26493-16959-V-PN-0020

Document number
IT-TPR-00-EPC1-113105 - PMI PROCEDURE IT-TPR-00-EPC1-356270
Revision: 01 Status: AFC
Document Type : PRC System / Subsystem : 00 Discipline : QUA Rev Date : 26-Jan-2016
CONTRACTOR document number : TR01-KK-VD-062DP000356270
Page 2 of 13
VENDOR document number : 26493-16959-V-PN-0020
26493-16959-V-PN-0020

ATTACHMENT :
1. PMI Testing Procedure- ROX000237249 (9 pages)

2. PMI Report (2 pages)

This document is the property of COMPANY It must not be stored, reproduced or disclosed to others without written authorization from COMPANY.
IT-TPR-00-EPC1-356270_rev01.docx
26493-16959-V-PN-0020-02-PMI PROCEDURE
 PMI Testing Procedure
Doc. no./rev.: ROX000237249/AD Roxar
Updated 6.1, 5.2, removed Sec 8 & Atle Sjolyst-
AD 11.09.2015 Gara Srikanth Claudiu Baciu
minor changes. Kverneland
Update ch: 1; 4.1; 6.1; 6.2; 6.4; 6.5; 6.6
AC 27.05.2015 Mihai Ivanus n/a Patricia Cigan Claudiu Baciu
Added ch.: 5.3; 5.4
AB 12.01.2015 New PMI operators Mihai Ivanus n/a Patricia Cigan Claudiu Baciu
Revision Issued Reason for issue Author Checker QA Checker Releaser
Total number of pages: 9
Document Classification Open Document Level 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents................................................................................................................................... 1
1. Purpose and introduction ................................................................................................................ 2
2. Responsibilities ............................................................................................................................... 3
3. Abbreviations / Definitions............................................................................................................... 3
4. Documentation and reference ......................................................................................................... 4
4.1 Standard documentation and records used in the process ....................................................... 4
4.2 Location and precautions ......................................................................................................... 4
4.3 Storage time ............................................................................................................................ 5
5. Descriptions .................................................................................................................................... 5
5.1 General .................................................................................................................................... 5
5.2 Equipment ............................................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Material .................................................................................................................................... 5
5.4 Welds (including weld overlay) ................................................................................................. 5
5.5 Personnel qualifications ........................................................................................................... 5
6. Process activities description .......................................................................................................... 6
6.1 Calibration ............................................................................................................................... 6
6.1.1 Baseline calibration ........................................................................................................... 6
6.1.2 Daily verification of calibration........................................................................................... 6
6.1.3 Reference samples ........................................................................................................... 6
6.2 Surface preparation ................................................................................................................. 6
6.3 Measuring ................................................................................................................................ 6
6.4 Results and documentation...................................................................................................... 7
6.5 Marking .................................................................................................................................... 7
6.6 Acceptance criteria .................................................................................................................. 8
7. Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 9

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 PMI Testing Procedure
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1. PURPOSE AND INTRODUCTION
PMI is any means of positively checking the alloy content of a component, filler wire, weld or weld
overlay on the spot without the need to remove samples for analysis.
The Positive Material Identification (PMI) analyser (see Fig. 1) is used to perform alloy identification or
alloy verification. Analysis is taken and recorded to verify that all critical materials conform to project
requirements, but also to provide documentary evidence that quality control procedures have been
used during fabrication and assembly of equipment.

Figure 1. Handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzer

The instrument contains an X-ray tube; a vacuum tube where electrons are generated at the cathode
and accelerated towards and collided into the anode (tungsten). When electrons collide with the anode,
X-rays are produced. The X-rays are directed towards the alloy to be verified. When materials are
exposed to these short-wavelength X-rays, one or more electrons from the alloys atom are ejected. The
removal of an electron make the electronic structure of the atom unstable, and electrons in higher
orbitals "fall" into the lower orbital to fill the hole left behind. In falling, energy is released from the
material in the form of a secondary electron (a photon). The photon which is detected by the
instrument is a fingerprint of the atom, and hence the chemistry of the material can be detected.
Schematics of the principle for X-ray fluorescence is given in Fig. 2.

Figure 2 Principle for X-ray fluorescence

The PMI analyser cannot detect elements whose atomic numbers are less than 12 (which correspond
to magnesium) and hence elements such as carbon, nitrogen and boron cannot be detected. However,
material specifications that govern materials of construction for our industry specify ranges for these
elements. As a result, PMI data, by definition, cannot be used to determine an exact match to any
ASTM, ASME or other recognized material specification.

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It is worth noting that PMI is means of detecting material grade and not exact chemistry. Results in
terms of alloy content (weight %) shall not be compared with actual composition from material
certificates and/or the exact specification requirements. PMI is only a qualitative check and not
quantitative. This is due to limitations of Portable equipment used for PMI.
The PMI testing is carried out by Roxar employed QC- personnel by using a handheld energy
dispersive X-ray Fluorescence analyzer (Olympus Delta Innov-X).
Roxar is performing Positive Material Identification (PMI) testing according to standards, codes and
client project specifications. The analysis and reporting are carried out according to this procedure,
equipment user manual and any additional project/ Client requirements.

2. RESPONSIBILITIES
The Roxar QA department is responsible for keeping this procedure up to date according to
requirements. QC personnel are responsible for performing and report the PMI testing.

3. ABBREVIATIONS / DEFINITIONS
PMI Positive material identification.
X-Ray Is a form of electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths in the range of
0.01 to 10 nanometres.
X-ray fluorescence Is the emission of characteristic "secondary" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a
(XRF) material that has been excited by bombarding it with high-energy X-rays.
Material specification The material specification define requirements to melting practice,
composition, microstructure and mechanical properties (etc.) for different
alloy grades of a single product form or for a single intended use (e.g. ASTM
A479).
Alloy grade The alloy grade is an informal description that can be manufacturer specific,
such as Hastelloy C276, or it can be more generic, using the Unified
Numbering System (UNS) for Alloy 276, UNS N10276. The UNS number is
the industry standard for alloy grade or designation.
UNS Number The unified numbering system (UNS) is an alloy designation system widely
accepted in North America.
The UNS is managed jointly by the ASTM International and SAE
International. UNS designation is not, in itself, a specification, because it
establishes no requirements for form, condition, property, or quality. It is a
unified identifier of a metal or an alloy for which controlling limits have been
established in specifications published elsewhere.

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4. DOCUMENTATION AND REFERENCE

4.1 Standard documentation and records used in the process

Document number Document name Type
[1] ROX000220094 PMI Report Test report
[2] ROX000237154 Delta family handheld XRF Analyzers User manual
[3] NORSOK M601 Welding and inspection of piping Standard

[4] NORSOK U-001 Subsea Production Systems Standard

[5] API 6A 718 Nickel base alloy (UNS N07718) for oil and gas drilling and Standard
production equipment

[6] ASTM E1476 Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification and Standard
Sorting

[7] ASTM A479 Standard specification for stainless steel bars and shapes for Standard
use in boilers and other pressure vessels

[8] ASTM B446 Standard specification for nickel-chromium-molybdenum- Standard

columbium alloy (UNS N06625), Nickel-chromium-molybdenum-
silicone alloy (UNS N06219), and nickel-chromium-molybdenum-
tungsten alloy (UNS N06650) rod and bar

[9] ASTM B805-06 Standard specification for precipitation hardening nickel alloys Standard
bar and wire
[10] ASTM B637-12 Standard specification for precipitation- hardening and cold Standard
worked nickel alloy bars, forgings and forgings stock for
moderate of high temperature service
[11] ASTM B574-10 Standard specification for low-carbon nickel-chromium- Standard
molybdenum, low-carbon nickel- molybdenum-chromium, low-
carbon nickel-molybdenum-chromium-tantalum, low-carbon
nickel- chromium-molybdenum-copper, low-carbon nickel-
chromium-molybdenum-tungsten alloy rod
[12] ASTM B348-11 Standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy bars and Standard
billets
[13] ASTM B880 Standard specification for general requirements for chemical Standard
check analysis limits for nickel, nickel alloys and cobalt alloys
[14] ASTM B425-11 Standard Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNS N08825, Standard
UNS N08221, and UNS N06845) Rod and Bar
[15] ASTM B564-11e1 Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings Standard
[16] ASTM B366 - 10a Standard Specification for Factory-Made Wrought Nickel and Standard
Nickel Alloy Fittings
[17] ROX000049811 Material specification for super 13 Cr 110 KSI Material
specification
[18] ROX000047402 Material specification for AISI 420M Material
specification
[19] NACE MR0175/ Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S- Standard
ISO 1515 containing environments in oil and gas production

4.2 Location and precautions

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 PMI Testing Procedure
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All records from this process shall be stored in the document system under relevant folder.

4.3 Storage time

The records shall be stored during the products life time or as specified in the clients contract, a
minimum of 20 years is required.

5. DESCRIPTIONS

5.1 General
PMI is any means of positively checking the alloy content of a component, filler wire, weld or weld
overlay on the spot without the need to remove samples for analysis. The PMI testing performance is in
general carried out according to this procedure and the equipment user manual. Further PMI testing
requirements and acceptance criteria are in each case determined from client/ project requirements,
material standards, codes and specifications.

For the applicable range of components, welds and materials to be verified, the means of PMI shall be;
x Necessary range of material composition to be verified
x Suitable for the range of surface curvatures and orientations to be encountered (e.g. weld and
small bore fittings); usually 10-15 mm diameter of flat surface is required to carry out PMI
x Suitable for use with the minimum of surface preparation
x Sufficiently portable to gain access

5.2 Equipment
The brand name of the instrument is Olympus Delta Premium Innov-X Premium XRF Analyzer, model
DP 2000CC.

5.3 Material
PMI shall be performed on all following materials:
x Stainless steels including duplex stainless steels
x Nickel alloys
x Titanium alloys

5.4 Welds (including weld overlay)

Welds shall be tested if either of the parts joined are subjected to PMI.

Note: Bead widths less than 8mm and diameters less than 50mm may not be practical to test. Welding
of dissimilar metals and Filler consumable overmatching will cause compositional dilution/variation of
laid welds, potentially causing failure to attain an XRF match. This shall not be cause for rejection
provided results of PMI show expected elements.

Weld consumables used for these welds shall be subject to PMI by XRF. Either by testing the wire reel,
testing a stack of weld rod snips or by creating a sample weld pool for analysis (a weld of minimum 3
layers with area of 50 mm by 50 mm shall be built per batch of consumables).

5.5 Personnel qualifications

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Operators shall be appropriately qualified for the work to be performed. Personnel performing and
reporting PMI testing shall be familiar with the content of this procedure. A specific personnel
introduction/ training exercise for the specific PMI measurement equipment in question shall be carried
out. During the training period the operator may work under the supervision of an experienced PMI
inspector. Personnel performing PMI testing and reporting shall document relevant experience/
practice.

6. PROCESS ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTION

6.1 Calibration
6.1.1 Baseline calibration
The equipment shall be calibrated at regular intervals consistent with the technique used. Such
calibration shall be performed by the equipment manufacturer at least once a year. Calibration samples
shall be traceable to a National standard laboratory.
6.1.2 Daily verification of calibration
The calibration of testing technique shall be verified at least once per working shift. The Calibration
check shall be done towards the calibration block (alloy 316 SS) which is located in front of the beam
window in the docking station.
6.1.3 Reference samples
Samples of actual materials to be inspected shall be available with the inspectors for reference and
verification. And these samples shall be traceable to verified materials certificates.

6.2 Surface preparation

Before any measurements are done, the following routines are mandatory:
x Make sure that the beam window is free from scratches, oil or grease
x Make sure that the test target is free from scratches, oil/grease, rust, dust, moisture, paint or
other contamination that might affect the test results.
x Make sure that oxide layers are removed especially important for light alloys
x Make sure that appropriate measurement time is selected
x Make sure that the appropriate test mode is selected (alloy plus)
The test targets can include all types of equipment with all sorts of geometries, but the more planar the
surface is the more secondary radiation from the test sample is received by the detectors and hence
more correct results are obtained.

6.3 Measuring
The practical safety guidelines listed below must be followed at all times:

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 PMI Testing Procedure
Doc. no./rev.: ROX000237249/AD Roxar
WARNING:
x DO NOT POINT the unit towards yourself or any other person during operation
x When performing test, never use your fingers or the palm of your hand to hold the sample in
place
x Make the measurements with your arm outstretched to avoid radiation on vital parts of your
body
The points below outlines the best practice to follow when measurements are performed:
1. Place the analyzers window over the test specimen; cover the window completely
2. Keep in mind that the line mark on the side of the tip of the analyzer indicates the centre of the
beam keep the line where you want to do the measurement
3. Pull the trigger once and wait until the measurement is done before the analyzer is removed
from the target
4. Take care to not damage the beam window, especially when testing sharp edges or hot
surfaces

6.4 Results and documentation

The results from the PMI testing are shown digitally on the analyzer display. The type of material is
identified with a match number. In addition the composition of the material is given. The match number
provides an indication of how close the measured alloys chemistry is to the library specification. The
lower the match number, the better the match.
The PMI results are easily exported in PDF format from the analyzer to the PC (ref. user manual for
guidelines). The PMI results shall always be transferred to the PMI testing report format for final
documentation. The report shall contain the following items:
x Report identification
x Equipment model
x Calibration certificate number
x Procedure reference
x Material type
x Project
x Description of material or component tested
x Traceability info: part number, serial number, heat / charge number and PO
x Operator name and signature
x Date of test
x Measured percentage of alloying elements.

6.5 Marking
Material that has passed the PMI check shall be marked with the letters AV (alloy verified) using multi-
dot/low stress stamps or vibro-etching*. If marking method is not possible due to: size limitation,

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affecting components performance / functionality, packing or presence of non-critical area, ink
stencilling performed with permanent ink may be used.

Marking shall be made on a visible but non-critical surface, where possible adjacent to the component
part number marking.

* Welds which have been successfully tested shall be clearly marked using an indelible marking ink or
paint in an adjacent position on one side of the joint. Material that failed PMI check shall be clearly and
indelibly marked, on two sides of the component, with the letters FAIL in the colour red only; if not
possible, due to size limitations the rejected material shall be marked with a circled red cross.

6.6 Acceptance criteria

Acceptance shall be verification, by XRF, that the alloying elements are within prescribed limits.
The instrument compares the measured chemical composition with the grade table stored in the
instrument and represents it by a match number. Lower match number is better match. Higher match
number than 3 (NO MATCH) shall not be accepted. If NO MATCH are observed please check
measurements towards values given in Table 1. If deviations/NO MATCH is observed 3 additional tests
shall be performed on the actual part to confirm the PMI results. Light grinding of the surface may
remove contamination and grease that can contribute to misreading. Evaluate if turnings or other
surface samples shall be taken for more thorough analysis.

Acceptable results:
Parts / components / material in which the alloying element content has been confirmed shall be
accepted. A record of parts tested and passed will be kept with the work pack and be available for
review at any time. Electronic copies will be saved.

Unacceptable results:
If the material is identified as being different to the pass criteria above, the test shall be repeated to
confirm the failure. Where the failure is confirmed, the component shall be suitably marked as per the
requirements of this specification, segregated and dispositioned in accordance with Roxars quality
management system procedures. A nonconformance report shall be issued and documented.

Table 1. Composition limits for some selected base materials

Material Trade name Compositiona
b
Austenitic/ferritic and austenitic grades
Cr Mn Fe Ni Mo W Cu

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UNS S32750 Super duplex 24.0-26.0 1.2 59.0-64.0 6.0-8.0 3.0-5.0 ... 0.5
UNS S32760 Super duplex 24.0-26.0 1.0 59.0-64.0 6.0-8.0 3.0-4.0 ... 1.0
UNS S31083 Duplex 21.0-23.0 2.0 66.0-70.0 4.50-6.50 2.50-3.50 ... ...
UNS S32906 Super duplex 26.0-28.5 1.0-2.0 59.0-63.0 6.0-8.0 1.80-2.30 ... 0.5
UNS S31600 316 16.0-18.0 2.0 bal. 10.0-14.0 2.0-3.0 ... ...
UNS S31254 6MO 19.5-20.5 1.0 bal. 17.5-18.5 6.0-7.0 ... 0.5-1.0
Nickel alloys
Cr Mn Fe Ni Mo Cb (Nb) Ta Ti
UNS N06625 Inconel 625c 20.0 - 23 0.5 5.0 58.0 min 8.0 10.0 3.15 - 4.15 0.40
UNS N07718 Inconel 718d 16.75-21.25 0.38 rem. 49.65-55.35 2.7-3.4 4.72-5.35 0.8-1.15
UNS N07725 Inconel 725e 18.75-22.75 0.38 rem. 18.75-22.75 6.85-9.65 2.6-4.15 1.0-1.7
UNS N07716 625+e 18.75-22.25 0.23 rem. 58.55-63.45 6.85-9.65 2.6-4.15 1.0-1.6
UNS N08825 Incoloy 825 19.50 23.50 1.0 22 min. 38 - 46 2.50 3.50 ... 0.6 - 1.2
UNS N09925 Incoloy 925 19.50 22.50 1.0 22 min. 42.0 46.0 2.50 3.50 0.50 1.90 2.40
UNS N10276 Hastalloyf 14.25-16.75 1.04 3.90-7.10 remainder 14.85-17.15 2.65 ...
UNS R30035 MP35Ng 19.00-21.00 0.15 1.00 33.0-37.0 9.0-10.5 ... 1.0
Martensitic grades
Cr Mn Fe Ni Mo Ti Cu
NA AISI420modh 12.5-14.0 0.25-1.0 rem. 0.20 0.5 0.25 0.25
UNS S41425 13/5/2h 12.0-15.0 0.5-1.0 rem. 4.0-7.0 1.5-2.0 ... 0.3
UNS S41426 13/5/2h 11.8-13.5 0.5 rem. 4.5-6.5 1.8-2.5 0.01-0.5 ...
UNS S41427 13/5/2h 11.5-13.5 1.0 rem. 4.5-6.0 1.5-2.5 0.1 ...
Titanium alloys
Al V Fe Ti
UNS R50400 Titan gr. 2i ... ... 0.45 bal.
UNS R56400 Titan gr. 5i 5.1-7.15 3.35-4.65 0.55 bal.
a
maximum values otherwise indicated
b
based on ASTM A479 (bars and shapes for boilers and pressure vessel)
c
based on ASTM B446 (rod and bar) and ASTM B880 (check analysis variation)
d
based on API 6A718 and ASTM B880 (check analysis variation)
e
based on ASTM B805-06 and ASTM B880 (check analysis variation)
f
based on ASTM B574-10 and ASTM B880 (check analysis variation)
g
based on Alloy grade technical specification from Carpenter
h
based on Roxar material specification (ROX000049811 & ROX000047402)
i
based on ASTM B348-11

7. MAINTENANCE
To maintain reliability of the measurements ensure that the instrument is clean, especially the x-ray
beam window. The beam window can be cleaned with a cotton swab. The body of the instrument can
be cleaned with a soft cloth. Never use detergents, solvents or water on the analyzer. From time to time
the touch screen will need cleaning; it is recommended to use a lens/screen cleaning solution and a
soft cloth never use water.

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 Report no.:
POSITIVE
MATERIAL
IDENTIFICATION
(PMI) REPORT Page 1 of 2

Please note, pre-filled edit fields in this template needs to be reviewed and possibly updated before final report release!

Purchase order number: Project name/ number: Date tested:

Product identification:

Roxar procedure reference: Acceptance standard/ spec.: Testing extent:

Drawing/ revision: Expected material type: Surface condition:

PMI equipment: PMI equipment ref./ (S/N): Calibration date:

Calibration block PRE test POST test

Material type:
reference/ (S/N): ACC / REJ ACC / REJ

Measurement results/ remarks:

Test result:

Technician: Inspection authority/ client:

Name/ Signature: Date: Name/ Signature: Date:

Template#: ROX000208856/AC