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Problem

Problem 1 (China Western Mathematical Olympiad). Cho a1 , a2 , . . . , an l

k
P
cc s thc khng m, Sk = ai vi mi 1 k n. Chng minh
i=1

n
X n
X n
X 2
ai Si a2j (ai Si )
i=1 j=i i=1

Problem 2 (All Russian Olympiad, grade 9). Cho a, b, c, d l cc s dng sao

cho a + b + c + d = 3. Chng minh
1 1 1 1 1
+ 2+ 2+ 2 2 2 2 2
a2 b c d a b c d

Problem 3 (All Russian Olympiad, grade 11). Cho a, b, c, d l cc s dng

sao cho a + b + c + d = 3. Chng minh
1 1 1 1 1
+ 3+ 3+ 3 3 3 3 3
a3 b c d a b c d

Problem 4 (Azerbaijan BMO Team Selection Test). Cho a, b, c l cc s thc

khng m. Chng minh

3(a2 +b2 +c2 ) (a+b+c)( ab+ bc+ ca)+(ab)2 +(bc)2 +(ca)2 (a+b+c)2

Problem 5 (Azerbaijan Junior Mathematical Olympiad). Cho cc s thc

x, y, z. Chng minh

r r r
1 1 1
x2 + 2 + y 2 + 2 + z 2 + 2 3 2
y z x

Problem 6 (Croatia Team Selection Test). Cho n 1 v x1 , . . . , xn 0.

Chng minh
2
 x2 xn  (n + 1) 2
x1 + + ... + (x1 + 2x2 + . . . + nxn ) (x1 + x2 + . . . + xn )
2 n 4n

Problem 7 (EGMO). Cho n l cc s nguyn dng chn, v x1 , x2 , , xn

l cc s thc khng m. Chng minh
min x2i + x2i+1 max {2xj xj+1 }

i=1,...,n j=1,...,n

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vi xn+1 = x1 .

Problem 8 (EGMO Team Selection Test). Chng minh

x4 y + y 4 z + z 4 x + xyz(x3 + y 3 + z 3 ) (x + y + z)(3xyz 1)
vi mi s thc dng x, y, z.

Problem 9 (Korea National Olympiad Final Round). Nu x, y, z tha x2 +

y + z 2 = 1, tm gi tr ln nht ca
2

(x2 yz)(y 2 zx)(z 2 xy)

Problem 10 (Hong Kong Team Selection Test). Cho a, b, c l cc s thc

dng tha abc = 1. Xc nh ga tr nh nht c th ca
a3 + 8 b3 + 8 c3 + 8
+ 3 + 3
a3 (b
+ c) b (a + c) c (b + a)

Problem 11 (IMC 2016). Cho n l s nguyn dng v a1 , a2 , . . . , an , b1 , b2 , . . . , bn

l cc s thc sao cho ai + bi > 0 vi i = 1, 2, . . . , n. Chng minh
n n n
!2
X X X
n
ai bi bi
X ai bi b2i i=1 i=1 i=1
n
i=1
ai + bi X
(ai + bi )
i=1

Problem 12 (India International Mathematical Olympiad Training Camp).

Cho a, b, c, d l cc s thc tha mn |a|, |b|, |c|, |d| > 1 v abc + abd + acd + bcd +
a + b + c + d = 0. Chng minh rng
1 1 1 1
+ + + >0
a1 b1 c1 d1

Problem 13 (India Regional Mathematical Olympiad). Cho a, b, c l cc s

thc dng sao cho a + b + c = 3. Tm ga tr ln nht ca
a b c
+ +
a3 + b2 + c b3 + c2 + a c3 + a2 + b

Problem 14 (India National Math Olympiad, Third Round). Cho a, b, c R+

v abc = 1. Chng minh
a+b b+c c+a 2
+ +
(a + b + 1)2 (b + c + 1)2 (c + a + 1)2 a+b+c

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Problem 15 (Iran Team Selection Test). Cho a, b, c, d l cc s thc dng

sao cho
1 1 1 1
+ + + = 2.
a+1 b+1 c+1 d+1
Chng minh
r r r r
a2 + 1 b2 + 1 c2 + 1 d2 + 1  
+ + + 3 a+ b+ c+ d 8
2 2 2 2

Problem 16 (JBMO Team Selection Test). Chng minh

(x4 + y)(y 4 + z)(z 4 + x) (x + y 2 )(y + z 2 )(z + x2 )
vi cc s thc dng x, y, z sao cho xyz 1.

Problem 17 (JBMO). Cho a, b, c l cc s thc dng. Chng minh

8 8 8 8 8 8
+ + +a2 +b2 +c2 + +
(a + b)2 + 4abc (b + c)2 + 4abc (a + c)2 + 4abc a+3 b+3 c+3

Problem 18 (JBMO Team Selection Test). Cho a, b, c R+ , chng minh

2a 2b 2c p
+ + 3(a + b + c)
3a + b 3b + c 3c + a

Problem 19 (JBMO Team Selection Tests - Romania ). Cho a, b, c > 0 v

abc 1. Chng minh
1 1 1 1
+ +
a3 + 2b3 + 6 b3 + 2c3 + 6 c3 + 2a3 + 6 3

Problem 20 (Junior Balkan Team Selection Tests - Romania). Cho a, b, c l

cc s thc sao cho a b 1 c 0 v a + b + c = 3.
(1) Chng minh 2 ab + bc + ca 3
(2) Chng minh
24 25
+ 14
a3 + b3 + c3 ab + bc + ca

Problem 21 (Korea Winter Program Practice Test). Cho x, y, z 0 l cc s

thc sao cho (x + y 1)2 + (y + z 1)2 + (z + x 1)2 = 27.
Tm gi tr ln nht v nh nht ca x4 + y 4 + z 4

Problem 22 (Macedonian National Olympiad). Cho n 3 v a1 , a2 , ..., an

1 1 1
R+ sao cho 1+a 4 + 1+a4 + ... + 1+a4 = 1. Chng minh rng
1 2 n
n
a1 a2 ...an (n 1) 4

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Problem 23 (Mediterranean Mathematics Olympiad). Cho a, b, c l s thc

dng sao cho a + b + c = 3. Chng minh
r r r r
b c a 34 1
+ +
a2 + 3 b2 + 3 c2 + 3 2 abc

Problem 24 (MEMO). Cho n 2 l s nguyn dng v x1 , x2 , . . . , xn l cc

s thc sao cho
(a) xj > 1 vi j = 1, 2, . . . , n v
(b) x1 + x2 + . . . + xn = n. Chng minh
n n
X 1 X xj

j=1
1 + xj j=1
1 + x2j

Problem 25 (Pan-African Mathematical Olympiad). Cho x, y, z l cc s thc

dng sao cho xyz = 1. Chng minh
1 1 1 1
+ +
(x + 1)2 + y 2 + 1 (y + 1)2 + z 2 + 1 (z + 1)2 + x2 + 1 2

Problem 26 (San Diego Mathematical Olympiad). Cho u, v, w l cc s thc

dng sao cho u vw + v wu + w uv 1. Tm ga tr nh nht ca u + v + w.

Problem 27 (Kiev Team Selection Test - UMO). Cho a, b, c > 0 sao cho
a + b + c = 3, chng minh
a2 b2 c2 3
2
+ 2
+ 2

a+b b+c c+a 2

Problem 28 (Kiev Team Selection Test - UMO). Cho cc s thc dng x, y, z.

Chng minh
x2 y2 z2 (x + y + z)3
+ +
xy + z yz + x xz + y 3(x (y + 1) + y 2 (z + 1) + z 2 (x + 1)
2

Problem 29 (Taiwan Team Selection Test, Second Round). Cho x, y > 0 sao
cho x + y = 1. Chng minh
 
x y x y
+ 2 +
x2 + y 3 x3 + y 2 x + y2 x2 + y

Problem 30 (Taiwan Team Selection Test, Third Round). Cho x, y, z > 0 sao
cho x + y + z = 1. Tm s nh nht k sao cho
x2 y 2 y2 z2 z 2 x2
+ + k 3xyz
1z 1x 1y

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Problem 31 (EGMO Team Selection Test - Turkey). Vi mi x, y, z > 0.

Chng minh
x4 y + y 4 z + z 4 x + xyz(x3 + y 3 + z 3 ) (x + y + z)(3xyz 1)

Problem 32 (Turkey Team Selection Test). Cho a, b, c 0 sao cho a2 + b2 +

2
c 3. Chng minh
(a + b + c)(a + b + c abc) 2(a2 b + b2 c + c2 a)

Problem 33 (Turkmenistan Regional Mathematical Olympiad). Nu a, b, c l

di ba canh ca mt tam gic. Chng minh
r r r
a b c
+ + 3
a + b + c b + c + a c + a + b

Problem 34 (India Regional Mathematical Olympiad). Cho a, b, c > 0 sao cho

a b c
+ + = 1.
1+a 1+b 1+c
Chng minh abc 18 .

Problem 35 (Spain Mathematical Olympiad). Cho n 2 l s nguyn. Tm

gi tr nh nht ca sao cho vi mi s thc dng x1 , x2 , ..., xn vi x1 + x2 +
... + xn = 1 v y1 + y2 + ... + yn = 1 vi 0 y1 , y2 , ..., yn 21 bt ng thc sau
tha
x1 x2 ...xn (x1 y1 + x2 y2 + ... + xn yn )

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