IMSLP318642 PMLP02982 BWV 988b

Goldberg Variations
J. S. Bach
BWV 988
For Guitar Ensemble
Transcribed and Engraved

by
Steve Shorter
17/03/14 Version 0.99b
For
Eli Kassner
and
Glenn Gould
From
The Guitar Society of Toronto Orchestra

3
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Aria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Variation 01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Variation 02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Variation 03 Canon at the Unison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Variation 04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Variation 05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Variation 06 Canon at the Second . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Variation 07 At the tempo of a Giga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Variation 08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Variation 09 Canon at the Third . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Variation 10 Fughetta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Variation 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Variation 12 Canon at the Fourth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Variation 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Variation 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Variation 15 Canon at the Fifth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Variation 16 Overture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Variation 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Variation 18 Canon at the Sixth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Variation 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Variation 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Variation 21 Canon at the Seventh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Variation 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Variation 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Variation 24 Canon at the Octave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Variation 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Variation 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Variation 27 Canon at the Ninth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Variation 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Variation 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Variation 30 Quodlibet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Table of Ornaments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5
Introduction
The motivation behind this transcription and re-engraving of these Goldberg Variations
is a simple one; to make available to guitarists one of the great treasures of Baroque art. In that quest,
a single value has come to dominate this work
1) to preserve and render as accurately as possible the structure(s) of Bach's work in the context
of a modern guitar ensemble and a standard instrument.
The "standard" guitar being considered has 19 frets and is in dropped D tuning. ie. strings are
tuned DADGBE. The original key is preserved throughout the transcription, as it is best accommodated
and serves the original intent most faithfully.
Starting from this foundation, whatever resources were assembled that the structures demanded.
In general it could be stated that each voice that is present in the variation has its representative as a
single instrument in the ensemble. The resulting work therefore contains 13 variations for 2 guitars,
13 variations for 3 guitars and 4 for 4 guitars.
While the clavier is dissimilar to the the guitar in many ways, the Goldberg Variations are
unsurprisingly quite sympathetic to it. Both the clavier and guitar are plucked chordophones
that suffer the similar acoustic defects (strengths?) of volume and sustenance.
Most of the original structure(s) can be preserved through octave transposition when carefully
considered. In the few instances where this is not possible, alternatives were developed and
documented. Bach's instrumental works are of such a quality that they can often be considered
as "generic music": they transcribe well for instruments other than the target of its original
composition. That is mostly the case with the Goldberg Variations. To the extent that
there may be variations that are idiomatic to the keyboard, they have been accommodated as
much as possible and are included for completeness.
Guitar fingering is interperative and personal, particularly for music not initially conceived
for guitar, so this work is presented with no guitar fingering. All slurs are phrasing slurs and appear
as in the original.
The Aria has two versions presented. Version 1.7e is for two guitars in standard tuning,
version 1.8 is for three guitars in dropped D tuning.
Finding a reliable authority for Goldberg Variations, BWV 988, is problematic as discussed
by Erich Schwandt[1]. The source materials from which this transcription is derived are the
Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe, Band 3, the facsimile of Bach's own copy ('Handexemplar') of the
first edition, and the results of the OpenGoldberg project. These documents are in the Public Domain
and can be found here
http://imslp.org/wiki/Goldberg-Variationen,_BWV_988_(Bach,_Johann_Sebastian)
[1] http://scholarship.claremont.edu/ppr/vol3/iss1/2
6
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Variation 01
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Variation 03
Canon at the Unison
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Variation 06
Canon at the Second

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Variation 07
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Variation 08
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8
q q q q q q q q q q
q q qq q q q q q q qqq q
q q q q q
23
q q q
q q
q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q q
8
q q q q
q qq q q q qqqq q q
26
q
q q q
8
q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q qqqqq qq
qq q qq qqq q q qq
8
q
q
q q q q q q q
q q q q qq q q q q
q q q q q q q qq q q q
29
q q q
8
q q
q qqq q qq qq q
q

q q q q q qqq q q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qq
8q q q q q

28
Variation 09
q q q q q q q q qqq q q q q q q q q
Canon at the Third
q
Gtr1 q q q
8
q q qqq
Gtr2 q q q q q q q q q q
8

q q qq
q q q q q q
q qqq q q q q q
Gtr3
8 q
q q q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q q q q
4 q q q q q qqq
q
q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q qqq q q qq q q q
q
8
q q q q q q qqq qqq
q q
q q q q q q
8 q
q q q q q q q q q

7
8
q
q

8
q q q
q q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q q q q
8 q q q q q q

29
q q q q q q q q q q q q qqq q qqqqq

qq q qq

9

q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q
8

8
q q q q q q q
q q
q q q q
q
q q
q q q q q q q q q
8

q
q q q

q

12

q q
8
q q q q q q q qq q q q q q qqq qq
q q q q q

8
q
q q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q qq qq q qq q q q q q q q
q
8
q

15

q q q
8
q q q

8

q q q q q q q q
8
q

30
Variation 10
Fughetta

Gtr1

8
Gtr2
q q q
8
Gtr3

8
q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqq qqqq
q q
Gtr4
8 q
q q q q q q q
6 q q q
q

8

q q
q q q q q q qqq qq q qqq q q q q
8
q

8
q q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q q q q q
q q q q
12

q qq q q q q q q q q q q

8
q
q q q q
8
q q q q
q q q q q

8

q q
8 q q q q q

31
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q

17

q q

q qq

8

8

8
q
qqqq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqqqq
8
q
q q q q q
q q
qq

22
q q

8
q q q q q q q q qq q q q q q
q

8

8

qqqqqqqq qqqqqqq
8
q qqqqqq qq q q q q q q q
qq qqqqq q q qqq
q q qq q q
27

q q
q q q qq q q q q qq q
8
q
q q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q
q

8
q qqqqqq q q q q q
q q q
q
q
8

32
Variation 11
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q qqqq
q q q q q q
Gtr1 12
16
q
8
12 q q qq q qq
Gtr2
16 q q q q qqq
8
4 q q q q q qq q qqqq
q q qqqqq q q q
q q q q q
q q q q q q qqq
q q q
8
q q
q q q q q
8
q q
q qqq qq
qqq
q qq q q q q
qqq
7
q q q q q q q q
8
qq q
q q q q q q q q q
q
q
8
q
11
q q q q q q q q

qq
8
q q q q q q q q q q qq q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qq

8
q q q
q
q q q q q q q q q qq
qq q q q
q q

14

qq q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q q q q q q qq q
q q q q q q

qq q
8 qqq q

33
qq qqq qq qq
q
q q q
17

qqqq
8

q q qq
q q
q q q q q
q q qq qqqq qqqq q q q
8
qq q q
q q qqq
q q qqq
q q q qq q qq qq q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
20
q
8
q q q q q q q
qqqq q q
q q q q
q q q
q q

q
8 q q q q q q q
23
q q
8

q q q q q q q q
qqqq q qqq q qqqqqqq
8
q q q q q q q
qqqq q qqq

26 q q q q qqqqqq qq qqq
q qqqqqqqqq

8

qqqqq q qqqq
q q q q q qqqq q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q qq q
q q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q q q q
29
q qqq qq q qq q q q q q qq q qqq
8
qq q

q qq
q qqqq qq q q q q q q q q q q
q q qqq q q q qqqq q q
8 qq q q qq qq

34
Variation 12
q qqq q q q q q
Canon at the Fourth
qqq q q q q q
qq q q q q q qqqq

Gtr1 43
8
q qq qqqqqq qqq
43 q q q q q
q
Gtr2
8

3
Gtr3
4 q q q q q q q q q
8
q qq q q
4 q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q q q q q q qq
q q q q
q q q q q
8

8
q
q q q q q
7 q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q
8

q
8

35
q q q q q qqqqq qq q qqqqqqqq
q q qq

9
q qq
8

q
q
q qq q q q q q q qqqqq q q q
8 q
q q q q

12 qqq q qqq qqqqqqqqq q q q

8
qqq q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
8

q qqqqqq
q q q q q q q q q qqqq qq q q
8 q
q q q
q
15
q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q
q q q q
8

q q q q q
8
q

36
q q q q q q qq
q q q q q q q q q

17

8
q q q q
q q q q q q
q q q q q q
q q q q q q q

q q
8

q q
8 q

q q q q q q q qqqqqqqqq
q q q q

20

8
q q q q q q q q
8

qqq qqqqqqqq q
q q
q q q q
8
q
23
q q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q
q q
q
q q q q
8

q q q q q q
q
8 q q

37
q q qq q
q
qq qq q q q
q q q q q qqqqq
q
25

8
q q q q
q q q q q
q q q
8
q q q qqqqqq
qqqqqq q qqqqqq q q
8
q q q

28 q q q q q q q q

8
q q q
8

q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q
q qq
q q q q qq q q q qq qq
q q q q

30

8

q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qq q
8
q q

8 q q

38
Variation 13

q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqq q q q q q

Gtr1 43 q q q q q

8
43
q q q
Gtr2

8
3
Gtr3
4 q q q
8q q q q q
qqqqq q q q q qqq q

3 qqqqq q qqqqq q q q q q q
q

q
8

q q

8
q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q q
5 q
q q q qq qqqq q
q q q q qqqqqqq q q q q

8
q q
q

8
q q q q q q q
8 q
7 q q q q q qqq
q q q q q q q q qq q qq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q

8
q q
q q

8
q q q q q q
8 q q

39
9 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q

8
q
q q

8
q q q
8 q q q q q
11
q q q q q q q q
q q

8
q q q q q q
q

8
q q q q q q
8
q q
qq q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
13
q q q q q q q q
q

8
q
q q q q q
q

8
q q
8 q q qq q q q q qq q q
q
15
qqqqqqq q qq q qq

8
q
q q q q q
q q q q

8

q q q q q
8


40

qqqqq qqqqq q q q q q qqqqq q
qqqq q
q q q q
17

q
8

q

8

q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q
q q q q q
19
q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqqqqq qq
q

8
q q q q q
q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q q
8
q
q q q
q q q q q q q q q q qq qq q qq qq qq q q
q q q q qq qq q q q q q q q q q q q q
21
q
q
8
q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q
q q q
q
q
8
q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q
23
q
q q q qq qq
8
q q q q

8
q
q q q q q q
8

41
q
q q
q q q q q
25
q q q q q q

q q q q q q q
8
q q q
q q q

8
q q q q q q
q q
q
8
q q q q qqqqqqqqqqqq
27
qq qqq q q q q qqqqq q qqq
qq qqq q q q

8
q q q q
q q q

8
q
q q q q
8
q q
q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q q
q q q
q
29
q
q q q q q q
8
q q q q q

8
q q
q q q q
q q q q q
q
8
q qqq q qq qqq q qq qqq

q q q q q q qq q q q q q
31
q q q q

8
q q q q q q q q
q qq qq

8

q q q q
8 q q

42
Variation 14

q q qq q

Gtr1 43 q q q q q q
8
q q
3 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
Gtr2
4 q q q q
8
q q q q q
3 q
q
8
q q qq
q q q q q q q q q

8
5 q
q q q q q q
8
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q q

8
7 q q q
q q q q q q q
q
8
q q q q q q q q
q q q

8

43
qqq qqq q
q q q q q q q q
qq q

9
qqq qqq q q
q q q q q q
q q qq

8
qqq qqq
qqq qqq q q
q q q q q q
11
q q q q q q
8
q qqq qqq qq
q

8

13
q8

q q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q

q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q
8
q
q
15

8

q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqq q
q q q q q q q q
8

44
q q q q
q q
17

8

q q qq q

q
q q q q q
8

q q q q
q q q
19
q q
8
q q q q q
q
q q q qq
8

21
q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q

q q q q q q
8 q q q q q
q

23
q q q q q q q q
8
q q q
q q
q q q
q q q q q
8

45
q q qq
q q q q
25
qqq q
8
qqq qqq

q q q q q q q q q
q q
8
q q q q q q q
q

27
q q q qqq qqq qqq qq

q q qq q qqq
qqq q
q
qqq q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q
29
q q
8
q

8
q qq qqqq qqqq q q q
q
31

8
q q q q
q qqq q q q q q
qqq q q q qq q q
qqq q q q
8

46
Variation 15
Canon at the Fifth
Andante q
q q q q q q q q q q
Gtr1 42 q
8

Gtr2 42 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
8 q
2 q
q

Gtr3
4
8 q q q q
q q q q
q
q q q q
q
8

q
q q
q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q q
8 q q q q
q q q q q
q q q q

q q q q q

7
q
8
q q q q
q q q q
8
q q q q
q
q
q q q q q
8

47
9 q q

8

q q
8
q q

8 q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q qqq qqq

12
q q
q q q q q
q q
q

qqq q q q

8

q q
q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q
q
8
q q

q q
q q q q q
8

q q q q q
q q q q
q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q
q
15

8

q q
q q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q

48
q q q q
q q q q q

17
q q q q
8
q q q q q q
q q q

8
q q q q qqq q q
8 q
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q

20
q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q
q
8
q q q q q q q
8 q
q

23
q

8
q
8

49
q

q q q q
q q q q q q q q

25
q
q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
8 q q q q
q
q
8
q q q q q q q q
28
q q q

8
q
q q q q q q
q q q
8

8 q q q q q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q

q
q q
30
q
8
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q q
q q
8
q
q q q q q q qq q
q q q
8
q q q q q

50
Variation 16
Overture
q q q q q
q q q q q q q3 q
!qqq q q

8

q qq qq q q q
qqq qqqqqqq q q
8
q q
q q q q q q qq q
3 q

8
q q
q q q q q
q
3
q q q q q q q q
8

q q q3 q q
q
q q
qq q q
3

q q q q q q q q q
3
5

8
3
3
q
8

3 3
qqq q q q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q q q q q
7 q
3
qqqq

8

q q
q qqqq q q q q q q q q qqq
8 qqq q q q 3

51
q 3
q q3 q q q q3 q q q q
q q q q q q q qq q q q q q
3

9 q q q

8

q q q q q q q q q
q
3
8
3

q q q q q q
3 3
q
11

q q q qq q q q qq q q qq qqqq
qqqq

8
q q q q
8 q q q q
3
3 q q
q q q q q q q3 q q q q3 q q q q
3
q q q q qq q
13
q

8
3
q
qq q
3
q
3
q q q q

8
3

q q q q
q q
q q q
1. 2.
3 3
15
8 8
8

q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q 3
q 8
3
8
q q q
8
q

52

q
q q q q q q q q q q q qq q q
83
18
q q q q q
3
8
8
qq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
22

8

q q q q q q q q q q q q qq
8
q q q q q q

q q q q q q q q q q q q qq q qq q q q
q qq q qq q qq
26

8

q q
q q q q q q
8

qq
30 qq q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q
8 q q q q q q q q q
q

53

q
34
q q qq q q q
8

q qq
8 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q
q qq q q q q q q q q q
38
q q
8

q
q q
8 q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q q q q
q
q

42
q q q q q
8

8 q q q q q q q q
q 1.
q q q q 2.
q q q q qq
46
q q q q
8
q q q q

q q q q q
q q q q q
8 q q q q q q q

54
Variation 17
q q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqq
Gtr1 43
q q q q q q
8
3 q
qqqq q q q q q q
q q q q q
4 q
qqqq q q
qqqqqqq
Gtr2
8
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
4 q q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q qq qq qq q qq q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q qqqqq q
8
q
q q q q q q q q
q q q qq qq q q
q qq qq qq q
q qqq
8
q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
8 q q q
qqq
qqqqq q
8
q q q q q q q q
q qq q q
8 qqqqq q
q
q q q q
q
11 q q q q q q q q q q q q

q q q q qq q q q q q
8
qq q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q qqq q q q

q q


14

8
q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q qq qq
8

55
qq q qqqq q
q qqq qqq q q
17
q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q
q q
q q q
q
8

qqqqq qqqq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q
8
q
q q q q q q
q q
20
q q
8 q q
q
q
q q q q q q q
q qq q q q q
q q q
q
8
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qq qqq q q qq q
qqqqq
23
q q
8

q q q q q q q q q
8
q qq qqqqqqqqq q q
26

qq qqqqqq q
8
q
q q q q
q
q q q q q q
q q q

8
q q q
q q q q q qqqqqqqqq qq q q qq
q q ! q q q q
29
q q q
q q q q q q
q qq q q qqqqq
8
qq q
q qq q q
q !qq q qq
q q q q q qq q q qqq
8

56
Variation 18
q q q
Canon at the Sixth
q q q

Gtr1
q q q q
8
Gtr2
q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q
Gtr3
q q
8
q q q q q q
q q q q
5

q q q q q q
q q
8

q q q q
8
q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
8 q
q q q q q q q
9

q q q q q q q
8

q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q
q q q q q

q q q q

13

8
q q q q

8

q q q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q
8 q q q
Steve Shorter (2014). Benjamin Esham (2007).

57
q q q q q q

17
q q q q q
8

8

q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q

21
q q q q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
8
q
25 q q q q q q q

q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q
q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q
29 q q q q

q
8
q q q

8

q q q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q q
8
q q
Steve Shorter (2014). Benjamin Esham (2007).

58
Variation 19
q q q q q q q q

Gtr1 83
q q q q q q q q q q
8
Gtr2 83

8
3
Gtr3
8 q q q q q q q q
8 q q q q


q q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q
8
q q q q q
q
q
q
q q
8 q
q q q q q q q q q
q

9

q q
q q q
q q q
8

8
q q q q
q q
q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q

13

q q q q q q q q q
q
8

q q q q
8
q q
8 q

59

17 q q q q

q q q q
q q q q
8
q
q
8
q
8
q q q q q q q q

21
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q
8

q q
8
8 q

25
q q
q q q q q
8

q
8

8
q q q q q q

29

8
q q q q q q q q q
q

8
q
q q q q q q q q
8 q

60
Variation 20
q q q
q q
43 q q q q q q q q

Gtr1
q
8
3 q q q q q
q q q q q q
Gtr2
4 q
8
3 q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q
8
q q
q q q q q q q
q q q q
8
5 q q q q q
q
q q q q q
q q
8

q
q q q q q q
q q q q q q
8
7 q q
q q q q q
q q q q q
8 q
q q q q
q q q q q q q
q q
8

61
q q q q q q q q qqqqqqqqq
q
q qqqqqqq q q q
q q q q q q q
9 3
q
8
q q q

q q
8
q q q
q

11
q q
q
8
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
3
q qqqqqqqqqq
8
q q q q q q q q
q q
q qq qqq qq q
q
13
3
q q q q
8
q q q q q q qqq q
q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q q
8
3
q q q qq
q q q q q q
q q q q q
15
q q
3 q
8 3
q q q
3

8

62
q q q
q q
q q q
17
q
8
q q q q
q q
q q
q q q q q
8
q q
q qq
19
q q
8
q
3
q q
q q qqqqqq q
8 q
3
q q q q q qq
21
q q

q q q q q q q q q q

q
8 3

3
8 q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q

23
q q q q
8
q 3
q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
8

63
qq q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
25
3
8
q q q q q q q q
q q q q
8
qqqq
27
q q q
q qqq
q q q q
q

3 3
8
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q
8 3
q qq
q q q q q
q q q q q q
qq qq q qq qqq qq
q
29
3
q 3
8
q q
q
3
q q q q
q q q q q q q
8 q q q q q q q q
q q
qq q q q q
q q q q q q qq
q q

31
q
8
3 qq
3
q q
3
q q
q q
8

64
Variation 21
q q q q q q q
Canon at the Seventh
q
Gtr1

8
q q q q q q q q q
Gtr2 q q q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q
q
q q
Gtr3
q q q q q
8 q q
q q q
3
q
q

q q
8
q
q q q
q

8

q
q q q
q q q q
8 q q
q q q q q q
q q
q
q q q q
5 q

q q q q q q q
q
q q q q
q q q
q q q
8
q q

q q
8
q q q
q
q
8
q q
q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q
7

q q q q q q q
q q q
q
q q q
8
q
8
q q q q q q q q q

8
q q
65
q q q
q q q q
q q q q q
q q q q q q q

9
q q q q q q q q q
q
q
q q q q q q q q q q
8

q

8
q q
q q q q q q q q q
q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q

q

11
q
8
q q q q q q q q

8
q
q q q q q q q q
q q
8 q q q q q
q
q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q

q q
13

8
q q q q

8

q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
8
q
q q q q q q q q
q q qqqq q
q
q

15

q q q q q
8

q q q
8 q
q q q q
q q q q q q qqq

66
Variation 22
q qqq q

Alla Breve
Gtr1
q q q q q
q q
8
Gtr2
q q q q q q q q
8
Gtr3 q qq q q

8

Gtr4
q
8
q q
7 q
q q q q q q q q q q

q q q q q
8
q q q q q

q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q q
8 q
q q q q q q q

12


8

8
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q

8

q q q q q
8

67
q qqq q q q q q q q q q qqq q

17

q qqq q
8
q qqq q

8
q q q q q
q q

8
q
q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q

q q
23 q q q q q

q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q

8
q q

q q q q q
8

q
q
8
q q q q q
q
q q q q q q q q

28
8

q q
q q q
8
q q q q q q

8

q
8

68
Variation 23
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q
43
q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q
3
4
8
q q q q q
3 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q
8
q q q q q
q q qqqqq
qq q
8
q q q q q q q q q
5 q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q q q
8
q q q
q
8
q q q q q qqqq
q q q q qqq
q q q
7

q q q qq
qqqqqqq
8
q q q
q q q q q qqqqqq

8

69
q q qqqq q qq
q q qqqq q q q q q
9 qqqq
! ! ! !
q q q q q
8
q q

q q
q q
q

8
q q q q
q q qqqq qqqq q q q
! ! ! q q q ! q q q q
11
q q q q q
8
q q q q q
q q

8
q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q q q
13
q q q q q
q q
8

q q q q q q q q q
q q q qqq
q q q q q
15

8

q q
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q

70

q q q

q q q q

q q q
17

q q
8

! ! q q ! !qqqq
q q qqqq qqqq
8
q q qqqq q q

19

q q q q q q q q q
q q

8
q
qqq qq qq qqqq q q q q

qq qq !qqqq ! q ! !

8
q q q q q q q
q q q
q q q q
q q q q

21
q
8q

q q q q q q q
q q q q q
8 q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q ! q q q q q

q qqqqqqqqq q!
23
q q
8
! qqqqqq q

q
q q q q q q
q q q
8
q

71
q q q
q qq qq qq qq q q
q
q
qq q q q q q qq qq q q
q q q
25
8

qq qq qq qq qq q q q q qq
q q q qq qq qq qq qq q q
8
q q
q qq q
qq qq qq q q q q q
27
q q q
q q qq

8
q qq qq qq
q qq qq qq qq qq qq qq qq
8
q
q q q qq q
q q qq
q q q q
29
qq q
q q q
q qq

8
q q
qq q q q q q q
qq
qq q q q q
8
qq qq qq
q q q
q qq qq qq q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
qq q q q q q

31

8

q
q
qq qq qq q q q q q q q q
q qq qq
q q q q q q
q q qq q q

8

72
Variation 24
Canon at the Octave
q q q q q

q q q q q
Gtr1 89 q q q q q q

8
Gtr2 89

8
9
Gtr3
8 q
8 q q q q q q q

8
q

q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q q q

8

q q
8
q q

8
q

8

q q q q q q q q q
8
7 q q q q
q q

8
q q q q q q q q q q

8
q
q
8 q q

73
9

8

q q q q q
q

8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q

q q q q

11
q q q q
q q q q
8

q q q
q q q
q q q
8
q q q
q q q q q

13

8
q

q q
8
q q
q q q
q q q q q q q
8
q
15

q q q q
8
q q

8
q q
q q q q q
q q q q
8
q q

74

17

q q q q q q q q
8
q

8
q q q
q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q
q

19

8
q q q q q q
q
8
q
q q q q
q q q
8
q
q q
21

q q q q
q q q q
8
q q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q
8
q q q
q
23 q q q q q

8

8
q q
q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
8

75
q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q
25

q
8
q q q
q
8
q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
8 q
q
27
q q q q q q q
q q q

q q q
8
q q q q q q q
q q q

8
8 q
q
29 q q q

8
q q
q q q q q q q q q

8

q
q q q q q q q q
8
q q q
q q q q
q
q
31

q q q q q
8
q

8

q q q q
8 q q q q q q q

76
Variation 25
q q q q q q q q
Adagio
3 q

q q q q q q q q
q

q
q q q q q q
Gtr1 4
8
q q q
Gtr2 43 q q q q q
8
3 q q q q q q
q q q
Gtr3
4
8
3 q q q q q

q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q q q q
q q q q q
8
q
q
q q q q q q q
8
q q q q q q q
qq q qqqq
q q q q
q q
qq q q qqq

q q q q

5
q q q q q q
q q
q
q q q
q q q
8

q q
q q
q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q
7 q

q q
q q q q q
q q q q q q
3
8

8

q q q q q q q
8 q q
77
q q q q q q q
q
9 q q
q q
q q
! q
q q q q q q q
q q q
8

q q qq q q q q q
q q q
8

q q q q q q q q
q q q
8 q

q
q q
q q q
q q q ! q q q q q q q q q q q
q
11
q
8
q

q
q

q q q q
8
q

q q q q
8 q q q q q q q
q
q
13

q
qqqqqq q q qqq

q q q q
q q q q
8

q q q q

q q q q
8

q
8 q q q q q q q
q

15
q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q 1.q q q q
2.

8
q q q
q q q q q q
q q
q
8
q q q
q q q q q q q
8
q
78

q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q

q q q
q
q q q q q q
18

8

q q q q q q q
q q q
8

q q q q q q
8 q q q
q q
q q qq q q
q
q q
q q q q q q q q
q q
20

8

q q q
8

q q
q q q q q
8 q
q q q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q q q q q

q
q q q
q q q q q q
22

8

q q q q q q
8
q q q q

q q
q q q
8 q
q q
q q q q
q q q
24

q q q q q q q q
q
q q q q q
8

q q q q q q q q
8

79
q qqqq q q q q q
q
26
q q

q q q q q

q q
q q
q q q
8

q q
q q q q
q q q
8

q q q q q
q q q q
8
q q q ! q
q
28

q q q q q

q q q q q
q q q q
8

q q
8
q q q q q q q q q

q q q q q
8 q q q q q
q q qqqqqq
q q q q

q q q q
q qq q q q q q q q q q q q

q q q q q q q q q q
q
30

8

8

q q q
q
q q q q q q
8

q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q
32 1. 2.

8
q q q q q q q q q q ~ q q
q q qqq q q q q
q q q q
8

q qq q q q q q

8
q
q q q q q
qqqq q
80
Variation 26
q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqq
Gtr1 18 q
q
q q q q q
8
Gtr2 43
3 q q q q

q q
q
8

Gtr3
4
8
q
q q q qqqq q q q q q
q
3

q q q q q
q

q
8

q q q q q
8
q q

8
qqqqq q q

5 q qqq q qqqq q q q qq q

q q
q q q q q
8

q
q
8
q q q
q q q
8
qqqqq q qqqq q q
7 q q
qq q 3
4
q q
8
q q q q q 3
4

8
q q q 18
q q 16
8 q

81
q qqq q q q q
9
43
qq q q q
3 q q
8
4

8
18
16 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
8 q qqq q qqqqqq q q
q q q q q q
q

11

q q q q q
q q
8
q

q q q qqqqqq
8
qqq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q
qqqq q q
8
q q q q q

q q
q

13

q q q q q q

8

q q
8
q
8
q
q q q q
q

18
15
16
q q q q q q
8
q 3
4
q q
8
q q q q q 3
4
8

82
qqq qqq qqqqqqqqqqqq q qqq qqq q

18 q q q qqqqqqq
17
16
q
8
3
4 q q q

q
q q

q
q
8
3 q
4 q q q q q
8

19
q q q q q q q
q q
q q q q q q q q q
q q q

q q q q q
8

q q q q q
8
q

8

q qqqqq q
21
q
q q q q
8
q q
q

q
8
q q q q q

q
8

q q q
q q q qqqq 3
23
q q q qq qq q q q q q 4
q q q q q q q
8
3
4

8

q q q q 18 q qqqq
q q 16
8

83
q

q
q q

q

q q q

43 q
25
q q q q q q q
q q
8
4 3
q q q
q q q qqqqqq qqqqqq qqq qqqqqqqqq qqqqq
8
q
8
q

q q
q

27

q q q q q q q
8
18 q q q q q qqqqqqqqq
16 q q q q

qqq qqqqqqqqqqqqqqq
8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q

29

q q q q q
8
q q
q qqqq qqq q q q q q

8
q qqqqqqq
8 q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqq q

31

q q q q
8
q q q q q
q q q

8
q q q q q q
q
q q q q q q
8 q

84
Variation 27
q q
q q q q q q q q q
Canon at the Ninth
q
Gtr1 86
8

6 q qqqqqqqqq q q q q q qqqqqq
Gtr2
8 q
8
4 q q q q q q q

8
q q q q q q
8
qqqqqqq q q qq q
7
q
q

8

q q
8

qqqqq
q q q q q q q q q
10

8

q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqqq q q qqq
8
q q q
q
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
13 q q q q q q q

8

qqqqqq qqq qq q q q q q q qq
q q q q q q q qq q q q
8
q
85
17
q q q

8

q q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q

q
20
q q q

q
q q q q q q q q q
q q
q q
q q q q q q qq
8
qqq
qqqqqqqqq q

8
q q q qqq qqqq qqqq q

q
q qq qq
23
q
8

8
q q q
q q q
26

q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q q q q qq
8
q q q q
q q q q q q qqq q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
29
q qq q q
8
q
qqqqq q
8
q qqqqqq qq q q q q q q q qq q qq q q q qqqq

86
Variation 28

q q q
q q
qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqqq qqqqqqq
3
4 ! ! !
Gtr1
! ! !
8

3 q q q
Gtr2
4 q q q
8 q q q q q q

q
3 q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
! ! ! ! ! !
8

q q
q
q q q q
8
q q q q q

5 q q
q qq qq q q q
q
8 q q q q
! ! ! ! ! !
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
8

7 qq q q q q
qq q q q qq
qq qq q q
qq q
8
q
! ! ! ! ! !
q qqqqqqqqqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq
q q
8
q

q

q


87
9 qqq q q q q q q q q q q q q
8

q q q q q
8 q q q q
q
q q q q q
q
11
q q
8

q q q q
8
q q q q q

q qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq q q q
qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq
13
! ! ! ! ! !
8
! ! ! ! ! !
q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqqqq
q q q q q q
q q q

8

q q
q

15
! ! ! q q q q
q
8
! ! !
qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq
q q q q q q q
q q q q q

8

88
q
q q q q q q
17
q q q q q
8

q q
q q q
q q

q
8
q q q q
q q q
q q q q q q q q q
19
q q
8 q q
q
q
q q q q
q
8
q q
! ! !qqqqqqq!qqqqqqq
! q q q q q q q !q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
q
21

8
! ! ! ! ! !
qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqqq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
qq q q qqq q q q
q q

8
!q q q q q q q q ! q q q q q q q ! q q q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q
q
q q
23
q q q q
8

! ! !
q
q q q q q q

8

89
q
25
q q q
q q
q q q q
q
8
q
! ! ! ! ! !
q qqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq qqqqqqq
q q q q q q
8

!qqqqqqq!qqqqqqq!qqqqqqq !qqqqqqq!qqqqqqq!qqqqqqq
27
q q q q q q
8

q
q q q q q q q q
q
q q
8
q q
q
q q
q q q q q q q q q! q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
29
!8
!
!qqqqqqq! q q q ! q q q
q q q q q q q q q
q
q
q q
q q q
8 q
q q q q q q
q q q
31
q
8
q q q q q q q q q q
8

90
Variation 29
q q q q q q q q

Gtr1
8

3
Gtr2
4 q q
8 q q
q q q q q q q q q q
q q
q q

3
8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q
q q q q q
q q q
8
q
q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q q
5 qq q q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q
q

8

q
q
q q
8
q q q q q q q q
q q q q
7 qqq q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q q q
3
q
8
q q q q q q q
8
q q

91
q
9

q qq q q qqq q
3
q q
8
q
q qq q q q q q q q q q q
q q q
3
qq q q q q q
q
8

11

q
8
q q q
q q qqq qqqqq
8

13

8
q qq
q q q q q q qq q q q q qq q q
8 q q qq q q q q qq q q q q qq q
3 q
q qq qq qq qq qq
15

q q q q q
q q q q q
8
q q q q

92
q q qqqqq qqqqq qqq qqq

q q q q q qq qqqqqq qqqq
q
17
3
8

8
q q
q q q
qq qqqqqq qqqqq
19
q q
8 q qq

8

qq qq qq qq qq q qq qq qq qq qq qq qq qq q qq qq qq
21

8
q q q q q q q q q
q
8
q
q q q q q q q
q q q q q
23
q q q q
3
8
q q q q
8 q q

93
q q q q q q qqq q q q q qq
q q q q q
25
q q q q q
q q
q q q q
3
8
q q q
q
q

q q q q
q q q q
q q q
q
8
q

27
83
q qq

q q q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q qq q
3
q q q q q q q qq q q
q q
8

29

q qq q q q q q qq q
q q q q q q q q q
8
q q q q
q q q
q q q q q q
q
q
q
8
q q q q q q

q q q q q q q q q

31
3
q q q q
q
8
q q q q
q q q
q q
8

94
Variation 30
Quodlibet
q q q q
q q q q q
Gtr1

q q q q

8
Gtr2
q q q q
8
Gtr3 q q q q q q q q q q q q

8

Gtr4
q q
8
q q q q q q q q q q q q qqq q
3 q q q q

q q q
8

q q q q q
8
q q q qqq q

8
qq q qq q
q q q q
8 q
qq qq q q q q q q q q q q q qq qq q q q q
6 q q q q

8
q q q q q q qq q q q q q q

8


8
qqq qqq q q
q q q

8 q q

95
q

8
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q
q

8

8
q q
8 q q
q
12

8
q q q q q q q q q q

8
q q
q q q q q q q q q
q q q q q q q

8

q q q q q q q
8
q q
q q q q q q q q q

q
qq q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q
8

8
q q qqq q q q q q
q q q q q q q
q

8
q
8
q q
Aria da Capo e Fine.

96
Table of Ornaments
This table of ornaments is taken from J. S. Bach's "Klavierbchlein fr Wilhelm Friedemann

Bach", written for Bach's eldest son. It was meant to be schematic rather than literal.
Ornaments in this period were typically improvised. Even when notated the length of the
ornament and its articulation was dependent on its context and the performers preference.

q q q q q q
8

Trill Mordant Trill and Mordant Turn Ascending Trill Descending Trill
q q q q q q q q q qqqqqqqq qqqq qqqqqqqq qqqqqqqq

8
"
q q q q
Ascending Trill Descending Trill Appoggiatura Schleifer

with Mordant with Mordant and Trill

8
Steve Shorter (2014). All rights reserved.

97
Acknowledgements
This work is the product of a long chain of dependencies, beginning with the great master
himself, J. S. Bach. The technological and social advances that have accrued since that time
have allowed the creation and distribution of these Goldberg Variations on the scale that is now
possible. Of particular importance is the GNU/Linux operating system, the LilyPond engraving
system, the Internet, and the new model of network property upon which these things are
all dependent.
The transcription and engraving of these Goldberg Variations is the work of Steve Shorter.
Thanks is also due to Shayne Grey and Tim Smith for early error corrections, and to the
Guitar Society of Toronto Orchestra for creating an inspired and dynamic forum for guitar
performance. It was in that forum that these Goldberg Variations for Guitar Ensemble were first
imagined and performed.
This work is based on source material from the MutopiaProject http://mutopiaproject.org
Special thanks to sync.com
The author/editor can be contacted at steve@linuxsuite.org
Steve Shorter (2014).

98
Copyright
The Goldberg Variations for Guitar Ensemble is a derived work and is copyright
Steve Shorter, Creative Commons - Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
You are free:
* to Share - to copy, distribute, perform and transmit the work

* to Remix - to adapt the work
* to make commercial use of the work
Under the following conditions:
Attribution - must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor
(but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work).
Share Alike - If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting
work only under the same or similar license to this one.
The original lilypond source from which this work is derived is copyright under the above
licence by the following
Aria JD Erickson (2007)

Variation 1,2 JD Erickson (2007)
Variation 18 Benjamin Esham (2007)
Variation 3 - 17, 19 - 30 Hajo Delzelski (2008)
Engraved by LilyPond version 2.18.0 -- www.lilypond.org

99
Errata
* Aria - bar 23, missing Schleifer
* Variation 27 - bar 23, "c#" not playable under given intstrument limitations
* Variation 23 - bar 31, "c" not playable under given instrument limititations
All other errata should be sent to steve@linuxsuite.org

IMSLP318642 PMLP02982 BWV 988b

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Goldberg Variations

For Guitar Ensemble

Transcribed and Engraved

The Guitar Society of Toronto Orchestra

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

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Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

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Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). JD Erickson (2007).

Canon at the Unison

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

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Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Canon at the Second

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

 q qqq q qq qqq q qq qqq

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

q q q qqq qqq qqq qq

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Canon at the Fifth

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Hajo Delzelski (2008).

Steve Shorter (2014). Benjamin Esham (2007).

Steve Shorter (2014). Benjamin Esham (2007).

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