AD-786 490

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE PREDICTION OF

AIRCRAFT RESPONSE TO RUNWAY ROUGHNESS.
VOLUME II. USER'S MANUAL

Anthony G. Gerardi, et a!

Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory

Prepared for:

Air Force Weapons Laboratory

April 1974

DISTRIBUTED BY:

lz~tkua Technical lafsnntiu Servic

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Va. 22151
AFWL-TR-73-l.9, Vol. II

AIR FORCE WEAPONS LABORATORY

Air Force Systems Command
Kirtl d Air Force Base
SMexico 87117

"' - \

When US Governme t d s, specifications, or other data are used for

any purpose other tha definitely related Government procurement operation,
the Government -thereby incurs no responsibility nor any obligation whatsoever,
and the fact that the Government may have formulated, furnished, or in any way
supplied the said drawinqs, specifications, or other data, is not to be
reqarded by implication or otherwise, as in any manner licensing the holder
or any other person or corporation, or conveyinq any ritqhts or permission to
manufacture, use, or sell any patented invention that may in any way be
related thereto.

DO NOT RFTURN THIS COPY. RETAIN OR DESTROY.

- ._ _
 UNCLASSIFIED " 9

Secudty Classification
DOCUMENT CONTROL DATA . R & D
(Security classltlefic on o: (l'.e, Oody of abstract And Indgaind anolealion must be entered when Ihe oreroll repo'l I- claeeled)
1. ORIGINATING ACTIVITY (COt'oale elUhor) |Z11. REPORT SECURI Y CLASSIFICATION

Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory UNCLASSIFIED

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433 2b.

2 REPORT TITLE

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE PREDICTION OF AIRCRAFT RESPONSE TO RUNWAY ROUGHNESS

Volume II, User's Manual
4 ODSCRIPTIVE NOTES (yp. O.report and Incluslve dalee)

October 1971 through April 1973

I. AUTNOOMI (Airt tme,middle Inltlal. st name)

Anthony G. Gerardi and Adolph K. Lohwasser

1
*. REPORT DATE 7.. TOTAL NO. OF PAGES 1tb. NO OP RmrS

April 19741 '-

i. CONTRACT OR GRANT NO ORIGINATOi* REPORT NUMSCRIS)

AFWL Project Order 72-025

b. PROJECT NO. AFWL-TR-73-109, Vol. II
C. Task 04 ob. oT.ER REPORT No..0 (AY.w,
nhmagss a
,wt , ..l.,tied

10. DISTRISUTION STATEMENT

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

It, SUPPLItMENTARYN" NOTES U? SPONSORI. G MILITARY ACTIVITY

AFWL (D)EZ)
Kirtland AFB, NM 87117
,ASTRAC T (Distribution Limitation Statement A)

A computer program has been developed for use in determining the dynamic response of
an aircraft to runway roughness during takeoff and constant speed taxi. The mathe-
matical model has been programmed in Fortran for a CDC 6600 digital computer. A
typical takeoff simulation requires less than 200 seconds of computer time and less
than 77,000 octal storage locations. The output from the program is in two formats,
a digital listing and a Calcomp-plotted time history. The plotted output is very
useful in evaluating results.

NATIONAL TECHNiCAL
INFORMATIOtN SERViCF

DD ".*14 7' UNCLASSIFIED

seUmrity Classification
 UNCLASSIFIED
Security Classiflcation
14 LINK A LINK 8 LINK C
KEY woRo$ ...
ROLE WT Ro .E WT nOLE W't

Aircraft dynamic response

Runway roughness
Pavement smoothness
Aircraft/pavement interaction
Aircraft vertical accelerations

IISI. ..

UNCLASSIFIED
Security Clusification
AFWL-TR-73-109, Vol. II

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE PREDICTiON OF

AIRCRAFT RESPONSE TO RUNWAY ROUGHNESS

Volume II

User's Manuel

Anthony G. Gerardi
Adolph K. Lohwasser

Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433

Final Report for Period October 1971 through April 1973

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

NoI
 AFWL-TR-73-109, Vol. II

FOREWORD

This report was prepared by the Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory under
AFWL Project Order 72-025. The research was performed under Program Element
63723F, Project 683M, Task 04.

The inclusive dates of research were October 1971 thrcugh April 1973. The
report was submitted 11 February 1974 by the Air Force Weapons Laboratory
Project Engineer, Mr. L. M. Womack (DEZ).

This report is composed of tw3 volumes. Volume I, Program Development,

contains a complete description of the mathematical model used to represent any
aircraft during taxi or takeoff. Volume II, User's lManual, consists of a
description of the usage and form of the computer program TAXI which simulates
the aircraft.

Acknowledgement is due to F. J. Milfeit who contriLuted significantly to the

collecting and cataloging of airplane data, to J. J. Guckian for assistance in
flow charting the computer program, and J. J. Olsen, B. M. Crenshaw, Major H. L.
Russell and R. F. Cook for technical and administrative assistance.

This technical report has been reviewed and is approvec.

L. M. WOMACK
Project Engineer
I
/

PEN STROM WILLIAM B. LIDDICOET

Lt Colonel, USAF Colonel, USAF
Chief, Aerospace Facilities Branch Chief, Civil Engineering Research
Division

ii
 ABSTRACT

(Distribution Limitation Statement A)

A computer program has been developed for use in determining

the dynamic response of an aircraft to runway roughness during takeoff
and constant speed taxi. The mathematical model has been programmed
in Fortran for a CDC 6600 digital computer. A typical takeoff
simulation requires less than 200 seconds of computer time and less
than 77,000 octal storage locations. The output from the program is
in two formats, a digital listing and a Calcomp-plotted time history.
The plotted output is very useful in evaluating results.

*/

Iii/ iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PACE

f INTROD1J('i1 ON L

1I PROGRAM OPERATTON PROCEDURES 3

General Procedures

Aiicraft laput Data 4

Runway Profile Magnetic Tape.s 1.

Deck Set-Up 14

Iii PROGRAM DESCRIPTION 19

Program Flow Charts 19

TAXI 2I

Sub, )utine TAYLO!'. 31

Subroutine IC 36

Subroutine COEFF 39

Subroutine TLOOK 41

IV PROGRAM OUTPUT 43

APPENDIX I Program Listings 47

APPEWIDIX L! Fortran S)mbu.L 'efinitionrb 32

/ !)ISTRTBUTTON 94

V
 ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Pg

L Sc-: ce Deck Setup for Conventional Aircraft 15

2 Source Deck Setup for F-4 Aircraft 16

3 Source Deck Setup for F-ill Airc. ,ft 17

4 Source Deck Setup for C-5A Aircraft 18

5 Flow Chart Symbols 20

6 Program Output Listing 44

7 Typical 2alcomp Plot 45

vi
 TABLES

Table Page

I Conventional Aircraft Input Data Format 6

II Input Data Changes for the F-4 9

III Input lata Changes for the F-ill 10

IV Input Data Changes for the C-5 11

V Format for Runway Profile Magnetic Tape 12

V Sample Aircraft Data Deck, KC-135 Aircraft 13

vii/viii
 SECTION I

INTRODUCTION

This volume contains a detailed presentation of the form and use of

the program "TAXI", which will compute the dynamic response of an

aircraft to a runway profile. This program consists of one main

program and four subroutines. Input to the program consists of airplane

data on punched cards and a runway profile on magnetic tape. Its output

includes a listing of ten aircraft parameters at given time intervals

and a time history Calcomp plot of center of gravity and pilot station

vertical accelerations and the runway profile traversed by the nose gear

2 of the aircraft.

This program will enable the user to simulate any aircraft

traversing a %unway profile with a minimum of modification to the

computer code. The phrase "conventional landing gear aircraft" refers

to aircraft with one set of main landing gear which are nonarticulated

and of the single-acting type such as the C-141, KC-135 and B-52.

Several nouconventional landing gear aircraft include the F-4, F-111

and C-5A. All conventional landing gear aircraft can be simulated with
/
only a change in the aircraft input data. In contrast, the F-4, v'lich

is not a conventional landing gear aircraft, requires a change in

aircraft data and the substitution of two subroutines in the basic

computer progra:. with those designated for use for the F-4. Simulation

of the F-1ll also requires a change in aircraft data and substitution

of two subroutines in the basic computer program with those designated

for the F-1ll. Due to the complexities of modifying the basic program

by substitution of subroutines for the C-5A aircraft, which has two

sets of main gear that are double-acting, a completely separate deck

is used.

In order to facilitate the use of the program TAXI, this volume

also contains a detailed description of the program in its basic form

and the modifications of the basic source deck required for the F-4,

F-ill and C-5A simulations. First, the form of the aircraft input data

cards and runway profile tape are described along with the general

setup of the program source deck. Next, program flow charts are shown.

Finally, the output listing and plot are discussed. A complete listing

of the program and Fortran symbols are contained in appendices 1 and 2.

2
 AN-

SECTION II

PROGRAM OPERATION PROCEDURES

General Procedures

Before the program TAXI can I, used for a runway roughness analysis,

the following procedures musz be followed.

First, adequate computer core memory space must be specified. For all

simulations a core memory of 77000 octal words is required.

Second, sufficient computer time must also be specified. Central pro-

cessor (CP) time is a function of the integration step size, number of flexible

modes included in the analysis, and the type of simulation, either a taxi or

takeoff. In order to estimate this CP time, the following examples can be

used. Using the recommended integration step size of 0.001 sec., a takeoff

with 10 modes of vibration included requires CP time of 2.5 sec. for every

second of actual simulation time. For a taxi with 10 modes included, CP time

is 2.0 sec. for every second of actual simulation time. Including fewer vib-

ration modes and a larger step size, the result will be less CP time required

while more modes and a smaller integration step size will require more time.

These estimates are for a CDC 6600 computer. Other machines may require more

or less time.

Third, a set of data cardb for the aircraft being simulated must be

punched -nd a magnetic tape on wihich the runway profile is stored must be

obtained. The formats for the aircraft data cards and magnetic tape are ccn-

tained in Section II of this Volume.

3
 Fourth, the modifications of the basic source deck must be made if

an F-4, or F-Ill simulation is to be run. If a C-5A aircraft is to be

simulated, the source deck designated for this particular aircraft must

be used. Instructions for the modification of the basic source deck

for an F-4 or F-1ll simulation are contained in Section II of this

volume.

Finally, the entire deck including control cards, source deck

and aircraft data cards must be assembled as shown in this section.

Aircraft Input Data

The following tables contain the form of the aircraft input data

) required for an aircraft/airfield simulation. The data cards are

sequenced as they must appear in the aircraft data deck. For each data

card variable names, definitions, units, card columns and format field

specifications are given.

Table I rontains the form of the aircraft data deck for all

conventional landing gear aircraft such as the C-141, KC-135 and B-52.

These aircraft all have a single set of main landing gear which are

single-acting and are nonarticulated.

Table II shows the modifications of certain cards in Table I which

are necessary for an F-4 simulation. All other cards remain the same.

Table III contains the changes to various cards in Table I for an

F-Ill simulation. All other data cards remain the sane.

Similarly, Table IV contains the changes to certain data cards in

Table I required for a C-5A simulation. Again, all other data cards

remain unchanged.

4
 The aircraft input data for the C-141, KC-135, B-52, F-ill, F-4

and C-5A aircraft are contained in Volume I of this report. A sample

aircraft input data deck for the KC-135 aircraft is shown in Table VI.

/5
 T;ABLE I

AIRCRAFT DATA FOR CONVENTIONAL AIRCRAFT

Section 1 (cards 1-5) - General Airplane Data

Card Variable
Column Format Name Definition

Card 1

1-80 8A10 PLANE Airplane Being Simulated and Gross Weight

Card 2

1-10 FlO.1 W Vehicle Weight (lbs)

11-20 F1O.1 A Distance Main Gear to CG (in)
21-30 FIO.1 B Distance Nose Gear to CG (in)
>31-42 F12.0 MMI Mass Moment of Inertia (lb in secz)

Card 3

1-10 FI0.2 PSARM Distance of Pilot Scation to CG (in)

11-20 F10.2 TAILRM Distance of Tail Station to CG (in)

Card 4

1-10 FIO.2 SPEED Initial Velocity of Airplane (ft/sec)

11-20 F10.2 ThiRUST Total Airplane Thrust (Ibs)
21-30 F1O.2 TAKOFF Airplane Rotation Speed (ft/sec)

Card 5

1-10 F1O.4 CL Lift Coefficirnt

11-20 FI0.4 AREA '.;ig Area (ft )
21-30 F10.4 CD Drag Coefficient

Section 2 (cards 6-11) - Main and Nose Gear

Card 6

1-10 F10.2 WM Unsprung Weight of Each Main Gear (ibs)

11-20 F10.2 WN Unsprung Weight of Nose Gear (lbs)
21-30 F10.2 SXM N-.mber of Main Gear Struts
31-40 F10.2 SXw Number of Nose Gear Strut3

6
 now

-j-

TABLE I (Con't)

Card Variable
Column Format Name Definition

Card 7

1-10 F10.5 AHN Hydraulic Piston Area Nose (in 2 )

11-20 F10.5 AAN Pneumatic Piston Area Nose (in2 )
21-30 F1O.5 ARUM Hydraulic Piston Area Main (in 2 )
31-40 FiO.5 AAM Pneumatic Piston Area Main (in 2 )

Card 8

1-10 F10.5 PAON Nose Strut Preload Pressure (lbs/in2 )

2
11-20 FlO.5 PAOM Main Strut Preload Pressure (lbs/in )
3
21-30 FIO.5 VON Fully Extended Nose Strut Air Volume (in )
3
31-40 F10.5 VOM Fully Extended Main Strut Air Volume (in )
S41-50 FIO.5 OAM Orifice Area Plain (in 2 )
51-60 FIO.5 OAN Orifice Area Nose (in 2 )

Card 9

1-10 FPO.3 SL Distance from Axle to CG Waterline

Main Gear Strut Unloaded (in)
11-20 F10.3 SLN Distance from Axle to CG Waterline
Nose Gear Strut Unloaded (in)

Card 10

1-10 F10.1 TSMI Main Tire Spring Constant Per Strut (lbs/in)
11-20 F10.1 TSNI Nose Tire Spring Constant Per Strut (ibs/in)

Card 11

1-10 FIO.5 DX Integration Step Size

Card 12

1-5 15 IFPLOT 0 Plot

1 No Plot

Section 3 (cards 13-16)-Metering Pin Description

Card 13

1-5 15 NSCQ Number of Slope Changes Nose Gear

7
 TABLE I (Con't)

Ca rd Variable
Column Format Name Definition

*Card 14A, 14B,....

1-10 F1O.3 STROKN Stroke Corresponding to Metering Pin Diameter,

Nose Gear
11-20 F10.3 PINDN Metering Fin Diameter, Nose Gear (in)

Card 15

1-5 15 NSCM Number of Slope Changes Main Gear

*Card 16A, 16B,....

1-10 F10.3 STROKM Stroke Corresponding to Metering Piai Diameter,

Nose Gear
11-20 F10.3 PINDM Metering Pin Diameter, Main Gear (in)

Section 4 (cards 17-19)-Flexibility Data

Card 17

1-5 15 NFM Number of Flexible Modes

**Card 18A, 18B .....

1-10 F10.3 SIMAIN Mode Shape Deilection Main Gear

11-20 F10.3 SINOSE Mode Shape Deflection Nose Gear
21-30 F10.3 SICG Mode Shape Deflection CG
31-40 F10.3 SITAIL Mode Shape Deflection Tail Station
41-50 F10.3 SIPS Mode Shape Deflection Pilot Station

**(:ard 19A, 19B,....

1-15 F15.2 GM Generalized Mass (lbs sec 2 /in)

16-25 F10.3 OMEGA Modal Frequency (rad/sec)

*Ore card is required for each stroke-metering pin combination read into the
program.
**One card is required for each flexible mode.

8
 TABLE II

INPUT DATA CHANGES FOR THE F-4

Card Variable
Column Format Name DefiniLion

Card 13

1-5 15 NSCN Number of area changes in nose gear metering

tube

*Card 14A, 14B,....

1-10 FlO.3 STROKN Stroke corresponding to orifice area, nose

gear
11-20 F10.3 PINDN Net orifice area at STROKN, nose gear (in 2 )

*Card 15

1-5 15 NSCM Number of area changes in main gear metering

tube

*Card 16A, 16B,....

1-10 F10.3 STROKM Stroke corresponding to orifice area, main

gear
11-20 F1O.3 PINDM Net orifice area at STROKM, main gear (in 2 )

*One card is required for each stroke-metering pin combination read into the
program

=_A
 TABLE III

INPUT DATA CHANGES FOR THE F-111

Card Variable

Column Format Name Definition

Card 13

1-5 15 NSCN Number of area changes in nose gear fluted

metering pin

*Card 14A, 14B. ....

1-10 FI0.3 STROKN Stroke corresponding to orifice area, nose gear

11-20 F10.3 PINDN Net orifice area at STROKN, Nose Gear (in 2 )

Card 15

1-5 15 FSCM Number of area changes in main gear fluted

metering pin
*Card '16A9 16BI....

1-10 FIO.3 STROIM Stroke corresponsing to orifice area, main gear

11-20 F10.3 PINDM Net orifice area at STROKM, main gear (in 2 )

SOne card is required for each stroke - metering pin combination read into the
program.

10
 TABLE IV

INPUT DATA C1ANGES FOR THE C-5

Card Variable

Column Format Name Defini:ion

Card 2

1-10 FI1O.1 W Vehicle Weight (Ibs)

11-20 F1O.1 A Distance from Rear Main to CG (in)
21-30 F1O.1 B Distance from Nose Gear to CG (in)
31-40 Fl0.1 C Distance from Front Main to CG (in)
41-52 F12.0 MKI Mass Moment of Inertia (lb-in-sec2 )

) Card 13

1-5 15 NSCN Number of Area Changes in Nose Gear

Metering Tube

*Card 14A, 14E,....

1-10 F1O.3 STROKN Stroke Corresponding to Orifice Area, Nose Gear

11-20 F1O.3 PINON Net Orifice Area at STROKN, Nose Gear (in 2 )

Card 15

]-5 15 NSCM Number of Area Changes in Main Gear Metering

Tube

*Card 16A, 16B,....

/

1-10 F10.3 STROKM Stroke Corresponding to Orifice Area, Main Gear

11-20 FIO.3 PINDM Net Orifice Area at STROKM, Main Gear (in 2 )

**Card 18A, 18B,....

1-l0 FlO.3 SIMAINI Mode Shape Deflection Rear Mala Gear

11-20 F10.3 SIMAIN2 Mode Shape Deflection Front Main Gear
21-30 F10.3 SINOSE Mode Shape Deflection Nose
31-40 F10.3 SICG Mode Shape Deflection CG
41-50 F10.3 SITAIL Mode Shape Deflection Tail Station
51-60 F10.3 SIPS Mode Shape Deflection Pilot Station

* One card is required for each stroke-metering pin combination read into the
program
** One card is required for each flexible mode.

11
 Runway Profile Magnetic Tape

The runway profile is read into the program from a magnetic tape. The

format for this tape is shown in Table V.

TABLE V

RUNWAY PROFILE MAGNETIC TAPE

Card Variable
Column Format Name Definition

Card 1

1-80 8AlO SITE Runway Profile and Direction

Card 2

1-6 16 NPTSS Number of Runway Elevation Points

*Card 3, 4 . ..... Nt2

1-70 lOFT. 3 ELEV Runway Profile Data

* One card required for every ten runway profile elevation -oints.

-1/

12
 TABLE VI

Sample Aircraft Data Deck, KC-135

KC-135 273000 POUNDS

273000. 46.0 502.0 57772000.
581.0 500.0
1.00 55000. 278.88
0.603 2433.0 0.06
2634.0 343.0 2.0 1.0
1317.0 24.51 64.77 82.3
150.0 222.0 392.2 1810.0 3.149 1.227
92.0 92.0
42352.0 11957.0
0.01
0
5
0.001 1.064
6.41 1.129
9.86 1.129
13.88 1.160
16.58 1.240
3 3
0.10 1.483
12.13 1.483
22.00 1.980
8
4.5 7.0 4.5 10.0 8.0
0.0 1.5 0.0 1.0 1.0
0.0 4.0 0.0 2.5 4.0
-3.0 -3.0 -3.0 2.5 -3.0
24.2 -68.0 23.0 -. 410 -88.0
7.0 -5.5 7.0 0.0 -10.0
-1.0 -16.0 -1.0 -21.8 -24.0
-5.0 15.0 -6.0 3.5 30.0
81903.4 10.62
946.62 14.51
7128.17 15.58
34028.44 18.47
724890.1 20.80
48741.8 23.69
122052.2 29.47
63481.19 36.88

13
 Deck Setu

Figures I, 2, 3, and 4 contain schematic diagrams of the source deck

setup for conventional, F-4, F-111, and C-5A aircraft simulations.

For conventional aircraft, no modifications of the basic deck are re-

quired. Only the correct aircraft input deta must be used. This basic source

deck setup is shown in Figure I.

In order to simulate the F-4, however, changes must be made to the basic

program. This change is a result of the main landing gear having a double-

/) acting strut, which is described in Volume I of this report. The F-4 source

deck is formed by removing the subroutines Taylor and IC from the basic source

deck and replacing them with the Taylor and IC subroutines designated for use

with the F-4. This is shown in Figure 2. The modifications of the aircraft

data cards described in this volume must also be maide.

Changes to the basic source deck for an F-Ill simulation are shown in

Figure 3. The use of an articulated main landing gear and a fluted metering

pin on this aircraft necessitates this change. The F-ill source deck is formed

b) removing the Taylor And IC subroutines from the lasic source deck and replacing

them with the Taylor and IC subroutines designated for the F-ill aircraft. The

aircraft input data changes shown in this volume must also be made.

Due to the complexities uf adding an extra set of main landing gear to

the basic computer code by substitution of subroutines, a completly new deck is

provided for the C-5A and other multiple strut aircraft. The source deck setup

for the C-5A aircraft is shown in Figure 4. The modification of the aircraft

data inpu: for the C-5A is shown in this volume.

14
 I

789

ARCRA. A

789

SBROUTINE ('OEF

(SUBROUTINE IC

//

//O

(ON)

- " CORE.

NOREDUCE

FIGURE 1. Source Deck Setup For Conventiornal Aircraft

15
 ,I

./AIRCRAFT DATA

[NF

1_..._____
YTLOI

T/I

789

__NOREDUCE.

/_2_
[ OB CARD

FIGURE 2. Souree Deck Setup For F-4 Aircraft

16
 7/9

~
oreDc
FIGURE~ eu~ o3 ~ -l SURUTN
icatLO

C (UBRU17
/SUBOUTNE

LjBOUIN _____
 66789
7
8'
DATA
AIRCRAFT
789

C-5A)
C 5 TLOOK
SUBROUTINE COEF.
(C-5A)OUS
SUBROUTINE

SUBROUTINE IC
(C-5A)

SUBROUTINE
TAYLOR C_ 5AA)

PROGRAM TAXI
(C-5A)
9

LGO.

MtAP(ON)

ZSETCORE-.

OR-OREDUCE.

FTN.

REQUEST11

JOB 4CAARD

FIGURE 4. Source Deck Setup For C-5 Aircraft

18
 SECTION III

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

Program Flow Charts

The following pages contain flow charts of the program TAXI. The basic

computer program is flow charted entirely. The program is broken down into itb

individual routines and each routine is flow charted separately. The flow

charting symbols and their definitions are shown in Figure 5. The conventional

direction of flow, from top to bottom of the page is used.

1
/

19
 PROGRAM FLOW CHART SYMBOLS

SYMBOL DEFINITION

Operation Box

oe
Card Input

Tape Input

) .Printed Output

C Decision

Subprogram Execution

( Program Statement Number

77Page Connector

Termination

FIGURE 5. Flow Chart Symbols

20

I
TAXI

TAXI is the main routine which directs the entire program In the seoaence

of operations and the calculations to be made. It reads aircraft data from

cards and the runway profile from a magnetic tape and outputs t:his dat-a. The

runway profile is both normalized to the first elevation point and detrended in

TAXI. TAXI calls the subroutines IC, COEFF, and TAYLOR. IC returns aircraft

initial conditions which are used to initialize aircraft dynamic variables.

COEFF returns the coefficients of the polynomial fits to the runway profile

segments. Taylor returns the solution to the differential equations of motion.

TAXI then determines if this data is to be printed and/or stored for use in

the Calcomp plot. TAXI also directs the Calcomp plotting.

21
 PROG:RAM TAXI

START

DEFINE C01MON
SIORAGE AREAS

DIMENSION
i,,ARRAYS

INITIALIZE
VARIABLES

AD AIRPLhjE
DATA

/READ LANDING
GEAR DATA

READ METERIN
PIN DATA

READ
FLEXIBILITY
DATA

22

j
 WRITE INPUT
DATA

WRITE
FLEXIBILITY
DATA

CALL IC

TO COMPUTE
INITIAL
ONDITIONS

RITE INITIAL
rNDITIONS OF
IRP LANE

CALCULATE
REACTIONS AT
MAIN &NK" 2
GEAR

WRITE GEAR
REACTIONS AND
STATIC
DEFLECTIONS

READ
RUNWAY
DATA

2
 y2

NORMALIZE
RUNWAY
DATA

REMOVE
OVERALL
RUNWAY SLOPE

WRITE
NORMALIZED
RUNWAY DATA

COPIPUTE
NUMBER OF
DATA POINTS
BEI"EEN MAIN
& NOSE GEAR
I
COMPUTE
LOCATION OF
FIRST RUNWAY
M.ARKER

INITIALIZE
AIRCRAFT
DYNAMIC
VARIABLES

WRITE OUTPUT
COLMbN
rHEADINGS

24
 I
3
3

INITIALIZE
RUNWAY
VARIABLES

160

SELECT 3
RUNWAY POINTS
FOR CURVE FIT

CALL COEFF
TO COMPUTE
COEFFICIENTS
SFOR

/\ , YES

COMPUTED

25

/$
 14

WiI'll
A PLOT BE NO
ERAT IE.D?
G-ENN 230

YES

SELECT VALUES
OF CG
ACCELERATION

I
FOR PLOTTING

SELECT VALUE
OF PIOT
STATION [
ACCELERATION
FOR PIOTTING

STORE RUNIWAY
HARK FR
PASSAGE TIMES
FOR PLOTTING

STORE VALUES
OF SPEED,
DISTANCE, AND
TIME FOR
PLOTTING

"230

2END
6
E BEEN23
PA
-EACHEDy

26
 Y5

SKIP o',O NEXT

PAGE AND
PRINT COLUMN
HEADINGS

INCREMENT
PRINTED
OUTPUT LINE
COUNTER

240

INCREMENT
TIME

CALL
TAYLOR
TO SOLVE
EQUATIONS,
/ OF MOTION/

HAS
DISTANCE
TRAVELED YES
EXCEEDED 60
RUN4WAY
LENGTH

NO

27
 INITI ALIZE
2ND DERI VATI VES
OF FLEXIBILITY
GENERALIZED
COORDI NATES

COMPUTE TOTAL
ACCELERATION
DUE TO
FLEXIBLE
MODES

COMP~UTE TOTAL
ACCELERATI ONS
SUM OF
FLEXI BLE
AN~D RIGID
BODY MOTIONS

28
 7

INCREMENT
INDICES FOR
RUNWAY
ELEVATION
POINTS

FNO
TAKEN OF

260 "THEO
WRITE

VEHICLE HAS

WRITE "END OF
RUNWAY",
RUNWAY LENGTH,
DISTANCE
TRAVELLED

A PLOT
NO

YES

29
 4w?

STORAGE
SACE FOR ' NO
POT BEEN/

WRITE "THE
ARRAYS CGACC
OR PSACC
OR PROF HAVE
EXCEEDED
THEIR
DIIMENS IONED
SIZE"

266

PLOT TIME
HISTORY
OF AIRCRAFT
DYN;A'I CS

285

STOP

30

.1
 Subroutine Taylor

Taylor is the subroutine which computes the dynamic motion of the aircraft.

Using runway profile information and aircraft data from TAXI and net orifice

areas by calling subroutine TLOOK it calculates forces in the landing gear and

tires. Subsequently, the aerodynamic and mechanical forces and moments acting

on the aircraft fuselage are found. Taylor then sets up the differential

equations of motion and integrates them using a three term Taylor seri"s method.

) The dynamic variables are returned to TAXI for printing and storage.

3
/

312
SUBROUTINE TAYLOR

(START

DEFINE COMMON
STORACE AREAS
AND DIMENSION
ARRAYS

I
COMPUTE
HORIZONTAL
POSITION OF
AIRCRAFT

COMPUTE
ELEVATION AT
MAIN AND NOSE
GEAR AT
PRESENT
HORIZONTAL
POSITION

COMPUTE
TOTAL
DEFLECTION
& VELOCITY
OF NOSE &
MAIN GL R
DUE TO ALL
FLEXIBLE

COMPUTE
STROKES &
VELOCITIES
OF MAIN &
NOSE GEAR

32
 PREVENT
POSITIVE OR 0
VALUES OF
STRUT STROKES

PREVENT 0
VALUES OF
STROKING
VELOCITIES

COMPUTE
ABSOLUTE
VALUES OF
STROKES

CALL TLOOK
TO FIND
METERING
PIN DATA

COPUTE
EFFECTIVE
1
ORIFICE AREAJ

.11
COMPUTE
/ MAIN & NOSE
DAMPING
COEFFICIENT

I
COMPUTE
MAIN & NOSE
PNEUMATIC
FORCE

33
 COMPUTE
TOTAL MAIN
& NOSE TIRE
FORCES

PREVENT
POSITIVE
FORCES STIRE

COMPUTE
TOTAL FORCES
OF MAIN &
j) NOSE STRUTS

COMPUTE
AERODYNAMIC
LIFT

COMPUTE
AERODYNAMIC
DRAG & TIRE
DRAG

THS YES

SET THRUST
EQUAL TO
TOTAL DRAG
FOR CONSTANT
SPEED
TAXI RUN

34
 3

(0

COMPUTE
RIGID BODY
ACCELERATIONS

COMPUTE 2ND
DERIVATIVES
OF ALL,
FLEXIB ILITY
GENERALIZED
COORDI NATES

COMP UTE
VALUES OF
RIGID BODY
DISPLACEMENTS
AND
VELOCITIES

COMPUTE
VALUES OF
FLEXIBILITY
GENERALIZED
COORDINATES

IDERIVATIVES
& THEIR

RETURN

END

35
 Subroutine IC

This subroutine calculates the static conditions of the aircraft needed to

initiate an aircraft simulation. From statics, the reaction force at the main

and nose zeat3 are calculated by summing moments and forces. Tire deflections

and main and nose gear strut stroke are computed from these reactions. Using

these values, the initial aircraft pitch angle and the initial vertical

position of the CG are found. These values are returned to the main routine

TAXI.

o/ 1/

36
SUBROUTINE IC

,START

DEFINE COMMON
STORAGE AREAS
&DIMENSION
ARRAYS

STATIC GROUND
REACTION AT
EACH STRUT

COMPUTE
STATIC TIRE
DEFLECTION

*11
AT EACH STRUT

COMPUTE
FORCES
APPLIED TO
SPRUNG MASS
AT EACH STRUT

COMPUTE
STATIC
STROKE AT
EACH STRUT

COMPUTE
STATIC PITCH
ANGLE &
STATIC CG
DISPLACEMENT

37
 COMPUTE
INITIAL
VALUES OF
FLEXIBILITY
GENERALIZED
COORDINATES
AND THEIR
DERIVATIVES
I!
RETURN

END

38
-- . - |! - =----_______________

Subroutine COEFF

COEFF calculates a third order polynomial fit to a four foot runway pro-

file segment. Given three runway elevation points and the slope from the end

of the previ-lis runway segment, a set of four simultaneous equations is solved.

This solution yields the four constant coefficients of the runway segment

polynomial. This subroutine calculates a runway profile segment fit for each

4rzt of landing gear after each four foot traversal of the runway. The coeffi-

cients are returned to TAXI and used in Taylor for computing the runway profile

elevations at each time step during a simulation.

39
 SUBROUTINE (OEFF

START

DIMENSION
ARRAYS

COMPUTE
COEFFICIENTS
OF 3rd ORDER
POLYNOMIAL
CURVE TO FIT
THROUGH
RUNWAY
I-ELEVATION
POINTS

I
RETURN

END

40
 "W I -

Subroutine TLOOK

TLOOK performs a linear interpolation of the values in the table of

metering pin diameter vs. stroke. For an aircraft witn a metering tube or

fluzeu rm.terlng 'n*i this table becomes net orifice area vs. stroke. In

either case TLOOK is called by Taylor and furnished with a landing gear strut

stroke. It does a table look-up and fits a straight line between the two

points which straddle thegiven strut stroke. The slope and y-intercept of

this line are returned to Taylor where a net orifice area is computed. TLOOK

is called at each time step during a simulation for eac' Tet of landing gear

of the aircraft.

4
/

41

I
SUBROUTINE TLOOK

START

DIMENSION
ARRAYS

LOCATE THE
CONSTANT
SLOPE SECTION
OF METERING
PIN FOR THE
PRESENT
STROKE

COMPUTE SLOPE
OF METERING
PIN IN THIS
SECTION

I
COMPUTE ZERO
STROKE
DIAMETER FOR
THIS SLOPE J

END

42
 SECTION IV

PROGRAM OUTPUT

The results oi Llhe program are presented in two forms. These are a

listing of ten dynamic aircraft parameters and a Calcomp plot.

The listing of the dynamic aircraft parameters occurs at specified time

intervals during an aircraft simulation which are larger than the integration

step size. For a take-off simulation printing occurs at .01 second intervals.

If a constant speed taxi simulation is made, printing occurs every .02 seconds.

These intervals are model simulation times not real time. Thus, using an

integration step size of .001 seconds, ten or twenty solution integrations are

made between every line of printing. The ten aircraft parameters selected for

printing are main gear stroke, nose gear stroke, main gear force, nose gear

force, speed of the aircraft, distance down the runway, tail acceleration, CG

acceleration, pilot station acceleration, and simulation time. Other variables

may be printed out by modifying the WRITE statement in the main routine TAXI
-/

and putting the variable in COMM0ON'between TAXI and the routine in which it is

defined. A sample peae of printed output is shown in Figure 6.

The other form : .,.put is the Calcomp plot. On this plot, CG acceleration

and pilot station acceieration time histories are displayed along with the

runway profile time history as seen by the nose gear of the aircraft. Aircraft

speed and distance and runway markers are also plotted at specified intervals.

A more complete description of the Calcomp plot is contained in Volume I of

this report. A photographic reduction of a typical Calcomp plot is shown in

Figure 7.
43
 .*** ** *** t***t*D
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I* . .,. . .. . . ~ . .. s .. " . Ce! . ... ..........

.0~~~~W 2O W)4P7404~ f)nO4fl20Y .0 4M in4

ca,"a czs..4 34511-a

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a I4 fa $' I II

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1-4

2.7, 0,7
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2''40J1.)4dY 95.-2StV, 'J48434 , 4.4) 100 .553. 434.- 3.O2O544 4-..1. .
*# 1 0 011I of ofo~..I I off$.IU~0.
@$ il*0 I0fill. 1 1 1a to2 .1114494.J 0* 1
i 3 2.. O D 542.3.* N i 25.392

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3.')IO*. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
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U, *S. 'elI 9e) :: 1-5:. 1

 APFENDIX I

PROGRAM LISTINGS

A complete listing of the program source deck for conventional

landing gear aircraft and the C-5A aircraft is given below. Listing

of the TAYLOR and IC subroutines for the F-4 and F-111 simulation are

also included. The programs are separated into individual routines

for clarity.

47
 PIROGIRAf TAXI(INPUTtOUTPU7.TAPE5=INPUTTAPE6=OUTPUTTAPE3,TAPE2t
ITAPE?)

C THIS PROGRAP WILL PERFORM A SYMMETRIC

C DYNAkiC TAXI ANALYSIS ON A FLEXIBLE
C VEHICLE TRAvrRSIN`G A GIVEN RIGID RUWAY
C PROFILE*

$44.44 699 4444X9444 9444944444446 449.4444 .............. e..# #4 4444494

COMMONtFLEzX2/NFH,GNC 15) ,CHE-GA(15)

COMMCN/FLEX3/0(15),OD(15) ,ODO(15)
COMt4ON/)k1/W, W~tWNMCGM~MN,NA, BMI
C'.)MMCN/X2/PACMVCMAAMAPMOAN
COMMON/X~3/PACN9VON#AANvAhiNtOAN
COMMCN/X*./SXI',SXNSLMSL?',TSH ,TSN
COI'MON/X'.iL ,CDAREATHRLST
) ~COtMM1N/Xf6/ZREACTMRE-ACTt% CXNTRUNSPEEO
COMMON/ X /AM SN, CMO0 ,AN SN ,CN,D
COMMCN/Xe/STIROKM(20),PINCN(Z0),STROKN(20),PINONd20),NSCI',NSCN
COIO/c/SStTF XA~XOZtE~ VELI'
COMMCN/X 1./ZPNZPN
CII'ENSIOIN PLANE(8),SITE(e)

OIPENSIOk ELEV(760O)
CIPENSIO YP(4),YPN(4)
CIPENSIOt CGACC(1803)9 TIME(1630)t PSACCCI1800), TIME1(1600)
CIMErhSl%^. FRCF(ISOC) ,RNARK(Q0)
DIPENSIOt' SSPLOT(.20Q3)t STIPE(300)9ODPLOT(300)

CALL PLOTS(1G0e0..UN5)
PSA=Z.0
CGOUT=G.C
tiOR=O.

ILL =
STOREI =
STCRE2 = L
s
STORES =
STORE4 = C.
NN

ITT 6

C READ AND PRINT INPUT CATA

C W=VEHICLE NEIGPT AT CG (POLNCSI

C A=CISTANCE MAIN GEAR TO CG (INCHES)
C S=ZISIANC.E NOSEz GEAR rQ CG (INCHES)
C PK;I=PASS MOMENT OF INERTIA (LB IN SEC SOl
C PLANE= AIRPLANE BEIN'G SIMVLATED AND GROSS WEIGHT
C PSAFM iJISlaNCE OF PILOT STATION IC CG

48
 TAILRN : DISTANCE OF TAIL STATION TO CG
C TAKCFFm TAKE-OFF SPEED (FEET/SEC)
C SPEEC =INITIAL VEL OF AIRFLANE
C THUFST: TOTAL AIRPLANE THRUST
C CLzLIFT COEFFo
C AREAtNING AREA
C CO=CRAG COEFF.
C NMzEIGHT OF MAIN GEAR (EACH)
C WN=NEIGHT OF NOSE GEAR
C SXM= NUMBER CF PAIN GEAR STRUTS
C SXN= NUMBER OF NOSE GEAR STRUTS
C AH" HYDRAULIC PISTON AREA NCSE SQ INCHES
C AAN PNEUMATIC PISTCN AREA NCSE SO INCHES
C AMM HYDRAULIC PISTON AREA HAIN SQ INCHES
C AAK PNEUMATIC PISTCO AREA MAIN SO INCHES
C PAON NOSE STRUT PRELCAC PRESSURE PSI
C PAO" MAIN STRUT PRELCA( 0RESSURE PSI
C VON NOSE STRUT INITIAL VOLUPE CU. IN.
C VON MAIN STRUT INITIAL VOLUVE CU. IN*
C OAM ORIFACE AREA PAIN
) C CAN ORIFACE AREA NOSE
C SLM:PAIN GEAR STRUT LENGTH UNLOADED INCHES
"C DISTANCE FROt CL OF AALE TO CG LINE
C SLNNOSE GEAR STRUT LENGTH UfLCADEO INCHES
C DISTANCE FROt CL OF AXLE TC CG LINE
C TSM PAIN TIRE SPRING CONSTANT PEA STRUT
C TSN NOSE TIRE SPRING CONSTANT PER STRUT
C 9kxTIME STEF SIZE
C REAC METERING PIN DESCRIPTION STARTING AT ZERO STROKE
C NSCG:i OF METERING PIN CHANGES NOSE GEAR
C NSCN:l OF METERING PIN CHANGES MAIN ;EAR
C NFX = NUMBER OF FLEXIBLE MOSES
C SIXXXX(I) x MODE SHAPE DEFLECTION (hCN WIM.)
C GH(I) = GENERALIZED MASS (PCUNOS-SEC SQ/IN)
C OMEGA (I) s MODAL FREQUENCIES (RAO/SEC)
READ (5,1) PLANE
I FORHAT(BAIO)
READ(SvS) NAtSNMI
5 FORHAT(3F10#1,F12.b)
REAOtSID) PSARMTAILRM
10 FORMAT(ZFIO.2)
READ(,15) !'PEEDTHRLST9TAKOFF
15 FORMAT(3F10.3)
READIS2C) CLtAREACO
20 FORMAT(3F10.4)
READ(S92S) WPtMWtSXMltSXN
25 FORHATiEF1O*2)
READ(0030) AMNAANtAHMtAAM
30 FORNAT(tt O.S0)
READ(5,35) PQONPAONVONVCMOAM*OAN
3S FORHATi6VfO.o)
READ(5E40) SLWSLN
40 FORMATC(F10.3)
REA0U545) TSM qTSN
4S FORMAT(2F10.1)
REAO(550)OX
PEAO(S,51)IFFLOT
50 FORMAT(FIO.3)

49
 fu

AEAD(5951) NSCN
51. FORMAT(I5)

52 FORHAT(2(Fi04 3))
REAO(5951)NSCN
REAOC5,52) (STROKM(I),PINOVqI)9I=1,NSCN)
FEAO(5,51) NFM

53 FORMAT(5FIC93)
READ(5,5d.) (C*N(I)tCHN-GA(I)tI~iqNFX)
54 FOrc"AT(FlS*2,F~o.3l
Pfi:WM/38f,
PN=4WN/386.
?'CG="/38E.
TYPRUN =.01
NTRUN I
IF(SPEEO .GT. So) 56,5?
56 TYPRUjN .01
hyRuh 2
) 57 hftITE(6,55)
WRITE(6,EC)
6C FCHT4X4Hf*44***# INPUT CATA *# ## #)
WRITE(6*61)
61 FOMT/lt4H*4*0 GENERAL AIRCRAFT DATA ~~
)sRITE(696-2)PLANE,
62 FORjqAT(I/,jX98AII)

65 FORNAT(/#*/,5X,'W=',FIC1O9iX,4WN=4F1O.2,5X,'WN=*,FlC.2,5X,

IIRITE(6,66) SXNSK?,SLMSLNPSARPTAILRM
66 FCR,4AT(//,5X,*SXMTz4 9 Va.1,5X,#SXNa4,F9.2,5X,#SLN:4tS91,5X,
9
1OSLN=*,F6 .1,5XPSARN=#, F7.1,4X,#TAILRMN9,F7..)
hRITE(69701 AAWAHV',PAONVCIIOAHTSM
70 FORMAT(//,5X,'AAP=*,F8.2 ,5X, 4 AHH',V8.*2,6X,'PAOH=*,F9.2,4Xt
1*VOM=#,F8,2sX,*CAIz:,F8.2,5X,'TStM =*sFlO2)
%RITE(6,741 AAN#At4NvPAONtVONOANTSN
74. FORMAT //I,5kAAhs',Fe.2,5X,'AI4N=4 9 Fo.2, 6X,*FA~tt:#F9.Z94Xt
1*VGNt4*,F8.2,5X,40Ah=*,F8.2,5XTSN =*sFIO.2)
bRITE (6,p75) CLCOAREASPEEOTKRLSTTAKOFF
75 FORiAT(//,5X,'CL= ,?9.3,5A,*CD=zF9.3,6X,#AREA4,9F6.2,5X.
14 SPEEO=* ,FT. 14X.1t4RUSTX*,F7.O, 3X,'AKOFFz',FJlo 2)
wRITE(6,?6) (STROKlI)9PlNDN(I)9I11,NSCN)
76 FORhAT(//93X9#S7ROKE NOSE PIN CIA#4EUR *//.2(3X*FI093))
h4RIIE(6*7?) (STROKV(I)vPlNON(I,19I=,NSCI4)
7?FORtqAT(//t3Xt*STROKE t'AI% PIN CIAMETER *//92(3XvFIO.3))
WRITE (6,6G)
80 FORMAT(11'1,1X9*tCDE SIPS SINOSE*94Xt* SICG SIMAIN SITAIL
IOMEGA GEN* laASS*)
CO 85 Xx1,NFNf
85 URITE(6,iO )(ISIPS(I),SINCSEtI),SICG(I),SINAIN(I),SITAIL(I),
ICPIEGA(iGH61(I))

C ZMI =INITIAL 14AIN GEAR POSITION. INCHES

NRITE (6,55)
95 FOMT//4Xv0f"** INTIAL CONDITIONS
C ZNI =INITIAL NO~SE GEAR POSITION INCHES

50
 C ZCGIxINITIAL C*Go POSITION IhCHES
C THETAIaINITIAL PITCH ANGLE DEGREES
C THE ABOVE PARAMqETERS ARE CALCULATED IN SUBROUTINE IC
CALL IC( ZCGI#ZffIZNITI'ETAII
1WRITE (6,105S) ZNI ,ZNI .THETAI#ZCGI
LOS FORMAT(// ,5XiMZNIUF10. 3,SX,4,ZNISF10.3,SXTHTNETAIUFIo.6,
I5X95HZCGIO*F1O*3)
REACTNa(2NI*TSN )fSN
REACTM(Nu I*'TSN 3'SXM
IeRITE(6,106) XNAIN9XNOSEREACTNFEACTH
106 FORMAT (/,3X ,'XHAIN',*F8.3,3X,*WWOSEs',FI.3,3X,'REACTNX',FIO.@,
I3X9*REACT~u' ,FIU .0)
C READ RUNWAY PROFILE DATA (ELIV)
C SITE* RUNWAY PROFILE AND DIRECTION
C NPTSSvS OF FUNWAY ELEVATION DATA POINTS
WlRITE (6,111)
III FORMAT0('1)
00 112 Isitso
112 ELEVills0oo
REAO(2,1) SITE
) REAO(2,116) NPTSS
NPTSSuNPTSS+90
116 FORHAT(I5)
LOSSI
117 LSOaLD + 9
NEAO(2#118) (ELEV CI) ,IwLOLSO)
110 FORMAT(10FT.31
hI0=LD
IF(LSO.Gl.NPTSS) GO TO 120
LO=LD*10
GO TO 117
120 ELf VluELEVCSI)
00 125 I'51,b10
129 ELEVCI) a ELEYCI) *ELEVI
CALL RETUJRNS (2)
DISTANsOo
LSOuLSO-10
SLPS(Lso-50102
SLPSELEV CLSO)/SLP
00 126 lu~t 011
ELEVCI) EL9V I) -SLPf0I STAN
126 OISTAN=OISTAN*29
IVALs(A+IS/20#o
WRITE (6, 30)
130 FORNAT(1INIM0X. RUNWAY PROFILE DATA NORIEALIZO (SLOPE REMOVED1'
ts0N,'FEEI NowN THE RUNWAvf)
WRITE(G,1) SITE
L 01.
139 LsSI LOS # 9
LPAIN * SOI * I
URITE 46,140) tELIVI),ISLOILSOI) ,PAZN
146 PORMIATsullItoFss1,1xes81
LDIsL@1*10
RUCL@1.oggNtO) 60 TO 161
GO TO 1$9
161 NNITECOIN1) LOS
156 FORNAT C6IH"44*44' ENO RUNWAY SATA '*"''LO189ISI

51
 htRITE(791) SITE
ENORUN = NPTSS*2
PRM=(ENOFUN-I00*)/1000*
R#4:(((ENORUN-100Od-FLOAT(I1RM#1000))/2.),11O00.
ENORUM:EtNORU -90.
1(2) mZCGI'

7D(4) = P
T(6) =ZNI
TOW x C.
T(8) = TI-ETAI

TOMI) SPEED
NRITE(6, 155)
155 FORMAT(IHI,7X,,' XtIAIN XNiOSE FSt, FSN
I TAILAC SPEED 01ST. CGACC PSA TIN
2E*)
cz=o.
) ZPHIoo
ZPN=00
ZNDOT=O*
JX1
160 YP(1) =ZOOT
YP(2)xELEV(J)
VP(3)=ELEtI(J41)
'fP(4)=ELEV(J*2)
YPN (1)=ZhOOT
VPN(2)=ELEV( IVAL)
YPN(31=ELEV( IVALGI)
'VPN (4s)=ELEVi XVAL+2)

CALL (GOEFF (YPNAN,8NCNON)

CALL COEFF CYP9AP,811,CHCN)
ZOOTZBN
ZNOOT8BN
IF(M*GT.1) GC TO 245

165 WRITE(69170C XMAINXNOSEFSNFS-NTAILACTO(10),T(..Cb

1CGOU7 9PSAtX
bRITE(7,99''0) TAILACtCGOU7,PSA
900 FOqMAT(3XtFl0.31
TIPEX =C.
1T0 FCRPAT(3X,2(3XF0.S)c243X9F10.0),5(3XF10.3),2XF6.2)

XF(IFPLO1.EQ*1) GO TO 230
IF(ASS(CGOUT ).LE.ASS(STCRE2).ANCeA83S(STORE2).GE.ABS(STOREj))
IGO To lot0
175 STOREL STORE2
STOREZ = CGOUT
GO TC 196
180 IF(X-TIME(NN).GT**08) GO TO 185
XF(A9S(S7ORE2)eGT..300CG) GO TO 185
GO TO ITS
165 NN NN + I,
CGACC(WI4) 2STORE2

52
 PROF(NN) = ZPN
TIPE(NN) =X- 10. 4O
IF(TIME(tNt')*LT*0*) TIMEtNN) .01
STOREI = STORE2
STORiZ =CGOUT
190 IFIA8S(PSA)oLE.AO)S(STORE4).ANO.AeIS(STORE4).GE.ABS(STORE3))
IGO TC 205
200 STORE3 z STORE'.
STORE'. = PSA
GO TC 219,
205 IF(X-TItI.El(tL)*GTe@08) GC TO 210
IF(AeS(STORE'.).GT*.32) GC TO 210
C-0 0~ 200
210 LL =LL 41I
PSACCCLL) =STORE'.
TIVEI(LL)=X - O'OX
ZF(TIHEI(LL).LE*0.) TIMEI(LL =.001
STORE3 =STORE'.
STORE'. = PSA
US5 IF(ASS(TU.0)-RNO.LT.5.C) GC TO 22Z
GO TO 225
220 1 II * I
RMARK(II) = X
R
RN RM 4 1000o
ITT Il
225 IF(ABS(X-PP) *GT. 00~5) GO TO 236
SSPLOTULUL = T0(10)
STXIME(LL) = X
COPLOTULL) = TUGO)
LU.. LLL +41
PP PP 4 boc
230 IFC(iOR*LE9O0o) GO TO 235
140R=.
%RITE (6,155)
235 i-OR =HOF + 1.
24C X = X+ Cx
CALL TAYLOR(ToTOTOO)
IFCTCIOIGE*ENDRUN) GO TC 260
IFCX.GE93ZG*) GO TO 263
TIPEX=TltEX+CX
QOOCG~oo
0ODpS=3.
COOTAL=O.
00 241 1XiNFH
QOOTAL=GOOTALQOOO(I)SITAIL(I)
0IPOCG=OOCCG,00OD(I)*SICG(I)J
241 QOOPSzOEOPS*QDDtI)*SIPS(l)
TAILAC=(TOO(2).TAILRP*TOO(dl))3866 *OOOTALI3866
PSAC(TOO(2)-PSARPPTOO(8) )/386. *QDOPS/386*
CGOUT=TOC(Z) /386. *QDDCG/3866
IF(TO(10).GE.TAKOFF) GO TO 250
IF(Z*LTo4.) GO TO 245
CZ=Z-4o
IVAL=IVAL,2
GO TC 16C
245 IFITIMEX*LT*IYPRUN) GO TO 246

53
 GO TO 165
250 %RITE(6,255)
255 FORtIAT(5X,' THE VEtiICLE I-AS TAKEN OFF*)
260 ~IRITE(69262) ENDRUNtICIO)
262 FORMAT(W, END OF RUNWAY~t2Fl0.3)

TOTAL =X/TYPRUN
URITE(e,3C0) TOTAL
300 FORMAT( 4 TOTAL NUPSER OF POINTS ON TAPE IS* F12*0)
263 P'GH z
IF(IFPLO79E~O.1 GO TO 285
XLONG =FLOAT(N614)
%P:TE(692f-5) NNLL
265 FORMAT(2120)
IFCNN.LE.IOOC.OR*LLeLE.1800) GO TO 266
%RITE (6,9 26?)
267 FORt1AT(3X,*TI4E AFRAYS CGACC OR PSACC OR PROF HAVE EXCEEOEO
1 THEIR DIIIENSIONEO sIZE*)
266 CONTINLE
C266 CALL PLOTS(OATA,438)
C CALL FACTOR (2.0)
C CALL PLOTeCt.-1isV,-3)
C CALL PLOT(3.,.7,-3)
TI)4E(NN~l) = 0.0
TIME(NN+21 = 1.0

TIMHi(LL*2) = 1.0
CGACC(NN*1) = -1.0
CGACC(NN.Z) = 1eo
PSACC(LL41)= -1.0
PSACC(LL+2) = 1.0
CALL SCALEAPFOF,10*tNN,1)
PROFIG z PROF(NN.2) 410o
IF(Pfi0Fl0oGTo10o5) GO TO 270
PRCF(NN+2) a 6.0
IF(NPTSS.GEelO00) GO TO 270
CO 269 I:1,NIh
269 PROF(I)=PROF(I)+36o
270 CALL AXIS(0*,G.,LIHTINE (SEC.),-1iXLONG,0.0,TIHE(NN41),

lXLONG z XLONG
CALL PLOT (XLONG,1.1,3)
CALL PLOT (.,*1.1,2)
CALL SYIGOL (.1, .4,.10598NOISTANCE9,96,)
CALL SYheOL (.1,.Z,.105,5HSPEEO,~e,5)
00 275 I=1,ZXLONG
CALL NUNEER(STU9E(I),.2,.105,SSPLOTII),0.0,4HF4.0)
275 CALL NUtMEER(STII'EII),.49.105,OOPLOT(1) ,0.0,4HFS*t)
CALL PLOT (XLONG,1*5,3)
CALL PLOT (0.,1*5,2)
00 280 Ial,ITT
280 CALL SYHIOL(RNARK(1),-.1,.245,?0,0O,*1)l
CALL PLOT (XLON6,1.9,3)
CALL PLOT (0.,1.992)
CALL SYK8eOLtd..,p~9o.4,PLANE,0 4 940)
CALL SYMEOL(4..,8ot.1'.SITEtO.,4G1
XLONG2z XLONG/29
C CALL SYN6OL(XL0NG2ts9.,.4.,1HAFFOL -FYS-90*,11)

54
 c CALL SYMeoLfXLOhG2i6,psi4q,1oHWPAFe OHiIOO.,10)
CALL PLOT(O.,1.5,-3' 2
CALL AXISCO. ,.l.o, 3HCGA93q2.O,90oCGACC(NN+11,CGACC(NNI )9I)
CALL NUMi9ER(O.4,.*4,iju5,.*4,OO.C,4HF~i)
4 4
CALL NUNEER(G.5,e4,s105,~o4,GJo0, HF l1)
CALL PLOT(Cot-1.O,-3)
CALL LINE(Ttg'ECGACCNN,1,OC)
CALL PLOT M~ONG,3.193)
CALL PLOT CO.,3.i,2)
CALL PLOT(0.,3*59-3) 2
CALL AXIS(Col-.09.3HPSA,3,2.O,99O.PSACC(LL+I),PSACC(LL+ )I1)
CALL PL07(0*,C~v3)
CALL PLO1'(XLCNG9O.,2)
CALL PLOT (XLONG9*493)
CALL PLOT (-91,.'.,2) 4
CALL NUMER(Go5,.4,.ol5,~4e4OOSC, HF4*l)
CALL NUt4EcR(8.I.,.5,.iQ5,.*4,OU.U,4HF~ol)
3
CALL PLO1(0*9,i.09 )
CALL LINE(TIVEIvPSACCLLviq90O)
3
)CALL PLOT(O.,-3*0, )
CALL AXIS(-1*50o.,i5t4ELF.VATION (IN1 4 .,5,IO.9099G9,PROF(NNH1J9
t
IPROF (NN+2) ,-1) 3
CALL PLOT(0*.,O., )
XPIROF.25.A6S(PROF (NN+I) )/PROF (Nh4+2)
CALL SYMEOL (2*vXPROF9914,I5HNOSE GEAR TRACKO.,15)
CALL LINE(TIPEPROFNN,1,OO)
)ISTOP2XLCNGI'59
CALL PLOT (XSTOP90O.,3)
NRITE (6,290)
CALL PLO1(0*9O.,4O)
C CALL PLOTE
26S STOP
295 FORIIAT(S*)
ENO

55
 SUBROUTINE TAYLOR(TtTOTCO0
CCPMiCN/FLSX1/SIMAIN(15) ,SINOSE(15) ,ZLCG(15) ,SITAIL(15) ,SIPSU15)
COPH0N/FLEX2/NFHGM(15) ,CMEGA(L5)
COMMONiFLEX3IQ(15) ,OO(15) ,0O0(15)
COMMON/X1/WNMWNMCGMMtilNA, 6tl~tI
COt*ION/X2/PACM, VOMAAMiANI,*OAM
COI'MCN/X3/PACNVONAAN, AlNvOAN
COMtiaN/X4/SX~tsxNtSLHtSLNtrSM ,TSN
COMON/XS/CL ,CO, AREA ,THRIJST
COMMON/X6/ZREACTMREACT~iOXNTRUNSPEEO
COMMON/X7/AMtBtCMOt'iAN,8NCNON
CUMOX/TO(0vIC(0,TON2)PNN2)MCtoSt
CCMWONIX~lFSpFSbFyIFTbXt4AINXNOSEVELfl#yELh
COMMON4'Xl0/ZFMtZPN
REAL I4CG9tlMPNOV4I
I Z=Z+7O(10)*0X4TOOC1G)*DX**2/2*
ZPN=AN+Bh*ZCN*Z*42,ON*Z**3
QTN=o.
QTON=De
QTOH=Oo
00 130 I=1,NFM
OTNmQTN+Q(I )'SINoSE(I)
OTt=QTH4C(I) *SIMAIh(I)
QTOM:QTCti+0C(I) *SIMAIN( 1)
~C QT-n.,-0TN.Q0CI)*SINOSE(Il
)tNOSE a(T(2) - 8 * TO6) - T(61) 4QT#4
XhAIN =(T(2) + A 4 T(8) - T(4)) *QTM
VELM 2 TC(2) + A * TOMS - TO(M *QTOM
VELH = TC(2) - 8 4 TO(S - TO(W *QTON
IF(kI4AIN*GE.13.) XMAIN=-*1
IF(XNOSE*GE*C.) XNOSE=-.1
IF(VELMoEQo0o) VELM=-.1
IFIVELN*EQ*C.) VELN-.i
)XMLI~sABS(XI4A IN)
XNLK=ABS(XNOSE)
C NOSE ANC MAIN DAMPING COEFF
CALL TLOCK(XPLKoSLOPEMYCEPMtsTROKMpiNr,,NSCN)
CALL TLOCK(XNLKSLOPENYCEFPNSTRCKNPIN .4 'SCN)
AOM = CAVP -((SLOFEV*XMLKYCEPM)*4 2)*.?I, j9
AON = OAh -((SLCPEN*XNLK* YCEPN)'*2)**?8539
CON=(.00008 (Ai4N**3.))/(2. 4 (.3'AON)*#2)
COM=(.OOOC8 (AHM103.))/(2.*(.9ACs)'42?
C NOSE AND MAIN SIRUT PNEUMATIC FORCES
SSMz(PAOP*VOPI'/( t(VOH/AAtI)-XMLK))
SSW=(VAO*VO)/( ((VON/AAh)-XNLK))#
FTM a SXH 4 TSM * (T(41 - V20M
FTN =SXN* TSW 4 (T(6) - ZPN)
IV (FTM9GI.O. FTM&0n
IF(FTWoGT*U.)FTN=0*
FSN:xSXN' (-SSN.+CON'VELttAES(VELN)
FSM=SX144(-SSP *COM*VEt.M*A8S(VELH)
VLIFT z*g3I1894CL9ARtAe(1O(10)UTC(1O))
ORAGA=VL IFT*CO/C L
CRAGT =AeSt*E25*FTH,.GZ5*FTN)
IF(NTRUN*EQsl) GO TO 125
 IFCTO(10) eLI. SPEED) GO TO 125
TIIRIST=ORAGA .ORAGT
125 700(2) = (-FSN-FSM-MCG*3e6oVLIFT)/MCG

TDO(6) =(FSN-FTN..MN*386&."XN)/ (eN*SXN)

T00(8) =-(FSP*A -FSN*B -6RAGT *(SLI4+XNDIN))/MMI
700(10) =(Tt-RUST-ORAGA-CRAGT)/ I UCG*12.))
00 200 t~lqNFM
210C QDO(I)=-(SIItAIN(I)4(FS-REAGTN)*SINOSIECI)*(FSN-REACTN)

CO 1001 I1 291092
TW T(I) * TO(I)*OX + TOr~0")2
1001 TOMI 70(l) 4 TOD(I)0OX
IJO 1002 I=1,Fm
0
1002 CO(I)I-QO(Ib+QOO(I)4 X
RETURN
END

57
 SUBROUTI~i IC( ZCGIZMIZNITMETAI)
COMtION/FLEXiISItIAItI(15) SINtOSEC2.5) ,SICG(i5) ,SITAIL(15) ,SIPS(15)
CCtMSt4/FLEX2/NFtoG41G~5) ,CMGA(I5)
COMMtON/FLEX3/Q(15) ,QO(J5)wOOO(15)
COMMCN/XI,'W, h~NNNMCGMHMNA,5PS1MI
COMMON# X2/PAOPNVONAAMAH~gOAM
COMMON/X3/PA CM VON ,AAN A HN, CAN
COtiICN/X'./SXI.9SXN9SLtlSLN9TShi *TSN
COMMCN/XV/FSPVSNFTPFTIIXtAIN, INOSE, VEIN, VELN

C THIS PROGRAMI WILL FIND THE INITIAL CCNDITIONS FOR TAXI

C rOR 4XI MAIV AMC SXN NOSE GEAR
C ZMI= MAINI GEAR T1RE DEFLECTION 35 PERCENT
C ZNI= NOSE GEAR TIRE DEFLECT ION 35 PERCENT DEFLECTION
C ZCGI1 CG DEFLECTION
C TiIETAI= PITCH ANGLE
C XMAIN= MAIN LANOING GEAR STAlIC STR0KE
C XNOSE= NOSE GEAR STATIC STROKE

2
RM=W/ (1. A/8)
RiN: -RN
RM=Rt/SX"
Rh=RN/Sxh
ZtrI=-RM/YSM
ZNI=-RN/ISN
RS"=QN-wp
FSN=RN-W N
X(NOSE=+PAON# VON/RSN-VON/ AAN
XMAIN=,PA0M*VOM/RSH-VOM/AAI!
THETAI=- (XNO6E*ZNI-CXNAINsZt1I) )/ (8A)
ZCGfzXMAIN-bA*THETI t-ZmI
OC 10 1=IiNF"

RETURN
ENO
SUBROUTINE CCEFF (Y9 AtEtC#O)
DIMENSION Y(4)
AzY(2)
E=Y(i)

R~E TURN
END

59
 SUEROUTIINE TL1OOK (XSLOPEYCEPTS*PiN)
CItMENSIOI S(30)tP(33)

C THIS IS A 2 DIMENSIONAL TABLE LOCK UP ROUJTINE

C WITH LINEAR INTERPCLATION
C
C X IS THE CURRENT VALUE OF STROKE
C SLCPE AND VCEPT ARE CALCULATED AND RETURNED
C S AttO P MAKE VP THE TABLE
C N JS THE NLMBER CF VALUES IN THE TAKLE
CO i.1219N
IF (XeGEoS(I)*ANO.t.LT*S(1,1))GO 7O 2
1 CONTINUE
2 SLOPE=(P(I+l)-P(I))/(S(1*1)-S(I)*.OlJ
YCEPT=P( 1)-SLOPE*S(Il)
RETURN
END

60
 FROGRAFI TAXI f!UPUT,0'OPUTTAPE5INPUTTAPc6zOUTPUiT,7APE34TAPE2,
I TAPE?)

C TH4IS IS THE f4XI HiAIN ROU1~iiE FOR A C-50 AIRCRAFT SKIMULATIO#,

C **4"THIS OEfK IS Ff9 tHE C-'-A AZAC.RAFT O1K.Y**c:#

C THiIS PROGRAIt WItf. PERFORM A SYMMETRIC
C DYNAMIC TAXI ANA.YSIS ON A FLEXiISLE
C VE1HICLE TRAVERSING A GIVEN RIGID R014AY
C PROFILE*

CO94NON/FLEX*/SIH4AIti4(I15)SINAIN2(151 ,SINOSE(15) ,iCG(IS)

19SITAIL(lr.?9IPS(15)
CO#PNON/FLEX2Z/hFM.GN(15) ,CMEGA(I5)
COhIICN/FLEX3/O(15),OG(151 ,800(15)
COPINON/Xl/WtgsNdiNCGNNNiN.A,6,CMI*
COMI'IONIX2/PA CMVON ,AANAt'N, DAN
COMNION/X3/PACtiVON ,AANAI4NOAt4
CONNCN/X4/SXPSXNSLPSLITSMTSh
CONhlON/XS/CL ,COAREA9THRLST
COMqHONWX6#ZNEACTNI ,REACTNtREA-%'TP2,DANTRUNSPEEO
CC"MHN(E?/AN ,8HC",OI'!ANBWCN, D ,ANA. 8NACh1AWi
CONMON/X8/STROKI(2C),PINCM(20),STROKN(2O),PINDt4(2O) NSCNNSC%
COPMON/XS,1SP1,FSM2,FSNFTMIft"2.FTN,)HAXNlXHAIN2,XNOSE,
IVEL"I#VELM'2, VELN
CCPIQN~/XiO/ZPNZPNA, ZPtE
CIP~bSXO1 PLANE (S) 9SITE(8l
CIFEIISIOlt T(16)9 TD(18), T00(18)
CX"N~tSIOto YPiso) ,PN('.) 0ATA(438) ,YPA(4)
GIPENSIO16 ELEV(7500)
CI#'ENSIO0 CGACC(180019 TINE(180019 PSACC(1$600), TIPE1(1500)
CIPEKSIOI, PRCV(1eOO) ,P.NArK(ZO)
CIPENSIOR SSFLOT(30319 STIPE(3U00R.DPLOT(306)
REAL N9CG9M,HN9PNPI
CALL PLOTS(IGO.,OW1,3)
PSA=O0i)
CGOUTzO.C

LLL =
LL =0
STOREI = 3s
STORE2z G.
STORE3 = 3
STCRE4 r0

PI zz

ITT G

C READ AND PRINT INPUT CATA

61
C WsVEHICLE IEIGHT AT CG (POLNOS)
C A=CISTANCE MAIN GEAR TO CG (INChES)
C R=CISTANCE NOSE GEAR IC CG (INCGES)
C C = DISTANCE FRCH FRONT MAIN GEAR TO CG
C 1 CORESPONOS TO REAR PAIN GEAR
C 2 CORESPONOS TO FRONT MAIN GEAR
C PVIxPASS MOMENT CF INERTIA (LB IN SEC SO)
C PLANE= AIRPLANE BEING SIMULATED AND GROSS WEIGHT
C PSARM s DISTANCE OF PILCT STATION TO CG
C TAILRM = DISIAIICE CF TAIL STATIOI TO CG
C TAKCFF= TAKE-OFF SPEED (FEET/SEC)
C SP.C nINITIAL VEL OF AIRFLANE
C THURST= IOTAL AIRPLANE THRUST
C CL=LIFT COEFF.
C AREAzWING AREA
C CO=CRAG COEFF.
C MhNbEIGHY OF PAIN GEAR (EACH)
C WN=%EIGHT OF NOSE GEAR
C SkMz NUPBER OF tAIN GEAR STRUTS
C SXN= NUMBER OF NOSE GEAR S'RUTS
C AHN HYDRAULIC PISTON AREA NOSE SQ INCHES
C AAN PNEUMATIC PISTON AREA NOSE SQ INCHES
C AiM HYDRAULIC PISTON AREA MAIN SQ INCHES
C AAM PNEUMATIC PISTON AREA HAIN SQ INCHES
C PAON NOSE STRUT PRELCAE PRESSURE PSI
C PAOM MAIN STRUT PRELOAC FRESSURE PSI
C VON NOSE STRUT INITIAL VOLUME CU. IN.
C VON MAIN S;PUT INITIAL VOLUME CU. IN.
C CAN ORIFACE AREA PAIN
C CAN ORIFACE AREA NOSE
C SLM=MAIN GEAR STRUT LENGTH UNLOADED INCHES
C CISTANCE FROP CL OF AXLE TO CG LINE
C SLN=KOSE GEAR STRUt LENGTH UNLOAQED INCHES
C CISTANCE FROP CL OF AXLE TC CG LINE
C TS" PAIN TIRE SPRING CONSTANT PER STRUT
C TSN NOSE !IRE SPRING CONSTANT PER STRUT
C OX=TIPE STEF SIZE
C REAO PETERING PIN OESCRIPTICN STARTING AT ZERO STRCKE
C NSCN=E OF METERING PIN CHANGES NOSE GEAR
C NSI;P= CF METERING PIN CHANGES MAIN GEAR
C NFM z WUMBEF OF FLEXIBLE MOCES
C SIXkkk(tI = MODE SHAPE GEFLECTION (NCN DIM.)
C GM(I) = GENERALIZEC MASS (PGUNDS-SEC SO/IN)
C OMEGA (I) a MODAL FRECUENCIES (RAO/SEC)
READ (5,1) PLANE
1 FORhAT(8A10)
REAO(5*5) N, At 99 Ct MHI
5 FORMAT(4FIOeltF12.C)*
READ(510 PSARMTALLRM
10 FORNAT(ZF1C.2)
REAO(sots) SPEEOTHRLSTIAKOFF
15 FORIAT(3F10.3)
READ(5,20) CLAREACD
20 FORPATI3FIO.4,)
REAOtS*25.) wPvWNtSXMtSXN
25 FORMAT(.FIO.2)
REAO(S,30) ANNoAANANMAAM
30 FORIAT(4FIO.S)

62
 READC53o3) PACNPAOIIVON9VON90AtlOAI
35 FORP'ATC6F1O.5)
REAO(5,'.0) SLN,SLN
4.0 FORIAT(2F10*31
REAO(5945) fSH vTSN
4.5 FORMAT(ZFL0.l)
READ (5,50I)I
REAO(5,5 1)IFPLOT
50 FORMAT(FIO.3)
READ(5*51) NSCN
51 FORI4AMCS)
F:AO(S,5') (STROKN(I)9PINON(Ih9IzlNSCh)
52 FORMATi(2(FLG.3))
READ (S5,5) NSCH

REAO(5951) NPN

53 FORIIAT(6F13.31
giAD(5954) (CN(IhvONEGA(I),I=1,NFP)
54 FCRIAT (F15*2*FLO.e3)

PN:Nh/36E.
PCG=N/386*
TYPRUN a.01
STRUN= I
IF(SPEEO oGT. 5.) 5695?
56 TYPRUN e=

5? bRITE(6,55)

bRITE (6,EC
60 FORMAT(46X.4etH^****4**..##..9#*4 INPUT CATA ###6#e#*#
bRXTE(btE1)
61 FORMAT(///X9,4iH~*444444 GENERAL AIRCRAFT DATA 044440**)
bRIT--(btE2)PLANE
62 FGRIIAT(I/ilX,8A1'J)
%RITE(6,E5) k*,WNWNA,8,C,1fl
65 F06NAT (I//,5X,'h=4,F1O.1 ,5X,#MH=,FIo.2,SX,4Wh2 ,F10.,5X,

NRITE (6,66) SXHSXh9SLN, SLhPSARPTAILRM

66 FORnIAT(U95XteSXe~z#,Fd.1,5X,'SXN=*,F9,1, 5K,'SLflzF9.1,5x,

biRITE(697i) AANANI~qP' ONVCMqOAh,TSM

?D FORMqAT(// ,5X,9AA,=*Fb.Z,5X,#AHN=,F8.26X,#PAON=4,F9.2,4X,
1#V0NzgF8.2,1X,#0AN:'!,V8.2,5X,OTSM **,FlG.Z)
kRITEC6974) AANvA4N9FAONVONtQAN9TSN
?4 FORMAT(//,5X,#AANzO,Fd.2,5X,4AHNW:,FS.2,6X,#PAON=zFS.2,4X,
1*VON=*,Fe.2,5X,*OAN=',F8.2,5X,6 TSN =*,F18.Z)
bRITE(6,?5) CLCOAREAPSIFEEDTNRLST9TAKOFF
75 FORHAT(/,,5X,9CL=' ,F9.3,,k*CDZ#,pF9.36k,#AREA3',FO.2,5.X,
1#SPEED:#,F?.1S.X,*THRUST:*,F?.*, 3X,*TAKOFFz*,F10 .2)
W.RITE469 6) (STROK%( I),PINON(I) ,-1,NSCN)
76 FORMAT(//93X94STROKE. NOSE PIN CIA"ETER *//92(3XtFl%"o3))
%RITE(6,7?1 (STROK~l(IbPINCN(I),l11,NSCM)
77 FORMATW9I3X96STROKE MAI," PIN CIANETER *//v2(3XvFiO.3))
$RITE MR e a
6C FORMAThI191,x'ODE SIPS SINOSE SICG, SIPAINI SIMAIN2

63
 ISITAIL (hIEGA GEN. M1ASS*)
CO 85 I1=1NFH

C ZtMI =IhITIAL tiAIIN GEAR POSITION INCHES

bRITE(6,'95)
95 FOQMtAT(/l,*46Xq40H**4 '*##* INTIAL CONDITIONS 444" ")
C Zt4I =IN4ITIAL NOSE GEAR POSITION INCHES
C ZCGI=IIITIAL C*G. POSITICN IKC9PES
C THETAIwINITIAL PITCH ANGLE DEGREES
C THE ABOVE PARAPETERS ARE CALCULATED IN SUBROUTINE IC

bARITE(6915)ZHIlZH12,ZNITHETA1,ZCGI
105 FORMAT(/,5X,#ZNli1,F7.3,5X,*ZNI2=#F?.3,6XvZNI=2,F?.3,7X,
I4*THEIAI=#,F7.3,6X,'ZCGI# ,tFIO.3)
REACTN=(ZNI*TSN ,.SXN
FEACTNI = (ZPI'*TSI1 SSXNI'2o
REACTN2= (ZMI24TSH *SXP/Z*
hRITE(69106)X)IIAINLtlXHA!N2,XNOSEREACTI1,REACHZREACTN
146 FORMAT(/5.Xt#XMAI?1s*,F?.2,3X,#XHAINZ=#,F?.2,4X,*XNOSES,*F?,2,5X,
1'REACTH1=*,F10.Ot2X,.REACTH2=',p1~o.Q2X,'REACTNZ',F10.0)

C READ RUNhAY PROFILE DATA (ELEV)

C SITE= RU',4AY P60FILE ANP DIRECTION
C NPTSS=E OF RUNWAY ELF ATIJN DATA POINTS
bRITE (6,111)
121 FORMAT ('1')
CO 112 I=1,50
112 ELEV(I)xC*0
REAOCZ,1) SITE
REAO(2*1161 NPTSS
NPTSS=NPISS.53

LOSSI
11? LSDO LO + 9

118 FOR"tATC1CF?.3)
bNgOLD
IF(LSO*Gt.NPTSS) GO TO 120
L D=L 0.1
60 TO III
12C ELEVI=ELEV(51)
co 125 I=519%10
125 ELEV(I) = ELEV(I)-ELEV1
CALL RETLRNS(2)
CISTAN=0.
LSO=LSO-S%0
SLP= (LSD-50) '02
SLP=ELEV (LSO)/SLP
DO 126 I=51, AID
ELEY (I)SELEY (I)-SLP0OISTAN
126 DISTANxDISTAPK#2*
IV#Lx(AE)/2u..
VALA a (D4C)124*
IVALAaVALA
bRITE (6,1303
136 FORNAT(019SX94 RUNWAY PRCFILE EATA NORMALIZED (SLOPE REMOVED)

64
 150X,*FEEI DOWN THE RUNWAY*)
),RITE(Sipt) SITE
L01=1
135 LSOI LOI + 9
LPRIt4 LSOi * 2
%RITE(6,1'O) (ELEV(rl*IxLO1,LSO1),PLPRTN
140 FORt4*T(391.0FI~e5,13X9,I)
LOI=LG1410
IF(L01.GEoNl0) GO TO 145
GO 10 135
145 IORITE(69150) LDI.
ENO RUtNWAY DATA ' ~ LOIS,5)
ISC FORflATf42H##4*#4*
%ALTE(Y, 1 SIT!E
ENORUN =NPTSS*20 0
t'R%=(ENOFUI4-1Q ./tq00
z((at(ENCRUNt4I0O)-FLOAT(MrctiOO))/2d)+1100s
ENDRUN=ENORUK-909
T(2) ZZCGI

1(4) =ZPIl

TOM6 = 0.

TOM = C.

T(10) a Ce
TOC 10)=SPEED
M1() a Z1412
T0(12) =z
T(141= T0(14) zTOO(14) 0*
T(16)= 10(16) =100(161 D.c
7(18)= TC(16) =T00(18) 2090

)4RITE16, 155) FSN

X14AINI XkOSE FSHI
155 FGRMqAT(141dt'xt, CGACC PSA TI"
I TAILAC SPEEO 01ST.

ZFM20.
ZP'4s0.
ZOOT=0.
ZNDOTazfl
ZP14A =41'
ZADOTO0.
01=1
160 rp(l) a ZOOT
YP(2)zELEV(J)

YP (4)ZELEVCJ*Z)
VPN(l)xZbOOT
YPh(2J=ELEV(IVAL)
YPft(3)*ELEV( IVAL*1)
VPh(4) zELEVCIVAL.Z)
VPA(1)xZAOOI
IPA(2) s LLEV(IVALA)
YPAM3 = ELEV(ZVALA*1J
YPA(41 ELEV(IVALA*2)
Z=OZ
CALL COEFF (VPWANs9WCN ON)

65
 CALL COEFF (VPAHBHCMCHC
CALL COEFF(YPA, *AM.8MAtCIIA90HA)

ZN00O=BN
ZAOOTzBPA
IFCHoGTo1) Gr, 24

165 WRITE(fiv1?O) XHAIN1,KNCSEFSHIFSNTAILACTO(1O),T(10),

ICGOUT ,PSAx
%RUTtZ1,MC) TAILACCGOUTPSA
900 FORMAT~i~kF10.3)
T111EX ,.*
170 (LRHAT(3(7,,3XF1C.3J,2(3XF10.0),5(3XFl0.3)i,2XV6.Z)

IFIIFPLOT*EQ1I) GO TO 230
IF(ABS(CGOUT ).LE.ABS(STORE2) .ANC.A8S(STORE2) .GE.A6S(STOREI))
IGO TO 16C
175 STOREI = STORE2
STORE2 z CGOLT
GO TO 196
180 IF(X-TIHE(NN)*GT**C$) GO TO 185
IF(ASS(STORE2)*GT**30000) GO TO 185
GO TO 175
185 NN4 = NN 4 1
CGACC(NN) = STQRE2
PROFtNN) = ZPN
TIME(NN) = - 10. * O
IF'(TIMEINN).,LT90.) TIIIE(14N) = 01
STOREL STORE2
STORE2 1 CGOtUT
190 IF(ASS(PSA.*LE.AES(STOREE4.ANO.AeS(STORE'.).GE.AOS(STORE3))
160 TO '4c.
200 STORf- STORE'.
STOF4 PSA
GO TO 213.
205 IF(X-TIPEI(LL)*GT**08) GO TO 210
IF(A8S(STORE'.)*GT*.32) 6O TO 210
GO TO 200
210 LL aLL # 1
PSACC(LL) = STORE'.
TIPEI(LL)=X - IU'OX
IFCTIHE1(LL)oLE.O.) TIMEIILL 9001
STORE3 = STORE'.
STORE4 = PSA
215 IF(A8S(T(10)-RM).LTo5.0) GC TO 223
GO TO 225
22C 11 a11 41
RIARX(II) = X
RH aRM 4 1000.
ITT II
225 IFCASS(k-PP)oGT%*.00)G0 TO 230
SSPLCY(LLL) z TO(10)
STIHEM..LL) =
COPLOTIILLL' T(10)
LLL aLLL * 1
pp PP * 1.0

230 IF(HOR.LE*60.b GO TO 235

L 66
 WRITE(6, 155)
235 I-OR = hOF 4 I*
240 A'z' 4 C3'
CALL TAYLORITTOtTOD)
IF(T(10).GE.EN9RUN) GO TC 260
IF(XGE*3;.09) GO TO 263
TIOE3'.T11EX*OX
QOOCG=C
COOPS~oo
COOTAL=O.
00 24.1 Izl*NFH
QOTAL=GCjTA;.+.400( ISITAIL CI
COOCG=QOCCG4000( I)*SICG( Il'
241 QOOPS=QEOPS4000(I)'SIPS Cl)
TAILAC:(TOD(2),TAILRP#*TOC(8))/38E. 4000TAL/386.e
PSA=CT0D(2)-PSARP4T0018) )/38b. *OOOPS/So6.
CGOUTxTOC(2)/386# *QOOCG/3866
IF(TO(i0)eGEeTAKOFF) GO TO 250
IF(ZoLT*.1.. GO TO 245
CZ=Z-4*
J=J42
IVAL=IVAL42
IVALA z IVALA +' 2
GO TO 160
245 IF(TINEX*LTeIYPRUN) GO TC 240
GO TO 165
250 URITE(69255)
255 FORNATC53',' THE VEHICLE #-AS TAKEN OFF*)
260 !NRITE(b9262) ENDRUH,T(10)
262 FORMATC33', ENO OF RUNWAV*,2F~o.3)

TOTAL =X/e01
kRITE(693GO) TOTAL
300 FORMAT(* TOTAL NUMBER OF PUINTS CN TAPE IS*F12901
263 PGN a X
IF(IFPLOToEG.1) GO TO 285
XLCNG = FLOAT(MG")
hRITE(6,2b5) NNLL
265 FORMAT(2120)
IF(hh*LE.18fi.9OR&LLoLE*180QJ GO 10 266
%RITE(6, 26?)
26? FORMAT(33',TI.E ARRAYS CGACC OR PSACC OR PROF HAVE EXCEEDED
I THEIR O1NENSIONEO SIZE#)
266 CONTINUE
0266 CALL PLOTS(OATA9436)
C, CALL FACTIR (2.01
C CALL PLOT(0.09-11oC,-3)
C CALL PLOTf3o,.?,-3l
IIPE(NN*1) 0.0
TII'ECNih*) 190
TIME1(LL*1) =0.0
TIPEI(LL*Z) 1.0
CGACC(NN*1) -loO
CGACCCNN*2) a 1*0
PSACC(LL*11) -1.0
PSACC(LL*2) 2a
CALL SCAL~tPfiOF 10.,NNo1)

67

L
 PROF10 PROF(NN42) *10.
IF(PROFlC.GT*10*5) GO TO 270
PROF(NN+2) = 6.0
IF(t4PTSS.GEoi000) GO TO 270
00 269 l:1,Ntk
269 PROF(I):PROF(I),36o
270 CALL AXIS(G.,0.,1IHTIME (SEC.),-11,XLONG,0.0,TIPIE(I4N4.),
ITIPECNN*2) .2)
IXLONG =XLONG
CALL PLCT (XLONG91*1 '
CALL PLOT (Cet,19i2)
rALL SYMBOL (.1,.49*105,ONOISTANCE,0..8)
CALL SfllEOL t.1,.2v.105,5HSPEEO*C.,5)
CO 275 I=I,1XLONG
CALL NUMlEZR(STKNE(I),.29,.5,SSPLOT(I),0.0,'dIF4.G)
27S CALL NUMBER(STIME(I),.4,.105,OOPLOT(1),0.0,4HF5.s9)
CALL PLOT (XLONGi*5931
CALL PLOT (C.,1.592)
CO 280 Iz,ITT
286 CALL SYMEOL(RNARK(I),-.1,.245,709,0O-1)
CALL PLOT (XLONG,2.9,3)
CALL PLOT (09,1*9,21
CALL SYtIE0L(4*99*t.149PLANE9D.,4C)
CALL SY~eOL(4*9,e.,.s'.Sl7E,0*s40)
XLONG2=XLONG/2o
CALL PLOT(Oot.5,-3)
CALL AXIS(0.,-1.,3giCGA,3,2.0,90.,CGACC(NN,1),CGACC(Nt4,2b,-i)
CALL NUN6ER(0.4,-.4,.105,-.4,0C0,04HF4.1)
CALL NUt96ER(0.5,+.4,.105+*.4,00.0,94HF4.1)
CALL PLOT(O.,-1.0,-3)
CALL LINEcTIIqECGACCNN,1,09741
CALL PLOT (XLONG93.193)
CALL PLOT (0*,3*192)
CALL PLOT(0**J*5t-3)
CALL AXIS(0.,-1.,3t4PSA,-3,2.0,99O.PSACC(LL4I),PSACC(LL.2),-1)
CALL PLOT(9*94*,3)
CALL PL07(XLCNG90*92)
CALL PLOT XLONG994,3)
CALL PLOT (-*J,.4.,21
CALL NUH9ER(0.5,.a.,.i05**.4,0.0,04HF4..1)
CALL WUII8ER(0.4,-.5,.U45,-.4,00.0,4t4F4.i
CALL PLOT(0.,-1*O,-3)
CALL LINE(TIPE19PSACCtLL91909 0)
CALL PL07(0&9-3*0,-3)
CALL AXIS(-Lo5,0*q15I4ELEVATION (IN*)915v1G*0,9Q*QvPROF~htN4Lb
IPROF(NN+2)9-1)
CALL PLOI(O.,0.9-31
XPROF2r3.25ABS (PROF (Nt41) )/PROF(Nh42)
CALL SYMBOL (2.,XPROF,.14vlSHNOSE GEAR TRACK90*,151
CALL LINE(TflqEPROFHNN9,09 0)
XSTOPxXLCNG.5.
CALL PLOT (XSTOP90*,-3)
irtITE(692930)
CALL PLOT(0*90*94.G)
C CALL PLOTE
285 STOP
290 FORMAT(ft-4)
ENO

68
 SUOROUTI~t~ TAYLOR(TTOvTOO)
COKHCN/FLEX1ISII4AIN1(15) ,SIMAIN2(2.5)i,SINOSE(15),SICG(iS)
1 ,SITAIL(15), SIPS(15)
COtIMCN/FLEX2/NFW,9GM(15) ,QNEGA(15)
COMMON/FLEX3/Q(15) ,OO(15) ,00(15)
CONIION/Xl/WthNWNNCGNM~tMNA,8,C,1411
COMMON/X2/PACNVOM*AA11,AI*1,AM
COMMON/X)3/PACNqVON9AAN9AIkN,OAN
COMMtON/XE/Z, REACTNI ,REACTNREACTP2,DXNTRUNSPEEC
COMMION/X5/CL ,COAREATHRLST
CCtMtON/X4./SXP,SXN,SLt',SLN,TSHTSh
CCMM14N/X7/AM ,8N.CN OMAN ,8h,CN, OI,9AIIA, 8ACPt'OtIA
CjioMOti/XE/ST9OKP(2C) ,PINDtI(20) ,STROKII(20),PINON(20) ,NSC~tINSCN
COI'H0N/XS/FSP~iFSH2,FSNFTI41,FTH2,FTNXMAINIXI'AIN2,XNOSE,
IVELMI,VELMZ, YELN
COIQICN/Xl1 /ZFN, ZPMA, ZPN

REAL MCG9MNPN,1!NI

C THIS T14E TAYLOR SUOROUTINE FOR A C-SA AIRCRAFT SIPIJLATION

1 Z=ZTB(IC)*D4TDO(13)*OX**2/2*
ZPN=AN+8h.ZCN Z*4240N*Z* 4 3
ZP11zAM+,8P*Z+CH*Z**2+O*DI'Z*3
ZPPIA=AI'A*8PA*Z .CMA#Z#424MA#Z##3
0TN=09
QTm1. .00
C712=0*0
CTON=O.
CTOH1:I30*
CTOM2=~0.0
00 10 I1,1NFN
OTN=QTN40(I )*SINOSE(I)
CTpql= OTPI *O(I)*SINAINi(l)
CTM2= OTI2 *G(I)*S1IMAINZ (I)
010112 Q01011 + 00(l)# SIPAINI(l)
CTCM2= 010112 + 80(I)* SIPAIN2(I)
1.0 QTONxQTCN*QC(I)*SINOSE(I)
XNCSE =(T(12 - 8 * T(6) - T(6)) *QTN
/ XMAIN1= IT(Z) + A*T(6)-Tf4)) + QTM1
X11AINZ= (T(2) -C#T($)-T(12)) .01112
YELIN TC421 e
B TO(S) - TO(6) +QTON
WELK TO(2)* A*T0(&)-7O(4) *QTOIII
ViL112 T'3(2)- C*TDC8)-TO(12) *QTO12
C
C CALCLLATE SPRING4 AND DAM1PING COEFFICIENTS
C
IF(XNOSEeGT*C*) XNOSE a -.001
IF(XRAIN1.GT*3*) XPAINI -.001
IF(XPAINZ.6T.0s) XI'AIN2 a-.001
IF(VELN*EQ*Co) VELN.*001
IF(VEL~i*IEQ*.00) VEL11Ia.061
IF(VEL*42.tA.Co) VELN2=C*001
VLh vVELN - TO(14)
VEL111=VEL111- 10(18)
VELP2xVELM2- T0(16)
XNLK=ABS (XNOSE)
XMLKI a ASS(XNAIN1)

70
 2XHLK2 x Af3S(XMAIN2)
CALL TLOCK( XhLK, SLOPEN, YCEPNSTRCKN, P!NONd,-SCNI,
CALL TLOCK(XPL:1,SLOPEM1,YCEPM1,ETR0KM,e;TNDM,NSCtI)
CALL TLOCi((XtrLK2,SLOFEN2,YCEPM2,STROKCIPINuM,NSCP)
Ak= SLCPEN*XNLK +YCEPN
*0111 = SLOPEPL*XMLKi *YCEPtM1
*0142 = SLOPE02 4 XMLK2 *YCEPM2
CON=(*0I8*(Af4N**39) ) /2 4 .te

COM2= (.CG0i60C(A$H*3.))/(24(.9*AtOh2)'Z)
SSN=(PAON*VOb)/( ((VOh/AAh)-XNLK))
SSMI= (PAON'VOM).'I((VOM/AA1H)-XNLI'i))
SS12= (PA0tI' yOH/ (((VOi4/AAq) -XMLK?))
FTN =SX'N TS'K 4 (T(6) - ZPN)
FTMI = (SXt./29)*?SM*(T(4)-ZPII)
FTM2 =(SXti/2,,)*TSM*(T(12)-ZPMA)
IF(FTt4.GT.0. )FTNZo.
IF(FTML*CT.09) FTNIO.0*
IF(FT?12@GT*09) FTM2O.09
IF(T(14)*.LT.C.000) SSN =(2937242.)/25.38)-MgL)
IF(T(16)sLT-g0*00) SSM2 (5Z365)(3s=)XL2
IF(T(18)9LTsCe000) SSIII (512'.326.96)/((37.89)-XM1LKl)
FSN SXti4(-SSN*CON*VELN*A0S(VELh))
FSPI (SXII /24!) 4 (-SSI'I + COH1*VELH1*ABSCVEL'I1)J
FSMZ (SXN /24.0f (-55912 + COM2*VELM2*ABSCVELh2))

ORAGAWL IFT*CO/CL
CRAGT =AESt*025fFTHI **025*FTH2 4.4125*FTN)
IF(NTRUN *EQ. 1) GO TO 125
IF(TO(IC) eLT* SPEED) GO TO 25
THRUST = DRAGA + ORAGT
C SECONOAFY PISTON CALCULATIONS
125 CON 95
CCIII &5
CON12
IF(TCt14)*GT*0*O) CON =S&C
IF(TO(16).GT.o.O) COHZ 5.0
IF(TO(18).6T.0O? COMI 5.0
P2N = 2733218./(18.'.J-AES(T(14M) -20.'TO(1I.)-CCN*TO(1'.)*ASS(
170(141)
F2942 z 4tL.375?o/(2fC.21-AES(T(6))) -20.,*TD(16)-CCfl2*T0(%6)*ABS(
1T0116))
M a14t'.375-?*/(26e21-A6S(TC18M) - 2G9*TC186)-CONI'TO(l8)*A8S(
1TO~iO))
FSTN = FSN* *603 + F2M
P511 = (FSHI/2.)*o738 + F2941
P512 = (P5942/2.) *9738 + F2142
TOO(2)=(-FSN-FSWI1-P5P2-94CG*3866VLIFfl 1HCG
TOOW4 = (FSPl-FTHI-9IH*??Z.)0C14N'2.)
T0016) = (FSh-FTh-fIN'3869)/HlN
TOO (d) =- (SPI*A -PSIIZ*C -P594'S -ORAGT' (SLH+XMAl~hl) /fhII
100(10) = (TORUST-ORAGA-CRAGT )/((HCG+M*HH$NI #12.)
700(12)= (FSP,2-FTM2*-I9N'?2*)/(MHH2.)
TOD(14) = P51941.259

71
 ow - -

TDO(161 = STZ/*259
T00(18= FSTL/.259
CO 20 1=1,NFM
i26 000I =-(SIPAIN1CI)'(FSP2-REAf-Tfll) +SIMAIN2(1)#(FS#P2-REACTM2)
1*(FSN-REACTN)*SINOSE(I)+.tO1,EGA(I)*GM(I)*Q0(I).CHEGA(1)4*2*2
2G14(D 40( 1))/GN(ID
OX = .000i
IF(FSTN.LT.8C00..OR.Tti4;.LT.60.) OX:z *0006
IF(FSTI.LT*o00a..ORsTtd1JLT.0ig OX =.00005
IFCFSTZ.LT.8000..OR.T(tb).LT.0.0) OX =.00005
IF(A8StTC(14))sGT*..01) OX= GS
IFCA9S(TC(i6%)).GT..00i) OX z00ADM
IF(At6S(Ttt16);.GT**00t) CX = *G0D05
CC 30 1z2vi8.2
30 Tt(I) TUCI) * TOO(I)OX4

IF(T(16) .&*..0001.AND.TC(16.&GE*.:.Ca T(6)zTOd16):TOU.6)=0.2

IF(TU18 .f'E.-.0001.ANri.TC(1a).GE*rCOCO) T1t8)=TO(18)=TO0(18)=Q0.
CO 4.0 1=1NFV

RETURN
ENO

72
 SUBROUTINE IC(ZCGIZMIiU1I29ZNIvTHETAI)
COMMICN/X2/PACNVOHAAMAHNOAN
COMMON/X3/PAONvVONqAADN9A?-NOAN
COPMON/k4/Sk~,SXNSLMSLNTSN, TSt
COeIMON/XG/ZREACTNIREACTNREACrN2,OXNTRUN
COIHMON/Xg/FSM1,FSH2,FSNFTN1,FTN2,FTNXMAINIXtAIN2,XNOSE,
IVELMI, VELM2ZWELN
C THIS IS THE IC SUBROUTINE FCR A 0-58 AIRCRAFT SIMULATICN

C THIS PROGR~AM WILL FIND THE INITIAL C%;NDITIONS FOR TAkI

C FOR SXII IIAI AND SXN NOSE GEAR
C ZNX= MAIN GEAR TIRE DEFLECTION 35 PERCENT
C ZNI= NOSE GEAR TIRE DEFLECTION 35 PERCENT DEFLECTION
C ZCGI= CG DEFLECTION
C THETAI= PITCH ANGLE
C XttAIN= MAIN LANDING GEAR STATIC STFOKE
C XNOSE= NOSE GEAR STATIC STROKE
ptI aDcO0co.
to RM1=RML 450.
RM2 z (Rti'(A+B)- W*B)/(C-6)
RN = -RPI -R142
RMIl = RVI'/2o
Rig2T =Rt2/2,
ZNI= -RN/TSN
21111 = -RIIIT/TSM
21112 = -AM2T/TSM
RMIT = RWI - MW1
RM2T zRP2T-hMn
RN=RN-WN
ANCSE=PAGN*VCN/RN - VON/AAN
XMAI~14PAONlvVOIVRNIT-VOM'/AAH
IF(RIIIT@GTe2S2000*) X1IAIN1 522329F6./RH1T -J7*89
IF(RII2TsGT.292000.) X14AIN2 5223296*/RtI2T 3- 8
TtIETAI=((XIIAINI*ZHIL)-(XNOSE*ZNI))/(B*A)
XMAIN2T = XIIAINI-THETAI*(A*C) -ZI'I2 *ZI'II
ZCGI 2XPI'ANI-A*THETAI* Z2111
IF(RPieGT*4500Q00) GO TO 20
IF(ABS(XMlAIN2-XPAIN2T).L79*0Q6) GO TO 3C
GO TO 10
20 URITE(6,40)
40 FORMAT(1X9*NO INITIAL CONDITIONS HAVE BEEN FOUND*)
33 IF(ZNI*GT.O.D) GO TO 10
FETURN
ENO

73
 SUBRCUTIPz CCEFF (Yo Ao,8.CvO)
CIPENSIOt Y(4.)

C THIS IS THE~ COEFF SUBROUTINE FOR A C-5A A!RCRAFT SIIIULATICN

FiETURN
END

74
 SUBROUTIhE TLOOI( (XqSLOPE ,YCEPfT, S FN)

C )MIS IS THE TLOOI( SUBROUTINE FOR A C-5A AIRCRAFT SIPULATION

C THIS IS A 2 GINENSIONAL TABLE~ LOCK UP ROUTINE

C 11ITH LINEAk INTERPCLATICI
C
C X IS THE CURRENT VALUE OF STROKE
C SLCPE AND 7CEPT ARE CALCULATED AND Re~TtRNEO
C S .INO P M1AKE UP THE TABLE
t; N IS THE NL9IBER CF VALUES IN 7HE TABLE
CO 1 I~iqN
IF(X.GE*S(I).ANO.X.L7*S(IG1)IGO TO 2
1 CONTINUE
2 SLCPEs(P(1*I)-P(I3))(S(1+1)-S(I)4.al)
YCEPT=P( 1)-SLOPE*SI)
RETURN
END

75
pass-

SUBROUTIhi TAYLORCT*TOTCO)

C THIS IS T14E TAVL0R SUSAOUTIVE FOR i F-4. AIRCRAFT SIMULATIC?

CCOMCN/LEX2/NFPtGPtS) ,CHEGA(25)
CO1MM0N/FLZX3,Q(15),QO(15) ,OUO( 15)

COM9ION/X2/PACMVOtlAAMAHJMOA"
CoI'mON/ X3/PACN, VONvAAI4. AMNvOAt
COVON/X4slSkPqSXN,SLI',SLbvTSN 9TSNa
'4lMP'N/Xgl/GL 9C0,AREAtTHRLST
COP-PCr4/X6/Z, IEACTMtqEACTNCxoNTRLNSP,-iO
LUPMtON/X?/AM.814.CM,0PANBhCr4,DN

COPPON/X9/FSI.FSh,FTP.FTP,XMAIN,XNOS.,Iv -iVELN4
COIPMON/XlZ/lPM*ZPN
UIPENSIOI T(1219 TO(iZ)v TCO(IZ)
REAL 11CGdl-M*PNvlPI
)I Z=Z+1O(lC)*OX*TO0(I3)*OX4*2/2
lPMAtI.aP*Z+CM*Z**2*Em*Z'#3
ZPNzAN+BN*Z+CN*Z***ON*Z**3
GTN=O.
cre'z3.

CTUP=Z.
OC UJ I1=19M4
OTN=tUTN4O(I )'SlOSE (I)

GT&".CTCK*GL II) SIPAI4( I)

IQ GTON=fJTCN+0CtI)*SINOSEl)
)tNCSE z ((2) 8 T(8 -
- T(16) *QT#4
xrAIN =(T(21 A *fIG) - TI'.,) *OT?4
VELP = TC(Zl A *TOW6 - TOW'. #QV014
VcELN =TCM~ 9 - TOMS - TOMb *OTON
IF(XPAIN*GE*Gol XHAIN=-.1
IF(XNO5E.&Z*.*.) XN0SE=-o1
IFIVz-Lt4EQ*.0J VELI4=-o1

x1ILK=AtsS (XMA INI

XhLKZABS IXNOSE)
C NOSE AND MAIN OAHPING COEFF
CALL TLOCK(IXPLKSLOPENYCEP14,STRCKMPIN0PNSChJ
CAiLL tLOCK(XNLKSLOPEN,7CcEPNSTqCKhPIhONNSCh)
40" SLEPL.M*A9S(XtAIN) * YCEPH
AlJN rSLI'PE~ti- "" (NOSE) 4 vi:-PN
II:(A23(XIeAIN) , z0 AWP * 0'.'d6
AI.8.O.CNLT0O
lr-IVEL%.GT,.Q.) AON =.8S5Z-AON
IF(VELN9GT*Z*3) AO0=11 S - AON * .'4536

IF(VELc.G*CT.0.G.AN0.AeStPAIN).GT.13.&6) COP.a CON1 18972

C NOS& AND "4AIN STRUT PNELIIATIC FORCES

IF(AtdS(Xe'A1N)oLT.I3.866 ~SSN = (PACC?'V~i4)/II(VOP4AAN)-A8SIZMIAIN)))

SSN=(PAOt% 0 Vli#)/( ((VON/lAAN)-XNLK))

76
 FTM a SX * TSH 4 MW() ZPH)
FY14 =SxN* TSl' * (1(6) - ZPN)
IF(FTMGT.OaFTP=D.

FS14zSXN*(-SS1.CC14*VEN'AeS(VELN))
FSH=SXH'(-SSPO *COH*VELN'ABS(VSLH))
IF(AeSIXPAII4,.GE*15*36, FS x FSM *i0000000o.(Xr.*1t4 15.88)
IF(FSN.Glo.0.a P51 = 0.0
IFCFSN.GI.G*C) FSH 0.0
VLIFT =.0011a9*CL*AREA'Ot70o1rocD(1))
ORAGA=VL IFT*CD/CL
CRAGT =AEStoCZ5*FTMG.0Z5 *FTN I
?cfNTRUN*EQ~l) GO TO 20
IF(TO(1O) ski. SPEED) GO TO 20
TI4RUST=ORAGA*ORAGT
23 100(2) (-FSN-FSM14-CG*306*+VLIFT,/N4CG
T00(4.) (FSI-FT11-3866*SX1ehp),(111#SXeq)
TOO(6)=(FSN-FT1k-4N*3866*SXN)/("N'SXN)
T00(8 =-(FSP*A -FSt4*6 -CRAGT *0.SLl.XMDINI)/HllI
TOD(19) = (Tt-LUS?-0RAGA-CRAGT),((IPCG*12.))
CO 30 lzl9N1F14
30 QODM=-(SIPAINIMs(FS9M 7'EACTrnSINOSED 4)(FSN-REACIN)

Cx=.301
IFASXPI)G*38-,ADASX~N.E1 1 CX .CCCI
CO 40 1 = Z91092
TM1 = TMI * TO(IMA)+ (T00(I)OX**2)/Z.
'.1 TOM(I = TOMI * TO0(11*0X
co 50 I1,IFMW

5o CO(X=QoMuI),0001#x
6ETURN
- No

77
 SU9ROUTINE IC( Z~rIZHIZNIqTHElAI)
COtIlMCN/FL1k/SIHAIh(15),SltdOSEA15),Sj,;G(15),SITAIL(15),SIPS(1S)
C0OOON/FLX;/NFilGM15) ,CtEGA(15)
CCP'OMCN/FL-:X3/0(15) ,O0(15 1,000115)

COMMON/X2/PACN, VON .AA'4,AHM9OAII

COPICNIX3/PAONoyON, AA--'ti-NOAN
COt'HOt/X'./SXP9SYNvSL.:SLINTSM ,TSN
COM14ONiXSiFSPFSN,FI Fl!' '34AIN,)LNOSE, VELIpVEIN

C THIS IS THE IC SUBROUTINS ~ A F-4. AIRCRAFT SIMULATION

C THIS PRO'-RAN WILL. FINi) THE INITIAL. CCN0OILONS FOR TAXI

C FOR SEP MAIN ANC~ SEN NOSE GEAR
C 1111: PAIN GEAR~ TIRE DEFLECTIlON 35 PERCENT
C ZNIz NOSi GEAR TIRE OEFLECTICtI 35 PERCtNT 3EFLECT1CN
C ZCGI= CG DEFLECTION
C THETAI: PITCH AN~GLE
C XP.AIN= MAIN LANOING GEAR STATIS ST60KE
C XNOSE= NOSE GEAR STATIC STFOKE

I. R4= Wt (1.*A/13)

Rm~pP/ SEP
ANR%/N.SkN
ZuqI=-RP/TSN
ZNI:-RNI TSN
fiSN=RN-W14
lN0SE=*PSON' VON/RSN-VON/AAN
)AAIhx*PAOl4'VON/RSM-VON4/AAM
IF(ASSWEA1N).LT6139881 GO TO 10
XIIHAIN a 0.
20 XhllAh = XhAIN - o0C2.
RS"T x(PACHl*VO)I/(C(VOlliA5Il)-AB5(XMAlb?))
IF(A8S()PAIN).GE*13*8G) FSHT = + (195'.60)1
t(1(29296) -AeSSIPAIN * 13.88)))
IF(AaS(RSt: - RSVT).LT*50.8b GO TC 1C
GO TO 20
10 THETAI=-(XNOSEtpZNl-(XHAlIN.ZMI)bI(8+A)
ZCGIKlPAIN-A*THETA I*&ti;
00 38 I=1.NFN
00(I)=D.
30 G(I)=0.
REURN
END

78
 SULIROUTINL tAVLCP(TTDTCOI
'CIPMCN/FLLXI/SlIeAIN(15) ,SLIOSE(15) ,SLCG(15) ,SITAIL(15) ,SIPS(15)
CCPMCN/FLcX2i'NFt~,GM(15) eCtEGAC 15)
COU'1'CN/FLzX3/0(15) ,0!(15) .000(15)
COrMON/AlfW, b14,WNd'CGMMDqNA, 8,PtI
COPHCN/X2/PACHtVOIAA~iAI'M, AI
CCt'MON/X3/PACNtV0NtAAN*AI-N*OAN
COMMOIN/X4/SXISXNSLHSLN*TSM ,TSN
CClMMCN/5/CL ,CDAREAT~r.LST
C0IPICN/Xt/Z, RE-ACThtIACr~,CXNTRLN
COMMON/X?/AM , M.CII, illAN SN ,CNON
COMMONIXe/ST6O0KI(20),PIN0M4(20),STROK~N(20),PIN0N(20JNSCMNSCN
CCM"ON/XS/FS,#FSNFTI',VThMAINtXNOSc~,VE-LIIVELN
COPhiCN/XIG/ZFDIZPN
COPI'ICN/Xll/SSe4,7OIOMTK

REAL PCG,1MqPNtPI'
C F-111 TATLCR SUaRCUTINE
I Z=Z.1O(1C)0DX*TDD(13)#OX**2/2*
120 ZPMzAMBP&ZCH*Z42+OI1Z4*3
ZPN=AN.Bb'Z+NZ*C4Z2+0I$Z**3
OTN:O.
CTel=O.
CTON=Ov
QTOHOo.
00 130 I1,N9Ftl
QINOQTN4Q(I)*ISNOSEG(1
CTPmQTHC(1 *SIPAlhII)
QTOflzTGTr.iQO(I)*SIMAIN( I)
130 QTONZQTCN*GC(I)*SINCSE(I)
XNOSE = (T(2) - 9 * T(8) - T(b)) *QTN
XMAIN (t(T(2) + A T(d) - TW)d +0TM )*obb
vELd =(TC(2) *A 4TOMO - TOM4 *QTOM)*ebb
Sah TC(2) B
8 TOWe - TOM6 4QTON
IF(..AIN.GE*EoP XtNAIN=-o1
IF(XNOSE.&Eo0.) XNOSEx-el
IF(VELM*EO.0e) VELM=-o1
IF(VELN.EQ.O.) VELN=-ol
XMLKzABS (XMA IN)
XNLK=ASS(XNOSE)
G NOSE AND MAIN DAMPING CGEFF
CALL TLOCK(XI'LKSLCPiHMYCEPHSTRCKH,FiNOM.NSC4)
CALL TLOCK((KNLKSLOPENYCEPNSTRCKNPINDNNtN)
AOM = (SLCPEP*XMLK.YCEPHI
AGN =(SLCPEN*XNLK+ YCEPN)
:ON=t.OCCZ'8'(AHh'S.*)I/(c4(.9,ACN)442)

C NOSE AND MAIN STRUT PNE4HJATIC FORCES

SSPz(PAC.#VOt)/( ((VCM./AAP)-(XtILK-14.4'751))
SSN:(PACN#VOt)/t ((VONIAAN)-XNLK))
IF(XHLKd:-T.Q ..A~J.40XHLI(LTs5 :4.f5)SSM=479C.,201e?'*);tLK
IF tX!"LK.G.14,275.AN0. #MLK.LE*.14.'45)SS76?6bi.+lt94IUa

FTM =SXP * SH 0 (T(4) - ZPH)

FIN =SXNP TStN * (T(6b - ZPN)

79
 IF (FfN.GT*0.JFTIP=0.
i,7(FTN.GT.O. )FTN=0*
FSII=SXN#(-SS,CON.VELN#Aes(VEU )
FStP=S~tM'(-SSI' *COM'VEUI'ABS(V-LM) 14*66
VLIFT .Cu11i89CL*ARtA(TO(l,)*TCC1G))
CRAGAzVL IFT*CO/CL
CRAGT =AES(.u25*FTN+*O254FTN)
IF(NTRUN.-:o~l) GO TO 25
THRUST=ORAGA*ORACT
125 700(2) =(-FSN-FSH-MCG*3'jL.*+VLIFT)/NCG
TOO )=FSM-FTNi-386. SXP'NtM)/C NH4 SXM)
TOO(6) :(FSN-FTN-14N*386.4S-'XN)/(MN*SXN)
TOO(S =-(FSP*A -FSN*B -CRAGT *(SLM*XMAIN)I)/MI
100tO) =(,P2'I-.ST-ORAGA-CRAGT)/((t'CG*12.))
CO 200 I=INFN
MC QOO(I)=-(SIPAIN(I) (FSM-REACTM)sSINC'SE(I)4 (FSN-REACTN)

cx=.001
IF(iFLK.G~.14..275.AN~oXMLK.LT.1t.S.?5) OX=90GC1
CO 1001 I1 2,1002
T(I) T(I) 4 TrC(flOX + (1flO(I)OX**2)/2*
1001 TO(I) =TOMI 4 TO0(I)'OA
CO 002 1=19FM

10C2 CO(I)zOO(I)4QJOO(I)4 Ox
FETURN
ENC

80
 SUORCUTINE IC( ZCGIZNIZhuITHETAI)
COMMON/FLEXI/SIMAIN(15),SlhOSE(lI-).SICG(l5),SITAIL(15),SIPS(l5)
COMHO0N/FLiX2/NFI'IGM(15) ,CNEGA(15)
COMMCN/FLEX3/O(ic.) ,O(15) ,OOO(15)
CCMW2tN/X 1/N, NM, hNPCGMMNNA,8,PMI
COMMON/)X2/PACeqVOMAAMAg-MOAM
COMMON/X3/PACN ,VONAANAPN,CAN
COMMON/X4/SXP9SXN9SLIHSLWSM ,TSN
COMMON/XS/FSP,FS~vFTI'FThXI'AINXNOSt~,VEhINVELN

C F-li1 IC SUBR~UTINE
C THIS PROGRAM WILL FIINO THE INITIAL CCNOITIONS FOR TAXI
C Fu 'j.M MAUI 4P SXh NOSE GEAR
C ZMI= M4IN GEAR TIRE DEFLECTION 35 PERCENT
C ZNI= NOSE CEAQ TIRE DEFLECTIC04 3S PERCENT DEFLECTION
C ZCGI= CG DEFLECTION
C THE7AI= PITCH ANGLE
C XIIAIN= MAIN LANOING GEAR STATIC STROKE
C XNOSEz NOSE GEAR STATIC STROKE

RHNW/ (1**A/B)
RqN=N-RM
RM=RH/5XP
RN=Rh/SXN
1M1=-Rp/TSM
ZNI=-RN/TSN
RSM (RP -WPI/*66
RSNRPN-WN
XNOSE=+PAON* VON/QSN-VON/AAN
XMAIN=(,PAOI4*VOP/IRSlI-VOHAAM-l4.375
IF (PSM.GE.?6e3..ANC.RSN.LT.'.5557.) XMAIN a-(RS1,4269656?.3/lO'35.'.
XHA66=XMAIN/ .66
TIIETAIa-(XNOSEeZNI-(XEMA6t.ZMI))/ (S+A)
ZCGI=XNAE6-AOTHETA 14ZMI
00 10 1=19NFH

IC C(I)0Q.
RETURN
END

81
 APPENDIX II

FORTRAN SYMBOL DEFINITIONS

This dppendix uo:..ains an alphabetical listing of the Fortran variables

used in the piogram TAXI categorized by the subroutine in which they are

defined. In cases where a variable is defined in two or more subroutines, it

is listed under the subrcutine in which it is used most often. Some symbols

used in the C-5A computer code are not listed. These variables are those which

have been formed by adding a 1 or 2 to a variable name which is contained in

the basic 1AXI computer code. The 1 refers to the rear set of main gear and

the 2 refers to the front set of main gear of the C-5A aircraft. Thus, a

variable such as FSMI in the C-5A code .y be found by looking for the vari-

able FSM In the listing of symbols and associating the definition of the

variable with the rear set of maLn gear of the aircraft. Some variables

denoted (C-5A simulation only) are those contained in the C-5A computer code

exclusively.

82
 APPENDIX II

FORTRAN SYMBOL DEFINITIONS

TAXI

SYMBOL DEFINITION

A Distance from CG to rear main gear

AAM Pneumatic area, main gear

AAN Pneumatic area, nose gear

AHM Hydraulic area, main gear

AHN Hydraulic area, nose gear

AM Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profllA Rpmennt,

rear main gear

AMA Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

front main gear(C-5A simulation only

AN Coefficient of polynomial fit to runu - rofile segment,

nose gear

AREA Aircraft wing area

B Distance from CG t' nose gear

BM Coefficient of polynomial to runway profile segment,

rear main gear

BNA Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

front main gear (C-5A simulation only)
BN Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

nose gear

C Distance from CG to front main gear (C-5A simulation only)

'Zn Coefficient of drag

CGACC Array containing CG acceleratlons for Calcomp plot

C('OUT Total CC acceleration

ZL Coefficient of lift

83
SYMBOL DEFINITION

CM Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

rear main gear

CMA Coeflicient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

front main gear (C-5A simulation only)

CN t'ue:ficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

nose gear

DDPLOT Array containing aircraft distance down the runway for

Calcomp plot

DISTAN Distance down the runway used in removing overall slope

from runway profile

DM Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

rear main gear

DMA Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

front main gear (C-5A simulation only)

DN Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment,

nose gear

DX Time step for ;ntegration

DZ Variable which compensates for the overlap of two adjacent

ELEV Array containing runway profile elevations

ELEVI Elevation of first runway profile point

ENDRUN Length of runway

GM Array containing generalized masses for each flexible

mode of vibration

HDR Counter for printing header on printed output

I Index variable

IFPLOT Variable which contdins decision to produce plotted output

or i.ot

11 Subscript variable for runway markers on Calcomp plot

84
SYMBOL DEFINITION

ITT Index variable

IVAL Integer truncation of distance between nose and rear main

gear

!VWIA Integer truncation of distance between rear main gear and

front main gear (C-5A simulaticn -nly)

IXLONG Integer truncation of length of time axis on Calcomp plot

J Subscript variable for runway profile

LD Counting variable for runway profile input

LDl Counting vaciable for runway profile output listing

LL Subscript variable for storage of pilot station acceleration

time history

LLL Subscript variable for storage of aircraft speed and distance

for Calcomp plot

LPRIN Runway distance for runway profile listing

LSD Counting variable for runway profile input

LSD1 Counting variable for runway profile listing

M Counting variable for printing out output header first time

MCG Mass of entire aircraft

MGM Integer truncation of total simulation time

MM Mass of unsprung portion of one main landing gear

MMI Pitching moment of inertia about aircraft center of gravity

MN Mass of the unsprung portion of the nose landing gear

MPN Length of runway divided by 1000 feet

NFM Number of flexible modes

NN Subscript variable fcr CG acceieration time history

85

L1
SYMBOL DEFINITION

NPTSS Number of runway profile points

NSCM Number of slope or area changes on main strut metering pin

NSCN Number of slope or area changes on nose strut metering pin

NTRUNI Defines run as taxi oi takeoff

Nio index variable for normalization of runway profile

OQM Area of orifice hole, main gear

OAN Area of orifice lzole, nose gear

OMEGA Array of flexible mode frequencies

PAOM Preload pressure of main gear strut

PAON Preload pressure of nuse gear strut

PINDM Array containing main gear metering pia diameters for con-
ventional aircraft and net orifice areas for aircraft with
metering tubes or flulted metering pins

PINDN Array containing nose gear metering pin diameters for con-
ventional aircraft and net orifice areas for aircraft with
metering tubes or flutted metering pins

PLANE Aircraft being simulated

PP Counting variable for storage ot distance and speed for

Calcomp pJot

PROF Runway profile time history elevations

PROFI0 PROF (NN+2)XlO

PSA Pilot station acceleration

PSACC Array containing pilot station acceledation time history

PSARM Distance from pilot station to CG

Q Array of non-dimensional time dependent coordinates which

weight the amount of motion due to each flexible mode in
the total motion of the aircraft

86

K __
 SYMBOL DEFINITION

QD Tim= derivative of Q

QDD Time derivative of QD

QDDCG CC acceleration due to flexible motion

QUDIb filot station acceleration due to flexible motion

QDDTAL Tail station acceleration due to flexible motion

REACTM Static, total force at main gear

REACTN Static, total force at nose gear

RM Incremented variable for determining position of runway

markers

RMARK Array containing runway markers positions

SICO Mo'e shape deflection of CC

SIMAIN Mode shape deflection at main landing gear

SINOSE Mode shape deflection at nose landing gear

SIPS Mode ahape deflection at pilot station

SITAIL Mode shape deflection at tail station

SITE Location of runway

I

SLM Distance from CL of mvan gear axle to CG of aircraft with

strut fully extended
SLN Distance from CL of nose gear axle to CC of aircraft with

strut fully extended

SLP Overall slope of runway profile

SPEED Initial speed of aircraft

SSPLOT Array of velocity of aircraft for Calcomp plot

STOREI Temporary storage space for CC accelerations

87
 SYMBOL DEFINITIONS

STORE2 Temporary storage space for CG accelerations

STORE3 Temporary storage space for pilot station accelerations

STORE4 Temporary storage space for pilot station accelerations

S' k.)KM ArLy %f strut stroke values corresponding to metering

pin values (PINDM), main gear
STROKN Array of strut stroke values corresponding to metering

pin, values (PINDN), nose gear

SgN Number of main gear struts

SXN Number of nose gear struts

TkILAC Acceleration at tail station

TAILRM Distance from tail station to CG

TAKOFF &%tatLion velocity of aircraft

THRUST Total thrust of aircraft

TIME Array of simulation tiNes at which CG acceleration time

history points are stored

TIMEX Counter variable for printed output

TIME1 Array oa simulation times at which pilot station time

history are stored

TSM Tire spring constant, main gear

TSN Tire spring constant, nose gear

TYPRUN Define: simulation as takeoff or taxi

VAL Distance between nose and rear main gear

Distance between rear main gear and front main gear

(C-SA simulation only)

VOM Main gear strut fully extended vclume

88

LI
 SYMBOL DEFINITION

VON Nose gear strut fully extended volume

W Weight of aircraft

WM Main gear unsprung weight

WN Nose gear unsprung weight

X Simulation time

XLONG Length of time axis for Calcomp plot

XLONG2 XLONG/2

XPROF Location for printing of "NOSE GEAR TRACK" on Calcoip plot

XSTOP XLONG+5

YP Array containing runway segment elevation points and slope

from end of previous segment, rear main gear

YPA Array containing runway segment elevation points and slope

from end of previous segment, front main gear (C-5A simu-
lation only)

YPN Array containing runway segment elevation points and slope

from end of previous segment, nose gear

ZADOT Slope of runway segment at end point, front main gear

(C-5A simulation only)

ZNDOT Slope of runway segment at end point, nose gear

TAYLOR

AOM Net orifice area, main gear (OAM-metering pin area)

AON Net orifice area, nose gear (OAN-metering pin area)

MoM Damping coefficient, main gear

CON Damping coefficient, nose gear

DRAGA Aerodynamic drag

89
SYMBOL DEFINITION
.1
DRAGT Rolling Drag

FSM Total force in all main gear struts

FSN Total force in all nose gear struts

FSTN Net force on secondary piston, nose gear (C-5A Simulation only)

FSTI Net force on secondary piston, rear main gear (C-5A Simulation
only)

FST2 Net force on secondary piston, front main gear (C-5A Siwulation
only)

FTM Force in tires, main gear

FTN Force in tires, nos, gear

F2MI Total force in secondary chamber, rear main gear (C-5A simu-
lation only)

F2M2 Total force in secondary chamber, front main gear (C-5A simu-
lation only)

F2N Total force in secondary chamber, nose gear (C-5A simulation

only)

QTDM Total velocity due to flexible modes at main gear

QTDN Total velocity due to flexible modes at nose gear

QTM Total deflection due to flexible modes at main gear

QTN Total deflection due to flexible modes at nose gear

SLOPEM Slope of line drawn through two metering pin points, main gear

SLOPEN Slope line drawn through two metering pin points, nose gear

SSM Pneumatic force, main gear

SSN Pneumatic force, nose gear

T(2) CG vertical displacement

T(4) Unsprung mass vertical displacement, front main gear

T(6) Unsprung mass vertical displacement, nose gear

90
SYMBOL DEFINITION

T(8) Rigid body pitch angle of aircraft

T(10) Horizontal distance of airoraft

T(12) Unsprung mass vertical displacement, front main gear

(C-5A simulation only)

T(14) Vertical displacement of secondary piston, nose gear

(C-5A simulation only)

T(16) Vertical displacement of secondary piston, front main gear

(C-5A simulation only)

T(18) Vertical displacement of secondary piston, rear main gear

(C-5A simulation only)

TD(2) Time derivative of T(2)

TD(4) Time derivative of T(4,'

TD(6) Time derivative of T(6)

TD(8) Time derivative of T(8)

TD(10) Time derivative of T(10)

TD(12) Time derivative of T(12) (C-5A simulation only)

TD(14) Time derivative of T(14) (C-5A simulation only)

TD(16) Time derivative of T(16) (C-5A simulation only)

TD(18) Time derivative of T(18) (C-5A simulation only)

TDD(2) Time derivative of TD(2)

TDD(4) Time derivative of TD(4)

TDD(6) Time derivative of TD(6)

TDD(8) Time derivative of TD(8)

TDD(10) Time derivative of TD(lO)

IID(12) Time derivative of TD(12) (C-5A simulation only)

TDD(14) Time derivative of TD(14) (C-5A simulation only)

TDD(16) Time derivative of TD(16) (C-5A simulation orly)

"91
 SYMBOL DEFINITION

TDD(18) Time derivative of TD(18) (C-5A simulation only)

VELM Total Strut, vetocity, main gear,

VELN Total strut velocity, nose gear

VLIFI 4erodynamic lift force

XMAIN Strut s~r,,ke, main gear

XMLK Absolute valutf of 1MAIN

MLK Absolute value of XNOSE

XOSE Strut. stroke, main gear

YCEPM Y intercept of line drawn through metering pin points,

main gear

YCEPN Y inLt--cept of line drawn through two metering pin points,

IloSe gear

Z Dlistance (if aircraft from beginning of a 4 ft runway segment

ZPM Runway elevation, rear main gear

ZPMA Runway elevation, front main gear (C-5A simulat'on only)

ZPN Runway elevation, nose gear (C-5A simulation only)

IC

RM Static reaction force at main gear

Will Static reaction force at rear main gear (C-5A simulation only)

I12I Static reaction force at front main gear (C-SA simulation only)

RIN Static reaction force at nose gear

RSM RM- WM

RSN R - WN

THEIAI Rigid body initial pitch angle

XMAIN2T Test variable for rigid body initial conditions

(C-SA simulation only)

92
 SYMBOL DEFINITION

ZCGI Initial CG vertical displacerent

ZMI Initial tire deflection, main geac

ZN: Initial tire deflection, nose gear

COEFF

A Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment

.1 Coefficient of polynomial 41 to runway profile segment

C Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment

D Coefficient of polynomial fit to runway profile segment

Y Runway profile elevation values

TLOOK

I Index var.able

N Number of values in metering pin - stroke table

P Metering pin diameter or net orifice area for aircraft with

metering tubes or flutted metering pins

S Strut stroke in metering pin table

S!)PE Slope of Line drawn between two metering pin points

YCEPT Y intercept of line drawn between two metering pin points

93