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Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and
hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to
the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma.
Solar power is energy from the sun that is converted into thermal or
electrical energy. Solar energy is the cleanest and most abundant
renewable energy source available, and the U.S. has some of the richest solar
resources in the world.
Wind energy is a form of solar energy. Wind energy (or wind power) describes
the process by which wind is used to generate electricity. Wind turbines convert the
kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. A generator can convert
mechanical power into electricity.
Ozone Layer or Ozone shield is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most
of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It contains high concentrations of Ozone (O3)
in relation to other parts of the atmosphere, although still small in relation to other
gases in the stratosphere.
Solar radiation is the radiation, or energy we get from the sun. It is also known as
short-wave radiation. Solar radiation comes in many forms, such as visible light,
radio waves, heat (infrared), x-rays, and ultraviolet rays.
Clean Air Act of 1999 - Republic Act No. 8749, approved June 23, 1999,
otherwise known as the Philippine Clean Air Act, is a comprehensive air quality
management policy and program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for
all Filipinos.
Republic Act No. 9003, approved January 26, 2001 - This Act shall be known as
the "Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000."
Biofuels Act of 2006 (Republic Act No. 9367 Jan. 12, 2007. As amended by
Republic Act No. 10745 Feb. 26, 2016). An Act to direct the use of biofuels,
establishing for this purpose the biofuel program, appropriating funds therefore, and
for other purposes. It mandates the blending of Cocodiesel or Coco Methyl Ester
(CME) to all diesel fuel and bioethanol in gasoline sold across the country.
The purpose of this Act is to: develop and use indigenous renewable energy to
reduce dependence on imported oil; reduce toxic emissions; and ensure the
availability of alternative and renewable clean energy without causing any harm to
the natural ecosystem, biodiversity and food reserves of the country. This Act
provides for the phasing out of the use of harmful gasoline additives and specifies
locally sourced biofuel components which shall be contained in all liquid fuels. The
text further provides for the establishment of the National Biofuel Board and for its
powers and functions. The Act also contains penal provisions.
In the Philippines, the food issue is avoided by using the jatropha (tuba-tuba)
plant. The Biofuels Act of 2006 and implementation of the 1 percent biodiesel:
99 percent diesel gasoline ratio has led to biofuel production from jatropha
and coconut, among other plants. Republic Act 9367 even calls for the
National Biofuel Board to determine if biofuel production is sufficient to
recommend that bioethanol compose at least 10 percent of all the gasoline
(not limited to just diesel this time) sold in the country by 2011.
The product, called "Coconet", has been adopted in infrastructure projects all over
this Southeast Asian archipelago, as well as in China and Sri Lanka.
It makes use of the husk fibers to produce a tough but biodegradable netting that
anchors the soil on sloping land as well as river banks, protecting against erosion
while encouraging the growth of vegetation.
Ethanol is a renewable, domestically produced alcohol fuel made from plant
material, such as corn, sugar cane, or grasses.
Biofuel refers to diesel equivalent, processed fuel derived from biological sources.
Habitat destruction has played a key role in extinctions, especially related to tropical
forest destruction. Factors contributing to habitat loss
are: overconsumption, overpopulation, land use change, deforestation, pollution (air
pollution, water pollution, soil contamination) and global warming or climate change.
(Presidential Decree No. 984 August 18, 1976) Providing for the revision of
Republic Act No. 3931, commonly known as the Pollution Control Law, "National
Pollution Control Decree of 1976 and for other purposes.
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 705 May 19, 1975 - Revising Presidential Decree
No. 389, otherwise known as the Forestry Reform Code of the Philippines
This Act lays down the basic principles of forest management and conservation,
makes provision for the administration of forestry the survey and classification of
lands for purposes of forestry and the use of forest resources.
Mangroves are shrubs or small trees that grow in coastal saline or brackish water.