Professional Documents
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Features
The CX-9 is equipped with the AW6AX-EL automatic transaxle. It has the following
features:
6-speed ATX (Automatic TransaXle) manufactured by Aisin Warner, Japan (internal
manufacturer designation is AW31)
Three-shaft transmission with standard planetary gear set and Ravigneaux planetary
gear set connected in series
Three multi-plate clutches, multi-plate brake, band brake and roller type one-way
clutch
Centrifugal balance clutches (similar to those of the FN4A-EL transmission)
TCC (Torque Converter Clutch)
G-rotor type oil pump with bolted-on oil strainer
Cooling system with water-cooled ATF cooler integrated in the radiator, separate air-
cooled ATF cooler and thermo valve
Shift mechanism with mechanically controlled shift-lock system/key interlock system
TCM (Transmission Control Module) with integrated TR (Transmission Range)
sensor and connection to the high-speed CAN bus
Selector lever component with M range switch and up/down switches
TFT sensor (Transmission Fluid Temperature) as an integral part of the internal
transmission wiring harness
Magneto resistive type TSS (Turbine Speed Sensor) and VSS (Vehicle Speed
Sensor)
Control valve body with six duty cycle type solenoid valves and two ON/OFF type
solenoid valves
Starter controlled by the TCM and PCM via starter relay
Back-up light controlled by the TCM via a back-up light relay
Automatic shift mode (similar to that of the FN4A-EL transmission)
Manual shift mode (similar to that of the FN4A-EL transmission)
Predefined shift control modes for special driving conditions (such as adaptive shift
mode, TCC slip mode, garage shift mode, reverse inhibition mode etc.)
MTC_316 05-1
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
Specifications
Item Specification
1GR 4.148
2GR 2.370
3GR 1.555
Gear ratio 4GR 1.154
5GR 0.859
6GR 0.685
Reverse 3.393
Final gear ratio 3.464
Type JWS3309
ATF
Capacity (approx. quantity) L 7.0
Torque converter stall torque ratio 1.97
C1 clutch 7/7
Hydraulic system (number of C2 clutch 4/4
drive/driven plates) C3 clutch 4/4
B2 brake 7/6
Servo diameter (piston outer
Band servo mm 61.3/66.0
diam./retainer outer diam.)
Ring gear 81
Front planetary gear (number of
Sun gear 45
teeth)
Pinion gear 17
Ring gear 72
Middle sun gear 33
Rear planetary gear (number of
Rear sun gear 27
teeth)
Long pinion gear 18
Short pinion gear 17
Counter drive gear (number of teeth) 50
Driven gear 51
Counter gear (number of teeth)
Drive gear 15
Ring gear (number of teeth) 53
05-2 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Overview
30_V1_05001
MTC_316 05-3
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
05-4 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
System Overview
30_V1_05002
MTC_316 05-5
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
Operation Chart
Mode Gear
F1 one-way clutch
Condition position
Shift solenoid A
Shift solenoid B
Engine brake
C1 clutch
C2 clutch
C3 clutch
B1 brake
B2 brake
Shift
P Neutral O O O O
R Less than Reverse
O O O O O
10 km/h
10 km/h or
O O O O O
more
N Neutral O O O O
1GR O O O O O
2GR O O O O
3GR O O O O
4GR O O O O
4GR TCC
lock-up
O O O O O O
ON/TCC
Adaptive slip ON*2
D shift/ 5GR O O O O
Normal *1
5GR TCC
lock-up
O O O O O O
ON/TCC
slip ON*2
6GR O O O O
6GR TCC
lock-up O O O O O O
ON*3
05-6 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Mode Gear
F1 one-way clutch
Condition position
Shift solenoid A
Shift solenoid B
Engine brake
C1 clutch
C2 clutch
C3 clutch
B1 brake
B2 brake
Shift
1GR O O O O O O O O O
2GR O O O O
3GR O O O O
4GR O O O O
M MANUAL 5GR O O O O
6GR O O O O
6GR TCC
lock-up O O O O O O
ON
MTC_316 05-7
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
30_V1_05003
1 Pressure inspection port for D/M range 2 Pressure inspection port for R position
05-8 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Cooling System
The AW6AX-EL transmission is equipped with a water-cooled ATF cooler integrated in
the radiator and a separate air-cooled ATF cooler. A thermo valve controls the oil flow
through both ATF coolers and hence the temperature of the ATF. The valve is located on
the transmission housing and creates a bypass between the oil feed line and the oil
return line to and from the ATF coolers. The thermo valve consists of an expansion
element and a spring.
30_V1_05004
MTC_316 05-9
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
When the ATF is cold, the thermo valve opens the bypass between the oil feed line and
the oil return line. As a result, most ATF passes through the bypass and returns to the
ATX without flowing through the ATF coolers (small circuit). This ensures that the ATX
reaches its operating temperature as quickly as possible.
When the ATF temperature reaches approx. 60C, the thermo valve closes the bypass
between the oil feed line and the oil return line. As a result, all the ATF flows through the
ATF coolers (big circuit). In this way, the optimum ATF temperature is maintained and
overheating of the ATX is prevented.
30_V1_05005
05-10 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Shift Mechanism
On the AW6AX-EL transmission the shift mechanism features a mechanically-operated
shift-lock system/key interlock system. The lock unit at the brake pedal bracket controls
the operation of the shift-lock system/key interlock system via two interlock cables.
30_V1_05006
MTC_316 05-11
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
30_V1_05007
05-12 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Wiring Diagram
30_V1_05008
MTC_316 05-13
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
05-14 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Relationship Chart
Control item
Engine
Component TCC lock- Reverse On-board
Automatic Adaptive Manual Garage transaxle
up/TCC inhibition diagnostic
shift mode shift mode shift mode shift mode total
slip mode mode function
control
Input
M range
x x
switch
Up switch x x
Down switch x x
TR sensor x x x x
APP sensor x x x x
TSS x x x x x x
VSS x x x x x x x
Brake switch x x x
TFT sensor x x x x
CHT sensor x x x
CKP sensor x x x x
MAF sensor x x x
Output
Shift solenoid
x x x x
A
Shift solenoid
x x x x
B
Shift control
x x x x x
solenoid C
Shift control
x x x x
solenoid D
Shift control
x x x x x x
solenoid E
Shift control
x x x x
solenoid F
Line pressure
control x x x x x
solenoid
TCC control
x x x x x
solenoid
AT warning
x x x x
light
MTC_316 05-15
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
The TCM with integrated TR sensor is located on top of the transmission housing and is
connected to the high-speed CAN bus.
30_V1_05009
1 TCM 2 TR sensor
05-16 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Since the TCM is directly connected to the internal transmission wiring harness, it is not
possible to measure the signals of the electronic components inside the transmission
housing with a voltmeter or an oscilloscope. However, certain components can be
checked with an ohmmeter when the TCM is removed.
30_V1_05010
MTC_316 05-17
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
The TR sensor is integrated in the TCM, and consists of a hall element integrated in the
stator and a magnetic rotor joint to the selector shaft.
When the selector lever is moved, the magnetic rotor rotates and generates a voltage in
the hall element. As the hall voltage is very low, it is amplified in the sensor and input to
the TCM.
30_V1_05011
05-18 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
The TR sensor supplies the TCM with an analogue voltage signal between 15 V.
30_V1_05012
MTC_316 05-19
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
When removing the TCM care must be taken that no water or foreign material enters the
connector of the internal transmission wiring harness. Otherwise poor connection or
corrosion can occur inside the connector, causing malfunctions.
Before installing the TCM make sure that the selector shaft is in N position, and that the
positioning marks on the revolving portion of the TR sensor and on the module housing
are aligned.
NOTE: Do not turn the revolving portion of the TR sensor more than 60 to each side
(relating to the positioning mark on the TCM housing), as otherwise the sensor will
be damaged.
30_V1_05013
1 Positioning mark on the revolving portion 2 Positioning mark on the TCM housing
of the TR sensor
05-20 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
When installing the TCM make sure that the module, the internal transmission wiring
harness connector and the transmission housing are aligned.
30_V1_05014
When replacing the TCM, or re-installing the TCM after replacing the ATX, neutral
position learning must be performed. To do this, connect M-MDS to the vehicle, select
the option Toolbox Powertrain Transmission Transmission Learning and
follow the instructions on the screen.
When Operation Successful is displayed, move the selector lever to P position and turn
the ignition switch to the LOCK position, then back to the ON position after 5 s.
If Reinstall TCM properly and then try again is displayed, perform the following
inspection:
Verify that the positioning marks on the revolving portion of the TR sensor and on the
TCM housing are aligned, when the selector shaft is in N position.
Verify that the selector cable is adjusted correctly.
Inspect the manual shaft lever for deformation.
Finally, move the selector lever to the positions P, R, N, D, and verify that the positions
of the selector lever and the selector indicator in the instrument cluster are aligned.
MTC_316 05-21
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
30_V1_05015
The M range switch and the up/down switches are ON/OFF type switches. When the
selector lever is moved to M range or to the up/down position, the corresponding switch
closes and sends a ground signal to the TCM.
05-22 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
30_V1_05016
The TFT sensor is a temperature-sensitive resistor with NTC , i.e. the resistance
decreases when the temperature rises.
The sensor supplies the TCM with an analogue voltage signal between 05 V. The
output voltage is inverse proportional to the ATF temperature, i.e. the higher the
temperature the lower the voltage.
MTC_316 05-23
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
30_V1_05017
The TSS sensor is a magneto resistive-type sensor. It consists of two magneto resistive
elements and a magnet, which scan a pulse wheel connected to the C2 clutch drum.
The magneto resistive elements have the characteristics that their resistance varies
depending on the magnetic flux. When the pulse wheel passes the sensor, an alternating
magnetic field is generated that changes the resistance of the magneto resistive
elements. An integrated circuit converts the output voltage of the magneto resistive
elements into a rectangular wave signal, which is then input to the TCM.
05-24 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
30_V1_05018
The VSS sensor is a magneto resistive-type sensor. It consists of two magneto resistive
elements and a magnet, which scan the counter drive gear.
The operation is similar to that of the TSS.
MTC_316 05-25
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
30_V1_05019
05-26 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Shift Solenoid A, B
The shift solenoid valves A, B are ON/OFF type solenoid valves, and consist of a coil
and a spring-loaded spool valve. Both solenoid valves control the hydraulic pressure
acting on the multi-plate brake B2.
When the solenoid valve is de-energized by the TCM, the drain port is opened and the
hydraulic pressure acting on the component is released to the transmission housing.
When the solenoid valve is energized by the TCM, the drain port is closed and hydraulic
pressure is applied to the component.
NOTE: In case of an open circuit the shift solenoid valves A, B adopt in a position in which
the drain port is open. As a result, no hydraulic pressure is applied to the component.
30_V1_05020
MTC_316 05-27
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
The line pressure control solenoid valve and the shift control solenoid valves C, D, E, F
are duty cycle type solenoid valves, and consist of a coil and a spring-loaded spool
valve.
The shift table below describes the components controlled by the shift control solenoid
valves C, D, E, F:
When the solenoid valve is de-energized by the TCM, the drain port is closed and
hydraulic pressure is applied to the component. When the solenoid valve is energized by
the TCM, the drain port is opened and the hydraulic pressure acting on the component is
released to the transmission housing.
The current flowing through the coil of the solenoid valve and hence the position of the
spool valve varies depending on the duty signal from the TCM. The hydraulic pressure is
inverse proportional to the duty ratio, i.e. the larger the duty ratio the lower the hydraulic
pressure acting on the component.
NOTE: In case of an open circuit the line pressure control solenoid valve and the shift
control solenoid valves C, D, E, F adopt in a position in which the drain port is
closed. As a result, the full hydraulic pressure is applied to the component.
05-28 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
30_V1_05021
MTC_316 05-29
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
The TCC control solenoid valve is a duty cycle type solenoid valve, and consists of a coil
and a spring-loaded spool valve.
When the solenoid valve is de-energized by the TCM, the drain port is opened and the
hydraulic pressure acting on the component is released to the transmission housing.
When the solenoid valve is energized by the TCM, the drain port is closed and hydraulic
pressure is applied to the component.
The current flowing through the coil of the solenoid valve and hence the position of the
spool valve varies depending on the duty signal from the TCM. The hydraulic pressure is
proportional to the duty ratio, i.e. the larger the duty ratio the higher the hydraulic
pressure acting on the component.
NOTE: In case of an open circuit the TCC control solenoid valve adopts in a position in
which the drain port is open. As a result, no hydraulic pressure is applied to the
component.
30_V1_05022
05-30 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
30_V1_05024
1 Battery 5 TCM
2 Main fuse block 6 Back-up light (passenger side)
3 Ignition switch 7 Back-up light (driver side)
4 Fuse block 8 Back-up light relay
MTC_316 05-31
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
Under low vehicle speed low load conditions, the TCM controls the TCC control
solenoid valve in a way that the TCC operates with a defined slip. As a result, the TCC
operation range is extended accordingly, reducing the power loss in the torque converter
and hence the fuel consumption.
The slip rate varies depending on the hydraulic pressure acting on the TCC, which in
turn depends on the duty signal from the TCM to the TCC control solenoid valve. The
TCM permanently compares the engine speed signal to the TSS signal to determine the
current slip rate.
NOTE: Since the load on the ATF is increased due to the higher oil temperature in TCC slip
mode, ATF type JWS3309 must be used to maintain the performance and the
durability of the ATX over the service life of the vehicle.
In TCC slip mode as well as in full lock-up mode the TCC is applied in 4th, 5th and 6th
gear.
05-32 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
30_V1_05025
When the selector lever is moved from position P or N to D range after engine start, the
TCM reduces the hydraulic pressure applied to the C1 clutch via the shift control
solenoid valve C, preventing shift shocks when shifting to 1st gear.
The same strategy is applied when the selector lever is moved from position P or N to R
position after engine start. In this case, the hydraulic pressure applied to the C3 clutch is
reduced via the shift control solenoid valve E.
MTC_316 05-33
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
When the selector lever is moved to R range while the vehicle is driving forward at
10 km/h or more, the TCM energizes the shift control solenoid valve E, releasing the
hydraulic pressure acting on the C3 clutch. As a result, the transmission does not shift
into reverse gear, preventing wheel lock-up and damage to the ATX.
Fail-safe Mode
In case of a severe malfunction the TCM will de-activate all solenoid valves and shifting
will be controlled via the manual selector valve only, i.e. all gearshifts are performed
purely hydraulically. As a result, the vehicle can still be driven, but with the following
restrictions:
Maximum line pressure
3rd gear in selector lever position D/M without TCC (5th gear in case of a malfunction
on shift control solenoid valve C)
Reverse gear in selector lever position R
In order to prevent over-revving of the engine due to activation of the fail-safe mode (e.g.
caused by downshifting from 6th gear to 3rd gear when driving in D/M range at high
speed), the gearshifts in fail-safe mode are performed stepwise, taking into account the
current driving conditions. For example, in the present case the 6th gear is maintained
until the vehicle is stopped, and then the 3rd gear is shifted.
05-34 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Self Test
The Self Test function allows the DTCs of the ATX control system to be displayed. To do
this, connect M-MDS to the vehicle and select the option
Toolbox Self Test Modules TCM.
PID Monitor
The PID Monitor function allows the PIDs of the ATX control system to be monitored. To
do this, connect M-MDS to the vehicle and select the option
Toolbox Datalogger Modules TCM.
MTC_316 05-35
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
05-36 MTC_316
AW6AX-EL Transmission/Transaxle
Simulation Test
The Simulation Test function allows certain PIDs of the ATX control system to be
activated. To do this, connect M-MDS to the vehicle and select the option
Toolbox Datalogger Modules TCM.
Unit/ Operation
PID Applicable component
Condition IG ON Idle
LPS Line pressure control solenoid valve A N/A X
SSA Shift solenoid valve A ON/OFF N/A X
SSB Shift solenoid valve B ON/OFF N/A X
SSC Shift control solenoid valve C A N/A X
SSD Shift control solenoid valve D A N/A X
SSE Shift control solenoid valve E A N/A X
SSF Shift control solenoid valve F A N/A X
TCCC TCC control solenoid valve A N/A X
MTC_316 05-37
Transmission/Transaxle AW6AX-EL
Notes:
05-38 MTC_316