Pier PileFoundation

Mumbai Trans Harbour Link Project.
Package 1
5 Load Calculation for the Design of Intermediate Fixed pier (P1)

Details of the structure
Grade of concrete 55 N/mm2
Grade of steel 500 N/mm2
Density of concrete 25 kN/m3
Overall Intermediate LHS Span at Fixed Pier BP30 35 m
Overall Intermediate RHS Span at Fixed Pier BP30 35 m
Effective length for Intermediate Span 33.3 m
Effective length for LHS Intermediate Span 33.3 m
Size of Pier : Transverse direction 4.1 m
Longitudinal direction 3.3 m
Equivalent width of pier in Transverse direction 3.78 m
Depth of Pier Cap 2.5 m
Spacing b/w bearings of adjacent span 3m m
Spacing b/w bearings of intermediate span 3m
Height of Crash Barrier for Intermediate span 1.5 m
Height of Crash Barrier for adjacent span 1.5 m
Thickness of wearing coat 0.065 m
Depth of Box girder 2.1 m
Depth of Intermediate Box girder 2.1 m
Minimum height of pedestral 0.2 m
Proposed Camber 2.5 %
Average thickness of LHS span bearing pedestals 0.3125 m
Average thickness of RHS int. span bearing pedestals 0.3250 m
Total width of deck slab 8.5 m
Dia of the Pile 1.2 m
Depth of Pile cap 1.8 m
Depth of Pile cap below GL 1.0 m
Depth of pile cap bottom level from GL 2.8 m
FRL at pier location 25.073 m
Existing ground level 0.000 m (Lowest GL)
Average bearing top Level for LHS Intermediate span 22.583 m
Average bearing top Level for RHS intermediate span 22.463 m
Pier Cap Top LVL forLHS span 22.121 m
Pier Cap Top LVL for RHS intermediate span 21.988 m
Pile cap top LVL -1.000 m
Pile cap Bottom LVL -2.800 m
Ht. from GL to pier cap top (for appr. span) 22.12 m
Ht. from GL to pier cap top (for int. span) 21.99 m
Ht. from bearing lvl to pile cap top lvl (for appr. span) 23.58 m
Ht. from bearing lvl to pile cap top lvl (for int. span) 23.46 m
Ht. from Pile cap top to pier cap top lvl (for appr. span) 23.12 m
Ht. from Pile cap top to pier cap top lvl (for int. span) 22.99 m
5.1 DL
Reaction due to Dead load-(Box Girder)
REACTION ON LEFT SPAN BEARINGS REACTION ON RIGHT SPAN BEARINGS
Bearing Reactn. Trans. Long. Tr. M Lon. M Bearing Reactn. Trans. Long. Tr. M Lon. M
No. (kN) Ecc. Ecc. (KNm) (KNm) No. (kN) Ecc. Ecc. (KNm) (KNm)
BL1 1791.8 1.5 0.0 0 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
BL2 1755.1 1.5 0.0 55 0 BR2 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL 3547 55 0
Reaction(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

Total =
3547 55 0
Mumbai Trans Harbour Link Project. Package 1
5.2 SIDL
5.2.1 Reaction due to SIDL-(Crash barrier-Fixed)
BL1 1070 1.5 0.0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
BL2 605 1.5 0.0 698 0 0 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL 1675 698 0

Total =
1675 698 0
5.2.2 Reaction due to SIDL-(Wearing coat - Variable)

BL1 296 1.5 0.0 o 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0

BL2 290 1.5 0.0 9 0 BR2 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL 586 9 0

Total =
586 9 0
5.3 Reaction due to Live Load cases
The live load cases are considered from IRC-6:2010 , Table 2.Live load moves over line model in MIDAS
with corresponding eccentric moment for respective axle positions. For 70 R loading the reactions
transferred from the line model over the bearings are considered whereas for load cases 70R+classA and 2
lanes of classA, reactions from individual load cases with respective eccentric moments are added to get
final moments.
5.3.1 Maximum Reaction and Transverse moment case (MR/MTM)
5.3.1.1 Class-70R loaded (wheeled)

Reactn. Trans. Long. Tr. M Lon. M Reactn. Trans. Long. Tr. M Lon. M
Bearing Bearing
(kN) Ecc. Ecc. (kNm) (kNm) (kN) Ecc. Ecc. (kNm) (kNm)
BL1 -1116 1.5 0.0 0 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0

BL2 -1132 1.5 0.0 24 0 BR2 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL -2248 24 0
React.(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

Total =
2248 24 0
5.3.1.2 70 R Wheeled + 1 Lane of Class-A

10% reduction in longitudinal effect is considered as per Cl. 205 of IRC:6-2010 for three lanes of traffic.
Bearing Bearing
BL1 867 1.5 0.0 o 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
BL2 -2700 1.5 0.0 5351 0 BR2 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL -1832 5351 0
React.(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

Total =
1649 2675 0
5.3.1.3 2 Lane of Class A

10% reduction in longitudinal effect is considered as per Cl. 205 of IRC:6-2010 for three lanes of traffic.
Bearing Bearing
BL1 -2666 1.5 0.0 0 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
BL2 878 1.5 0.0 5316 0 BR2 0 0.0 0.9 0 0
TOTAL -1788 5316 0
5.4 Calculation of Longitudinal Forces (As per Cl. 211 of IRC:6-2010)
Calculation of Bearing Deformation force ( from LHS Intermediate span)

Shear Rating for Elastomeric Bearings
For LHS Intermediate span
b0 Overall breadth (long. Direction) = 375 mm
l0 Overall length (trans. Direction) = 375 mm
hi Thickness of each layer of elastomer = 12 mm
n Number of internal elastomer layer = 4 Nos.
he Thickness of outer elastomer layer = 6 mm (=hi/2 <=6mm)

hs Thickness of outer steel layer = 6 mm
hc Side elastomer cover = 6 mm
h total elastomer thickness (nhi+2he) = 60 mm
h0 Outer dimension (overall thickness) = 90 mm =h+(n+1)hs
b Eff. width of brg.(excluding cover) = 363 mm =b0-2hc

l Eff. length of brg.(excluding cover) = 363 mm =l0-2hc
2
A Eff.plan area of brg.(excluding cover) = 131769 mm =l * b
2
G Shear Modulus (G) = 1 N/mm
Vr Shear rating of elastomeric bearing = 2196 N/mm =GA/h
Movement of the Deck above Bearing For LHS Intermediate span

Coeff. Of Thermal Expansion (a) per degree C = = 1.2E-05
Temp. Coeff (Strain) = 3.8E-04 (For temp of 31.25 0 C)
Span Length = 17.5 m
Shrinkage Coeff. (Strain 50%) = 1.0E-04 (Cl. 304.9.1 of IRC: 21 -2000)
(50% Strain Takes place before the bearings are in place)
Creep Strain (50%) = 2.6E-04
Total strain= = 7.3E-04
Hence translation in long. Direction (Lc)= = 12.78 mm
Increasing the movement by 10 % (As per = 14.05 mm
Cl. 211.5.1.4 of IRC:6-2010)
Hence, Hor. Force on one bearing = Vr x Lc = 30.86 kN
No. of Bearings on one superstructure= 4
Total horizontal Force due to the bearings = 123.45 kN
Net Force due to Bearing deformation = 123.45 kN
As per Cl. 211 of IRC:6-2010. sub clause 211.5.1.1 & 211.5.1.3

Total Horizontal forces @ bearing level in longitudinal direction =
max of Fh-(Rg+Rq)
Fh/2+(Rg+Rq)
Where, Coefficient of friction = 0.05

Fh= Net Horizontal braking force from adjacent spans
Rg & Rq are the reactions due to dead and live loads respectively
from intermediate span and LHS Intermediate span
Summary of Reactions for Intermediate span in kN
Span 1 Cl.70R (kN) 70R+ Cl.-A (kN) 2Cl.-A (kN)
Bearing DL (kN) SIDL (kN)
MR/TM MLM MR/TM MLM MR/TM MLM
BL1 1792 296 -1116 0 867 0 -2666 0
BL2 1755 290 -1132 0 -2700 0 878 0
BL3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
BL4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
BL5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 3547 586 -2248 0 -1832 0 -1788 0
Frictional
177.3 29.3 -112.4 0.0 -91.6 0.0 -89.4 0.0
Force (R) kN
Due to DL & SIDL

Net Bearing friction force at POT PTFE bearing level (Rg) due to DL & SIDL (in span1 & Span 2)
Net Longitudianl force = 83 kN
Due to Live Load
Calculation of Braking force as per Cl. 211.2 of IRC: 6 -2010. : Braking force
Sl No. Description of traffic load Calculation Fh (KN)
1 Class 70R =(0.21000)+0.1(1000) 300.00
2 Class 70R + 1 class-A =0.9((0.21000)+0.11000+(0.052554)) 319.86
3 3 Class-A =0.9((0.2554)+0.1(554)+(0.054554)) 249.30
5.5 Calculation of Wind Forces "W" (As per Cl. 209 of IRC:6-2010)
From IS 875 IS 875-part III for Mumbai region basic wind speed is 41.75 m/sec
Ht of superstructure For appr. Span = 26.51 m

For int. Span = 26.51 m
Ht. from GL to Bottom of superstructure = 22.68 m (considering higher appr. span side)
plain terrain without obstructions from Table:4 of IRC:6-2010
App. Span Int. Span

For basic wind speed 33m/sec and height 26.51 m 26.51 m
2
Horizontal wind pressure = 576.4 N/m 572.0 N/m2
For basic wind speed 41.5 m/sec
2
Horizontal wind pressure = 922.5 N/m 915.5 N/m2
Transverse Wind Force, FT (As per CL. 209.3.3 of IRC 6-2010)

FT = P z * A 1 * G * CD
where,
A1 = Solid area in m2
G = Gust factor
CD = Drag Coefficient
Longitudinal Wind Force, FL

For Superstructur e(As per CL. 209.3.4 of IRC 6-2010) FL shall be taken as 25% of FT
Upward or Downward Vertical Wind load, FV, (As per CL. 209.3.5 of IRC 6-2010)
FV = P z * A 3 * G * CL
where,
A3 = Area in plan in m2
G = Gust factor
CL = Lift Coefficient 0.75=
a) Dead Load
Superstructure For Appr. Span For Obl. Span
Length of Superstructure resisting wind = 17.5 m 17.5 m
Depth of Superstructure resisting wind d = 3.2 m 3.2 m
Area of deck resisting wind, A1 = 56.0 m2 56.0 m2
Width of cross section, b = 8.5 m 8.5 m
therefore, b / d = 2.7 m 2.7 m
CD for structures supported by single beam&plate gir = 1.40 1.4

CD for strucutres supported by two or more beams = 1.40
CD for strucutres supported by two or more plate girders = 1.40
Gust Factor (G) for spans upto 150m = 2.0 2.0
Transverse force on superstructure due to wind = 108.5 kN 107.7 kN
Longitudinal wind load (FL) (25% of FT) = 27.12 kN 26.92 kN
Fixed pier will take whole span longitudinal force, i.e = 54.2 kN 53.8 kN
C.G of the Force from bearing lvl = 1.60 m 1.60 m

Upward or Downward Vertical Wind load, F V
Eff. Length of Superstructure resisting wind = 17.5 m 17.5 m
Width of Superstructure = 8.5 m 8.5 m
Area in plan, A3 = 148.8 m2 148.8 m2
Upward or Downward Vertical Wind load, FV = 205.8 kN 204.3 kN
Substructure
For ht. of 22.678 m & for basic wind speed 33m/sec
2
Horizontal wind pressure = 555.0 N/m
For basic wind speed 41.75m/sec
Horizontal wind pressure @ bottom of superstructure = 888.34 N/m2
Transverse Wind Force
Dimension of Pier in longitudinal direction,b = 3.3 m
Dimension of Pier in transverse direction, t = 4.1 m
Height of Pier resisting wind, h = 22.1 m
ratio t/b = 1.2
ratio h/b = 6.7
As per Note 4 given on Page 30 of IRC-6-2010, h/b = 40.0
From Table- 5 of IRC 6-2010, CD = 1.6
As per IRC:6:2010,Cl. 209.4-Note 1 CD value should be multiplied with maximum of (1-1.5r/b) or 0.5
for piers with rounded corners, where r is radius of rounded pier corner.
For pier with r = 1.65 m (1-1.5*r/b) = 0.25
Hence CD value is multiplied by 0.5 = 0.8
Gust factor, G = 2.0
Solid area of projected elevation, A1 = 73.0 m2
Transverse force on substructure due to wind = 100.6 kN
Longitudinal Wind Force
As the longitudinal portion of pier is not susceptible to direct wind pressure,
FL shall be taken as 25% of FT, FL = 25.2 KN
Distance of C.G of the force from pier bottom = 11.06 m
b) Moving Live Load (as per Cl.209.3.3 of IRC:6-2010)
Ht . Of deck level from ground = 25.1 m
For basic wind speed 41.75m/sec
Hourly mean speed of wind at deck level = 39.0 m/sec > 36 m/sec
As per Cl. 209.3.7 of IRC 6-2010, if the wind speed at deck level exceeds 36 m/s the bridge shall
not be considered to be carrying any live load
Height of live load for which wind load has to be accounted is 3m above road level as per
Cl.209.3.6 of IRC 6-2010
Height of live load from ground level = 28.1 m

For ht. 28.07 m & for basic wind speed 33m/sec
2
For basic wind speed 41.5 m/sec
2
(considering class A vehicle) For Adj. Span For Adj. Span
Maximum length of LL exposed to wind force = 10.15 m 10.15 m
Total length of superstr. exposed to wind force = 17.5 m 17.5 m
Height for exposed area of live load (excluding height
of crash barrier) for calculating wind force = 1.5 m 1.5 m
Area of live load resisting wind = 15.225 m2 15.23 m2
CD value as per Cl.209.3.6 of IRC6-2010 = 1.2 1.2
Gust Factor (G) for spans upto 150m = 2 2
Transverse wind force due to live load = 33.92 kN 33.92 kN
Longitudinal wind force (25% of trans. Wind force) = 8.48 kN 8.48 kN
C.G of the Force from FRL = 1.50 m 1.50 m
C.G of the Force from bearing lvl (LL) = 4.02 m 3.90 m
5.6 Calculation of Self Weight of Pier cap and Pier.
Area A = 13.5 m2 Volume of Portion A = 4.7355 m3

Area B = 2.7 m2 Volume of Portion B = 6.2898 m3
Area C = 0.00 m2 Volume of Portion C = 0 m3
3
Volume of pier cap = 11.03 m
Self weight of pier cap = 275.63 kN
Height of straight portion of pier = 20.49 m
3
Volume of pier = 116.11 m
Self weight of straight portion of pier = 2902.71 kN
5.7 Calculation of Seismic Forces

Transverse seismic coefficient = 0.016
Longitudinal seismic coefficient = 0.053
Total DL. of superstructure LHS Intermediate half 3547 kN (for trans. seismic mass
span
Total DL. of superstructure from RHS half span = 0 kN calculation)
Total DL. of superstructure from Intermediate span = 3547 kN
(for long. seismic mass
(full span)
Total DL. of superstructure from LHS span
= 0 kN calculation) -Both span fixed
(full span)
Total SIDL. of superstructure from Intermediate half = 2261 kN
span (for trans. seismic mass
Total SIDL. of superstructure from LHS Intermediate = 0 calculation)
half span
Total SIDL. of superstructure from Intermediate span = 2261 kN
(full span) (for long. seismic mass
Total SIDL. of superstructure from LHS Intermediate = 0 kN calculation) -Both span fixed
span (full span)
Seismic force due to Permanent load of superstructure acts at C.G. of Superstructure
Seismic forces due to Dead load:-

Horizontal Seismic forces in
Transverse direction:
From Intermediate span = 57.8 kN
From LHS Intermediate span = 0.0 kN
Longitudinal direction: =
CG of super structure from bearing top for Int. span = 1.55 m
CG of super structure from bearing top for app. span = 1.2 m
Seismic forces due to SIDL:-

From Intermediate span = 37 kN
From LHS Intermediate span = 0 kN
Longitudinal direction:
C.G of SIDL from bearing top for Intermediate span = 3.1 m =2.1+0.35+0.065+0.6
C.G of SIDL from bearing top for LHS Intermediate span= 3.00 m =0.065+0.23+2.1+0.6
Seismic Force - due to Substructure:

Due to piercap
Self weight of pier cap = 275.6 kN
Transverse direction: = 4.5 kN
Longitudinal direction: = 14.5 kN
C.G. of Pier cap from Top of Pier cap = 0.34 m
Distance of C.G of Pier cap from Top of Footing = 22.78 m
Due to pier
Height of pier from ground level to piercap bottom = 19.5
Seismic weight of pier (portion above ground level) = 2761.0 kN
Longitudinal direction: = 145.6 kN
C.G of Pier from Top of Footing = 10.74 m
Seismic forces due to Live load:-

As per table 1 of IRC:6-2010 for seismic force calculation only 20% of the live load is considered.
Maximum Reaction / Maximum Transverse moment case:-

Class-70R loaded (wheeled)
Horizontal Seismic forces from Intermediate span in
Transverse direction: = -7.33 kN
Longitudinal direction: = 0 kN
Horizontal Seismic forces from LHS Intermediate span in
70 R Wheeled + 1 Lane of Class-A
2 Lane of Class A
Maximum Longitudinal moment case
Class-70R loaded
Transverse direction: = 0 kN
70 R Wheeled + 1 Lane Class-A

3 Lane Class A
Horizontal Seismic Force acts at 1.2m above FRL
C.G of live load from bearing top for Int. span = 3.72 m
C.G of live load from bearing top for LHS Intermediate span
= 3.60 m

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Mumbai Trans Harbour Link Project.

5 Load Calculation for the Design of Intermediate Fixed pier (P1)

Reaction(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

Reaction(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

5.2.2 Reaction due to SIDL-(Wearing coat - Variable)

BL1 296 1.5 0.0 o 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0

Reaction(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

5.3.1 Maximum Reaction and Transverse moment case (MR/MTM)

5.3.1.1 Class-70R loaded (wheeled)

REACTION ON LEFT SPAN BEARINGS REACTION ON RIGHT SPAN BEARINGS

BL1 -1116 1.5 0.0 0 0 BR1 0 0.0 0.9 0 0

React.(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

5.3.1.2 70 R Wheeled + 1 Lane of Class-A

React.(kN) MT (kNm) ML (kNm)

5.3.1.3 2 Lane of Class A

5.4 Calculation of Longitudinal Forces (As per Cl. 211 of IRC:6-2010)

Calculation of Bearing Deformation force ( from LHS Intermediate span)

he Thickness of outer elastomer layer = 6 mm (=hi/2 <=6mm)

b Eff. width of brg.(excluding cover) = 363 mm =b0-2hc

Movement of the Deck above Bearing For LHS Intermediate span

As per Cl. 211 of IRC:6-2010. sub clause 211.5.1.1 & 211.5.1.3

Where, Coefficient of friction = 0.05

Due to DL & SIDL

Ht of superstructure For appr. Span = 26.51 m

plain terrain without obstructions from Table:4 of IRC:6-2010

App. Span Int. Span

Transverse Wind Force, FT (As per CL. 209.3.3 of IRC 6-2010)

Longitudinal Wind Force, FL

CD for structures supported by single beam&plate gir = 1.40 1.4

C.G of the Force from bearing lvl = 1.60 m 1.60 m

Height of live load from ground level = 28.1 m

5.6 Calculation of Self Weight of Pier cap and Pier.

Area A = 13.5 m2 Volume of Portion A = 4.7355 m3

5.7 Calculation of Seismic Forces

Seismic forces due to Dead load:-

CG of super structure from bearing top for app. span = 1.2 m

Seismic forces due to SIDL:-

Seismic Force - due to Substructure:

Seismic forces due to Live load:-

Maximum Reaction / Maximum Transverse moment case:-

70 R Wheeled + 1 Lane Class-A

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