IP Addressing or Subnetting in (ROMAN URDU)

1| Free Learning (Fayyaz Ahmed) CSCO12971267
CLASSROOM IN A BOOK
Topic:
Class 5 : Discuss IP Address or Subnetting.
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Topic Covers in this Book
IP Addressing & Subnetting
U Contant U Page No
UIP Address:
IPv4 Addressing? 04
Define Both IPs?
Range of IP address? 05
Discussion about IPv4?
Subnet Mask?
Wildcard Mask? 06
How to calculate Wildcard mask?
Subnet CIDR?
How to define a Class by IANA?
Why Made Classes IANA? 07
Public& Private Address?
Private Address Range of Free ips? 08
Loopback Number (127)?
Subnetting:
Define Subnetting? 09
Define Values?
Uses of Subnetting? 10
Subnetting of Class C: 11
VLSM:
Define VLSM? 15
First Branch 100 Host required
Second Branch 60 Host required 16
Third Branch 30 Host required
Forth Branch 10 Host required

Details about IPv4 Addressing:

IP address means k Ager hum apny kessi computers ko Network k sath connect karna chty hy or chty
hy k wo computers appas my data bhi share kary eak dosry k sath to waha hammy hamary computers ki
identity chyee hogi us ki source location or destination location ka computer ko pata hona chyee taky
wo destination computer sy communicate kar saky. Example Jessy k hummary mobiles phones agar
hummay kessi sy bat karni hoti hy to hammy us person ka number chayee hota hy jis sy hammy bat
karni hu Right. To same essi tarha hamary computer ko bhi numbers chaye hoty hy taky computers appas
my communicate kar saky so yaha hum computers k number k ley IP address ka use karty hy jo un
computers k ley un ka number ka kam karti hy or computers ko network sy connect kar k data shearing
or communication provide karti hy.
There are Two Types of IP address:

1) IP Version 4
2) IP Version 6
Discuss Both IPs:

IPv6 implement hogya tha 1999 my but humary pass IPv4 ki range abhi bakki thi jabhi hum IPv4 ko hi
ab tak use kar rahy thy. Per ab ahista ahista IPv6 implement ho raha hy or kafi jagahu py ho bhi chukka
hy. IPv4 hamara 32 bit ka address hota hy jis my 4octet hoty hy or her 1 octet 8 bit ka hota hy so 8
multiply by 4 its equals to 32 is tarha hamra IPv4 32bit ka 1 complete address banta hy IPv4 my 3 tarha
sy communication hoti hy 1st is Unicast (One to one communication) 2nd Multicast (One to Many
communication) & 3rd one is Broadcast (One to all communication) or IPv6 128 bit ka 1 large address
hota hy. Is my bhi 3 tarha sy communication hoti hy 1st is Unicast means (One to one communication)
2nd Multicast (One to Many communication) & 3rd one is Anycast (One to Closet)
Anycast IPv6 1 new addition hy replacement of Broadcast.

Ranges & Classes of IP addresses:

IP Address Network portion Host portion
Class A 1 to 126 255.0.0.0/8 N.H.H.H/24 224= 16,277,216
P P 1 Network 3 host portion.
Class B 128 to 191 255.255.0.0/16 N.N.H.H/16 216 = 64,536
P P 2 Network 2 host portion.
Class C 192 to 223 255.255.255.0/24 N.N.N.H/8 28 P P = 256 3 Network 1host portion.
Class D 224 to 239 Reserve for Research/Development
Class E 240 to 255 Reserve for Research/Development
Discussion about IPv4:

Ager hum IPv4 ki bat kary to IPv4 my 4 Octet hoty hy essi ley hum ussy 32 bit address khty hy or is ka
Minimum number hota hy 1 or Maximum number 255 hota hy IPv4 1989 mai implement hoi thi or tab
ussy 5 classes my define kiyaa gaya tha jis sy hum IPs ko apny network requirement k according use kar
saky.
Class A, Class B & Class C ye wo Classes hy jo hum apny network my use karty hy Class D & Class E
Research ya military Network k ley use ki jati hy.
So agar my yaha bat karu k is ka largest number 255 q hy so dekhy IPv4 my 4 octet hoty hy or her 1
octet 8 bit ka hota hy to agar hum Class A ki IP ko Use kary or is k sary octet k bits ko open kar dy to IP
hammy kuch is tarha dekhy gi binary wording mai 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 jis my
network ka portion 1 hoga or host k portion 0 hongy to ab agar my 1 ki powers nikalo in numbers ko
calculate karny k ley like kuch is tarha sy 27.26.25.24.23.22.21.20 to in ki powers calculate karny k bad
final result kuch Is tarha aaye ga like 2 ki power 7 its = to 128 and then 6 so on .64.32.16.8.4.2.1 so ab
agar my in sub ki powers ko plus karo to mery pass in ki total value 255 aye gi jabhi ye IPv4 ka Maximum
Number hy is k bad koi bhi IP use nahi karty or essi ley jo network portion hota hy subnet mai hum ussy
255 sy represent karty hy or hamara subnet mask bhi essy sy represent hota hy.
Subnet Mask:
Subnet Mask represent hota hy hamary networks k ley k hum kon sy Network ki IP ko Use kar rahy hy
agar Class A ki IP hy us my sirf 1 Network Portion hy to uska Subnet Mask hota hy 255.0.0.0 or Class
B my 2 Network Portion hoty hy to us ka Subnet Mask hota hy 255.255.0.0 or Class C my 3 Network
portion hoty hy to Class C ka Subnet Mask hota hy 255.255.255.0 to subnet hammary Network ko
represent karta hy k hum kon sy network ko use kar rahy hy.

Or essi tarha ye Router ko bhi help karta hy Broadcasting rokny k ley jessy hi kessi 1 network ki
Broadcast Router k pass jati hy to Router sub sy phly us IP ka Subnet Mask check karta hy agar wo
Subnet Mask us k dosray interface sy connect Network sy match hota hy to Router ussy agye Forward
kar dyta hy Or agar Subnet Mask same nahi hota to wo Broadcasting ko wahi rok dyta hy.
Essi ley Class A ki jo IPs hoti hy us my Network portion 1 hota hy or baki k portion Host portions hoty
hy jo k computers k ley use hoty hy to network portion 1 matlab 8 bit full hy essi ley hum Class A ki Ip
ko /8 ka Subnet Mask bhi khty hy or Class B ki IP my 2 Portion full to hum ussy /16 ka Subnet Mask
khty hy or or Class C k Subnet Mask ko hum /24 ka network khty hy qk us my 3 Network portion use
hoty hy so 8 multiply by 3 its equals to 24.
Wildcard Mask:
Wildcard mask opposite hota hy subnet mask ky jaisy k hum subnet mask my 1 bit ko count karty hy or
0 bit ko ignore karty hy essi tarha hum Wildcard mask my 0 bit ko count karty hy or 1 bit ko ignore karty
hy. Wildcard mask my 0 bits check hoty hy or 1 bit ignores hoty hy.
Class A ka Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0 hota hy so is Wildcard Mask mai 255 1 portion hy matlab ye 1 hy jo
subnet mask my count hota hy to Wildcard k ley hum 255 ki jaga 1 sy ussy 0 kar dy ga or bakki ki 0 bits
ko 1 kar dy gy qk Wildcard mask opposite hota hy subnet mask k. So Class A ka Wildcard Mask banny
ga 0.255.255.255 opposite of subnet.
Class B Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0 Wildcard Mask 0.0.255.255
But kabhi kabhi hummay is tarha ka bhi subnet dekhny ko milta hy like 255.192.0.0 to is condition my
hum is mask ka wiladcast mask nikalny k ley is mask ko minus karaty hy Globally subnet mask sy jo hy
255.255.255.255 so 255.192.0.0 minus/- 255.255.255.255 so Wildcard mask aye ga 0.0.63.255 essi tarha
1 or example like mask hy 255.255.128.0 so again minus this mask into globally mask like
255.255.255.255 minus 255.255.128.0 so Wildcard mask is 0.0.127.255 as simple.
Subnet CIDR:
Hum jo subnet mask is tarha leakhty hy like /10 ya /15 to is tarha k mask ko CIDR
matlab (Classless Inter Domain Routing) khty hy.

Why IANA Made Classes?

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) ny IPs ko Classes my divide kiya qk jitni hamary Network
ki requirement hy hum ussy hisab sy ussi Class ki IP ko use kar saky. suppose aagar mera Small Network
hy to waha my Class C ki IP ko Use karlo ga Agar Medium Network hy to Class B ki IP or agar Large
Network hy to waha my Class A ki IP ko use karu ga.
Wo kessy? Simple Class A my Network portion hoty hy 1 so us ka network portion howa hy /8 baki k jo
3 portion bachy us ka host portion howa /24 ye howa Class A ka Host portion so agar ap 2 ki power logy
24 so result aaye ga (16,277,216) to hum Class A ki IP ko use karty howy itny computers ko IP assign
kar sakty hy After subnetting to essi ley Class A use hoti hy Large network k ley.
Or Class B my 2 Network Portion hoty hy /16 so pher hammy 2 Host portion milty hy /16 so 2 ki power
16 so result aaye ga (65,536) to Class B ki IP ko use karty howy hum itny Computers ko IPs assign kar
sakty hy.
& Class C my hoty hy 3 Network Portion /24 so host portion k ley bachty hy just /8 so 2 ki power 8 so
result aaye ga (256) to Class C ki IP ko use karty howy hum itny Computers ko IPs assign kar skaty hy.
Essi ley Class C Small network k ley use ki jati hy qk us my computers ki Range bhut kam milti hy to
IANA ny ye Classes is ley bannai taky hum apny Network k mutabik Ussi Class ki IP ko use kar sakky.
How to define a Class by IANA:

IANA 1 essi international Organization hy jo IP Addresses ko create karti hy or ye organization new IPs
ko launch bhi karti hy So hum ab ye samjhty hy k IANA ny ye Classes kessy baanai.
Define Class A:
IANA ny in Classes ko divide karty waqt Class A my sy is k koi bhi Bit use nahi kiyee essi ley Class A
Start hoti hy 0 sy ly lekar 255.
Define Class B:
Then jab IANA ny Class B ko divide kia to IANA ny Class B k Bits ki 1 power ko use kia left to right
so hamary 8 octet my sy last bit ki power like 27 so its equals to 128 so is tarha IANA ny Class B k last
bit ki power ko use karty howy Class B ki IP Start ki 128 sy ly kar 191 tak.
Define Class C:
Now question is that k last ki IP hamy kessy pata chalti hai k 191 hi hogi to IANA ny 5 Classes banni or
phly un panchu classes ko divide kia to ager IANA ny Class B k ley us ki 1 power ko use kia or Class C
nikalny k ley IANA ny ussi bit ki 2 powers ko use kia like 27 & 26 so ye hota hy 128+64 = 192 so essi

ley Class C ki IP Start hoi 192 sy then pher essi tarha Class D Start hoi 224 sy qk is my 3 bits ko use kia
tha or Class E Start hoi 240 sy qk is my 4 bits ko use kia gaya.
So is tarha IANA ny Classes ko Divide kia or new network milta raha to jaha sy wo new network start
ho raha tha us k last digit hamari phly class ka ending digit ban gaya like Class A is 0 to 126 or 127
loopback number hota hy jabhi hum essy IP my use nahi karty or 128 jo k Class B ki IP my ja k lag gaya
Simple.
Public& Private Address:

IPs 2 tarha sy use hoti hy 1st Public IP or 2nd Private IP. Public IPs hammy IANA sy Purchase karni
parti hy jessy aaj jo hum apny ISP sy internet use karny k ley IPs lyty hy wo hammari Public IPs hoti hy
jin ki payment humy pay karni hoti hy Right jessy k Google k Servers hy Facebook k Serves hy in ki
IPs Online hy to ye IANA sy purchased hy or internet per available hy to Public Ip hammy IANA sy
purchase karni parti hy hum or Private IP Free hoti hy jo hum apny local Network k ley use karty hy or
in my bhi kuch Ranges hoti hy which mention below.
Private Address Range of Free ips

U
1) Class A 10.0.0.1 to 10.254.254.254 (1 Network)
2) Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.254.254 (15 Network)
3) Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.254.254 (254 Network)
So IANA na unhi IPs my sy kuch IPs ko Private k ley reserve kar diya taky hum essy locally bhi free
mai use kar saky PCs ki communication k ley or kuch IPs ko Public k ley reserve kar diya. To Jab tak
ap apny local network k indar hi communication kar rahy to tab to hum private Ip ko hi use kar sakty hy
qk wo internally communication k ley use ho rahi hy per jab hum internally communication sy nikal kar
Externally communication matlab out of the office kessi or branch sy ya kessi or Network ya internet ko
access karna chahy gy to waha hammy public IP ki required hogi jo hammy online connectivity provide
kary gi on internet sy connect karygi.
Loopback Number (127):

Loop back 1 Virtual IP address hoti hy jo k ping ki request ka rply karti hy or Loop Back IPs hamesha
active rehti hy kabhi down state my nahi jati. IPv4 my Loop back IP hy 127.0.0.0 ye IP hammy ping
command ka response dyti hy. agar hammy network per kessi computer ki connectivity check karni hu
k wo system network per hai ya nahi to hum waha loopback IP k throw us ki connectivity check kar sakty
hy.

Hum Loop Back IP khud sy bhi configure kar sakty hy CISCO k Router per is sy faida ye hoga k Client
side k computers per hum Gateway IP Loop back IP configure kar dy to agar Router ka 1interface
Down bhi hojata hy to hammy sary PCs py un ka Gateway Change nahi karna parta dosra interface UP
hony k bad wohi Virtual IP yani Loop Back IP as a Gateway ACT Karna Start kardyti hy. Essa normally
jab hota hai jab hum multiple routers mai FHRP Technic ko use karty hai
So thats all about IPv4 Addressing & the next section we will Subnetting which is the part of CCNA
Define Subnetting:
FLSM (Fixed Length Subnet Mask) Subnetting eak essa way hai jis mai hum eak large network ko
smaller different networks mai apni requirement k according divide karty hai like eak hi Class ki IPs ko
use karty howy ussy multiple network my divide karny ko subnetting khty hy. suppose 4 offices hy or
charu my hi Class C k network ki IP ko use karna hy but network different ho ye requirement hai to is
case mai hum subnetting ko use karty howy Class C ki IP ko 4 different networks my divide karty hai.
Diffrence between FLSM or VLSM?

Suppose agar mujhy apny her office my 60 computer require hy charu office my 60\60 computer but in
a different network is tarha ki subnetting ko FLSM(Fix Lenght Subnet Mask) khty hy agar equal portion
karny ho tu or agar different portion karny hy jaisy 1 office my 100 computer or dosry office my 50
computer to is tarha ki subnetting ko VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) khty hy.
How to Subnet?
Subnetting karny sy phly kuch basics bhut important hy jaisy k Class A my 1 Network bit hota hy or 3
Host bit hoty hy. To agar my un 8 bit ki power lyta hu to mujy value milti hy 255 Right. But subnetting
my hamary subnet mask change hoty hy. Jessy subnetting my subnet mask kuch is tarha bhi aata hy k /9,
/10, /23, /28.
To agar /9 ka mask hai tu 255.0.0.0 matlab /8 mask 8 bit full hai and /9 mask k ley 1 bit hum host portion
sy borrow karty haii taky /9 mask create ho saky so like 255.10000000. 00000000.00000000 so ab jo 1
bit hum ny borrow kara hai host portion sy hum is ko power ko subnet mai add karty hai like 2 ki power
7 27 = 128 so /9 ka subnet mask hoga 255.128.0.0 after subnetting or is my host ki value bhi barh jaye gy.

10 | F r e e L e a r n i n g ( F a y y a z A h m e d ) CSCO12971267
Essi tarha agar /10 ka mask hy to 8 bit 1 portion sy complete hogaye or 2 bit us k baraber wally host
portion sy liyee like 255.11000000. 00000000.00000000 ab in bits ki powers ko plus kia like 128 + 64
= 192 to /10 ka subnet mask aye ga 255.192.0.0 after subnetting.
Or is ko yad karny ka asan tarika hy k hum bits ki power phly calculate kar k yad kar ly k agar itny bit
lyny hy to kia value aaye gi to is sy asani hojati hy subnetting karny my.
First Remind Powers of 2: Now Borrow Bits and calculate value:
2 ki Powers Values Borrow Bits Values

The value calculate left to right
2 ki power 7 like 27 = 128 Borrow 1 bit so value is = 128
Subnetting my required ye hy k jitney bhi bits kaam pary apny / mask ko complete karny k ley so
baraber waly host portion sy utny bit ly ky un ki value ko pick kar ly jaisy agar 5 value pick ki hy tu
mask aye ga 255.248.0.0 is tarha sy bs host portion k bits ko 0 sy 1 count karna hota hy or apni
requirement k according host portion sy bits ko borrows karna hota hai.
In Short:
Subnetting eak way hota hy jis sy hum bary network ki IP Range ko choty networks my break karty hy
apni network requirenment k according
Uses of Subnetting:
1) Easy to troubleshoot.
2) 1 hi class ki IP ko use karty howy ussy smaller different network mai divide karna.
3) 1 bary network ko small networks my divide karna.
4) Decrease size of broadcast domain.
U

Subnetting of Class C:
Requeird Host 40 each Network:
Subnetting Class : 192.168.10.0/24 to subnetting karny k ley hamy ye dekhna parta hy k kis 2 ki power
my mujhy 40 host asani sy mil sakty hy, to phly hammy Required host nikalny hy jo k subnetting my H
sy represent hoty hy.
1) Required Host:
So phly hamy H ki Value nikalni parti hy yani Host bit k kis power ko ly k hum apni requirement pori
kar sakty hy. to agar my yaha 2 ki power 6 lyta ho to 26 so its equals to 64 so yaha meri requirement pori
horahi hy to yaha my H ki value 6 rakh sakta hu.
2) Now Converted Network bits: Formula (Total Host bits Required Host H Value)
Class C my mujhy Host bits mil rahy thy 8 to mai un bits ko minus kardu ga apni H ki value sy jo meri
required host hy so 8 - 6 its equals to 2 to mera N yani Network bits 2 nikla ye 2 bits hum network portion
my add karata hy.
3) Full Formula of subnetting:
So Total network bits + converted Network bits jo H k value ko Minus karny k bad aye hy.
So Class C k Network my phly total network kitny thy 24 Right to converted N/W bit kitny aye hy mery
pass 2 bits jo H k value k Minus karny k bad aye hy so fomula apply karny k bad yani 24 + 2 = 26 to
after subnetting Class C ka network ab present hoga /26 sy to agar ab network /26 hogaya hy to is ka
subnet mask hoga 255.255.255.192 to /26 k network ka subnet mask ya hoga after subnetting.
Subnetworks:
yani subnetting k bad ab mujhy Class C ki 1 single IP kitny networks dy rahi hy. To us ka formula hota
hy (2 ki power N) so N kia tha hamary pass 2 to yahi aajye ga hamary pass k 2 ki power 2 like 22 = 4 to
after this subnetting mujhy Class C ki single Network I.D 4 subnetwork Network provide kary gi jis mai
eak hi Class ki IP ko use karty howy 4 diffrenet offices mai different network ki IPs
ko assign kar saku ga.

Calculate Host Block Size:

yani ab is 1 network my mujhy ktiny computer mily gy jinhy mai 1 network ki IP assign kar saku ga to
us ka formula hota y (2 ki power H) so H kia tha hamary pass 6 so 2 ki power 6 like 26 = 64 to mujhy 1
network my 64 Hosts mily gy to is tarha hum ye calculate kar sakty hai k jo subnetting hoi hai usky 1
network ko use karty howy hum kitny host ko IP assign kar sakty hai.
Calculate Range Network I.Ds:

jo subnet mask ho ko us like 255.255.255.192 is ko 256 my minus kara do to 1 new network I.D mil
jaye gi like 255.255.255.192 -256 so ye aye ga 64.
So First Network is 192.168.10.1 to 192.168.10.63 : Subnet Mask is :
255.255.255.192
64 new network ID hai to 64 hum yaha count nahi kary gy
Bs essi tarha ab hum 64 jo value aai hai essy network ID mai + karty rahy gy or hammy new network
milta rahy ga or is ki last stage hy 255 tak which mention below.
So Second Network is 192.168.10.64 to 192.168.10.126 : Subnet Mask is :
255.255.255.192
64 + 64 = 128 but 127 loopback address jissy hum use nahi karty or 128 new network ID hai so 128
bhi hum yaha count nahi kary gy is network ki IPs 126 tk hi rahygi
So Third Network is 192.168.10.128 to 192.168.10.191 : Subnet Mask is :
255.255.255.192
192 new network ID hai to 192 hum yaha count nahi kary gy
And the Last & Forth network is 192.168.10.192 to 192.168.10.256 (Same Subnet)
But 255 hamara broadcast number hota hai jessy hum use nahi karty so is network ki last IPs bhi
254 tk hi rahy gi which mention below
Network Number Range of Start IP Subnet Mask Range of End IP

Network 01 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.63
Network 02 192.168.10.64 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.126
Network 03 192.168.10.128 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.191
Network 04 192.168.10.192 255.255.255.192 192.168.10.254

RECALL:
So jessy k hum ny subnetting ki thi 64 host k ley jis mai hammy 22 rakh k 4 networks mily thy so is
tarha subnetting mai wo 4 networks complete howy & Each network assign 64 IPs & each network is
diffrenet but same Class that is Class C so that is all about subnetting.
Subnet Mask CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)

Easy to Remember / Mask Subnet Mask.
Calculate Vlaue Subnet Mask / Mask
0 255.0.0.0 /8
Class A Subnet Borrow 1 bit 255.128.0.0 /9
Borrow 2 bit (128+64 = 192) 255.192.0.0 /10
Borrow 3 bit (128+64+32 = 224) 255.224.0.0 /11
Borrow 4 bit 255.240.0.0 /12
Borrow 5 bit 255.248.0.0 /13
Borrow 6 bit 255.252.0.0 /14
Borrow 7 bit 255.254.0.0 /15
Borrow 8 bit 255.255.0.0 /16
Class B Subnet Borrow 1 bit 255.255.128.0 /17
Borrow 2 bit (128+64 = 192) 255.255.192.0 /18
Borrow 3 bit (128+64+32 = 224) 255.255.224.0 /19
Borrow 4 bit 255.255.240.0 /20
Borrow 5 bit 255.255.248.0 /21
Borrow 6 bit 255.255.252.0 22
Borrow 7 bit 255.255.254.0 /23
Borrow 8 bit 255.255.255.0 /24
Class C Subnet Borrow 1 bit 255.255.255.128 /25
Borrow 2 bit (128+64 = 192) 255.255.255.192 /26
Borrow 3 bit (128+64+32 = 224) 255.255.255.224 /27
Borrow 4 bit 255.255.255.240 /28
Borrow 5 bit 255.255.255.248 /29
Borrow 6 bit 255.255.255.252 /30
SO That is all about CIDR Mask essy yaad karny sy hammy bhut faida hota hai qk agar kahi hammy
subnet mask ye show hota hai like this 255.255.255.248 so hummy idea ho jata hai k yaha /29 ka subnet
use ho raha hai.

NOTE:
Wait take a Moment, Get Comfortable and in a Good State of mind & Relax your Mind
Read it Carefully. Subnetting VLSM:
We are Going to Deep in Subnetting

Define VLSM:
VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Mask) subnetting ki second type hy jis my hum apni requirement k
according subnetwork k size ko divide kar sakty hy suppose hamary offices ki 4 branches hy or hammy
un branches my different network ki IPs assign karni hy or jitney host us branch my hy us sy bs kuch IP
zada rakhni hy taky agar bad my kuch user add ho tu un ko bhi fulfill kar saky or zada IPs waste na ho
saky.
jessy k subnetting my equal subnetwork hoty hy her subnetwork my equal size like 128 host ya 64 host
to agar hamary kessi office my subnetting hoi v hy /26 k according jo k per branch my 64 host dy rahi
hy tu subnetting fixed hy agar kessi brach my sirf 10 computer hi hy to waha bakki ki IPs waste ho rahi
hogi. Essi ley VLSM my hum brachnes k according un ki IPs ki scheme ko design karty hy taky IPs
waste na hu. Iska formula bhi simple hy bus hammy jitney host chayee hoty hum hum host portion k
utny bits ko 0 sy 1 kar k un ki powers ko count kar lyty hy.
VLSM for 4 Branches:

IP Address : 192.168.1.0 /24
Subnet mask : 255.255.255.0
First Branch 100 Host required:

Open subnet in Octat : 255.255.255.00000000
Required 100 so borrow 1 bit in host portion : 255.255.255.10000000
So new subnet mask is : 255.255.255.128 /25
Yaha 1 bit hum ny is ley borrow kiya qk 128 my hamari 100 host ki requirement pori ho rahi thi or kuch
extra IPs bhi mil rahi thi so 27 = 128.
Network ID First IP Address Last IP Address Brodcast IP Address

192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.125 192.168.1.126
And subnetmask /25 : 255.255.255.128 Thats it thats the VLSM of 100 host.

Second Branch 60 Host required:

192.168.1.128 192.168.1.129 192.168.1.190 192.168.1.191
Third Branch 30 Host required:

192.168.1.192 192.168.1.193 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.224
Forth Branch 10 Host required:



192.168.1.225 192.168.1.226 192.168.1.239 192.168.1.240

VLSM bhut hi simple hai hammy just apni host requirement k according bits borrow karny hoty host
portion sy or unki vlaue ko calculate kar k network IDs create karni hoti hai.
YES Finally you Completed your Module # 5

Now your SWITCHING Topics is Completed in CCNA
Hope this is Informative for you & Easy to Learn.
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IP Addressing or Subnetting in (ROMAN URDU)

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1| Free Learning (Fayyaz Ahmed) CSCO12971267

Class 5 : Discuss IP Address or Subnetting.

Download Free Books at:

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IP Addressing & Subnetting

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Details about IPv4 Addressing:

There are Two Types of IP address:

Discuss Both IPs:

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Ranges & Classes of IP addresses:

Discussion about IPv4:

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Why IANA Made Classes?

How to define a Class by IANA:

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Public& Private Address:

Private Address Range of Free ips

1) Class A 10.0.0.1 to 10.254.254.254 (1 Network)

2) Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.254.254 (15 Network)

3) Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.254.254 (254 Network)

Loopback Number (127):

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Diffrence between FLSM or VLSM?

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

2 ki Powers Values Borrow Bits Values

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Calculate Host Block Size:

Calculate Range Network I.Ds:

Network Number Range of Start IP Subnet Mask Range of End IP

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Subnet Mask CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

We are Going to Deep in Subnetting

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

VLSM for 4 Branches:

First Branch 100 Host required:

Network ID First IP Address Last IP Address Brodcast IP Address

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Second Branch 60 Host required:

And subnetmask /26 : 255.255.255.192 Thats it thats the VLSM of 60 host.

Third Branch 30 Host required:

And subnetmask /27 : 255.255.255.224 Thats it thats the VLSM of 30 host.

Forth Branch 10 Host required:

EasyPeezZi.com ---------------This Book is written by Fayyaz Ahmed---------------

Network ID First IP Address Last IP Address Brodcast IP Address

And subnetmask /28 : 255.255.255.240 Thats it thats the VLSM of 10 host.

YES Finally you Completed your Module # 5

50% Completed just 50% Left

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