Writers Have Written Many Poems

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Unit 9 It has started raining outside
Dialogue
(Rénměi qiāo mén, Lín lǎoshī kāi mén.)

(人美敲门, 林老师开门。)
(Renmei knocks, Teacher Lin opens the door.)
Lín láoshī: Ò, shì Rénměi, qǐng jìn, qǐng jìn.

林老师：噢，是人美，请进，请进。
Teacher Lin: Oh, it's Renmei. Welcome, welcome.
Rénměi: Xièxie Lín lǎoshī.

人美：谢谢林老师。
Renmei: Thank you, Teacher Lin.
Lín láoshī: Zěnme, Xuéyǒou méi lái?

林老师：怎麽，学友没来？
Teacher Lin: What's happening? Xueyou is not coming?
Rénměi: Xuéyǒu zhèngzài sùshè děng tā bàba, māma de diànhuà. Tā shuō,

tā jiē le diànhuà jiù lái.
人美：学友正在宿舍等他爸爸﹑妈妈的电话。他说，他接了电话就来。
Renmei: Xueyou is waiting for his mom and dad's phone call in his dorm.
He said that he is coming after the call.
Lín láoshī: Hǎo. Rénměi, qǐng zuò, béi kèqi. Nǐ xiǎng hē shénme, chá,
kāfēi, háishì yǐnliào ?
林老师：好。人美，请坐，别客气。你想喝什麽，茶，咖啡，还是饮料？
Teacher Lin: Good. Renmei, please sit down. Don't be too polite (make
yourself at home). What would you like to drink, tea,
coffee, or soft drinks?
Rénměi: Wǒ xiǎng hē chá. Xuéyǒu yěe hěn xǐhuan hē chá.

人美：我想喝茶。学友也很喜欢喝茶。
Renmei: I would like to drink tea. Xueyou also likes to drink tea very much.
Lín láoshī: Shì ma ? Wǒ yě ài hē chá. Wǒ zhèr yǒu Fújiàn de Tiěguānyīn,

Hángzhōu de Lóngjǐng hé Ānhuī de Máojiān, nǐ xiǎng hē nǎ yì zhǒng?
林老师：是吗？我也爱喝茶。我这儿有福建的铁观音，杭州的龙井和安徽的毛尖，你想喝
哪一种？
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Teacher Lin: Does he? I also love to drink tea. I have Fujian
Tieguanyin, Hangzhou Longjing and Anhui Maojian. Which
one would you like to drink?
Rénměi: Lóngjǐng jiù hěn hǎo. Zài Měiguo jiāo wǒmen Hànyǔ de Wǎng
lǎoshī chángcháng qǐng wǒ hé Xuéyǒu hé Lǒngjǐng chá.
人美：龙井就很好。在美国教我们汉语的王老师常常请我和学友喝龙井茶。
Renmei: Longjing is very good. In the states, Teacher Wang who taught us
Chinese often invited me and Xueyou to drink Longjing tea.
(Xuéyǒu qiāo mén.)

(学友敲门。)
(Xueyou knocks at the door.)
Rénměi: Tīng, yǒu rén qiāo mén, kěnéng shì Xuéyǒu.

人美：听，有人敲门，可能是学友。
Renmei: Listen, someone is knocking at the door. Probably it is Xueyou.
Lín láoshī: Wǒ qù kāi mén. (Lín lǎoshī kāi mén.) Shì Xuéyǒou, qǐng jìn.
Zěnme, nǐ de shēn shang shī le.
林老师：我去开门。(林老师开门。) 是学友，请进。怎麽，你的身上湿了。
Teacher Lin: I'll go and open the door. (Teacher Lin opened the door.)
It is Xueyou. Come in, please. What's happening? You are wet.
Xuéyǒu : Xièxie Lín lǎoshī. Wài biān xià yǔ le, wǒ méi yǒu dài yǔsǎn.
Hái hǎo, yǔ xià de bú dà.
学友：谢谢林老师。外边下雨了，我没有带雨伞。还好，雨下得不大。
Xueyou: Thanks, Teacher Lin. It has started raining outside. I didn't
bring my umbrella with me. Fortunately, it is not raining hard.
Lín láoshī: Nà jiù hǎo. Xuéyǒu, hē bēi Lóngjǐng chá ba.

林老师：那就好。学友，喝杯龙井茶吧。
Teacher Lin: That's good. Xueyou, have a cup of Longjing tea.
Xuéyǒu: Xièxie. Wǒ zuì ài hē Lóngjǐng chá le.

学友：谢谢。我最爱喝龙井茶了。
Xueyou: Thanks. I like to drink Longjing tea the most.
Lín láoshī: Jiē dào bàba māma de diànhuà le ma?

林老师：接到爸爸妈妈的电话了吗？
Teacher Lin: Have you received th phone call from your mom and dad?
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Xuéyǒu: Jiē dào
le. Tāmen zài diànhuà lǐ wèn wǒ, Běijīng de tīanqi zěnmeyang ?
Rè bu rè? Xià yǔ ma? Wǒ gàosu tāmen, zhèr de tiānqi biǎojiào rè,
yòu bú xià yǔ. Zhè bu, xiànzài jiù xià yǔ le.
学友：接到了。他们在电话里问我，北京的天气怎麽样？热不热？下雨吗？我
告诉他们，这儿的天气比较热，又不下雨。这不，现在就下雨了。
Xueyou: Yes. They asked me on the phone, what was the weather like
in Beijing? Was it hot? Did it rain? I told them that it has
been kind of hot these days, and it has not rained. But, no,
it has started raining now.
Lín láoshī: Zhè jǐ nián, Běijīng de xiàtiān yuèlái yuèrè. Xiàtiān rúguǒ xià yǔ,
jiù huì liángkuai hěn duō.
林老师：这几年，北京的夏天越来越热。夏天如果下雨，就会凉快很多。
Teacher Lin: In recent years, the summer in Beijing is getting hotter and
hotter. If it rains in summer, it will become much cooler.
Rénměi: Běijīng de chūntiān zěnmeyang?

人美：北京的春天怎麽样？
Renmei: How is the spring in Beijing?
Lín láoshī: Běijīng de chūntiān fēng hěn dà, yě bù cháng xià yǔ. Zhōngguo nánfāng
de chūntiān zuì měi. Cóng gǔ dào jìn, wénrén mòkè wèi Zhōngguo
nánfāng
de chūn yǔ, chūn huā xiě le bù shǎo shī.
林老师：北京的春天风很大，也不常下雨。中国南方的春天最美。从古到今，
文人墨客为中国南方的春雨，春花写了不少诗。
Teacher Lin: Beijing's spring is very windy, and it doesn't rain very
often. The spring in the south of China is the most
beautiful. From ancient times to now, scholars and writers
have written many poems for the spring rain and spring
flower in the south of China.
Xuéyǒu: Nín néng gěi wǒmen niàn yì shǒu ma?

学友：您能给我们念一首吗？
Xueyou: Could you read a poem for us?
Lín láoshī: Hǎo. Wǒ gěi nǐmen niàn yì shǒu gǔshī ba, shì Tángdài shírén Mèng Hàorán
de « Chūn Xiǎo » :
Chūn mián bù jué xiǎo, chù chù wén tí niǎo,
Yè lái fēng yǔ shēng, huā luò zhī duō shǎo.
林老师：好。我给你们念一首古诗吧，是唐代诗人孟浩然的“春晓“：
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春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟，
夜来风雨声，花落知多少。
Teacher Lin: O.K. Let me read you a classical poem. It is "Spring Dawn"
by Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty.
Dawn arrives unnoticed after a spring sleep.
Chirping birds are heard all around.
The sound of wind and rain had come in the night.
How many flowers had fallen in their wake!
Rénmĕi: Zhè shŏu shī xiĕ de zhēn hăo. Lín lăoshi, nín néng gĕi wŏmen jiĕshi
yí xiàr zhè shŏu shī ma?
人美：这首诗写得真好。林老师，您能给我们解释一下儿这首诗吗？
Renmei: This poem is very well written. Teacher Lin, could you explain the poem for us?
Lín Lăoshi: Kĕyĭ.

林老师：可以。
Teacher Lin: Sure.
(Lín lăoshi gĕi Xuéyŏu hé Rénmĕi jiĕshi zhè shŏu shī de yìsi.)
(林老师给学友和人美解释这首诗的意思。)
(Teacher Lin explained the poem to Xueyou and Renmei.)
Xuéyŏu: Zhōngguó de gŭshī zhēn mĕi. Lín lăoshi, qĭng nín zài jièshào yì shŏu.
学友：中国的古诗真美。林老师，请您再介绍一首。
Xueyou: Chinese classical poems are very beautiful. Teacher Lin, please
introduce another poem to us.
Rénmĕi: Shíjiān bù zăo le. Xuéyŏu, Lín lăoshi gāi xīuxi le.
人美：时间不早了。学友，林老师该休息了。
Renmei: It is getting late. Xueyou, Teacher Lin needs to take a rest.
Xuéyŏu: Duì, wŏmen gāi zŏu le. Lín lăoshi, wŏmen xià yí cì zài qĭng nín gĕi
wŏmen jièshào gŭshī.
学友：对，我们该走了。林老师，我们下一次再请您给我们介绍古诗。
Xueyou: Yes. We should leave. Teacher Lin, we will ask you to introduce
Chinese classical poems to us next time.
Lín Lăoshi: Méi wèntí. Nĭmen dĕng yí xià, wŏ kànkan yŭ tíng le méiyŏu.
(Lín lăoshi qù chuāng kŏu kàn le yí xiàr.) Hĕn hăo, yŭ tíng le.
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林老师：没问题。你们等一下，我看看雨停了没有。(林老师去窗口看了一下儿。) 很好，
雨停了。
Teacher Lin: No problem. (You) wait a moment. Let me see if the rain
has stopped or not. (Teacher Lin went to the window to have a
look.) Very good. The rain stopped.
Xuéyŏu, Rénmĕi: Nà wŏmen zŏu le. Xièxie Lín lăoshi! Zàijiàn!

学友，人美：那我们走了。谢谢林老师！再见！
Xueyou, Renmei: Then we are leaving. Thank you, Teacher Lin! Bye!
Lín Lăoshi: Zàijiàn! Huānyíng nĭmen cháng lái!

林老师：再见！欢迎你们常来！
Teacher Lin: Bye! Please come and visit (my place) often!
library.
Reading
北京的气候四季分明。像纽约一样，北京有炎热的夏天，寒冷的冬天，
暖和的春天和凉快的秋天。在这四个季节中，秋天是北京最好的季节。
从九月到十一月，北京的秋天气温不冷也不热，平均温度在 18 摄氏度
左右。从九月开始，人们就会感到秋天的凉爽。天空常常是晴朗的，
很少刮风，也不下雨。十月的北京是最美丽的。十月一日是国庆节。
为了庆祝国庆节，人们在街上摆满了鲜花，北京就像一座大花园。
十一月到了，香山的树叶都红了，人们都去那儿看红叶，中国唐代
诗人杜牧曾写过：“霜叶红于二月花”的诗句，赞美了这时的红叶比
春天里的鲜花还要红。
北京的秋天，也是最好的旅游季节。有很多外国朋友来北京参观。
他们可以游览故宫﹑北海﹑天坛等名胜古迹；又可以看到北京新建
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的高速公路和现代化国际机场，还可以品尝到北京特有的风味小吃。
今天的北京既是一座古老的城市又是一座快速发展的现代化城市。
Běijīng De Qīutiān
Běijīng de qìhou sì jì fēnmíng. Xiàng Niǔyuē yíyàng, Běijīng
yǒu yánrèe de xiàtiān, hánlěng de dōngtiān, nuǎnhuo de chūntiān
hé liángkuài de qiūtiān. Zài zhè sì ge jìjié zhōng, qiūtiān shì
Běijīng zuì hǎo de jìjié. Cóng jiǔ yuè dào shíyī yuè, Běijīng de
qiūtiān qìwēn bù lěng yě bù rè, píingjūn wēndù shì 18 shèshìdù
zuǒyòu. Cóng jiǔ yuè kāishǐ, rénmen jiù huì gǎndào qiūtiān de
liángshuǎng. Tiānkōng chángcháng shì qínglǎng de, hěn shǎo guā
fēng, yěe bú xià yǔ. Shí yuè de Běijīng shì zuì měilì de. Shí yuè
yī rì shì guóqìngjié. Wèile qìngzhù guóqìngjié, rénmen zài jiē
shang bǎi mǎn le xiānhuā, Běijīng jiù xiàng yí zuò dà huāyuán.
Shíyī yuè dàao le, Xiāngshān de shùyè dōu hóng le, rénmen dōu qù
nàr kàn hóngyè, Zhōngguo Tángdài shīrén Dù Mù céng xiě guò:”Shuāng
yè hóng yú èr yuè huā”de shījù, zànměi le zhè shí de hóngyè bǐ
chūntiān lǐ de xiānhuā hái yào hóng.

Běijīng de qiūtiān, yě shì zuì hǎo de lǚyóu jìijié. Yǒu hěn duō
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wàiguo péngyou lái Běijīng cānguān. Tāmen kěyǐ yóulǎan Gùgōng, Běihái,
Tiāntán děng míngshèng gǔjì; yòu kěyǐ kàn dào Běijīng xīn jiàn de
gāosù gōnglù hé xiàndàihuà guójì jīchǎng, hái kěyǐ pǐncháng dào Běijīng
tèyǒu de fēngwèi xiǎochī. Jīntiān de Běijīng jì shì yí zuò gǔlǎo de
chéngshì yòu shì yí zuò kuàisù fāzhǎn de xiàndàihuà chéngshì.
Beijing has four distinctive seasons. Like New York city, Beijing has
hot summers, very cold winters, warm springs and cool autumns. Among
these four seasons, the autumn is the best.
From September to November, it is the fall in Beijing. The weather is
neither cold nor hot. The average temperature is about 18 degrees
centigrade. Starting from September, people can feel the pleasantly
coolness of the fall. The sky is always clear. It is seldom windy,
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and it doesn't rain. October in Beijing is the most beautiful (season).
October 1st is the Chinese National day. In order to celebrate
National Day, People display a lot of flowers in streets. Beijing
looks like a big garden.
When November arrives, the leaves at Fragrant Hill turn red.
People all go to see the autumn leaves there. Du Mu, a Tang Dynasty poet,
once wrote a poetic line that reads "The frost-covered leaves are redder
than the flowers of February ", lauding the leaves at this time as
redder that the flowers in the spring.
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The fall in Beijing is also the best touring season. A lot of
foreign friends come to vist Beijing. They can vist many famous
sites such as the Forbidden City, Bei Hai Park, the Temple of
Heaven etc. They can also see the newly-built highway and modern
international airport. They can even taste Beijing's various unique
local delicacies. Present Beijing is not only an ancient city, but also
a rapidly developing modern city.
Grammar
1. The Use of the Modal Particle 了 for New or Changed Situations
The modal particle 了 appears frequently at the end of a sentence to
indicate a new or changed situation. The sentence pattern should be:
subject + predicate + 了
(1.) When a sentence has an adjectival predicate, the modal particle 了
is used at the end of the sentence to indicate a changed situation.
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For example:
1.)北京的天气热了。 (以前不热)
Beijing's weather is getting hot. (It was not hot before.)
2.)时间不早了。 (刚才还早)
It is getting late. (It was still early just now.)
3.)香山的树叶都红了。(以前不红)
The leaves in the Fragrant Hill have all turned red. (They were not
red before.)
4.)他的女儿漂亮了。 (以前没有那麽漂亮)
His daughter is getting pretty. (She was not that pretty before.)
(2.) When a sentence has a nominal predicate, the modal particle 了 is
used at the end of the sentence to indicate a new situation.
For example:
1.)今天七月一号了, 应该交房租了。
Today is already July 1st, (we) should pay the rent.
2.)现在七点半了, 应该吃晚饭了。
It is already 7:30 now, (we) should eat dinner.
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3.)他的女儿今年三十岁了, 应该结婚了。
His daughter has turned 30 this year, (she) should get married.
4.)这个小女孩今年七岁了, 应该上小学了。
This little girl has turned 7 this year, (she) should go to
elementary school.
(3.) When a sentence has a verbal predicate, the modal particle 了 is
used at the end of the sentence to indicate either a new or a changed
situation.
For example:
1.)外边下雪了。 (原来没有下)
It has started to snow outside. (It was not snowing just a moment ago.)
2.)我们该走了。 (原来还早，还可以坐坐)
We should go (now). (It was early before, and we could sit for a while.)
3.)现在雨停了。 (刚才还在下雨)
The rain has stopped now. (It was still raining just a moment ago.)
4.)他喜欢喝龙井茶了。 (原来他不喜欢喝龙井茶)
He has started to like drinking Longjing tea. (He didn't like to drink
Longjing tea before.)
5.)我会说中文了。 (原来我不会说中文)
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I can speak Chinese (now). (I couldn't speak Chinese before.)
2. Subjectless Sentences
(1.) In Chinese, when describing natural phenomena, especially when
describing the weather, people usually use subjectless sentences. The reason why
people use subjectless sentences, as can be observed in the following
examples , is because when describing natural phenomena, the subject can
not be specified into a particular agent. (Note that English supplies
the subject "it", which is not done in Chinese.)
For examples:
1.)明天会下雪，你要多穿一点儿衣服。
It will snow tomorrow. You should wear more clothes.
2.)外边刮风了，天很冷。
It started to get windy outside. It was very cold.
3.)昨天下雨，今天出太阳，天气变化真大。
It rained yesterday, and it is sunny today. The weather changes a lot.
4.)今天起大雾了，开车要小心。
It is very foggy today. Be careful when you drive.
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(2.) Another commonly used type of subjectless sentences is one that
indicates existence. This type of sentences begin with 有 or
没有, corresponding to the "there is/are..." or "there is not/are not..."
pattern in English. However, this type of subjectless sentences is
usually only about people, not about matter or things. The pattern of
this type of subjectless sentences is:
有人 + Verb / 有 + Noun (about people) + Verb
没有人 + Verb / 没有 + Noun (about people) + Verb
For example:
1.)有人在敲门，可能是学友。
Someone is knocking at the door. Probably it is Xueyou.
2.)有学生给林老师打电话。
Some student called Teacher Lin on the phone.
3.)没有人带雨伞。还好，雨下得不大。
one brought an umbrella. Fortunately, it is not raining hard.
4.)没有学生看过这部电影。
None of the students has seen this movie.
3. Adjectival Comparisons
To compare the degree of an adjective, the degree adverbs 还要(even),
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更(more) and 最(most) are used. To express the meaning of something/
somebody is better than something else/somebody else, the pattern
"比 + n./pron. + 还要(更) + adj." is used. To express the meaning that
something/somebody is the best, the pattern "最 + adj." is used.
(1.) 比 + n./pron. + 还要(更) + adj.
For example:
1.)北京的夏天比纽约的夏天更热。
The summer in Beijing is hotter that the summer in New York.
2.)北京秋天的红叶比春天里的鲜花还要红。
Red leaves in the fall in Beijing are even redder than flowers
in the spring.
3.)美国大学生的暑假比中国大学生的暑假还要长。
The summer break of American college students is even longer than
the summer break of Chinese college students.
4.)北京的冬天比上海的冬天更冷。
The winter in Beijing is colder than the winter in Shanghai.
(2.) 最 + adj.
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For example:
1.)秋天是北京最好的季节。
The fall is the best season in Beijing.
2.)中国南方的春天最美。
The spring in the south of China is the most beautiful (season).
3.)林老师是中文系最年轻的老师。
Teacher Lin is the youngest teacher in the Chinese Department.
4.)上海是中国最现代化的城市。
Shanghai is the most modernized city in China.
4. The Structure “越来越...”
The structure “越来越...”is used when the speaker would like to
express the meaning of "something/somebody (becoming) more and more...".
The basic pattern is:
something/somebody + 越来越 + adj.
For example:
1.)这几年，北京的夏天越来越热。
In recent years, the summer in Beijing hass become hotter and hotter.
2.)小丁的中文口语越来越好。
Xiaoding's Chinese oral speaking is getting better and better.
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3.)这几年，来美国的中国留学生越来越多。
In recent years, more and more Chinese students have come to study in
the U.S.
5. The Structure“如果...就...”
The structure“如果...就...”is a commonly used conditional pattern,
meaning "if...then...". 如果 is followed by a conditional clause, and
就 is followed by a result clause.
For example:
1.)夏天如果下雨，天气就会凉快很多。
If it rains in the summer, it (the weather) will become much cooler.
2.)如果你十月去北京，你就能看到香山的红叶。
If you go to Beijing in October, you will see the red leaves in the
Frangrant Hill.
3.)如果你有语法问题，就给我打电话。
If you have grammar question, (you can) call me.
6. The Structure “既...又...”
The structure “既...又...”means "both...and", "as well as". It is
used when the speaker would like to talk about two situations that occur
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concurrently or two things/features that are of the same importance.
For example:
1.)今天的北京既是一座古老的城市，又是一座快速发展的现代化城市。
The present Beijing is an ancient city as well as a rapidly developing
and modernized city.
2.)林老师既是小丁和学友的老师，又是他们的朋友。
Teacher Lin is Xiaoding and Xueyou's teacher, as well as their friend.
3.)北京大学既是一所有名的大学，又是一个美丽的大花园。
Beijing University is a famous university, as well as a beautiful
garden.
4.)这家中国餐馆的菜既好吃，又便宜。
The food in this Chinese restaurant is both good to eat and cheap.
Speech Pattern
1. The Use of the Modal Particle 了 for New or Changed Situations
1.)时间很晚了，该睡觉了。
It is getting late, (we/you) should go to sleep.
2.)现在七月了，可以去海边游泳了。
It is already July now, (we/you) can go to the seaside to swim.
3.)现在九点了，应该起床吃早饭了。
It is already 9:00am, (we/you) should get up and eat breakfast.
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4.)王老师的儿子开开高了。他今年该上小学了。
Teacher Wang's son Kaikai has grown tall. He should go to the elementary
school this year.
5.)外边刮风了，别去图书馆了。
It got windy outside. Don't go to the library.
6.)王老师以前不喝咖啡，现在他喝了。
Teacher Wang didn't drink coffee before. Now he has started to drink
coffee.
2. Subjectless Sentences
1.)今天下午会下雨，别忘了带雨伞。
It will rain this afternoon. Don't forget to bring your umbrella.
2.)现在刮风了，多穿一点儿衣服。
It's windy. Wear more clothes.
3.)有朋友送我一本英文小说。
A friend gave me an English novel as a gift.
4.)昨天有人给她打了一个电话。
Someone called her yesterday.
5.)没有学生喜欢考试。
No student likes exams.
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3. Adjectival Comparisons
1.)昨天很热，今天比昨天还要热。
Yesterday was very hot. Today is even hotter than yesterday.
2.)她的妹妹很漂亮，她比她妹妹更漂亮。
Her younger sister is very pretty. She is more pretty than her
younger sister.
3.)学友的中文很好，小丁的中文比学友的中文更好。
Xueyou's Chinese is very good. Xiaoding's Chinese is better than
Xueyou's Chinese.
4.)北京的秋天，中外游客最多。
In the fall in Beijing, (the number of ) Chinese and foreign tourists
is the greatest.
5.)这个学生食堂的饭菜最好。
The food of this student dining hall is the best.
4. The Structure “越来越...”
1.)春天来了，天气越来越暖和。
Spring has come. It is getting warmer and warmer.
2.)这几年，中国的变化越来越大。
In recent years, the changes in China are greater and greater.
3.)到中国旅游的外国游客越来越多。
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More and more foreign tourists are traveling to China.
4.)这几年，北京的汽车越来越多。
In recent years, there are more and more cars in Beijing.
5. The Structure“如果...就...”
1.)如果你想今天晚上去看电影，我就和你一起去。
If you would like to see a movie tonight, I will go with you.
2.)如果你喜欢吃中国菜，你就应该去这个中国餐馆。
If you would like to eat Chinese food, you should go to this Chinese
restaurant.
3.)如果你想了解中国文化和历史，你就应该去北京。
If you would like to understand Chinese culture and history, you should
go to Beijing.
4.)如果明天天气很好，我们就去长城玩儿。
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the Great Wall and have fun.
6. The Structure “既...又...”
1.)小丁既喜欢听中国音乐，又喜欢看中国电影。
Xiaoding likes to listen to Chinese music, as well as to watch Chinese
movies.
2.)学友妈妈作的点心既好看，又好吃。
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The dessert that Xueyou's mom made both looks good and tastes good.
3.)当小丁和学友到北京机场的时候，他们既高兴，又惊讶。
When Xiaoding and Xueyou arrived at Beijing Airport, they were both
happy and surprised.
4.)北京大学既是林老师的母校，又是他工作的地方。
Beijing University is Teacher Lin's Alma Mater, as well as the place
where he works.
7. The Structure 为了... "in order to"
1.)为了庆祝国庆节，人们在北京的街上摆满了鲜花。
In order to celebrate National Day, people displayed flowers in the
streets in Beijing.
2.)为了学习中文，小丁和学友来北京大学学习。
In order to study Chinese, Xiaoding and Xueyou came to Beijing University
to study.
3.)为了参加星期六的晚会，我买了一条新裙子。
In order to attend the party on Saturday, I bought a new skirt.
4.)为了去机场接朋友，他早上六点就起床了。
In order to pick up his friend at the airport, he got up early at 6:00am.

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Unit 9 It has started raining outside

(Rénměi qiāo mén, Lín lǎoshī kāi mén.)

Lín láoshī: Ò, shì Rénměi, qǐng jìn, qǐng jìn.

Rénměi: Xièxie Lín lǎoshī.

Lín láoshī: Zěnme, Xuéyǒou méi lái?

Rénměi: Xuéyǒu zhèngzài sùshè děng tā bàba, māma de diànhuà. Tā shuō,

Rénměi: Wǒ xiǎng hē chá. Xuéyǒu yěe hěn xǐhuan hē chá.

Lín láoshī: Shì ma ? Wǒ yě ài hē chá. Wǒ zhèr yǒu Fújiàn de Tiěguānyīn,

(Xuéyǒu qiāo mén.)

Rénměi: Tīng, yǒu rén qiāo mén, kěnéng shì Xuéyǒu.

Lín láoshī: Nà jiù hǎo. Xuéyǒu, hē bēi Lóngjǐng chá ba.

Xuéyǒu: Xièxie. Wǒ zuì ài hē Lóngjǐng chá le.

Lín láoshī: Jiē dào bàba māma de diànhuà le ma?

Rénměi: Běijīng de chūntiān zěnmeyang?

Xuéyǒu: Nín néng gěi wǒmen niàn yì shǒu ma?

Lín Lăoshi: Kĕyĭ.

Xuéyŏu, Rénmĕi: Nà wŏmen zŏu le. Xièxie Lín lăoshi! Zàijiàn!

Lín Lăoshi: Zàijiàn! Huānyíng nĭmen cháng lái!

左右。 从九月开始，人们就会感到秋天的凉爽。 天空常常是晴朗的，

很少刮风，也不下雨。 十月的北京是最美丽的。 十月一日是国庆节。

Běijīng de qìhou sì jì fēnmíng. Xiàng Niǔyuē yíyàng, Běijīng

yǒu yánrèe de xiàtiān, hánlěng de dōngtiān, nuǎnhuo de chūntiān

hé liángkuài de qiūtiān. Zài zhè sì ge jìjié zhōng, qiūtiān shì

qiūtiān qìwēn bù lěng yě bù rè, píingjūn wēndù shì 18 shèshìdù

liángshuǎng. Tiānkōng chángcháng shì qínglǎng de, hěn shǎo guā

yī rì shì guóqìngjié. Wèile qìngzhù guóqìngjié, rénmen zài jiē

shang bǎi mǎn le xiānhuā, Běijīng jiù xiàng yí zuò dà huāyuán.

nàr kàn hóngyè, Zhōngguo Tángdài shīrén Dù Mù céng xiě guò:”Shuāng

yè hóng yú èr yuè huā”de shījù, zànměi le zhè shí de hóngyè bǐ

chūntiān lǐ de xiānhuā hái yào hóng.

tèyǒu de fēngwèi xiǎochī. Jīntiān de Běijīng jì shì yí zuò gǔlǎo de

chéngshì yòu shì yí zuò kuàisù fāzhǎn de xiàndàihuà chéngshì.

these four seasons, the autumn is the best.

From September to November, it is the fall in Beijing. The weather is

neither cold nor hot. The average temperature is about 18 degrees

centigrade. Starting from September, people can feel the pleasantly

coolness of the fall. The sky is always clear. It is seldom windy,

and it doesn't rain. October in Beijing is the most beautiful (season).

October 1st is the Chinese National day. In order to celebrate

National Day, People display a lot of flowers in streets. Beijing

looks like a big garden.

When November arrives, the leaves at Fragrant Hill turn red.

redder that the flowers in the spring.

The fall in Beijing is also the best touring season. A lot of

international airport. They can even taste Beijing's various unique

a rapidly developing modern city.

1. The Use of the Modal Particle 了 for New or Changed Situations

The modal particle 了 appears frequently at the end of a sentence to

indicate a new or changed situation. The sentence pattern should be:

(1.) When a sentence has an adjectival predicate, the modal particle 了

is used at the end of the sentence to indicate a changed situation.

Beijing's weather is getting hot. (It was not hot before.)

It is getting late. (It was still early just now.)

(2.) When a sentence has a nominal predicate, the modal particle 了 is

used at the end of the sentence to indicate a new situation.

Today is already July 1st, (we) should pay the rent.

It is already 7:30 now, (we) should eat dinner.

This little girl has turned 7 this year, (she) should go to

(3.) When a sentence has a verbal predicate, the modal particle 了 is

used at the end of the sentence to indicate either a new or a changed

Longjing tea before.)

左右。从九月开始，人们就会感到秋天的凉爽。天空常常是晴朗的，

很少刮风，也不下雨。十月的北京是最美丽的。十月一日是国庆节。