Class Test Part 1

1. What is an embedded system?

2. What are the design challenges in an embedded

system?

3. What are the different performance metrices used in

an embedded system?

4. What are differences between General-purpose,

Application-specific and Single-Purpose processors?

5. Create a state-machine which does a pattern

recognition of 110
1. Draw the state transition diagram
2. Draw the state table

1. What is an embedded system?

An embedded system employs a combination of hardware and software (a
computational engine) to perform a set of specific functions. It may be a part of a
larget system that may not be a computer. It works in a reactive and time-
constrained environment. Hardware is used for performance and sometimes
security. Software is used for providing features and flexibility.

2. What are the design challenges in an embedded

system?
To construct an implementation with desired functionality. To simultaneously
optimize various design metrics like measurable features of the system,
optimizing for unit cost, NRE, size, performance, power, flexibility, time-to-prototype
(market), correctness, safety, maintainability. The challenge is to have an expertise
in both hardware and software along with system level knowledge. (weight)
 3. What are the different performance metrices used in
an embedded system?
The widely used measure of performance is clock frequency, instructions per
second (MIPS), latency (response time), throughput, bandwidth (singleton and
concurrent in case of concurrent tasks).

4. What are differences between General-purpose,

Application-specific and Single-Purpose processors?

A general purpose processor is a generic-microprocessor or programmable device

used in a variety of applications.

An Application-Specific-Instruction-Set-Processor (ASIP) is a programmable

processor optimized for a particular class of applications having common
characteristics. Microcontrollers, DSPs are examples of ASIP.

A single purpose processor is a state-machine which is designed to execute exactly

one program.

5. Create a state-machine which does a pattern

recognition of 110
1. Draw the state transition diagram
2. Draw the state table
STATE INPUT NEXT-STATE OUTPUT
S0 0 S0 0
S0 1 S1 0
S1 0 S0 0
S1 1 S2 0
S2 0 S0 1
S2 1 S2 0