Efecto triple hacia adelante

Un evaporador de efecto triple con alimentacin hacia adelante esta evaporando una
solucin de azcar desde 5% a 40% de slidos, se est usando vapor de agua saturado a
205kpa. La presin en el espacio del vapor del tercer efecto es de 13.65kpa. La velocidad
de alimentacin alcanza 12000 Kg/hr. y la temperatura es de 300K, la capacidad calorfica
del lquido puede calcularse mediante la siguiente expresin: cp= 4.19-2.35 X, donde el cp
est en KJ/KgK y X es la fraccin en peso. Los coeficientes de transferencia de calor son
U1 = 3200, U2 = 2050, U3= 1150 W/m2K. Calcular las reas de cada uno de los efectos
cuando todos ellos tienen la misma rea. Calcular el suministro de vapor de agua para el
calentamiento y la economa de vapor global y por efecto. (Suponga que no hay elevacin
del punto de ebullicin).

V1 V2 V3
F= 12000 Kg/h
XF= 0.05
TF=300 K

XL3= 0.40
PL3=13.65kpa

F L1 L2
L3

PS= 2015 kpa

SC V1C V2C
CP= = 4.19-2.35 X
CPF= = 4.19-2.35 (0.05)
CPF= 4.0725 kJ/kg K
U1 = 3200 W/m2K.
U2 = 2050 W/m2K.
U3= 1150 W/m2K.

Balance de calor

1. FcpF (T1-TF) + V1(HV1-hv1) = S(HS-hs)

2. L1cpL1 (T2-T1) + V2(HV2-hv2) = V1 (HV1-hV1)
3. L2cpL2 (T3-T2) + V3(HV3-hv3) = V2 (HV2-hV2)

Balance de masa

FxF= L3xL3
(12000)(0.05) = L3 (0.40)
L3=1500 kg/h
V3= F+ L3
V3= 12000+ 1500
V3= 10500 kg/h
F= V1+V2+V3+ L3
10500
V1= V2= V3= = 3500 kg/h
3

1. F= V1+ L1
L1= F- V1
L1= 12000- 3500 = 8500 kg/h
FxF = L1xL1
(12000)(0.05) = (8500) xL1
xL1= 0.0706
CP1= 4.19-2.35 (0.0706) = 4.0725 kJ/kg K
 2. L1= V2+ L2
L2= L1 V2
L1= 8500- 3500 = 5000 kg/h
L1xL1= L2xL2
(8500)(0.0706) = (5000) xL2
xL2= 0.12
CP2= 4.19-2.35 (0.12) = 3.908 kJ/kg K

3. L2= V3+ L3
L3= L2 V3
L3= 5000 - 3500= 1500 kg/h
L2xL2= L3xL3
(5000)(0.12)= (5000) xL3
xL3= 0.40
CP3= 4.19-2.35 (0.40) = 3.25 kJ/kg K

Relaciones
1. F= V1+ L1
12000 = V1+ L1
V1= 12000 - L1

2. L1= V2+ L2
V2 = L1- L2

3. L2= V3+ L3
L2= V3+ 1500
V3= L2- 1500
TT=TS T1
TT= 120.96 51.91
T= 69.05
TT= T1+T2+T3

1
U1
T1 = TT 1 1 1
+
U1 U2 U3
+

1
3200
T1 = 69.05 1 1 1
= 12.92
+ +
3200 2050 1150

1
U2
T2 = TT 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 U3

1
2050
T2 = 69.05 1 1 1 = 20.17
+ +
3200 2050 1150

1
U3
T3 = TT 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 U3

1
1150
T3 = 69.05 1 1 1
= 35.96
+ +
3200 2050 1150

T1=TS T1
T1= TS - T1

T1= 120.96 - 12.92 = 108.04

T2=T1 T2
T2= T1 - T2

T2= 108.04 - 20.17= 87.87

T3=T2 T3
T3= T2 - T3

T3= 87.87- 35.96 = 51.91

Flujos Relaciones Concentraciones CP T H h

F 12000 0.05 4.0725 26.85
S 120.96 2707.68 507.8 2199.88

V1 12000 - L1 108.04 2688.48 453.01 2235.47

V2 L1- L2 87.87 2656.61 367.97 2288.64

V3 L2- 1500 51.91 2595.46 217.31 2378.15
L1 0.0706 4.0241
L2 0.12 3.908
L3 0.40 3.25

2. L1cpL1 (T2-T1) + V2(HV2-hv2) = V1 (HV1-hV1)

L1 (4.0241) (87.87 - 108.04) + (L1- L2) (2288.64) = (12000- L1) (2235.47)

-81.47 L1+2288.64 L1- 2288.64 L2 = 26825640 - 2235.47 L1

4442.94 L1- 2288.64 L2= 26825640

3. L2cpL2 (T3-T2) + V3(HV3-hv3) = V2 (HV2-hV2)

L2 (3.908) (51.91- 87.87) + (L2- 1500) (2378.15) = (L1- L2) (2288.64)

-140.53L2 + 2378.15 L2-3567225 = 2288.64 L1- 2288.64 L2

-2288.64 L1+ 4526.26 L2 = 3567225

4442.94 L1 2288.64 L2 = 26825640
2288.64 L1 + 4526.26 L2 = 3567225

14872028.55 L1= 1.2958*1011

L1= 8713.23 kg/h

L2= 5193.84 kg/h

1. FcpF (T1-TF) + V1(HV1-hv1) = S(HS-hs)

(12000) (4.0725) (108.04- 26.85) + (12000- 8713.26) (2235.47) = S (2199.88)

S = 5143.54 kg/h

Q1=S S=U1A1T1

1000
Q1= 5143.54 (2199.88) = 11315170.78 * * = 3143102.99 W
3600

1 3143102.99
A1= = (3200 )(394.11 =76.02 m2
1 1 381.19)

Q2= V1 V1=U2A2T2

1000
Q2= (12000 - 8713.23) (2235.47) = 7347475.73 * * = 2040965.48 W
3600

2 2040965.48
A2= = (2050)(381.19361.02) =49.36 m2
2 2

Q3= V2 V2=U3A3T3

1000
Q3= (8713.23 - 5193.84) (2288.64) = 8054616.73 * * = 2237393.54 W
3600

3 2237393.54
A3= = (1150)(361.02325.06) = 54.10m2
3 3
A1= 76.02
A2= 49.36
A3= 54.10
Am = 179.48 /3= 59.83

T1 1 (12.92)(76.02)
T1= = = 16.42
59.83

T2 2 (20.17)(49.36)
T2= = = 16.64
59.83

T3 3 (35.96)(54.10)
T3= = = 32.52
59.83
= 65.58

65.58________3.47

16.42________X

T1 16.42 + 0.87 = 17.29

T2 16.64 + 0.88 = 17.52
T3 32.52 + 1.72 = 34.24
= 69.05

1. FxF = L1xL1
(12000)(0.05) = 8713.23 xL1
xL1= 0. 0689
CP1= 4.19-2.35 (0. 0689) = 4.03 kJ/kg K

2. L1xL1= L2xL2
(8500)(0.0689) = (5193.84) xL2
xL2= 0.1156
CP2= 4.19-2.35 (0.1156) = 3.92 kJ/kg K
T1= TS T1
T1= TS - T1

T1= 120.96 - 16.42 = 103.67

T2= T1 T2
T2= T1 - T2

T2= 103.67 - 16.64 = 86.15

T3 =T2 T3
T3= T2 - T3

T3= 86.15 - 32.52 = 51.91

Flujos Relaciones Concentraciones CP T H h

F 12000 0.05 4.0725 26.85
S 120.96 2707.68 507.8 2199.88

V1 12000 - L1 103.67 2681.75 434.53 2247.22

V2 L1- L2 86.15 2653.79 360.73 2293.06

V3 L2- 1500 51.91 2595.46 217.31 2378.15
L1 0. 0689 4.03
L2 0.1156 3.92
L3 0.40 3.25

2. L1cpL1 (T2-T1) + V2(HV2-hv2) = V1 (HV1-hV1)

L1 (4.03) (86.15 - 103.67) + (L1- L2) (2293.06) = (12000- L1) (2247.22)

-70.61 L1+ 2293.06 L1- 2293.06 L2 = 26966640 2247.22 L1

4469.67 L1- 2293.06 L2= 26966640

 3. L2cpL2 (T3-T2) + V3(HV3-hv3) = V2 (HV2-hV2)

L2 (3.92) (51.91- 86.15) + (L2- 1500) (2378.15) = (L1- L2) (2293.06)

-134.2208 L2 + 2378.15 L2- 3567225 = 2293.06 L1- 2293.06 L2

-2293.06 L1+ 4536.9892 L2 = 3567225

4469.67 L1 2293.06 L2 = 2966640

2293.06 L1 + 4536.9892 L2 = 3567225

15020720.35 L2= 7.7780*1010

L2 = 5178.18 kg/h

L1= 8689.80 kg/h

1. FcpF (T1-TF) + V1(HV1-hv1) = S(HS-hs)

(12000) (4.0725) (103.67 - 26.85) + (12000- 8689.80) (2247.22) = S (2199.88)

S = 5087.98 kg/h

Q1=S S=U1A1T1

1000
Q1= 5087.98 (2199.88) = 11192945.44 * * = 3109151.51 W
3600

1 3109151.51
A1= = (3200 )(394.11 = 56.19 m2
1 1 376.82)

Q2= V1 V1=U2A2T2

1000
Q2= (12000 - 8689.80) (2247.22) = 7438747.64 * * = 2066318.79 W
3600

2 2066318.79
A2= = (2050)(376.82 = 57.53 m2
2 2 359.3)
Q3= V2 V2=U3A3T3

1000
Q3= (8689.80 5178.18) (2293.06) = 8052355.36 * * = 2236765.377 W
3600

3 2236765.377
A3= = (1150)(359.3 = 56.81 m2
3 3 325.06)