Pasado Simple (Simple Past Tense)

El Pasado Simple es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para describir acciones

que han sucedido en un tiempo anterior y que ya han finalizado, por ejemplo:

She cleaned her house. Ella limpi su casa.

I broke the window. Yo romp la ventana.

Aqu vemos su conjugacin que en el espaol equivale al Pretrito

Indefinido. Observa que la estructura de la oracin es similar a la del
Presente Simple:

Tanto en la forma interrogativa como en negativa se utiliza como auxiliar

DID que es la forma pasada del verbo TO DO y acompaa al verbo principal
en su forma infinitiva. En las negaciones puede utilizarse la forma contrada
de DID NOT o sea DIDNT. En el cuadro superior se emplea el verbo To Play
(Jugar) a modo de ejemplo.

Al expresar una oracin en Pasado Simple se entiende que la accin no

guarda relacin con el presente, como vemos en los siguientes casos:

He lost the keys. l perdi las llaves.

(Puede que en el presente las haya encontrado).She lent me a book. Ella
me prest un libro.
(Puede que ya se lo haya devuelto).
Tambin es posible indicar el momento en que se desarrolla la accin para
indicar el tiempo con mayor precisin:

They saw the movie last night. Ellos vieron la pelcula anoche.
We went to London yesterday. Nosotros fuimos a Londres ayer.
Para poder formar una oracin en tiempo pasado debemos distinguir dos
tipos: VERBOS REGULARES y VERBOS IRREGULARES.

En el primero de los casos forman su Pasado Simple aadiendo la

terminacin ED al infinitivo, mientras que los irregulares reciben ese nombre
por no seguir un patrn determinado y en este caso deben estudiarse
individualmente.

Definicin de Verbos regulares e irregulares

Un verbo es una palabra que sirve para expresar algn tipo de reaccin que afecta a uno o varios
sujetos. Los distintos idiomas tienen una estructura verbal para referirse a acontecimientos del
presente, el pasado o el futuro. Cada idioma tiene sus particularidades en cuanto a las formas
verbales.
Los verbos tienen una forma primitiva, el infinitivo, que sirve para nombrarlos
Es una forma no personal, como el participio y el gerundio, porque no requieren del
acompaamiento de una persona (yo, t, l...) para utilizarlos.
Los verbos se conjugan, en cuanto que pueden expresarse de muchas maneras: presente simple,
pretrito perfecto, futuro simple, pluscuamperfecto, etc.
Los verbos tienen una raz y unas terminaciones o desinencias, las cuales varan dependiendo del
tiempo y el modo verbal.
Hay dos tipos de verbos: los regulares y los irregulares
Ambos pertenecen a una de las tres conjugaciones en espaol, los que acaban en ar (amar, estar o
jugar), los que acaben en er (placer, proteger o valer) y los que finalizan en ir (dormir, salir o ir).
Aquellos que no cambian su raz a la hora de conjugarlos son los verbos regulares. El verbo amar
mantiene la raz am en cualquiera de sus formas (amo, am, amar...). En cambio, los verbos
irregulares s tienen alteraciones en su raz en algunas de sus formas (el verbo caber, sera yo
quepo, yo cabr o yo cupe).
El lexema o raz se mantiene fijo en los regulares y va modificndose en los irregulares. Algunos de
los verbos regulares ms empleados son: trabajar, beber, vivir o aprender. Entre los irregulares
estaran: contar, oler, or o poner.
Si decimos que un verbo es regular esto implica que sigue un patrn, un mismo esquema. En
consecuencia, es ms fcil emplearlos en sus distintas formas. Los irregulares no estn sujetos a
una pauta o modelo, van cambiando. As, resulta ms difcil conjugarlos correctamente y es
frecuente cometer errores al emplearlos; sobre todo si el hablante es extranjero y no est
familiarizado con el idioma.
La diferencia entre los verbos regulares y los irregulares obedece a que un idioma no es una
estructura fija y terica, sino que es una realidad viva y cambiante
Si todos los verbos fueran regulares, la comunicacin sera ms fcil, pero tambin ms simple,
ms aburrida y menos rica. De hecho, el nico intento importante de crear una lengua comn y
universal ( el esperanto ) no ha tenido mucho xito; seguramente porque al ser humano le debe
gustar expresarse en su lengua materna, aunque tenga verbos regulares e irregulares.
 FUTURO
Existe una diferencia entre estas dos formas de expresar el futuro.
Generalmente "to be + going to" se usa para acciones que van a suceder
muy pronto o para expresar un plan que se tiene. "Will" se usa para expresar
una promesa, una prediccin o algo que se quiere hacer en el futuro.

"Going to":
El tiempo futuro con "going to" se usa ms comnmente en el lenguaje
hablado cuando se quiere hacer referencia al futuro inmediato, es decir,
a algo que est por ocurrir.
Ejemplos:
She is going to pay with a credit card = Ella va a pagar con una
tarjeta de crdito (algo que est por ocurrir).
I am going to drop off my prescription over there = voy a dejar mi
prescripcin mdica all.

Tambin se emplea para hablar de intenciones o planes para hacer algo:

Ejemplo:
Im going to learn English = voy a aprender ingls.

Se forma con el verbo"to be" conjugado para la persona

correspondiente, seguido de "going to" y el verbo base.

"To be" + "going to" + verbo:

I am going to pay = yo voy a pagar.
You are going to pay = t vas a pagar.
He is going to pay = l va a pagar.
She is going to pay = ella va a pagar.
It is going to pay = eso va a pagar.
We are going to pay = nosotros vamos a pagar.
You are going to pay = ustedes van a pagar.
They are going to pay = ellos/ellas van a pagar.

"Will":
El futuro con "will" se utiliza para hablar de decisiones que se toman
mientras se habla:
Ejemplos:
I need to get my medicine. I will go to the pharmacy tonight.
Necesito comprar mi medicina. Ir a la farmacia esta noche.
 I need some cash. I will pay with my debit card and ask for cash
back.
Necesito algo de efectivo. Pagar con mi tarjeta dbito y pedir efectivo de
vuelta.
Tambin es usado para decir predicciones de carcter general:

Ejemplos:

Im sure it will rain tomorrow.

Estoy seguro de que va a llover maana.
Gerardo Gmez will win the election.
Gerardo Gmez va a ganar las elecciones.
Se forma con el verbo "will" + verbo:
I will pay later.
You will pay later.
He will pay later.
She will pay later.
It will pay later.
We will pay later.
You will pay later.
They will pay later.

Impotante!

"will" es un verbo modal (o auxiliar) que se utiliza para formar el futuro.

"will" siempre debe ir acompaado de otro verbo para formar el futuro.

ARTISTAS
CRISTIANO RONALDO CR7
Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro was born on February 5, 1985, in Madeira,
Portugal to Maria Dolores dos Santos Aveiro and Jos Diniz Aveiro. Cristiano has an
elder brother, Hugo and two elder sisters, Elma and Liliana Ctia. His name was
inspired by the former US-president, Ronald Reagan, whom his father was influenced
by.
The island of Madeira was also the place where Cristiano first learned to master his
skills as a footballer. He spent his early years playing for his local team, Nacional, and
by the time he turned 12 years old, he already made his name for himself as one of
Madeira's top footballers . It wasn't long before he started to catch the attention of
other big Portuguese clubs. Among Sporting was Benfica, a team Cristiano and his
father followed as a young boy. However he eventually chose to play for Sporting
which was a team his mother loved and followed as she was growing up, to play with
the likes of Figo was the dream for her son.
He was then spotted by former Liverpool manager, Gerard Houllier at the age of
sixteen but Liverpool had no intentions to sign him at that time because they thought
he was too young and he needed more time to develop his skills. However, in the
summer of 2003, when Sporting played against Manchester United and defeated them,
Cristiano caught the attention of Manchester United manager, Sir Alex Ferguson.
Ronaldo became Manchester United's first-ever Portuguese player. Initially, he
requested for the number 28 as his jersey number because he didn't feel that he could
live up to the pressure of previous players such as George Best and David Beckham
who wore the number 7 jersey.
The year 2006 to 2008 proved to be a rather controversial year for the star. In the
2006 World Cup, Cristiano faced accusations regarding his sportsmanship. In a
quarter-final match against England, he was heavily criticized for sending of his club
team mate, Wayne Rooney who was playing for the England team. It wasn't too long
until fans started accepting Cristiano again. In 2007, he won PFA Young Player of the
Year, PFA Player of the Year, PFA Fans' Player of the Year, Portuguese Footballer of the
Year, FWA Footballer of the Year, Sir Matt Busby Player of the Year and Manchester

United's Players' Player of the Year. The year 2008 also saw him taking back the PFA
Player Of The Year Award for the second time running. That same year, Ronaldo also
had to deal with controversies regarding his club transfer to Spanish giants, Real
Madrid. He eventually chose to stay with Manchester United and stressed to the public
that he had no intentions of leaving the club.
Cristiano now lives with his cousin, Nuno and his brother in law Ze. When he is not on
the field, he is a very family oriented person. Growing up, when he was about to
choose football as his career, he said that it was very difficult for him as that would
mean lesser time with his family, especially his mother, whom he says play a major
role in his life.
During his free time, Cristiano enjoys cooking. He mentioned in an interview that he
usually cooks before he leaves for his soccer practice. Because he is constantly
training, Cristiano rarely has time to watch TV. If he does get the time to watch, he
says he loves watching one of the local Portuguese game show which is mostly about
trivia questions. Cristiano is an avid learner and he takes interest in learning new
things everyday. Among Cristiano's biggest pet peeves are smoking, people who don't
make an effort and dishonesty.
When the tsunami hit South East Asia, Cristiano flew to Indonesia to help those in
need. He auctioned off a few stuff to help raise funds for charity. He hopes to get
involved in more charity projects in the future because he believes his star status will
help him reach out to others for help.

MESSI

Lionel Andrs Messi (born June 24, 1987 in Rosario) is anArgentine football.Lionel
Messi started playing football at a very early age in hishometowns. From the age of
11,Messi made his first appearance in an official match on October16, 2004On May 1,
2005, he became the youngest player ever to score aleague goal for FC Barcelona -
against Albacete when Messi wasonly 17 years, 10 months and 7 days old.He was
offered the chance to play for the Spain national footballteam, but declined,
preferring to wait for the opportunity to playfor the country of his birth. In June
2004 he got his chance,playing in a U-20 friendly match against
Paraguay.Lionel Messi he starred for the Argentina U-20 team that wonthe Football
World Youth Championship played in TheNetherlands.Messi picked up the Golden Boot
as top scorer with6 goals, and the Golden Ball for the best player of thetournament.
Despite his youth,On September 25, 2005 Messi obtained a Spanish citizenship
andwas finally able to make his debut in this season's Spanish FirstDivision. He had
previously been unable to play because FCBarcelona had filled up all of their quota of
non-EU players

Andres Iniesta
Star soccer midfielder Andrs Iniesta scored the winning goal for
Spain in the 2010 FIFA World Cup final vs. the Netherlands.
Synopsis
Born on May 11, 1984, in Fuentealbilla, Spain, Andrs Iniesta joined FC Barcelona's youth
soccer academy at age 12. The quiet midfielder gradually assumed a starring role on the
club, leading Barcelona to an incredible six titles in 2009. Iniesta also scored the winning
goal in the 2010 FIFA World Cup and was a primary force behind Spain's victories in the
2008 and 2012 European Championships.

Childhood and Early Career

Andrs Iniesta Lujn was born on May 11, 1984, in Fuentealbilla, Albacete, Spain. After
joining the Albacete youth squad at age 10, he caught the attention of FC Barcelona
management at a tournament, and entered the club's prestigious La Masia academy at age
12

Iniesta enjoyed an early taste of international success with the junior national team, leading
Spain to victories at the UEFA European Under-17 Championship in 2001 and the Under-
19 Championship the following year.

Quiet But Deadly

Iniesta made his debut for FC Barcelona's first squad in a Champions League match in
October 2002. He helped Barcelona win the league title in his first season as a regular in
2004-05, but truly emerged as a vital contributor when he stepped in for injured midfielder
Xavi Hernndez and sparked Barcelona to a La Liga and Champions League double the
following year.
A natural midfielder with superb passing and dribbling abilities, Iniesta proved versatile
enough to lead the offense from a forward role. Although his all-around talents were
praised by teammates and opponents alike, the diminutive playmaker tended to recede in
the background as stars such as Ronaldinho, Lionel Messi and Samuel Eto'o stole the
spotlight for Barcelona.

Superstardom
Despite his quiet nature, Iniesta's brilliant play made him impossible to overlook for long.
He starred at the 2008 European Championship, earning a spot on the Team of the
Tournament after Spain topped Germany in the final. Eleven months later, he netted a last-
minute goal vs. Chelsea in the Champions League semifinals, one of the highlights of a
year in which Barcelona won a remarkable six trophies.

The pinnacle of Iniesta's career came during the 2010 FIFA World Cup final vs. Holland,
when he knocked home a goal in extra time to give Spain its first World Cup championship.
At the end of the year, he finished second to teammate Messi for soccer's biggest individual
prize, the Ballon d'Or.

Spain made history as the first team to win three successive major international
tournaments with its Euro 2012 victory, and Iniesta was named Player of the Tournament.
Later that summer, he beat out two of soccer's most renowned scorers, Messi and Real
Madrid striker Cristiano Ronaldo, to win the UEFA Best Player in Europe Award.

An invaluable member of the Barcelona roster, Iniesta was expected to sign a contract
extension following the club's La Liga and Spanish Super Cup success in 2013.

Iker casillas

Iker Casillas became a top goalkeeper for Real Madrid and the
Spanish teams that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the 2008
and 2012 European Championships.

QUOTES

People are proud of the national team these days; rather than letting their
heads drop, they puff out their chests. ... That comes from Spain winning and,
when a team wins, everyone wants to experience that sensation again.
Synopsis
Born on May 20, 1981, in Mstoles, Spain, Iker Casillas joined the Real Madrid youth
system at age 9. He became the youngest goalkeeper to start in a Champions League final
match in 2000, and sparked Real Madrid to multiple domestic titles in subsequent years.
Casillas also starred for the Spanish teams that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the 2008
and 2012 European Championships.

Early Years and Career

Iker Casillas Fernndez was born on May 20, 1981, in Mstoles, Spain. Casillas grew up
playing soccer with his dad and neighborhood friends, but wasn't involved in an organized
league until he joined the Real Madrid youth system at age 9.

The agile Casillas emerged as a star goalkeeper as a teenager, anchoring the defense for the
Spanish junior national teams that won the 1997 UEFA European Under-16 Championship
and the 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship.

Senior Success
Casillas broke through to Real Madrid's senior side in 1999. He became the youngest
starting goalkeeper in a UEFA Champions League final in May 2000, and made his debut
for Spain's senior national team shortly afterward.

In his first four seasons, Casillas helped Real Madrid win two league titles, two Spanish
Super Cups and a UEFA Super Cup. He was benched during the 2001-02 campaign after a
period of erratic play, but responded with several amazing saves late in the 2002 UEFA
Champions League final vs. Bayer Leverkusen to preserve the win.

Casillas became Spain's starting goalkeeper during the 2002 FIFA World Cup, earning
acclaim for his performance to help his side reach the quarterfinals.

Captain of Industry
Named Spanish team captain after the 2006 FIFA World Cup, Casillas enjoyed an
impressive stretch of individual and team success. He helped Real Madrid win back-to-
back league titles in 2007 and 2008, as well as the '08 Spanish Supercup. Cementing his
reputation as the game's best goalkeeper, he was named to the UEFA Team of the Year for
the first of six straight years in 2007, and finished fourth in the Ballon d'Or voting in 2008.

Casillas also helped Spain end its lengthy drought of international success with his airtight
defense in the 2008 European Championship. Spain went on to win the 2010 FIFA World
Cup and 2012 European Championship, with Casillas earning selection to the All-Star
teams of all three tournaments.

Casillas claimed another league title and Supercup victory with Real Madrid in 2012, but
the combination of a fractured finger and rift with manager Jos Mourinho resulted in
diminished playing time the following season, clouding the future of the once-peerless
goalkeeper

GERAR PIQUE

Gerard Pique is a Spanish professional footballer who was a part of the

teams that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2012. He plays as a
centre-back for FC Barcelona and the Spain national team and is one of the
four players to have won the UEFA Champions League two years in a row
with different teams, the others being Marcel Desailly, Paulo Sousa and
Samuel Eto'o. He was interested in football from a young age and began his
youth career in 1997 when he entered the FC Barcelona academy as a ten
year old. Energetic, focused and talented, he soon matured into a young
player who displayed great potential to be a future football star. With time he
passed through the various youth levels and was especially skilled at
adapting to different positions on the field. He also gained a reputation for
scoring goals despite his defensive position, a trait that would help a lot in
his future professional career. He made his debut for Manchester United in
2004 as a replacement for John O'Shea. A few years later Gerard got an
offer from FC Barcelona and it became a turning point in his career. He has
also represented Spain, making his debut in 2009

Childhood & Early Life

He was born as Gerard Piqu Bernabeu on 2
February 1987, in Barcelona, Spain, to Joan
Piqu and Montserrat Bernabeu. His father is a
business man while his mother is the director of
a prestigious spinal injuries hospital in
Barcelona. He has one brother.

He developed an interest in football early on and

began his youth career in 1997 when he entered
the FC Barcelona academy as a ten year old and
joined the youngest boys' team at the club at
that time (Alevn B). He was among the main
defenders of his team and practiced in the
academy for several years, passing through the
various youth levels and age categories (Alevn
 A, Infantil B and A, Cadete B and A and Juvenil B
and A). A talented and hard working youngster,
he won numerous titles along the way.

During his time at the academy, he blossomed

into a skilled player who displayed a great
ability to adapt to different positions on the
field. He also became popular for scoring goals
despite his defensive position. He left FC
Barcelona at the end of the 200304 season.

Career
Gerard Pique made his debut for Manchester
United in October 2004 as a replacement for
John O'Shea as a centre-back in a Carling Cup
match against Crewe Alexandra which his team
won.

In March 2006, he made his full debut for the

team in a Premier League match against West
Ham United at Old Trafford, playing at right-
back. This time he was a replacement for Gary
Neville who was nursing an injury.

Manchester United loaned him to La Liga side

Real Zaragoza for the 200607 season. He got
the chance to play 22 matches alongside
Argentine Gabriel Milito, either as a stopper or a
holding midfielder. However, he also spent much
of his time on the bench.

Gerard Pique returned to Manchester United in

200708 and had a memorable season in the
Champions League. He scored the first of
Manchester United's four goals in the 40 home
win against Dynamo Kyiv on 7 November 2007
and scored his second goal in an away match
against Roma on 12 December 2007.

He signed a four-year contract with Barcelona,

with a 5 million buy-out clause in May 2008. In
his first season with Barcelona he made 45
appearances, and not only became the teams
first choice centre back but also scored three
goals.

He was a part of the Barcelona team which beat

Argentine club Estudiantes 21 in the 2009 FIFA
Club World Cup Final. He played a key role in the
 match as he assisted Pedro Rodrguez's 89th
minute equalizing goal which took the match to
extra-time.

He was called to play for the Spain national

football team in 2009. After making an
appearance in a friendly match against England,
he played as a replacement for injured team-
mate Carles Puyol in the 2010 World Cup
qualifier against Turkey at the Santiago
Bernabu Stadium in Madrid, and scored his
teams only goal.

He played as Spains first-choice centre-back

playing alongside Puyol at the 2010 World Cup
finals in South Africa. His partnership with Puyol
saw Spain concede only twice in seven World
Cup matches. Spain went on to emerge
victorious in the tournament after defeating the
Netherlands 10 in the final.

He continued playing for Barcelona as well and

played in the 2011 Champions League Final in
which his team defeated Manchester United 31
at Wembley Stadium to lift the European Cup.

Gerard Pique was a part of the Spanish national

team that participated in the UEFA Euro 2012
campaign. He partnered Sergio Ramos in the
centre of defence and successfully converted
the team's third penalty in a semi-final shoot-out
win over Portugal.

He played in 39 official matches in the 201314

season as a part of the Barcelona team and
scored four goals, two in the league and two
more in the UCL. However he was plagued by
injuries that forced him to miss out on the
crucial Copa del Rey Final against Real Madrid.
In 201415, he played 43 games for Barcelona.

Awards & Achievements

He was named La Liga Breakthrough Player of the
Year in 2009.

In 2011, he was decorated with the Gold Medal of

the Royal Order of Sporting Merit.

Personal Life & Legacy

 He is in a relationship with Colombian singer
Shakira who he first met when he appeared in
the music video for her single "Waka Waka (This
Time for Africa)", the official song of the 2010
FIFA World Cup. The couple has two sons.