Uticaj razvoda roditelja na kasnije partnerske odnose dece

1.

Ranije se verovalo da razvod roditelja ima samo krakorone efekte, ali novija
istraivanja su pokazala da razvod moe imati dugotrajne psiholoke efekte po dete,
koje traju sve do odraslog doba (Amato, 2010; Amato & Booth, 1991; Wallerstein,
2005, prema Haaz, Kneavel & Browning, 2014). Jedna od posledica razvoda roditelja
na decu jeste i tendencija da se da deca, kasnije u odraslom dobu, ee razvode od
dece, iji roditelji ostaju u braku. Pokazano je da ovaj fenomen, oznaen kao
meugeneracijska transmisija razvoda (Amato, 2010; Pope & Mueller, 1976 ,
prema Haaz, Kneavel & Browning, 2014), posebno utie na enske brakove (Amato,
1996; Glenn & Kramer, 1987, prema Haaz, Kneavel & Browning, 2014).

Schaick and Stolberg (2001) found that high levels of paternal involvement, regardless of
parental marital status, were predictive of high levels of intimacy, commitment, and trust in
young adults intimate relationships, whereas low levels of paternal involvement were
predictive of high levels of insecure (i.e., avoidant and anxious) attachment styles in their
intimate relationships. Daughters who have none or minimal contact with their fathers have
been found to engage in sexual activity at an early age and are more likely to become pregnant
as teenagers (Ellis et al., 2003; Nielson, 2011). Early on, Hetherington (1972) investigated the
effects of father absence due to divorce or death on adolescent girls. She found that daughters
who had minimal contact with their fathers due to parental divorce had problems interacting
with boys appropriately. These girls demonstrated more proximity seeking and reported earlier
and more dating and sexual intercourse. As Hetherington suggested, it could be that daughters
of divorcees find it essential to their happiness to secure a man, because they do not want to
end up unhappy like their mothers. At the same time, their lack of experience in interacting
with a loving father and negative memories of their fathers might make them apprehensive and
inept at pursuing this goal. Moreover, fathers are an important influence in their daughters
marriages. Amato and Booth (1991) used data from the Study of Marital Instability Over the Life
Course, which included participants who were married and under 55 years of age. Respondents
whose parents were divorced were classified into either the father less group if they reported
feeling more distant from their fathers after the divorce or the father same group if they
reported feeling as close or closer postdivorce. Amato and Booth compared those from
divorced and intact families and investigated changes in parentchild relations after divorce on
several measures of well-being. They found that respondents who experienced a decline in the
quality of fatherchild relations after divorce had less marital happiness, less spousal
interaction, greater marital instability, and marginally more spousal disagreements (p < .09),
compared to participants who described their relationship with their father as the same or
better postdivorce.