Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(60 )
(Vapor-compression Cycle)
2 2547 (Absorption Cycle)
(60 )
(60 )
Member ASHRAE
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chakrapan_pw@eec.co.th
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
Condenser
Expansion
Compressor
Valve
Evaporator
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Pressure
2
3
Condenser
Expansion
Compressor
Valve
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Evaporator 1
Enthalpy
P-H Diagram
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Pressure
Pressure
Enthalpy Enthalpy
P-H Diagram P-H Diagram
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
(Suction Line) Saturated Suction Temperature = 40-45 F
- Friction loss < 2 F Equivalent
- Velocity = 900-4,000 fpm
Condenser
Pressure
- Low side = 60-70 psi (Drain)
- High side = 260-280 psi - Slope 1:100
Evaporator
(Liquid Line)
- Friction loss < 2 F Equivalent
- Velocity < 300 fpm
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Condensing Temperature = 125 F 14
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Split type
Air-cooled Packaged Unit
Water-cooled Packaged Unit
Air-cooled Chiller
Water-cooled Chilled
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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FCU
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CDU
CFC
R-11, R-12, R-113, R-114, R-115 : 1996
HCFC
R-22 : 2020
R-123 : 2030
HFC
R-134a :
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
The Miracle of Fire
Source: http://www.dupont.com/suva/na/usa/literature/prodsel 31 32
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Absorption
Machine
Cooling Preheat
Tower Boiler Water
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
1. When maintained at high vacuum, water will boil and flash cool itself 2. Consentrated Lithium Bromide solution has affinity towards water. The
solution absorbs vaporised refrigerant water
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3. As Lithium Bromide becomes dilute it loses its capacity to absorb water 4. This heating causes the solution to release the absorbed refrigerant in the
vapor. It thus needs to be reconcentrated using a heat source form of vapor. This vapor is cooled in a separate chamber to become liquid
refrigerant
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5. The basic operation cycle of the single effect vapor
absorption chiller
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
Absorption Chiller Gas Turbine
Natural Gas
Turbine Inlet
Air Cooling
Plant Load
(Gas Turbine)
Absorption Chiller 49 50
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12 C
7C 24C
12 C AHU
Cooling Tower 12 C
37 C
32 C 24C
AHU
End Suction
Horizontal Split Case
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
(Cooling Tower) (Cooling Tower)
Wet bulb temperature
Temperature 83/90/100 F
100 F
Range =100-90
Water (Temp.) =10 F
90 F
Approach Temp
Air (Wet-bulb Temp.)
83 F =90-83
=7 F
Entering Leaving
Counter Flow Cross Flow 55 56
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Counter Flow : 3%
Cross Flow : 2%
: Fan Coil Unit (FCU)
Film Fill : Air Handling Unit (AHU)
: Built-up AHU
12-14 C
3-6 0.60 m
12-14 FPI (Fin per Inch) 80% Arrestance
500 fpm
25,000 cfm
Trap
50 mm Total Static Pressure
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
CDU
Condensing Unit (CDU)
FCU 10
(Vertical Shaft)
(Equipment Access)
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(Fancoil Unit)
Forward Curve
Backward Curve
Axial
Propeller
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
Horizontal Split
Case
End Suction
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CHP Plant
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
=
Mean Radiant
Temperature
24 C/ 55%rh
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CLTD/CFL
Transfer Function Method (TFM)
Heat Balance Method (HB)
Radiant Time Series Method (RTS)
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Time delay effect
People Direct Solar
Lighting Diffuse Solar
Electric Motor Conductive Heat Gain
Electrical Equipment
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
: www.tmd.go.th
ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook
.
95 Fdb/83 Fwb 35 Cdb/28.3 Cwb
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: = 10 W/m2
500-800 BTU/pers
: = 20 W/m2
, , ,
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Description W/sqm BTU/sqm Percentage
Building Envelop 60 205 38
Lighting 20 68 13
Equipment 10 34 6
People 20 68 13
Outdoor Air 50 171 31
Indoor Environment
Total 160 546 100
Building Envelop
Lighting
Equipment
People
Outdoor Air
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
Comfort Zone
24 C/55%rh
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VAV becomes
popular
Ventilation
Use of mechanical
Comfort Health ventilation begin
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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95 96
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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99 100
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= 10 ..
= 20,000
= 2,000 ..
= 24,000 ..
= 500 ..
/ = 48
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand Air-conditioning Engineering Association of Thailand
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www.thaihvac.com : HVAC Knowledge
www.eit.or.th : Engineering Institute of Thailand
www.acat.or.th : Air-conditioning Engineering
Association of Thailnad
www.ashraethailand.org : ASHRAE Thailand
Chapter
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