Not specified
mA @ kVp 300 @ 100, 500 @ 100, 300 @ 125 100 @ 120 kV 57 @ 120 kVp,
200 @ 125 600 @ 90 kVp
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 40-125 120 55, 73, 90, 120
mA range
Small focus 1.0 mm 1.0 mm 1.0 mm 1.0 mm
Large focus 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm 2.0 mm
Anatomic
programming No No Yes Yes
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No No No No
kV range NA NA NA NA
mA range NA NA NA NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA NA NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA NA NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA NA NA NA
Automatic
brightness control NA NA NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 43
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Yes Yes Manual Manual
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 220 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 220/380/415 VAC,
single-phase single-phase single-phase 60 Hz, single-
phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 95 x 30 x 62 Not specified 24 x 42 x 33 53 x 31 x 75
(37.4 x 11.8 x 24.4) (9.4 x 16.5 x 13) (20.9 x 12.2 x 29.5)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 76 x 43 x 53 Not specified 37 x 44 x 33 36 x 41 x 60
(29.9 x 16.9 x 20.9) (14.6 x 17.3 x 13) (14.2 x 16.1 x 23.6)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements Meets requirements
of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001. of ISO 9001.
44 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
TYPE Single-phase, 3-phase (6- or 12- 100 kHz resonance 100 kHz resonance
full wave pulse)
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Software controlled Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 2.5 50 (30-80) 15 kW @ 69 kVp 30
mA @ kVp 200 @ 85 kVp 500 @ 100; 300-800 @ 217 mA @ 69 kVp 300
not specified
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 75, 85 40-125, optional 150 20-69 40-135 kVp
mA range
Small focus 2.0 mm 50-200 Tube dependent Tube dependent
Large focus 2.0 mm 50-500 Tube dependent Tube dependent
Anatomic
programming Yes 80 programs Yes Yes
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA Not specified NA 30
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA Not specified NA Selectable
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA Not specified NA 7.5-30
Automatic
brightness control NA Not specified NA Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 45
Healthcare Product Comparison System
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified 300 (661) 110 (242.6) 110 (242.6)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified DM 35,000-40,000 Not specified Not specified
(US$15,259-17,438)
Warranty 18 months 1 year 2 years 2 years
46 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
TYPE 100 kHz resonance 100 kHz resonance High frequency, High frequency,
25 kHz (50 kHz 100 kHz, 3-phase
ripple)
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 50 14 50 or 80
mA @ kVp 400 500 140 @ 100, 600 @ 80, 500 @ 100,
200 @ 60, 400 @ 125, 320 @ 125
130 @ 84, or 800 @ 100, 640 @
100 @ 120 125, 530 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-135 kVp 40-135 : 40-150 40-120 40-150 (111 steps)
mA range
Small focus Tube dependent Tube dependent 100-200 35-600 (10 steps) *
Large focus Tube dependent Tube dependent NA 35-600 (10 steps) *
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes 16 programs 840 programmable
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 30 30 NA Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Selectable Selectable NA Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 7.5-30 7.5-30 NA Not specified
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 47
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 4.5 x 30.5 x 34 4.5 x 30.5 x 34 105 x 70 x 50 87 x 43 x 19
(1.8 x 12 x 13.4) (1.8 x 12 x 13.4) (41.3 x 27.5 x 19.7) (34.3 x 16.9 x 7.5)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 35.6 x 50.8 x 37.5 35.6 x 50.8 x 37.5 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(14 x 20 x 14.8) (14 x 20 x 14.8)
Weight, kg (lb) 110 (242.6) 110 (242.6) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified $17,000-30,500 15,000 (US$15,937),
17,000 (US$18,062)
Warranty 2 years 2 years 1 year Not specified
48 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 65 80 50
mA @ kVp 650 @ 70, 900 @ 70, 1,100 @ 70, 630 @ 80,
500 @ 100, 650 @ 100, 800 @ 100, 500 @ 100,
400 @ 125, 520 @ 125, 640 @ 125, 400 @ 125,
333 @ 150 433 @ 150 533 @ 150 320 2 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 1-650 1-900 1-1,100 10-630
Large focus 1-650 (depends on 1-900 (depends on 1-1,100 (depends on 10-630 (depends on
tube type) tube type) tube type) tube type)
mAs range 0.5-850 0.5-800 0.5-800 0.5-850
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes Yes Yes
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 6 6 6 8*
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec No No Not specified 0.5-15
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 49
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
SELF-DIAGNOSTICS Displays error codes Displays error codes Displays error codes Displays error codes
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC +6/-10% with
50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase neutral and ground
conductors,
3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 195 x 55 x 52 195 x 55 x 52 195 x 55 x 52 195 x 55 x 52
(76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 220 (485) 220 (485) 220 (485) 250 (552)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 105 x 53 x 52
(41.3 x 20.9 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 126 (277.8)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS 1,000+ APRs; Vario 1,000+ APRs; Vario 1,000+ APRS; Vario DSI compatible;
Focus; x-ray tube Focus; x-ray tube Focus; x-ray tube control desk; grid-
overload protection; overload protection; overload protection; controlled (pulsed)
6 x 43 x 33.5 cm 6 x 43 x 33.5 cm 6 x 43 x 33.5 cm fluoroscopy; comp-
(2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in) (2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in) (2.4 x 17 x 13.2 in) uter-corrected
operator control operator control operator control exposure parameters
panel; tomographic panel; tomographic panel; tomographic based on fluoro-
density control. density control. density control. scopic data; single-
plane cine imaging;
interface for
universal and
peripheral angio;
optional patient
data printout.
50 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 80 100 30 : 50 65 : 80
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 80, 1,000 @ 100, 300 @ 100, 800 @ 80,
800 @ 100, 800 @ 125, 200 @ 150 : 400 @ 150 :
630 @ 125, 630 @ 150 600 @ 80, 1,000 @ 80,
500 @ 150 300 @ 150 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-1,000 10-1,000 10-300 : 10-600 10-800 : 10-1,000
Large focus 10-1,000 (depends on 10-1,000 (depends on 10-300 : 10-600 10-800 : 10-1,000
tube type) tube type)
mAs range 0.5-850 0.5-850 0.5-600 0.5-600
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes 216 programmable 216 programmable
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 8* 8* Not specified 25 : 50
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified 5 and 10, adjusted 5 and 10, adjusted
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 0.5-15 0.5-15 Not specified : In development :
In development Up to 60
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 51
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400 VAC +6/-10% with 400 VAC +6/-10% with 220 or 380 VAC : 380 or 480 VAC
neutral and ground neutral and ground 380 or 480 VAC
conductors, conductors,
3-phase 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 195 x 55 x 52 195 x 55 x 52 180 x 60 x 55 180 x 60 x 55
(76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (76.8 x 21.6 x 20.5) (71 x 24 x 22) (71 x 24 x 22)
Weight, kg (lb) 250 (552) 250 (552) 150 (330) 150 (330)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 105 x 53 x 52 105 x 53 x 52 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
(41.3 x 20.9 x 20.5) (41.3 x 20.9 x 20.5)
Weight, kg (lb) 126 (277.8) 126 (277.8) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified $25,000 : $44,000 $53,000 : $65,000
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS DSI compatible; DSI compatible; Touchscreen; 2- or Touchscreen; 2- or
control desk; grid- control desk; grid- 3-point; heat dis- 3-point; heat dis-
controlled (pulsed) controlled (pulsed) play; automatic play; automatic
fluoroscopy; comp- fluoroscopy; comp- calibration; calibration;
uter-corrected uter-corrected 8 devices; interface 8 devices; interface
exposure parameters exposure parameters board; service board; service
based on fluoro- based on fluoro- panel; tube panel; tube
scopic data; single- scopic data; single- selection. Meets selection. Meets
plane cine imaging; plane cine imaging; requirements of requirements of
interface for interface for IEC 601-1. IEC 601-1.
universal and universal and
peripheral angio; peripheral angio;
optional patient optional patient
data printout. data printout.
52 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 100 80 50 50 *
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 100 800 @ 100 500 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-150 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-160 10-160 10-160 10-160
Large focus 10-1,250 10-1,000 10-630 10-630
Anatomic
programming 90 stations 400 stations 400 stations 224 stations :
384 stations
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Yes
kV range 50-110 50-125 50-125 50-125
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 120 30 30 30
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 10 10 10
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 53
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 380, 400, 415, 380, 400, 415, 440, 380, 400, 415, 440, 380, 400, 415, 440,
480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz, 480 VAC, 50/60 Hz,
3-phase or 210 VAC, 3-phase 3-phase 3-phase
50/60 Hz, 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 182 x 73 x 60 175 x 80 x 40 175 x 80 x 40 71 x 90 x 40
(71.7 x 26.7 x 23.5) (68.9 x 31.5 x 15.8) (68.9 x 31.5 x 15.8) (28 x 35.4 x 15.7) :
91.5 x 97 x 45
(36 x 38.2 x 17.7)
Weight, kg (lb) 270 (595) 250 (551.3) 240 (529.2) 180 (396.9) :
230 (507.2)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
54 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp See footnote * 50 32 40
mA @ kVp 500 @ 100 500 @ 100 320 @ 100 400 @ 102
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 38-125 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-160 10-160 50, 63, 80 25-400
Large focus 10-630 10-630 100, 125, 160, 200, 25-400
250, 320
mAs range 0.5-500 0.5-800 0.2-320 0.1-500
Anatomic
programming 224 stations 224 stations 24 programs ** Up to 250 in 2
tables
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes No Yes
kV range 50-125 50-125 NA 40-110
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 30 30 NA Not specified
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 10 NA 5/10
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 3.75, 7.5, 15, 30 NA 30/15/7.5/5.3/3.75
Automatic
brightness control Yes : NA Yes NA See footnote ***
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Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic 10% Automatic
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 71 x 90 x 40 91.5 x 97 x 45 95.1 x 57.3 x 41 7 x 38 x 31
(28 x 35.4 x 15.7) (36 x 38.2 x 17.7) (37 x 22.6 x 16.1); (2.8 x 15 x 12.2)
90.8 x 50 x 25
(35.7 x 20 x 9.8)
console
Weight, kg (lb) 180 (396.9) 230 (507.2) Not specified 3.5 (7.7)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 69.2 x 58.3 x 35.7
(27.2 x 23 x 14.1)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
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X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 50 65 32 30
mA @ kVp 500 @ 102 640 @ 102 320 @ 100 320 @ 93
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150 40-125, 40-150 40-125 or 40-150
mA range
Small focus 25-500 25-640 10-400 10-320
Large focus 25-500 25-640 10-400 10-320
Anatomic
programming Up to 250 in 2 Up to 250 in 2 Up to 864 programs Up to 864 programs
tables tables (touchscreen model) (touchscreen model)
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes No
kV range 40-110 40-110 40-120 NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 5/10 5/10 Not specified NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 30/15/7.5/5.3/3.75 30/15/7.5/5.3/3.75 1-30 NA
Automatic
brightness control See footnote * See footnote * Optional NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 57
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 7 x 38 x 31 7 x 38 x 31 54.5 x 36 x 64.2 Not specified
(2.8 x 15 x 12.2) (2.8 x 15 x 12.2) (21.5 x 14.2 x 25.3)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 69.2 x 58.3 x 35.7 69.2 x 58.3 x 35.7 Not specified Not specified
(27.2 x 23 x 14.1) (27.2 x 23 x 14.1)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
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X-ray Generators
FDA CLEARANCE Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
CE MARK (MDD) Yes Yes Yes Yes
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 40 50 50
mA @ kVp 400 @ 100 400 @ 100 500 @ 100 500 @ 100
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 or 40-150 40-125 or 40-150 40-125 or 40-150 40-125 or 40-150
mA range
Small focus 10-500 10-400 10-630 10-500
Large focus 10-500 10-400 10-630 10-500
Anatomic
programming Up to 864 programs Up to 864 programs Up to 864 programs Up to 864 programs
(touchscreen model) (touchscreen model) (touchscreen model) (touchscreen model)
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes No Yes No
kV range 40-120 NA 40-120 NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified NA Not specified NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified NA Not specified NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-30 Na 1-30 NA
Automatic
brightness control Optional NA Optional NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 59
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/480 VAC, 220/240 VAC, 220/480 VAC, 220/240 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz,
single- or 3-phase single-phase single- or 3-phase single-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 54.5 x 36 x 64.2 Not specified 54.5 x 36 x 64.2 Not specified
(21.5 x 14.2 x 25.3) (21.5 x 14.2 x 25.3)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year January to December January to December January to December January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. Load capacity 52,500 None specified. Load capacity
mAs @ 100 kV; UPS 127,500 mAs @ 100
option. kV; UPS option.
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X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes No
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 65 80 80 100
mA @ kVp 650 @ 100 800 @ 100 1,000 @ 80, 1,250 @ 80,
800 @ 100, 1,000 @ 100,
630 @ 125, 800 @ 125,
500 @ 150 630 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 or 40-150 40-150 40-150, 1 kV steps 50-125
mA range
Small focus 10-650 10-800 10-320, 6 steps Not specified
Large focus 10-650 10-800 10-1,000 Not specified
Anatomic
programming Up to 864 programs Up to 864 programs Yes Not specified
(touchscreen model) (touchscreen model)
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE Yes Yes Yes Yes
kV range 40-120 40-120 50-125, 1 kV steps 50-125 continuous,
50-110 pulsed
mA range 0.5-5 0.5-5 0.5-4, 0.1 mA steps 0.5-4 continuous
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 30 Not specified 6 1
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified 10 (federal limit) 10 (federal limit)
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-30 1-30 Optional 10-1,000
Automatic
brightness control Optional Optional Yes Yes
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 61
Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic Yes Yes
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 54.5 x 36 x 64.2 54.5 x 36 x 64.2 175 x 40 x 111 231.2 x 57.2 x 46.1
(21.5 x 14.2 x 25.3) (21.5 x 14.2 x 25.3) (68.9 x 15.7 x 43.7) (91 x 22.5 x 18.1)
Weight, kg (lb) 9.5 (20.9) 9.5 (20.9) 420 (924) 110 (242)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) Not specified Not specified Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
Weight, kg (lb) Not specified Not specified Included in cabinet Included in cabinet
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
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X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes No
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 32 50 50 55 : 70
mA @ kVp 320 mA @ 100 kVp 500 mA @ 100 kV 500 mA @ 100 kV 600 @ 100, 500 @
120, 300 @ 150 :
750 @ 95, 700 @ 100,
500 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 kV, 1 kV step 40-150 kV, 1 kV step 40-150 kV, 1 kV step 40-125
mA range
Small focus 10-400, 17 kV steps 10-630, 19 steps 10-630, 19 steps 25-200
Large focus Not specified Not specified Not specified 200-600 : 200-750
mAs range 0.5-500, 31 steps 0.25-1,000, 35 steps 0.25-1,000, 35 steps Not specified
Timer range, sec 0.001-6.3 sec, 39 0.001-6.3 sec, 39 0.001-6.3 sec, 39 0.01-8 : 0.01-6
steps steps steps
Switching IGBT IGBT IGBT SCR
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes Yes No
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA 25 fps NA 8
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA Not specified NA Not specified
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA 30 NA Not specified
Automatic
brightness control NA Yes NA Yes
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Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Yes Yes Yes Optional
POWER REQUIREMENTS 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%, 400 VAC 10%, 220/380/415 VAC,
50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, single-
phase : 220/380/415
VAC, 50/60 Hz,
3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 62 x 50 x 35 124 x 46 x 41 124 x 46 x 41 97 x 79 x 39
(24.4 x 19.7 x 13.8) (48.8 x 18.1 x 16.1) (48.8 x 18.1 x 16.1) (38 x 31 x 15.4) :
97 x 93 x 39
(38 x 36.6 x 15.4)
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. None specified. None specified. None specified.
64 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED No Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 100 65 80 40 : 50
mA @ kVp 1,000 @ 100, 800 @ 81, 1,000 @ 80, 500 @ 80 :
800 @ 120, 630 @ 103, 800 @ 100, 400 @ 125
600 @ 150 500 @ 130, 630 @ 127,
400 @ 150 500 @ 150
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-150 40-150, 1 kV steps 40-150, 1 kV steps 40-125 : 40-150
mA range
Small focus 50-200 10-320 10-320 25-150
Large focus 300-1,000 32-800 32-1,000 200-500
Anatomic
programming No Yes Yes Yes
Maximum number of
exposures/sec 8 50 50 NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance Not specified Not specified Not specified NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec Not specified Yes Yes NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes Yes Yes
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Healthcare Product Comparison System
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Optional Yes Yes Automatic
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380/415 VAC, 220-400 VAC, 220-400 VAC, 220/380 VAC 10%,
50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 50/60 Hz, 3-phase
3-phase 3-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 97 x 79 x 39 195 x 55 x 52 195 x 55 x 52 98 x 62 x 35
(38 x 31 x 15.4) (76 x 21.7 x 20.5); (76 x 21.7 x 20.5); (38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8)
90 x 47 x 43 90 x 47 x 43
(35.4 x 18.5 x 16.9) (35.4 x 18.5 x 16.9)
operator console operator console
Weight, kg (lb) 177 (390) 200 (441); 25 (55.1) 200 (441); 25 (55.1) 8 (17.6)
operator console operator console
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 124 x 79 x 39 Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 85 x 50 x 39
(49 x 31 x 15.4) (33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4)
Weight, kg (lb) 380 (838) Included in cabinet Included in cabinet 80 (176) : 60 (132)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified Not specified Not specified $14,000 : $15,000
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year Not specified Not specified Not specified January to December
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS None specified. None specified. None specified. Tube overload,
tube filament, and
anode-circuit
failure protection
systems. Meets
requirements of
Health Ministry's
Sanitary Vigilance
certificate and
IEC 601.
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X-ray Generators
PULSAR Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 800 Infinity 325 Infinity HF30
(40 kW) : (50 kW)
WHERE MARKETED Worldwide Worldwide Canada, USA Canada, USA
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes Yes Yes Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 40 : 50 64 30 30
mA @ kVp 500 @ 80 : 800 @ 80 300 @ 125 500 mAs @ 125
400 @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125 : 40-150, 40-150, 30-125 40-125
1 kV increments 1 kV increments
mA range
Small focus 25-150 25-150 50-100 24-120
Large focus 200-500 200-800 150-300 240-360
Anatomic
programming Yes Yes No No
Maximum number of
exposures/sec Not specified Not specified NA NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance 10 with ABS 10 with ABS NA NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec 1-30 1-30 NA NA
Automatic
brightness control Yes Yes NA NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 67
Healthcare Product Comparison System
PULSAR Plus 500 PULSAR Plus 800 Infinity 325 Infinity HF30
(40 kW) : (50 kW)
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE Yes Yes No No
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 2 2 1 1
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic Automatic 12-step manual Manual
POWER REQUIREMENTS 220/380 VAC 10%, 220/380 VAC 10%, 240 VAC, 60 Hz, 240 VAC, 60 Hz,
50/60 Hz, 3-phase 50/60 Hz, 3-phase 100 A, single-phase 100 A, single-phase
DIMENSIONS
Control cabinet
H x W x D, cm (in) 98 x 62 x 35 98 x 62 x 35 106.7 x 56.5 x 27.9 91.4 x 26.7 x 22.9
(38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8) (38.6 x 24.4 x 13.8) (42 x 22.3 x 11) (36 x 10.5 x 9)
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 85 x 50 x 39 85 x 50 x 39 54.6 H x 38.1 diam 43.2 x 38.1 x 27.9
(33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4) (33.4 x 19.7 x 15.4) (21.5 H x 15 diam) (17 x 15 x 11)
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration $18,000 : $20,000 $24,000 Not specified Not specified
Year first sold Not specified Not specified Not specified Not specified
Fiscal year January to December January to December Not specified Not specified
OTHER SPECIFICATIONS Tube overload, Tube overload, Meets requirements None specified.
tube filament, and tube filament, and of UL.
anode-circuit anode-circuit
failure protection failure protection
systems. Meets systems. Meets
requirements of requirements of
Health Ministry's Health Ministry's
Sanitary Vigilance Sanitary Vigilance
certificate and certificate and
IEC 601. IEC 601.
68 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.
X-ray Generators
Infinity HF50SE
TYPE Single-phase,
high frequency
MICROPROCESSOR
CONTROLLED Yes
POWER RATING
kW rating @ 100 kVp 30
mA @ kVp 500 mAs @ 125
RADIOGRAPHIC MODE
kV range 40-125
mA range
Small focus 300 maximum
Large focus 300 maximum
AEC Optional
Detector type Ion chamber
Anatomic
programming No
FLUOROSCOPIC MODE No
kV range NA
mA range NA
Maximum number of
exposures/sec NA
Maximum exposure
rate, R/min at
patient entrance NA
Pulsed fluoroscopy,
pulses/sec NA
Automatic
brightness control NA
2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited. 69
Healthcare Product Comparison System
Infinity HF50SE
TOMOGRAPHIC MODE No
X-RAY TUBES, MAXIMUM 1
LINE-VOLTAGE
COMPENSATION Automatic
HV transformer
H x W x D, cm (in) 81.3 x 38.7 x 38.7
(32 x 15.3 x 15.3)
with power module
PURCHASE INFORMATION
List price,
std configuration Not specified
70 2003 ECRI. Duplication of this page by any means for any purpose is prohibited.