IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 3 | Issue 09 | March 2017

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System

Mr. Celso Furtado Mr. Jeshley Rebello
UG Student UG Student
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Don Bosco College of Engineering, Fatorda-Goa Don Bosco College of Engineering, Fatorda-Goa

Abstract
This paper based on automated system for ticketing in the Metro Train System which is based on unique passenger identification.
This is a user friendly system, which will automatically identify the passenger and deduct the passengers fare according to the
distance travelled. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) card and rfid reader are used to make the identification of
passenger and transaction very precise. System thus reduces human errors and efforts. This project is a complete metro train
simulator that will be installed in a metro train. The RF Card technology is used that is it has a unique id for every tag. Every
person is allotted a RF card with the fixed balance in it. The metro train will keep on passing between the stations and as it stops
at the station the person has to swipe its RF card to make an exit. According to distance travelled by the passenger the ticket is
deducted from its balance, as the person has to show the RF card while entering and leaving the train station. The MCU is used
to perform the above task along with the display unit and RF ID reader. A stepper motor is used to show the door opening and
closing on swiping the RF card.
Keywords: Buzzer, Display unit (liquid display unit), RFID, RFID reader, Stepper motor, 8051 Microcontroller
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

The radio frequency identification has been the most widely used technology in recent years. The RFID technology is widely
used in number of application. They are used for animal identification, schools, universities and museums. The RFID tags
provides security and hustle free services to its users. An RFID system consist of tags, basically a microchip with an antenna and
an interrogator or reader with an antenna. A fundamental system of RFID consist of two primary components i.e. the reader
circuit and tag. The RFID tag and the reader circuit set up communication via waves of electromagnetic nature. The most RFID
tags consist of an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulating and demodulating RF signal and other
specialized function. It also consists of an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. The data is stored in RFID tag with
response to the reader by transforming the energy of radio frequency queries from the reader and sending back the information.
A computer hosting a specific RFID application pilots the reader and its processes the data it sends.

II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This project is designed to demonstrate the RFID based ticketing system used in Metro train system. In this technology we make
use of an RFID tags and an EM-18 RFID reader which is installed on the metro train .Each RFID tag has its unique identity
which provide security to its user. According to the distance travelled by the passenger the ticket is deducted from the balance, as
the person has to show the RF card while entering and leaving the train station. Multiple users can enter the train or leave the
train simultaneously the MCU stores the data of each card user and deducts the balance at the destination station based on the
distance travelled. A stepper motor is used to open and close the gate each time the card is tapped on the RFID reader. RFID
cards can be used in all weather conditions and can be read at a wide range of angles. The RFID does not require visual line of
site. It allows transparent automated tracking eliminating human error. New information can be overwritten on the RFID card.

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 RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

III. DESIGN AND SIMULATION

LCD Buzzer

MCU
Power supply

Isolation Circuit

Amplification Circuit

Stepper Motor

Fig.1: flow diagram of RFID based metro train ticketing system

Figure 2.4 indicates the circuit for passenger counting.

LCD
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

VCC(5V)

VCC(5V)

VCC(5V)
AT89C52
1 40
2 P10 VCC 1 16
P11 Enable 1 Vss

C3
3
4
5
P12
P13 P00
39
38
2
Input 1
L293D Input 4
15
6 P14 P01 37 3 14
22 uF 7 P15 P02 36 Output1 Output 4
SW1 8 P16 P03 35 4 13
P17 P04 GND GND
RFID Reader 9 P05
34
33
1 RST P06 32
Vcc 2 10 P07
Tx 3 11 P30 MCU 5 12
GND 12 P31 31 GND GND
2

13 P32 EA MOTOR B
R2 14 P33 30 LS1 6 11
10 Kohm 15 P34 ALE Output 2 Output 3
16 P35 BUZZER
17 P36 PSEN 29 7 Input 2 Input 3 10
P37 28 8 9
C1 33 pF 18 P27 27 Vs Enable 2
1

XTAL1 P26 26
Y2 P25 25 VCC(12V) VCC(5V)
C2 11.0592 MHz P24 24
19 P23 23
XTAL2 P22 22
33 pF 20 GND P21 21
P20

Fig. 2: circuit diagram of RFID based metro train ticketing system.

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 RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

IV. THE HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

In RFID based metro train ticketing system we use AT89C52 microcontroller which controls the operation of the lcd display, the
L293D motor driver IC and RFID reader module. Supply voltage for the IC which is of 5V is given through step down
transformer which converts 240V AC supply to 5V which is then passed to rectifiers.

We make use of 16*2 lcd display which indicates the station, entry and exit of the passengers, and the amount of money that
will be deducted for the journey. The L293D IC controls the operation of door motor which opens and closes the door during the
entry and exit of the passengers. We make use of EM-18 RFID reader module which reads the passenger tags and gives input to
the microcontroller which forwards the passenger information to the display. Whenever a card is placed nearby to the reader a
buzzer sound indicates successful reading of that card.

V. THE SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

We use keil compiler to programme the microcontroller AT89C52 which is from the family of 8051 microcontroller. This 40 pin
microcontroller is programmed using c-assembly language. The programme runs the EM-18 RFID reader module, it also runs
the 16*2 display and motor driver IC L293D.

VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This project helps in Restricting unauthorised travelling of passengers in the metro trains. RFID card is immune to any kind
damage due to weather condition. This project also helps in Cashless transaction which is the trend to be followed in the near
future. No queuing is required i.e. to wait in lines for tickets before boarding a train. Passengers can get down at any stations as
required, no predefined stations and money will get deducted accordingly. The system is time efficient since it helps in saving
time for booking tickets. The RFID system creates a system which is capable of mass identification process, precise location data
recorder and easier and faster contactless payment.

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 RFID Based Metro Train Ticketing System
(IJSTE/ Volume 3 / Issue 09 / 125)

VII. CONCLUSION

The paper presents a fully automated, reliable system for ticketing in metro train system. It also facilitates transparent and
convenient mode of ticketing. RFID cards are more reliable as compared to paper ticketing system since the RFID tags are
reusable. The RFID card can be used at any temperatures and any climatic conditions without affecting its performance. The
RFID system facilitates smooth functioning of metro train system by avoiding quarrelling and corruption. The RFID system
provides fare calculation for the distance travelled thereby avoiding any confusion. Besides fare deduction it provides a precise
account of passengers identification which are travelling by metro train. The RFID system provide the control of the door
handling which facilitates the entering and exiting of passengers. This System holds good for other transportation including
transportation of school students thus ensuring safety.

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE

RFID cards and GPS can be interfaced in this system to make transaction and identification very precise. Future extension of this
system can be done with the help of internet of things (IOT). Raspberry Pie can be interfaced in the existing system for further
extension and alterations. With more implementation, this RFID card can be made universal travel pass

REFRENCES
[1] The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded systems by Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Janice Gillispie Mazidi , Pearson Education.
[2] Stephen B. Miles, Sanjay E. Sarma, John R. Williams, RFID Technology and Applications, Cambridge University Press; Reissue edition, April 14, 2011.
[3] Klaus Finkenzeller, RFID Handbook, May 2003, Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John.
[4] http://www.rfidjournal.com

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