INTRODUCTION 30 DEC 05 I

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Below is a complete list of the standard contents of Airway Manual. Limited or special coverages may not con-
tain all items, but that material which is included should be arranged in the order outlined.

CHART GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

ENROUTE CHART LEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Jeppesen IFR Enroute Plotter Instructions - Enroute and Area Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Navaid Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Navaid Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Navaid / Communication Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Restricted Airspace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Restricted Airspace Designation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Airway and Route Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Airway Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Low & High/Low Altitude Enroute Chart Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
United States Low Altitude Enroute & Area Chart Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
High Altitude Enroute Chart Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Australia Enroute & Area Chart Legend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Airway Navaid/Reporting Point By-Pass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
ICAO Airspace Classifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Border Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
U.S. GPS MEAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
U.S. Series 800 and 900 Designated RNAV Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Australia and Canada T RNAV Routes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

ENROUTE CHART LEGEND HIGH ALTITUDE CHARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

ENROUTE CHART LEGEND AREA CHARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Generalized Terrain Contours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

CLASS B AIRSPACE CHART LEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

SID/DP & STAR LEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Graphic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Route Portrayal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Procedure Applicable to USA FAA only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

APPROACH CHART LEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Formats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Approach Plan View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Profile View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Landing Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Airport Chart Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Airport Plan View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Additional Runway Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Lighting Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Takeoff and Alternate Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

VOR DME RNAV APPROACH CHART LEGEND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

CHARTED VISUAL FLIGHT PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

CVFPs (USA Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

APPROACH CHART LEGEND GPS APPROACH CHARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1998, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

II 30 DEC 05 INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROACH CHART LEGEND NEW FORMAT (BRIEFING STRIP CONCEPT) . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 1
Approach Chart Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 2
Approach Plan View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 3
Profile View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 3
Conversion Tables, Lighting Box and Missed Approach Icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 4
Vertical Navigation (VNAV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 5
Airport Chart Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 6

SID/DP & STAR CHART LEGEND NEW FORMAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .NEW FORMAT 7

UNITED STATES AIRPORT SIGN SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Mandatory Signs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Location Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Direction Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Destination Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Information Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Runway Distance Remaining Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

UNITED STATES INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Enhanced Taxiway Centerline and Runway Holding Position Markings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

ICAO RECOMMENDED AIRPORT SIGNS, RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY MARKINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Mandatory Instruction Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Information Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Mandatory Instruction Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Runway & Intermediate Holding Position Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Stop Bars/Runway Guard Lights/Runway Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Threshold/Runway Designation/Runway Centerline Markings/High Speed Taxiway
Turn-off Indicator Lights (HSTIL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Runway Touchdown Zone/Runway Aiming Point Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Runway Side Stripe Markings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Displaced Threshold Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Closed Runways, Taxiways or Parts Thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Non Load-Bearing Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Pre-Threshold Area Marking (Chevron Marking) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

APPROACH CHART LEGEND JAR-OPS 1 AERODROME MINIMUMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Take-off Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Format for Charts in JAA Member States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Straight-in Landing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Circling Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
CAT II Minimums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
JAA Aerodrome Minimums Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

NAV2001, AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION NAVDATA DATABASE AND CHARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Effective Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Navaids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Airways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Arrivals and Departures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Approach Procedure (Titles and Omitted Procedures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Approach Procedures (Plan View) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Approach Procedures (Profile) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Approach Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Glossary/Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1998, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 27 JUL 07 INTRODUCTION 41

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

DEFINITIONS ALA Aircraft Landing Area
ALF Auxiliary Landing Field
A/A Air to Air ALT Altitude
AAF Army Air Field ALTN Alternate
AAIM Aircraft Autonomous Integrity AMA Area Minimum Altitude
Monitoring
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level
AAIS Automated Aerodrome Information
ANGB Air National Guard Base
Service
AOE Airport/Aerodrome of Entry
AAL Above Aerodrome Level
AOR Area of Responsibility
AAS Airport Advisory Service
APAPI Abbreviated Precision Approach
AB Air Base
Path Indicator
ABM Abeam
APC Area Positive Control
ABN Aerodrome Beacon
APCH Approach
AC Air Carrier
APP Approach Control
ACA Arctic Control Area
APT Airport
ACA Approach Control Area
APV Approach Procedure with Vertical
ACAS Airborne Collision Avoidance Guidance
System
ARB Air Reserve Base
ACARS Airborne Communications
ARINC Aeronautical Radio, Inc.
Addressing and Reporting System
ARO Aerodrome Reporting Officer
ACC Area Control Center
ARP Airport Reference Point
ACFT Aircraft
ARR Arrival
ACN Aircraft Classification Number
ARTCC Air Route Traffic Control Center
AD Aerodrome
ASDA Accelerate Stop Distance Available
ADA Advisory Area
ASOS Automated Surface Observing
ADF Automatic Direction Finding
System
ADIZ Air Defense Identification Zone
ASR Airport Surveillance Radar
ADR Advisory Route
ATA Actual Time of Arrival
ADS Automatic Dependent Surveillance
ATCAA Air Traffic Control Assigned
ADV Advisory Area Airspace
AEIS Aeronautical Enroute Information ATCC Air Traffic Control Center
Service
ATCT Air Traffic Control Tower
AER Approach End of Runway
ATD Actual Time of Departure
AERADIO Air Radio
ATF Aerodrome Traffic Frequency
AERO Aerodrome
ATFM Air Traffic Flow Management
AF Aux Air Force Auxiliary Field
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information
AFB Air Force Base Service
AFIS Aerodrome Flight Information ATS Air Traffic Service
Service
ATZ Aerodrome Traffic Zone
AFN American Forces Network
AUTH Authorized
AFRS Armed Forces Radio Stations
AUW All-up Weight
AFRU Aerodrome Frequency Response
Unit AUX Auxiliary
AFS Air Force Station AVBL Available
AWIB Aerodrome Weather Information
AFSS Automated Flight Service Station
Broadcast
A/G Air-to-Ground
AWIS Aerodrome Weather Information
AGL Above Ground Level Service
AGNIS Azimuth Guidance Nose-in-Stand AWOS Automated Weather Observing
AH Alert Height System
AHP Army Heliport AWSS Aviation Weather Sensor System
AIRAC Aeronautical Information AWY Airway
Regulation and Control AZM Azimuth
AIREP Air-Report Baro VNAV Barometric Vertical Navigation
AIS Aeronautical Information Services BC Back Course

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 42 INTRODUCTION 27 JUL 07

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

BCM Back Course Marker CRS Course

BCN Beacon CST Central Standard Time
BCOB Broken Clouds or Better CTA Control Area
BCST Broadcast CTAF Common Traffic Advisory
BDRY Boundary Frequency
BLDG Building CTL Control
BM Back Marker CTOT Calculated Take-off Time
BRG Bearing CTR Control Zone
B-RNAV Basic RNAV CVFP Charted Visual Flight Procedure
BS Broadcast Station (Commercial) CVFR Controlled VFR
C ATC IFR Flight Plan Clearance D Day
Delivery Frequency DA Decision Altitude
CADIZ Canadian Air Defense Identification DA (H) Decision Altitude (Height)
Zone D-ATIS Digital ATIS
CAE Control Area Extension DCL Data Link Departure Clearance
CA/GRS Certified Air/Ground Radio Service Service
CANPA Constant Angle Non-Precision DCT Direct
Approach DECMSND Decommissioned
CARS Community Aerodrome Radio DEG Degree
Station
DEP Departure Control
CAT Category
Departure Procedure
CBA Cross Border Area 1179765386000

CDFA Continuous Descent Final DER Departure End of Runway

Approach DEWIZ Distance Early Warning
CDI Course Deviation Indicator Identification Zone
CDR Conditional Route DF Direction Finder
CDT Central Daylight Time DISPL Displaced Threshold
THRESH
CEIL Ceiling
DIST Distance
CERAP Combined Center/Radar Approach
Control DME Distance-Measuring Equipment
CFIT Controlled Flight Into Terrain DOD Department of Defense
CGAS Coast Guard Air Station DOM Domestic
CGL Circling Guidance Lights DP Obstacle Departure Procedure
CH Channel E East or Eastern
CH Critical Height EAT Expected Approach Time
CHGD Changed ECOMS Jeppesen Explanation of Common
Minimum Specifications
CL Centerline Lights
EDT Eastern Daylight Time
CMNPS Canadian Minimum Navigation
Performance Specification EET Estimated Elapsed Time
CNF Computer Navigation Fix EFAS Enroute Flight Advisory Service
CO County EFF Effective
COMLO Compass Locator EFVS Enhanced Flight Vision System
COMMS Communications ELEV Elevation
CONT Continuous EMAS Engineered Materials Arresting
System
CONTD Continued
EMERG Emergency
COORDS Coordinates
ENG Engine
COP Change Over Point
EOBT Estimated Off Block Time
CORR Corridor
EST Eastern Standard Time
CP Command Post
EST Estimated
CPDLC Controller Pilot Data Link
Communications ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
Cpt Clearance (Pre-Taxi Procedure) ETD Estimated Time of Departure
CRP Compulsory Reporting Point ETE Estimated Time Enroute

q$z

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 27 JUL 07 INTRODUCTION 43

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

ETOPS Extended Range Operation with H Non-Directional Radio Beacon or

two-engine airplanes High Altitude
EVS Enhanced Vision System H24 24 Hour Service
FAA Federal Aviation Administration HAA Height Above Airport
FACF Final Approach Course Fix HALS High Approach Landing System
FAF Final Approach Fix HAS Height Above Site
FAIL Failure HAT Height Above Touchdown
FANS Future Air Navigation System HC Critical Height
FAP Final Approach Point HDG Heading
FAR Federal Aviation Regulation HF High Frequency (3-30 MHz)
FAT Final Approach Track HGS Head-up Guidance System
FATO Final Approach and Take-off Area HI High (altitude)
FCP Final Control Point HI High Intensity (lights)
FIC Flight Information Center HIALS High Intensity Approach Light
FIR Flight Information Region System
FIS Flight Information Service HIRL High Intensity Runway Edge Lights
FL Flight Level (Altitude) HIWAS Hazardous Inflight Weather
Advisory Service
FLD Field
HJ Sunrise to Sunset
FLG Flashing
HN Sunset to Sunrise
FLT Flight
HO By Operational Requirements
FM Fan Marker
hPa Hectopascal (one hectopascal =
FMC Flight Management Computer
one millibar)
FMS Flight Management System
HR Hours (period of time)
FPM Feet Per Minute
HS During Hours of Scheduled
FPR Flight Planning Requirements Operations
FREQ Frequency HST High Speed Taxiway Turn-off
FSS Flight Service Station HUD Head-up Display
FT Feet HUDLS Head-Up Display Landing System
FTS Flexible Track System HX No Specific Working Hours
G Guards only (radio frequencies) Hz Hertz (cycles per second)
GA General Aviation I Island
GBAS Ground-Based Augmentation IAC Instrument Approach Chart
System
IAF Initial Approach Fix
GCA Ground Controlled Approach
IAML Integrity Monitor Alarm
(radar)
IAP Instrument Approach Procedure
GCO Ground Communication Outlet
IAS Indicated Airspeed
GEN General
IATA International Air Transport
GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite Association
System
IAWP Initial Approach Waypoint
GLS Global Navigation Satellite System
[GNSS] Landing System IBN Identification Beacon
GMT Greenwich Mean Time ICAO International Civil Aviation
Organization
GND Ground Control
IDENT Identification
GND Surface of the Earth (either land
or water) IF Intermediate Fix
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System IFBP Inflight Broadcast Procedure
GP Glidepath IFR Instrument Flight Rules
GPS Global Positioning System IGS Instrument Guidance System
GPWS Ground Proximity Warning System ILS Instrument Landing System
GS Glide Slope IM Inner Marker
G/S Ground Speed IMAL Integrity Monitor Alarm
IMC Instrument Meteorological
GWT Gross Weight
Conditions
IMTA Intensive Military Training Area

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 44 INTRODUCTION 27 JUL 07

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

INDEFLY Indefinitely LSALT Lowest Safe Altitude

IN or INS Inches LT Local Time
INFO Information LTS Lights
INOP Inoperative LVP Low Visibility Procedures
INS Inertial Navigation System LWIS Limited Weather Information
INT Intersection System
INTL International M Meters
IORRA Indian Ocean Random RNAV Area MAA Maximum Authorized Altitude
IR Instrument Restricted Controlled MAG Magnetic
Airspace MAHF Missed Approach Holding Fix
IS Islands MALS Medium Intensity Approach Light
ITWS Integrated Terminal Weather System
System MALSF Medium Intensity Approach Light
I/V Instrument/Visual Controlled System with Sequenced Flashing
Airspace Lights
JAA Joint Aviation Authority MALSR Medium Intensity Approach Light
System with Runway Alignment
KGS Kilograms Indicator Lights
kHz Kilohertz MAP Missed Approach Point
KIAS Knots Indicated Airspeed MAX Maximum
KM Kilometers MB Millibars
KMH Kilometer(s) per Hour MCA Minimum Crossing Altitude
KT Knots MCAF Marine Corps Air Facility
KTAS Knots True Airspeed MCAS Marine Corps Air Station
L Locator (Compass) MCTA Military Controlled Airspace
LAA Local Airport Advisory MDA Minimum Descent Altitude
LAAS Local Area Augmentation System MDA(H) Minimum Descent Altitude (Height)
LACFT Large Aircraft MDT Mountain Daylight Time
LAHSO Land and Hold Short Operations MEA Minimum Enroute Altitude
LAT Latitude MEHT Minimum Eye Height Over
LBCM Locator Back Course Marker Threshold
LBM Locator Back Marker MEML Memorial
LBS Pounds (Weight) MET Meteorological
LCG Load Classification Group MF Mandatory Frequency
LCN Load Classification Number MFA Minimum Flight Altitude
Lctr Locator (Compass) MHA Minimum Holding Altitude
LDA Landing Distance Available MHz Megahertz
LDA Localizer-type Directional Aid MI Medium Intensity (lights)
LDI Landing Direction Indicator MIALS Medium Intensity Approach Light
LDIN Lead-in Light System System
LGTH Length MIL Military
LIM Locator Inner Marker MIM Minimum
LIRL Low Intensity Runway Lights MIN Minute
LLWAS Low Level Wind Shear Alert MIRL Medium Intensity Runway Edge
System Lights
LMM Locator Middle Marker MKR Marker Radio Beacon
LNAV Lateral Navigation MLS Microwave Landing System
LNDG Landing MM Middle Marker
LO Locator at Outer Marker Site MNM Minimum
LOC Localizer MNPS Minimum Navigation Performance
Specifications
LOM Locator Outer Marker
MOA Military Operation Area
LONG Longitude
MOCA Minimum Obstruction Clearance
LPV Localizer Performance with Vertical
Altitude
Guidance

q$z

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 27 JUL 07 INTRODUCTION 45

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

MORA Minimum Off-Route Altitude (Grid OM Outer Marker

or Route) OPS Operations or Operates
MRA Minimum Reception Altitude O/R On Request
MSA Minimum Safe/Sector Altitude O/T Other Times
MSL Mean Sea Level OTR Oceanic Transition Route
MST Mountain Standard Time OTS Out-of-Service
MTA Military Training Area PA Precision Approach
MTAF Mandatory Traffic Advisory PAL Pilot Activated Lighting
Frequency
PANS-OPS Procedures for Air Navigation
MTCA Minimum Terrain Clearance Services - Aircraft Operations
Altitude
PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator
MTMA Military Terminal Control Area
PAR Precision Approach Radar
MTOW Maximum Take-off Weight
PCL Pilot Controlled Lighting
MUN Municipal
PCN Pavement Classification Number
MVA Minimum Vectoring Altitude
PCZ Positive Control Zone
N Night, North or Northern
PDC Pre-Departure Clearance
NA Not Authorized
PDG Procedure Design Gradient
NAAS Naval Auxiliary Air Station
PDT Pacific Daylight Time
NADC Naval Air Development Center
PERM Permanent
NAEC Naval Air Engineering Center
PinS Point In Space
NAF Naval Air Facility
PISTON Piston Aircraft
NALF Naval Auxiliary Landing Field
PJE Parachute Jumping Exercise
NAP Noise Abatement Procedure
PLASI Pulsating Visual Approach Slope
NAR North American Routes Indicator
NAS Naval Air Station POFZ Precision Obstacle Free Zone
NAT North Atlantic Traffic PPO Prior Permission Only
NAT/OTS North Atlantic Traffic/Organized PPR Prior Permission Required
Track System
PRA Precision Radar Approach
NATL National
PRM Precision Radar Monitor
NAVAID Navigational Aid
P-RNAV Precision RNAV
NCA Northern Control Area
PROC Procedure
NCRP Non-Compulsory Reporting Point
PROP Propeller Aircraft
NDB Non-Directional Beacon/Radio
Beacon PSP Pierced Steel Planking
NE Northeast PST Pacific Standard Time
NM Nautical Mile(s) PTO Part Time Operation
No Number PVT Private Operator
NoPT No Procedure Turn QDM Magnetic bearing to facility
NOTAM Notices to Airmen QDR Magnetic bearing from facility
NPA Non-Precision Approach QFE Height above airport elevation (or
runway threshold elevation) based
NW Northwest on local station pressure
NWC Naval Weapons Center QNE Altimeter setting 29.92" Hg or
O/A On or About 1013.2 Mb.
OAC Oceanic Area Control QNH Altitude above sea level based on
OAS Obstacle Assessment Surface local station pressure
OCA Oceanic Control Area R R-063 or 063R
OCA (H) Obstacle Clearance Altitude Magnetic Course (radial) measured
(Height) as 063 from a VOR station. Flight
can be inbound or outbound on
OCL Obstacle Clearance Limit
this line.
OCNL Occasional
RA Radio Altimeter
OCTA Oceanic Control Area
RAI Runway Alignment Indicator
ODALS Omni-Directional Approach Light
RAIL Runway Alignment Indicator Lights
System

q$z

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 46 INTRODUCTION 27 JUL 07

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity SFC Surface of the earth (either land or
Monitoring water)
RAPCON Radar Approach Control SFL Sequenced Flashing Lights
RASS Remote Altimeter Source SFL-V Sequenced Flashing Lights -
RCAG Remote Communications Air Variable Light Intensity
Ground Standard Instrument Departure
1179765386000

RCC Rescue Coordination Center

SIWL Single Isolated Wheel Load
RCL Runway Centerline
SKD Scheduled
RCLM Runway Center Line Markings
SLP Speed Limiting Point
RCO Remote Communications Outlet
SM Statute Miles
REF Reference
SMA Segment Minimum Altitude
REIL Runway End Identifier Lights
SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and
REP Reporting Point Control System
RESA Runway End Safety Area SMSA Segment Minimum Safe Altitude
REV Reverse SOC Start of Climb
REP Ramp Entrance Point SODALS Simplified Omnidirectional
RF Radius to Fix Approach Lighting System
RL Runway (edge) Lights SPAR French Light Precision Approach
RNAV Area Navigation Radar
RNP Required Navigation Performance SRA Special Rules Area
RNPC Required Navigation Performance SRA Surveillance Radar Approach
Capability SRE Surveillance Radar Element
ROC Rate of Climb SR-SS Sunrise-Sunset
RON Remain Overnight SSALF Simplified Short Approach Light
RPT Regular Public Transport System with Sequenced Flashing
RSA Runway Safety Area Lights
RTE Route SSALR Simplified Short Approach Light
System with Runway Alignment
RTF Radiotelephony Indicator Lights
RTS Return to Service SSALS Simplified Short Approach Light
RVR Runway Visual Range System
RVSM Reduced Vertical Separation SSB Single Sideband
Minimum SSR Secondary Surveillance Radar (in
RVV Runway Visibility Values U.S.A. ATCRBS)
RW Runway Standard Terminal Arrival Route
(USA)
1179765386000

RWY Runway
S South or Southern Standard Instrument Arrival (ICAO)
SAAAR Special Aircrew and Aircraft STD Indication of an altimeter set to
Authorization Required 29.92" Hg or 1013.2 Mb without
SALS Short Approach Light System temperature correction
SALSF Short Approach Light System with Std Standard
Sequenced Flashing Lights ST-IN Straight-in
SAP Stabilized Approach STOL Short Take-off and Landing
SAR Search and Rescue SW Single Wheel Landing Gear
SATCOM Satellite voice air-ground calling SW Southwest
SAWRS Supplementary Aviation Weather SYS System
Reporting Station T True (degrees)
SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation T Terrain clearance altitude (MOCA)
System T Transmits only (radio frequencies)
SCA Southern Control Area T-VASI Tee Visual Approach Slope
SCOB Scattered Clouds or Better Indicator
SDF Simplified Directional Facility TA Transition Altitude
SE Southeast TAA Terminal Arrival Area (FAA)
SEC Seconds TAA Terminal Area Altitude (ICAO)
SELCAL Selective Call System
q$z

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 27 JUL 07 INTRODUCTION 47

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN AIRWAY MANUAL

TACAN Tactical Air Navigation (bearing UTA Upper Control Area

and distance station) UTC Coordinated Universal Time
TAS True Air Speed VAR Magnetic Variation
TCA Terminal Control Area VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator
TCAS Traffic Alert and Collision VDP Visual Descent Point
Avoidance System
VE Visual Exempted
TCH Threshold Crossing Height
VFR Visual Flight Rules
TCTA Transcontinental Control Area
VGSI Visual Glide Slope Indicator
TDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar
VHA Volcanic Hazard Area
TDZ Touchdown Zone
VHF Very High Frequency (30-300
TDZE Touchdown Zone Elevation MHz)
TEMP Temporary VIS Visibility
TERPS United States Standard for VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions
Terminal Instrument Procedure
VNAP Vertical Noise Abatement
THR Threshold Procedures
TIBA Traffic Information Broadcast by VNAV Vertical Navigation
Aircraft
VOLMET Meteorological Information for
TL Transition Level Aircraft in Flight
TMA Terminal Control Area VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range
TML Terminal VORTAC VOR and TACAN co-located
TMN Terminates VOT Radiated Test Signal VOR
TMZ Transponder Mandatory Zone VPA Vertical Path Angle
TNA Transition Area VV Vertical Visibility
TODA Take-off Distance Available V/V Vertical Velocity or speed
TORA Take-off Run Available WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System
TP Turning Point W West or Western
TRACON Terminal Radar Approach Control W/O Without
TRANS Transition(s) WP Area Navigation (RNAV) Waypoint
TRANS ALT Transition Altitude WSP Weather Systems Processor
TRANS Transition Level WX Weather
LEVEL
X On Request
TRCV Tri-Color Visual Approach Slope
Z Zulu Time
Indicator
Z Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
TSA Temporary Segregated Area
TVOR Terminal VOR
TWEB Transcribed Weather Broadcast
TWIP Terminal Weather Information for
Pilots
TWR Tower (Aerodrome Control)
TWY Taxiway
U Unspecified
U UNICOM
UFN Until Further Notice
UHF Ultra High Frequency (300-3000
MHz)
UIR Upper Flight Information Region
UNCTL Uncontrolled
UNICOM Aeronautical Advisory Service
UNICOM (A) Automated UNICOM
UNL Unlimited
U/S Unserviceable
USAF US Air Force
USB Upper Sideband
USN US Navy

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
GENERAL
Jeppesen Enroute Charts are compiled and con-
structed using the best available aeronautical and
topographical reference charts. Most Jeppesen
Enroute Charts use the Lambert Conformal Conic
projection. The design is intended primarily for air-
way instrument navigation to be referenced to cockpit
instruments.
Charts are identified by code letters for world areas
covered by a series, by parenthetical letters for the
altitude coverage, and by numbers for the individual
chart. For example, P(H/L)2 is a chart of the Pacific
series covering both high and low altitude operations
and is number 2 of the series. E(HI)3 and E(LO) 10
are charts of the European series covering high and
low altitude operations respectively.
To use the Low Altitude and High/Low Altitude
Enroute Charts, use the small index map on the
cover panel to locate the major city closest to your
desired area. These names are the major locations
shown within each chart panel and are indicated
along the zigdex at the top of the chart. Open the
chart to the panel desired and follow your flight
progress by turning the folds like the pages of a
book. It is seldom necessary to completely unfold
the chart. Although the High Altitude Charts do not
have this zigdex feature, they may be used in the
same way.
When the folded chart is opened at one of the zigdex
numbers, the exposed portion of the chart is subdi-
vided into four sections by a vertical and a horizontal
fold. Each of the sections is labeled at the margin as
A, B, C, or D. A combination of the panel number
and the lettered section in which it falls is used to
simplify finding a location referenced in the Enroute
Chart NOTAMS or in the communications tabulation.
For example, p5C means you will find the referenced
item on panel 5 in section C.
Unless otherwise indicated, all bearings and radials
are magnetic; enroute distances are in nautical miles;
vertical measurements of elevation are in feet above
mean sea level; enroute altitudes are either in feet
above mean sea level (based on QNH altimeter set-
ting) or clearly expressed as flight levels (FL) (based
on standard altimeter setting of 29.92 inches of Mer-
cury or 1013.2 millibars or Hectopascals); and all
times are Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) unless
labeled local time (LT).
Enroute communications are shown on the charts or
tabulated on the end folds where they may be
referred to with a minimum of paper turning. Termi-
nal communications are also provided in the
tabulations except on charts designed solely for high
altitude operations. The end panel tabulations refer
to the location of the facility on an area chart (if one
exists) by a 4-letter identifier, as well as to the loca-
tion within a panel and section of the Enroute Chart.
Due to congestion of airspace information within
large metropolitan areas, complete off airway infor-
mation is not always shown on Enroute Charts.
These areas are supplemented by Area Charts at
29 AUG 03 51
larger chart scales with complete information. They
should be used for all flights when arriving or depart-
ing an airport within an Area Chart.
On the Enroute Charts, the Area Charts are identified
by a shaded symbol on the cover panel, and a
shaded dashed line, with location name, and Airport
identifier on the Enroute Chart.
Enroute and Area Charts are supplemented by
Enroute Chart NOTAMS when significant changes
occur between revision dates.
Chart revision dates are always on a Friday (chart
completion and/or mailing dates). Following this date
a short concise note explains the significant changes
made.
Chart EFFECTIVE dates other than EFFECTIVE
UPON RECEIPT are provided when significant
changes have been charted which will become effec-
tive on the date indicated.
Chart symbols are portrayed on the following pages
with an explanation of their use. Reference should
be made to the Chart Glossary for a more complete
explanation of terms. This legend covers all Enroute
and Area Charts. Chart symbols on the following
pages may not appear on each chart.
JEPPESEN IFR ENROUTE PLOTTER
INSTRUCTIONS ENROUTE AND
AREA CHARTS
MILEAGES
Most Enroute and Area Chart mileages are repre-
sented on the plotter. Check the top margin of the
chart in use for the correct scale. All chart scales,
and all plotter scales, are in nautical miles.
BEARINGS AND COURSES
The plotter centerline is highlighted by arrows from
each compass rose.
Position the plotter centerline over the desired track
to be flown. Slide the plotter left or right along the
track until one of the compass roses is centered over
the desired navaid.
If the centerline arrow on the compass rose points in
the SAME direction as your flight, read the radial or
bearing at the north tick extending from the navaid.
If the centerline arrow on the compass rose points
OPPOSITE to the direction of flight, the radial or
bearing is the reciprocal of the number read at the
navaids north magnetic tick.
NOTE: If your earlier version plotter does not
depict the arrows be sure the plotter is posi-
tioned so that the 360 position on the
compass rose points in the SAME direction
as your flight.
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2003. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
52 29 AUG 03 INTRODUCTION

ENROUTE CHART LEGEND

The compass rose is read in a counter-clockwise direction.

Example:

30
15

20
10 300

EL
LL
RA
10 PA
5 200
OP
DR
AR u
TE Na
0 re
10 0 100o
60 o
ale
sa ` MQR ^ac ~
5 30 o Sc

045
90 All
~ ~ J

20 o

0
100 ~~ ~ ~ epf e~
0
150o 1

o
.
987
., 1
300
INC

f~K
N, D.
SO VE
330o 3 ER ER
ND ES
SA TS R
35
E N H
ES RIG
PP L
350 70
JE AL
o
180

00 o

40

240o 2
10 o 270 400
45
80
ka_I j~ k I
~~ ~K
o
90
450 50
100
55
110
60
120

ENROUTE CHART LEGEND Magnetic north ticks on navigation-

al facilities fit compass roses on
The following legend pages briefly explain symbol- IFR Enroute Chart Plotters, making
ogy used on Enroute Charts worldwide. Not all items it possible to measure the magnetic
bearing of any track.
apply in all areas. Refer to Chart Glossary for more
complete definitions of items.
LOC, LDA, or SDF Front Course
NAVAID SYMBOLS

LOC Back Course

VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range)
0
27
9

LS
18
M MLS Course
TACAN (Tactical Air Navigation) or
DME (Distance Measuring
Equipment)
FAN MARKERS
Terminal class TACAN

Elliptical Pattern

Bone Pattern
VORTAC/VORDME
0
27
9 Fan Marker and NDB
18

BROADCAST STATION
NDB (Nondirectional Radio
Beacon)
ZXN
1340
Commercial

Compass Locator (Charted only TRINITY AFRS

when providing an enroute function Armed Forces Radio Station
1490
or TWEB); or a SABH class radio
beacon.

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2003. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
NAVAID IDENTIFICATION
Navaid identification is given in
shadow box when navaid is airway
or route component, with frequen-
cy, identifier, and Morse Code.
DME capability is indicated by a
small D preceding the VOR fre-
quency at frequency paired
navaids. VOR and VORTAC na-
vaid operational ranges are
identified (when known) within the
navaid box except on USA and
Canada charts. (T) represents Ter-
minal; (L) represents Low Altitude;
and (H) represents High Altitude.
On High/Low altitude Enroute
Charts, geographical coordinates
(latitude and longitude) are shown
for navaids forming high or all alti-
tude airways and routes. On Area
Charts, geographical coordinates
are shown when navaid is airway or
route component.
Some L/MF navaids are combined
in the shadow box even though
they are not part of the airway /
route structure, except on US and
CA charts. They are used for
course guidance over lengthy route
segments when airway/track is
designated into a VOR.
When VOR and TAC/DME anten-
nas are not co-located, a notation
DME not Co-located is shown be-
low the navaid box.
Off-airway navaids are unboxed on
Low and High/Low charts. TACAN/
DME channel is shown when VOR
navaid has a frequency paired
DME capability. When an L/MF na-
vaid performs an enroute function,
the Morse Code of its identification
letters are shown.
When TACAN or DME are not fre-
quency paired with the VOR, the
TACAN is identified separately.
The Ghost VOR frequency,
shown in parentheses, enables ci-
vilian tuning of DME facility.
The navaid frequency and identifi-
cation are located below the
location name of the airport when
the navaid name, location name,
and airport name are the same.
LOC, SDF, LDA and MLS navaids
are identified by a round cornered
box when they perform an enroute
function. Frequency identification
and Morse Code are provided.
DME is included when navaid and
DME are frequency paired.
Fan Marker name and code.
Dial-up Remote Communications
Outlet (DRCO) (Canada). Con-
nects pilot with an ATS unit via a
commercial telephone line. See
Canada Air Traffic Control pages
for details.
29 JUL 05 53
COMMUNICATIONS
RADIO FREQUENCIES
Frequencies for radio communications are included
above NAVAID names, when voice is available
through the NAVAID. These frequencies are also
shown at other remoted locations.
River Radio transmits on 114.6 and
transmits and receives on 122.2,
122.45 MHz and HF frequency
5680.
River Radio (RIV) guards (re-
ceives) on 122.1 and transmits
through Canyon VOR on 113.9.
River Radio transmits and receives
on 122.6 located at Diamond.
Small circle enclosing dot denotes
remote communication site.
Tapeats Radio transmits and
receives on 122.2 and 122.4. Tele-
phone symbol indicates additional
frequencies in communications
panel listed under Tapeats.
HIWAS Hazardous Inflight
Weather Advisory Service. Broad-
casts SIGMETS, AIRMETS and
PIREPS continuously over VOR
frequency.
River Radio transmits and receives
at Phantom on 122.3. Additionally,
Phantom Radio transmits and re-
ceives on 122.6.
River Radio transmits through Lava
VOR on 115.3, but is not capable of
receiving transmissions through the
VOR site.
Grand Radio is located at the air-
port and transmits and receives on
122.2 and 122.6. Additionally,
Grand Radio provides LAA (Local
Airport Advisory) on 123.6.
Terminal Radio frequencies and
service may be included over air-
port or location name. Radio call is
included when different than airport
or location name. Mandatory Fre-
quencies (MF), Aerodrome Traffic
Frequencies (ATF) or UNICOM (U)
frequencies include contact dis-
tance when other than the standard
5 nm.
US Enroute Flight Advisory Ser-
vice. Ident of controlling station to
call, using (name of station)
FLIGHT WATCH on 122.0 MHz.
Charted above VORs associated
with controlling station and remoted
outlets. Service is not continuous.
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
54 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
The telephone symbol indicates ad- Enroute Radar capability. (All do-
ditional communications may be mestic U.S. Centers are radar
found in the communications tabu- equipped so (R) is omitted from do-
lation after the associated NAVAID mestic U.S. Center boxes.)
or location name. Telephone sym- Underline shown below navaid
bol does not necessarily mean that identifier indicates Beat Frequency
voice is available through the Oscillator (BFO) required to hear
NAVAID. Morse Code identifier.
Call and frequencies of Control Asterisk indicates navaid operation
Service for use within graphically or service not continuous.
portrayed Radio Frequency Sector Marine beacon operation times.
Boundaries. Transmission begins at 4 minutes
past the hour and every 15 minutes
Call sign CONTROL and / or RA- thereafter in this illustration; other
DAR is omitted in all times will be indicated. Number in
communication boxes in several parentheses gives duration in min-
regions. utes of transmission.
Facility operates in fog only at
Plain language inflight weather sta- times indicated.
tion with name and frequency.
RESTRICTED AIRSPACE
(Not shown on Eastern Hemisphere chart series
when vertical limits are below 2000 feet AGL)

Restricted airspace. The accom-

panying label indicates it as
Call and frequencies of control or prohibited, restricted, danger, etc.
unit service. For use within geo-
graphical defined radio boundaries.

Training, Alert, Caution, and Mili-

tary Operations Areas.

Call and frequency of enroute ser-

vice or control unit. SINGLE SIDE
BAND capabilities are available un-
less specified otherwise.

Remote air-to-ground antenna for

direct communications with control
center. Center is named in large
type and name of remote site is in Dot indicates permanent activa-
parentheses below followed by ap- tion on some chart series.
propriate VHF frequencies.

On USA charts K (indicating USA)

NAVAID/COMMUNICATION DATA and parens around the designat-
ing letter are omitted.
Operational status at date of publi-
cation. Refer to Chart NOTAMS for
current status, including substitute
When restricted airspace areas
routes for VOR and VORTAC overlap, a line is shown on the
shutdowns. outer edge of each area through
the area of overlap.
(TWEB) indicates continuous auto-
matic weather broadcast is
provided on the facility frequency.

Class SABH radio beacons of limit-

ed navigation suitability indicate
their primary purpose of continuous
automatic weather broadcast by
(WX).

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION 29 JUL 05 55
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
RESTRICTED AIRSPACE
DESIGNATION

A-Alert T-Training Meteorological report required (unless instructed oth-

C-Caution W-Warning erwise), giving air temperature, wind, icing,
D-Danger TRA-Temporary Reserved Airspace turbulence, clouds and other significant weather. Re-
P-Prohibited TSA - Temporary Segregated Area port to controlling ground station, or station indicated.
R-Restricted MOA-Military Operations Area
Holding Pattern. DME figures,
when provided, give the DME dis-
Canadian Alert Area Suffixes
tance of the fix as the first figure
(A) Acrobatic (S) Soaring followed by the outbound limit as
(H) Hang Gliding (T) Training the second figure.
(P) Parachute Dropping
Length of holding pattern in min-
2 2
AIRPORTS utes when other than standard.
Database identifiers are enclosed
in brackets [ABROC]. Database
Civil Military identifiers are officially designated
by the controlling authority or they
IFR VFR IFR VFR may be derived by Jeppesen. In ei-
ther case, these identifiers have no
Airports ATC function and should not be
used in filing flight plans nor should
Seaplane Base they be used when communicating
with ATC. They are shown only to
H H H H Heliports enable the pilot to maintain orienta-
tion when using charts in concert
(LAA) LAA Local Airport Advisory with database navigation systems.
AFIS (Aerodrome Flight Information
(AFIS) Fix name with Minimum Crossing
Service) Altitude (MCA) showing airway, alti-
(ALA) Authorized Landing Area tude, and direction, and Minimum
Location name - IFR published pro- Reception Altitude (MRA).
cedure filed under this name with Official fix name (with country as-
ICAO/Jeppesen NavData indica- signed identifier in parentheses).
tor. Airport elevation and longest Several countries throughout the
runway length to nearest 100 feet world assign identifiers for use in
with 70 feet as the dividing point flight plans.
(add 00).
Location name - VFR airport, no LF bearings forming a fix are to the
procedure published by Jeppesen. navaid.
s indicates soft surface otherwise
hard surface. VHF radials forming a fix are from
the navaid.
AIRWAY AND ROUTE COMPONENTS VHF frequency and identifier in-
cluded when off chart or remoted.
AIRWAY AND ROUTES CENTER LINES LF frequency, identifier and Morse
Code included when off chart or
Airway/Route remoted.
Arrow along airway points from the
Diversionary Route
navaid designating the reporting
Overlying High Altitude Airway/ point. Other published radials may
Route be used if they are greater than 30
degrees from the airway being
Oceanic Transition Route used and are not beyond the COP.
RNAV Airway/Route
Fix formed by 55 DME from MAZ
FIXES navaid.

Compulsory Reporting Point D indicates DME fix and distance

from the station that provides the
Non-Compulsory Reporting Point DME mileage.
Low Altitude Compulsory Reporting
Point
Low Altitude Non-Compulsory Re-
porting Point.
Mileage Break/Turning Point
RNAV Waypoint

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

56 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
AIRWAY INFORMATION MEA change, limit of MAA applica-
bility or MAA change. Also MOCA
or MORA change when MOCA or
Airway and route designators. Neg- MORA is charted with no MEA.
ative (white letters in black) Symbol is omitted at navaid.
designators are used for distinction.
ATS-Designated route without pub-
ATS lished identifier
AWY-Airway
AWY 4 B-Blue, Bravo
BR-Bahama Route, Canada Bravo
BR 7 Route
Direct Route Mileages. Total mileage between navaids is po-
D F-(suffix) Advisory service only sitioned along respective airway centerline. Total
mileage may have directional pointers when
DOM-Domestic Route. Use by for- there are multiple airway designators. The pointers
DOM eign operators requires special parallel the airway centerlines along which the mile-
authorization. age applies.
G-Green, Golf VOR radial & route bearings
G-(suffix) Flight Information only 137 (magnetic)
GR-Gulf Route
G 78 VOR Radial and route bearings
H or HL-High Level 137T (true)
J-Jet
L-(suffix) L/MF airway ADF Bearings (inbound or out-
bound). Bearings are magnetic
NAT-Route associated with the unless followed by a T indicating
NAT North Atlantic Organized Track True.
structure. ADF Bearings include an arrow to
OTR-Oceanic Transition Route 279 indicate the direction of flight or,
OTR PDR-Predetermined Route 279T when used to designate Fixes, di-
rection to the station. In remote or
R 11 R-Red, Romeo oceanic areas where ground based
navigation aids are not available,
R-(suffix) RNAV route the arrow indicates the direction of
J888 R RR-Canada Romeo Route flight.
SP-Supersonic RNAV route
266T ADF bearings (True at track
U-Upper 086T midpoint).
UL 5 UL-(prefix) RNAV route
V-Victor The navigation frequency COP
V-(suffix) VOR airway (changeover point) between two
V 121 stations is indicated by mileages
W-White, Whiskey
from the station to the point of
change. Omitted when at midpoint
A5 One Way Airway or turning point.
Suffix 1 or 1, 2 or 1, 2, 3 gives the Means even thousands altitudes/
UL 7 123
Conditional Route Category flight levels are used in the direc-
L7 1 (Europe). tion of the arrow and odd
thousands in the opposite direction.
For application of this symbol
MEA (Minimum Enroute Altitude), E above FL 290, the left half of the
shown as altitude or flight level. cruising level rose is considered
even. The symbol is shown where
altitude/flight level assignment is
MEA is established with a gap in opposite that shown in the standard
nav-signal coverage. cruising altitude/flight level rose.
Means all altitudes, even and odd,
Directional MEAs as indicated. are available in the direction
E&O indicated.
GPS MEA Means odd thousands altitude/flight
level per the above definition. O
O is used only on one way airways to
MOCA (Minimum Obstruction show that odd altitude/flight level
Clearance Altitude). assignments apply.
Prior Permission Required from
Route MORA (Route Minimum Off- PPR ATC for flight in the direction of the
Route Altitude). See glossary. arrow.
MAA (Maximum Authorized Alti- Flight Planned Route describes any
tude), shown as altitude or flight FPR route or portion thereof that is
level.
identical to that filed in the flight
notification and sufficient routing
details are given to definitely
establish the aircraft on its route.
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
INTRODUCTION 29 JUL 05 57

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1999, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

58 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1997, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

INTRODUCTION 29 JUL 05 59

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1999, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

60 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
AUSTRALIA ENROUTE & AREA CHART LEGEND

FIS
Class G BRISBANE
CENTER
Uncontrolled (SPRINGBROOK)
Airspace 130.4

FIS
BRISBANE Class E
CENTER
(MT HEATON)
Controlled
124.8 Airspace

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION 29 JUL 05 61
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
AIRWAY NAVAID/REPORTING POINT BY-PASS ICAO AIRSPACE CLASSIFICATIONS
When an airway passes over or turns at a navaid or Airspace classification is designated by the letters (A)
reporting point, but the navaid is not to be utilized for thru (G). Classification (A) represents the highest
course guidance and/or no report is required, the air- level of control and (G) represents uncontrolled
way centerline passes around the symbol. In cases airspace. The definition of each classification is
where a by-pass symbol cannot be used, an explan- found in the Glossary portion of this section and the
atory note is included. Enroute and Air Traffic Control section of this
manual. The airspace classification letter is
displayed in association with the airspace type and
vertical limits.
AIRSPACE CLASS A
Airway J26 does not utilize the
navaid or reporting point.

Lower limits may be used if it re-

Airway J14 turns at the navaid sults in a clearer presentation (i.e.
or reporting point but does not stacked airspace.
utilize them. A mileage break
X is included to further indi-
cate a turn point.
Upper limits omitted if at or above
plane of division on a low chart.

AIRSPACE CLASS B

Airway V76 does not utilize the

0 navaid. A note indicating the
27 proper use of the navaid is in-
9
cluded.
18

AIRSPACE CLASS C

Airway V76 does not utilize the

Int. A note indicating the prop-
er use of the Int is included.

AIRSPACE CLASS D & E

BOUNDARIES

ADIZ, DEWIZ and CADIZ

FIR, UIR, ARTCC or OCA bound-
ary.
International boundary.
Time zone boundary.

QNH/QNE-boundaries.

RVSM boundary
Asterisk indicates hours of operation are not
continuous. In such cases, operational hours will
be tabulated elsewhere. Without asterisk hours
are H24.

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1984, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

62 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
Controlled airspace shown in
white.
Uncontrolled airspace shown as a
tint.
Controlled airway/route.
Uncontrolled airway or advisory
route.
Radio Frequency Sector Bound-
ary.
Radio boundaries of control or
service unit.
Boundaries within TMAs or CTAs
defining different altitude limits
and/or sectorizations.
ORIENTATION
Grid shown at the intersection of units of latitude and
longitude or by complete line.
Magnetic variation isogonic lines are indicated at the
edge of the chart or are extended fully across the
chart in a continuous dashed line.
Shorelines and large inland lakes are shown.
Grid Minimum Off-Route Altitude (Grid MORA) in
hundreds of feet provides reference point clearance
within the section outlined by latitude and longitude
lines. Grid MORA values followed by a +/- denote
doubtful accuracy, but are believed to provide suffi-
cient reference point clearance.
BORDER INFORMATION
This area overlapped by charts indicated.
To Notes: Name outside the neatline is the next air-
way navaid to which the total mileage is given.
Navaid identification is shown on all charts series.
Reporting point name is shown when it is the airway
termination.
To Notes: Name inside the neatline is the first report-
ing point outside the chart coverage to which the
mileage and MEA are shown.
Airway lead information: The frequency and identifier
of an off-chart navaid are shown when the navaid
designates an on-chart reporting point, changeover
point or course change.
MISCELLANEOUS
Outline indicates coverage of a
separate Area Chart. Information
within this outline for terminal op-
eration may be skeletonized. The
Area Chart should be referred to if
departure or destination airport is
within this boundary to ensure
pertinent information is available.
On Enroute Chart coverage dia-
grams, shaded symbol denotes
Area Chart coverage. Area Chart
name is included with shaded
symbol.
Outline indicates an area covered
elsewhere on the same or adjoin-
ing chart in enlarged scale. Infor-
mation within this outline may be
skeletonized.
Ball Flags: Number or letter sym-
bol used to index information not
shown at the point of applicability,
but carried in a like-identified note
within the same panel, or in one
place on a separate panel.
Reference number for INS Coordi-
nates. These coordinates are tab-
ulated elsewhere on the chart and
identified in a like manner.
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2003, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
 INTRODUCTION 29 JUL 05 63
ENROUTE CHART LEGEND
U.S. GPS MEAs
GPS MEAs are supplemental to and lower than the regular MEA. GPS MEAs are not established for every
route, or for every route segment. The absence of a GPS MEA means one has not been provided and the
regular route MEA applies. A GPS MEA may be higher than, equivalent to, but not lower than a Minimum
Obstruction Clearance Altitude (MOCA) associated with a given route segment.

U.S. SERIES 800 AND 900 DESIGNATED RNAV ROUTES

AUSTRALIA AND CANADA T RNAV ROUTES

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2003, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

64 29 JUL 05 INTRODUCTION

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2003, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION 12 MAR 04 115
APPROACH CHART LEGEND
LANDING MINIMUMS (continued)
CONVERSION TABLE
At the bottom of the approach chart page, there is a conversion table as shown below.

The speed table relates aircraft approach speeds to the
rate of descent for the ILS glide slope (descent in feet
per minute). For non-precision approaches it relates
speed to the distance shown from the final approach fix
(FAF) or other specified fix to the missed approach point
(MAP).
Some missed approach points are calculated on a
time/speed basis after completion of the procedure turn
inbound on final approach. The absence of a time/speed
table means the MAP cannot be determined by time and
a timed approach in Not Authorized.
Non-precision approaches designed to be flown at a
constant rate of descent have a rate of descent provided
in the conversion table. The conversion table specifies a
rate of descent that allows arrival at minimum altitudes
shown in the profile view. The descent rate is a
recommended rate only. Minimum altitudes shown in the
profile view apply.

On PAR charts:
Speed table with rates of descent on PAR
glide slope is provided.

When provided by the State, a non-precision

descent gradient is provided with a descent
table in feet per minute.

For combined ILS and non-precision

approaches, only one descent table is
provided when the ILS glide slope angle
and the descent gradient are coincidental.

On MLS charts the Glide path angle authorized

for the procedure and rate of descent table is
provided.

INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE DESIGN INDICATOR

PANS-OPS or TERPS
The "PANS-OPS'' margin notation indicates that the State has specified that the instrument approach procedure
complies with the ICAO Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Aircraft Operations (PANS OPS) DOC 8168, Volume
II, 1st or 2nd Edition. Aircraft handling speeds for these procedures are shown on Introduction Page 2 under
"AIRCRAFT APPROACH CATEGORY (ICAO)''. Known deviations to these handling speeds are charted.

"PANS OPS 3" further indicates that holding speeds to be used are those specified in DOC 8168, Volume II, 3rd
Edition.

''PANS OPS 4" further indicates that the acceleration segment criteria have been deleted as formerly published in DOC
8168, Volume II, 3rd Edition. Jeppesen Air Traffic Control ("200" Series) pages provide an extract of the latest PANS
OPS DOC 8168, Volume I and the earlier version, concerning holding speeds. Holding speed tables for both the earlier
edition and the later editions 3 and 4 of PANS OPS are included in these pages.

"TERPS" indicates that the State has specified that the instrument approach procedure complies with the United States
Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures. Note: Charts dated prior to 21 NOV 03 do not include a TERPS margin
notation.

Note: For charts dated on or after 21 NOV 03, the absence of a PANS OPS or TERPS margin notation means the
instrument approach design criteria are unknown.
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1990, 2004. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
115a 12 MAR 04 INTRODUCTION

APPROACH CHART LEGEND

CIRCLE-TO-LAND
ICAO PANS OPS or TERPS
The Instrument Approach Procedure margin also indicates whether PANS OPS or TERPS criteria have been applied for
the construction of the circling area. Maximum aircraft speeds for circling are shown in lieu of aircraft approach
categories. The maximum indicated airspeeds (IAS) are shown in knots and any known deviations to the speeds are
charted. For the few countries that have not published maximum circling speeds, aircraft approach categories A, B, C
and D will continue to be shown. Aircraft approach categories in the straight-in column can be read across the chart
from left to right for referencing the circle-to-land information. The fact that straight-in minimums are not published does
not preclude the pilot from landing straight-in, using published circling minimums, if the straight-in runway is in sight with
sufficient time to make a normal approach for landing. Under such conditions, and when Air Traffic Control has provided
clearance to land on that runway, the pilot is not expected to circle even though straight-in minimums are not published.
However, if a circling maneuver is desired, the pilot should advise ATC.

U.S. Standard for Terminal Instrument ICAO Procedures for Air Navigation
Procedures (TERPS) Services Aircraft Operations
(PANS OPS)

Different design standards may be applied for the approach procedure than for the circling areas. In those exceptional
cases, an additional label in the heading of the circling minimums box will indicate the criteria which have been applied
for the construction of the circling area.

In this example, the instrument approach procedure complies with ICAO PANS OPS criteria, whereas the circling areas
are constructed based on TERPS criteria.

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1990, 2004. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 INTRODUCTION 12 MAR 04 115b

APPROACH CHART LEGEND

CIRCLING AREA TERPS VERSUS ICAO PANS OPS
MAXIMUM SPEEDS/DIMENSIONS

(End of Approach Chart Landing Minimums)

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1990, 2004. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

116 12 MAR 04 INTRODUCTION

APPROACH CHART LEGEND

AIRPORT CHART FORMAT
The airport chart is typically printed on the reverse side of the first approach chart in the series. At many airports,
especially large terminals, the airport chart will precede the first approach chart and contain an enlarged diagram.
Airport charts depict communications frequencies as well as runway, taxiway and ramp information. Additionally,
approach and runway lighting, declared distances, IFR and obstacle departure procedures, and take-off and alternate
minimums are shown. In the example of a chart with an enlarged diagram, this information will usually be printed on the
reverse side of the airport diagram. Separate charts may be included that depict detailed ramp areas and parking
positions as well as low visibility taxi routes.

HEADING
Airport, Ramp and Taxiway charts
At the top of page are the location and airport names, the airport's elevation and latitude and longitude, the Jeppesen
NavData (ICAO) and IATA identifiers, and the revision date.

Jeppesen NavData (ICAO) and IATA identifiers. Revison date.

Airport elevation. Index (page) number (same as approach

chart when the airport is printed on the
Geographic latitude and longitude coordinates in reverse side of the first approach chart).
degrees, minutes, and tenths of minutes, representing
the location of the airport reference point (ARP) when Geographic location name.
an ARP symbol is shown. On charts where the ARP is
not shown, coordinates represent the airport location Airport name.
as provided by the controlling authority.

COMMUNICATIONS
Communications for departure are listed in order of normal use.

VOR test frequency. (Limited) preceding VOT indicates An asterisk (*) indicates part-time
the test signal can only be received at designated operation.
positions on the airport.
Radar is available

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1990, 2004. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 30 DEC 05 INTRODUCTION
APPROACH CHART LEGEND
RUNWAY LIGHTS ABBREVIATIONS
RL Low Intensity Runway Lights or intensity not
specified.
HIRL High Intensity Runway Edge Lights
Runway edge lights are white, except on instrument
runways amber replaces white on the last 2000' or
half of the runway length, whichever is less.
MIRL Medium Intensity Runway Edge Lights
TDZ Touchdown Zone Lights
HSTIL High Speed Taxiway turn-off indicator
lights.
HST-H High Speed Taxiway turn-off with green
centerline lights. H indicates taxiway identification.
CL Standard Centerline Light configuration
white lights then alternating red & white lights be-
tween 3000' and 1000' from runway end and red
lights for the last 1000'.
or
Exact configuration is not known. Known non-stan-
dard configurations are stated as listed below
CL (white) all lights are white full length of run-
way.
CL (non-std) non-standard, configuration un-
known
CL (50W, 20R & W, 20R) non-standard, config-
uration known...first 5000' white lights; next 2000' al-
ternating red & white lights; last 2000' red lights.
Spacing for Runway Edge Lights and Centerline
lights is included as a parenthetical value, at select-
ed locations. The parenthetical value is the spacing
in feet or meters as appropriate.
EXAMPLE: HIRL (60m), is High Intensity Runway
Edge Lights with a 60 meter spacing. CL (50'), is
Centerline Lights with a 50 foot spacing.
APPROACH LIGHTS ABBREVIATIONS
ALS Approach Light System. Color of lights, if
known to be other than white, is included.
HIALS High Intensity Approach Light System
HIALS II High Intensity Approach Light System
with CAT II Modifications
119
MIALS Medium Intensity Approach Light Sys-
tem
SFL Sequenced Flashing Lights
F Condenser-Discharge Sequential Flashing
Lights/Sequenced Flashing Lights
ALSF-I Approach Light System with Se-
quenced Flashing Lights
ALSF-II Approach Light System with Se-
quenced Flashing Lights and Red Side Row Lights
the last 1000'. May be operated as SSALR during fa-
vorable weather conditions.
SSALF Simplified Short Approach Light Sys-
tem with Sequenced Flashing Lights
SALSF Short Approach Light System with Se-
quenced Flashing Lights
MALSF Medium Intensity Approach Light Sys-
tem with Sequenced Flashing Lights
RAI Runway Alignment Indicator
RAIL Runway Alignment Indicator Lights (Se-
quenced Flashing Lights which are installed only in
combination with other light systems)
REIL Runway End Identifier Lights (threshold
strobe)
RLLS Runway Lead-in Lighting System
SSALR Simplified Short Approach Light Sys-
tem with Runway Alignment Indicator Lights
MALSR Medium Intensity Approach Light Sys-
tem with Runway Alignment Indicator Lights
SALS Short Approach Light System
SSALS Simplified Short Approach Light Sys-
tem
MALS Medium Intensity Approach Light Sys-
tem
LDIN Sequenced Flashing Lead-in Lights
ODALS Omni-Directional Approach Light Sys-
tem
VASI Visual Approach Slope Indicator (L or R
indicates left or right side of runway only)
AVASI Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indi-
cator (L or R indicates left or right side of runway
only)
SAVASI Simplified Abbreviated Visual Ap-
proach Slope Indicator
JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1990, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
120 INTRODUCTION 30 DEC 05

APPROACH CHART LEGEND

VASI (3 bar) Visual Approach Slope Indicator
for high cockpit aircraft (L or R indicates left or right
side of runway only).
T-VASI Tee Visual Approach Slope Indicator.
AT-VASI Abbreviated Tee Visual Approach
Slope Indicator (L or R indicates left or right side of
runway only).
VASI (non-std) Visual Approach Slope Indica-
tor when known to be non-standard.
VASI VASI/AVASI/NON-STD angels are shown
when known to be less than 2.5 or more than 3.0 .
T-VASI/AT-VASI angles are shown at all times. VASI
(3 bar) descent angles are shown when other than
upwind angle 3.25 , downwind angle 3.00 .
APAPI Abbreviated Precision Approach Path
Indicator (L or R indicates left or right side of the run-
way only)
PAPI Precision Approach Path Indicator (L or R
indicates left or right side of runway only).
PASI Passive Approach Slope Indicator
PLASI Pulsating Visual Approach Slope Indica-
tor, normally a single light unit projecting two colors.
(L or R indicates left or right side of runway only).
TRCV Tri-Color Visual Approach Slope Indica-
tor, normally a single light unit projecting three col-
ors. (L or R indicates left or right side of runway
only).
TCH Threshold Crossing Height. Height of the
effective visual glide path over the threshold.
MEHT Minimum Eye Height over Threshold.
Lowest height over the threshold of the visual on
glide path indication.
MEHT or TCH is shown (when known) when less
than 60' for the upwind bar of a VASI (3 bar) system
or less than 25' for all other systems including PAPI.

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1990, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 _zj7!;q4j_!z KN z! 9, NBN
qz_j?; <j#j?< #_72!7j <_Pz <(<j?x<

x#z;#j!7( <_Pz<

x24r29@xj $^I4$ W2b# 2 x#r T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 cW^9# ^4$`x^[9^@4a jW#j 2x# M$#r 9@ r#4@9# 24 #49x24`# 9@ 2 xM4c2j
@x `x^9^`2z 2x#2 24r 2x#2$ cW#x# 24 2^x`x2=9 ^$ [x@W^T^9#r =x@) #49#x^4Ia
j#&_!#(27qz!#( #z;
7qz!#(27qz!#( X!q;_zP _q< 47_j_4#q #7?# X!q;_zP

jW^$ $^I4 ^$ z@`29#r 29 9W# W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 @4
92h^c2j$ 9W29 ^49#x$#`9 2 xM4c2j @x @4 xM4c2j$ 9W29
^49#x$#`9 @9W#x xM4c2j$a jW# ^4$`x^[9^@4 @4 9W# $^I4
`@492^4$ 9W# r#$^I429^@4 @= 9W# ^49#x$#`9^4I xM4c2ja
jW# xM4c2j 4M)T#x$ @4 9W# $^I4 2x# 2xx24I#r 9@
`@xx#$[@4r 9@ 9W# x#$[#`9^b#
xM4c2j 9Wx#$W@zra O@x #h2)[z#n
oNB]@@o ^4r^`29#$ 9W29 9W# 9Wx#$W@zr
=@x 7M4c2j NB ^$ 9@ 9W# z#=9 24r 9W#
9Wx#$W@zr =@x 7M4c2j @@ ^$ 9@ 9W#
x^IW9a # xM4c2j W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 $^I4 @4 2 92h^c2j c^zz
T# ^4$92zz#r 2rt2`#49 9@ W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4I$ @4
9W# 92h^c2j [2b#)#49a !4 xM4c2j$n W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4
)2xv^4I$ c^zz T# z@`29#r @4zj @4 9W# xM4c2j
[2b#)#49 2rt2`#49 9@ 9W# $^I4n ^= 9W# xM4c2j ^$
4@x)2zzj M$#r Tj 2^x 9x2==^` `@49x@z =@x oq24rn X@zr
<W@x9o @[#x29^@4$ @x 2$ 2 92h^c2ja
!4 92h^c2j$ 9W29 ^49#x$#`9 9W# T#I^44^4I @=
9W# 92v#@== xM4c2jn @4zj 9W# r#$^I429^@4 @=
9W# 92v#@== xM4c2j )2j 2[[#2x @4 9W# $^I4n
cW^z# 2zz @9W#x $^I4$ c^zz W2b# 9W# r#$^I]
429^@4 @= T@9W xM4c2j r^x#`9^@4$a
#9 $@)# 2^x[@x9$n cW#4 9W# ^4$9xM)#49 z24r^4I $j$9#)
^$ T#^4I M$#rn ^9 ^$ 4#`#$$2xj 9@ W@zr 24 2^x`x2=9 @4 2
92h^c2j 29 2 z@`29^@4 @9W#x 9W24 9W#
4@x)2z W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4a _4 9W#$#
$^9M29^@4$ 9W# W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 $^I4 =@x
9W#$# @[#x29^@4$ c^zz W2b# 9W# ^4$`x^[]
9^@4 o_q<o 24r T# z@`29#r 2rt2`#49 9@
9W# W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4I @4 9W# 92h^c2ja
7qz!#( #227!#4X #7?# X!q;_zP
#9 $@)# 2^x[@x9$n ^9 ^$ 4#`#$$2xj 9@ W@zr 24 2^x`x2=9 @4
2 92h^c2j z@`29#r ^4 9W# 2[[x@2`W @x r#[2x9Mx# 2x#2
=@x 2 xM4c2j $@ 9W29 9W# 2^x`x2=9 r@#$ 4@9 ^49#x=#x#
c^9W @[#x29^@4$ @4 9W29
xM4c2ja _4 9W#$# $^9M]
29^@4$n 2 $^I4 c^9W 9W# r#$]
^I429^@4 @= 9W# 2[[x@2`W
#4r @= 9W# xM4c2j =@zz@c#r Tj 2 or2$Wo ]]^ 24r z#99#x$
o#24Xo c^zz T# z@`29#r 29 9W# W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 @4 9W#
92h^c2ja _4 9W^$ #h2)[z#n 9W# $^I4 )2j [x@9#`9 9W#
2[[x@2`W 9@ 7M4c2j NB 24r2@x 9W# r#[2x9Mx# =@x
7M4c2j @@a

z! ?zj7(

2x@W^T^9$ 24 2^x`x2=9 =x@) #49#x^4I 24 2x#2a

!W#4 2 $^I4 ^$ z@`29#r @4 2 92h^c2j 9W29 ^49#x$#`9$
9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4 @= 9c@ xM4c2j$n 9W# r#$^I429^@4$ =@x
T@9W xM4c2j$ c^zz T# $W@c4 @4 9W# $^I4 2z@4I c^9W
2xx@c$ $W@c^4I 9W# 2[[x@h^)29# 2z^I4)#49 @= #2`W
xM4c2ja _4 2rr^9^@4 9@ $W@c^4I 9W# 2[[x@h^)29#
xM4c2j 2z^I4)#49n 9W# 2xx@c ^4r^`29#$ 9W# r^x#`9^@4 9@
9W# 9Wx#$W@zr @= 9W# xM4c2j cW@$# r#$^I429^@4 ^$
^))#r^29#zj 4#h9 9@ 9W# 2xx@ca
jj[^`2zzjn 9W^$ $^I4 c@Mzr T# z@`29#r @4 2
92h^c2j ^49#4r#r 9@ T# M$#r ^4 @4zj @4#
r^x#`9^@4 @x 29 9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4 @= b#W^`z#
x@2rc2j$ c^9W xM4c2j$n 92h^c2j$ @x
2[x@4$ cW#x# 9W# x@2rc2j )2j T# )^$92v#4 2$ 2
92h^c2j @x @9W#x 2^x`x2=9 )@b#)#49 $Mx=2`#a

q!4#j_!z <_Pz<

q@`29^@4 $^I4$ 2x# M$#r 9@ ^r#49^=j #^9W#x 2 92h^c2j @x xM4c2j @4 cW^`W 9W# 2^x`x2=9 ^$ z@`29#ra !9W#x z@`29^@4 $^I4$
[x@b^r# 2 b^$M2z `M# 9@ [^z@9$ 9@ 2$$^$9 9W#) ^4 r#9#x)^4^4I cW#4 9W#j W2b# #h^9#r 24 2x#2a jW# b2x^@M$ z@`29^@4
$^I4$ 2x# r#$`x^T#r T#z@ca
j2h^c2j q@`29^@4 <^I4$ W2b# 2 Tz2`v T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 j#zz@c ^4$`x^[9^@4 24r j#zz@c T@xr#xa jW#
^4$`x^[9^@4 ^$ 9W# r#$^I429^@4 @= 9W# 92h^c2j @4 cW^`W 9W# 2^x`x2=9 ^$ z@`29#ra jW#$# $^I4$ 2x# ^4$92zz#r
2z@4I 92h^c2j$ #^9W#x Tj 9W#)$#zb#$ @x ^4 `@4tM4`9^@4 c^9W r^x#`9^@4 $^I4$ @x xM4c2j W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4
$^I4$a
7M4c2j q@`29^@4 <^I4$ W2b# 2 Tz2`v T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 j#zz@c ^4$`x^[9^@4 24r j#zz@c T@xr#xa jW#
^4$`x^[9^@4 ^$ 9W# r#$^I429^@4 @= 9W# xM4c2j @4 cW^`W 9W# 2^x`x2=9 ^$ z@`29#ra jW#$# $^I4$ 2x# ^49#4r#r 9@
`@)[z#)#49 9W# ^4=@x)29^@4 2b2^z2Tz# 9@ [^z@9$ 9Wx@MIW 9W#^x )2I4#9^` `@)[2$$ 24r 9j[^`2zzj 2x# ^4$92zz#r
cW#x# 9W# [x@h^)^9j @= 9c@ @x )@x# xM4c2j$ 9@ @4# 24@9W#x `@Mzr `2M$# [^z@9$ 9@ T# `@4=M$#r 2$ 9@ cW^`W
xM4c2j 9W#j 2x# @4a

7M4c2j 2@M4r2xj <^I4$ W2b# 2 j#zz@c T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 Tz2`v ^4$`x^[9^@4 c^9W 2 Ix2[W^`
r#[^`9^4I 9W# [2b#)#49 W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4Ia jW^$ $^I4n cW^`W =2`#$ 9W# xM4c2j 24r ^$
b^$^Tz# 9@ 9W# [^z@9 #h^9^4I 9W# xM4c2jn ^$ z@`29#r 2rt2`#49 9@ 9W# W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4I @4 9W#
[2b#)#49a jW# $^I4 ^$ ^49#4r#r 9@ [x@b^r# [^z@9$ c^9W 24@9W#x b^$M2z `M# cW^`W 9W#j `24 M$# 2$ 2
IM^r# ^4 r#`^r^4I cW#4 9W#j 2x# o`z#2x @= 9W# xM4c2jao

p l?22?<?z <#z;?7<!zn _z4an N99Kn N99,a #qq 7_PXj< 7?<?7?;a

NBK KN z! 9, _zj7!;q4j_!z

qz_j?; <j#j?< #_72!7j <_Pz <(<j?x<

q!4#j_!z <_Pz< ]`@49^4M#r^

_q< 4x^9^`2z #x#2 2@M4r2xj <^I4$ W2b# 2 j#zz@c T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 Tz2`v ^4$`x^[9^@4 24r
2 Ix2[W^` r#[^`9^4I 9W# _q< [2b#)#49 W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4Ia jW^$ $^I4 ^$ z@`29#r
2rt2`#49 9@ 9W# _q< W@zr^4I [@$^9^@4 )2xv^4I @4 9W# [2b#)#49 24r `24 T# $##4 Tj [^z@9$
z#2b^4I 9W# `x^9^`2z 2x#2a jW# $^I4 ^$ ^49#4r#r 9@ [x@b^r# [^z@9$ c^9W 24@9W#x b^$M2z `M#
cW^`W 9W#j `24 M$# 2$ 2 IM^r# ^4 r#`^r^4I cW#4 9W#j 2x# o`z#2x @= 9W# _q< `x^9^`2z 2x#2ao

;_7?4j_!z <_Pz<
;^x#`9^@4 $^I4$ W2b# 2 j#zz@c T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 Tz2`v ^4$`x^[9^@4a jW# ^4$`x^[9^@4 ^r#49^=^#$ 9W# r#$^I429^@4$]$^
@= 9W# ^49#x$#`9^4I 92h^c2j]$^ z#2r^4I @M9 @= 9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4 9W29 2 [^z@9 c@Mzr 4@x)2zzj T# #h[#`9#r 9@ 9Mx4 @49@
@x W@zr $W@x9 @=a ?2`W r#$^I429^@4 ^$ 2``@)[24^#r Tj 24 2xx@c ^4r^`29^4I 9W# r^x#`9^@4 @= 9W# 9Mx4a

!W#4 )@x# 9W24 @4# 92h^c2j r#$^I429^@4 ^$ $W@c4 @4 9W# $^I4 #2`W r#$^I429^@4 24r ^9$ 2$$@`^29#r 2xx@c ^$
$#[2x29#r =x@) 9W# @9W#x 92h^c2j r#$^I429^@4$ Tj #^9W#x 2 b#x9^`2z )#$$2I# r^b^r#x @x 2 92h^c2j z@`29^@4 $^I4a

;^x#`9^@4 $^I4$ 2x# 4@x)2zzj z@`29#r @4 9W# z#=9 [x^@x 9@ 9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4a !W#4 M$#r @4 2 xM4c2j 9@ ^4r^`29# 24
#h^9n 9W# $^I4 ^$ z@`29#r @4 9W# $2)# $^r# @= 9W# xM4c2j 2$ 9W# #h^9a

!W#4 9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4 ^$ `@)]

j2h^c2j ;^x#`9^@4 <^I4 @x [x^$#r @= @4zj @4# `x@$$^4I
7M4c2j ?h^9 <^I4 92h^c2jn ^9 c^zz W2b# 9c@ 2xx@c$
2$$@`^29#r c^9W 9W# `x@$$^4I
92h^c2ja

;?<j_z#j_!z <_Pz<
;#$9^429^@4 $^I4$ 2z$@ W2b# 2 j#zz@c T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 Tz2`v ^4$`x^[9^@4 ^4r^`29^4I 2 r#$9^429^@4 @4 9W# 2^x[@x9a
jW#$# $^I4$ 2zc2j$ W2b# 24 2xx@c $W@c^4I 9W# r^x#`9^@4 @= 9W# 92h^ x@M9# 9@ 9W29 r#$9^429^@4a !W#4 9W# 2xx@c @4
9W# r#$9^429^@4 $^I4 ^4r^`29#$ 2 9Mx4n 9W# $^I4 ^$ z@`29#r [x^@x 9@ 9W# ^49#x$#`9^@4a

;#$9^429^@4$ `@))@4zj $W@c4 @4 9W#$# 9j[#$ @= $^I4$ ^4`zMr# xM4c2j$n 2[x@4$n 9#x)^42z$n )^z^92xj 2x#2$n `^b^z
2b^29^@4 2x#2$n `2xI@ 2x#2$n ^49#x429^@42z 2x#2$n 24r =^h#r T2$# @[#x29@x$a #4 2TTx#b^29^@4 )2j T# M$#r 2$ 9W#
^4$`x^[9^@4 @4 9W# $^I4 =@x $@)# @= 9W#$# r#$9^429^@4$a

!M9T@M4r ;#$9^429^@4 <^I4 9@

;^==#x#49 7M4c2j$a x@x# 9W24
!M9T@M4r ;#$9^429^@4 <^I4 @4# xM4c2jn $#[2x29#r Tj 2
r@9n ^$ $W@c4 cW#x# 9W# 92h^^4I
x@M9# ^$ `@))@4 9@ T@9W xM4]
c2j$a

_4T@M4r ;#$9^429^@4 <^I4

_zO!7x#j_!z <_Pz<
_4=@x)29^@4 $^I4$ W2b# 2 j#zz@c T2`vIx@M4r c^9W 2 Tz2`v ^4$`x^[9^@4a jW#j 2x# M$#r 9@ [x@b^r# 9W# [^z@9 c^9W
^4=@x)29^@4 @4 $M`W 9W^4I$ 2$ 2x#2$ 9W29 `244@9 T# $##4 =x@) 9W# `@49x@z 9@c#xn 2[[z^`2Tz# x2r^@ =x#lM#4`^#$n
24r 4@^$# 2T29#)#49 [x@`#rMx#$a jW# 2^x[@x9 @[#x29@x r#9#x)^4#$ 9W# 4##rn $^p#n 24r z@`29^@4 =@x 9W#$# $^I4$a

7qz!#( ;_<j#z4? 7?x#_z_zP <_Pz<

7M4c2j ;^$924`# 7#)2^4^4I <^I4$ 2x# M$#r 9@ [x@b^r# r^$924`# x#)2^4^4I ^4=@x)29^@4 9@ [^z@9$
rMx^4I 92v#]@== 24r z24r^4I @[#x29^@4$a jW# $^I4$ 2x# z@`29#r 2z@4I @4# @x T@9W $^r#$ @= 9W# xM4c2jn
24r 9W# ^4$`x^[9^@4 `@4$^$9$ @= 2 cW^9# 4M)#x2z @4 2 Tz2`v T2`vIx@M4ra jW# $^I4$ ^4r^`29# 9W#
r^$924`# x#)2^4^4I ^4 9W@M$24r$ @= =##9a

jW# r^$924`# x#)2^4^4I )2j T# Bt =9 z#$$ 9W24 $W@c4 @4 9W# $^I4a jW#x# ^$ 2 Bt =9 9@z#x24`# ^4 9W# $^I4
[z2`#)#49a <@)# $^I4$ )2j T# @)^99#r T#`2M$# 9W#j `244@9 )##9 9W^$ 9@z#x24`#a

!W#4 xM4c2j z#4I9W ^$ 4@9 24 #b#4 )Mz9^[z# @= Nttt =9n W2z= 9W# o2rr^9^@42z r^$924`#o ^$ 2rr#r 9@ 9W# =^x$9 24r z2$9
$^I4 [z2`#)#49a jW# #h2)[z# T#z@c ^$ =@x 2 19tt =9 xM4c2ja

p l?22?<?z <#z;?7<!zn _z4an N99Kn N99,a #qq 7_PXj< 7?<?7?;a

 30 DEC 05 INTRODUCTION 157

UNITED STATES INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS

UNITED STATES INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS

DISPLACED THRESHOLD MARKINGS AND MARKINGS FOR BLAST PADS AND STOPWAYS

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1992, 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

158 INTRODUCTION 30 DEC 05

UNITED STATES INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS

ENHANCED TAXIWAY CENTERLINE CHARACTERISTICS
AND RUNWAY HOLDING POSITION
MARKINGS
APPLICATION
The taxiway centerline markings prior to runway
holding positions are being enhanced to provide pi-
lots with a visual cue that they are approaching a
holding position. Runway holding position markings
are also being extended onto the paved shoulders of
taxiways and may be accompanied by surface paint-
ed holding position signs. These new markings will
be the standard for many major airports in the Unit-
ed States.
a. Taxiway centerline markings are modified begin-
ning 150 feet prior to the runway holding position
markings (where sufficient space is available)
with the addition of parallel dashed yellow lines
on both sides of the existing taxiway centerline.
b. Existing holding position markings are extended
onto paved taxiway shoulders allowing them to
be visible to pilots from the side windows of the
cockpit for many aircraft.
c. Runway holding position signs may be painted
on the surface of the taxiway on both sides of the
taxiway centerline leading up to the runway hold-
ing position marking (where sufficient space is
available), white numbers on red background.

END OF UNITED STATES AIRPORT SIGNS

AND INSTRUMENT RUNWAY MARKINGS

JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2005. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.