Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Water seepage through window Poor workmanship during To review the design to ensure
frame fabrications and installation suitable drainage paths exist
of frames and gaskets with sufficient ventilation and
internal air seals in the
Poor detailing of top frame window frames
To ensure no physical
damages to the frames and
gaskets
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Common Defects Possible Causes Recommendations
(A) Functionality
2. Water seepage through joints Poor tolerances of wall To shield the window from
between window frame and wall openings direct rainfall through better
design
Poor workmanship during
grouting/ sealing of gaps To use precast walls for better
dimensional tolerances and
finishing
sealant
3. Difficulty in opening and Misalignment of frames and To verify the alignment and
closing of glass panel glass panels plumb of the outer frames and
(for casement window) inner panels
Improper installation of
friction stays and pivot hinges To check the physical
conditions of friction stays
Improper protection resulting
in debris ingress to friction To lubricate the pivot hinges
stay track
To clear track off all debris
4. Difficulty in sliding of inner Improper alignment of frames To verify the alignment of the
panel (for sliding window) and inner panels outer frames and inner panels
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Common Defects Possible Causes Recommendations
(B) Alignment & Evenness
1. Misalignment Improper setting out of wall To check that the setting out
openings of wall opening conform to
specifications
Improper alignment and
Uneven gaps plumb of window frame To verify the alignment and
during installation plumb of window frame
during installation
1. Untidy joints between window Poor workmanship during To protect the frame with
frame and wall installation suitable tapes during
application of sealant or
during painting
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Common Defects Possible Causes Recommendations
(D) Materials & Damages
4. Physical damages and scratches Inadequate protection during To inspect the component
on frame and glazing fabrication, delivery, storage before delivery and prior to
and installation installation
To minimize unnecessary
handling during delivery,
storage and installation
To provide adequate
protection to frames and
glazing. Protection should be
kept in tact until all works are
completed
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Common Defects Possible Causes Recommendations
(E) Accessories Defects
1. Loose or improperly installed Use of gaskets with To check that gasket size and
gaskets incompatible profile profile are compatible to the
frame
Use of gaskets with
inadequate length To ensure that sufficient
length of gasket is used
Poor workmanship during
installation To ensure proper
workmanship during
installation, especially at the
corners
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