Ubuntu 14.

04 LTS Server Installation 1

HOLY ANGEL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Topic Ubuntu Server Installation

Laboratory # M1
To create a virtual machine (VM)
Objectives
To install Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on a VM

Group No. : Date Submitted :

Members :

Grade : College Faculty : Engr. Lucky Padilla

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I. INTRODUCTION

Virtualbox

When dealing with virtualization, it helps to acquaint oneself with a bit of crucial terminology, especially the following terms:

Host operating system (host OS)

This is the operating system of the physical computer on which VirtualBox was installed. There are versions of VirtualBox for
Windows, Mac OS X, Linux and Solaris hosts. There may be platform-specific differences which we will point out where
appropriate.

Guest operating system (guest OS)

This is the operating system that is running inside the virtual machine. Theoretically, VirtualBox can run any x86 operating
system (DOS, Windows, OS/2, FreeBSD, OpenBSD), but to achieve near-native performance of the guest code on your
machine, we had to go through a lot of optimizations that are specific to certain operating systems. So while your favorite
operating system may run as a guest, we officially support and optimize for a select few (which, however, include the most
common ones).

Virtual machine (VM)

This is the special environment that VirtualBox creates for your guest operating system while it is running. In other words,
you run your guest operating system "in" a VM. Normally, a VM will be shown as a window on your computer's desktop, but
depending on which of the various frontends of VirtualBox you use, it can be displayed in full screen mode or remotely on
another computer.

In a more abstract way, internally, VirtualBox thinks of a VM as a set of parameters that determine its behavior. They include
hardware settings (how much memory the VM should have, what hard disks VirtualBox should virtualize through which
container files, what CDs are mounted etc.) as well as state information (whether the VM is currently running, saved, its
snapshots etc.). These settings are mirrored in the VirtualBox Manager window as well as the VBoxManage command line
program; see Chapter 8, VBoxManage. In other words, a VM is also what you can see in its settings dialog.

Guest Additions

This refers to special software packages which are shipped with VirtualBox but designed to be installed inside a VM to
improve performance of the guest OS and to add extra features. This is described in detail in Chapter 4, Guest Additions.
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Virtual Networking

Network Address Translation (NAT)

If all you want is to browse the Web, download files and view e-mail inside the guest, then this default mode should be
sufficient for you, and you can safely skip the rest of this section.

Bridged networking

This is for more advanced networking needs such as network simulations and running servers in a guest. When enabled,
VirtualBox connects to one of your installed network cards and exchanges network packets directly, circumventing your host
operating system's network stack.

Internal networking

This can be used to create a different kind of software-based network which is visible to selected virtual machines, but not
to applications running on the host or to the outside world.

Host-only networking

This can be used to create a network containing the host and a set of virtual machines, without the need for the host's
physical network interface. Instead, a virtual network interface (similar to a loopback interface) is created on the host,
providing connectivity among virtual machines and the host.
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Ubuntu Server

System Requirements

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (End of life date is April 2019) Server Edition supports three (3) major architectures: Intel x86, AMD64 and ARM. The
table below lists recommended hardware specifications.

Hard Drive Space

Install Type CPU RAM Base System All Tasks Installed

Server(Standard) 1 GHz 512 MB 1 GB 1.75 GB

Server (Minimal) 300 MHz 192 MB 700 MB 1.4 GB

The Server Edition provides a common base for all sorts of server applications. It is a minimalist design providing a platform for the desired
services, such as file/print services, web hosting, email hosting, etc.

Server and Desktop Differences

There are a few differences between the Ubuntu Server Edition and the Ubuntu Desktop Edition. It should be noted that both editions use
the same apt repositories, making it just as easy to install a server application on the Desktop Edition as it is on the Server Edition.

The differences between the two editions are the lack of an X window environment in the Server Edition, the installation process, and
different Kernel options.

Kernel Differences

Ubuntu version 10.10 and prior, actually had different kernels for the server and desktop editions. Ubuntu no longer has separate -server
and -generic kernel flavors. These have been merged into a single -generic kernel flavor to help reduce the maintenance burden over the
life of the release.

Note: When running a 64-bit version of Ubuntu on 64-bit processors you are not limited by memory addressing space.
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II. NETWORK DIAGRAM

Host Operating System

Virtual Machine

Guest Operating System

HOSTNAME : SRVUBT14046401
IP ADDRESS : 192.168.0.21 /24
GATEWAY : 192.168.0.254
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III. PROCEDURES

Creating a Virtual Machine SRVUBT14046401

1. To create SRVUBT14046401 VM, start VirtualBox. In the toolbar, click the New button. The New Virtual Machine
Wizard is displayed in a new window.

2. Click the Next button to move through the various steps of the wizard. The wizard enables you to configure the
basic details of the virtual machine.

3. On the VM Name and OS Type step, enter

Name SRVUBT14046401
Type Linux
Version Ubuntu

It is important to select the correct operating system and version as this determines the default settings for
VirtualBox uses for the virtual machine. The settings can be change later after the virtual machine has been created.
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4. On the Memory step, simply accept the default. This is the amount of host memory (RAM) that VirtualBox assigns
to the virtual machine when it runs.

5. On the Virtual Hard Disk step, select Create new hard disk and click Next. The Virtual Disk Creation Wizard is
displayed in a new window so you can create the new virtual disk.
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6. On the following steps, select VDMK (Virtual Machine Image you can open this file on VMware Player and
VMware Workstation) as the file type, dynamically allocated as the storage details, and accept the defaults for the
virtual disk file location. As for size make it 50 GB, and then click Create to create the virtual disk.
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7. When the virtual disk is created, the Virtual Disk Creation Wizard is closed and you are returned to the Summary
step of the New Virtual Machine Wizard.
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Installing Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS on SRVUBT14046401 VM

1. To install Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS in the virtual machine, make sure the virtual machine can access the installation
media. To do this, edit the virtual machine settings. In Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager, select the virtual machine
and then in the toolbar click the Settings button. The Settings window is displayed. In the navigation on the left,
select Storage. Click the CD/DVD icon next to the CD/DVD Drive drop-down list and select Choose CD/DVD virtual
file. The location of ISO is in G:\OPSYSLAB\ISO

Click OK to apply the storage settings. The Settings window is closed

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2. In Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager, select the virtual machine and click the Start button in the toolbar. A new window
is displayed, which shows the virtual machine booting up. At the boot prompt you will be asked to select a language.
Choose English.

3. From the main boot menu there are some additional options to install Ubuntu Server Edition. You can install a basic
Ubuntu Server, check the CD-ROM for defects, check the system's RAM, boot from first hard disk, or rescue a broken
system. For the purpose of this lab, select Install Ubuntu Server.
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4. For the installation process and location, choose English and Philippines respectively.
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5. Next, the installation process begins by asking for your keyboard layout. Select it manually from a list and choose
English US.
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6. The installer then discovers your hardware configuration, and configures the network settings using DHCP. Next,
the installer asks for the system's hostname, real name, username. This user will have root access through the sudo
utility.

hostname SRVUBT14046401
real name testadmin
username testadmin
password P@$$w0rd
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7. Select No, not to configure home directory for encryption and Choose Yes, for physical location Asia/Manila
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8. Choose Guided use entire disk and set up LVM.

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9. Leave blank for none HTTP proxy settings.

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10. Select No automatic Updates.

No automatic updates: this requires an administrator to log into the machine and manually install
updates.
Install security updates automatically: this will install the unattended-upgrades package, which will install
security updates without the intervention of an administrator.
Manage the system with Landscape: Landscape is a paid service provided by Canonical to help manage
your Ubuntu machines. See the Landscape 4 site for details.
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11. Enter login name testadmin and password P@$$w0rd.

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12. Update all the packages by issuing these commands

testadmin2@SRVUBT14046401:~$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

13. Take a snapshot and name it as Fresh Installed Server.

14. Shutdown SRVUBT12043201 VM using the command

testadmin2@SRVUBT14046401:~$ sudo halt -p

15. To back up the VM, go to File > Export Appliance or use CRTL+E. Save the exported VM to your external portable
hard drive.
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IV. LABORATORY QUESTIONS

1. Mary has a Java application that she'd like to distribute as a virtual machine appliance image (ovf or ova) for
VMware, XenServer, and VirtualBox using Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. The image would include the operating system itself,
required OS packages, and her Java application, all pre-configured and ready-to-run when powered on.

What's the best way to create OVF and OVA files?

2. John is trying to upgrade an old 32-bit version of Ubuntu server to 64-bit Ubuntu-server-14.04. However, there is
a large amount of data under /home (1.4 TB) which he doesnt want to lose. Nor do he prefer to make a hard back
up (takes ages + should arrange for resources!). He is using a bootable USB to install 14.04. He is not really sure
how to proceed at 'Partition disks' stage of the installation to achieve what he needs.

3. Joseph did a clean install of VirtualBox 5 on a clean install of Windows 10 (official release). After the creation of
host-only adapters with the Virtualbox, all newly created interfaces disappear when reopening the network
preferences dialog. It also impossible to assign host-only adapters to existing VMs. The adapters do appear in
Windows Device manager though. What is best way to resolve this issue?
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V. REMARKS AND CONCLUSIONS