ME2560 Statics Chapter I

ME2560 Statics Fall 2014
ME 2560 STATICS
Chapter I. General Principles
1
1. Mechanics
Mechanics is the branch of physics (classic) that studies
the state of rest or motion of bodies subjected to the action
of forces.
Rigidbody Mechanics
Mechanics
Deformablebody Mechanics
Fluid Mechanics
Statics. Studies the equilibrium of

bodies (at rest or moving at V=cosnt)
Rigidbody
Mechanics
Dynamics. Studies the motion of
accelerated bodies
2
2. Fundamental Concepts
Basic Quantities are quantities which cannot be defined by
other quantities because there is nothing more fundamental.
TABLE 1.1 Fundamental quantities defined by the
International System of Units (SI)
Quantity Unit Description
Length Meter (m) Quantity required to locate the position of a point in space
Mass Kilogram (kg) Property of a physical object that quantifies the amount of matter
Time Second (s) Time is conceived as a succession of events
Electric current Ampere (A) Flow of electric charge
Temperature Kelvin (k) Measure of the average energy contained in the microscopic degrees
of freedom of a system
Amount of Mole (mol) Number of particles in a given amount of matter

substance
Luminous Candela (Cd) Measure of the wavelengthweighted power emitted by a light

intensity source in a particular direction
3
Idealizations. Due to the enormous complexity of real systems it

is necessary to implement idealized models that resemble
adequately the actual system.
Particle. A particle has mass but negligible size. Thus, the

geometry of the body becomes irrelevant.
Rigid Body. A body can be considered as a combination of a large

number of particles, in which all the particles remain at a fixed
distance from each other both before and after applying a load.
Concentrated Force. A concentrated force represents the effect of a

loading which is assumed to act at a point on a body.
4
Newtons Laws of Motion. The mechanics of a rigidbody is

governed by the three laws of motion introduced by Newton.
First Law. A particle originally at rest, or moving in a straight line

with constant velocity will remain in this state provided the
particle is not subjected to an unbalance force.
Second Law. A particle subjected to an unbalanced force F

experiences an acceleration a that has the same direction as the
force and a magnitude that is directly proportional to the force.
F=ma
Third Law. The mutual forces of action and reaction between two
particles are equal, opposite and collinear.
5
Newtons Law of Gravitational Attraction - Weight is the effect of

the force of attraction exerted by the earth on every body on or
near its surface. The weight (W) of a body is
W = mg
m Mass of the body.
g Acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2 or 32.2 ft/s2).
6
3. Units of Measurement
Systems and Fundamental Units
kg mass slug mass

International English
System (SI) m length system ft length
(USC)
s Time s Time
Derived Units. Derived units result of the combination of fundamental

units. When a quantity is defined in terms of some fundamental
quantities, its units will be also defined in terms of fundamental units.
For example, the velocity of a moving object is defined as the distance
traveled by that object in a given time; therefore the units for velocity
are m/s.
7
Units for Force. According to Newtons Second Law
F = m a [kg m/s2] F = m a [slug ft/s2]

kg m/s2 N (newton) slug ft/s2 lbf (pound force)
Conversion Factors:
1 ft 0.3048 m
1 slug 14.5938 kg
slug ft 14.5938 kg 0.3048 m

1 lb = 1 2
= 4.4482 N
s 1 slug 1 ft
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4. Prefixes
Exponential
Form Prefix SI Symbol
Multiple
1 000 000 000 109 giga G
1 000 000 106 mega M
1 000 103 kilo k
Submultiple
0.001 10-3 milli m

0.000 001 10-6 micro
0.000 000 001 10-9 nano n
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5. Aplications
The forces within the every member of these bridges must be determined to
ensure a proper design. 10
The maximum capacity of a tower crane must be properly specified to determine

the forces that every member will support.
11
When a pressure vessel is designed, it is necessary to determine the center of gravity of its
component parts, calculate its volume and surface area, and reduce three-dimensional
distributed loadings to their resultants.
12

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ME2560 Statics Chapter I

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ME2560 Statics Fall 2014

Statics. Studies the equilibrium of

Time Second (s) Time is conceived as a succession of events

Electric current Ampere (A) Flow of electric charge

Amount of Mole (mol) Number of particles in a given amount of matter

Luminous Candela (Cd) Measure of the wavelengthweighted power emitted by a light

Idealizations. Due to the enormous complexity of real systems it

Particle. A particle has mass but negligible size. Thus, the

Rigid Body. A body can be considered as a combination of a large

Concentrated Force. A concentrated force represents the effect of a

Newtons Laws of Motion. The mechanics of a rigidbody is

First Law. A particle originally at rest, or moving in a straight line

Second Law. A particle subjected to an unbalanced force F

Newtons Law of Gravitational Attraction - Weight is the effect of

kg mass slug mass

Derived Units. Derived units result of the combination of fundamental

Units for Force. According to Newtons Second Law

F = m a [kg m/s2] F = m a [slug ft/s2]

slug ft 14.5938 kg 0.3048 m

0.001 10-3 milli m

The maximum capacity of a tower crane must be properly specified to determine

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