THE USE OF THE STONE OF THE DISTRICT OF REGENCY AS

A LITTLE REPLACEMENT LIBERTY AGREGATE

RUDE AGGREGATE ON MIX NORMAL CONCRETE

Elia Hunggurami 1)
1) Lecturer, Civil Engineering Department, University of Nusa Cendana
e-mail: eliahungurami@yahoo.com
Yosafat Sepriyanto Touselak 2)
2) Graduated student, Civil Engineering Department, University of Nusa Cendana
e-mail: chuayank.46@gmail.com
Hj. A. Kumalawati 3)
3) Lecturer, Civil Engineering Department, University of Nusa Cendana

ABSTRACT
The district is an area with the greatest potential pumice in East Nusa Tenggara. Pumice limited
usage and the potential availability of the shows that pumice has not been used optimally. Seeing
its potential, then another attempt to capitalize on this pumice is used as an alternative to coarse
aggregate in normal concrete mix. This will affect the quality of the concrete, so this study aims
to determine the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete when coarse
aggregate in concrete partially substituted by using a pumice stone. Specimens used were as
many as 60 concrete cylindrical specimens with 30 MPa compressive strength plan. Pumice
stone is used on concrete with substitution of the broken stone. Substitution percentage was 15%,
25%, and 50%. Concrete testing is given 3 different treatment that uses natural pumice stone,
pumice stone after the coating as well as the addition of chemicals given in the form of sikafume
and sikament Ln. Based on test results, the concrete with substitution levels of 15%, 25%, and
50% lower compressive strength, whereas when given some treatment
increases the compressive strength.

PRELIMINARY
In the development of concrete technology, many found new concrete results
modification. One is a lightweight concrete that is concrete with Using a mild
aggregate or combined with a normal aggregate such So as to produce
concrete with a smaller content weight (lighter) than Normal concrete that
aims to reduce its own weight from the structure against Component
supporting structure The pumice stone is one of the mild aggregates that are
widely found in East Nusa Tenggara Province. However, with the use of
Floating Stone by Local communities are still limited, while its availability is
so great Shows that pumice stone has not been optimally utilized. Look Its
potential, then another attempt to exploit this pumice stone is with Using it
as an alternative to rough aggregates on concrete mixtures normal. The
purpose of this study is to find out how much compressive strength and pull.
When a concrete aggregate is reached in the concrete mixture Substituted
with pumice stone.

THEORETICAL BASIS

Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. II. No. 2, September 2013Hunggurami, E,

et.al., "The Use of Pumice from Lembata Regency as Light Aggregate Partial
Substitute of Crude Aggregates on Normal Concrete Mixes 107Concrete is
obtained from mixing of fine and coarse aggregate materials ie sand And
pebbles or other similar materials, by adding sufficient materials Cement
adhesives, and water as auxiliary materials for the purposes of chemical
reactions during Process of hardening and maintenance of concrete takes
place. Aggregate smooth and roughIs the main component of concrete. Value
of strength and durability of concrete Is a function of many factors, such as
the value of the mixed appeal and Quality of stacking materials, casting
method of execution, finishing, temperature, And hardening treatment
conditions. (Dipohusodo, I. 1994) The concrete base material consists of
Portland cement, aggregate (fine aggregate And rough) and water. Portland
cement is the resulting hydraulic cement by the way Grinding Portland
cement slag mainly consisting of calcium silicate Which is hydraulic and
milled together with an additive of one Or more of a crystalline form of a
calcium sulfate compound and may be added to the material Other additions
(SNI 15 - 2049 - 2004). The fine aggregate is a filler material. Used together
with binders and water to form a dense mixture and hard. The fine aggregate
in question is the hard mineral granules with Large grains ranging from 0.15
mm to 5 mm (Tjokrodimuldjo, 2007). Aggregate is rough Is an aggregate
larger than 6 mm. The nature of aggregate is rough Affecting the hard end
strength of the concrete and its resistance to disintegration Concrete,
weather, and other destructive effects. Rough aggregates should be clean of
materials - Organic materials, and must have a good bond with the cement.
Water inside Concrete mixture serves to hydrate the cement and greatly
determines workability Of cement work. Water used on concrete mixtures
should be clean and free Of ingredients containing oil, acids, alkalis, salts,
organic matter or Other materials adverse to concrete or reinforcement (SNI
03 -2847 - 2002).

RESEARCH METHODS

Material Pumice stone comes from Ile Kimok Village, Atadei District, Regency
Lembata. Some of the physical properties obtained from the testing of
pumice stone are heavy Type of 0.77 gr / cm3 and fine modulus of granules
of 7.05. To reduce Pores of pumice stone that affect the nature of water
absorption and weak bonds Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. II. No. 2,
September 2013 Hunggurami, E, et.al., "The Use of Pumice from Lembata
Regency as Light Aggregate Partial Substitute of Crude Aggregates on
Normal Concrete Mixes 108 Between the aggregate and the mortar at the
interface zone, then an improvement is made Surface of pumice (coating) by
using cement paste. Coating materials Using water and cement at a ratio of
1: 1 of the weight of cement. Coating materials Then mixed with pumice for
about 3 minutes. Mixed results Is dried at room temperature for
approximately 3 weeks for the cement Hardened so as not to affect the
cement water factor. The absorption test is performed To know the change of
surface of pumice stone before and after Coating (Figure 1). The results of
the pre-coating absorption test were 36.07% and After coating of 11.85%.
The fine aggregate used is natural sand derived from the canary. Aggregate
The normal rough used is a crushed stone that comes from the notes by size
Maximum 30 mm. The cement used is Portland Type I cement. Aggregate
testing Alus and coarse according to SNI standard. Figure 1. Floating Stone
After Coating & Coating Before Test objects The quality of the concrete mix is
planned at 30 MPa. At 28 days Tested all the test items

RESEARCH RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Strong Testing Press and Strength Drag the Reinforced ConcreteTesting of

concrete compressive strength is done at 28 days concrete age. Test resul
Compressive strength can be seen in Table 1. Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.
II. No. 2, September 2013 Hunggurami, E, et.al., "The Use of Pumice from
Lembata Regency as Light Aggregate Partial Substitute of Crude Aggregates
on Normal Concrete Concrete 111 Table 1. Strong Test Results Press and
Strength Drag the Concrete With% Substitution of Floating Stone

To overcome the problem of workability and consistency of water quantity

then Used materials added Sikament Ln. Meanwhile, to overcome the weak
bond Between the aggregate and the mixture is done by adding the mineral
material Sikafume. Then to fix the pores in the pumice stone is done By
coating the pumice stone with cement paste. Test result To the specimen
shows an increase in compressive strength and tensile strength As shown in
Tables 2 and 3, as well as Figures 4 and 5
From Table 2 and Figure 4, it can be seen that the test results of compressive
strength and Drag the 25% substitution concrete test pieces with the coating
of the stone pores Buoyancy with cement paste produces a compressive
strength increase and tensile strength Amounted to 3.92% and 1.80%
compared with 25% substitution test piece without Coating the pores
(coating) on pumice stone, but when compared with Normal concrete test
object is decrease of compressive strength and tensile strength equal to 19%
And 9.87%. And test results of compressive strength and tensile substitution
of concrete test pieces 25% with the use of added materials in the form of
Sikafume and Sikament Ln Resulting in a rise in compressive strength and
tensile strength of 5.25% and 12.95% Compared with 25% substitution
concrete test pieces without the use of added materials Sikafume and
Sikament Ln, but when compared with normal concrete test specimens A
decrease in compressive strength of 17.96% and in the tensile strength did
not occur Decrease or increase in strength. When the 25% substitution
concrete test object with Coating the pores (coating) in add with added
materials will occur Increase in compressive strength and tensile strength of
23.04% and 14.39% respectively With a 25% substitution concrete test piece
without the use of pore pore coating (Coating) and added materials, but
when compared with normal concrete test specimens A decrease in
compressive strength by 4.09% and in tensile strength experienced An
increase of 1.27%.

From Table 3 and Figure 5, it can be seen that the test results of compressive
strength and Drag the 50% substitution concrete test pieces by coating the
stone pores Buoyancy with cement paste produces a compressive strength
increase and tensile strength By 4.34% and 3.73% compared with 50%
substitution test piece without Coating the pores (coating) on pumice stone,
but when compared with Normal concrete test object is decreasing of
compressive strength and tensile strength equal to 35.27% and 20.38%
respectively. And test results of compressive strength and tensile of concrete
test objects 50% substitution with the use of added materials in the form of
Sikafume and Sikament Ln Resulting in a rise in compressive strength and
tensile strength of 9.84% and 4.56% Compared with 50% substitution
concrete test pieces without using added materials Sikafume and Sikament
Ln, but when compared with normal concrete test specimens A decrease in
compressive strength and tensile strength of 31.86% and 19.75%. If
50% substitution concrete test material with pore coating is added With the
added ingredients Sikafume and Sikament Ln will be increment of
compressive strength and Tensile strength of 12.57% and 4.56% compared
with concrete test objects 50% substitution without the use of coating of
pores (coatings) and added materials Sikafume and Sikament Ln, but when
compared with normal concrete test specimens A decrease in compressive
strength and tensile strength by 30.17% and 19.75%.

CONCLUSION

Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. II. No. 2, September 2013 Hunggurami, E,

et.al., "The Use of Pumice from Lembata Regency as Light Aggregate Partial
Substitute of Crude Aggregates on Normal Concrete Mixture 118 Based on
the results of research and discussion can be concluded as follows:

1. Effect of substitution degree of pumice against compressive strength and

tensile strength of concrete Is the substitution of pumice against crushed
stone with content of 0%, 15%, 25%, and 50%, respectively yielding a
compressive strength of 27.84 MPa, 21.89 MPa, 21.70 MPa, and 17.27 MPa.
There is a decrease of compressive strength against concrete Normal at
21.37%, 22.06%, and 37.96%. The same thing happened to Testing of tensile
strengths that successively produce strength Of 3.14 MPa, 2.93 MPa, 2.78
MPa, and 2.41 MPa. There was a decrease in strength Against the normal
concrete by 6.69%, 11.47%, and 23.25%.

2. Effect of surface repair of pumice (coating) using cement paste Against

the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete are as follows: A.
Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with 25% content with coating
Pore pits (coatings) using paste cement to produce Compressive strength
and tensile strength of 22.55 MPa and 2.83 MPa. Happen

Increase in compressive strength and tensile strength of 3.92% and 1.80%

when Compared with 25% substitution concrete without pore-hole coating on
Pumice (coating). But when compared with normal concrete occurs Decrease
of compressive strength and tensile strength by 19% and 9.87%. B.
Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with 50% content with coating
Pore pits (coatings) using paste cement to produce Compressive strength
and tensile strength of 18.02 MPa and 2.50 MPa. Happen Increase in
compressive strength and tensile strength of 4.34% and 3.73% if Compared
with 50% substitution concrete without pore-hole coating on Pumice
(coating). But when compared with normal concrete occurs Decrease of
compressive strength and tensile strength equal to 35,27% and 20,38%. 3.
Effect of pumice with the addition of added materials to the compressive
strength and The tensile strength of concrete is as follows:

A. Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with content of 25% with

The use of added materials in the form of Sikafume and Sikament Ln produce
Compressive strength and tensile strength of 22.84 MPa and 3.14 MPa.
Happen Increase in compressive strength and tensile strength of 5.25% and
12.95% Compared with 25% substitution concrete without the use of added
materials. However, when compared with the normal concrete there is a
decrease in compressive strength

B. Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with content of 50% with

The use of added materials in the form of Sikafume and Sikament Ln produce
Compressive strength and tensile strength of 18.97 MPa and 2.52 MPa.
Happen Increase in compressive strength and tensile strength of 9.84% and
4.56% Compared with 50% substitution concrete without using added
ingredients. However, when compared with the normal concrete there is a
decrease in compressive strength And tensile strength of 31.86% and
19.75%.

4. Effect of surface repair of pumice (coating) using cement paste And

addition of added materials to compressive strength and tensile strength of
concrete

are as follows:

A. Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with 25% content with

coating Pores (coating) and added with added materials in the form Sikafume
and Sikament Ln produce a power of 26.70 MPa and 3.18 MPa. There was a
rise in compressive strength and tensile strength of 23.04% And 14.39%
compared to 25% substitution concrete without using Coating pores
(coatings) and added materials. But when compared With normal concrete a
decrease in compressive strength of 4.09% and at Tensile strength
experienced an increase of 1.27%.

B. Substitution of pumice against crushed stone with 50% content with

coating Pores (coatings) added with added materials in the form of Sikafume
and Sikament Ln produces a power of 19.44 MPa and 2.52 MPa. Happen
Increase in compressive strength and tensile strength of 12.57% and 4.56%
Compared with 50% substitution concrete without using coating Pore
(coating) and added materials. But when compared with The normal concrete
decline in compressive strength and tensile strength of 30.17% And 19.75%.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anonymous. (1991). Strong Batch Concrete Test Method (SNI 03 - 2491 -

1991).

Bandung: Building Problems Education Foundation.

Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. II. No. 2, September 2013

Hunggurami, E, et.al., "The Use of Pumice from Lembata Regency as Light

Aggregate

Partial Substitute of Crude Aggregates on Normal Concrete Mix 120

Anonymous. (1990).