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RockEngineering

V.B.Maji

SoilMechanics&RockMechanics

.soil mechanics is all about strengths where

as rock mechanics is all about weaknesses

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RockMechanics???
1966(FirstISRMconference)acceptedthedefinitionofrock
mechanics Rock
mechanics Rockmechanicsisthetheoreticalandapplied
mechanics is the theoretical and applied
scienceofthebehaviorofrock;itisthatbranchofmechanics
whichisconcernedwiththeresponseofrocktotheforcefield
ofitsenvironment.

Broadly3typesofproblems
1 Equilibrium/stability
1. E ilib i / bili
2. Stressanddeformationbehavior
3. Drainage

RockMechanics
Rock mechanics, as applied in civil , mining & petroleum
engineering,
g g, is concerned with the application
pp of the
principles of engineering mechanics to the design of the
rock structures generated by mining, drilling, reservoir
production, or civil construction activity,

e.g. tunnels, mining shafts, underground excavations,

open p
ope pitt mines,
es, o
oil aand
d gas wells,
e s, road
oad cuts, waste
aste
repositories, and other structures built in or of rock. It
also includes the design of reinforcement systems such as
rock bolting patterns

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RockEngineering
Engineersarepeoplelookingforthebestavailable
answertodaywhereasscientistprefertowaituntil
tomorrow for the right
tomorrowforthe right answer.
answer.

Scope..

CIVILENGINEERING
MININGENGINEERING
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
PETROLEUMENGINEERING
GEOLOGY
GEOPHYSICS
GEOTHERMALENERGYANDNUCLEARREPOSITORY

RockandRockmass

1 1 1 1

3
3 3 3 3

Intact

Jointedrock(Rockmass)

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Scope.
EvaluationofGEOLOGICALHAZARDSlandslides,seismicetc.
SelectionofCONSTRUCTIONMATERIALS
SelectionandlayoutofCONSTRUCTIONSITES
Analysis of STABILITY
AnalysisofSTABILITY
DesignofBLASTINGOPERATIONS
DesignofSUPPORTSYSTEMS
DesignofHYDRAULICFRACTURINGPROGRAMS
Boreholestability,petroleumindustry
DesignofINSTRUMENTATIONPROGRAMS
EvaluationofEXCAVATIONCHARACTERISTICS
StudiesofrockdeformationathightemperaturesandPressures
(STRUCTURALGEOLOGY)
Geothermalenergyandnuclearwaste/geologicalrepository
Hydroelectricprojects

History
40,000yrsBCNaturalcaveswereusedasshelter
(Australia) Oldest mine (Swaziland SA)
(Australia),Oldestmine(Swaziland,SA)
4000BCcoppermelting,firesetting,Sumerian
(IRAQ)
3000BCGoldminingEgypt
2900BC PyramidsEgypt
600BCwatertunnels
600 BC t t l
120ADuseofcoal Romans
1225ADMiningofsaltU/GPoland

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Historycontd
1400AD InventionofBlasting Blackpowder
1627 AD AdoptedBlastinginMinesGermany
1627AD Adopted Blasting in Mines Germany
1766ADfirsttunnelinUK7kmlong
1863 InventionofDynamite
1872 Gothard railwaytunnel15.2km
1959 MontBlanchighwaytunnel12.7km
196484Seikanrailwaytunnel,Japan(54km)has
23kmunderwater
198793 channeltunnel,50km

TURNINGPOINT
MalpassetDam(France)failure,
December,1959
450peoplekilled

RemainsoftheMalpassetDamasseen
today.

October1963,Longarone,Italy

2500peoplekilledduetolandslide
generatedwavewhichovertopped
theVajontdam

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DepartmentofCivilEngineering
IndianInstituteofTechnologyMadras

CE3530:IntroductoryRockMechanics
JulyNov2013,SLOTF

Outline Physicomechanicalpropertiesofrock(5)Rockmassclassification(4)Fieldtests
&Insitustressdetermination(4)Stressesaroundundergroundopenings(4)Failurecriteria
forrockandrockmasses(5)Strengthanddeformabilityofjointedrocks(4)Stabilityofrock
slopes(5)Foundationonrocks(3)Methodstoimproverockmassresponses(3)Rock
Blasting(2)Numericalmodelingofrocksandrockmasses,applicationtotunnels,slopes(3)

Total42lectures
Referencebooks:

1. IntroductiontoRockMechanicsbyR.E.Goodman,JohnWiley&Sons
2. EngineeringinRocksforSlopes,FoundationandTunnels,EditorT.Ramamurthy,PrenticeHallIndiaPvt.
Ltd.
3. FundamentalsofRockMechanics,FourthEdition,byJaeger,Cookand Zimmerman,BlackwellPublishing.
4. Rockmechanicsandthedesignofstructuresinrock,L.ObertandWilburI.Duvall,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.

Courseevaluation: QuizI(6/9/11)15Marks
QuizII(11/10/11)15Marks
Assignments:10Marks
Surprisequizzes:10Marks
Endsemester:50Marks

The33.4milelongSeikanTunnelisthelongestmixeduseroad/railtunnel
intheworldtolinkthetwoJapaneseislandsofHonshuandHokkaido.

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TheLaerdalTunnelprovideslinkbetweentheBergenareaandEasternNorway,
especiallyaswinterconditionsmakethe6,000fttallsurroundingmountainssimply
toodifficulttocross.At15.2mileslongtheLaerdalTunnelisthelongestroad
tunnelintheworld.

Channeltunnel

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GOTHARDROADTUNNEL

RohtangTunnelisexpectedtobetheWorldsLongestTunnel;thefoundationtothis
tunnelwillbelaidsoon,i.e.onJune28th,andthetunnelisexpectedtobereadyby
2015.

FactsabouttheRohtangTunnel
Willbetheworldslongesttunnelatover13,000ft.
WillprovideroundtheyearroadaccesstoLadakhregion,whichasofnowremainscut
offalmostfor6monthsbecauseofthesnow.
LengthoftheTunnelisexpectedtobe8.8Kms.
ConstructionoftheTunnelistobedonebyIndianArmysroadbuildingwing.
ExpectedinvestmentinthistunnelisRs.1,495crores.

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CHENABBRIDGE

ANJIKHADBRIDGE