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2010
EDITION

ENERGY BALANCES
OF OECD COUNTRIES

International
Energy Agency
2010
EDITION

ENERGY BALANCES
OF OECD COUNTRIES
This volume contains data on the supply and consumption of coal, oil, gas,
electricity, heat, renewables and waste presented as comprehensive energy balances
expressed in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Complete data are available for 2007
and 2008 and supply estimates are available for the most recent year (i.e.2009).
Historical tables summarise production, trade and final consumption data as well as
key energy and economic indicators. The book also includes definitions of products
and flows, explanatory notes on the individual country data and conversion factors
from original units to energy units.

More detailed data in original units are published in the 2010 edition of
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, the sister volume of this publication.

(61 2010 04 3 P1) €120


ISBN 978-92-64-08412-4

-:HSTCQE=U]YVWY:
2010
EDITION

ENERGY BALANCES
OF OECD COUNTRIES
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in
November 1974. Its mandate is two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member
countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply and to advise member
countries on sound energy policy.
The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among 28 advanced
economies, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.
The Agency aims to:
n Secure member countries’ access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular,
through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.
n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection
in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute
to climate change.
n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of
energy data.
n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies
and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy
efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.
n Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement
and dialogue with non-member countries, industry,
international organisations and other stakeholders. IEA member countries:
Australia
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Denmark
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Norway
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Slovak Republic
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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... v
OECD ENERGY TRENDS ................................................................................................................... vii

PART I: METHODOLOGY
1. Explanatory notes ............................................... I.3 3. Country notes .................................................... I.15
2. Units and conversions ....................................... I.11 4. Geographical coverage ...................................... I.33

PART II: STATISTICAL DATA


COUNTRY-SPECIFIC NET CALORIFIC VALUES .............................................................................. II.3

ENERGY BALANCE SHEETS AND ENERGY INDICATORS


OECD Total .......................................................... II.12 Italy ....................................................................... II.84
OECD North America ........................................... II.16 Japan ..................................................................... II.88
OECD Pacific ........................................................ II.20 Korea .................................................................... II.92
OECD Europe ....................................................... II.24 Luxembourg ......................................................... II.96
International Energy Agency ................................ II.28 Mexico ................................................................ II.100
Australia ................................................................ II.32 Netherlands ......................................................... II.104
Austria ................................................................... II.36 New Zealand ....................................................... II.108
Belgium ................................................................. II.40 Norway ............................................................... II.112
Canada ................................................................... II.44 Poland ................................................................. II.116
Czech Republic ..................................................... II.48 Portugal............................................................... II.120
Denmark ................................................................ II.52 Slovak Republic.................................................. II.124
Finland .................................................................. II.56 Spain ................................................................... II.128
France .................................................................... II.60 Sweden ............................................................... II.132
Germany ................................................................ II.64 Switzerland ......................................................... II.136
Greece ................................................................... II.68 Turkey................................................................. II.140
Hungary ................................................................. II.72 United Kingdom ................................................. II.144
Iceland ................................................................... II.76 United States ....................................................... II.148
Ireland ................................................................... II.80

SUMMARY TABLES
Production ........................................................... II.154 GDP .................................................................... II.197
Net imports .......................................................... II.164 Population ........................................................... II.199
Primary energy supply ........................................ II.169 Energy production/TPES .................................... II.200
Electricity generation .......................................... II.173 TPES/GDP .......................................................... II.201
Final consumption ............................................... II.180 TPES/population................................................. II.203
Industry consumption .......................................... II.185 Index of industry consumption /
Consumption in transport .................................... II.190 Industrial production........................................... II.204
Other consumption .............................................. II.193

RENEWABLE ENERGY AND WASTES


Contribution from renewable energies and energy from wastes ................................................................. II.206-240

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - v

INTRODUCTION
An analysis of energy problems requires a compre- data qualifier “c” to indicate where these confidential
hensive presentation of basic statistics in original units data are.
such as tonnes of coal and kilowatt hours of electric-
Energy data on OECD countries are collected from
ity. This type of presentation is published in Energy
Statistics of OECD Countries, the sister volume to this member countries by the team in the Energy Statistics
publication. The usefulness of such basic data can be Division (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by
considerably improved by expressing them in a com- Jean-Yves Garnier. Coal, renewables and electricity
mon unit suitable for uses such as estimation of total statistics are the responsibility of Robert Schnapp with
energy supply, forecasting and the study of substitu- the help of Robert Powell, Julian Smith and Yasmina
tion and conservation. The energy balance is a Abdelilah. Oil and natural gas statistics are the re-
presentation of the basic supply and demand data for sponsibility of Mieke Reece with the help of Jung-Ah
all fuels in a manner which shows the main fuels to- Kang, Alexander Antonyuk and Laura Thomson. Karen
gether but separately distinguished and expressed in a Tréanton, with the help of Alex Blackburn, has overall
common energy unit. Both of these characteristics production and editorial responsibility. Desktop pub-
will allow the easy comparison of the contribution lishing was carried out by Sharon Burghgraeve.
each fuel makes to the economy and their interrela- Data from 1960 to 2008 and selected estimates for
tionships through the conversion of one fuel into 2009 are available on CD-ROM suitable for use on
another. Energy Balances of OECD Countries pro- IBM-compatible personal computers.
vides standardised energy balance sheets expressed in
a common unit for each OECD country, as well as for In addition, a data service is available on the internet.
the following regions: OECD Total, OECD North It includes unlimited access through an annual
America, OECD Pacific, OECD Europe and IEA. subscription as well as the possibility to obtain data on
a pay-per-view basis. Details are available at
Starting with this year’s edition, the year 1970 has
http://www.iea.org.
been replaced in the time series by the year 1971 in
order to ease comparison between the OECD and non- Enquiries about data or methodology should be
OECD countries. addressed to Karen Tréanton:
Due to market liberalisation, some data have become Telephone: (+33-1) 40-57-66-33,
confidential. As a result, the IEA has introduced a E-mail: karen.treanton@iea.org.

The IEA is currently working with a group of 24 international organisations that collect or use energy statistics.
The purpose of this group, called InterEnerStat, is to improve the quality of energy data by harmonising defini-
tions for energy sources and flows. As a result of this work, the IEA has made some small changes in the
terminology that do not affect the definitions. A few examples include:
transformation sector becomes transformation processes
energy sector becomes energy industry own use
petroleum products becomes oil products
heavy fuel oil becomes fuel oil

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - vii

OECD ENERGY TRENDS


One of the highlights of the OECD situation in 2008- In contrast, in terms of TPES/GDP, with 0.18 toe per
2009 is the dramatic decrease of total primary energy thousand USD1 (compared to a world average of ap-
supply (TPES). Following a 1.2% decrease in TPES proximately 0.29 toe per thousand USD), the OECD
in 2008, the OECD experienced a record 4.6% de- is the least energy-intensive region. Several factors
crease in 2009. Although more detailed data and also explain the lower consumption: high GDP com-
analysis would be needed to better understand the pared to other regions, high efficiency in
underlying reasons for such a decrease, the effect of transformation processes (especially power plants),
the recent financial crisis, the slowdown in economic high efficiency in final consumption (efficient cars,
activity (-2.4% in the OECD GDP in 2009) and the insulation of houses) and delocalisation of high
price signal received by consumers after the high en- energy-consuming industries.
ergy prices observed in 2008 could explain a large
part of the decrease. In 2009, the OECD produced 3 785 Mtoe of primary
energy while its total primary energy supply was
5 172 Mtoe. As a consequence, 27% of the energy
The OECD in the world consumed by the OECD in 2009 (the energy depend-
ency) had to be imported from non-OECD countries.
In 2008, 18% of the world population lived in the The following paragraphs highlight the main changes
OECD, while 75% of the world GDP was created in since 1971 as well as giving a snapshot of the situation
its 30 member countries. The TPES of the OECD in
in 2009 for supply and in 2008 for consumption.
2008 represented about 45% of the world’s, while the
total energy production of the OECD accounted for
31% of the global energy production.
Production
Table 1. OECD in the world, 2008

Population GDP* TPES Production OECD primary energy production decreased by 2.0%
(millions) (Mtoe) (Mtoe)
to 3 785 Mtoe in 2009. This is the largest decrease
OECD 1 190 30 504 5 422 3 864
since the founding of the International Energy Agency
World** 6 688 40 482 11 937 12 379
(IEA) in 1974. However, OECD production has still
OECD 18% 75% 45% 31%
share** experienced a 61.5% increase compared to 1971, i.e.
an annual average growth of 1.3% over the 38-year
* (billion USD, 2000 prices and exchange rates)
** preliminary figures period.
When analysing changes in the OECD energy situa-
In terms of TPES/population, with 4.6 toe per capita
(compared to a world average of 1.8 toe per capita), tion, it is interesting to break the 38-year period into
the OECD is the main energy-intensive region. Sev- two periods (1971-1990 and 1990-2009), since 1990
eral factors explain this high consumption: e.g. an is the reference year for the Kyoto Protocol. The
electrification rate of almost 100%, a high rate of cars
per household, large industry and service sectors, high
heating degree-days and a high GDP per capita. 1. 2000 prices and exchange rates.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


viii - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

increase in production was not uniform over the time- Coal production in the OECD also decreased by 9%
frame, with a much stronger growth in the first half of during this period due to the closing of high-cost deep
the period (2.0% per year) compared to the second mines in Europe and Asia. On the other hand, nuclear
half (0.5% per year). The comparative annual growth continued to rise at a steady rate, going from
450 Mtoe in 1990 to 614 Mtoe in 2006 before drop-
for each of the fuels shows similar trends, i.e. a much
ping slightly to 582 Mtoe in 2009. In addition, the
higher growth in the first part of the period (see discovery and exploitation of large gas fields in North
Figure 1). The exceptions to this are gas, which ex- America led to a major increase in gas production
perienced stronger growth in the second part of the from 716 Mtoe in 1990 to 943 Mtoe in 2009.
period, and combustible renewables and waste, which
As a consequence of the contrasting evolution of the
saw similar growth rates for both periods. various fuels over the period, the shares of the main
After the first oil shock in 1973 and the establishment fuels in total production changed significantly be-
of the IEA, a special effort was made by most of tween 1971 and 2009 (see Figure 2).
the OECD countries to reduce their dependence on In 2009, the share of fossil fuels in total OECD pro-
imported oil by various policies, including the devel- duction accounted for 74.2%; coal, oil and gas
opment of alternative sources of energy, and for some represented roughly one quarter of production each.
of them, by exploiting their oil reserves. Nuclear accounted for 15.4%, a large increase from
1.2% in 1971.
Figure 1. Average annual growth rates in Figure 2. Fuel shares in OECD production
OECD primary energy production
1971 2009
18%
Comb. Comb.
renew. renew. Other
Hydro
3.5% 6.0% 1.5%
3.2% Other
12% Nuclear 0.2% Hydro
1.2% 2.9%

6% Coal/
Coal/ peat
Nuclear 25.7%
peat
Gas 15.4%
34.7%
28.0%
0%
Coal/ Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Comb. Other Oil
Gas
Oil 23.6%
peat Renewables 24.9%
29.3%
-6%
1971-1990 1990-2009

Within 15 years, the launch of large nuclear pro- Energy from renewables and wastes represented
grammes in several countries and the exploitation of 10.4% in 2009; combustible renewables and waste
contributing for more than one half, hydro for about
new open-sky mines in North America led to a
one third and geothermal energy accounting for most
dramatic increase of nuclear and coal production. In
of the rest.
1971, nuclear represented 27 Mtoe whereas in 1990 it
accounted for 450 Mtoe. Similarly coal went up from As regards the other forms of renewable energy, their
812 Mtoe in 1971 to 1 065 Mtoe in 1990. These in- production has started to grow steadily in recent years,
creases, combined with the increase in oil production although their shares remain limited. For example,
(especially in the Gulf of Mexico, Norway and the solar and wind energy have experienced high annual
United Kingdom) from 686 to 922 Mtoe, explain the growth since 1990, but their combined production
relatively high growth in energy production observed accounted for only 0.6% of primary energy produc-
in the first half of the 38-year period. tion in 2009.
During the second half of the period (from 1990 to
2009), the situation was significantly different. Oil
production in the OECD as a whole peaked in 1997, Trade
and has been decreasing steadily since then. Oil pro-
duction in the United Kingdom and Norway reached Preliminary data for 2009 show that OECD net
their maximum levels in 1999/2000 whereas Mexico imports decreased by 9.8%, the largest yearly
and Canada have been declining since 2006/2007. decrease since the early 1980s. This was despite the

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - ix

drop in OECD production, indicating the effect of the Excluding intra-OECD trade, the principal trading
financial crisis on energy demand. routes differed for the three OECD regions: North
In 1971, 98.3% of the 1 140 Mtoe of total net imports America imported crude oil from the Middle East
of energy for the OECD were related to oil; net (Saudi Arabia, Iraq), Africa (Nigeria, Angola, Algeria)
imports were equivalent to nearly half of the OECD and South America (Venezuela, Brazil). Crude oil in
energy production. The policies taken by OECD OECD Europe was supplied by the Russian Federation,
member countries in order to reduce their dependence North Africa and the Middle East, while the OECD
Pacific region was essentially dependent on supplies
on imported oil had twofold consequences for the
from the Middle East.
period 1971-1985:
Intra-OECD trade of oil products is largely developed:
x a decrease in net imports of oil from 1 450 Mtoe in
Europe, in particular the Netherlands, Germany, the
1977 to 795 Mtoe in 1985;
United Kingdom, Belgium, France, Italy and Norway
x a decrease in the share of oil imports in total net all exported a significant amount of oil products to-
imports (from 98.3% in 1971 to 88.5% in 1985). wards other European OECD countries.
The fall of oil prices in the mid 1980s had an impact Gas trade implies higher infrastructure costs than for
on the historical trend of OECD energy trade. Net oil; therefore gas trade remains more regional than
imports of oil in the OECD started to increase again in global. In OECD North America most of the trade
1986, growing on average by 2.4% per year between occurs between Canada and the United States. In
1986 and 2005. In 2005, net imports of oil peaked at OECD Europe, which accounts for about two-thirds of
1 396 Mtoe before declining to 1 204 Mtoe in 2009. the total OECD imports of gas, the Russian Federation
and Algeria are the main two suppliers (not including
On the other hand, volatility of oil prices, increasing intra-OECD deliveries from Norway). Russian gas is
performance of gas-fired power plants, fuel switching piped through Ukraine and Algerian gas is piped
for heating purposes and a growing interest in the use through the Mediterranean and imported by LNG car-
of gas for its lower CO2 emissions led to a steady in- riers. Nigeria is also starting to export to the European
crease of net imports of gas. This reduced the share of market, but the LNG chain limits the volume of gas
oil in total energy imports, which fell to 75.6% in 2009. imported. Imports of gas to the OECD Pacific area
accounted for nearly all the remaining third of total
Figure 3. Net imports of primary energy OECD net gas imports. Korea and Japan are the only
by fuel for the OECD
main gas importers in the OECD Pacific area (Australia
2000 has recently started importing small quantities). Most
1800 of the gas imports to the region were provided by the
Gas
1600 ASEAN gas producers (Indonesia, Malaysia and
1400 Brunei Darussalam).
1200
Mtoe

1000
800
Total primary energy supply
600 Oil
400 Coal/
peat
200 The OECD’s TPES decreased by 4.6% in 2009, fol-
0 lowing a decrease of 1.2% in 2008. This is the biggest
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009 annual decrease since the establishment of the IEA.
The decrease in supply concerned all fossil fuels, but
The United States, the United Kingdom, Germany and not modern renewables such as solar and wind.
Canada figured amongst the main importers of crude As a consequence, the share of fossil fuels in TPES
oil produced in other OECD countries. The proximity has further decreased from 81.8% to 81.1% between
to the producing areas of the OECD played an impor- 2008 and 2009. The share was 94.4% in 1971. Despite
tant role: European countries mainly imported crude the policies taken after the first oil supply shock to
from Norway and the United Kingdom (the United reduce the dependency on oil, oil remains the largest
Kingdom being both a major importer and exporter) component of TPES in the OECD. However, its share
while the United States imported crude from Mexico has decreased from 50.5% in 1971 to 37.2% in 2009
and Canada. (see Figure 4).

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


x - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Figure 4. Fuel shares in TPES for the OECD* The impact of other alternative energy sources grew
1971 2009 from 2.6% in 1971 to 5.5% in 2009. Within this
Hydro Hydro Other
category, solid biomass (including wood, wood
2.2% Other
Nuclear
2.6%
2.1% 5.5% wastes, charcoal and other solid biomass) was the
0.8%
largest contributor and represented 2.8% of total
Coal/ TPES. Geothermal energy (including both direct use
Coal/ peat
Nuclear and energy used for electricity generation) contributed
Gas peat 19.7%
11.3%
19.5% 24.4%
0.6% to TPES. Small amounts also came from liquid
Gas
biomass, wind, biogas, municipal waste, industrial
24.2% Oil waste, solar and tide/wave/ocean.
Oil 37.2%
50.5% TPES rose from 3 358 Mtoe in 1971 to 5 490 Mtoe in
2007 before falling to 5 172 Mtoe in 2009 (-5.8%
compared to 2007). With an annual average rate of
* Includes electricity trade.
growth of 1.1% per year since 1971, this growth was
Although efforts have been made to reduce the use of less than half that of the growth in GDP observed for
oil in sectors where it can be substituted by other the OECD over the same period.
fuels, e.g. electricity production, the growing demand Figure 6. OECD TPES by fuel
in “captive” sectors such as transport explains why the
share of oil remains the highest amongst all energy 6000
Other
sources. 5000
Hydro
Nuclear
The share of coal and peat in total TPES was 24.4% in
4000
1971 and decreased to 19.7% in 2009. In the last dec-
Gas
Mtoe

ade, coal was partly replaced by gas, notably for 3000


electricity generation. Gas was the only fossil fuel
2000 Oil
with increasing shares in the last 38 years (from
19.5% in 1971 to 24.2% in 2009) and became the sec- 1000
ond fuel in the OECD starting in 1999. Coal/peat
0
The share of nuclear energy in OECD TPES grew 1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009
from 0.8% in 1971 to 11.3% in 2009. The development
of nuclear energy was particularly intense between As a consequence, energy intensity (TPES/GDP) fell
1971 and 1990, with an average growth of 16.0% per from 0.31 toe per thousand USD in 1971 to 0.17 toe
year. Since then, the development of nuclear energy per thousand USD in 2009.
has slowed, with a growth of 1.4% per year. Figure 7. TPES/GDP in the OECD
Figure 5. Share of fossil fuels 0.5
and nuclear in OECD TPES
toe per thousand 2000 USD

100% 20% 0.4


Share of f ossil f uels

95% 15% 0.3


Share of nuclear

90% 10%
0.2

0.1
85% 5%

0
80% 0%
1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009
1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009
Share of fossil fuels Share of nuclear
Energy dependency, defined as the fraction of TPES
not supplied by OECD production, was 30.2% in
Although hydro energy increased from 75 Mtoe in 1971. Dependency peaked in 1976 at 34.7% and then
1971 to 111 Mtoe in 2009, the share of hydro in TPES rapidly decreased to 20.8% in 1985. Since the
remained constant at around 2%. mid-1980s, energy dependency has steadily increased,

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - xi

reaching 30.0% in 2007 before falling to 26.8% in Figure 9. GDP, TPES and electricity
2009. output in the OECD
12000 35000
The level of dependency is strongly influenced by the
30000

prices and exchange rates)


10000

and electricity output (TWh)


evolution of OECD oil production and imports.

GDP (billion USD, 2000


25000
Energy dependency of total OECD touched its maxi- 8000

TPES (Mtoe)
mum in the mid-1970s, when the increase in oil 20000
6000
production in Norway and the United Kingdom had 15000
not yet started. Energy dependency declined sharply 4000
10000
after 1979, when an increasingly large part of the oil 2000 5000
imports started to be replaced by domestic production.
0 0
In the following years the trend of energy dependency 1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009

was mainly influenced by the variations of OECD oil Electricity output TPES GDP
production (and imports), but it was smoothed by the
increasing weight of other energy sources. As a result, Power generation is the sector where the efforts to
energy dependency grew slowly between 1986 and reduce dependency on oil found their best ground.
2007, when it was back to 1971 levels. In 2008 and Oil accounted for 21.5% of the electricity production
2009 lower demand in the OECD countries caused the in 1971, but its share was reduced to 3.0% in 2009.
energy dependency to fall from 30.0% to 26.8% in Most of the decline occurred in the late 1970s and in
two years. the early 1980s.
Figure 8. Energy dependency in the OECD
Figure 10. Electricity generation
100% 1200 by fuel in the OECD
supplied by OECD production

12000
Other renew.
75% 900
Percent of TPES not

Oil production (Mtoe)

and waste
10000

50% 600 Hydro


8000
Nuclear
TWh

25% 300 6000


Gas
4000
0% 0
1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009 Oil
2000 Coal/peat
Total Oil OECD oil production
0
1971 1977 1983 1989 1995 2001 2009

Electricity generation On average, electricity from coal and peat increased


by 2.3% per year after 1971, but its growth was
Electricity generated in the OECD decreased 4.2% weaker after 1990 (0.8% per year, on average), espe-
in 2009, only the third yearly decrease since 1971 cially because of the increasing use of gas in power
and the largest decrease ever (the other smaller de- generation. In 2009 the share of coal and peat was
creases occurring in 1982, and then in 2001 due to 35.0%, as compared to 39.6% in 1971.
mild weather in the United States and a sluggish Gas accounted for 13.0% of OECD electricity produc-
economy). Electricity generation on average in-
tion in 1971. The share of gas in electricity decreased
creased by 2.6% per year since 1971, twice as fast
until the late 1980s and reached its minimum in 1988,
as TPES but at a rate comparable to the growth in
when gas-fired power plants contributed only 8.5% of
GDP. Total generation, including the part from CHP,
the total electricity output. Technological improve-
amounted to 10 230 TWh in 2009.
ments (highly efficient gas turbines and combined
The fuels used for electricity production changed sig- cycle plants), low CO2 emissions and relatively low
nificantly over time and, as for TPES, the trend in the prices reversed the trend and allowed gas to gain in
fuel mix was affected by oil prices and the energy importance during the 1990s. Outputs from gas-fired
policies of OECD member countries. power plants reached 22.6% in 2009.

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xii - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

The share of hydro decreased dramatically from 22.9% found in the transition of OECD economies from
in 1971 to 12.6% in 2009, despite an increase in abso- industry to services (which are more electricity-
lute terms, since most of the possible sites for large intensive than industry), in the growing use of
hydro production had already been equipped by 1971. electric-intensive technologies and in the growing
share of electricity consumption (with respect to other
Figure 11. Fuel shares in OECD electricity output
energies) in industry, commercial/public services and
1971 2009 residential.
Other* Other*
0.3% 5.0%

Total final consumption


Hydro
Hydro Coal/
Coal/ 12.6%
22.9% peat
Nuclear peat 35.0% OECD total final consumption (TFC) of energy ac-
2.7% 39.6% Nuclear
21.8% counted for 3 696 Mtoe in 2008, 1.7% lower than in
Gas
13.0% 2007. TFC represented more than two-thirds of TPES.
Gas
Oil
22.6% Oil On average, TFC has increased by 1.0% per year since
21.5%
3.0%
1971, less than half of the GDP growth of the OECD.
* Includes other renewables and waste Trends were not homogeneous amongst energy
sources. End-use of coal tended to decrease in all sec-
The development of nuclear energy has been extremely
tors, while oil consumption was heavily affected by
important in electricity generation. Nuclear power rep-
the high oil prices in the mid 1970s and early 1980s
resented over one-fifth of the total electricity output in
and declined in all non-captive sectors. Gas increased
2009, while its share was less than 3% in 1971.
by 1.2% per year from 1971 to 2008 while electricity
Other energy sources gave a limited contribution to doubled its share in TFC over the same period.
electricity generation in 2009. Combustible renewables
and waste represented 2.2% of total output. Although Despite all the efforts made to reduce the oil depend-
wind electricity grew by 23.6% per year between ency of OECD countries, transport has always been a
1990 and 2009, it did not exceed 2.1% of the total captive sector for oil, which accounted for 94.7% of
output generated in OECD countries. However, for transport consumption in 2008 as compared to 95.0%
the first time in 2001, wind accounted for more elec- in 1971.
tricity generation than geothermal. Moreover, the weight of transport in TFC increased
The overall efficiency of electricity generation improved between 1971 and 2008 due to the rising number of
over time, but less than might have been expected vehicles, the tendency to use larger engines, the high
given that new power stations were built. The increase use of road transport in trading goods and the relative
was due to technical improvements, especially in decrease of the use of oil in other sectors. In 2008,
combined cycles. However, the primary energy from transport was about one-third of the total final con-
nuclear (obtained from traditional cycles with an effi- sumption, while it only accounted for a quarter in 1971.
ciency close to 33%) and the weight of nuclear in total
electricity production offset the gain in the overall Figure 12. TFC by fuel and by sector in the OECD
efficiency of power plants.
1400
Table 2. Electricity consumption in the OECD 1200
1000
Electricity (TWh) 1971 Share 2008 Share
800
Mtoe

of TFC of TFC
600
Total final consumption 3 227 9 244
400
Industry 1 597 49.5% 3 099 33.5% 200
Commercial/public 0
1 519 47.1% 5 747 62.2%
services and residential 1971 2008 1971 2008 1971 2008 1971 2008 1971 2008

Industry Transport Commercial Residential Other


The fraction of TPES consumed for electricity and and public
heat generation increased significantly between 1971 services

and 2008. The reasons behind such an increase can be Other Electricity Gas Oil Coal/peat

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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - xiii

Industry, residential and services also increased their technologies (electronics, robotics, etc.), total final
consumption, but at lower rates. In addition, gas and consumption of electricity grew by 2.9% a year
electricity started to substitute consumption of oil and between 1971 and 2008. The greatest increases
coal in these sectors. concerned commercial/public services (4.3%) and
residential (3.1%). The growth of gas was more mod-
The share of coal in industry dropped from 17.5% in erate, with an increase of 1.2% per year, and mainly
1971 to 9.4% in 2008; it went down from 14.7% to concerned residential and commercial/public services,
2.1% in residential. The oil share in commercial/ with a joint average increase of 1.8% during the
public services represented 45.9% of consumption in 37-year period. Use of gas in agriculture and road
1971 and fell to 14.3% in 2008. Similarly, the oil increased significantly, but both sectors started from
share declined from 35.3% to 14.0% in residential. very low bases.
In 2008, final consumption of electricity stagnated, Use of other energy sources (mainly combustible
growing by less than 1%. This was the smallest renewables) was limited to certain industrial activities
growth rate observed since 1982, the only year when (paper, pulp, wood and wood products) and to resi-
electricity consumption went down. Indeed on aver- dential. The share of combustible renewables and
age, driven by the development of electricity-intensive waste in total final consumption was 4.3% in 2008.

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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.1

PART I

METHODOLOGY

MULTILINGUAL GLOSSARIES
See multilingual glossary at the end of the publication.
Voir le glossaire en plusieurs langues à la fin du présent recueil.
Deutsches GLOSSAR auf der letzten Umschlagseite.
Riferirsi al glossario multilingue alla fine del libro.
Ꮞᧃߩᣣᧄ⺆↪⺆㓸ࠍෳᾖ
Véase el glosario plurilingüe al final del libro.
±ÌÎÒÐÈÒÅÌÍÎÃÎßÇÛ×ÍÛÉÑËÎÂÀÐÜÂÊÎÍÖÅÊÍÈÃÈ

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I.2 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

ABBREVIATIONS

Btu: British thermal unit


GWh: gigawatt hour
kcal: kilocalorie
kg: kilogramme
kJ: kilojoule
Mt: million tonnes
m3: cubic metre
t: metric ton = tonne = 1000 kg
TJ: terajoule
toe: tonne of oil equivalent = 107 kcal

CHP: combined heat and power


GCV: gross calorific value
GDP: gross domestic product
HHV: higher heating value = GCV
LHV: lower heating value = NCV
NCV: net calorific value
PPP: purchasing power parity
TPES: total primary energy supply

IEA: International Energy Agency


IPCC: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
ISIC: International Standard Industrial Classification
OECD: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development
OLADE: Organización Latinoamericana de Energía
UN: United Nations
UNIPEDE: International Union of Producers and Distributors of Electrical Energy

c confidential
e estimated
.. not available
- nil
x not applicable

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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.3

1. EXPLANATORY NOTES
with experts from the national administrations. The
Unit IEA applies regional conversion factors (in conjunc-
tion with Eurostat for the European countries) for the
The IEA energy balance methodology is based on the oil products.
calorific content of the energy commodities and a
Gas data in Energy Statistics of OECD Countries are
common unit of account. The unit of account adopted
presented in terajoules on a gross calorific basis.
by the IEA is the tonne of oil equivalent (toe) which is
Data on combustible renewables & waste are pre-
defined as 107 kilocalories (41.868 gigajoules). This
sented in terajoules on a net calorific basis (with
quantity of energy is, within a few per cent, equal to
the exception of liquid biomass which is in
the net heat content of 1 tonne of crude oil. Through-
1000 tonnes).
out this publication 1 tonne means 1 metric ton
or 1000 kg. The balances are expressed in terms of "net" calorific
value. The difference between the "net" and the
"gross" calorific value for each fuel is the latent heat
Conversion (from original of vaporisation of the water produced during combus-
units to toe) tion of the fuel. For coal and oil, net calorific value is
about 5% less than gross, for most forms of natural
and manufactured gas the difference is 9-10%, while
The change from using the original units to tonnes of for electricity and heat there is no difference as the
oil equivalent implies choosing coefficients of equiva- concept has no meaning in this case. The use of net
lence between different forms and sources of energy. calorific value is consistent with the practice of the
This problem can be approached in many different Statistical Offices of the European Communities and
ways. For example, one could adopt a single equiva- the United Nations.
lence for each major primary energy source in all
countries, e.g. 29 307 kJ/kg (7 000 kcal/kg) for hard coal, Electricity data are converted from original units of
41 868 kJ/kg (10 000 kcal/kg) for oil, etc. gigawatt hours to million tonnes of oil equivalent
using the relationship: 1 terawatt hour = 0.086 Mtoe.
The main objection to this method is that it results in
distortions since there is a wide spread in calorific For more detail on converting to heat units, see
values between types of coal and individual coal Section 2, Units and conversions.
products, and between calorific values of these fuels
in different countries. The Secretariat has therefore
adopted specific factors supplied by the national ad- Primary energy conventions
ministrations for the main categories of each quality
of coal and for each flow or use (i.e. production, im-
When constructing an energy balance, it is necessary
ports, exports, electricity generation, coke ovens, blast
to adopt conventions for primary energy from several
furnaces and industry).
sources, such as nuclear, geothermal, solar, hydro,
For crude oil, specific factors have been used for pro- wind, etc. The two types of assumptions that have to
duction, imports and exports based on consultations be made are described below.

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I.4 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Choice of the primary energy form For instance, in the case of nuclear electricity produc-
tion, as heat is the primary energy form selected by
For each of these sources, there is a need to define the
the IEA, the primary energy equivalent is the quantity
form of primary energy to be considered; for instance,
of heat generated in the reactors. However, as the
in the case of hydro energy, a choice must be made
amount of heat produced is not always known, the
between the kinetic energy of falling water and the
electricity produced. For nuclear energy, the choice is IEA estimates the primary energy equivalent from the
between the energy content of the nuclear fuel, the electricity generation by assuming an efficiency of
heat generated in the reactors and the electricity pro- 33%, which is the average of nuclear power plants in
duced. For photovoltaic electricity, the choice is Europe.
between the solar radiation received and the electricity In the case of hydro and solar PV, as electricity is the
produced. primary energy form selected, the primary energy
The principle adopted by the IEA is that the primary equivalent is the physical energy content of the elec-
energy form should be the first energy form down- tricity generated in the plant, which amounts to
stream in the production process for which multiple assuming an efficiency of 100%. A more detailed
energy uses are practical. The application of this prin- presentation of the assumptions used by the IEA in
ciple leads to the choice of the following primary establishing its energy balances is given in Section 2.
energy forms: For geothermal, if no country-specific information is
x Heat for nuclear, geothermal and solar thermal; reported, the primary energy equivalent is calculated
x Electricity for hydro, wind, tide/wave/ocean and as follows:
solar photovoltaic. x 10% for geothermal electricity;
Calculation of the primary energy equivalent x 50% for geothermal heat.
There are essentially two methods that can be used to Since these two types of energy balances differ sig-
calculate the primary energy equivalent of the above nificantly in the treatment of electricity from solar,
energy sources: the partial substitution method and the hydro, wind, etc., the share of renewables in total en-
physical energy content method. ergy supply will appear to be very different depending
on the method used. As a result, when looking at the
The partial substitution method: In this method, the
percentages of various energy sources in total supply,
primary energy equivalent of the above sources of
it is important to understand the underlying conven-
electricity generation represents the amount of energy
that would be necessary to generate an identical tions that were used to calculate the primary energy
amount of electricity in conventional thermal power balances.
plants. The primary energy equivalent is calculated
using an average generating efficiency of these plants.
This method has several shortcomings, including the Indicators
difficulty of choosing an appropriate generating effi-
ciency and the fact that the partial substitution method Energy production: total primary energy production,
is not relevant for countries with a high share of hydro expressed in Mtoe.
electricity. For these reasons, the IEA, as most of the
Net imports: imports minus exports for total energy,
international organisations, has now stopped using
this method and adopted the physical energy content expressed in Mtoe.
method. Total primary energy supply: expressed in Mtoe.
The physical energy content method: This method uses Net oil imports: imports minus exports of oil, ex-
the physical energy content of the primary energy pressed in Mtoe.
source as the primary energy equivalent. As a conse-
Oil supply: primary supply of oil, expressed in Mtoe.
quence, there is an obvious link between the
principles adopted in defining the primary energy Electricity consumption: domestic consumption, i.e.
forms of energy sources and the primary energy gross production + imports - exports - losses,
equivalent of these sources. expressed in TWh.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.5

Population: the main source of these series for 1970 Industrial Activity, 2010. Industrial production refers
to 2008 is National Accounts of OECD Countries, to the goods produced by establishments engaged in
Volume 1, 2010. Data for 1960 to 1969 have been mining (including oil extraction), manufacturing, and
estimated using the growth rates from the population production of electricity, gas and water. These are
series published in the OECD Economic Outlook categories C, D and E of ISIC1 Rev. 3. From 1991, the
No 76. For the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland industrial production index for Germany refers to
(1960 to 1969) and Mexico (1960 to 1962), the data unified Germany and has been linked to the series for
are estimated using the growth rates from the popula- Western Germany.
tion series from the World Bank published in the
World Development Indicators CD-ROM. For the
Slovak Republic, population data for 1960 to 1989 Layout
are from the Demographic Research Centre, Infostat,
Slovak Republic. The energy balances are presented in tabular format:
Population for 2009 has been estimated using the columns for the various sources of energy and rows
population numbers submitted on the Questionnaire for the different origins and uses.
for country submissions for the SLT/CERT annual Columns
review of energy policies.
Across the top of the table from left to right, there are
GDP: the main source of these series for 1970 to 2009 eleven columns with the following headings:
is National Accounts of OECD Countries,
Volume 1, 2010. GDP data for 1960 to 1969 have Column 1: Coal and peat includes all coal, both pri-
been estimated using the growth rates from the series mary (including hard coal and lignite/brown coal) and
in the OECD Economic Outlook No 76 and data pre- derived fuels (including patent fuel, coke oven coke,
viously published by the OECD. Data prior to 1990 gas coke, BKB, coke oven gas, blast furnace gas and
oxygen steel furnace gas). Peat is also included in this
for the Czech Republic and Poland, prior to 1991 for
category.
Hungary, and prior to 1992 for the Slovak Republic
are IEA Secretariat estimates based on GDP growth Column 2: Crude oil comprises crude oil, natural gas
rates from the World Bank. liquids, refinery feedstocks, and additives as well as
other hydrocarbons (including emulsified oils, syn-
The GDP data have been compiled for individual thetic crude oil, mineral oils extracted from bituminous
countries at market prices in local currency and an- minerals such as oil shale, bituminous sand, etc., and
nual rates. These data have been scaled up/down to oils from coal liquefaction).
the price levels of 2000 and then converted to US dol-
lars using the yearly average 2000 exchange rates or Column 3: Oil products comprise refinery gas, eth-
purchasing power parities (PPPs). ane, LPG, aviation gasoline, motor gasoline, jet fuels,
kerosene, gas/diesel oil, fuel oil, naphtha, white spirit,
Purchasing power parities are the rates of currency lubricants, bitumen, paraffin waxes, petroleum coke
conversion that equalise the purchasing power of dif- and other oil products.
ferent currencies. A given sum of money, when
Column 4: Gas includes natural gas (excluding natu-
converted into different currencies at the PPP rates,
ral gas liquids) and gas works gas. The latter appears
buys the same basket of goods and services in all as a positive figure in the "gas works" row but is not
countries. In other words, PPPs are the rates of cur- part of production.
rency conversion which eliminate the differences in
price levels between different countries. The PPPs Column 5: Nuclear shows the primary heat equivalent
selected to convert the GDP from national currencies of the electricity produced by a nuclear power plant
to US dollars were aggregated using the Geary-Khamis with an average thermal efficiency of 33%.
(GK) method and rebased on the United States. For a Column 6: Hydro shows the energy content of the
more detailed description of the methodology please electricity produced in hydro power plants. Hydro
see Purchasing Power Parities and Real Expenditures, output excludes output from pumped storage plants.
GK Results, Volume II, 1990, OECD 1993.
Industrial Production Index: the main source of 1. International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic
these series is the OECD publication Indicators of Activities, Series M, No. 4 / Rev. 3, United Nations, New York, 1990.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.6 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Column 7: Geothermal, solar, etc. shows production although some small amounts are produced from
of geothermal, solar, wind and tide/wave/ocean energy electrically powered heat pumps and boilers. Any heat
and the use of these energy forms for electricity and extracted from ambient air by heat pumps is shown as
heat generation. Unless the actual efficiency of the production.
geothermal process is known, the quantity of geo- Column 11: Total equals the total of Columns 1 to 10.
thermal energy entering electricity generation is
inferred from the electricity production at geothermal Rows
plants assuming an average thermal efficiency of 10%.
For solar, wind and tide/wave/ocean energy, the quanti- The categories on the left hand side of the table have
ties entering electricity generation are equal to the the following functions:
electrical energy generated. Other uses shown in this Row 1: Production is the production of primary en-
column relate to geothermal and solar thermal heat. ergy, i.e. hard coal, lignite/brown coal, peat, crude oil,
Column 8: Combustible renewables & waste comprises NGL, natural gas, combustible renewables and waste,
solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste nuclear, hydro, geothermal, solar and the heat from
and municipal waste. Biomass is defined as any plant heat pumps that is extracted from the ambient envi-
matter used directly as fuel or converted into fuels ronment. Production is calculated after removal of
(e.g. charcoal) or electricity and/or heat. Included here impurities (e.g. sulphur from natural gas). Calculation
are wood, vegetal waste (including wood waste and of production of hydro, geothermal, etc. and nu-
crops used for energy production), ethanol, animal clear electricity is explained in Section 2, Units and
materials/wastes and sulphite lyes (also known as conversions.
"black liquor" which is an alkaline spent liquor from Row 2/3: Imports and exports comprise amounts
the digesters in the production of sulphate or soda having crossed the national territorial boundaries of
pulp during the manufacture of paper where the the country, whether or not customs clearance has
energy content is derived from the lignin removed
taken place.
from the wood pulp and which is usually 65-70%
solid in its concentrated form). For coal: Imports and exports comprise the amount of
fuels obtained from or supplied to other countries,
Municipal waste comprises wastes produced by resi-
whether or not there is an economic or customs union
dential and commercial/public services that are
between the relevant countries. Coal in transit should
collected by local authorities for disposal in a central
not be included.
location for the production of heat and/or power. Hos-
pital waste is included in this category. For oil and gas: Quantities of crude oil and oil products
imported or exported under processing agreements
Note that for biomass commodities, only the amounts
(i.e. refining on account) are included. Quantities of
specifically used for energy purposes (a small part of
oil in transit are excluded. Crude oil, NGL and natural
the total) are included in the energy statistics. There-
gas are reported as coming from the country of origin;
fore, the non-energy use of biomass is not taken into
refinery feedstocks and oil products are reported as
consideration and the quantities are null by definition.
coming from the country of last consignment. Re-
Data under this heading are often based on incomplete exports of oil imported for processing within bonded
information. Thus the data give only a broad impres- areas are shown as exports of product from the proc-
sion of developments, and are not strictly comparable essing country to the final destination.
between countries. In some cases complete categories
For electricity: Amounts are considered as imported
of vegetal fuel are omitted due to lack of information.
or exported when they have crossed the national terri-
Please refer to individual country data when consult-
torial boundaries of the country. If electricity is
ing regional aggregates.
“wheeled” or transited through a country, the amount
Column 9: Electricity shows final consumption and is shown as both an import and an export.
trade in electricity, which is accounted at the same
Row 4: International marine bunkers covers those
heat value as electricity in final consumption
quantities delivered to ships of all flags that are en-
(i.e. 1 GWh = 0.000086 Mtoe). gaged in international navigation. The international
Column 10: Heat shows the disposition of heat pro- navigation may take place at sea, on inland lakes and
duced for sale. The large majority of the heat included waterways, and in coastal waters. Consumption by
in this column results from the combustion of fuels ships engaged in domestic navigation is excluded. The

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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.7

domestic/international split is determined on the basis Row 10: Electricity plants refers to plants which are
of port of departure and port of arrival, and not by the designed to produce electricity only. If one or more
flag or nationality of the ship. Consumption by fishing units of the plant is a CHP unit (and the inputs and
vessels and by military forces is also excluded. See outputs can not be distinguished on a unit basis) then
domestic navigation (Row 40), fishing (Row 46) and the whole plant is designated as a CHP plant. Both
non-specified “other” (Row 47). main activity producer2 and autoproducer3 plants are
included here. Columns 1 through 8 show the use of
Row 5: International aviation bunkers includes deliv-
primary and secondary fuels for the production of
eries of aviation fuels to aircraft for international
electricity as negative entries. Heat from chemical
aviation. Fuels used by airlines for their road vehicles
processes used for electricity generation will appear in
are excluded. The domestic/international split should
Column 10. Gross electricity produced (including
be determined on the basis of departure and landing
power stations' own consumption) appears as a posi-
locations and not by the nationality of the airline. For tive quantity in the electricity column. Transformation
many countries this incorrectly excludes fuel used by losses appear in the total column as a negative num-
domestically owned carriers for their international ber.
departures.
Row 11: Combined heat and power plants (CHP),
Note: In October 2008 the IEA hosted the 3rd meeting refers to plants which are designed to produce both
of InterEnerStat. This group is made up of heat and electricity, sometimes referred as co-
24 international organisations that collect or use generation power stations. If possible, fuel inputs and
energy statistics. One of the objectives of the group is electricity/heat outputs are on a unit basis rather than
to improve the quality of energy data by harmonising on a plant basis. However, if data are not available on
definitions for energy sources and flows. As a result of a unit basis, the convention for defining a CHP plant
this meeting, the IEA has decided to align its energy noted above is adopted. Both main activity producer
statistics and balances with most other international and autoproducer plants are included here. Note that
organisations and to treat international aviation for autoproducer CHP plants, all fuel inputs to elec-
bunkers in the same way as international marine tricity production are taken into account, while only
bunkers. Starting with the 2009 edition, international the part of fuel inputs to heat sold is shown. Fuel in-
aviation bunkers is subtracted out of supply in the puts for the production of heat consumed within the
same way as international marine bunkers. autoproducer's establishment are not included here
Row 6: Stock changes reflects the difference between but are included with figures for the final consump-
opening stock levels on the first day of the year and tion of fuels in the appropriate consuming sector.
closing levels on the last day of the year of stocks on Columns 1 through 8 show the use of primary and
national territory held by producers, importers, energy secondary fuels for the production of electricity and
transformation industries and large consumers. A heat as negative entries. Total gross electricity pro-
stock build is shown as a negative number, and a duced appears as a positive quantity in the electricity
stock draw as a positive number. column and heat produced appears as a positive num-
ber in the heat column. Transformation losses appear
Row 7: Total primary energy supply (TPES) is made
in the total column as a negative number.
up of production (Row 1) + imports (Row 2) - exports
(Row 3) - international marine bunkers (Row 4) - Row 12: Heat plants refers to plants (including heat
international aviation bunkers (Row 5) ± stock pumps and electric boilers) designed to produce heat
changes (Row 6). only, which is sold to a third party under the provi-
sions of a contract. Both main activity producer and
Row 8: Transfers include interproduct transfers, prod- autoproducer plants are included here. Heat pumps
ucts transferred and recycled products (e.g. used that are operated within the residential sector where
lubricants which are reprocessed).
Row 9: Statistical differences includes the sum of the
unexplained statistical differences for individual fu- 2. Main activity producer generate electricity and/or heat for sale to
els, as they appear in the basic energy statistics. It also third parties, as their primary activity. They may be privately or pub-
includes the statistical differences that arise because licly owned. Note that the sale need not take place through the public
grid.
of the variety of conversion factors in the coal and oil
3. Autoproducer undertakings generate electricity and/or heat, wholly
columns. See introduction to Energy Statistics of or partly for their own use as an activity which supports their primary
OECD Countries for further details. activity. They may be privately or publicly owned.

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I.8 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

the heat is not sold are not considered a transforma- industries for heating, pumping, traction and lighting
tion process and are not included here – the electricity purposes [ISIC4 05, 06, 19 and 35, Group 091 and
consumption appears as residential use. Classes 0892 and 0721]. These quantities are shown
as negative figures. Included here are, for example,
Columns 1 through 8 show the use of primary and
own use of energy in coal mines, own consumption in
secondary fuels in a heating system that transmits and
power plants (which includes net electricity consumed
distributes heat from one or more energy sources to,
for pumped storage) and energy used for oil and gas
among others, residential, industrial, and commercial
extraction.
consumers, for space heating, cooking, hot water and
industrial processes. Row 21: Losses includes losses in gas distribution,
electricity transmission and coal transport.
Row 13: Blast furnaces contains inputs to and outputs
of fuels from blast furnaces. It is often difficult to cor- Row 22: Total final consumption (TFC) is the sum of
rectly account for all inputs and outputs in energy consumption by the different end-use sectors. Back-
transformation industries, and to separate energy that flows from the petrochemical industry are not
is transformed from energy that is combusted. As a included in final consumption (see Row 17, petro-
result, in certain cases the data in the total column are chemical plants and Row 52, of which petrochemical
positive numbers, indicating a problem in the underly- feedstocks).
ing energy data.
Rows 23-36: Industry consumption is specified in the
Row 14: Gas works is treated similarly to electricity following sub-sectors (energy used for transport by
generation, with the quantity produced appearing as a industry is not included here but is reported under
positive figure in the gas column, inputs as negative transport):
entries in the coal, oil products and gas columns, and
Iron and steel industry [ISIC Group 241 and
conversion losses appearing in the total column. Note,
Class 2431];
this item also includes other gases blended with natu-
ral gas. Chemical and petrochemical industry [ISIC
Divisions 20 and 21] excluding petrochemical feed-
Row 15: Coke/patent fuel/BKB plants contains losses
stocks;
in transformation of coal from primary to secondary
fuels and from secondary to tertiary fuels (hard coal to Non-ferrous metals basic industries [ISIC Group 242
coke and patent fuel, lignite to BKB, etc.). and Class 2432];
Row 16: Oil refineries shows the use of primary en- Non-metallic minerals such as glass, ceramic, cement,
ergy for the manufacture of finished oil products and etc. [ISIC Division 23];
the corresponding output. Thus, the total reflects
Transport equipment [ISIC Divisions 29 and 30];
transformation losses. In certain cases the data in the
total column are positive numbers. This can be due Machinery comprises fabricated metal products, ma-
either to problems in the primary refinery balance, or chinery and equipment other than transport equipment
to the fact that the IEA uses regional net calorific values [ISIC Divisions 25 to 28];
for oil products.
Mining (excluding fuels) and quarrying [ISIC Divi-
Row 17: Petrochemical plants covers backflows re- sions 07 and 08 and Group 099];
turned from the petrochemical industry. Note that
Food and tobacco [ISIC Divisions 10 to 12];
backflows from oil products that are used for non-
energy purposes (i.e. white spirit and lubricants) are Paper, pulp and printing [ISIC Divisions 17 and 18];
not included here, but in non-energy use.
Wood and wood products (other than pulp and paper)
Row 18: Liquefaction plants includes diverse lique- [ISIC Division 16];
faction processes, such as coal liquefaction plants and
Construction [ISIC Divisions 41 to 43];
gas-to-liquid plants.
Textile and leather [ISIC Divisions 13 to 15];
Row 19: Other transformation covers non-specified
transformation not shown elsewhere, such as the
transformation of primary solid biomass into charcoal.
Row 20: Energy industry own use contains the primary 4. International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic
and secondary energy consumed by transformation Activities, Series M, No. 4 / Rev. 4, United Nations, New York, 2008.

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ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.9

Non-specified (any manufacturing industry not in- administrations find it impossible to distinguish en-
cluded above) [ISIC Divisions 22, 31 and 32]. ergy consumption in commercial and public services
from residential consumption. Some cannot distin-
Note: Most countries have difficulties supplying an
guish consumption in agriculture from that in
industrial breakdown for all fuels. In these cases, the
residential. In these cases, residential will also include
non-specified industry row has been used. Regional
consumption in agriculture and/or commercial/public
aggregates of industrial consumption should therefore be
services. The other total is, therefore, more accurate
used with caution.
than its components.
Rows 37-43: Transport includes all fuels used for
Rows 50-54: Non-energy use covers those fuels that
transport [ISIC Divisions 49 to 51] except interna-
are used as raw materials in the different sectors and
tional marine bunkers and international aviation
are not consumed as a fuel or transformed into another
bunkers. It includes transport in industry and covers
fuel. Non-energy use is shown separately in final con-
domestic aviation, road, rail, pipeline transport, do-
sumption under the heading non-energy use.
mestic navigation and non-specified transport.
Domestic aviation includes deliveries of aviation fuels Note that for biomass commodities, only the amounts
to aircraft for domestic aviation – commercial, pri- specifically used for energy purposes (a small part of
vate, agriculture, etc. It includes use for purposes the total) are included in the energy statistics. There-
other than flying, e.g. bench testing of engines, but not fore, the non-energy use of biomass is not taken into
airline use of fuel for road transport. The domestic/ consideration and the quantities are null by definition.
international split should be determined on the basis
of which: petrochemical feedstocks. The petrochemical
of departure and landing locations and not by the na-
industry includes cracking and reforming processes
tionality of the airline. Note that this may include
for the purpose of producing ethylene, propylene, bu-
journeys of considerable length between two airports
tylene, synthesis gas, aromatics, butadene and other
in a country (e.g. San Francisco to Honolulu). For
many countries, the split between international avia- hydrocarbon-based raw materials in processes such as
tion and domestic aviation incorrectly allocates fuel steam cracking, aromatics plants and steam reforming
use for both domestic and international departures of [part of ISIC Group 201].
domestically owned carriers to domestic air. Fuel used Rows 55-57: Electricity generated shows the total
for ocean, coastal and inland fishing (included under number of TWh generated by thermal power plants
fishing) and military consumption (included in other separated into electricity plants and CHP plants, as
non-specified) are excluded from transport. well as production by nuclear and hydro (excluding
Rows 44-49: Other covers residential, commercial pumped storage production), geothermal, etc. (see,
and public services [ISIC Divisions 33, 36-39, 45-47, however, the notes on Rows 10 and 11). Electricity
52, 53, 55, 56, 58-66, 68-75, 77-82, 84 (excluding produced by heat from chemical processes is shown in
Class 8422), 85-88, 90-96 and 99], agriculture/ the heat column.
forestry [ISIC Divisions 01 and 02], fishing [ISIC Rows 58-60: Heat generated shows the total number
Division 03] and non-specified consumption. Non- of PJ generated by power plants separated into CHP
specified includes military fuel use for all mobile and plants and heat plants. Heat produced by electric boil-
stationary consumption (e.g. ships, aircraft, road and ers is shown in the electricity column. Heat produced
energy used in living quarters) regardless of whether by heat pumps, heat from chemical processes and heat
the fuel delivered is for the military of that country or from non-specified combustible fuels is shown in the
for the military of another country. In many cases heat column.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.11

2. UNITS AND CONVERSIONS


General conversion factors for energy
To: TJ Gcal Mtoe MBtu GWh
From: multiply by:
terajoule (TJ) 1 238.8 2.388 x 10-5 947.8 0.2778
-3
gigacalorie (Gcal) 4.1868 x 10 1 10-7 3.968 1.163 x 10-3
million tonne of oil
equivalent (Mtoe) 4.1868 x 104 107 1 3.968 x 107 11630

million British thermal


unit (MBtu) 1.0551 x 10-3 0.252 2.52 x 10-8 1 2.931 x 10-4

gigawatt hour (GWh) 3.6 860 8.6 x 10-5 3412 1

Conversion factors for mass


To: kg T lt st lb
From: multiply by:
kilogramme (kg) 1 0.001 9.84 x 10-4 1.102 x 10-3 2.2046

tonne (t) 1000 1 0.984 1.1023 2204.6


long ton (lt) 1016 1.016 1 1.120 2240.0
short ton (st) 907.2 0.9072 0.893 1 2000.0
pound (lb) 0.454 4.54 x 10-4 4.46 x 10-4 5.0 x 10-4 1

Conversion factors for volume


To: gal U.S. gal U.K. bbl ft3 l m3
From: multiply by:
U.S. gallon (gal) 1 0.8327 0.02381 0.1337 3.785 0.0038
U.K. gallon (gal) 1.201 1 0.02859 0.1605 4.546 0.0045
barrel (bbl) 42.0 34.97 1 5.615 159.0 0.159
3
cubic foot (ft ) 7.48 6.229 0.1781 1 28.3 0.0283
litre (l) 0.2642 0.220 0.0063 0.0353 1 0.001
3
cubic metre (m ) 264.2 220.0 6.289 35.3147 1000.0 1

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.12 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

To calculate the net heat content of a gas from its


Decimal prefixes gross heat content, multiply the gross heat content by
the appropriate following factor.
101 deca (da) 10-1 deci (d)
102 hecto (h) 10-2 centi (c) Gas Gross to net ratio
103 kilo (k) 10-3 milli (m)
106 mega (M) 10-6 micro (μ) Natural gas 0.9
109 giga (G) 10-9 nano (n)
Gas works gas 0.9
1012 tera (T) 10-12 pico (p)
1015 peta (P) 10-15 femto (f)
Coke oven gas 0.9
1018 exa (E) 10-18 atto (a)
Blast furnace gas 1.0

Coal Oxygen Steel Furnace Gas 1.0

Coal has separate net calorific values for production,


imports, exports, inputs to electricity/heat generation Combustible renewables
and coal used in coke ovens, blast furnaces and indus-
try. For electricity/heat generation, coal inputs to each and waste
type of plant (i.e. main activity electricity plant, auto-
producer electricity plant, main activity CHP plant,
autoproducer CHP plant, main activity heat plant, auto- The heat content of primary solid biomass, biogas,
producer heat plant) are converted to energy units using municipal waste and industrial waste, expressed in
average factors calculated from the Annual Electricity terajoules on a net calorific value basis, is presented in
Questionnaire. All other flows are converted using an Energy Statistics of OECD Countries. The Secretariat
average net calorific value. Country-specific net calo- does not receive information on volumes and other
rific values for 2008 are given in Part II. characteristics of these fuels.
1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe.
Crude oil Data for charcoal are converted from tonnes using the
average net calorific values given in Part II.
Country-specific net calorific values (NCV) for pro-
Unless country-specific information has been pro-
duction, imports and exports by country are used to
calculate the balances. The average value is used to vided, data for biogasoline are converted from tonnes
convert all the other flows to heat values. Country- using 26 800 kJ/kg. Biodiesels and other liquid biofu-
specific net calorific values for 2008 are given in Part II. els are assumed to have a net calorific value of
36 800 kJ/kg unless otherwise specified.

Gas
Oil products
Energy Statistics of OECD Countries expresses the
following gases in terajoules, using their gross The IEA applies regional conversion factors (in con-
calorific value. junction with Eurostat for the European countries) for
1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe. the oil products.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.13

Regional net calorific values for oil products

Oil products Europe North America Pacific


kJ/kg kJ/kg kJ/kg
Refinery gas 49 500 48 100 48 100
Ethane 49 500 49 400 49 400
Liquefied petroleum gases 46 000 47 300 47 700
Motor gasoline 44 000 44 800 44 600
Aviation gasoline 44 000 44 800 44 600
Gasoline type jet fuel 43 000 44 800 44 600
Kerosene type jet fuel 43 000 44 600 44 500
Kerosene 43 000 43 800 42 900
Gas/diesel oil 42 600 42 600 42 600
Fuel oil 40 000 40 200 42 600
Naphtha 44 000 45 000 43 200
White spirit 43 600 43 000 43 000
Lubricants 42 000 42 000 42 900
Bitumen 39 000 40 000 38 800
Paraffin Waxes 40 000
Petroleum Coke 32 000 32 000 33 800
Non-specified oil products 40 000

primary equivalent is calculated assuming an effi-


Electricity ciency of 50%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.5) Mtoe.
For direct use of geothermal and solar thermal heat,
Figures for electricity production, trade, and final con- all the heat consumed is accounted for in production
sumption are calculated using the energy content of the and consumption.
electricity (i.e. at a rate of 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe).
Hydro-electricity production (excluding pumped stor-
age) and electricity produced by other non-thermal Examples
means (wind, tide/wave/ocean, photovoltaic, etc.) are
accounted for similarly using 1 TWh = 0.086 Mtoe. The following examples indicate how to calculate the
The primary energy equivalent of nuclear electricity is net calorific content (in Mtoe) of the quantities ex-
calculated from the gross generation by assuming a 33% pressed in original units in Energy Statistics of OECD
conversion efficiency, i.e. 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.33) Mtoe. Countries.
In the case of electricity produced from geothermal heat,
if the actual geothermal efficiency is not known, then the From Original Units To Mtoe (on a NCV basis)
primary equivalent is calculated assuming an effi-
ciency of 10%, so 1 TWh = (0.086 ÷ 0.1) Mtoe. Coking coal production
divide by 41 868 and then
(Poland) for 2008 in
multiply by 29.560
thousand tonnes

Heat Natural gas in terajoules multiply by 0.00002388 and


(gross) then multiply by 0.9

Information on heat is supplied in terajoules and Motor gasoline (Poland) in divide by 41 868 and then
1 terajoule = 0.00002388 Mtoe. thousand tonnes multiply by 44.000

In the case of heat produced in a geothermal plant, if the Heat in terajoules (net) multiply by 0.00002388
actual geothermal efficiency is not known, then the

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.15

3. COUNTRY NOTES
Eurostat and their respective Member Governments,
General notes decided to develop a separate annual questionnaire on
renewables and wastes in the hope that this would
The notes given below refer to data for the years 1960 improve the quality of reporting by national admini-
to 2008 and cover the summary tables at the back of strations. As a result of this new questionnaire, it is
the book, as well as the information on CD-ROM and possible that there will be breaks in renewables and
the on-line data service. In general, more detailed waste time series between 1997 and 1998 until na-
notes are available for data starting in 1990. tional statistical offices are able to revise their series.
In order to improve the quality of renewables and
Prior to 1974, most fuel inputs and electricity and heat waste statistics and to ensure data compatibility, the
outputs for autoproducers are included in main activ- IEA initiated a project in 2002 with the objective to
ity producers. The figures for the quantities of fuels compare and harmonise historical IEA data with those
used for the generation of electricity and heat and the of national administrations and Eurostat (for EU
corresponding outputs in CHP and heat plants should Member countries), where applicable.
be used with caution. Despite estimates introduced by
the Secretariat, inputs and outputs are not always con-
sistent. Please refer to notes below under Electricity Australia
and Heat.
In 1996, the IEA Secretariat extensively revised data All data refer to the fiscal year (e.g. July 2007 to June
on coal and coke use in blast furnaces, and in the iron 2008 for 2008). For the 2002 data, the Australian
and steel industry (for those countries with blast fur- Administration started to use a new survey methodol-
naces), based on data provided to the OECD Steel ogy which caused shifts in the structure of industry
Committee and other sources. The quantities of fuels consumption. The Australian Administration is plan-
transformed into blast furnace gas have been esti- ning to revise the historical series.
mated by the IEA Secretariat based on its blast Coal: Data on blast furnace gas for electricity produc-
furnace model. tion by autoproducers begins in 1986. Consumption in
Moreover, in 1996 and 1997, the IEA Secretariat wood and wood products is included in paper, pulp
extensively revised data on combustible renewables and print from 2001 onwards. The drop in BKB pro-
and waste (i.e. solid biomass, biogas, liquid biomass, duction in 2004 was due to a fire in the main
industrial waste and municipal waste) based on data production plant.
from Eurostat (for the EU-15 Member countries) and Combustible Renewables and Waste: For combusti-
on other national sources for other OECD Member ble renewables and waste, a different industry
countries. As consumption data for combustible consumption breakdown is available from 1996 and
renewables and waste from Eurostat are generally leads to breaks in series. Biogas production at sewage
available from 1989, there may be breaks in series treatment works is unavailable.
between 1988 and 1989 for some EU Member countries.
Oil: Negative refinery losses are caused by differences
In December 1999, the Energy Statistics Working in treatment of transfers between refineries. Imports
Group, made up of the IEA, the United Nations, the of fuel oil have been estimated by the Australian
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Administration. The drop in the production of crude

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.16 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

oil in 1999 is due to a gas explosion at the Longford the consumption data for combustible renewables and
plant. waste to take into account data revisions in the elec-
tricity and CHP statistics in addition to in-depth
Gas: Prior to 1991, natural gas data include ethane.
analyses of reported final consumption data.
Data for 1999 and 2000 are estimated by the Austra-
lian Administration. Starting from 2002, production Gas: The break in the time series for autoproducer
includes colliery gas. Prior to 2006, natural gas con- electricity and CHP plants between 1995 and 1996 is
sumption in oil and gas extraction includes due to the availability of more detailed data from 1996
consumption in liquefaction/regasification plants. onwards. Differences due to measurement are included
Electricity and Heat: Inputs and outputs from auto- with losses prior to 2000 and with statistical differences
producer CHP plants are not available prior to 1986. starting in 2000. In the 2010 edition, many consump-
The production of electricity from wind is available tion sectors have been revised for 2001 to 2007 as a
from 1994. Electricity production from solar PV starts result of new household and industry surveys.
in 1992 and from solar thermal in 2003. Efficiencies Electricity and Heat: Starting in 1990, small amounts
used to calculate the solar thermal inputs to transfor- of electricity used in heat pumps have been included
mation were chosen by the Australian Administration in residential. There are breaks in series between 1995
to be consistent with their national statistics. Prior to and 1996 and between 1998 and 1999 due to new
1995, electricity production from biogas is included in methods of survey. Heat from chemical processes
natural gas. Heat data are not available from 1992 on- used for electricity production is available from 2004.
wards. In 2002, the Australian Administration started to Electricity plants data include CHP plants operating in
use a new survey methodology and reclassified the electricity only mode.
types of plants between main activity producers and
autoproducers. In the 2010 edition, inputs of landfill Prior to 1991, electricity consumption in the iron and
gas and outputs of electricity production were revised steel industry includes consumption in coke ovens and
between 2001 and 2007 to reallocate the amounts pre- blast furnaces. Consumption in commercial/public
viously allocated to natural gas. services includes electricity used in the field of electric-
ity supply, district heating and water supply prior to
Prior to 2007, electricity consumption in mining and
1990. For heat, own use is included in losses.
quarrying includes consumption in liquefaction/
regasification plants. Electricity consumption in wood
and wood products is included together with paper,
pulp and printing.
Belgium
Coal: Production of other bituminous coal ceased on
Austria 31 August 1992. Production includes the recuperation
of coal from coal dumps. The use of coke oven gas in
Historical revisions by the Austrian Administration chemical and petrochemical ceased in 1996. The de-
have resulted in some breaks in series between 1989 crease of bituminous coal and coke oven coke in the
and 1990. iron and steel industry in 2002 is due to the closure of
several plants.
Coal: The amount of gas works gas is negligible and
it is mostly consumed by households. The last lignite Combustible Renewables and Waste: In 2003,
mine closed in the second quarter of 2004 and lignite combustion of municipal waste for electricity and heat
use for power generation ceased in 2006. generation purposes increased significantly. However,
because a large portion of the heat produced is not
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for 1986 used (sold), plant efficiencies dropped significantly
to 1989 for solid biomass, industrial waste, biogas and between 2002 and 2003. Data for biodiesels are avail-
liquids from biomass are IEA Secretariat estimates able starting in 2007. Data for biogasoline are
based on information published by OSTAT in Ener- available starting in 2008.
gieversongung Österreichs Endgültige Energiebilanz.
Due to a change in the survey methodology, the heat Oil: The decrease of fuel oil in industry consumption
produced in small plants (capacity inferior to 1 MW) since 1993 is due to the introduction of an excise tax
is not reported starting in 2002. Prior to 2002, data for as well as increased use of natural gas. In 2002, patent
biogas only include plants of 1 MW or larger. In the fuel plants used fuel oil to increase the calorific value
2010 edition, the Austrian Administration has revised of patent fuel.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.17

Gas: The large decrease in non-specified industry in Oil: From 1988 onwards, data for several industrial
2003 is due to improvements in data collection. New sub-sectors are no longer available. Transfers for
legislation for data collection has led to breaks in naphtha and other oil products include purchases of
series for industry and energy industry own use feedstock and other additives from non-reporting
between 2004 and 2005, and between 2007 and 2008. companies. Ethane is mainly used as a petrochemical
feedstock. Prior to 1990, hydrogen used for the up-
Electricity and Heat: For 1998 and 1999, electricity
grading of synthetic crude oil production was included
production at CHP plants with annual heat output be-
in natural gas supply; from 1990, a different method-
low 0.5 TJ is reported with electricity only plants. In
ology was adopted by the Canadian Administration.
2000, autoproducer electricity plants are reclassified
Canada imported orimulsion from Venezuela from
as autoproducer CHP plants; no heat output is re-
1994 to 2000.
ported as it is all used for internal industrial processes
and is not sold to third parties. Heat from chemical Gas: Starting in 1992, consumption of natural gas in
processes used for electricity production is available main activity producer CHP plants includes use in
from 2005. three new facilities in the province of Ontario. The
data reported in non-specified transformation repre-
Breaks in series exist between 1991 and 1992 for heat
sent quantities of natural gas used for the upgrading of
consumption in chemical and non-specified industry.
refined oil products. In 2000, the increase in main
Breaks in series may exist between 2007 and 2008
activity producer electricity data is due to new genera-
due to revisions of NACE classifications. There is no
tion plants in Alberta and Ontario, while the increase
heat consumption starting in 2007 in the iron and steel
in autoproducer electricity is due to the addition of
industry because the installation concerned became an
independent power production.
autoproducer in July 2006 and the heat is no longer
sold. Electricity and Heat: Heat production includes heat
produced by nuclear power stations for distribution to
other consumers. The breakdown of electricity and
Canada heat generation between natural gas and oil products
in main activity producer CHP plants has been esti-
mated by the Canadian Administration starting in
Revisions received by the Canadian Administration
1990. This may cause breaks in the time series be-
and incorporated into the 2002 edition have resulted
tween 1989 and 1990. The inputs of combustible
in breaks in series between 1989 and 1990. renewables and waste to autoproducer electricity
Coal: Due to a Canadian confidentiality law, it is not plants, as well as the final energy consumption in the
possible for the Canadian Administration to submit pulp and paper sector from 1981 to 2004, were re-
disaggregated series for all of the coal types. Between vised by the IEA Secretariat. In the 2010 edition, the
2002 and 2006, the IEA Secretariat has estimated Canadian Administration revised the heat consump-
some of the missing series. The data for 2007 onwards tion data, causing statistical differences. Revisions to
are given directly as reported. The Canadian Admini- production are pending.
stration is planning to further refine its reporting.
Combustible Renewables and Waste: The IEA Secre- Czech Republic
tariat has estimated the data for industrial waste from
1990 to 2007, liquid biomass (ethanol) from 1998 to
2004, municipal waste from 1990 to 2004, and landfill Data are available starting in 1971.
gas from 1997 to 2006 based on information supplied Coal: Final consumption data were submitted by the
by Natural Resources Canada. The IEA Secretariat Czech Administration starting with 1996 data. Due to
estimated landfill gas production and consumption for economic restructuring in the consumption sectors in
2007 from information supplied by Environment the late 1990s (big state enterprises subdividing and/or
Canada, Waste Management. For 2008, partial infor- privatising and the utilisation of new technologies by
mation on landfill gas consumption was submitted by businesses), there might be breaks in time series in
the Canadian Administration and the other series were these sectors. Prior to 1993, consumption was esti-
estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Trade of solid bio- mated by the IEA Secretariat. Data for 1990 to 1995
mass may be included in production or consumption. were estimated based on the Czech publication
The Canadian Administration is working on separat- Energy Economy Year Book. In 1995, town gas pro-
ing out the data and reporting the trade explicitly. duction ceased. Beginning in 1996, the Czech

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.18 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Administration reported gas works gas in autopro- Accordingly, all heat production is reported in main
ducer CHP. In 1997, coke oven gas consumption in activity producer heat plants. The amount of heat re-
chemical and petrochemical stopped. Revisions by the ported under other sources is waste heat from the
Czech Administration have resulted in some breaks in glass industry. Data on biogas and wastes in main
series between 2001 and 2002. Production from other activity producer CHP and autoproducer heat plants
sources of other bituminous coal in 2004 is from coal start in 1993. In 1999 and 2000, various big enter-
slurries. prises have been divided, sold and merged. This
causes breaks in the time series of all types of plants.
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for com-
The new reporting methodology used by the Czech
bustible renewables are not available prior to 1991.
Administration for combustible renewables and
The restructuring of the Czech electricity market leads
wastes causes some breaks in time series between
to breaks in the time series in all sectors between 1998
2002 and 2003.
and 1999. Data for liquid biomass are available start-
ing in 1992 and for municipal waste starting in 1999.
New survey systems cause breaks in final consump-
tion in 1999 and in 2002. Breaks in both supply and
Denmark
consumption of combustible renewables and waste
occur again in 2003. The exports of biodiesel in- In the 2004 edition, major revisions were made by the
creased in 2005 driven by high prices for the Danish Administration for the 1990 to 2001 data,
commodity. which may cause breaks in time series between 1989
and 1990.
Oil: Data prior to 1994 are estimated by the IEA Se-
cretariat. The Czech Administration submitted an Oil Combustible Renewables and Waste: The number of
Questionnaire to the IEA for the first time with 1994 heating companies burning wood chips that are
data. Breaks in series between 1998 and 1999 for the equipped with boilers with flue-gas condensation is
final consumption of gas/diesel oil are due to a new increasing. This implies a very high efficiency of heat
data management system implemented by the Czech plants.
Administration.
Oil: Information on waste oil recycling and final con-
Gas: Data from 1993 onwards have been officially sumption begins in 1989 and is reported in other oil
submitted by the Czech Statistical Office. The breaks products. Prior to 1990, Greenland and the Danish
in series between 1993 and 1994 are due to a change Faroes are included in the oil data. Also prior to 1990,
in the energy balance methodology between former gas/diesel oil consumption and fuel oil consumption
Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic. Prior to for fishing are included in domestic navigation, while
1994, data in transport are for former Czechoslovakia. after this date they are reported in agriculture. Con-
Natural gas inputs into gas works ceased in 1996. sumption data are based on a detailed survey sent to
From 2008, hydrogen production is reported in petro- companies in Denmark every other year. For non-
chemical feedstocks as non-energy use. survey years, the consumption figures are estimated
by the Danish Energy Agency. Due to better survey
Electricity and Heat: Electricity statistics from 1971
methods, inputs to electricity and heat generation have
to 1989 have been estimated by the IEA Secretariat
been reclassified, causing a break in series between
except for final consumption and trade which were
1993 and 1994. The marked increase in inputs of fuel
submitted by the Czech Administration. Data on heat
oil to CHP production in 1994 is due to increased
production, and the corresponding fuel inputs, have
electricity exports to Norway. Industry sector detail
been estimated from 1980 to 1989 based on consump-
for 1994 and 1995 is based on a new survey. Orimul-
tion in residential and commercial/public services.
sion imports (used for electricity generation) began in
Prior to that, inputs are included in industry. Data
1995 and ceased in 2003. The oil inputs used in indus-
from 1990 onwards have been officially submitted by
trial sub-sectors for producing surplus heat, which is
the Czech Administration. This may lead to breaks in
delivered to district heating networks, are allocated to
series between 1989 and 1990. Prior to 1990, electric-
these industrial sub-sectors.
ity production in main activity producer CHP and
autoproducer CHP plants is included in main activity Electricity and Heat: From 1984 onwards, small
producer electricity plants. Heat production prior to amounts of heat have been imported from Germany.
1990 excludes heat sold by industry. The breakdown Heat produced for sale by heat pumps starts in 1994.
of heat production between main activity producer Prior to 1994 the electricity and heat production are
CHP and heat plants is not available prior to 1990. estimated based on fuel inputs. The amount of heat

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.19

reported under other sources is heat recovered from Sweden. The increasing heat production from heat
industrial processes and sold for district heating. pumps in 2007 and 2008 is from the new Katri Vala
heating and cooling plant.
Consumption of heat in residential includes consump-
Finland tion in agriculture/forestry and commercial/public
services.
A new survey system and a reclassification of the data
lead to breaks in the time series between 1999 and
2000 for most products and sectors. The new survey France
system is more detailed and has better product coverage,
especially in electricity, CHP and heat production, as
well as in industry. Coal: For 1989 to 1998, the IEA Secretariat has esti-
mated industry consumption based on Consommations
Coal: The first coking plant started operation in 1987, d’Energie dans l‘Industrie, SESSI.
hence imports of coking coal and production of coke
oven coke and coke oven gas started in that year. Coal Combustible Renewables and Waste: Plants using
tars used for non-energy purposes are not reported in municipal waste were reclassified as autoproducer
production or consumption. The increase of other bi- CHP plants from 1995, which leads to a break in time
tuminous coal inputs into main activity producer series. The breakdown of the final energy consump-
electricity plants from 1993 to 1994 was due to coal tion of biogas was estimated by the French
replacing imported electricity and hydro power. Pro- Administration from 1970 to 2003. In the 2010 edi-
duction of gas works gas ceased in April 1994. tion, data for wood and other solid biomass in
residential were revised back to 1990 based on a new
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for biogas household survey.
and industrial waste are available from 1996. Prior to
2004, industrial waste also included other energy Oil: Additives and oxygenates data are available from
forms such as hydrogen, heat from chemical proc- 1991. From 1998, imported oil products needing fur-
esses, natural gas and blast furnace gas. The Finnish ther refinery processing are no longer reported as
National Administration is working on harmonising refinery feedstock imports but as oil product imports
combustible renewables and waste data for the years and products transferred. The consumption of kero-
2004 to 2008. sene type jet fuel includes military use as of 1998.
Starting in 2000, data for non-ferrous metals are in-
Oil: In 1995, there is a break in series for oil products cluded in non-specified industry for petroleum coke.
trade due to the aligning of the National Board of
Customs trade data collection system with the Euro- Gas: From 1990 to 1998, the statistical difference
pean Union’s Intrastat system. Due to a new includes gas consumption that is not broken down by
calculation model, there is a break in fuel oil other sector. From 1999 onwards, a new methodology was
consumption between 1998 and 1999. used for preparing the natural gas balances which
leads to breaks in series between 1999 and 2000.
Gas: Prior to 1989, natural gas consumption in residen- There is a break in series for commercial/public ser-
tial and agriculture/forestry has been estimated by the vices and residential in 2001. Gas for pipelines is
Finnish Administration. Due to a new system of data included in losses. There is a break in series in the
collection, the breakdown between residential and industry sub-sectors between 2005 and 2006.
commercial/public services is available since 1995.
Electricity and Heat: Electricity production from
Electricity and Heat: Electricity and heat production wind is available from 1993. From 1995, due to a
from biogas are available from 1996. Heat output change in the economic activity classification, data
from autoproducer CHP plants is available starting in have been reported in non-specified other. A new
1996 and from autoproducer heat plants starting in method of survey and a reclassification between main
2000. Heat from chemical processes and associated activity producer electricity plants and autoproducer
electricity generation are available from 2004. The electricity plants may cause breaks in the series for
amount of heat reported under other sources is waste other bituminous coal between 1998 and 1999. For
heat and steam from hydrogen in industrial processes. 2001 to 2004, there are further classification problems
The decrease in electricity production in 2005 is for inputs and output of electricity from oil. The
mainly due to lower generation from coal and peat, French Administration is working to reconcile their
which was offset by increased electricity imports from data collection methods for the inputs and the outputs

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.20 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

for electricity generation. Due to a new survey, in the missing data based on statistics published by the Fed-
2007 edition the French Administration revised the eral Environment Ministry and data submitted in the
data back to 2000 and included heat produced from Electricity and Heat Questionnaire. Where estimation
fossil fuels in CHP plants. Data for heat produced was impossible due to lack of information, the data
from fossil fuels in heat only plants are not available. from the previous year were used. A new reporting
Unfortunately it is not possible to separate out the system leads to break in series between 2002 and
amount of heat not sold in autoproducer plants so 2003. The German Administration is undertaking the
these amounts have been included. However, no dou- reconciliation of historical data. There is a large drop
ble counting occurs since the corresponding inputs in the series reported for industrial waste between
have not been included in final consumption. In 2005, 2004 and 2005 because new information redistributed
autoproducer CHP efficiencies for other biogas drop amounts previously reported as industrial waste into
due to the opening of a larger, less efficient plant. municipal waste, solid biomass and biogas. Total final
consumption of combustible renewables and waste by
Non-specified other consumption includes exports to
sector became available in 2007. Prior to 2008, data
Monaco prior to 1992.
for municipal solid waste and industrial waste data
were collected together and the split between the two
Germany types of waste had been estimated. Starting in 2008,
municipal solid waste and industrial waste data were
collected separately. This leads to breaks in the time
German data include the new federal states of series between 2007 and 2008.
Germany from 1970 onwards.
Oil: Beginning with 1994, final consumption by indi-
The Germany Administration has changed the meth- vidual sector has been improved due to new survey
odology for reporting heat. From 2007 onwards all methods instituted by the Minerölwirtschaftsverband.
heat production in autoproducers is considered as non- In 1995, a break in gas/diesel oil consumption occurs
sold (i.e. for self-use); inputs for this heat production as a result of an alignment with the Classification of
are, therefore, no longer reported in transformation the Economic Activities in the European Community
processes. Moreover, more information on district (NACE). Breaks in series in consumption data be-
heat has become available, and inputs are now re- tween 2002 and 2004 are due to structural changes in
ported for this category. This causes breaks in series energy statistics following the newly introduced
between 2006 and 2007. A different methodology for Energy Statistics Law. As a result of the new method-
accounting for autoproducer heat was used for 2003 to ology, there are some breaks in series between 2006
2006 which is apparent in both the inputs to transfor- and 2007.
mation and the heat output. Gas: Prior to 1995, inputs of natural gas for main ac-
Coal: Due to reclassification of several sectors by the tivity producer heat are included with main activity
German Administration, breaks in series may occur producer CHP. Also prior to 1995, final consumption
between 1990 and 1992; this particularly affects BKB, data are based on Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilan-
lignite and coke oven coke. BKB inputs to gas works zen. From 1995 onwards, the industry sub-sector
plants stopped in 1997. Breaks in series may occur breakdown is based on the new 1995 NACE classifi-
between 1998 and 1999 for coke oven gas and blast cation. This leads to a number of breaks in series
furnace gas. Breaks in the series for coke oven gas between 1994 and 1995. In 2003, there is a break in
from 2007 are due to a change in statistical source. series for electricity and CHP plants (both autopro-
Consumption of non-renewable municipal waste and ducers and main activity producers). From 2003
other solid biomass as a reductant occurs in German onwards, own use of gas in coke ovens was negligi-
blast furnaces, but is not currently quantified. Like- ble. There are no official data for construction from
wise, coal tar is a by-product of coke ovens, but not 2004 onwards.
currently reported. Electricity and Heat: Data should be used with cau-
Combustible Renewables and Waste: A new survey tion since numerous breaks in series occur from 1998
for renewables causes breaks in the time series be- onwards. The German Administration started report-
tween 1998 and 1999. The German Administration ing near the surface geothermal energy in 1995, which
submitted an incomplete annual questionnaire on leads to a break in time series with 1994, where only
renewables and waste for the years 2001 and 2002. As deep geothermal energy is reported. From 1999 on-
a consequence, the IEA Secretariat estimated the wards, small amounts of electricity generation that are

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.21

not accounted for in the data submission have been New information on solid biomass is available from
attributed to various combustible fuels. In some in- 1996 and leads to breaks between 1995 and 1996.
stances, electricity generation from nuclear, hydro, Inputs of solid biomass to charcoal production are
solar and wind in autoproducer electricity plants is estimated by the IEA Secretariat assuming an
confidential or not available and therefore is included efficiency of 40%.
in main activity producer electricity plants. For 2002
Oil: Data on feedstocks for cracking in refineries are
and 2003, the German Administration did not submit
available from 1986. From 1993, a better allocation of
the breakdown of electricity and heat production from
oil used in specific industrial sub-sectors is available.
combustible fuels. The data were estimated as fol-
Due to changes in reporting methods, more detailed
lows: renewables and waste were taken from the
information on final consumption has become avail-
Renewables and Waste Questionnaire and the other
able starting in 1996. Crude oil production stopped on
combustible fuels were estimated pro rata based on
30 November 1998 and started again in December
2001 estimates. Electricity production in electricity
1999.
plants includes production from CHP plants prior to
2003. Due to the implementation of the Energy Statis- Gas: Natural gas produced in Greece has an average
tics Act, collection concerning heat produced in heat gross calorific value of around 53 188 kJ/m3, due to a
plants and district heating plants became more effi- high content of C2/C4 hydrocarbons. In 1997, a new
cient and more complete. This leads to breaks in pipeline between Russia and Greece became opera-
series between 2002 and 2003 and between 2003 and tional. In 1998, consumption in residential is included
2004. Prior to 1993, all heat production from BKB/ with commercial/public services. Production of natu-
peat briquettes is included in main activity producer ral gas stopped on 30 November 1998 and started
CHP plants. Detailed data by fuel are not available for again in December 1999.
total heat production. The non-allocated part is re-
Electricity and Heat: A break in series exists between
ported as heat production from non-specified
1991 and 1992 for electricity consumption in trans-
combustible fuels. In 2007, many main activity CHP
port. Data on combustible renewables and waste are
plants that burn combustible renewables and waste
available from 1992. Production or consumption of
were reclassified as electricity only which result in
distributed heat (heat sold) that is produced from lig-
breaks in the time series between 2006 and 2007.
nite is available from 1997.
The German Federal Statistics Office reclassified
Direct use of geothermal heat in residential is avail-
some industrial branches which may cause a break in
able starting in 2004.
series in industry sub-sectors between 1994 and 1995.
Revisions from the German Administration to the
electricity consumption data may cause breaks in the
time series between 1999 and 2000. The breakdown
Hungary
of heat consumption is not available from 2003 to
2006. The data for that period were estimated as fol- Data are available starting in 1965.
lows: the transformation processes and losses were Coal: Due to sale of an autoproducer power plant,
estimated based on previous years, the heat produced breaks in series occur for coke oven gas and blast fur-
by autoproducers was included in non-specified in- nace gas between 1997 and 1998.
dustry, and the remaining consumption included in
non-specified other. Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for biogas
are available from 2000.
Oil: The Hungarian Administration submitted ques-
Greece tionnaires to the IEA Secretariat for the first time with
1993 data. Data for additives and aviation gasoline are
Coal: Production of gas works gas ceased in 1997. available starting from 1998.
Lignite is used in main activity producer CHP plants
Gas: Due to a new methodology, some breaks in se-
since 1997.
ries exist between 1996 and 1997. From 1997, two
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Solid biomass autoproducer heat plants have been reclassified to
consumption in commercial/public services is main activity producer heat plants. Prior to 2004, iron
included in residential. Data for biogas are available and steel consumption includes transformation of
from 1990 and data for industrial waste from 1992. natural gas in blast furnaces.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.22 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Electricity and Heat: The revision of heat production industry as they had done from 1999 to 2006 and in-
data to conform to IEA reporting methodologies may stead reported all industry consumption under non-
result in a mismatch of fuel inputs with electricity and specified industry. Prior to 2008, all heat for space
heat outputs by plant type, which could cause high heating was reported in residential. From 2008 a por-
efficiencies. Electricity and heat production from solid tion is estimated to be consumed in commercial and
biomass in autoproducer CHP plants is available from public services.
1995. Geothermal heat production from main activity
producer heat plants is also available from 1995. The
Hungarian Administration reclassified some of their Ireland
plants for 1996 and 2000 which may lead to breaks in
the time series. Coal: The production of gas works gas ceased in 1987
Direct use of geothermal heat is available from 1990. due to fuel switching to natural gas. Other bituminous
Direct use of solar thermal heat is available from coal inputs to main activity producer electricity plants
2001. increased from 1986 due to three new generating units
at Moneypoint coming on-line. A reclassification
causes a break in the series for peat consumption in
Iceland the energy industry own use in BKB plants from 1989
to 1990. Patent fuel data from 2007 are confidential.
Coal: Final consumption increased in 2000 due to a Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data on solid
new iron and steel plant coming on-line. Coal data for biomass and biogas are available from 1990.
2008 are estimated by the IEA Secretariat.
Oil: Consumption in commercial/public services in-
Combustible Renewables and Waste: The use of mu- cludes quantities used by state-owned agricultural
nicipal waste to produce heat is available from 1993. companies. Consumption data collected for 1993 are
Oil: Oil supply and consumption data for 2008 are based on a detailed survey. Data for historical years
estimated by the IEA Secretariat. back to 1990 were revised by the National Admini-
stration based on the results of this survey. Owing to
Electricity and Heat: Electricity production from geo- these revisions, breaks in series exist between 1989
thermal sources in main activity producer CHP plants and 1990 in the detailed consumption data for LPG,
is available from 1992. Heat production from munici- kerosene, gas/diesel oil and fuel oil. There is a break
pal waste is available from 1993. In 1998, 60 MW of in series between 2006 and 2007 for white spirit, lu-
generating capacity was installed in the geothermal bricants, bitumen and paraffin waxes due to a new
CHP plant at Nesjavellir. Since the plant was inoper- methodology being applied to sectoral demand by
able for four months, production of geothermal heat Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI).
decreased compared to 1997. The extra electricity
capacity caused electricity production from geother- Gas: The large increase in imports since 1996 is due
mal to almost double over the same period. In 2002, to the depletion of the Kinsale gas field and the avail-
the increase of heat produced by geothermal was due ability of a new pipeline system to the
to the installation of a third unit at the Nesjavellir United Kingdom. The decrease in natural gas con-
CHP power plant. The increase in hydro and geother- sumption in the iron and steel industry from 2001
mal electricity production from 2007 is due to the onwards is due to the shutdown of Ireland’s main steel
expansion of the aluminium industry. plant. Consumption in the chemical industry fell in
2003, due to the shutdown of a fertilizer plant. The
Energy industry own use of electricity refers mainly high consumption in food, beverages and tobacco in
to the use of electricity by the geothermal industry to 2003 is due to a new methodology.
pump geothermal water from underground sources.
The consumption of electricity reported in non- Electricity and Heat: Electricity production from
specified other corresponds to a NATO base at Keflavik wind begins in 1992.
airport which closed in 2005. The increase of electric-
Direct use of geothermal heat is available from 1989.
ity consumption in construction from 2003 to 2005 is
Direct use of solar thermal heat is available from
due to the drilling of tunnels for the Kárahnjúkar
1990.
power plant. Starting in 2007, the Icelandic Admini-
stration decided not to estimate the allocation of The decrease of electricity consumption in the iron
geothermal consumption amongst the sub-sectors of and steel industry from 2001 onwards is due to the

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.23

fact that the main steel plant in Ireland ceased produc- production. However, for the 2000 to 2002 period, all
tion. In accordance with ISIC definitions, electricity electricity production from autoproducers is reported
used for urban transport has been included in non- with main activity producers. The production of elec-
specified transport. The increase in 2004 is due to the tricity reported in the category other fuel sources
new light rail transit system in Dublin. refers to electricity produced from the regasification
of LNG or heat recovered from industrial processes.
From 2000 onwards, electricity generation from syn-
Italy thetic gas produced in the oil tar gasification process
is included under generation from oil products. Heat
Coal: From 1986 onwards, figures from lignite are production is reported starting in 2004 and includes
given using the same methodology as in the Bilancio self-generation in industry.
Energetico Nazionale. In 1991, all industrial activities The breakdown of heat consumption by sector has
were reclassified on the basis of ISTAT/NACE 91. been estimated by the Italian Administration.
This has implied some transfers of activities which
may result in some anomalies between 1991 and ear-
lier years. Due to a change in the survey system, Japan
breaks in series may occur between 1997 and 1998 for
final consumption. From 2000 onwards, the Italian
Administration defines electricity production from For four consecutive years, the IEA received revisions
autoproducers as including generation from producers from the Japanese Administration. The first set of re-
consuming more than 70% of their own production. visions received in 2004 increased the 1990 supply by
5% for coal, 2% for natural gas and 0.7% for oil com-
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Combustible pared to the previous data. This led to an increase of
renewables and waste were reclassified in 2008 which 2.5% in 1990 CO2 emissions calculated using the
result in several breaks in transformation. Data collec- Reference Approach while the Sectoral Approach
tion for wood and other solid biomass consumption by remained fairly constant. For the 2006 edition, the
sector was improved in 2008. IEA received revisions to the coal and oil data which
Oil: Inputs to electricity and heat generation have had a significant impact on both the energy data and
been estimated by the IEA Secretariat for the years the CO2 emissions. The most significant revisions
1984 to 1997 based on submissions of the Electricity occurred for coke oven coke, naphtha, blast furnace
and Heat Questionnaire. All other data for the years gas and petroleum coke. These revisions affected con-
1992 to 1997 and the detailed consumption break- sumption rather than supply in the years concerned.
down for other years have been estimated by the IEA As a result, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions in-
Secretariat based on Bilancio Energetico Nazionale. creased for all the years, however at different rates.
Due to new surveys, breaks appear in the consumption For example, the Sectoral Approach CO2 emissions
series between 1998 and 1999. For gas/diesel oil, non- for 1990 were 4.6% higher than those calculated for
specified use is included in commercial/public the 2005 edition while the 2003 emissions were 1.1%
services. In the 2010 edition, the split between inter- higher than those of the previous edition. Due to the
national marine bunkers and domestic navigation was impact these successive revisions have had on the
revised from 1996 for fuel oil and from 1999 for gas/ final energy balance as well as on CO2 emissions, the
diesel due to a new survey, causing a break in series IEA was in close contact with the Japanese Admini-
in these years. For LPG in 2008, there has been a re- stration to better understand the reasons behind these
classification between residential and commercial/ changes. These changes were mainly due to the
public services. Government of Japan's efforts to improve the input-
output balances in the production of oil products and
Gas: The production of gas works gas from natural
coal products in response to inquiries from the
gas ceased in 1996. Prior to 2008, inputs of natural
UNFCCC Secretariat. To cope with this issue, the
gas for useful heat production in industry are reported
Japanese Administration established a working group
in final consumption.
in March 2004. The working group completed its
Electricity and Heat: From 2000 onwards, the Italian work in April 2006. Many of its conclusions were
Administration defines electricity and heat production incorporated in the 2006 edition but some further re-
from autoproducers as generation from producers that visions to the time series (especially in industry and
consume more than 70% of their own electricity other) were submitted for the 2007 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.24 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Starting in 1990, data are reported on a fiscal year technology (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) was
basis (e.g. April 2008 to March 2009 for 2008). included with electricity generated from wood, wood
waste and other solid waste. Starting in 1998, it is
Coal: The inputs of coke oven coke to blast furnaces
included with electricity generated from coal gases.
as well as the final consumption of coke oven coke in
Electricity consumption in urban transport systems is
iron and steel have been estimated by the IEA Secre-
included with rail.
tariat starting in 1990. From 1998, inputs of coke oven
gas, blast furnace gas and oxygen steel furnace gas
into autoproducer electricity plants include the
amount used to produce electricity with TRT technol-
Korea
ogy (Top pressure Recovery Turbines) which was
previously included in industry. In the 2010 edition, Data are available starting in 1971. Data for 2002 on-
the net calorific values for coal have been recalcu- wards have been reported on a different basis, causing
lated by the IEA Secretariat based upon gross values breaks in series between 2001 and 2002, especially for
submitted by Japan and gross to net conversion fac- inputs and outputs to electricity generation and con-
tors for each coal type used by the IEA. Statistical sumption in the iron and steel industry. The Korean
differences in hard coal since 2004 are primarily due Administration is planning to revise the historical se-
to a stock build by final consumers. ries as time and resources permit.
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Inputs of solid Coal: Data for coal and coal products from 1971 to
biomass to charcoal production are estimated by the 2001 are based on information provided by the Ko-
IEA Secretariat assuming an efficiency of 40%. Stock rean Administration, as well as information from the
changes in industrial waste represent stocked tires on Yearbook of Energy Statistics 2002, the Yearbook of
the consumer side reserved for energy production. For Coal Statistics 2001 (both from the Ministry of Com-
the 2010 edition, the Japanese Administration revised merce, Industry and Energy), and Statistics of Electric
the time series for other biogas and reported amounts Power in Korea 2001 (from the Korea Electric Power
that were blended with natural gas in transformation Corporation). Data on sub-bituminous coal were esti-
from 1990 to 2006. mated by the IEA Secretariat based on statistics of the
exporting countries. Consumption of imported coke
Oil: Orimulsion imports for electricity generation be-
oven coke is reported under non-specified industry.
gin in 1991.
Consumption of manufactured gases in the iron and
Electricity and Heat: Data for the entire time series steel industry after 2002 includes the consumption in
refer to fiscal year. Electricity and heat produced in blast furnaces, oxygen steel furnaces and other iron
CHP plants are not included in the data series. Data on and steel processing plants. Coke oven gas and blast
heat produced for sale by autoproducer heat plants are furnace gas used for energy purposes in coke ovens
not available. Heat production from geothermal and prior to 2002 and in blast furnaces prior to 2007 are
solar thermal sources in Japan is not reported by the reported in the iron and steel industry. Coal tar pro-
Japanese Administration. Production of electricity duction prior to 2007 is not available at this time.
from wind began in 1993. Production of electricity
Combustible Renewables and Waste: In 2007, some
from solar photovoltaic and wind in autoproducer
main activity heat plants and autoproducers in the
plants is understated as it covers only plants with ca-
commercial/public services sector were reclassified as
pacity higher than 1 000 kW. The IEA Secretariat
main activity CHP plants which cause a break in the
estimated the photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation
time series between 2006 and 2007.
from autoproducers starting in 1992 based on an aver-
age capacity factor of 12% and capacity data for Oil: Inputs of fuel oil and naphtha to autoproducer
autoproducers. Autoproducer PV capacity is derived electricity and autoproducer CHP are included with
from data from the Japanese Administration as well as final consumption.
the IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (IEA-
Gas: Prior to 2007, consumption of natural gas in ma-
PVPS) report, “Trends in Photovoltaic Applications”
chinery was included with transport equipment. There
published in 2009. The capacity factor was based on
are breaks in series in industry sub-sectors in 2008
the report “National survey report of PV Power Appli-
due to a new classification.
cations in Japan 2007”, published in 2007 by IEA-
PVPS. The corresponding electricity consumption has Electricity and Heat: Electricity statistics from 1971
been included with non-specified other consumption. to 1993 have been estimated by the Secretariat based
Prior to 1998, the electricity produced using TRT on the Korean National Statistics. Data from 1994

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.25

have been submitted by the Korean Administration. The iron and steel industry stopped production of
This leads to breaks in series between 1993 and 1994. electricity at the end of 1997.
Before 1994, electricity production from main activity
producer CHP plants is included with main activity
producer electricity only plants. Heat data are avail- Mexico
able starting in 1993. For 1993 to 1999, the
breakdown of heat output by type of fuel has been
Data are available starting in 1971 and are partly es-
estimated by the IEA Secretariat. In 2000, the Korean
timated based on the publication Balance Nacional -
Administration started to report heat statistics for
Energía. The Mexican Administration submitted data
some heat plants which were not reported before.
directly by questionnaire for the first time with 1992
Electricity and heat production by autoproducers us-
data. As a result, some breaks in series may occur
ing natural gas and liquid fuels were reported for the
between 1991 and 1992.
first time in 2002. Electricity production using heat
from chemical processes in copper and zinc plants is Coal: Data for coke oven gas and blast furnace gas
available from 2005. The corresponding heat inputs are reported for the first time in 1999.
are estimated. Heat from chemical processes that is
sold is available from 2008. Electricity generation Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data on biogas
reported under other sources is from fuel cells. are available from 1998. Data for solid biomass used
in autoproducer electricity plants from 2003 to 2007
Prior to 2007, production and consumption of have been estimated by the Mexican Administration,
electricity and heat in petroleum refineries and LNG but the resulting efficiencies are not in line with sub-
liquefaction/regasification plants are included in the sequent data which are based on surveys.
industry sector. Prior to 2008, sales of electricity by
Korea’s main electricity distributor, KEPCO, to the Oil: Prior to 1987, the split of LPG consumption be-
non-ferrous metals sector are included in iron and tween residential and commercial/public services has
steel consumption. been estimated by the IEA Secretariat. Inputs of oil
for autoproducer electricity and heat generation have
been included in industry. Consumption of lubricants,
Luxembourg bitumen and paraffin waxes are available from 1990
and petroleum coke from 1993. Because of a change
in the processing of the data, breaks in series occur
Coal: Steel production from blast furnaces ceased at between 1998 and 1999.
the end of 1997. As a consequence, Luxembourg no
longer uses coke oven coke and blast furnace gas. Gas: Natural gas reported in the IEA publications
may be different from what is reported in the Mexican
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data on solid energy publications, as IEA includes only dry gas and
biomass are available from 1992. excludes natural gas liquids. Losses have been in-
Gas: Residential consumption includes consumption cluded in energy industry own use. Beginning with
in commercial/public services and agriculture/ 1993, data have been submitted by the “Secretaria de
forestry. The large increase of gas consumption in Energia”. In the 2010 edition, revisions in many con-
transformation from 2002 onwards is due to a new sumption sectors have been made for several years
350-MW combined cycle power plant. The steep de- prior to 2008 due to availability of more detailed data.
crease in consumption in the iron and steel industry in Electricity and Heat: Electricity production from
2008 is due to the principal producer’s reduction in wind and solar photovoltaic is available from 1990.
activity. Electricity production from combustible renewables
Electricity and Heat: Most of the hydro production and waste is available from 1998. New autoproducer
electricity plants fuelled with coal gases were put on-
shown for Luxembourg is from the Vianden pumped
line in 1999. In the 2010 edition, more detailed infor-
storage plant and is exported directly to Germany.
mation from CFE (Comisión Federal de Electricidad),
Electricity and heat production from natural gas for
Pemex and autoproducers, has led to revisions to the
autoproducer CHP plants are available starting in
electricity generation data, causing statistical differ-
1995. Electricity and heat production from biogas are
ences from 1990 to 2004. Revisions to consumption
available from 1999. Data for solar thermal are avail-
data are pending.
able starting in 1999. The increase in electricity
production in 2002 is due to a new natural gas com- Direct use of solar thermal heat is available from
bined cycle power plant. 1998.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.26 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Some electricity consumption in energy industry own A new main activity producer CHP plant fuelled by
use is included in the industry sub-sector where it was refinery gas started up in 1999 and there was a fuel
generated (e.g. the chemical industry, as well as in reclassification in 2000. In the 2007 edition, the Dutch
non-specified industry). Administration implemented a reporting methodology
which causes some breaks between 2004 and 2005.
Prior to 1990, all electricity and heat produced from
Netherlands coal is included in CHP plants. For natural gas, all
electricity production prior to 1998 and all heat pro-
In the national statistical system of the Netherlands, use duction prior to 1995 is included in CHP plants. For
of fuel in manufacturing industries for CHP production combustible renewables and waste, all electricity and
is considered to be consumption in transformation. heat produced prior to 1995 is included in CHP plants.
However, in IEA statistics, this own use for heat pro- Commercial/public services electricity consumption
duction (autoproduced heat) is reported under the includes small users. Increasing electricity consump-
relevant industry sub-sector, based on estimates pro- tion in agriculture/forestry is due to expansion of
vided by the Central Bureau of Statistics. greenhouse farming. The large increase in electricity
Coal: Paper, pulp and print includes furniture. trade in 1999 is due to the liberalisation of the Dutch
electricity market. A new reporting methodology
Combustible Renewables and Waste: In 2006, for starting in 2005 causes breaks in the heat consumption
municipal waste some plants changed ownership and series. Direct use of geothermal heat in agriculture/
were reclassified from electricity only to CHP plants
forestry starting in 2008 is due to a new project ex-
as they started heat projects. For 2006 and 2007, the
tracting deep geothermal heat.
Dutch Administration only reported consumption of
biogasoline; the IEA Secretariat has estimated the
production and import data as equal shares. Biodiesel
import data are net imports which include exports and
New Zealand
stock changes.
Where data refer to the fiscal year, April 2008 to
Oil: Refinery gas includes chemical gas and is in- March 2009 is shown as 2008.
cluded in chemical industry consumption. Refinery
gas inputs to main activity producer CHP plants begin Coal: Peat, although produced in New Zealand, is not
in 1995. Some breaks in series occur in 2007 when the used as a fuel. It is used for agricultural purposes
Dutch Administration has started to report the petro- only. In final consumption, some industry data are
chemical industry according to IEA methodology. reported in non-specified industry for confidentiality
Gas: From 2003 onwards, an improved method to reasons; mining and quarrying is included in agricul-
allocate unsold steam from autoproducer CHP has ture, and construction is included with commercial/
been used; data are therefore not comparable with the public services. Until 2001, sub-bituminous coal in-
earlier years. All heat plants were converted to CHP puts into autoproducer CHP refers to coal that is
plants in 1990. Consumption in commercial/public merged with iron sands and limestone to form the in-
services includes other non-specified consumption puts for the multi-hearth-furnaces, kilns and melters to
starting in 1988. In 2008, a new autoproducer CHP produce direct reduced iron (Glenbrook Steel Site),
plant came on-stream, accounting for the large con- with off-gases driving the CHP plants. This method,
sumption increases in that year. while not the typical iron and steel process, produces
similar by-products. From 2002, the sub-bituminous
Electricity and Heat: Electricity from other sources coal inputs are reported under coke ovens and the re-
represents generation from expansion gases. Heat in sulting off-gases are reported as production of coke
non-specified transformation represents waste heat oven gas and blast furnace gas. Some transformation
bought from other industries that is generated from efficiencies will appear higher than normal due to
combustible fuels. The corresponding electricity out- non-reporting of certain inputs including some confi-
put is included with that of natural gas. Electricity dential data.
production from solar photovoltaic is available from
1992. The decrease of electricity produced from nu- Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data prior to
clear in 1997 is due to the closure for five months of 1993 are for the fiscal year. In 1999, a re-
one nuclear power plant. Heat produced from com- classification of autoproducer plants leads to breaks in
bustible renewables and waste is available from 1990. the time series.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.27

Oil: Gas/diesel oil consumption in road includes use municipal waste were estimated because the actual
by railways. For reasons of confidentiality, beginning split was not known.
in 1994, the New Zealand Administration no longer
Oil: The IEA Secretariat calculates the net calorific
reports data on the production of methanol. Liquefac-
value for Norwegian crude oil based on the petroleum
tion of other hydrocarbons shown as crude oil
represents synthetic gasoline production from natural product outputs of the oil refineries. Due to revisions
gas. In February 1997, production of synthetic gaso- from the Norwegian Administration, there are breaks
line ceased. in series in 1990, 1993 and 2003. Gas/diesel oil used
in fishing is included in agriculture/forestry prior to
Gas: Main aggregates in transformation, energy, 2000. Consumption of petroleum coke in industry has
transport, industry and other are estimated by the been reclassified from 2005.
National Administration. In February 1997, produc-
tion of synthetic gasoline from natural gas ceased. In Gas: The large increase in town gas in 1992 results
1998, two new autoproducer CHP plants came on- from the start up of new fields. Before 2000, in energy
stream, accounting for the very large consumption industry own use, the oil and gas extraction data in-
increases in that year. A steep decline in consumption cluded data normally included under total final
in chemical industry in 2005 was caused by closure of consumption. Consumption for pipeline transport is
the Motunui methanol production plant. included in energy industry own use. From 2002 on-
wards, domestic navigation is included under non-
Electricity and Heat: The classifications used by the specified transport. The steep increase in non-
Administration of New Zealand were changed in specified transport in 2007 is due to the wider use of
1991. Prior to 1994, data refer to fiscal year. From gas-powered sea vessels. For Norway, supply of natu-
1994, data refer to calendar year. Electricity produc- ral gas is the residual of two very large and opposite
tion by autoproducers for geothermal is available from terms, production and exports. As a result, large statis-
1990. The New Zealand Administration has updated tical differences in some years may lead to
efficiencies for electricity production from geothermal discrepancies in the growth rates of supply and de-
heat from 10% to 15% from 1990 onwards; this mand of natural gas.
causes a break in the time series between 1989 and
1990. Heat from chemical processes used for electric- Electricity and Heat: Heat production from heat
ity production is available from 2004 and corresponds pumps and electric boilers (including the electricity
to acid plants in the fertiliser industry where sulphur is used for this production) is available from 1989. No
the main input. data on electricity production from solar energy are
submitted separately to the IEA by the Norwegian
Direct use of geothermal heat is available from 1990
Administration. Electricity production from wind is
and direct use of solar thermal heat from 2002.
available from 1992. Heat production from biogas is
For electricity, losses include the statistical difference. available from 1995. Breaks in series between 1996
Electricity consumption in paper, pulp and printing is and 1997 are due to a reclassification of main activity
included in wood and wood products prior to 1991. producers and of autoproducers. The electricity gener-
There are breaks in series between 1996 and 1997 for ated from waste heat is shown separately from 1990.
electricity consumption due to a new NZ Standard In- Heat produced by autoproducer heat plants from
dustrial Classification (NZSIC). chemical processes and from other sources and used
for electricity production was estimated by the IEA
Secretariat for the period 1990 to 2006.
Norway
Consumption of electricity for pipeline transport is
included in energy industry own use. Prior to 1990,
Coal: The decrease of bituminous coal production in electricity consumption for wood and wood products
2005 is due to a fire in one of the coal mines; this en-
includes consumption for the manufacture of furni-
tailed a break in the production for a large part of the
ture. Also prior to 1990, electricity consumption for
year.
post and telecommunications and supporting and aux-
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for indus- iliary transport activities is included in non-specified
trial waste and biogas are available from 1991. Data transport. The breakdown of heat consumption by
for biodiesel are confidential until 2005. Only bio- industry sub-sector was expanded in 1992, reclassified
diesel imports are available starting in 2006. Prior to in 1994 and collected by a new reporting system in
2007, equal shares of renewable and non-renewable 1997.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.28 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

waste and from 2003 for industrial waste. Solid bio-


Poland mass consumption in residential includes the non-
commercial part of solid biomass consumed in house-
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for biogas holds. Data for solid biomass were revised by the
refer only to the gas from fermentation of biomass. National Administration from 1990 to 2001, which
Due to data availability, there is a large increase in may result in breaks in series between 1989 and 1990.
solid biomass between 1992 and 1993. Some changes Oil: Consumption of gas/diesel oil in industry and
in the data collection process lead to breaks between commercial/public services represents diesel use in
1996 and 1997. Before 2000, industrial wastes were mobile fleets.
used interchangeably with light fuel oil in some
plants, which might result in breaks in the time series. Gas: Portugal started to import natural gas in Febru-
ary 1997. The decrease in natural gas used for gas
Data on liquid biofuels are available starting in 2003.
works in 2001 is due to the closing of the Lisbon gas
In 2008, a new questionnaire was administered which
works plant in May 2001.
increased the coverage of renewable and waste data.
Electricity and Heat: To conform to IEA methodol-
Oil: Petroleum coke data are available from 2003 on-
ogy, heat produced from combustible renewables and
wards.
waste (mainly black liquor) and from coal gases in
Gas: The inputs of gas in transformation have been autoproducer CHP plants is not accounted for since it
inferred by the Polish Administration and for some is not sold, while the electricity produced in these
years may be out of line with historical data. Gas used plants is included. New plants fuelled by solid bio-
in oil refineries includes natural gas used for hydrogen mass and by municipal waste started in 1999. In 2007,
manufacture in catalytic reforming processes. Natural some power plants that were previously reported as
gas used in pipeline transport is partly included in main activity CHP have been reclassified as autopro-
energy industry own use. The increase in non-specified ducer CHP. The power station that burns industrial
transport in 2007 is due to increased use of gas- waste started to work as a CHP plant in 2007, whereas
powered sea vessels. previously it was only producing electricity.
Electricity and Heat: The Polish Administration Direct use of solar thermal heat is available from 1989
adopted new methods to estimate the production of and direct use of geothermal heat from 1994.
heat sold in autoproducer heat plants (1993) and in
autoproducer CHP plants (1995). This causes breaks
between 1992 and 1993, and between 1994 and 1995 Slovak Republic
for heat production and fuel inputs in these plants and
for heat consumption in industry sub-sectors. In 2008, Data are available starting in 1971. There are some
a number of CHP plants were reclassified from auto- breaks in series between 1992 and 1993. A new sur-
producer to main activity producer due to an industry vey system in 2001 leads to major breaks in series for
re-organisation. most products.
Direct use of geothermal heat is available from 2000 Coal: Commercial/public services includes national
and direct use of solar thermal heat from 2002. statistical differences.
Heat consumption in energy industry own use in- Oil: International aviation includes small quantities of
cludes process heat not sold before 1995. kerosene type jet fuel used for domestic aviation. For
gas/diesel oil, road data include rail use. Energy use of
white spirit is not available.
Portugal Gas: Consumption in other transformation between
1994 and 2004 is mainly natural gas used as a feed-
Coal: Since 1998, sub-bituminous coal is not used. stock in refineries to make LPG. The break in series
The iron and steel industry closed in the first quarter for oil and gas extraction in 2001 is due to application
of 2001, leading to decreases in supply and consump- of the IEA’s definition starting in that year.
tion of coking coal, coke oven coke, coke oven gas
Electricity and Heat: Electricity and heat production from
and blast furnace gas.
combustible fuels from 1990 to 2000 have been estimated
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data are avail- based on the data on fuel used for electricity and heat
able from 1994 for biogas, from 1999 for municipal plants reported in the annual fuel questionnaires.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.29

The low electricity consumption in petroleum refiner- a new plant. Electricity from solar thermal plants is
ies in 2003 and 2004 is due to a change in ownership available from 2007.
and work carried out on a refinery.
Direct use of solar thermal heat and geothermal heat is
Direct use of geothermal heat is available from 2001 available from 1994.
and direct use of solar thermal heat from 2005.

Sweden
Spain
Coal: Other bituminous coal production is coal recov-
Coal: Other bituminous coal use in the iron and steel ered during the quarrying of clay. Autoproducer
industry ceased in 1991 and started again in 1996. inputs to waste heat production that is sold are re-
Consumption of BKB also ended in 1991. Consump- ported in the respective final consumption sectors and
tion of blast furnace gas in the chemical industry not in transformation.
stopped in 1993 while chemical industry use of coke
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Data for biogas
oven gas ceased between 1993 and 2000. Natural gas
begin in 1992. Heat production from solid biomass in
inputs into gas works gas stopped in 1999. Lignite
autoproducer CHP includes waste heat and chemical
mining was halted indefinitely in 2008.
heat. Prior to 2007, municipal waste was reported as
Combustible Renewables and Waste: A new report- 60% non-renewable and 40% renewable. In 2007,
ing system leads to breaks in final consumption reanalysis of the waste revealed the content was 40%
sectors between 1999 and 2000 and again between non-renewable and 60% renewable. This results in
2005 and 2006. In 2000 and 2006, many plants are breaks in the time series between 2006 and 2007 for
reclassified from main activity producer to autopro- both renewable and non-renewable municipal waste.
ducer or vice versa. Prior to 2006, inputs of biogas
Oil: Beginning in 1995, Sweden has changed its stan-
used to generate process heat were erroneously in-
dard classification of industry sub-sectors. Data are
cluded as inputs to transformation when they should
available from 2000 for additives, from 2001 for eth-
have been reported in the appropriate industry in final
ane and from 2003 for refinery gas.
consumption. In the 2010 edition, the National Energy
Commission reclassified plants that consume bio- Gas: Prior to 1993, road transport is included in
gases, leading to breaks in series between 2007 and commercial/public services. Consumption and its
2008. breakdown in 2008 in all sectors, except for electricity
and heat generation, has been estimated by the IEA Se-
Oil: A change in the reporting system in mid-1996 has
cretariat based on other Statistics Sweden publications.
resulted in some breaks in series.
Electricity and Heat: In Sweden, heat produced in
Gas: The increase of natural gas used as feedstock
heat pumps is sold to third parties (as district heat)
starting in 1988 reflects a substitution of naphtha for
and is therefore included in transformation. Inputs to
the production of fertilisers. There is a break in series
heat pumps include heat recovered from industry and
between 1993 and 1994 in autoproducer CHP con-
from ambient sources (including sewage and sea-
sumption, since a new survey revealed a larger
water). Ambient heat is shown as the indigenous
number of CHP autoproducers that had previously
production of heat. The electricity used to drive heat
been included in industry consumption. The large in-
pumps is considered to be transformed and appears as
crease in main activity producer electricity
output in transformation rather than as electricity used
consumption in 1997 is due to two main activity pro-
in energy industry own use. Fuel inputs to the heat
ducer electricity plants running on natural gas in 1997.
that is recovered by the heat pump are reported in the
From 2001 onwards, the final consumption break-
appropriate industry sub-sector (i.e. chemical and pa-
down is estimated by the National Administration.
per, pulp and printing). Information on heat for sale
The consumption data for 2006 and 2007 have been
produced in heat pumps and electric boilers is avail-
estimated on a different basis, thus causing breaks in
able starting in 1992. Heat produced for sale by
the energy industry own use and in final consumption.
autoproducer CHP plants is reported starting in 1992.
Electricity and Heat: The large increase in electricity Heat production from liquid fuels in main activity
output from main activity producer electricity plants producer CHP plants includes heat recovered from
fuelled by natural gas in 1997 is due to the opening of flue-gas condensing for 1997 and 1998.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.30 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Industry consumption of the heat produced by heat Electricity consumption in the transport equipment
pumps has been estimated by the IEA Secretariat based industry is included with machinery.
on fuel inputs submitted by the Swedish Administration
(2/3 in paper, pulp and printing and 1/3 in chemical).
Turkey
Switzerland Coal: Production of gas works gas declined in 1989
due to plant closures; the last plant closed in 1994.
From 1999, data on consumption result from a new Use of gas coke and gas works gas ceased in 1994.
survey and are not comparable with data of previous Due to government regulations in industry and resi-
years. dential, in particular, there has been a shift from the
use of domestically produced coal to imported coal
Coal: From 1985, industrial consumption of gas
and natural gas. Privatisation of state owned coke ov-
works gas is reported in non-specified industry to pre-
ens in recent years results in incomplete information
vent the disclosure of commercially confidential data.
on coke oven gas distribution. Data for 2008 are pro-
Data between 1990 and 2007 were revised for coke
vided from the results of an improved questionnaire.
oven coke and other bituminous coal in the 2010 edi-
Significant changes occur in consumption patterns
tion. Allocation of consumption data between certain
within the iron and steel industry, coal mining as well
coal types is estimated by the Swiss Administration,
as across industry, residential and commercial/public
as are calorific values.
services for other bituminous coal. Some coal used in
Combustible Renewables and Waste: The autopro- cement kilns is reported under construction instead of
ducer heat plant that produced heat for sale using non-metallic minerals in 2008. Historical data may be
municipal waste was closed in 2006. revised in future issues.
Oil: As of 1993, the Swiss Administration has re- Combustible Renewables and Waste: The Turkish
ported figures for naphtha that are net of quantities Administration only surveys renewables and waste
used for blending into motor gasoline. For 1994, used for power and heat intermittently. Due to this
1995, 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2002 this reporting has fact, some breaks may appear in the combustible re-
led to negative production numbers for naphtha. For newables and waste series.
these years, the IEA Secretariat has moved the data
Gas: Data for commercial/public services were in-
into transfers and reduced the production of motor
cluded in residential prior to 2001. The decrease in
gasoline by corresponding amounts. Petroleum coke
natural gas consumption in petrochemical feedstocks
production started in 2004 due to the installation of a
between 1999 and 2001 is related to the fertiliser in-
cracking unit in a refinery.
dustry. Classification improvements resulted in a
Gas: The breakdown of the sub-sectors in industry break in series for non-energy use in the chemical
was estimated by the IEA Secretariat for 2000 and by industry in 2006. Storage capacity has been reviewed
the National Administration from 2001 onwards. The which resulted in a break in series for stock change in
breaks in series in 2007 and 2008 for CHP plants are 2008.
due to the closing of a plant in 2007 and the opening
Electricity and Heat: Data on electricity generated
of another plant in 2008.
from combustible renewables and waste are available
Electricity and Heat: Heat production includes heat from 1991. In 1995, the Turkish Administration re-
produced by nuclear power stations and distributed to classified autoproducer plants by type and source to
other consumers. Solar electricity production by auto- be consistent with IEA definitions. This causes breaks
producers is available from 1990. Electricity between 1994 and 1995 for electricity production in
production from pumped storage by autoproducers is these plants. Electricity production from wind is
available from 1996. In the 2010 edition, data for an available starting in 1998. In the 2006 edition, the
autoproducer heat pump plant that sells heat have Turkish Statistical Office started providing electricity
been included for 1999 onwards. and heat output on the basis of a new survey that re-
vised time series back to 2000. This causes breaks in
Direct use of geothermal heat and solar thermal heat is
the time series between 1999 and 2000. Not all of the
available from 1990. Geothermal direct use is over-
input series have been revised.
stated as it refers to heat production by geothermal
heat pumps, which include inputs from electricity and/ Consumption in the machinery sector includes trans-
or gas in the transformation process. port equipment. Prior to 1998, consumption in the

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.31

wood and wood products includes that of the paper, plants from autoproducer to main activity producer
pulp and printing industry. plants. Electricity production from solar is available
from 1999. Heat output is available starting in 1999.
Electricity consumption in coal mines includes con-
United Kingdom sumption in patent fuel plants. Consumption in gas
works includes electricity use in the transmission/
Coal: Consumption shown for the commercial/public distribution of public supply gas. Consumption in the
services includes consumption of some of non- non-metallic mineral products sector includes mining
specified other. and quarrying. Starting in 1990, small amounts of
Combustible Renewables and Waste: Prior to 2001, electricity used in heat pumps have been included in
some of the industrial waste was reported with other residential. Electricity used for urban transport is in-
oil products. cluded in non-specified transport.
Oil: Prior to 1995, the product breakdown for transfers
is estimated by the UK Administration. Beginning with
1995, the UK Administration revised their product
United States
breakdown for transfers and petrochemical reporting
methodology. Breaks in series for LPG occur between Due to problems in reporting, there are numerous
2000 and 2001 due to a re-allocation of data. Fuel oil breaks in series for the US data, particularly in 1992,
inputs to heat production are available starting in 2000. 1999, 2001 and 2002. Care should be taken when
In the 2010 edition, the split between international civil evaluating consumption by sector since inputs of fuel
aviation and domestic air transport has been revised to autoproducers are included in final consumption for
back to 1990 according to new research. some years.
Gas: From 1992 onwards, losses include metering Coal: Coal tar as a by-product of coke ovens is not
differences and losses due to pipeline leakage. The currently reported.
consumption of natural gas in commercial is included
with non-specified other while public services is Combustible Renewables and Waste: The EIA col-
shown separately. Natural gas consumption includes lects generation and consumption data from all plants
substitute natural gas made at gas works and piped 1 MW or more in capacity.
into the natural gas distribution system. Data in non- Oil: International marine bunkers of fuel oil show a
specified industry refer to sales by independent gas large increase in 1990 due to a change in the data col-
suppliers unallocated by category. The natural gas lection and reporting methodology of the US
used to form synthetic coke oven gas is reported under Administration. From 1992 onwards, the individual
non-specified transformation. components of NGL and LPG have been converted
Electricity and Heat: The reorganisation and subse- using their respective gravities rather than an average
quent privatisation of the electricity supply industry in gravity, resulting in a break in series. In 1993, the US
1990 has resulted in some breaks in series. Inputs and Administration made several adjustments to its collec-
output from natural gas for main activity producer tion system for oil statistics in order to accommodate
electricity production are included in autoproducer the revisions to the Clean Air Act of 1990. As a result,
electricity for 1990 (for reasons of confidentiality). data for oxygenates (i.e. fuel ethanol, MTBE, etc.)
For the United Kingdom, it is necessary to combine were collected in 1993 and reported in the additives
figures for main activity producers and autoproducers category, or in the case of ethanol, in biogasoline. Be-
in order to prevent the disclosure of information relat- ginning in 1994, motor gasoline consumption in
ing to less than three electricity generating companies, commercial/public services is based on a new model
since this information is considered confidential. For from the US Department of Transportation. High sta-
this reason data for main activity producer CHP plants tistical differences for crude oil represent
have been included with autoproducer CHP plants “unaccounted for crude oil”, the difference between
from 1988. Prior to 1988, electricity output from CHP the supply and disposition of crude oil. From 1995,
plants was included with main activity producer elec- LPG inputs to gas works are included in the industry
tricity plants. Prior to 2003, all outputs of electricity sector. As a result of a new Manufacturing Energy
and heat from oil products are reported in the other oil Consumption Survey (MECS), there are breaks in
products category. In 1996, the break in electricity series between 1999 and 2000 for the industry sector,
production from nuclear is due to a reclassification of and again between 2000 and 2001 as the MECS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


I.32 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

percentages were revised due to revisions in electric calculating heat production in CHP plants, and revised
CHP. There were significant revisions to fuel oil and data back to 2006. This leads to breaks in series be-
unfinished oils for 2001 data. Primarily, the changes tween 2005 and 2006. Historical revisions are
are a result of importers misclassifying unfinished oils pending. Electricity generation reported under other
as fuel oil. For 2002 onwards, the IEA Secretariat has sources is from purchased steam. For 2002, autopro-
estimated the amounts of refinery gas for electricity ducer electricity output for oil includes generation
production, which includes gases with a low average from refinery gases with a low average calorific value.
calorific value. Prior to 2002, this output was not accounted for. From
2007, the industrial waste category includes recovered
Gas: The amounts of gas works gas that are blended heat from industrial processes. Accurate accounting of
with natural gas have been estimated from 1990 to
coke oven gas and refinery gas inputs is not always
2002 on the basis of the output efficiency of the process.
possible, which can lead to efficiencies over 100% in
With the exception of petrochemical feedstocks, other
main activity producer CHP plants.
non-energy use of natural gas is included in industry
prior to 2003. A detailed breakdown of industry con- Data for electricity absorbed by pumping and electric-
sumption is not available for natural gas prior to 1995. ity production from pumped storage plants became
From 1995 on, this breakdown is estimated by the available starting in 1987. The consumption of heat
Energy Information Administration, using the Manu- sold in industry is available from 1991 and in energy
facturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) which industry own use from 1992. Prior to 1991, total con-
is conducted quadrennially. No data are available for sumption of heat sold referred to consumption in
the construction and mining and quarrying industries. commercial/public services. No data are available for
Consumption in agriculture, forestry and fisheries is heat sold that is consumed in residential and agriculture/
included in non-specified industry. forestry.
Electricity and Heat: There are breaks in series con- Direct use of solar thermal heat in residential is avail-
cerning the total production of electricity and heat in able from 1999. Prior to 1999, solar thermal
the United States. Comprehensive data on electricity electricity production includes generation from natural
and heat production and consumption in main activity gas because some natural gas units are attached to
producer electricity, CHP and heat plants and auto- solar thermal plants and their production cannot be
producer electricity and CHP plants are not available separated. The IEA Secretariat estimated US photo-
for all years. The selling of main activity producer voltaic (PV) electricity generation from autoproducers
plants to autoproducers may cause breaks in the series starting in 1999 by multiplying the dispersed and dis-
between 1998 and 2000. For the United States, prior tributed PV capacity estimated by the EIA by an
to 2000, autoproducers include small and independent average capacity factor of 12%. The capacity factor
power producers, which under IEA definitions are was based on a report published in 2007 by the IEA
considered main activity producers. In the 2003 edi- Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme, Cost and
tion, the US Administration changed what it was Performance Trends in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic
reporting under autoproducers. This reclassification Systems and Case Studies. The corresponding electric-
causes more breaks between 1999 and 2000. For the ity consumption has been included with non-specified
2009 edition, the EIA changed their methodology for other consumption.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - I.33

4. GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE
Australia excludes the overseas territories. also include Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands,
Denmark excludes Greenland and the Danish Faroes, American Samoa, Johnston Atoll, Midway Islands,
except prior to 1990, where data on oil for Greenland Wake Island and the Northern Mariana Islands.
were included with the Danish statistics. The The International Energy Agency (IEA) includes
Administration is planning to revise the series back to Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the
1974 to exclude these amounts. Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
France includes Monaco, and excludes the following Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea,
overseas departments and territories: Guadeloupe, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway,
Guyana, Martinique, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain,
Reunion, and St.-Pierre and Miquelon. Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom
Germany includes the new federal states of Germany and the United States.
from 1970 onwards. The Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and
Italy includes San Marino and the Vatican. Development5 (OECD) includes Australia, Austria,
Japan includes Okinawa. Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
The Netherlands excludes Suriname and the Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the
Netherlands Antilles. Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Portugal includes the Azores and Madeira. the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States.
Spain includes the Canary Islands.
OECD North America includes Canada, Mexico and
Switzerland includes Liechtenstein for the oil data.
Data for other fuels do not include Liechtenstein. the United States.

Shipments of coal and oil to the Channel Islands and OECD Pacific includes Australia, Japan, Korea and
the Isle of Man from the United Kingdom are not New Zealand.
classed as exports. Supplies of coal and oil to these OECD Europe includes Austria, Belgium, the
islands are, therefore, included as part of UK supply. Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Exports of natural gas to the Isle of Man are included
with the exports to Ireland. Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,
the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the
United States includes the 50 states and the District of Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey
Columbia. Oil statistics as well as coal trade statistics and the United Kingdom.

5. Chile became a member country of the OECD with effect from


7 May 2010. Since the preparation of the annual statistics publications
was well on its way at that stage, data for Chile have not been included
in OECD totals for the 2010 edition and will continue to be included in
Latin America with the OECD non-member countries. The IEA Secre-
tariat will work closely with the Chilean Administration, especially on
the consistency of the time series, to incorporate Chile into OECD
totals in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.1

PART II

STATISTICAL DATA

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.3

COUNTRY-SPECIFIC NET
CALORIFIC VALUES

2008

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.4 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Country specific net calorific values (kilojoule per kilogramme)

2008

Czech
Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece
Republic

Crude oil
Production 43985 42500 - 42790 42000 43000 - 41855 42757 38158
Imports 42655 42500 42750 42790 42365 43000 41830 41855 42757 41540
Exports 43985 - - 42790 42300 43000 - - 42757 41860
Average 43282 42500 42750 42790 42357 43000 41830 41855 42757 41228

NGL 45410 42500 - 45220 - - 45217 42000 - 41555


Refinery feedstocks 43282 42311 42500 42500 41868 42700 42496 41855 42496 41318
Additives - - 25100 - 25120 - 25121 25120 25121 41318
Other hydrocarbons - - - 41868 41868 - 41868 - - -
Biogasoline 26800 26700 26860 26800 27000 26700 27500 26805 26660 -
Biodiesel 36800 36600 38052 36800 37100 37600 36800 37400 37140 37980
Other liquid biofuels - 33365 37000 - - 36800 - - 20900 -

Anthracite
Production 26700 - - - - - - - 29030 -
Imports - 32363 25184 27700 30000 - - - 29030 -
Exports 26700 28033 25184 - 30000 - - - 30100 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - 29710 -
Industry - 32415 25184 27700 30000 - - - 29710 -
Other uses 26700 28033 25184 27700 30000 - - - 29710 -

Coking coal
Production 28500 - - 24890 28584 - - - 29000 -
Imports - 29073 29308 28329 29000 - 29300 30500 29000 -
Exports 28500 - - 24890 28165 - - 30500 - -
Coke ovens 28500 29073 29308 28329 29326 - 29300 30500 29000 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - 29000 -
Industry - - - - - - - - 29000 -
Other uses 28000 29073 29308 28329 28534 - 29300 30500 29000 -

Other bituminous coal


Production 28837 - - 25514 26089 - - 26000 23850 -
Imports - 28453 25781 25514 22900 24419 25200 26000 26090 26044
Exports 28837 28343 25781 25514 25000 24427 - 26000 30130 26044
Coke ovens - - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 28836 27985 27759 29074 22507 24305 24647 25999 25634 -
Industry 28837 30483 29308 25514 23306 26500 25200 26000 25634 26044
Other uses 28836 29382 25781 25514 23348 24425 25200 26000 25000 26044

Sub-bituminous coal
Production 20698 - 21967 17799 - - - - - -
Imports - 22200 22554 17799 - - - - - -
Exports - - - 17799 - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 20698 - - 18300 - - - - - -
Industry 20698 22200 - - - - - - - -
Other uses 20698 22200 21967 17799 - - - - - -

Lignite
Production 9310 - - 14464 12724 - - - 8992 5179
Imports - 9015 8370 14464 15371 - - 17000 16412 5179
Exports - - - 14464 15754 - - - 9726 -
Main activity elec. generation 10011 - - 15000 12434 - - - 8879 5179
Industry 9310 10004 8370 - 12319 - - 17000 10312 8025
Other uses 9310 9158 8370 14464 13503 - - 17000 10313 5179

Patent fuel - 31003 29308 - - - - 32000 31400 -


Coke oven coke 25650 29000 27696 27389 27304 29300 29300 28000 28650 30230
Coal tar 38519 41800 - - 37000 - 37000 38000 - -
BKB 22222 19303 20097 - 22000 18300 - - 20450 14199
Peat - 8800 - - - - 10200 - - -
Charcoal - 31000 30800 - - - - - - 31000

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.5

Country specific net calorific values (kilojoule per kilogramme)

2008

Luxem- Nether- New


Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico
bourg lands Zealand

Crude oil
Production 41810 - - 41860 42415 42700 - 45256 42700 43620
Imports 41797 - 42830 41860 42415 42700 - - 42700 41987
Exports 41800 - - 41860 - - - 45256 42700 43682
Average 41796 - 42830 41860 42415 42700 - 45256 42700 43097

NGL 43000 - - - 43712 - - 42661 44000 45618


Refinery feedstocks 41800 - 42500 41860 42500 44800 - - 42496 43750
Additives - - - 25121 - 41868 - 46015 25121 -
Other hydrocarbons 40000 - - - - - - - - -
Biogasoline 26600 - 24091 26800 - - 27000 - 27700 -
Biodiesel 37500 - 37273 37400 - 38210 37000 - 37000 -
Other liquid biofuels - - 36364 36700 - - 37000 - 36500 -

Anthracite
Production - - - - - 19259 - - - -
Imports - - 27842 - 26362 26796 29300 - 29300 -
Exports - - - - - - - - 29300 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - 19263 - - - -
Industry - - - - - 26796 29300 - 29300 -
Other uses - - 27842 - 26362 19259 29300 - 29300 -

Coking coal
Production - - - - - - - 23483 - 29420
Imports 31430 28050 - 30984 28130 28261 - - 28671 29420
Exports 31430 - - - - - - - 28671 29420
Coke ovens 31430 - - 30984 28227 28261 - 23483 28671 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - - -
Industry - 28050 - - - 28261 - - - -
Other uses 31430 28050 - 30984 27354 28261 - 23483 28671 29420

Other bituminous coal


Production - - - 26587 - - - - - 28230
Imports 24080 28050 27838 26587 24801 24911 29300 23483 24664 28230
Exports - - 27842 - 24801 - - - 24664 -
Coke ovens - - - - 24801 - - 23483 - -
Main activity elec. generation 22559 - 25931 25521 25058 24912 - - 24682 -
Industry 24480 28050 27842 26587 24801 24911 29300 - - 28230
Other uses 24000 28050 27842 26587 24801 24908 29300 23483 24664 28230

Sub-bituminous coal
Production - - - - - - - 19405 - 20610
Imports 16550 - - - - 20934 - 19405 - 20610
Exports 16640 - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 16108 - - - - 20933 - 19987 - 21976
Industry 16000 - - - - 19259 - 19405 - 20610
Other uses 17870 - - - - 20933 - 19405 - 20610

Lignite
Production 7540 - - - - - - - - 13380
Imports - - 19820 10468 - - - 14100 20000 13380
Exports 8150 - 19820 - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 7384 - - - - - - - - -
Industry 13550 - - 10468 - - - - 20000 13380
Other uses 10820 - 19820 10468 - - - 14100 20000 13380

Patent fuel - - - - - 19259 - - 29300 -


Coke oven coke 29480 26670 - 29000 29400 29308 - 26521 28500 29500
Coal tar 38000 - - - 35393 37000 - - 41900 -
BKB 20000 - 18548 - - - 20100 - - -
Peat - - 8743 - - - - - - -
Charcoal - - - 30800 29300 - - - 30000 -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.6 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Country specific net calorific values (kilojoule per kilogramme)

2008

Slovak Switzer- United United


Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey
Republic land Kingdom States

Crude oil
Production 42665 42743 - 41200 42665 - - 41370 43371 43261
Imports 42665 42500 42915 41999 42665 42161 43225 41570 43371 43150
Exports 42665 42743 - 41694 - - - - 43371 43261
Average 42665 42506 42915 41994 42665 42161 43225 41520 43371 43095

NGL 43795 - - 41200 - - - - 45910 46378


Refinery feedstocks 42300 42496 43996 43860 42500 44244 - 42500 42496 43822
Additives - 34364 - 43764 25100 25121 41325 - - 25121
Other hydrocarbons - 42500 - 41500 - - - - - 51004
Biogasoline - 26700 - 21485 26795 26886 26524 26800 26800 26747
Biodiesel 36800 37700 37000 40155 36844 37513 32040 37046 36800 40933
Other liquid biofuels - 37700 36800 - - 42095 - - - 21583

Anthracite
Production - - - - 18440 - - - - 28796
Imports - - 27238 27446 26219 - 28100 - - 29028
Exports - - 27238 - 25300 - - - - 28796
Main activity elec. generation - - - 25620 20889 - - - - 13241
Industry - - 27238 27446 25250 - 28100 - - 20328
Other uses - - 27238 27446 26900 - 28100 - - 22892

Coking coal
Production - 29560 - - - - - 26260 30400 28288
Imports - 29580 - 27931 30009 30000 - 28829 28900 28203
Exports - 29640 - - - - - - 30400 27567
Coke ovens - 29598 - 27931 30009 30000 - 29194 31000 29648
Main activity elec. generation - 28004 - - - - - - - -
Industry - 29052 - - - - - 26878 30400 -
Other uses - 29584 - 27931 30009 30000 - 27011 30400 28532

Other bituminous coal


Production 28100 22980 - - 19215 - - 16000 25000 26840
Imports 28100 24170 25389 25853 23610 27400 28100 26616 25200 25913
Exports 28100 27750 25608 - 24011 27400 - - 30600 27443
Coke ovens - - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 28100 21553 25386 25197 23045 27900 - 21610 24855 25776
Industry 28100 23027 25826 25853 24200 26860 28100 27128 25700 27282
Other uses 28100 25592 25826 25853 26050 27400 28100 26941 24800 27293

Sub-bituminous coal
Production - - - - 13055 - - 17585 - 19014
Imports - - - - - - - - - 20049
Exports - - - - - - - - - 18864
Main activity elec. generation - - - - 12672 - - - - 19273
Industry - - - - - - - 17585 - 19904
Other uses - - - - 13055 - - 17585 - 18637

Lignite
Production - 8930 - 10778 - - - 8358 - 13935
Imports - 8670 - 14258 - - 20100 - - 13834
Exports - 8921 - - - - - - - 13914
Main activity elec. generation - 8887 - 10213 - - - 6700 - 14314
Industry - 8936 - 11301 - - 20100 20062 - 14749
Other uses - 10262 - 11301 - - 20100 18970 - 14884

Patent fuel - 23163 - 28000 - - - - 31000 22963


Coke oven coke 28500 27762 29643 27470 30139 28080 28100 28491 28300 28842
Coal tar - 37720 - 33490 38519 - - - - -
BKB - 17409 - 18500 - - - 18422 - -
Peat - - - - - 12500 - - - -
Charcoal - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.7

Country specific net calorific values (tonne of oil equivalent per tonne)

2008

Czech
Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France Germany Greece
Republic

Crude oil
Production 1.0506 1.0151 - 1.0220 1.0032 1.0270 - 0.9997 1.0212 0.9114
Imports 1.0188 1.0151 1.0211 1.0220 1.0119 1.0270 0.9991 0.9997 1.0212 0.9922
Exports 1.0506 - - 1.0220 1.0103 1.0270 - - 1.0212 0.9998
Average 1.0338 1.0151 1.0211 1.0220 1.0117 1.0270 0.9991 0.9997 1.0212 0.9847

NGL 1.0846 1.0151 - 1.0801 - - 1.0800 1.0032 - 0.9925


Refinery feedstocks 1.0338 1.0106 1.0151 1.0151 1.0000 1.0199 1.0150 0.9997 1.0150 0.9869
Additives - - 0.5995 - 0.6000 - 0.6000 0.6000 0.6000 0.9869
Other hydrocarbons - - - 1.0000 1.0000 - 1.0000 - - -
Biogasoline 0.6401 0.6377 0.6415 0.6401 0.6449 0.6377 0.6568 0.6402 0.6368 -
Biodiesel 0.8790 0.8742 0.9089 0.8790 0.8861 0.8981 0.8790 0.8933 0.8871 0.9071
Other liquid biofuels - 0.7969 0.8837 - - 0.8790 - - 0.4992 -

Anthracite
Production 0.6377 - - - - - - - 0.6934 -
Imports - 0.7730 0.6015 0.6616 0.7165 - - - 0.6934 -
Exports 0.6377 0.6696 0.6015 - 0.7165 - - - 0.7189 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - 0.7096 -
Industry - 0.7742 0.6015 0.6616 0.7165 - - - 0.7096 -
Other uses 0.6377 0.6696 0.6015 0.6616 0.7165 - - - 0.7096 -

Coking coal
Production 0.6807 - - 0.5945 0.6827 - - - 0.6927 -
Imports - 0.6944 0.7000 0.6766 0.6927 - 0.6998 0.7285 0.6927 -
Exports 0.6807 - - 0.5945 0.6727 - - 0.7285 - -
Coke ovens 0.6807 0.6944 0.7000 0.6766 0.7004 - 0.6998 0.7285 0.6927 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - 0.6927 -
Industry - - - - - - - - 0.6927 -
Other uses 0.6688 0.6944 0.7000 0.6766 0.6815 - 0.6998 0.7285 0.6927 -

Other bituminous coal


Production 0.6888 - - 0.6094 0.6231 - - 0.6210 0.5696 -
Imports - 0.6796 0.6158 0.6094 0.5470 0.5832 0.6019 0.6210 0.6231 0.6221
Exports 0.6888 0.6770 0.6158 0.6094 0.5971 0.5834 - 0.6210 0.7196 0.6221
Coke ovens - - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.6887 0.6684 0.6630 0.6944 0.5376 0.5805 0.5887 0.6210 0.6123 -
Industry 0.6888 0.7281 0.7000 0.6094 0.5567 0.6329 0.6019 0.6210 0.6123 0.6221
Other uses 0.6887 0.7018 0.6158 0.6094 0.5577 0.5834 0.6019 0.6210 0.5971 0.6221

Sub-bituminous coal
Production 0.4944 - 0.5247 0.4251 - - - - - -
Imports - 0.5302 0.5387 0.4251 - - - - - -
Exports - - - 0.4251 - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.4944 - - 0.4371 - - - - - -
Industry 0.4944 0.5302 - - - - - - - -
Other uses 0.4944 0.5302 0.5247 0.4251 - - - - - -

Lignite
Production 0.2224 - - 0.3455 0.3039 - - - 0.2148 0.1237
Imports - 0.2153 0.1999 0.3455 0.3671 - - 0.4060 0.3920 0.1237
Exports - - - 0.3455 0.3763 - - - 0.2323 -
Main activity elec. generation 0.2391 - - 0.3583 0.2970 - - - 0.2121 0.1237
Industry 0.2224 0.2389 0.1999 - 0.2942 - - 0.4060 0.2463 0.1917
Other uses 0.2224 0.2187 0.1999 0.3455 0.3225 - - 0.4060 0.2463 0.1237

Patent fuel - 0.7405 0.7000 - - - - 0.7643 0.7500 -


Coke oven coke 0.6126 0.6927 0.6615 0.6542 0.6521 0.6998 0.6998 0.6688 0.6843 0.7220
Coal tar 0.9200 0.9984 - - 0.8837 - 0.8837 0.9076 - -
BKB 0.5308 0.4610 0.4800 - 0.5255 0.4371 - - 0.4884 0.3391
Peat - 0.2102 - - - - 0.2436 - - -
Charcoal - 0.7404 0.7356 - - - - - - 0.7404

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.8 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Country specific net calorific values (tonne of oil equivalent per tonne)

2008

Luxem- Nether- New


Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Japan Korea Mexico
bourg lands Zealand

Crude oil
Production 0.9986 - - 0.9998 1.0131 1.0199 - 1.0809 1.0199 1.0418
Imports 0.9983 - 1.0230 0.9998 1.0131 1.0199 - - 1.0199 1.0028
Exports 0.9984 - - 0.9998 - - - 1.0809 1.0199 1.0433
Average 0.9983 - 1.0230 0.9998 1.0131 1.0199 - 1.0809 1.0199 1.0294

NGL 1.0270 - - - 1.0440 - - 1.0189 1.0509 1.0896


Refinery feedstocks 0.9984 - 1.0151 0.9998 1.0151 1.0700 - - 1.0150 1.0450
Additives - - - 0.6000 - 1.0000 - 1.0990 0.6000 -
Other hydrocarbons 0.9554 - - - - - - - - -
Biogasoline 0.6353 - 0.5754 0.6401 - - 0.6449 - 0.6616 -
Biodiesel 0.8957 - 0.8903 0.8933 - 0.9126 0.8837 - 0.8837 -
Other liquid biofuels - - 0.8685 0.8766 - - 0.8837 - 0.8718 -

Anthracite
Production - - - - - 0.4600 - - - -
Imports - - 0.6650 - 0.6296 0.6400 0.6998 - 0.6998 -
Exports - - - - - - - - 0.6998 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - 0.4601 - - - -
Industry - - - - - 0.6400 0.6998 - 0.6998 -
Other uses - - 0.6650 - 0.6296 0.4600 0.6998 - 0.6998 -

Coking coal
Production - - - - - - - 0.5609 - 0.7027
Imports 0.7507 0.6700 - 0.7400 0.6719 0.6750 - - 0.6848 0.7027
Exports 0.7507 - - - - - - - 0.6848 0.7027
Coke ovens 0.7507 - - 0.7400 0.6742 0.6750 - 0.5609 0.6848 -
Main activity elec. generation - - - - - - - - - -
Industry - 0.6700 - - - 0.6750 - - - -
Other uses 0.7507 0.6700 - 0.7400 0.6533 0.6750 - 0.5609 0.6848 0.7027

Other bituminous coal


Production - - - 0.6350 - - - - - 0.6743
Imports 0.5751 0.6700 0.6649 0.6350 0.5924 0.5950 0.6998 0.5609 0.5891 0.6743
Exports - - 0.6650 - 0.5924 - - - 0.5891 -
Coke ovens - - - - 0.5924 - - 0.5609 - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.5388 - 0.6194 0.6096 0.5985 0.5950 - - 0.5895 -
Industry 0.5847 0.6700 0.6650 0.6350 0.5924 0.5950 0.6998 - - 0.6743
Other uses 0.5732 0.6700 0.6650 0.6350 0.5924 0.5949 0.6998 0.5609 0.5891 0.6743

Sub-bituminous coal
Production - - - - - - - 0.4635 - 0.4923
Imports 0.3953 - - - - 0.5000 - 0.4635 - 0.4923
Exports 0.3974 - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.3847 - - - - 0.5000 - 0.4774 - 0.5249
Industry 0.3822 - - - - 0.4600 - 0.4635 - 0.4923
Other uses 0.4268 - - - - 0.5000 - 0.4635 - 0.4923

Lignite
Production 0.1801 - - - - - - - - 0.3196
Imports - - 0.4734 0.2500 - - - 0.3368 0.4777 0.3196
Exports 0.1947 - 0.4734 - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.1764 - - - - - - - - -
Industry 0.3236 - - 0.2500 - - - - 0.4777 0.3196
Other uses 0.2584 - 0.4734 0.2500 - - - 0.3368 0.4777 0.3196

Patent fuel - - - - - 0.4600 - - 0.6998 -


Coke oven coke 0.7041 0.6370 - 0.6927 0.7022 0.7000 - 0.6334 0.6807 0.7046
Coal tar 0.9076 - - - 0.8453 0.8837 - - 1.0008 -
BKB 0.4777 - 0.4430 - - - 0.4801 - - -
Peat - - 0.2088 - - - - - - -
Charcoal - - - 0.7356 0.6998 - - - 0.7165 -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.9

Country specific net calorific values (tonne of oil equivalent per tonne)

2008

Slovak Switzer- United United


Norway Poland Portugal Spain Sweden Turkey
Republic land Kingdom States

Crude oil
Production 1.0190 1.0209 - 0.9840 1.0190 - - 0.9881 1.0359 1.0333
Imports 1.0190 1.0151 1.0250 1.0031 1.0190 1.0070 1.0324 0.9929 1.0359 1.0306
Exports 1.0190 1.0209 - 0.9958 - - - - 1.0359 1.0333
Average 1.0190 1.0152 1.0250 1.0030 1.0190 1.0070 1.0324 0.9917 1.0359 1.0293

NGL 1.0460 - - 0.9840 - - - - 1.0965 1.1077


Refinery feedstocks 1.0103 1.0150 1.0508 1.0476 1.0151 1.0567 - 1.0151 1.0150 1.0467
Additives - 0.8208 - 1.0453 0.5995 0.6000 0.9870 - - 0.6000
Other hydrocarbons - 1.0151 - 0.9912 - - - - - 1.2182
Biogasoline - 0.6377 - 0.5132 0.6400 0.6422 0.6335 0.6401 0.6401 0.6388
Biodiesel 0.8790 0.9004 0.8837 0.9591 0.8800 0.8960 0.7653 0.8848 0.8790 0.9777
Other liquid biofuels - 0.9004 0.8790 - - 1.0054 - - - 0.5155

Anthracite
Production - - - - 0.4404 - - - - 0.6878
Imports - - 0.6506 0.6555 0.6262 - 0.6712 - - 0.6933
Exports - - 0.6506 - 0.6043 - - - - 0.6878
Main activity elec. generation - - - 0.6119 0.4989 - - - - 0.3163
Industry - - 0.6506 0.6555 0.6031 - 0.6712 - - 0.4855
Other uses - - 0.6506 0.6555 0.6425 - 0.6712 - - 0.5468

Coking coal
Production - 0.7060 - - - - - 0.6272 0.7261 0.6756
Imports - 0.7065 - 0.6671 0.7168 0.7165 - 0.6886 0.6903 0.6736
Exports - 0.7079 - - - - - - 0.7261 0.6584
Coke ovens - 0.7069 - 0.6671 0.7168 0.7165 - 0.6973 0.7404 0.7081
Main activity elec. generation - 0.6689 - - - - - - - -
Industry - 0.6939 - - - - - 0.6420 0.7261 -
Other uses - 0.7066 - 0.6671 0.7168 0.7165 - 0.6451 0.7261 0.6815

Other bituminous coal


Production 0.6712 0.5489 - - 0.4589 - - 0.3822 0.5971 0.6411
Imports 0.6712 0.5773 0.6064 0.6175 0.5639 0.6544 0.6712 0.6357 0.6019 0.6189
Exports 0.6712 0.6628 0.6116 - 0.5735 0.6544 - - 0.7309 0.6555
Coke ovens - - - - - - - - - -
Main activity elec. generation 0.6712 0.5148 0.6063 0.6018 0.5504 0.6664 - 0.5161 0.5937 0.6156
Industry 0.6712 0.5500 0.6168 0.6175 0.5780 0.6415 0.6712 0.6479 0.6138 0.6516
Other uses 0.6712 0.6113 0.6168 0.6175 0.6222 0.6544 0.6712 0.6435 0.5923 0.6519

Sub-bituminous coal
Production - - - - 0.3118 - - 0.4200 - 0.4541
Imports - - - - - - - - - 0.4789
Exports - - - - - - - - - 0.4506
Main activity elec. generation - - - - 0.3027 - - - - 0.4603
Industry - - - - - - - 0.4200 - 0.4754
Other uses - - - - 0.3118 - - 0.4200 - 0.4451

Lignite
Production - 0.2133 - 0.2574 - - - 0.1996 - 0.3328
Imports - 0.2071 - 0.3405 - - 0.4801 - - 0.3304
Exports - 0.2131 - - - - - - - 0.3323
Main activity elec. generation - 0.2123 - 0.2439 - - - 0.1600 - 0.3419
Industry - 0.2134 - 0.2699 - - 0.4801 0.4792 - 0.3523
Other uses - 0.2451 - 0.2699 - - 0.4801 0.4531 - 0.3555

Patent fuel - 0.5532 - 0.6688 - - - - 0.7404 0.5485


Coke oven coke 0.6807 0.6631 0.7080 0.6561 0.7199 0.6707 0.6712 0.6805 0.6759 0.6889
Coal tar - 0.9009 - 0.7999 0.9200 - - - - -
BKB - 0.4158 - 0.4419 - - - 0.4400 - -
Peat - - - - - 0.2986 - - - -
Charcoal - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.11

ENERGY BALANCE SHEETS AND


ENERGY INDICATORS

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.12 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Total : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1027.23 926.46 - 923.18 592.38 108.41 47.43 217.69 - 0.51 3843.28
Imports 382.30 1654.41 528.05 589.46 - - - 5.89 35.14 0.00 3195.25
Exports -253.08 -389.10 -436.67 -266.36 - - - -2.50 -34.87 -0.01 -1382.58
Intl. marine bunkers - - -101.82 - - - - - - - -101.82
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -87.69 - - - - - - - -87.69
Stock changes -1.13 4.62 4.43 16.06 - - - -0.30 - - 23.69
TPES 1155.31 2196.39 -93.70 1262.34 592.38 108.41 47.43 220.78 0.27 0.51 5490.13
Transfers - -53.75 66.54 - - - - - - - 12.79
Statistical differences -9.29 -12.62 0.28 1.13 - - -0.00 0.00 0.05 0.40 -20.06
Electricity plants -844.14 -9.80 -72.34 -315.73 -589.04 -108.41 -39.06 -37.05 826.22 -0.22 -1189.57
CHP plants -84.55 - -14.87 -105.95 -3.34 - -1.00 -25.68 90.35 59.02 -86.02
Heat plants -4.63 - -1.34 -7.78 - - -0.13 -3.97 -0.35 13.73 -4.48
Blast furnaces -52.08 - -1.37 -0.12 - - - - - - -53.57
Gas works -2.23 - -1.92 2.59 - - - -0.01 - - -1.57
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -3.48 0.02 -1.00 -0.04 - - - - - - -4.51
Oil refineries - -2143.71 2137.53 -0.57 - - - - - - -6.75
Petrochemical plants - 27.29 -27.84 - - - - - - - -0.55
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.72 - - - - - - -1.15
Other transformation 0.01 0.16 - -0.39 - - - -0.12 - -0.18 -0.54
Energy ind. own use -14.54 -0.27 -123.18 -96.92 - - -0.00 -0.07 -63.46 -8.69 -307.13
Losses -0.93 - -0.02 -2.70 - - -0.13 -0.04 -58.46 -4.86 -67.14
TFC 139.45 4.27 1866.77 734.14 - - 7.11 153.84 794.61 59.70 3759.89
INDUSTRY 118.76 1.29 128.13 261.95 - - 0.42 73.04 270.76 25.71 880.07
Iron and steel 42.81 - 5.86 25.86 - - - 0.19 32.59 0.57 107.87
Chemical and petrochem. 11.27 1.29 28.64 63.99 - - - 2.35 50.56 12.51 170.61
Non-ferrous metals 2.70 - 3.06 12.34 - - 0.00 0.11 27.80 0.40 46.41
Non-metallic minerals 22.59 - 22.26 31.39 - - 0.00 3.62 15.59 0.24 95.68
Transport equipment 0.25 - 1.48 9.83 - - 0.00 0.01 10.39 0.80 22.75
Machinery 0.63 - 5.27 19.89 - - 0.00 0.06 30.73 0.71 57.28
Mining and quarrying 0.68 - 5.56 10.04 - - - 0.01 8.27 0.30 24.86
Food and tobacco 6.49 - 10.71 31.38 - - 0.00 4.77 20.54 1.67 75.57
Paper, pulp and printing 7.47 - 9.54 24.63 - - 0.14 47.48 32.94 3.67 125.87
Wood and wood products 0.18 - 2.69 2.61 - - - 9.99 5.17 0.76 21.41
Construction 2.16 - 10.41 1.93 - - 0.00 0.10 1.74 0.06 16.40
Textile and leather 0.74 - 2.19 6.42 - - 0.00 0.08 7.33 1.04 17.81
Non-specified 20.80 - 20.46 21.63 - - 0.28 4.26 27.12 3.00 97.54
TRANSPORT 0.10 - 1173.15 22.11 - - - 22.96 9.62 - 1227.94
Domestic aviation - - 80.06 - - - - - - - 80.06
Road - - 1052.37 1.87 - - - 22.96 0.00 - 1077.20
Rail 0.00 - 19.50 - - - - - 7.58 - 27.09
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 20.10 - - - - 0.40 - 20.51
Domestic navigation 0.09 - 19.45 - - - - - - - 19.54
Non-specified - - 1.75 0.14 - - - - 1.64 - 3.54
OTHER 17.21 - 215.30 419.66 - - 6.69 57.84 514.22 33.99 1264.91
Residential 12.36 - 97.10 264.73 - - 5.24 51.44 246.82 18.37 696.05
Comm. and public services 3.63 - 67.83 142.21 - - 1.00 4.48 245.42 10.53 475.10
Agriculture/forestry 1.14 - 43.78 4.30 - - 0.15 1.91 7.22 0.30 58.81
Fishing - - 4.64 0.00 - - 0.04 - 0.21 0.00 4.89
Non-specified 0.09 - 1.95 8.41 - - 0.26 0.01 14.54 4.78 30.05
NON-ENERGY USE 3.38 2.98 350.19 30.43 - - - - - - 386.98
in industry/transf./energy 3.10 2.98 341.78 30.43 - - - - - - 378.28
of which: feedstocks 0.99 2.98 235.50 29.27 - - - - - - 268.74
in transport - - 4.92 - - - - - - - 4.92
in other 0.28 - 3.50 - - - - - - - 3.78

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 3960.04 46.48 390.77 2309.59 2272.64 1260.53 201.23 215.72 - 0.75 10657.75
Electricity plants 3634.92 46.45 323.64 1760.44 2260.28 1260.53 198.81 121.33 - 0.42 9606.83
CHP plants 325.12 0.02 67.13 549.15 12.36 - 2.42 94.39 - 0.33 1050.92
Heat generated - PJ 866.12 0.08 304.13 1389.89 4.85 - 23.88 436.62 7.59 34.59 3067.72
CHP plants 716.14 0.08 270.73 1162.61 4.85 - 8.26 307.41 1.73 9.45 2481.25
Heat plants 149.98 - 33.40 227.28 - - 15.62 129.21 5.85 25.13 586.47

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.13

OECD Total : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1034.86 896.40 - 948.59 592.32 112.87 51.75 226.10 - 0.61 3863.51
Imports 381.29 1635.19 533.41 603.36 - - - 8.16 34.49 0.00 3195.90
Exports -270.41 -368.66 -471.48 -282.11 - - - -4.30 -33.53 -0.01 -1430.51
Intl. marine bunkers - - -92.57 - - - - - - - -92.57
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -89.13 - - - - - - - -89.13
Stock changes -17.65 -5.72 -2.05 1.14 - - - -0.49 - - -24.77
TPES 1128.09 2157.22 -121.82 1270.98 592.32 112.87 51.75 229.46 0.95 0.61 5422.43
Transfers - -30.39 43.05 - - - - - - - 12.67
Statistical differences -13.12 -22.94 -13.24 3.74 - - -0.00 0.01 0.03 -0.03 -45.56
Electricity plants -816.21 -6.91 -61.10 -320.66 -588.78 -112.87 -42.86 -38.56 829.25 -0.23 -1158.93
CHP plants -83.70 - -13.50 -107.79 -3.54 - -1.06 -26.21 88.89 58.40 -88.50
Heat plants -4.35 - -1.06 -7.15 - - -0.13 -4.18 -0.33 13.71 -3.49
Blast furnaces -49.47 - -1.19 -0.11 - - - - - - -50.77
Gas works -2.41 - -1.99 2.69 - - - -0.01 - - -1.72
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -8.59 - -1.16 -0.04 - - - - - - -9.79
Oil refineries - -2118.53 2114.75 -0.57 - - - - - - -4.35
Petrochemical plants - 24.75 -25.29 - - - - - - - -0.54
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.71 - - - - - - -1.14
Other transformation 0.01 0.19 - -0.43 - - - -0.13 - -0.33 -0.71
Energy ind. own use -14.27 -0.27 -119.50 -98.73 - - -0.00 -0.17 -67.12 -8.23 -308.29
Losses -0.90 - -0.01 -2.81 - - -0.14 -0.04 -56.70 -4.84 -65.45
TFC 135.08 3.70 1797.95 737.38 - - 7.56 160.17 794.97 59.06 3695.88
INDUSTRY 109.76 0.76 123.74 253.10 - - 0.42 70.53 266.51 24.60 849.41
Iron and steel 42.39 - 5.21 25.35 - - - 0.19 31.26 0.52 104.91
Chemical and petrochem. 11.53 0.76 27.36 61.78 - - 0.00 1.68 49.74 11.33 164.18
Non-ferrous metals 2.76 - 3.11 11.71 - - 0.00 0.10 28.58 0.43 46.70
Non-metallic minerals 21.31 - 21.10 31.03 - - 0.00 4.04 15.67 0.22 93.35
Transport equipment 0.24 - 1.50 9.47 - - 0.00 0.01 10.38 0.79 22.38
Machinery 0.42 - 4.65 19.69 - - 0.00 0.06 30.84 0.70 56.35
Mining and quarrying 0.80 - 5.82 9.91 - - - 0.00 8.13 0.22 24.88
Food and tobacco 5.79 - 10.31 30.98 - - 0.00 4.98 20.40 1.70 74.16
Paper, pulp and printing 7.70 - 9.09 23.17 - - 0.14 44.92 31.96 3.68 120.66
Wood and wood products 0.15 - 3.89 2.77 - - - 10.15 5.14 0.78 22.88
Construction 2.87 - 10.39 2.23 - - 0.00 0.09 1.74 0.05 17.39
Textile and leather 0.53 - 1.51 6.03 - - 0.00 0.07 6.90 0.91 15.95
Non-specified 13.28 - 19.79 19.00 - - 0.28 4.23 25.75 3.27 85.60
TRANSPORT 0.11 - 1128.15 22.29 - - - 30.75 9.68 - 1190.97
Domestic aviation - - 73.86 - - - - - - - 73.86
Road - - 1017.18 2.20 - - - 30.75 0.00 - 1050.14
Rail 0.01 - 16.76 - - - - - 7.54 - 24.31
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 19.95 - - - - 0.42 - 20.38
Domestic navigation 0.10 - 18.89 - - - - - - - 18.99
Non-specified - - 1.45 0.14 - - - - 1.72 - 3.30
OTHER 21.95 - 218.52 431.95 - - 7.14 58.89 518.79 34.46 1291.68
Residential 15.16 - 99.41 271.00 - - 5.62 52.28 247.65 18.37 709.49
Comm. and public services 4.85 - 69.50 148.36 - - 1.07 4.68 246.56 11.09 486.12
Agriculture/forestry 1.18 - 43.78 3.74 - - 0.15 1.91 7.65 0.31 58.73
Fishing - - 4.08 0.00 - - 0.03 - 0.22 0.02 4.35
Non-specified 0.75 - 1.74 8.85 - - 0.27 0.01 16.71 4.67 33.00
NON-ENERGY USE 3.27 2.94 327.56 30.05 - - - - - - 363.81
in industry/transf./energy 3.01 2.94 319.43 30.05 - - - - - - 355.43
of which: feedstocks 1.06 2.94 220.51 28.90 - - - - - - 253.42
in transport - - 4.47 - - - - - - - 4.47
in other 0.26 - 3.65 - - - - - - - 3.91

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 3882.49 35.14 343.02 2364.74 2272.42 1312.44 244.48 220.52 - 0.85 10676.11
Electricity plants 3557.97 35.14 284.04 1825.57 2259.27 1312.44 242.11 125.08 - 0.42 9642.04
CHP plants 324.52 0.00 58.98 539.17 13.15 - 2.37 95.44 - 0.43 1034.07
Heat generated - PJ 852.07 0.01 272.83 1382.24 4.82 - 24.28 462.51 6.84 39.94 3045.53
CHP plants 706.88 0.01 246.16 1147.87 4.82 - 10.11 327.59 0.19 12.82 2456.45
Heat plants 145.18 - 26.67 234.37 - - 14.17 134.92 6.65 27.12 589.08

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.14 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Total

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 971.60 894.11 - 942.82 582.47 110.68 55.90 226.54 - 0.60 3784.71
Imports 332.71 1509.40 519.12 586.45 - - - 6.47 32.02 0.00 2986.16
Exports -257.00 -359.85 -465.00 -277.68 - - - -2.88 -30.97 -0.01 -1393.38
Intl. marine bunkers - - -87.89 - - - - - - - -87.89
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -83.81 - - - - - - - -83.81
Stock changes -28.54 -0.92 -3.25 -1.27 - - - -0.29 - - -34.27
TPES 1018.77 2042.74 -120.84 1250.31 582.47 110.68 55.90 229.84 1.05 0.60 5171.52
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 3578.01 16.42 293.50 2313.94 2234.55 1286.94 279.85 225.62 - 0.77 10229.60
Heat generated - PJ 817.97 0.01 236.68 1345.87 5.52 - 24.12 470.73 7.24 34.64 2942.78

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 2343.7 2907.4 3422.2 3811.4 3843.3 3863.5 3784.7
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 1140.3 1292.3 1225.4 1533.3 1812.7 1765.4 1592.8
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 3357.9 4051.0 4479.1 5233.9 5490.1 5422.4 5171.5
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 1120.6 1216.7 1064.7 1219.7 1356.7 1328.5 1203.7
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 1696.9 1932.7 1849.8 2089.9 2102.7 2035.4 1921.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 3537.0 5237.8 7047.2 9070.0 10054.8 10096.6 9648.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 6301.0 10858.2 14786.0 20022.4 25979.0 30371.4 30503.7 29769.0
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 6827.9 11567.2 15758.1 21130.9 27696.6 32671.8 32868.3 32121.6
Population (millions) 770.08 881.83 964.86 1042.73 1126.77 1181.86 1189.82 1195.86
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 57.70 73.20 95.10 106.90 105.00 92.50

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.6980 0.7177 0.7640 0.7282 0.7000 0.7125 0.7318


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.9939 1.0036 0.9970 0.8863 0.8891 0.9174 0.9537
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.4041 0.4377 0.4984 0.4973 0.4406 0.4404 0.4652
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 1.0039 0.9242 0.8529 0.7846 0.7313 0.7463 0.7541

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3092 0.2740 0.2237 0.2015 0.1808 0.1778 0.1737
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2903 0.2571 0.2120 0.1890 0.1680 0.1650 0.1610
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 3.8078 4.1985 4.2955 4.6450 4.6453 4.5574 4.3245

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1032 0.0823 0.0532 0.0469 0.0447 0.0436 0.0404
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1563 0.1307 0.0924 0.0804 0.0692 0.0667 0.0646
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 1.9243 2.0031 1.7740 1.8548 1.7791 1.7107 1.6071

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.3257 0.3542 0.3520 0.3491 0.3311 0.3310 0.3241
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 4011 5429 6758 8050 8508 8486 8068

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 163.53 120.72 106.40 94.69 92.30 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 175.76 114.53 98.72 91.32 87.62 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.15

OECD Total
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
4500 6000 100%

4000 90%
5000
3500 80%

70%
3000 4000
60%
2500
Mtoe

Mtoe
3000 50%
2000
40%
1500 2000
30%
1000
20%
1000
500 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 1400

1200
100%

1000
80%
800
Mtoe

60%
600

40%
400

20% 200

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


12000 250

10000
200

8000
150
1971=100
TWh

6000
100
4000

50
2000

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.16 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD North America : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 608.77 659.00 - 640.17 245.11 55.69 20.08 100.49 - - 2329.32
Imports 35.55 641.71 145.71 127.34 - - - 1.56 6.11 - 957.98
Exports -53.10 -197.05 -93.21 -108.34 - - - -0.90 -6.19 - -458.79
Intl. marine bunkers - - -31.73 - - - - - - - -31.73
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -27.60 - - - - - - - -27.60
Stock changes -0.91 3.15 2.42 11.22 - - - -0.14 - - 15.74
TPES 590.31 1106.81 -4.40 670.39 245.11 55.69 20.08 101.00 -0.07 - 2784.93
Transfers - -60.64 66.53 - - - - - - - 5.89
Statistical differences -8.40 -15.56 -1.14 -3.53 - - - 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -28.67
Electricity plants -520.52 - -31.22 -160.16 -245.11 -55.69 -17.61 -14.64 420.32 - -624.64
CHP plants -14.26 - -3.73 -44.00 - - - -7.58 29.41 13.99 -26.18
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.05 - 0.03 -0.03
Blast furnaces -6.89 - - - - - - - - - -6.89
Gas works -1.77 - - 1.12 - - - - - - -0.65
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 1.15 - - - - - - - - - 1.15
Oil refineries - -1031.18 1036.04 -0.57 - - - - - - 4.29
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.72 - - - - - - -1.15
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -2.19 - -66.98 -71.68 - - - -0.00 -29.07 -4.39 -174.31
Losses - - - - - - - - -31.42 -1.58 -33.01
TFC 37.43 - 995.09 389.86 - - 2.47 78.73 389.16 8.00 1900.74
INDUSTRY 34.58 - 45.24 148.36 - - 0.12 43.14 106.36 6.40 384.20
Iron and steel 8.16 - 1.79 12.28 - - - 0.00 8.49 0.21 30.93
Chemical and petrochem. 5.15 - 8.40 40.27 - - - 0.91 24.03 3.71 82.47
Non-ferrous metals 0.34 - 0.69 6.29 - - - - 12.04 0.11 19.47
Non-metallic minerals 7.67 - 8.10 13.49 - - - 0.56 4.45 0.00 34.29
Transport equipment 0.11 - 0.72 6.19 - - - 0.00 4.22 0.14 11.38
Machinery 0.15 - 1.57 10.14 - - - - 10.02 0.10 21.98
Mining and quarrying 0.36 - 2.70 8.78 - - - - 5.66 - 17.49
Food and tobacco 3.99 - 3.93 16.94 - - - 1.77 7.52 0.63 34.79
Paper, pulp and printing 4.54 - 5.44 14.57 - - - 32.28 15.44 0.88 73.17
Wood and wood products 0.03 - 2.31 2.14 - - - 5.11 2.54 0.29 12.42
Construction - - 2.57 0.41 - - - - 0.04 - 3.02
Textile and leather 0.24 - 0.68 2.97 - - - - 2.49 0.17 6.54
Non-specified 3.85 - 6.34 13.88 - - 0.12 2.50 9.40 0.16 36.25
TRANSPORT - - 700.64 19.23 - - - 15.02 1.15 - 736.04
Domestic aviation - - 63.12 - - - - - - - 63.12
Road - - 614.30 0.63 - - - 15.02 - - 629.95
Rail - - 15.51 - - - - - 0.81 - 16.32
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 18.60 - - - - 0.29 - 18.90
Domestic navigation - - 6.47 - - - - - - - 6.47
Non-specified - - 1.23 - - - - - 0.06 - 1.28
OTHER 1.78 - 79.67 206.26 - - 2.35 20.57 281.65 1.60 593.88
Residential 0.03 - 34.28 125.70 - - 1.88 18.09 137.17 0.00 317.14
Comm. and public services 1.70 - 24.31 80.08 - - 0.47 2.11 129.16 1.60 239.43
Agriculture/forestry 0.05 - 21.09 0.48 - - - 0.37 1.53 0.00 23.52
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 13.79 - 13.79
NON-ENERGY USE 1.06 - 169.54 16.01 - - - - - - 186.61
in industry/transf./energy 1.06 - 166.40 16.01 - - - - - - 183.47
of which: feedstocks - - 99.88 14.85 - - - - - - 114.73
in transport - - 0.35 - - - - - - - 0.35
in other - - 2.80 - - - - - - - 2.80

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 2265.74 - 146.23 1081.51 940.55 647.59 64.98 82.78 - - 5229.37
Electricity plants 2205.90 - 127.48 858.10 940.55 647.59 64.43 43.40 - - 4887.44
CHP plants 59.84 - 18.76 223.41 - - 0.54 39.38 - - 341.93
Heat generated - PJ 100.38 - 39.36 397.90 - - - 49.53 - - 587.17
CHP plants 100.38 - 39.36 397.90 - - - 48.38 - - 586.02
Heat plants - - - - - - - 1.15 - - 1.15

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.17

OECD North America : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 618.44 642.26 - 655.17 245.38 58.34 22.13 105.31 - - 2347.03
Imports 35.37 632.04 135.23 116.69 - - - 2.33 7.10 - 928.76
Exports -67.74 -186.49 -113.94 -108.65 - - - -2.22 -7.16 - -486.20
Intl. marine bunkers - - -24.15 - - - - - - - -24.15
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -27.55 - - - - - - - -27.55
Stock changes -6.51 -5.27 -0.39 5.68 - - - -0.30 - - -6.79
TPES 579.56 1082.54 -30.80 668.89 245.38 58.34 22.13 105.13 -0.06 - 2731.10
Transfers - -37.88 43.23 - - - - - - - 5.35
Statistical differences -5.82 -18.94 -3.37 -1.72 - - - - 0.06 -0.04 -29.83
Electricity plants -509.13 - -24.21 -157.86 -245.38 -58.34 -19.46 -15.06 423.89 - -605.54
CHP plants -14.56 - -2.96 -41.58 - - - -7.34 27.95 13.52 -24.96
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.05 - 0.03 -0.03
Blast furnaces -6.66 - - - - - - - - - -6.66
Gas works -1.88 - - 1.12 - - - - - - -0.76
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -2.97 - - - - - - - - - -2.97
Oil refineries - -1026.29 1030.11 -0.57 - - - - - - 3.25
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.71 - - - - - - -1.14
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -2.12 - -64.44 -73.49 - - - -0.00 -32.85 -4.25 -177.14
Losses - - - - - - - - -29.21 -1.53 -30.74
TFC 36.41 - 947.56 393.08 - - 2.67 82.68 389.79 7.72 1859.91
INDUSTRY 33.73 - 47.15 145.73 - - 0.13 40.96 105.44 6.17 379.32
Iron and steel 8.43 - 1.39 12.18 - - - 0.00 8.50 0.20 30.70
Chemical and petrochem. 5.03 - 10.81 39.85 - - - 0.23 23.59 3.57 83.09
Non-ferrous metals 0.32 - 0.62 6.28 - - - - 12.07 0.11 19.40
Non-metallic minerals 7.05 - 7.28 13.43 - - - 0.57 4.30 0.00 32.63
Transport equipment 0.12 - 0.72 6.17 - - - 0.00 4.14 0.13 11.29
Machinery 0.13 - 1.10 10.10 - - - - 9.84 0.10 21.27
Mining and quarrying 0.50 - 2.75 8.66 - - - - 5.56 - 17.48
Food and tobacco 3.88 - 3.77 16.87 - - - 1.88 7.41 0.61 34.42
Paper, pulp and printing 4.69 - 5.34 14.41 - - - 30.63 14.87 0.84 70.78
Wood and wood products 0.04 - 3.59 2.13 - - - 5.15 2.49 0.28 13.68
Construction - - 2.56 0.40 - - - - 0.04 - 3.00
Textile and leather 0.19 - 0.27 2.95 - - - - 2.45 0.16 6.02
Non-specified 3.35 - 6.93 12.31 - - 0.13 2.49 10.18 0.16 35.56
TRANSPORT - - 669.33 18.96 - - - 20.59 1.12 - 710.00
Domestic aviation - - 58.14 - - - - - - - 58.14
Road - - 591.45 0.71 - - - 20.59 - - 612.75
Rail - - 12.71 - - - - - 0.76 - 13.47
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 18.25 - - - - 0.31 - 18.57
Domestic navigation - - 6.06 - - - - - - - 6.06
Non-specified - - 0.96 - - - - - 0.05 - 1.01
OTHER 1.79 - 76.59 212.49 - - 2.54 21.13 283.23 1.55 599.33
Residential 0.03 - 31.86 129.00 - - 2.03 18.47 136.58 - 317.97
Comm. and public services 1.75 - 24.31 83.01 - - 0.51 2.31 130.08 1.55 243.51
Agriculture/forestry - - 20.43 0.49 - - - 0.36 1.53 0.00 22.80
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 15.05 - 15.05
NON-ENERGY USE 0.89 - 154.48 15.90 - - - - - - 171.27
in industry/transf./energy 0.89 - 151.21 15.90 - - - - - - 168.00
of which: feedstocks - - 91.55 14.75 - - - - - - 106.31
in transport - - 0.31 - - - - - - - 0.31
in other - - 2.96 - - - - - - - 2.96

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 2265.98 - 116.93 1082.30 941.56 678.36 87.17 81.65 - - 5253.94
Electricity plants 2204.08 - 101.66 873.07 941.56 678.36 86.81 43.44 - - 4928.98
CHP plants 61.90 - 15.27 209.23 - - 0.36 38.20 - - 324.96
Heat generated - PJ 96.44 - 42.14 382.39 - - - 46.40 - - 567.37
CHP plants 96.44 - 42.14 382.39 - - - 45.25 - - 566.22
Heat plants - - - - - - - 1.15 - - 1.15

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.18 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD North America

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 562.85 646.55 - 659.42 242.63 57.45 23.22 101.82 - - 2293.94
Imports 23.01 580.27 118.97 112.06 - - - 0.76 6.08 - 841.16
Exports -52.14 -177.98 -121.84 -103.26 - - - -0.89 -6.28 - -462.40
Intl. marine bunkers - - -27.33 - - - - - - - -27.33
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -25.10 - - - - - - - -25.10
Stock changes -17.67 -2.68 -2.97 2.27 - - - -0.27 - - -21.32
TPES 516.04 1046.16 -58.27 670.49 242.63 57.45 23.22 101.42 -0.20 - 2598.94
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 2034.55 - 105.03 1119.80 931.03 668.04 101.87 76.19 - - 5036.51
Heat generated - PJ 85.77 - 41.55 380.88 - - - 51.11 - - 559.29

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 1635.6 1907.7 2119.8 2262.1 2329.3 2347.0 2293.9
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 164.5 245.8 212.7 407.1 499.2 442.6 378.8
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 1771.8 2092.4 2244.9 2669.6 2784.9 2731.1 2598.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 191.9 300.9 289.2 434.9 497.2 466.8 399.4
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 819.4 949.9 913.6 1048.5 1102.4 1051.7 987.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 1789.3 2615.0 3471.1 4548.9 4889.1 4939.0 4717.8

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 2837.7 4363.4 5932.5 8060.2 11260.5 13319.0 13381.9 13162.9
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 2929.8 4537.2 6225.5 8421.1 11760.0 13915.0 13984.3 13731.8
Population (millions) 233.17 279.53 317.94 359.12 411.36 440.35 444.42 448.53
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.9231 0.9117 0.9442 0.8474 0.8364 0.8594 0.8826


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 1.0922 1.1759 1.1961 1.0079 1.0313 1.0671 1.0907
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.7902 0.7334 0.7437 0.6344 0.5978 0.6107 0.6545
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 1.0150 0.9968 1.0258 0.9560 0.9549 0.9795 0.9835

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.4061 0.3527 0.2785 0.2371 0.2091 0.2041 0.1974
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3905 0.3361 0.2666 0.2270 0.2001 0.1953 0.1893
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 6.3385 6.5811 6.2512 6.4897 6.3244 6.1453 5.7944

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.0440 0.0507 0.0359 0.0386 0.0373 0.0349 0.0303
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1878 0.1601 0.1133 0.0931 0.0828 0.0786 0.0751
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 2.9313 2.9877 2.5440 2.5488 2.5035 2.3665 2.2025

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.4101 0.4408 0.4306 0.4040 0.3671 0.3691 0.3584
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 6401 8225 9666 11058 11103 11113 10518

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.19

OECD North America


Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
2500 3000 100%

90%
2500
2000 80%

70%
2000
1500 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
1500 50%
1000 40%
1000
30%
500 20%
500
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
140% 800

700
120%

600
100%
500
80%
Mtoe

400
60%
300

40%
200

20% 100

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


6000 200
180
5000
160
140
4000
120
1971=100
TWh

3000 100
80
2000
60
40
1000
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.20 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Pacific : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 231.54 28.76 - 46.50 106.01 9.94 6.44 16.45 - 0.05 445.69
Imports 172.05 355.99 82.80 114.58 - - - 0.03 - - 725.44
Exports -167.24 -16.80 -55.48 -17.77 - - - - - - -257.28
Intl. marine bunkers - - -16.63 - - - - - - - -16.63
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -13.34 - - - - - - - -13.34
Stock changes -6.96 1.52 -0.14 0.33 - - - -0.01 - - -5.26
TPES 229.39 369.47 -2.78 143.64 106.01 9.94 6.44 16.47 - 0.05 878.62
Transfers - 0.96 3.45 - - - - - - - 4.41
Statistical differences -0.86 1.08 0.80 5.53 - - - 0.00 -0.05 0.00 6.50
Electricity plants -146.99 -9.80 -25.97 -72.02 -106.01 -9.94 -5.28 -4.94 154.19 -0.05 -226.81
CHP plants -5.67 - -2.37 -5.53 - - -0.03 -1.13 4.56 4.39 -5.77
Heat plants -0.01 - -0.53 -0.45 - - - -0.32 -0.10 0.95 -0.46
Blast furnaces -24.96 - - -0.08 - - - - - - -25.04
Gas works - - -1.74 1.00 - - - - - - -0.74
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.53 - -0.35 - - - - - - - -0.88
Oil refineries - -373.91 368.81 - - - - - - - -5.10
Petrochemical plants - 12.84 -12.81 - - - - - - - 0.03
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.02 - - -0.02
Energy ind. own use -5.35 -0.27 -17.31 -7.85 - - - - -9.54 -0.02 -40.33
Losses -0.01 - - -0.02 - - - - -7.36 -0.14 -7.52
TFC 45.02 0.37 309.20 64.22 - - 1.14 10.06 141.70 5.19 576.90
INDUSTRY 42.42 0.03 37.64 20.92 - - 0.14 7.81 56.70 3.00 168.65
Iron and steel 17.45 - 2.26 3.70 - - - 0.13 11.08 - 34.62
Chemical and petrochem. 3.62 0.03 11.44 3.07 - - - 0.26 8.73 2.04 29.18
Non-ferrous metals 1.70 - 1.31 2.80 - - - 0.08 6.22 0.03 12.14
Non-metallic minerals 8.01 - 3.01 2.18 - - - 0.53 3.36 - 17.09
Transport equipment - - 0.17 0.58 - - - - 1.47 - 2.23
Machinery 0.25 - 1.42 2.05 - - - 0.01 11.59 0.06 15.40
Mining and quarrying 0.14 - 2.05 0.67 - - - - 1.18 - 4.05
Food and tobacco 0.25 - 2.91 2.03 - - - 2.03 2.93 - 10.14
Paper, pulp and printing 1.69 - 2.08 0.97 - - 0.14 3.12 4.52 0.17 12.69
Wood and wood products - - 0.05 0.04 - - - 0.96 0.27 - 1.32
Construction 0.00 - 4.59 0.75 - - - - 0.11 - 5.45
Textile and leather 0.18 - 0.68 0.42 - - - 0.02 1.20 0.70 3.19
Non-specified 9.13 - 5.67 1.67 - - 0.00 0.68 4.02 - 21.17
TRANSPORT 0.09 - 140.52 0.98 - - - 0.18 2.11 - 143.88
Domestic aviation - - 6.95 - - - - - - - 6.95
Road - - 126.91 0.61 - - - 0.18 - - 127.71
Rail - - 1.06 - - - - - 2.04 - 3.09
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 0.34 - - - - 0.00 - 0.35
Domestic navigation 0.09 - 5.22 - - - - - - - 5.32
Non-specified - - 0.38 0.02 - - - - 0.07 - 0.47
OTHER 1.72 - 52.05 40.81 - - 1.00 2.08 82.90 2.19 182.74
Residential 1.02 - 17.73 20.54 - - 0.66 1.72 35.59 1.42 78.69
Comm. and public services 0.67 - 24.91 20.22 - - 0.25 0.36 46.03 0.77 93.20
Agriculture/forestry 0.03 - 5.27 0.04 - - 0.09 - 0.90 - 6.34
Fishing - - 3.20 - - - - - 0.16 - 3.36
Non-specified - - 0.94 - - - - - 0.21 - 1.15
NON-ENERGY USE 0.78 0.34 78.99 1.52 - - - - - - 81.63
in industry/transf./energy 0.78 0.34 77.66 1.52 - - - - - - 80.30
of which: feedstocks 0.77 0.34 67.84 1.52 - - - - - - 70.48
in transport - - 1.26 - - - - - - - 1.26
in other - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 682.28 46.45 137.10 416.17 406.77 115.56 15.36 26.16 - 0.12 1845.96
Electricity plants 660.44 46.45 131.96 391.84 406.77 115.56 15.31 24.49 - 0.06 1792.87
CHP plants 21.84 - 5.13 24.34 - - 0.05 1.67 - 0.06 53.09
Heat generated - PJ 34.31 - 105.62 63.93 - - - 16.35 3.70 2.06 225.98
CHP plants 33.80 - 101.01 45.88 - - - 3.36 - 1.37 185.41
Heat plants 0.52 - 4.62 18.05 - - - 12.99 3.70 0.69 40.56

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.21

OECD Pacific : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 236.04 28.08 - 46.57 106.61 9.76 6.77 16.50 - 0.07 450.41
Imports 176.68 347.02 85.66 117.56 - - - 0.03 - - 726.95
Exports -175.05 -17.89 -66.10 -18.00 - - - - - - -277.03
Intl. marine bunkers - - -15.73 - - - - - - - -15.73
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -13.63 - - - - - - - -13.63
Stock changes -1.74 1.43 0.64 -1.45 - - - 0.00 - - -1.12
TPES 235.93 358.64 -9.16 144.68 106.61 9.76 6.77 16.53 - 0.07 869.83
Transfers - 1.22 3.59 - - - - - - - 4.81
Statistical differences -7.40 -3.86 -4.11 3.91 - - -0.00 -0.00 -0.11 0.01 -11.56
Electricity plants -149.02 -6.91 -22.45 -71.13 -106.61 -9.76 -5.59 -4.93 151.72 -0.04 -224.73
CHP plants -5.92 - -1.54 -5.98 - - -0.03 -1.17 4.78 4.46 -5.41
Heat plants -0.01 - -0.37 -0.42 - - - -0.34 -0.10 0.90 -0.34
Blast furnaces -23.79 - - -0.08 - - - - - - -23.88
Gas works - - -1.76 1.02 - - - - - - -0.74
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -1.29 - -0.42 - - - - - - - -1.71
Oil refineries - -361.36 357.75 - - - - - - - -3.61
Petrochemical plants - 12.89 -12.89 - - - - - - - 0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.02 - - -0.02
Energy ind. own use -5.45 -0.27 -16.85 -7.70 - - - - -9.27 -0.02 -39.55
Losses -0.01 - - -0.02 - - - - -7.53 -0.08 -7.63
TFC 43.02 0.36 291.78 64.28 - - 1.15 10.08 139.50 5.29 555.48
INDUSTRY 40.32 0.02 34.58 21.25 - - 0.14 7.77 53.38 2.99 160.46
Iron and steel 17.15 - 2.05 3.74 - - - 0.11 10.07 - 33.12
Chemical and petrochem. 3.38 0.02 9.33 3.33 - - - 0.25 8.42 1.87 26.62
Non-ferrous metals 1.95 - 1.58 2.66 - - - 0.06 6.64 0.07 12.97
Non-metallic minerals 8.03 - 2.80 2.10 - - - 0.73 3.34 - 16.99
Transport equipment - - 0.23 0.52 - - - - 1.53 - 2.28
Machinery 0.11 - 1.30 2.22 - - - 0.01 11.24 0.05 14.93
Mining and quarrying 0.14 - 2.23 0.74 - - - - 1.21 - 4.31
Food and tobacco 0.27 - 2.52 2.18 - - - 2.06 2.95 0.13 10.11
Paper, pulp and printing 1.69 - 1.91 0.99 - - 0.14 2.92 4.34 0.31 12.30
Wood and wood products - - 0.04 0.04 - - - 0.97 0.27 - 1.31
Construction 0.00 - 4.51 0.78 - - - - 0.10 - 5.39
Textile and leather 0.13 - 0.52 0.53 - - - 0.01 1.15 0.57 2.90
Non-specified 7.46 - 5.57 1.45 - - 0.00 0.66 2.11 - 17.25
TRANSPORT 0.10 - 135.63 1.12 - - - 0.26 2.10 - 139.22
Domestic aviation - - 6.20 - - - - - - - 6.20
Road - - 122.90 0.75 - - - 0.26 - - 123.92
Rail - - 1.08 - - - - - 2.02 - 3.11
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 0.35 - - - - 0.00 - 0.35
Domestic navigation 0.10 - 5.09 - - - - - - - 5.20
Non-specified - - 0.36 0.02 - - - - 0.07 - 0.45
OTHER 1.77 - 47.87 40.25 - - 1.01 2.04 84.02 2.30 179.26
Residential 1.06 - 16.71 20.35 - - 0.68 1.67 35.65 1.50 77.60
Comm. and public services 0.67 - 22.68 19.86 - - 0.25 0.38 47.01 0.80 91.64
Agriculture/forestry 0.04 - 4.92 0.04 - - 0.09 - 0.95 - 6.04
Fishing - - 2.71 - - - - - 0.17 - 2.88
Non-specified - - 0.85 - - - - - 0.24 - 1.09
NON-ENERGY USE 0.83 0.34 73.71 1.66 - - - - - - 76.54
in industry/transf./energy 0.83 0.34 72.28 1.66 - - - - - - 75.11
of which: feedstocks 0.83 0.34 63.01 1.66 - - - - - - 65.84
in transport - - 1.35 - - - - - - - 1.35
in other - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 682.46 35.14 122.28 413.64 409.09 113.53 17.73 25.81 - 0.11 1819.77
Electricity plants 658.69 35.14 118.50 387.30 409.09 113.53 17.67 24.19 - 0.04 1764.15
CHP plants 23.76 - 3.78 26.34 - - 0.05 1.62 - 0.07 55.62
Heat generated - PJ 42.50 - 87.29 72.01 - - - 19.06 3.63 2.96 227.46
CHP plants 42.01 - 84.82 54.64 - - - 5.22 - 2.36 189.05
Heat plants 0.50 - 2.47 17.37 - - - 13.84 3.63 0.60 38.41

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.22 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Pacific

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 239.92 29.61 - 48.58 111.41 9.85 7.54 15.85 - 0.07 462.83
Imports 165.51 326.84 90.51 112.22 - - - - - - 695.07
Exports -181.39 -18.04 -62.59 -18.02 - - - - - - -280.04
Intl. marine bunkers - - -14.12 - - - - - - - -14.12
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -13.15 - - - - - - - -13.15
Stock changes -0.56 -0.20 1.32 0.51 - - - - - - 1.07
TPES 223.48 338.20 1.98 143.29 111.41 9.85 7.54 15.85 - 0.07 851.67
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 693.77 16.42 90.85 389.26 427.52 114.52 20.51 19.51 - 0.12 1772.47
Heat generated - PJ 42.01 - 56.89 58.04 - - - 15.56 3.90 3.02 179.42

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 99.4 143.5 266.8 386.2 445.7 450.4 462.8
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 266.0 337.2 385.5 470.3 468.2 449.9 415.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 343.0 464.3 631.3 829.4 878.6 869.8 851.7
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 245.9 294.5 322.5 387.6 366.5 348.7 336.7
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 237.1 294.4 334.9 394.1 366.7 349.5 340.2
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 432.7 692.4 1077.2 1520.8 1772.3 1741.9 1694.5

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 811.7 2155.9 3171.9 4739.0 5653.1 6509.0 6499.7 6275.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 662.9 1682.7 2471.3 3749.7 4665.4 5503.5 5517.0 5382.5
Population (millions) 131.45 153.93 173.14 187.14 197.08 201.64 202.12 201.91
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.2899 0.3089 0.4225 0.4656 0.5073 0.5178 0.5434


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.7514 0.7116 0.8644 0.9177 1.0094 1.0005 1.0735
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.0661 0.0755 0.0946 0.0946 0.0784 0.0803 0.0870
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.7758 0.3439 0.3500 0.3353 0.3238 0.3219 0.3391

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1591 0.1464 0.1332 0.1467 0.1350 0.1338 0.1357
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2039 0.1879 0.1684 0.1778 0.1596 0.1577 0.1582
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 2.2285 2.6818 3.3736 4.2084 4.3573 4.3036 4.2181

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1141 0.0928 0.0680 0.0686 0.0563 0.0536 0.0537
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1100 0.0928 0.0707 0.0697 0.0563 0.0538 0.0542
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 1.5403 1.7005 1.7894 1.9998 1.8185 1.7291 1.6848

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.2007 0.2183 0.2273 0.2690 0.2723 0.2680 0.2700
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 2811 3999 5756 7717 8789 8618 8392

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.23

OECD Pacific
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
500 1000 100%

450 900 90%

400 800 80%

350 700 70%

300 600 60%


Mtoe

Mtoe
250 500 50%
200 400 40%
150 300 30%
100 200 20%
50 100 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 250

100%
200

80%
150
Mtoe

60%

100
40%

50
20%

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


2000 350
1800
300
1600
1400 250

1200
200
1971=100
TWh

1000
150
800
600 100
400
50
200
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.24 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Europe : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 186.91 238.70 - 236.50 241.26 42.78 20.91 100.75 - 0.46 1068.27
Imports 174.69 656.71 299.54 347.54 - - - 4.31 29.03 0.00 1511.82
Exports -32.74 -175.25 -287.99 -140.24 - - - -1.60 -28.69 -0.01 -666.52
Intl. marine bunkers - - -53.46 - - - - - - - -53.46
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -46.75 - - - - - - - -46.75
Stock changes 6.75 -0.05 2.15 4.51 - - - -0.15 - - 13.20
TPES 335.61 720.11 -86.51 448.32 241.26 42.78 20.91 103.31 0.34 0.46 1826.57
Transfers - 5.93 -3.45 - - - - - - - 2.49
Statistical differences -0.03 1.86 0.61 -0.86 - - -0.00 0.00 0.09 0.44 2.11
Electricity plants -176.63 - -15.15 -83.54 -237.92 -42.78 -16.17 -17.47 251.70 -0.17 -338.13
CHP plants -64.62 - -8.77 -56.42 -3.34 - -0.97 -16.96 56.38 40.63 -54.07
Heat plants -4.61 - -0.81 -7.34 - - -0.13 -3.60 -0.25 12.75 -3.99
Blast furnaces -20.23 - -1.37 -0.04 - - - - - - -21.63
Gas works -0.46 - -0.18 0.47 - - - -0.01 - - -0.18
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -4.11 0.02 -0.65 -0.04 - - - - - - -4.78
Oil refineries - -738.63 732.69 - - - - - - - -5.94
Petrochemical plants - 14.45 -15.03 - - - - - - - -0.59
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation 0.01 0.16 - -0.39 - - - -0.11 - -0.18 -0.52
Energy ind. own use -7.00 - -38.89 -17.40 - - -0.00 -0.07 -24.86 -4.28 -92.49
Losses -0.92 - -0.02 -2.69 - - -0.13 -0.04 -19.67 -3.14 -26.61
TFC 57.00 3.90 562.47 280.07 - - 3.50 65.05 263.74 46.51 1282.25
INDUSTRY 41.75 1.27 45.25 92.67 - - 0.16 22.10 107.71 16.32 327.22
Iron and steel 17.20 - 1.80 9.88 - - - 0.06 13.02 0.36 42.32
Chemical and petrochem. 2.51 1.27 8.80 20.65 - - - 1.18 17.80 6.76 58.96
Non-ferrous metals 0.67 - 1.06 3.25 - - 0.00 0.04 9.54 0.26 14.81
Non-metallic minerals 6.91 - 11.14 15.72 - - 0.00 2.52 7.78 0.23 44.30
Transport equipment 0.14 - 0.59 3.06 - - 0.00 0.01 4.69 0.66 9.15
Machinery 0.23 - 2.28 7.70 - - 0.00 0.05 9.12 0.54 19.90
Mining and quarrying 0.17 - 0.81 0.59 - - - 0.01 1.43 0.30 3.31
Food and tobacco 2.25 - 3.87 12.41 - - 0.00 0.98 10.09 1.04 30.64
Paper, pulp and printing 1.24 - 2.02 9.09 - - 0.00 12.07 12.97 2.62 40.01
Wood and wood products 0.15 - 0.33 0.44 - - - 3.93 2.36 0.47 7.67
Construction 2.16 - 3.25 0.77 - - 0.00 0.10 1.58 0.06 7.93
Textile and leather 0.32 - 0.84 3.04 - - 0.00 0.07 3.64 0.18 8.09
Non-specified 7.82 - 8.45 6.09 - - 0.16 1.09 13.69 2.83 40.13
TRANSPORT 0.00 - 331.99 1.90 - - - 7.76 6.36 - 348.01
Domestic aviation - - 9.99 - - - - - - - 9.99
Road - - 311.16 0.62 - - - 7.76 0.00 - 319.54
Rail 0.00 - 2.93 - - - - - 4.74 - 7.67
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 1.15 - - - - 0.11 - 1.27
Domestic navigation - - 7.75 - - - - - - - 7.75
Non-specified - - 0.15 0.12 - - - - 1.51 - 1.79
OTHER 13.71 - 83.58 172.59 - - 3.34 35.20 149.67 30.19 488.28
Residential 11.31 - 45.09 118.49 - - 2.70 31.63 74.06 16.95 300.22
Comm. and public services 1.25 - 18.61 41.91 - - 0.28 2.01 70.23 8.16 142.46
Agriculture/forestry 1.05 - 17.42 3.77 - - 0.07 1.54 4.80 0.30 28.96
Fishing - - 1.45 0.00 - - 0.04 - 0.05 0.00 1.54
Non-specified 0.09 - 1.01 8.41 - - 0.26 0.01 0.54 4.78 15.10
NON-ENERGY USE 1.54 2.64 101.66 12.90 - - - - - - 118.74
in industry/transf./energy 1.26 2.64 97.72 12.90 - - - - - - 114.51
of which: feedstocks 0.22 2.64 67.78 12.90 - - - - - - 83.53
in transport - - 3.32 - - - - - - - 3.32
in other 0.28 - 0.63 - - - - - - - 0.91

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 1012.03 0.02 107.44 811.92 925.32 497.39 120.90 106.78 - 0.63 3582.42
Electricity plants 768.59 - 64.21 510.51 912.96 497.39 119.07 53.44 - 0.36 2926.51
CHP plants 243.44 0.02 43.23 301.41 12.36 - 1.83 53.35 - 0.27 655.91
Heat generated - PJ 731.42 0.08 159.15 928.06 4.85 - 23.88 370.74 3.88 32.53 2254.57
CHP plants 581.96 0.08 130.37 718.83 4.85 - 8.26 255.66 1.73 8.09 1709.82
Heat plants 149.46 - 28.78 209.23 - - 15.62 115.08 2.15 24.44 544.76

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.25

OECD Europe : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 180.38 226.06 - 246.86 240.34 44.77 22.85 104.28 - 0.54 1066.08
Imports 169.24 656.13 312.53 369.11 - - - 5.80 27.39 0.00 1540.19
Exports -27.62 -164.28 -291.45 -155.46 - - - -2.09 -26.38 -0.01 -667.28
Intl. marine bunkers - - -52.69 - - - - - - - -52.69
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -47.94 - - - - - - - -47.94
Stock changes -9.40 -1.87 -2.30 -3.10 - - - -0.19 - - -16.86
TPES 312.60 716.04 -81.85 457.41 240.34 44.77 22.85 107.80 1.01 0.54 1821.50
Transfers - 6.28 -3.76 - - - - - - - 2.51
Statistical differences 0.10 -0.13 -5.76 1.55 - - -0.00 0.01 0.08 -0.00 -4.16
Electricity plants -158.06 - -14.44 -91.67 -236.79 -44.77 -17.81 -18.57 253.64 -0.19 -328.66
CHP plants -63.21 - -9.00 -60.24 -3.54 - -1.03 -17.70 56.17 40.42 -58.12
Heat plants -4.34 - -0.69 -6.73 - - -0.13 -3.79 -0.23 12.78 -3.13
Blast furnaces -19.01 - -1.19 -0.03 - - - - - - -20.23
Gas works -0.53 - -0.23 0.55 - - - -0.01 - - -0.22
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -4.32 - -0.74 -0.04 - - - - - - -5.11
Oil refineries - -730.88 726.89 - - - - - - - -4.00
Petrochemical plants - 11.86 -12.40 - - - - - - - -0.54
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation 0.01 0.19 - -0.43 - - - -0.11 - -0.33 -0.69
Energy ind. own use -6.70 - -38.21 -17.55 - - -0.00 -0.17 -25.00 -3.95 -91.59
Losses -0.89 - -0.01 -2.79 - - -0.14 -0.04 -19.97 -3.23 -27.08
TFC 55.65 3.34 558.61 280.02 - - 3.74 67.41 265.69 46.04 1280.49
INDUSTRY 35.71 0.74 42.01 86.12 - - 0.16 21.79 107.68 15.43 309.63
Iron and steel 16.80 - 1.78 9.43 - - - 0.07 12.69 0.32 41.09
Chemical and petrochem. 3.12 0.74 7.21 18.60 - - 0.00 1.20 17.73 5.89 54.48
Non-ferrous metals 0.49 - 0.91 2.77 - - 0.00 0.04 9.87 0.24 14.33
Non-metallic minerals 6.23 - 11.01 15.50 - - 0.00 2.74 8.03 0.21 43.73
Transport equipment 0.12 - 0.54 2.79 - - 0.00 0.01 4.70 0.66 8.81
Machinery 0.17 - 2.24 7.37 - - 0.00 0.05 9.77 0.55 20.16
Mining and quarrying 0.16 - 0.84 0.50 - - - 0.00 1.36 0.22 3.10
Food and tobacco 1.64 - 4.02 11.93 - - 0.00 1.04 10.04 0.96 29.63
Paper, pulp and printing 1.32 - 1.85 7.77 - - 0.00 11.38 12.74 2.53 37.58
Wood and wood products 0.11 - 0.26 0.60 - - - 4.03 2.39 0.50 7.89
Construction 2.87 - 3.33 1.06 - - 0.00 0.09 1.60 0.05 9.00
Textile and leather 0.21 - 0.72 2.55 - - 0.00 0.07 3.30 0.18 7.03
Non-specified 2.46 - 7.29 5.24 - - 0.15 1.08 13.46 3.11 32.79
TRANSPORT 0.01 - 323.18 2.21 - - - 9.90 6.46 - 341.75
Domestic aviation - - 9.52 - - - - - - - 9.52
Road - - 302.83 0.73 - - - 9.90 0.00 - 313.46
Rail 0.01 - 2.97 - - - - - 4.76 - 7.73
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 1.35 - - - - 0.11 - 1.46
Domestic navigation - - 7.73 - - - - - - - 7.73
Non-specified - - 0.13 0.12 - - - - 1.59 - 1.84
OTHER 18.40 - 94.05 179.20 - - 3.59 35.71 151.54 30.60 513.10
Residential 14.06 - 50.85 121.66 - - 2.91 32.15 75.43 16.87 313.92
Comm. and public services 2.43 - 22.51 45.49 - - 0.31 2.00 69.48 8.74 150.96
Agriculture/forestry 1.14 - 18.43 3.21 - - 0.06 1.56 5.17 0.31 29.88
Fishing - - 1.38 0.00 - - 0.03 - 0.05 0.02 1.47
Non-specified 0.75 - 0.89 8.85 - - 0.27 0.01 1.42 4.67 16.86
NON-ENERGY USE 1.54 2.61 99.37 12.49 - - - - - - 116.01
in industry/transf./energy 1.28 2.61 95.94 12.49 - - - - - - 112.32
of which: feedstocks 0.23 2.61 65.95 12.49 - - - - - - 81.28
in transport - - 2.81 - - - - - - - 2.81
in other 0.26 - 0.62 - - - - - - - 0.88

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 934.06 0.00 103.81 868.80 921.78 520.55 139.59 113.06 - 0.75 3602.40
Electricity plants 695.20 - 63.88 565.20 908.63 520.55 137.63 57.44 - 0.38 2948.91
CHP plants 238.86 0.00 39.93 303.60 13.15 - 1.96 55.62 - 0.37 653.49
Heat generated - PJ 713.13 0.01 143.40 927.83 4.82 - 24.28 397.05 3.21 36.98 2250.70
CHP plants 568.44 0.01 119.21 710.83 4.82 - 10.11 277.12 0.19 10.45 1701.18
Heat plants 144.69 - 24.20 217.00 - - 14.17 119.94 3.02 26.52 549.52

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.26 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Europe

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 168.84 217.95 - 234.82 228.42 43.38 25.14 108.87 - 0.53 1027.94
Imports 144.19 602.30 309.63 362.17 - - - 5.71 25.94 0.00 1449.93
Exports -23.47 -163.82 -280.57 -156.41 - - - -2.00 -24.68 -0.01 -650.94
Intl. marine bunkers - - -46.44 - - - - - - - -46.44
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -45.56 - - - - - - - -45.56
Stock changes -10.31 1.96 -1.61 -4.05 - - - -0.02 - - -14.02
TPES 279.24 658.39 -64.55 436.53 228.42 43.38 25.14 112.56 1.26 0.53 1720.90
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 849.69 0.00 97.63 804.88 876.00 504.37 157.48 129.92 - 0.65 3420.62
Heat generated - PJ 690.20 0.01 138.25 906.96 5.52 - 24.12 404.06 3.34 31.61 2204.07

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 608.7 856.2 1035.7 1163.2 1068.3 1066.1 1027.9
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 709.8 709.4 627.2 655.9 845.3 872.9 799.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 1243.0 1494.2 1602.8 1734.9 1826.6 1821.5 1720.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 682.8 621.3 453.0 397.2 493.0 512.9 467.5
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 640.4 688.4 601.4 647.3 633.6 634.2 593.8
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 1315.0 1930.4 2498.9 3000.2 3393.4 3415.6 3235.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 2651.6 4338.9 5681.6 7223.2 9065.5 10543.4 10622.0 10330.3
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 3235.3 5347.3 7061.4 8960.1 11271.2 13253.3 13366.9 13007.3
Population (millions) 405.46 448.37 473.78 496.47 518.33 539.87 543.28 545.42
Industrial production index (2005=100) 28.50 50.50 64.70 78.60 94.80 108.90 107.20 93.00

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.4897 0.5730 0.6462 0.6704 0.5849 0.5853 0.5973


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.9741 0.9189 0.8185 0.6553 0.5569 0.5770 0.6046
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.0353 0.1847 0.3507 0.5205 0.3767 0.3565 0.3670
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.9499 0.8169 0.6349 0.6221 0.5275 0.5397 0.5379

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2865 0.2630 0.2219 0.1914 0.1732 0.1715 0.1666
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2325 0.2116 0.1789 0.1539 0.1378 0.1363 0.1323
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 2.7723 3.1538 3.2284 3.3471 3.3834 3.3528 3.1552

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1574 0.1094 0.0627 0.0438 0.0468 0.0483 0.0453
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1476 0.1212 0.0833 0.0714 0.0601 0.0597 0.0575
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 1.4284 1.4530 1.2113 1.2488 1.1736 1.1673 1.0888

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.3031 0.3398 0.3460 0.3309 0.3219 0.3216 0.3132
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 2933 4075 5033 5788 6286 6287 5933

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 183.41 155.62 119.59 102.72 91.96 89.23 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 268.28 197.90 117.81 103.43 90.87 88.81 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.27

OECD Europe
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
1400 2000 100%

1800 90%
1200
1600 80%
1000 1400 70%

1200 60%
800
Mtoe

Mtoe
1000 50%
600
800 40%

400 600 30%


400 20%
200
200 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 600

100% 500

80% 400
Mtoe

60% 300

40% 200

20% 100

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


4000 250

3500
200
3000

2500 150
1971=100
TWh

2000
100
1500

1000
50
500

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.28 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

IEA : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1021.22 746.86 - 884.15 589.66 105.34 37.71 209.43 - 0.51 3594.89
Imports 379.33 1653.85 502.65 580.11 - - - 5.89 35.12 0.00 3156.96
Exports -253.07 -295.75 -430.87 -265.13 - - - -2.50 -34.75 -0.01 -1282.08
Intl. marine bunkers - - -100.88 - - - - - - - -100.88
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -84.21 - - - - - - - -84.21
Stock changes -1.38 4.86 4.98 16.11 - - - -0.30 - - 24.26
TPES 1146.10 2109.82 -108.33 1215.23 589.66 105.34 37.71 212.53 0.37 0.51 5308.94
Transfers - -42.29 53.86 - - - - - - - 11.57
Statistical differences -10.00 -12.31 0.43 1.13 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.40 -20.30
Electricity plants -836.53 -9.80 -58.40 -293.34 -586.33 -105.34 -31.05 -35.92 802.65 -0.22 -1154.28
CHP plants -84.55 - -14.87 -105.95 -3.34 - -0.03 -25.68 90.23 58.83 -85.35
Heat plants -4.63 - -1.34 -7.78 - - -0.08 -3.97 -0.34 13.69 -4.45
Blast furnaces -51.97 - -1.37 -0.12 - - - - - - -53.45
Gas works -2.23 - -1.92 2.59 - - - -0.01 - - -1.57
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -3.41 0.02 -1.00 -0.04 - - - - - - -4.43
Oil refineries - -2068.91 2067.90 -0.57 - - - - - - -1.58
Petrochemical plants - 27.29 -27.84 - - - - - - - -0.55
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.72 - - - - - - -1.15
Other transformation 0.01 0.16 - -0.39 - - - -0.12 - -0.18 -0.54
Energy ind. own use -14.52 -0.27 -116.32 -84.73 - - -0.00 -0.07 -61.36 -8.69 -285.96
Losses -0.93 - -0.02 -2.70 - - -0.00 -0.04 -54.81 -4.82 -63.32
TFC 137.35 4.27 1790.79 721.61 - - 6.55 146.72 776.78 59.52 3643.60
INDUSTRY 116.66 1.29 120.27 253.12 - - 0.40 71.87 260.13 25.71 849.46
Iron and steel 41.04 - 5.61 23.30 - - - 0.19 31.79 0.57 102.49
Chemical and petrochem. 11.27 1.29 27.90 62.24 - - - 2.35 50.05 12.51 167.61
Non-ferrous metals 2.70 - 2.91 12.31 - - 0.00 0.11 27.10 0.40 45.54
Non-metallic minerals 22.43 - 18.82 30.31 - - 0.00 3.62 15.00 0.24 90.41
Transport equipment 0.25 - 1.47 9.79 - - 0.00 0.01 10.21 0.80 22.52
Machinery 0.63 - 5.22 19.89 - - 0.00 0.06 30.73 0.71 57.24
Mining and quarrying 0.51 - 5.21 9.37 - - - 0.01 7.73 0.30 23.13
Food and tobacco 6.49 - 10.06 31.14 - - 0.00 3.60 20.33 1.67 73.30
Paper, pulp and printing 7.47 - 9.23 24.05 - - 0.14 47.48 32.68 3.67 124.71
Wood and wood products 0.18 - 2.69 2.61 - - - 9.99 5.17 0.76 21.41
Construction 2.16 - 10.09 1.93 - - 0.00 0.10 1.68 0.06 16.02
Textile and leather 0.74 - 2.19 6.42 - - 0.00 0.08 7.32 1.04 17.81
Non-specified 20.80 - 18.86 19.75 - - 0.26 4.26 20.33 3.00 87.26
TRANSPORT 0.10 - 1123.34 22.09 - - - 22.96 9.52 - 1178.01
Domestic aviation - - 80.03 - - - - - - - 80.03
Road - - 1004.07 1.85 - - - 22.96 0.00 - 1028.89
Rail 0.00 - 18.89 - - - - - 7.48 - 26.37
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 20.10 - - - - 0.40 - 20.51
Domestic navigation 0.09 - 18.57 - - - - - - - 18.67
Non-specified - - 1.75 0.14 - - - - 1.64 - 3.54
OTHER 17.21 - 204.08 418.71 - - 6.15 51.89 507.14 33.81 1238.99
Residential 12.36 - 90.27 263.99 - - 4.91 45.49 242.46 18.21 677.68
Comm. and public services 3.63 - 66.26 142.01 - - 0.84 4.48 243.45 10.52 471.19
Agriculture/forestry 1.14 - 41.14 4.30 - - 0.13 1.91 6.48 0.30 55.40
Fishing - - 4.46 0.00 - - 0.00 - 0.21 0.00 4.68
Non-specified 0.09 - 1.95 8.41 - - 0.26 0.01 14.54 4.78 30.05
NON-ENERGY USE 3.38 2.98 343.10 27.69 - - - - - - 377.14
in industry/transf./energy 3.10 2.98 334.69 27.69 - - - - - - 368.45
of which: feedstocks 0.99 2.98 230.76 26.53 - - - - - - 261.27
in transport - - 4.92 - - - - - - - 4.92
in other 0.28 - 3.49 - - - - - - - 3.77

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 3928.48 46.48 332.51 2183.98 2262.22 1224.86 189.98 213.04 - 0.75 10382.31
Electricity plants 3603.37 46.45 265.39 1634.83 2249.86 1224.86 188.98 118.65 - 0.42 9332.81
CHP plants 325.12 0.02 67.13 549.15 12.36 - 1.00 94.39 - 0.33 1049.50
Heat generated - PJ 866.12 0.08 304.09 1389.89 4.85 - 15.36 436.58 6.93 34.59 3058.47
CHP plants 716.14 0.08 270.73 1162.61 4.85 - 0.46 307.41 1.73 9.45 2473.45
Heat plants 149.98 - 33.36 227.28 - - 14.90 129.17 5.20 25.13 585.02

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.29

IEA : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1029.36 727.48 - 909.82 589.77 108.43 42.24 217.85 - 0.61 3625.56
Imports 378.86 1634.72 505.44 591.80 - - - 8.16 34.46 0.00 3153.44
Exports -270.41 -287.85 -464.70 -281.22 - - - -4.30 -33.41 -0.01 -1341.90
Intl. marine bunkers - - -91.48 - - - - - - - -91.48
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -85.83 - - - - - - - -85.83
Stock changes -17.33 -5.06 -1.83 1.50 - - - -0.49 - - -23.21
TPES 1120.48 2069.28 -138.41 1221.91 589.77 108.43 42.24 221.22 1.05 0.61 5236.57
Transfers - -19.77 31.29 - - - - - - - 11.53
Statistical differences -13.27 -22.52 -11.36 3.74 - - -0.00 0.01 0.03 -0.03 -43.41
Electricity plants -810.90 -6.91 -49.68 -297.09 -586.22 -108.43 -35.07 -37.52 805.70 -0.23 -1126.35
CHP plants -83.70 - -13.50 -107.79 -3.54 - -0.03 -26.21 88.76 58.18 -87.83
Heat plants -4.35 - -1.06 -7.15 - - -0.10 -4.18 -0.31 13.68 -3.48
Blast furnaces -49.31 - -1.19 -0.11 - - - - - - -50.61
Gas works -2.41 - -1.99 2.69 - - - -0.01 - - -1.72
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -8.50 - -1.16 -0.04 - - - - - - -9.71
Oil refineries - -2041.63 2045.95 -0.57 - - - - - - 3.75
Petrochemical plants - 24.75 -25.29 - - - - - - - -0.54
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.71 - - - - - - -1.14
Other transformation 0.01 0.19 - -0.43 - - - -0.13 - -0.33 -0.71
Energy ind. own use -14.25 -0.27 -112.71 -85.73 - - -0.00 -0.17 -65.82 -8.23 -287.16
Losses -0.90 - -0.01 -2.81 - - -0.00 -0.04 -52.96 -4.82 -61.53
TFC 132.90 3.70 1720.90 724.88 - - 7.05 152.96 776.45 58.82 3577.66
INDUSTRY 107.58 0.76 116.80 244.47 - - 0.41 69.17 254.83 24.59 818.60
Iron and steel 40.54 - 4.99 22.54 - - - 0.19 30.46 0.52 99.24
Chemical and petrochem. 11.53 0.76 26.65 60.09 - - 0.00 1.68 49.29 11.33 161.33
Non-ferrous metals 2.76 - 2.95 11.69 - - 0.00 0.10 27.51 0.43 45.44
Non-metallic minerals 21.13 - 18.28 29.95 - - 0.00 4.04 15.17 0.22 88.79
Transport equipment 0.24 - 1.48 9.42 - - 0.00 0.01 10.21 0.79 22.15
Machinery 0.42 - 4.60 19.69 - - 0.00 0.06 30.84 0.70 56.30
Mining and quarrying 0.63 - 5.48 9.23 - - - 0.00 7.63 0.22 23.19
Food and tobacco 5.79 - 9.83 30.74 - - 0.00 3.62 20.21 1.70 71.89
Paper, pulp and printing 7.70 - 8.80 22.60 - - 0.14 44.92 31.72 3.68 119.56
Wood and wood products 0.15 - 3.89 2.77 - - - 10.15 5.14 0.78 22.88
Construction 2.87 - 10.07 2.23 - - 0.00 0.09 1.69 0.05 17.02
Textile and leather 0.53 - 1.51 6.03 - - 0.00 0.07 6.90 0.91 15.95
Non-specified 13.28 - 18.28 17.49 - - 0.27 4.23 18.04 3.26 74.85
TRANSPORT 0.11 - 1076.13 22.27 - - - 30.75 9.58 - 1138.84
Domestic aviation - - 73.83 - - - - - - - 73.83
Road - - 966.67 2.19 - - - 30.75 0.00 - 999.61
Rail 0.01 - 16.18 - - - - - 7.45 - 23.63
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 19.95 - - - - 0.42 - 20.38
Domestic navigation 0.10 - 17.98 - - - - - - - 18.08
Non-specified - - 1.45 0.14 - - - - 1.72 - 3.30
OTHER 21.95 - 207.38 430.99 - - 6.64 53.04 512.04 34.23 1266.28
Residential 15.16 - 92.69 270.26 - - 5.36 46.44 243.50 18.20 691.61
Comm. and public services 4.85 - 68.00 148.15 - - 0.87 4.68 244.69 11.05 482.28
Agriculture/forestry 1.18 - 41.04 3.74 - - 0.14 1.91 6.93 0.31 55.25
Fishing - - 3.91 0.00 - - 0.00 - 0.22 0.00 4.13
Non-specified 0.75 - 1.74 8.85 - - 0.27 0.01 16.71 4.67 33.00
NON-ENERGY USE 3.27 2.94 320.59 27.15 - - - - - - 353.94
in industry/transf./energy 3.01 2.94 312.47 27.15 - - - - - - 345.57
of which: feedstocks 1.06 2.94 216.05 26.00 - - - - - - 246.06
in transport - - 4.47 - - - - - - - 4.47
in other 0.26 - 3.65 - - - - - - - 3.91

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 3861.08 35.14 293.71 2233.67 2262.62 1260.84 233.11 219.72 - 0.85 10400.73
Electricity plants 3536.56 35.14 234.73 1694.50 2249.47 1260.84 232.30 124.28 - 0.42 9368.22
CHP plants 324.52 0.00 58.98 539.17 13.15 - 0.81 95.44 - 0.43 1032.51
Heat generated - PJ 852.07 0.01 272.79 1382.24 4.82 - 14.08 462.48 6.21 39.94 3034.63
CHP plants 706.88 0.01 246.16 1147.87 4.82 - 0.61 327.59 0.19 12.82 2446.95
Heat plants 145.18 - 26.63 234.37 - - 13.47 134.89 6.02 27.12 587.68

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.30 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

IEA

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 966.53 736.79 - 902.63 579.73 107.33 46.38 217.98 - 0.60 3557.97
Imports 329.66 1508.86 493.48 576.65 - - - 6.47 31.99 0.00 2947.11
Exports -257.00 -289.63 -454.82 -276.99 - - - -2.88 -30.86 -0.01 -1312.18
Intl. marine bunkers - - -87.04 - - - - - - - -87.04
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -81.08 - - - - - - - -81.08
Stock changes -29.38 -1.38 -3.60 -0.92 - - - -0.29 - - -35.57
TPES 1009.81 1954.65 -133.07 1201.38 579.73 107.33 46.38 221.27 1.13 0.60 4989.21
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 3548.61 16.42 248.01 2181.10 2224.05 1247.98 268.30 224.76 - 0.77 9960.00
Heat generated - PJ 817.97 0.01 236.66 1345.87 5.52 - 13.92 470.70 6.60 34.64 2931.89

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 2299.9 2759.5 3227.4 3586.9 3594.9 3625.6 3558.0
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 1139.4 1341.1 1294.5 1603.9 1874.9 1811.5 1634.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 3314.0 3954.3 4355.7 5086.0 5308.9 5236.6 4989.2
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 1119.5 1263.7 1134.3 1294.3 1429.9 1387.6 1257.9
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 1671.0 1867.7 1769.0 1999.0 2001.5 1930.9 1821.6
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 3508.6 5174.8 6943.6 8893.9 9823.0 9865.9 9423.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 6195.1 10647.0 14402.5 19563.0 25333.6 29600.6 29722.5 29044.6
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 6664.8 11241.8 15166.7 20423.0 26701.4 31484.1 31664.5 31005.6
Population (millions) 735.33 831.75 898.93 961.23 1028.23 1075.87 1082.93 1088.07
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.6940 0.6978 0.7409 0.7053 0.6771 0.6924 0.7131


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.9943 1.0043 0.9971 0.8870 0.8910 0.9187 0.9571
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.3951 0.3916 0.4349 0.4343 0.3732 0.3768 0.4045
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 1.0032 0.9191 0.8492 0.7807 0.7276 0.7446 0.7513

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3113 0.2746 0.2227 0.2008 0.1794 0.1762 0.1718
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2948 0.2607 0.2133 0.1905 0.1686 0.1654 0.1609
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 3.9844 4.3989 4.5314 4.9463 4.9346 4.8356 4.5854

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1051 0.0877 0.0580 0.0511 0.0483 0.0467 0.0433
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1569 0.1297 0.0904 0.0789 0.0676 0.0650 0.0627
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 2.0090 2.0777 1.8403 1.9441 1.8604 1.7830 1.6741

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.3295 0.3593 0.3549 0.3511 0.3319 0.3319 0.3244
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 4218 5757 7224 8650 9130 9110 8660

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.31

IEA Total
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
4000 6000 100%

90%
3500
5000
80%
3000
70%
4000
2500
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
2000 3000 50%

1500 40%
2000
30%
1000
20%
1000
500
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 1400

1200
100%

1000
80%
800
Mtoe

60%
600

40%
400

20% 200

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


12000 250

10000
200

8000
150
1971=100
TWh

6000
100
4000

50
2000

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.32 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Australia : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 227.38 25.30 - 38.96 - 1.23 0.38 5.35 - - 298.60
Imports 0.03 20.74 10.99 4.60 - - - - - - 36.35
Exports -164.80 -15.10 -1.45 -17.77 - - - - - - -199.13
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.84 - - - - - - - -0.84
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.08 - - - - - - - -3.08
Stock changes -7.14 -0.29 -0.02 - - - - - - - -7.44
TPES 55.47 30.65 5.60 25.79 - 1.23 0.38 5.35 - - 124.46
Transfers - 2.77 1.57 - - - - - - - 4.34
Statistical differences -0.37 0.15 0.06 -0.24 - - - - - - -0.40
Electricity plants -48.02 - -0.52 -6.28 - -1.23 -0.24 -0.36 20.43 - -36.21
CHP plants -1.53 - - -1.55 - - - -0.78 1.14 - -2.71
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.16 - - -0.08 - - - - - - -1.25
Gas works - - -0.02 -0.16 - - - - - - -0.18
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.07 - -0.02 - - - - - - - -0.09
Oil refineries - -33.44 32.36 - - - - - - - -1.08
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.63 -0.13 -2.41 -4.84 - - - - -2.42 - -10.43
Losses - - - - - - - - -1.39 - -1.39
TFC 3.68 - 36.62 12.64 - - 0.14 4.21 17.77 - 75.07
INDUSTRY 3.54 - 3.90 7.80 - - - 2.63 7.98 - 25.85
Iron and steel 0.48 - 0.05 0.53 - - - - 0.65 - 1.72
Chemical and petrochem. 0.30 - 0.19 1.35 - - - 0.12 0.39 - 2.34
Non-ferrous metals 1.43 - 0.84 2.61 - - - 0.06 4.19 - 9.12
Non-metallic minerals 0.73 - 0.16 1.41 - - - - 0.35 - 2.65
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - .. - -
Machinery - - 0.04 0.10 - - - - 0.22 - 0.36
Mining and quarrying 0.14 - 1.76 0.59 - - - - 0.95 - 3.44
Food and tobacco 0.23 - 0.29 0.60 - - - 2.01 0.62 - 3.76
Paper, pulp and printing 0.22 - 0.04 0.39 - - - 0.22 0.50 - 1.37
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 - - - - 0.23 - - 0.24
Construction - - 0.51 0.07 - - - - 0.01 - 0.59
Textile and leather 0.02 - 0.01 0.14 - - - - 0.07 - 0.24
Non-specified - - - 0.01 - - - - 0.02 - 0.03
TRANSPORT 0.09 - 26.60 0.40 - - - 0.10 0.23 - 27.42
Domestic aviation - - 1.91 - - - - - - - 1.91
Road - - 23.34 0.03 - - - 0.10 - - 23.47
Rail - - 0.63 - - - - - 0.19 - 0.82
Pipeline transport - - - 0.34 - - - - 0.00 - 0.34
Domestic navigation 0.09 - 0.59 - - - - - - - 0.68
Non-specified - - 0.15 0.02 - - - - 0.03 - 0.20
OTHER 0.05 - 2.78 3.82 - - 0.14 1.47 9.56 - 17.83
Residential 0.00 - 0.27 2.91 - - 0.14 1.46 4.84 - 9.62
Comm. and public services 0.05 - 0.59 0.91 - - 0.00 0.01 4.57 - 6.13
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.92 0.00 - - - - 0.16 - 2.08
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 3.34 0.63 - - - - - - 3.97
in industry/transf./energy - - 3.34 0.63 - - - - - - 3.97
of which: feedstocks - - 1.29 0.63 - - - - - - 1.91
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 197.64 - 2.11 32.04 - 14.28 2.74 2.01 - - 250.82
Electricity plants 191.98 - 2.11 25.48 - 14.28 2.74 0.97 - - 237.55
CHP plants 5.66 - - 6.57 - - - 1.04 - - 13.27
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.33

Australia : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 231.87 23.86 - 39.38 - 1.02 0.51 5.49 - - 302.13
Imports 0.00 21.34 14.39 4.34 - - - - - - 40.07
Exports -172.59 -14.99 -1.52 -18.00 - - - - - - -207.09
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.95 - - - - - - - -0.95
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.05 - - - - - - - -3.05
Stock changes -1.33 0.21 0.13 - - - - - - - -0.99
TPES 57.96 30.41 8.99 25.72 - 1.02 0.51 5.49 - - 130.11
Transfers - 3.68 1.05 - - - - - - - 4.74
Statistical differences -1.73 -1.40 -2.44 1.12 - - - 0.00 - - -4.45
Electricity plants -48.89 - -0.68 -7.52 - -1.02 -0.35 -0.47 20.92 - -38.02
CHP plants -1.44 - - -1.76 - - - -0.79 1.19 - -2.79
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.17 - - -0.08 - - - - - - -1.26
Gas works - - -0.02 -0.19 - - - - - - -0.21
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.07 - -0.02 - - - - - - - -0.09
Oil refineries - -32.56 32.84 - - - - - - - 0.28
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.63 -0.13 -2.34 -4.64 - - - - -2.42 - -10.16
Losses - - - - - - - - -1.45 - -1.45
TFC 4.04 - 37.39 12.65 - - 0.16 4.23 18.24 - 76.71
INDUSTRY 3.89 - 4.47 7.68 - - - 2.68 8.16 - 26.88
Iron and steel 0.51 - 0.06 0.54 - - - - 0.71 - 1.82
Chemical and petrochem. 0.31 - 0.20 1.39 - - - 0.12 0.38 - 2.39
Non-ferrous metals 1.69 - 1.17 2.46 - - - 0.06 4.24 - 9.62
Non-metallic minerals 0.77 - 0.18 1.32 - - - - 0.37 - 2.64
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - .. - -
Machinery - - 0.04 0.10 - - - - 0.22 - 0.36
Mining and quarrying 0.13 - 1.95 0.66 - - - - 0.98 - 3.72
Food and tobacco 0.25 - 0.30 0.62 - - - 2.04 0.64 - 3.86
Paper, pulp and printing 0.21 - 0.04 0.38 - - - 0.23 0.52 - 1.38
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 - - - - 0.23 - - 0.24
Construction - - 0.51 0.07 - - - - 0.01 - 0.59
Textile and leather 0.02 - 0.01 0.13 - - - - 0.07 - 0.22
Non-specified - - - 0.01 - - - - 0.02 - 0.03
TRANSPORT 0.10 - 26.75 0.40 - - - 0.12 0.24 - 27.61
Domestic aviation - - 2.13 - - - - - - - 2.13
Road - - 23.22 0.04 - - - 0.12 - - 23.38
Rail - - 0.66 - - - - - 0.21 - 0.86
Pipeline transport - - - 0.35 - - - - 0.00 - 0.35
Domestic navigation 0.10 - 0.58 - - - - - - - 0.68
Non-specified - - 0.16 0.02 - - - - 0.04 - 0.22
OTHER 0.04 - 2.84 3.88 - - 0.16 1.44 9.84 - 18.20
Residential 0.00 - 0.29 2.95 - - 0.15 1.43 5.00 - 9.83
Comm. and public services 0.04 - 0.61 0.92 - - 0.00 0.01 4.68 - 6.26
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.95 0.00 - - - - 0.16 - 2.11
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 3.33 0.69 - - - - - - 4.02
in industry/transf./energy - - 3.33 0.69 - - - - - - 4.02
of which: feedstocks - - 1.24 0.69 - - - - - - 1.93
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 197.62 - 2.76 38.51 - 11.91 4.10 2.20 - - 257.10
Electricity plants 192.26 - 2.76 31.04 - 11.91 4.10 1.18 - - 243.24
CHP plants 5.37 - - 7.47 - - - 1.02 - - 13.86
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.34 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Australia

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 236.12 25.50 - 41.17 - 0.99 0.54 5.29 - - 309.61
Imports - 19.89 15.62 5.12 - - - - - - 40.63
Exports -179.26 -15.43 -0.93 -18.02 - - - - - - -213.64
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.83 - - - - - - - -0.83
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.25 - - - - - - - -3.25
Stock changes -1.15 0.03 -0.25 - - - - - - - -1.37
TPES 55.71 29.99 10.36 28.28 - 0.99 0.54 5.29 - - 131.16
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 187.69 - 2.76 38.16 - 11.56 3.96 2.08 - - 246.20
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 21.3 53.9 85.4 157.5 233.6 298.6 302.1 309.6
Net imports (Mtoe) 12.0 -1.7 -16.6 -64.5 -127.1 -162.8 -167.0 -173.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 31.5 51.6 69.6 86.2 108.1 124.5 130.1 131.2
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 12.7 11.3 11.3 5.1 3.6 15.2 19.2 19.2
Oil supply (Mtoe) 11.2 24.2 30.1 31.2 34.2 36.3 39.4 40.4
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 18.8 48.5 86.9 145.5 195.3 234.9 240.4 229.4

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 93.7 e 163.4 210.4 281.4 399.6 504.9 516.4 531.5
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 123.1 e 214.9 276.6 370.0 525.4 663.8 679.0 698.8
Population (millions) 10.40 e 13.20 14.81 17.17 19.27 21.15 21.51 21.63
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 55.60 74.50 93.80 104.80 107.90 104.80

Total self-sufficiency** 0.6767 1.0434 1.2271 1.8269 2.1603 2.3992 2.3221 2.3606
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 1.0615 1.5473 1.8997 3.0332 3.4175 e 4.0992 4.0003 4.2384
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.6140 0.7084 0.9303 0.9929 0.6980 0.6055 0.6319
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 1.0000 1.0000 1.1589 1.4807 1.5108 1.5308 1.4560

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3362 e 0.3158 0.3308 0.3064 0.2705 0.2465 0.2520 0.2468
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2557 e 0.2402 0.2516 0.2330 0.2058 0.1875 0.1916 0.1877
TPES/population (toe per capita) 3.0263 e 3.9107 4.7007 5.0219 5.6103 5.8838 6.0478 6.0646

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1360 e 0.0689 0.0535 0.0181 0.0089 0.0300 0.0372 0.0360
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1191 e 0.1478 0.1430 0.1109 0.0855 0.0718 0.0763 0.0759
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 1.0722 e 1.8296 2.0311 1.8172 1.7723 1.7135 1.8315 1.8659

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2003 e 0.2970 0.4131 0.5171 0.4886 0.4654 0.4655 0.4316
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1803 e 3678 5869 8475 10132 11107 11174 10608

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 121.22 102.48 99.11 93.77 94.38 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 202.06 121.36 115.24 97.88 102.40 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.35

Australia
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
350 140 100%

90%
300 120
80%
250 100 70%

60%
200 80
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
150 60
40%

100 40 30%

20%
50 20
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
450% 35

400%
30
350%
25
300%

250% 20
Mtoe

200% 15

150%
10
100%
5
50%

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


300 350

250 300

250
200
200
1971=100
TWh

150
150
100
100

50 50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.36 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Austria : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.00 1.00 - 1.59 - 3.15 0.32 4.86 - 0.00 10.92
Imports 4.10 8.07 6.74 8.16 - - - 0.70 1.90 - 29.66
Exports -0.04 -0.02 -2.06 -2.51 - - - -0.44 -1.33 - -6.40
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.57 - - - - - - - -0.57
Stock changes -0.23 0.07 0.07 -0.26 - - - -0.02 - - -0.36
TPES 3.83 9.12 4.19 6.98 - 3.15 0.32 5.10 0.57 0.00 33.25
Transfers - 0.06 -0.04 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences -0.00 0.00 - -0.00 - - - 0.00 - - 0.00
Electricity plants -1.52 - -0.08 -0.50 - -3.15 -0.18 -0.71 4.43 -0.00 -1.72
CHP plants -0.16 - -0.29 -1.51 - - - -0.70 0.93 1.05 -0.70
Heat plants - - -0.06 -0.15 - - -0.02 -0.37 - 0.48 -0.12
Blast furnaces -0.83 - -0.26 - - - - - - - -1.09
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.08 - - - - - - - - - -0.08
Oil refineries - -9.18 9.16 - - - - - - - -0.02
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use -0.58 - -0.79 -0.35 - - - - -0.51 - -2.23
Losses -0.06 - - .. - - - - -0.30 -0.12 -0.48
TFC 0.60 - 11.81 4.47 - - 0.11 3.32 5.12 1.40 26.83
INDUSTRY 0.49 - 0.76 2.39 - - - 1.16 2.40 0.20 7.39
Iron and steel 0.24 - 0.01 0.37 - - - 0.02 0.32 0.00 0.96
Chemical and petrochem. 0.02 - 0.01 0.35 - - - 0.14 0.33 0.04 0.89
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.01 0.10 - - - 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.20
Non-metallic minerals 0.17 - 0.10 0.34 - - - 0.20 0.18 0.00 0.98
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.05 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.15
Machinery - - 0.05 0.16 - - - 0.01 0.32 0.03 0.56
Mining and quarrying - - 0.02 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.15
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.06 0.26 - - - 0.01 0.16 0.02 0.52
Paper, pulp and printing 0.07 - 0.03 0.48 - - - 0.48 0.43 0.02 1.51
Wood and wood products - - 0.02 0.07 - - - 0.24 0.17 0.05 0.55
Construction - - 0.42 0.04 - - - 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.54
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.05 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.11
Non-specified - - 0.02 0.04 - - - 0.03 0.16 0.01 0.26
TRANSPORT - - 7.66 0.19 - - - 0.34 0.28 - 8.47
Domestic aviation - - 0.18 - - - - - - - 0.18
Road - - 7.41 0.00 - - - 0.34 e - - 7.75
Rail - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.16 - 0.22
Pipeline transport - - - 0.19 - - - - 0.01 - 0.21
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.11 - 0.11
OTHER 0.10 - 1.90 1.65 - - 0.11 1.83 2.44 1.20 9.23
Residential 0.08 - 1.36 1.15 - - 0.07 1.58 1.45 0.64 6.33
Comm. and public services 0.02 - 0.27 0.48 - - 0.04 0.06 0.89 0.55 2.32
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.27 0.01 - - 0.00 0.19 0.10 0.01 0.59
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.01 - 1.48 0.24 - - - - - - 1.74
in industry/transf./energy 0.01 - 1.45 0.24 - - - - - - 1.70
of which: feedstocks - - 0.90 0.24 - - - - - - 1.13
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 7.59 - 1.28 9.91 - 36.67 2.06 4.75 - 0.02 62.28
Electricity plants 7.13 - 0.42 2.57 - 36.67 2.06 2.65 - 0.02 51.52
CHP plants 0.47 - 0.86 7.34 - - - 2.10 - - 10.76
Heat generated - PJ 3.04 - 7.49 26.35 - - 0.52 26.34 - 0.15 63.89
CHP plants 3.04 - 5.28 21.96 - - - 13.54 - - 43.82
Heat plants - - 2.21 4.39 - - 0.52 12.80 - 0.15 20.07

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.37

Austria : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.00 0.99 - 1.32 - 3.26 0.33 5.14 - 0.00 11.04
Imports 3.92 8.33 6.56 8.30 - - - 0.77 1.70 - 29.59
Exports -0.01 -0.02 -2.42 -1.79 - - - -0.47 -1.28 - -5.99
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.60 - - - - - - - -0.60
Stock changes -0.28 0.01 -0.14 -0.36 - - - -0.02 - - -0.79
TPES 3.64 9.31 3.40 7.47 - 3.26 0.33 5.41 0.42 0.00 33.25
Transfers - 0.01 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences -0.01 0.02 - -0.00 - - - -0.00 - - 0.02
Electricity plants -1.32 - -0.11 -0.72 - -3.26 -0.18 -0.76 4.64 -0.00 -1.72
CHP plants -0.18 - -0.25 -1.41 - - - -0.84 0.90 1.10 -0.68
Heat plants - - -0.05 -0.24 - - -0.03 -0.37 - 0.52 -0.17
Blast furnaces -0.77 - -0.22 - - - - - - - -0.98
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.05 - - - - - - - - - -0.05
Oil refineries - -9.34 9.36 - - - - - - - 0.02
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use -0.67 - -0.75 -0.37 - - - - -0.53 - -2.32
Losses -0.06 - - .. - - - - -0.30 -0.13 -0.48
TFC 0.59 - 11.39 4.73 - - 0.12 3.44 5.12 1.48 26.88
INDUSTRY 0.47 - 0.78 2.45 - - - 1.14 2.36 0.20 7.40
Iron and steel 0.23 - 0.03 0.36 - - - 0.04 0.30 0.00 0.97
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.02 0.38 - - - 0.14 0.33 0.04 0.92
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.01 0.11 - - - 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.21
Non-metallic minerals 0.16 - 0.11 0.36 - - - 0.23 0.18 0.00 1.03
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.04 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.02 0.13
Machinery - - 0.05 0.17 - - - 0.01 0.35 0.03 0.60
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.15
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.06 0.27 - - - 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.51
Paper, pulp and printing 0.06 - 0.02 0.47 - - - 0.43 0.42 0.02 1.42
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 0.09 - - - 0.23 0.15 0.05 0.53
Construction - - 0.45 0.04 - - - 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.58
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.05 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.10
Non-specified - - 0.01 0.04 - - - 0.03 0.15 0.01 0.25
TRANSPORT - - 7.11 0.25 - - - 0.42 0.28 - 8.05
Domestic aviation - - 0.15 - - - - - - - 0.15
Road - - 6.89 0.00 - - - 0.42 e - - 7.31
Rail - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.16 - 0.21
Pipeline transport - - - 0.25 - - - - 0.01 - 0.26
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.11 - 0.11
OTHER 0.10 - 2.09 1.77 - - 0.12 1.89 2.49 1.28 9.74
Residential 0.08 - 1.40 1.17 - - 0.07 1.63 1.46 0.67 6.49
Comm. and public services 0.02 - 0.42 0.58 - - 0.05 0.06 0.93 0.61 2.65
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.27 0.01 - - 0.00 0.20 0.10 0.01 0.60
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.02 - 1.40 0.27 - - - - - - 1.69
in industry/transf./energy 0.02 - 1.37 0.27 - - - - - - 1.66
of which: feedstocks - - 0.84 0.27 - - - - - - 1.10
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 6.90 - 1.24 11.20 - 37.95 2.04 5.02 - 0.02 64.37
Electricity plants 6.39 - 0.51 4.26 - 37.95 2.04 2.75 - 0.02 53.92
CHP plants 0.51 - 0.73 6.94 - - - 2.27 - - 10.45
Heat generated - PJ 3.37 - 5.91 28.05 - - 0.67 29.59 - 0.15 67.73
CHP plants 3.37 - 4.24 21.55 - - - 16.79 - - 45.94
Heat plants - - 1.67 6.50 - - 0.67 12.80 - 0.15 21.79

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.38 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Austria

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 1.06 - 1.44 - 3.36 0.38 5.01 - 0.00 11.25
Imports 3.45 7.98 6.16 9.50 - - - 0.75 1.68 - 29.52
Exports -0.00 -0.00 -2.09 -2.99 - - - -0.37 -1.61 - -7.07
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.52 - - - - - - - -0.52
Stock changes -0.42 0.02 0.02 -0.37 - - - -0.01 - - -0.75
TPES 3.02 9.06 3.57 7.59 - 3.36 0.38 5.38 0.07 0.00 32.42
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 5.05 - 1.12 12.04 - 39.04 2.48 5.81 - 0.02 65.54
Heat generated - PJ 3.45 - 6.05 28.73 - - 0.68 30.31 - 0.15 69.38

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 7.4 7.4 7.6 8.1 9.8 10.9 11.0 11.3
Net imports (Mtoe) 3.8 11.6 16.1 17.3 19.1 23.3 23.6 22.5
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 10.9 18.8 23.2 24.8 28.5 33.3 33.3 32.4
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 0.6 7.8 11.0 9.6 11.0 12.7 12.5 12.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 3.0 10.0 12.1 10.3 11.7 13.3 12.7 12.6
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 12.8 24.1 35.4 46.9 57.0 67.9 68.5 66.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 53.2 e 88.6 120.3 149.0 191.2 221.7 226.2 223.5
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 64.1 e 106.8 145.0 179.6 230.5 267.2 272.7 269.4
Population (millions) 7.05 e 7.50 7.55 7.68 8.01 8.30 8.34 8.33
Industrial production index (2005=100) 17.80 32.70 45.40 59.60 85.30 113.60 115.70 102.00

Total self-sufficiency** 0.6752 0.3915 0.3296 0.3271 0.3435 0.3284 0.3322 0.3470
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.3643 0.2543 0.2307 0.1556 0.0814 0.0001 0.0001 -
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.8370 0.2617 0.1260 0.1169 0.0934 0.0749 0.0783 0.0842
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.9989 0.5767 0.4016 0.2115 0.2351 0.2276 0.1762 0.1894

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2049 e 0.2124 0.1925 0.1663 0.1491 0.1500 0.1470 0.1451
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1699 e 0.1762 0.1596 0.1380 0.1237 0.1244 0.1219 0.1204
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.5464 e 2.5083 3.0672 3.2277 3.5591 4.0058 3.9878 3.8914

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0105 e 0.0881 0.0914 0.0646 0.0574 0.0574 0.0550 0.0539
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0561 e 0.1134 0.1004 0.0694 0.0611 0.0600 0.0562 0.0565
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.4236 e 1.3390 1.6004 1.3463 1.4585 1.6029 1.5245 1.5157

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2404 e 0.2720 0.2940 0.3146 0.2979 0.3064 0.3029 0.2961
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1815 e 3213 4685 6104 7109 8181 8218 7943

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 255.23 198.59 163.66 130.89 103.89 93.82 91.75 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 345.54 422.08 211.32 152.63 109.42 98.73 94.54 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.39

Austria
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
12 40 100%

90%
35
10
80%
30
70%
8
25
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
6 20 50%

15 40%
4
30%
10
20%
2
5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
70% 12

60% 10

50%
8

40%
Mtoe

6
30%
4
20%

2
10%

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


70 300

60
250

50
200
40
1971=100
TWh

150
30
100
20

50
10

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.40 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Belgium : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - 12.57 0.03 0.05 1.65 - 0.06 14.37
Imports 5.05 37.36 19.21 14.90 - - - 0.45 1.36 - 78.33
Exports -0.97 -3.53 -21.13 - - - - -0.04 -0.78 - -26.46
Intl. marine bunkers - - -9.23 - - - - - - - -9.23
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.01 - - - - - - - -1.01
Stock changes 0.17 -0.03 0.86 0.03 - - - - - - 1.03
TPES 4.24 33.80 -11.30 14.92 12.57 0.03 0.05 2.06 0.58 0.06 57.03
Transfers - 6.22 -5.92 - - - - - - - 0.31
Statistical differences 0.42 0.15 0.23 0.14 - - - -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.94
Electricity plants -1.91 - -0.16 -2.68 -12.57 -0.03 -0.04 -0.97 6.59 e -0.06 e -11.85
CHP plants -0.23 - -0.02 -1.61 - - - -0.25 0.94 e 0.63 -0.54
Heat plants - - - -0.00 - - -0.00 - - 0.00 -0.00
Blast furnaces -1.10 e - - - - - - - - - -1.10
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.22 - - - - - - - - - -0.22
Oil refineries - -40.18 38.15 - - - - - - - -2.03
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.19 - -1.29 -0.19 - - - - -0.63 -0.21 -2.50
Losses - - - - - - -0.00 - -0.35 -0.02 -0.37
TFC 1.01 - 19.68 10.58 - - 0.00 0.84 7.13 0.41 39.65
INDUSTRY 0.88 - 1.00 4.86 - - - 0.53 3.45 0.33 11.05
Iron and steel 0.63 e - 0.03 0.66 - - - - 0.56 - 1.88
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.11 2.07 - - - 0.01 1.13 0.24 3.56
Non-ferrous metals 0.02 - 0.03 0.14 - - - - 0.20 - 0.38
Non-metallic minerals 0.14 - 0.27 0.41 - - - 0.14 0.20 - 1.16
Transport equipment - - - 0.13 - - - - 0.10 - 0.23
Machinery 0.01 - 0.02 0.11 - - - 0.00 0.18 - 0.33
Mining and quarrying - - - 0.01 - - - - 0.06 - 0.07
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.08 0.50 - - - 0.01 0.39 0.04 1.05
Paper, pulp and printing 0.03 - 0.03 0.23 - - - 0.26 0.24 0.04 0.84
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.11 0.13 0.00 0.25
Construction - - 0.07 0.08 - - - - 0.07 - 0.21
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.25 - - - - 0.14 0.00 0.40
Non-specified 0.03 - 0.36 0.27 - - - - 0.02 0.01 0.70
TRANSPORT - - 8.24 - - - - 0.09 0.14 - 8.48
Domestic aviation - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Road - - 8.01 - - - - 0.09 - - 8.10
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.14 - 0.18
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.20 - - - - - - - 0.20
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.11 - 4.17 4.81 - - 0.00 0.22 3.53 0.08 12.93
Residential 0.11 - 2.62 3.28 - - 0.00 0.20 1.88 0.01 8.11
Comm. and public services - - 0.93 1.37 - - 0.00 0.01 1.56 0.05 3.91
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.63 0.17 - - - 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.91
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - 0.00 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE 0.02 - 6.26 0.91 - - - - - - 7.19
in industry/transf./energy 0.02 - 6.21 0.91 - - - - - - 7.14
of which: feedstocks 0.02 - 5.35 0.91 - - - - - - 6.29
in transport - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
in other - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 8.33 - 0.81 25.39 48.23 0.39 0.50 3.64 - 0.25 87.53
Electricity plants 7.80 e - 0.69 15.79 48.23 0.39 0.50 2.97 - 0.15 76.51
CHP plants 0.52 e - 0.13 9.60 - - - 0.68 - 0.09 11.02
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.01 26.25 - - 0.06 0.24 - 2.66 29.21
CHP plants - - 0.01 26.17 - - - 0.24 - - 26.41
Heat plants - - - 0.08 - - 0.06 - - 2.66 e 2.80

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.41

Belgium : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.00 0.51 - - 11.88 0.04 0.07 1.99 - 0.06 14.55
Imports 5.46 37.53 22.79 14.89 - - - 0.55 1.48 - 82.70
Exports -0.82 -3.94 -20.81 - - - - -0.17 -0.56 - -26.31
Intl. marine bunkers - - -9.52 - - - - - - - -9.52
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -2.04 - - - - - - - -2.04
Stock changes -0.29 -0.04 -0.39 -0.06 - - - - - - -0.78
TPES 4.35 34.05 -9.97 14.83 11.88 0.04 0.07 2.37 0.91 0.06 58.58
Transfers - 4.94 -4.65 - - - - - - - 0.29
Statistical differences 0.11 0.05 0.27 0.13 - - - 0.00 -0.01 - 0.54
Electricity plants -1.53 - -0.06 -2.36 -11.88 -0.04 -0.06 -1.16 6.18 -0.06 -10.96
CHP plants -0.34 - -0.02 -1.87 - - - -0.23 1.01 0.68 -0.77
Heat plants - - - -0.00 - - -0.00 - - 0.00 -0.00
Blast furnaces -1.16 e - - - - - - - - - -1.16
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.08 - - - - - - - - - -0.08
Oil refineries - -39.04 37.91 - - - - - - - -1.13
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.14 - -1.56 -0.07 - - - - -0.61 -0.19 -2.57
Losses - - - - - - -0.00 - -0.37 -0.02 -0.39
TFC 1.21 - 21.92 10.66 - - 0.01 0.97 7.11 0.47 42.36
INDUSTRY 1.03 - 0.71 4.61 - - - 0.62 3.36 0.37 10.71
Iron and steel 0.79 e - 0.01 0.63 - - - - 0.55 - 1.98
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.06 2.04 - - - 0.01 1.05 0.28 3.45
Non-ferrous metals 0.01 - 0.01 0.09 - - - - 0.19 - 0.30
Non-metallic minerals 0.16 - 0.27 0.50 - - - 0.22 0.21 - 1.38
Transport equipment - - - 0.10 - - - - 0.09 - 0.20
Machinery - - 0.02 0.09 - - - 0.00 0.19 - 0.29
Mining and quarrying - - 0.00 0.01 - - - - 0.07 - 0.08
Food and tobacco 0.03 - 0.04 0.46 - - - 0.01 0.38 0.03 0.95
Paper, pulp and printing 0.03 - 0.02 0.13 - - - 0.28 0.23 0.04 0.73
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.10 0.12 - 0.23
Construction - - 0.05 0.14 - - - - 0.07 - 0.26
Textile and leather 0.00 - 0.00 0.12 - - - - 0.13 - 0.26
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.22 0.29 - - - - 0.07 0.01 0.60
TRANSPORT - - 8.92 - - - - 0.10 0.15 - 9.17
Domestic aviation - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Road - - 8.76 - - - - 0.10 - - 8.86
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.14 - 0.18
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.15 - 5.06 5.16 - - 0.01 0.25 3.61 0.10 14.34
Residential 0.15 - 3.36 3.30 - - 0.01 0.22 1.72 0.01 8.78
Comm. and public services - - 1.16 1.70 - - 0.00 0.01 1.79 0.07 4.72
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.53 0.17 - - - 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.83
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.01
NON-ENERGY USE 0.02 - 7.23 0.89 - - - - - - 8.14
in industry/transf./energy 0.02 - 7.17 0.89 - - - - - - 8.08
of which: feedstocks 0.02 - 6.32 0.89 - - - - - - 7.23
in transport - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
in other - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 7.24 - 0.41 24.65 45.57 0.41 0.68 4.39 - 0.24 83.58
Electricity plants 6.66 - 0.30 14.61 45.57 0.41 0.68 3.37 - 0.13 71.73
CHP plants 0.58 - 0.11 10.04 - - - 1.02 - 0.11 11.85
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.00 27.56 - - 0.07 1.01 - 2.66 31.30
CHP plants - - 0.00 27.51 - - - 1.01 - - 28.52
Heat plants - - - 0.05 - - 0.07 - - 2.66 2.78

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.42 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Belgium

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 0.59 - - 12.31 0.04 0.11 2.43 - 0.06 15.54
Imports 5.10 34.89 17.41 14.45 - - - 0.57 0.82 - 73.23
Exports -2.20 -4.08 -16.89 - - - - -0.46 -0.97 - -24.61
Intl. marine bunkers - - -7.22 - - - - - - - -7.22
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.81 - - - - - - - -1.81
Stock changes 0.31 0.02 0.08 0.22 - - - - - - 0.63
TPES 3.20 31.42 -8.44 14.67 12.31 0.04 0.11 2.54 -0.16 0.06 55.76
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 6.15 - 0.72 29.03 47.25 0.41 1.15 4.73 - 0.24 89.68
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.00 27.56 - - 0.07 1.01 - 2.66 31.30

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 14.0 6.8 8.1 13.1 13.7 14.4 14.6 15.5
Net imports (Mtoe) 8.2 37.0 42.3 40.1 51.1 51.9 56.4 48.6
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 23.1 39.7 46.8 48.3 58.5 57.0 58.6 55.8
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 7.7 28.8 26.4 22.6 30.1 31.9 35.6 31.3
Oil supply (Mtoe) 7.0 24.8 23.3 18.0 23.3 22.5 24.1 23.0
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 14.4 31.1 48.3 63.6 84.6 91.5 91.3 84.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 68.8 e 113.9 152.9 186.5 232.4 265.9 268.7 263.4
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 83.8 e 138.7 186.2 227.2 283.1 324.0 327.3 320.8
Population (millions) 9.13 e 9.66 9.86 9.97 10.25 10.62 10.71 10.78
Industrial production index (2005=100) 33.40 55.40 67.90 82.60 96.20 107.90 107.40 92.80

Total self-sufficiency** 0.6070 0.1726 0.1730 0.2714 0.2347 0.2520 0.2483 0.2787
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.8725 0.6691 0.4131 0.1117 0.0261 - 0.0001 -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - 0.0211 0.0259
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.6740 0.0080 0.0037 0.0012 0.0002 - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3354 e 0.3484 0.3060 0.2589 0.2518 0.2144 0.2180 0.2117
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2753 e 0.2860 0.2512 0.2125 0.2067 0.1760 0.1790 0.1738
TPES/population (toe per capita) 2.5270 e 4.1055 4.7437 4.8439 5.7104 5.3686 5.4709 5.1747

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1126 e 0.2530 0.1728 0.1212 0.1296 0.1200 0.1324 0.1189
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1025 e 0.2180 0.1527 0.0963 0.1001 0.0846 0.0896 0.0873
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.7720 e 2.5698 2.3673 1.8013 2.2705 2.1178 2.2486 2.1329

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2099 e 0.2733 0.3157 0.3410 0.3639 0.3442 0.3397 0.3225
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1581 e 3221 4894 6380 8252 8618 8523 7882

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 121.58 143.52 112.68 91.26 113.28 94.18 97.70 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 96.45 175.59 85.88 66.29 103.15 87.66 96.21 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.43

Belgium
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
18 70 100%

16 90%
60
14 80%
50 70%
12
60%
10 40
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
8 30
40%
6
20 30%
4
20%
10
2 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
80% 20

18
70%
16
60%
14
50% 12
Mtoe

40% 10

8
30%
6
20%
4
10% 2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


100 300
90
250
80
70
200
60
1971=100
TWh

50 150
40
100
30
20 50
10
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.44 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Canada : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 34.28 e 161.95 - 151.36 24.36 31.88 0.26 11.83 e - - 415.92
Imports 10.50 43.24 13.31 10.80 - - - 0.26 1.67 - 79.76
Exports -18.40 e -97.87 -21.69 -88.25 - - - -0.01 -4.33 - -230.55
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.63 - - - - - - - -0.63
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.52 - - - - - - - -0.52
Stock changes 0.05 2.01 -0.62 6.69 - - - - - - 8.12
TPES 26.41 109.32 -10.15 80.59 24.36 31.88 0.26 12.08 -2.66 - 272.10
Transfers - -2.55 6.33 - - - - - - - 3.78
Statistical differences 4.20 -4.93 1.45 1.25 - - - 0.00 0.00 -0.04 1.93
Electricity plants -24.89 - -2.71 -5.98 -24.36 -31.88 -0.26 -1.90 e 54.36 e - -37.63
CHP plants - - -0.08 -2.68 - - - -0.04 e 0.85 e 0.82 e -1.13
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.05 - 0.03 e -0.03
Blast furnaces -1.01 e - - - - - - - - - -1.01
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.25 e - - - - - - - - - -0.25
Oil refineries - -102.41 105.91 -0.57 - - - - - - 2.94
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.72 - - - - - - -1.15
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.04 - -9.61 -15.27 - - - -0.00 e -4.44 e - -29.37
Losses - - - - - - - - -4.85 - -4.85
TFC 4.42 - 91.14 55.63 - - - 10.08 43.26 0.80 205.33
INDUSTRY 3.33 - 6.36 22.69 - - - 7.56 16.60 0.71 57.26
Iron and steel 1.83 e - - 1.58 - - - 0.00 e 0.79 - 4.21
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.16 2.81 - - - - 1.58 0.22 4.77
Non-ferrous metals 0.34 - 0.01 0.55 - - - - 4.87 - 5.75
Non-metallic minerals 0.01 - 0.03 0.05 - - - 0.09 e 0.18 - 0.37
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery - - - - - - - - - - -
Mining and quarrying 0.20 - 2.35 8.10 - - - - 2.89 - 13.53
Food and tobacco - - - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.79 1.35 - - - 7.47 4.57 0.35 14.52
Wood and wood products - - 0.44 - - - - - - - 0.44
Construction - - 0.98 0.41 - - - - - - 1.39
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.95 - 1.60 7.84 - - - - 1.74 0.14 12.27
TRANSPORT - - 52.52 4.14 - - - 0.66 0.35 - 57.67
Domestic aviation - - 5.41 - - - - - - - 5.41
Road - - 43.36 0.04 - - - 0.66 - - 44.06
Rail - - 1.96 - - - - - - - 1.96
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 4.10 - - - - 0.29 - 4.41
Domestic navigation - - 1.78 - - - - - - - 1.78
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.06 - 0.06
OTHER 0.03 - 13.05 25.45 - - - 1.86 26.31 0.09 66.78
Residential 0.03 - 2.31 14.66 - - - 1.85 13.15 0.00 32.01
Comm. and public services - - 8.20 10.31 - - - 0.00 e 12.35 0.09 30.96
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.53 0.48 - - - 0.00 e 0.80 0.00 3.81
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.01 e - 0.01
NON-ENERGY USE 1.06 - 19.20 3.34 - - - - - - 23.61
in industry/transf./energy 1.06 - 16.24 3.34 - - - - - - 20.64
of which: feedstocks - - 11.81 3.34 - - - - - - 15.15
in transport - - 0.17 - - - - - - - 0.17
in other - - 2.80 - - - - - - - 2.80

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 115.73 - 9.85 40.70 93.49 370.69 3.08 8.46 - - 641.99
Electricity plants 115.73 - 9.84 30.99 93.49 370.69 3.08 8.30 e - - 632.11
CHP plants - - 0.01 9.71 - - - 0.16 e - - 9.88
Heat generated - PJ - - 2.02 31.60 - - - 1.86 - - 35.48
CHP plants - - 2.02 31.60 - - - 0.71 e - - 34.33
Heat plants - - - - - - - 1.15 - - 1.15

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.45

Canada : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 33.64 160.42 - 143.77 24.48 32.89 0.33 11.84 e - - 407.38
Imports 11.93 42.55 15.79 12.83 - - - 0.29 2.17 - 85.55
Exports -19.52 -99.19 -21.86 -84.69 - - - -0.01 -4.96 - -230.23
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.52 - - - - - - - -0.52
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.56 - - - - - - - -0.56
Stock changes 0.22 -0.04 -0.17 5.14 - - - - - - 5.15
TPES 26.27 103.75 -7.33 77.05 24.48 32.89 0.33 12.12 -2.79 - 266.77
Transfers - -2.78 6.27 - - - - - - - 3.49
Statistical differences 2.57 -3.38 0.62 1.23 - - - - 0.08 -0.04 1.08
Electricity plants -23.28 - -2.49 -5.12 -24.48 -32.89 -0.33 -1.90 e 55.42 e - -35.08
CHP plants - - -0.05 -2.50 - - - -0.04 e 0.59 e 0.78 e -1.23
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.05 - 0.03 e -0.03
Blast furnaces -1.00 e - - - - - - - - - -1.00
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.26 - - - - - - - - - -0.26
Oil refineries - -98.17 101.67 -0.57 - - - - - - 2.92
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - 0.57 - -1.71 - - - - - - -1.14
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.07 - -9.09 -15.44 - - - -0.00 -4.33 e - -28.93
Losses - - - - - - - - -4.34 - -4.34
TFC 4.24 - 89.60 52.93 - - - 10.12 44.62 0.76 202.26
INDUSTRY 3.29 - 5.94 20.77 - - - 7.57 16.20 0.67 54.45
Iron and steel 1.82 e - - 1.27 - - - 0.00 0.92 - 4.02
Chemical and petrochem. - - - 2.61 - - - - 1.48 0.20 4.29
Non-ferrous metals 0.32 - 0.00 0.57 - - - - 4.99 - 5.88
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.01 0.05 - - - 0.10 0.18 - 0.35
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery - - - - - - - - - - -
Mining and quarrying 0.33 - 2.41 7.98 - - - - 2.87 - 13.59
Food and tobacco - - - - - - - - - - -
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.48 1.24 - - - 7.47 4.16 0.33 13.67
Wood and wood products - - 0.41 - - - - - - - 0.41
Construction - - 0.95 0.40 - - - - - - 1.35
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.81 - 1.68 6.66 - - - - 1.61 0.14 10.89
TRANSPORT - - 52.50 3.20 - - - 0.69 0.36 - 56.75
Domestic aviation - - 5.36 - - - - - - - 5.36
Road - - 43.37 0.04 - - - 0.69 - - 44.10
Rail - - 2.05 - - - - - - - 2.05
Pipeline transport - - 0.02 3.16 - - - - 0.31 - 3.48
Domestic navigation - - 1.70 - - - - - - - 1.70
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.05 - 0.05
OTHER 0.05 - 12.76 25.85 - - - 1.86 28.05 0.09 68.66
Residential 0.03 - 2.06 14.81 - - - 1.85 13.82 - 32.57
Comm. and public services 0.02 - 8.18 10.55 - - - 0.00 13.40 0.09 32.25
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.52 0.49 - - - 0.00 0.83 0.00 3.84
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.89 - 18.40 3.11 - - - - - - 22.40
in industry/transf./energy 0.89 - 15.31 3.11 - - - - - - 19.32
of which: feedstocks - - 10.95 3.11 - - - - - - 14.07
in transport - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13
in other - - 2.96 - - - - - - - 2.96

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 111.97 - 9.85 40.64 93.95 382.47 3.89 8.46 - - 651.21
Electricity plants 111.97 - 9.84 33.98 93.95 382.47 3.89 8.30 e - - 644.39
CHP plants - - 0.01 6.66 - - - 0.16 e - - 6.82
Heat generated - PJ - - 1.00 30.85 - - - 1.86 - - 33.70
CHP plants - - 1.00 30.85 - - - 0.71 e - - 32.55
Heat plants - - - - - - - 1.15 - - 1.15

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.46 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Canada

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 30.72 155.40 - 130.96 23.57 31.55 0.33 10.45 - - 382.98
Imports 7.36 40.81 13.38 15.33 - - - 0.13 1.56 - 78.58
Exports -17.26 -99.52 -21.08 -77.96 - - - -0.02 -4.62 - -220.46
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.53 - - - - - - - -0.53
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.55 - - - - - - - -0.55
Stock changes 0.28 -0.27 0.62 9.39 - - - - - - 10.03
TPES 21.11 96.42 -8.15 77.71 23.57 31.55 0.33 10.56 -3.06 - 250.05
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 105.69 - 9.29 38.36 90.43 366.91 3.85 7.98 - - 622.52
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.94 29.12 - - - 1.75 - - 31.81

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 57.1 155.8 207.4 273.8 372.6 415.9 407.4 383.0
Net imports (Mtoe) 20.4 -12.3 -11.9 -59.3 -127.6 -150.8 -144.7 -141.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 76.1 141.4 192.6 208.7 251.4 272.1 266.8 250.1
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 16.2 1.8 8.4 -14.9 -39.0 -63.0 -62.7 -66.4
Oil supply (Mtoe) 42.0 71.9 88.5 76.5 87.1 99.2 96.4 88.3
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 100.8 201.3 313.9 447.7 522.8 554.7 568.3 536.6

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 168.9 e 288.3 412.0 543.6 724.9 866.8 870.4 858.1
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 203.7 e 347.7 496.7 655.5 874.1 1045.2 1049.5 1034.6
Population (millions) 17.89 e 21.96 24.52 27.69 30.69 32.93 33.33 33.53
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. 41.80 55.60 68.30 98.90 98.90 93.70 83.10

Total self-sufficiency** 0.7498 1.1025 1.0769 1.3122 1.4819 1.5286 1.5271 1.5316
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.4564 0.5960 0.9663 1.5623 1.0867 1.2977 e 1.2807 1.4558
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.6334 1.0069 0.9449 1.2305 1.4745 1.6331 1.6638 1.7605
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.3103 1.6447 1.3967 1.6181 1.9979 1.8780 1.8659 1.6851

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.4507 e 0.4902 0.4675 0.3839 0.3469 0.3139 0.3065 0.2914
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3738 e 0.4066 0.3877 0.3183 0.2877 0.2603 0.2542 0.2417
TPES/population (toe per capita) 4.2550 e 6.4360 7.8561 7.5360 8.1940 8.2625 8.0047 7.4579

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0956 e 0.0062 0.0205 -0.0273 -0.0539 -0.0727 -0.0720 -0.0774
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2485 e 0.2494 0.2149 0.1407 0.1201 0.1144 0.1108 0.1029
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 2.3461 e 3.2743 3.6108 2.7631 2.8384 3.0113 2.8932 2.6327

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.5970 e 0.6982 0.7620 0.8235 0.7212 0.6400 0.6530 0.6253
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 5636 e 9167 12804 16168 17037 16845 17053 16003

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 131.65 139.72 113.65 94.14 99.97 99.91 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 137.72 139.12 95.69 79.00 87.18 86.50 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.47

Canada
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
450 300 100%

400 90%
250
350 80%

70%
300 200
60%
250
Mtoe

Mtoe
150 50%
200
40%
150 100
30%
100
20%
50
50 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
250% 80

70
200%
60

50
150%
Mtoe

40

100% 30

20
50%
10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


700 200
180
600
160
500 140
120
400
1971=100
TWh

100
300 80

200 60
40
100
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.48 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Czech Republic : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 23.80 0.39 - 0.16 6.84 0.18 0.01 2.34 - 0.02 33.75
Imports 2.30 7.31 3.31 7.03 - - - 0.03 0.88 - 20.86
Exports -5.46 -0.02 -1.01 -0.33 - - - -0.25 -2.27 -0.00 -9.34
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.34 - - - - - - - -0.34
Stock changes 0.62 -0.02 -0.06 0.31 - - - -0.01 - - 0.85
TPES 21.26 7.67 1.89 7.18 6.84 0.18 0.01 2.11 -1.39 0.01 45.78
Transfers - 0.06 -0.04 - - - - - - - 0.03
Statistical differences -0.71 0.00 0.00 -0.12 - - - 0.00 - - -0.83
Electricity plants -9.79 - -0.01 -0.01 -6.82 -0.18 -0.01 -0.11 5.88 -0.00 -11.05
CHP plants -5.49 - -0.06 -0.72 -0.02 - - -0.19 1.67 2.27 -2.54
Heat plants -0.10 - -0.06 -0.51 - - - -0.06 .. 0.61 -0.12
Blast furnaces -1.03 - - - - - - - - - -1.03
Gas works -0.46 - - 0.31 - - - - - - -0.15
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.10 - - - - - - - - - -0.10
Oil refineries - -7.79 7.86 - - - - - - - 0.08
Petrochemical plants - 0.06 -0.05 - - - - - - - 0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.42 - -0.29 -0.12 - - - - -0.81 -0.37 -2.01
Losses -0.13 - - -0.09 - - - - -0.42 -0.43 -1.07
TFC 3.03 - 9.26 5.92 - - 0.00 1.75 4.92 2.09 26.98
INDUSTRY 2.15 - 0.47 2.52 - - - 0.52 2.08 0.71 8.43
Iron and steel 1.14 - 0.05 0.28 - - - 0.00 0.27 0.06 1.81
Chemical and petrochem. 0.56 - 0.05 0.28 - - - 0.01 0.33 0.20 1.42
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - - 0.06 - - - - 0.03 0.00 0.09
Non-metallic minerals 0.22 - 0.05 0.63 - - - 0.10 0.23 0.03 1.26
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.00 0.13 - - - 0.00 0.17 0.07 0.38
Machinery 0.06 - 0.01 0.29 - - - 0.00 0.33 0.11 0.81
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 - - - - 0.02 0.00 0.05
Food and tobacco 0.04 - 0.02 0.37 - - - 0.00 0.14 0.12 0.69
Paper, pulp and printing 0.08 - 0.02 0.09 - - - 0.27 0.16 0.04 0.66
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.20
Construction 0.00 - 0.06 0.06 - - - 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.20
Textile and leather 0.03 - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.21
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.18 0.22 - - - 0.01 0.23 0.00 0.65
TRANSPORT 0.00 - 6.05 0.06 - - - 0.03 0.20 - 6.34
Domestic aviation - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Road - - 5.91 0.00 - - - 0.03 - - 5.94
Rail 0.00 - 0.10 - - - - - 0.11 - 0.21
Pipeline transport - - - 0.05 - - - - 0.00 - 0.06
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.09 - 0.09
OTHER 0.55 - 0.39 3.35 - - 0.00 1.21 2.65 1.39 9.52
Residential 0.49 - 0.03 2.04 - - 0.00 1.11 1.26 0.92 5.85
Comm. and public services 0.05 - 0.01 1.21 - - 0.00 0.07 1.14 0.45 2.94
Agriculture/forestry 0.01 - 0.32 0.07 - - - 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.52
Fishing - - - - - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
Non-specified - - 0.02 0.03 - - - - 0.16 0.00 0.22
NON-ENERGY USE 0.33 - 2.36 - - - - - - - 2.69
in industry/transf./energy 0.33 - 2.18 - - - - - - - 2.52
of which: feedstocks - - 1.60 - - - - - - - 1.60
in transport - - 0.17 - - - - - - - 0.17
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 54.88 - 0.12 3.18 26.17 2.09 0.13 1.20 - 0.00 87.76
Electricity plants 39.47 - 0.03 0.05 26.17 2.09 0.13 0.44 - - 68.37
CHP plants 15.42 - 0.09 3.13 - - - 0.76 - 0.00 19.39
Heat generated - PJ 85.62 - 2.99 26.45 1.00 - 0.15 4.51 - 0.64 121.38
CHP plants 82.41 - 1.11 8.10 1.00 - 0.15 2.48 - 0.54 95.79
Heat plants 3.21 - 1.88 18.36 - - - 2.03 - 0.10 25.59

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.49

Czech Republic : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 22.79 0.31 - 0.16 6.94 0.17 0.03 2.40 - 0.02 32.82
Imports 2.04 8.24 2.74 7.81 - - - 0.10 0.73 - 21.66
Exports -5.13 -0.02 -1.33 -0.79 - - - -0.30 -1.72 -0.00 -9.29
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.33 - - - - - - - -0.33
Stock changes -0.03 -0.09 -0.03 -0.06 - - - -0.00 - - -0.22
TPES 19.66 8.44 1.05 7.12 6.94 0.17 0.03 2.20 -0.99 0.02 44.63
Transfers - 0.15 -0.12 - - - - - - - 0.03
Statistical differences -0.26 0.00 - -0.03 - - - 0.00 - - -0.29
Electricity plants -8.41 - -0.01 -0.01 -6.92 -0.17 -0.02 -0.14 5.38 -0.00 -10.31
CHP plants -5.89 - -0.07 -0.65 -0.02 - - -0.22 1.77 2.28 -2.79
Heat plants -0.10 - -0.06 -0.51 - - - -0.08 .. 0.61 -0.14
Blast furnaces -0.96 - - - - - - - - - -0.96
Gas works -0.53 - - 0.35 - - - - - - -0.18
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.08 - - - - - - - - - -0.08
Oil refineries - -8.66 8.72 - - - - - - - 0.07
Petrochemical plants - 0.08 -0.07 - - - - - - - 0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.35 - -0.30 -0.12 - - - - -0.77 -0.42 -1.97
Losses -0.09 - - -0.08 - - - - -0.40 -0.44 -1.01
TFC 2.98 - 9.14 6.08 - - 0.00 1.76 4.99 2.05 27.00
INDUSTRY 2.09 - 0.42 2.38 - - - 0.52 2.05 0.64 8.10
Iron and steel 1.12 - 0.03 0.28 - - - 0.00 0.26 0.05 1.75
Chemical and petrochem. 0.57 - 0.05 0.19 - - - 0.01 0.30 0.20 1.32
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - - 0.04 - - - - 0.03 0.00 0.07
Non-metallic minerals 0.21 - 0.03 0.65 - - - 0.12 0.23 0.01 1.25
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.00 0.14 - - - - 0.20 0.06 0.41
Machinery 0.05 - 0.01 0.27 - - - 0.00 0.32 0.11 0.76
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.01 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.06
Food and tobacco 0.04 - 0.03 0.28 - - - 0.00 0.14 0.11 0.60
Paper, pulp and printing 0.06 - 0.02 0.10 - - - 0.24 0.15 0.04 0.61
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.13 0.05 0.01 0.22
Construction 0.00 - 0.06 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.21
Textile and leather 0.02 - 0.00 0.06 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.18
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.16 0.24 - - - 0.01 0.25 0.00 0.67
TRANSPORT 0.01 - 5.83 0.07 - - - 0.11 0.18 - 6.20
Domestic aviation - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07
Road - - 5.65 0.01 - - - 0.11 - - 5.77
Rail 0.01 - 0.11 - - - - - 0.09 - 0.21
Pipeline transport - - - 0.06 - - - - 0.00 - 0.07
Domestic navigation - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.09 - 0.09
OTHER 0.55 - 0.40 3.53 - - 0.00 1.13 2.76 1.41 9.78
Residential 0.46 - 0.02 2.05 - - 0.00 1.05 1.26 0.95 5.80
Comm. and public services 0.07 - 0.02 1.33 - - 0.00 0.05 1.20 0.45 3.13
Agriculture/forestry 0.01 - 0.34 0.05 - - - 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.51
Fishing - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Non-specified - - 0.03 0.10 - - - - 0.21 0.00 0.34
NON-ENERGY USE 0.34 - 2.49 0.10 - - - - - - 2.93
in industry/transf./energy 0.34 - 2.36 0.10 - - - - - - 2.79
of which: feedstocks - - 1.79 0.10 - - - - - - 1.88
in transport - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 49.82 - 0.13 2.92 26.55 2.02 0.26 1.46 - 0.00 83.17
Electricity plants 33.06 - 0.03 0.05 26.55 2.02 0.26 0.58 - - 62.56
CHP plants 16.76 - 0.10 2.87 - - - 0.88 - 0.00 20.61
Heat generated - PJ 89.02 - 3.20 22.89 0.97 - 0.20 5.01 - 1.00 122.28
CHP plants 85.82 - 1.18 4.93 0.97 - 0.20 2.58 - 0.90 96.58
Heat plants 3.20 - 2.02 17.96 - - - 2.43 - 0.10 25.71

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.50 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Czech Republic

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 21.01 0.28 - 0.14 7.11 0.21 0.04 2.68 - 0.02 31.49
Imports 1.65 7.30 3.04 7.93 - - - 0.11 0.74 - 20.77
Exports -4.50 -0.02 -1.11 -0.91 - - - -0.27 -1.91 - -8.72
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.29 - - - - - - - -0.29
Stock changes 0.62 -0.01 -0.00 -0.44 - - - 0.00 - - 0.17
TPES 18.79 7.55 1.64 6.72 7.11 0.21 0.04 2.52 -1.17 0.02 43.43
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 46.70 - 0.15 3.03 27.21 2.43 0.38 1.80 - 0.00 81.70
Heat generated - PJ 88.46 - 3.17 22.56 0.99 - 0.18 5.22 - 1.01 121.59

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 40.0 41.2 40.1 29.9 33.8 32.8 31.5
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 5.7 6.4 7.6 9.4 11.5 12.4 12.1
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 45.4 47.0 48.8 40.3 45.8 44.6 43.4
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 7.4 10.9 8.6 7.5 9.6 9.6 9.2
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 7.2 10.8 8.7 7.7 9.6 9.5 9.2
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 33.7 47.3 57.9 58.5 67.1 67.4 63.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 27.8 e 38.3 e 48.7 e 55.3 56.7 77.3 79.2 76.4
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 75.6 e 104.1 e 132.2 e 150.2 154.0 209.8 215.0 207.6
Population (millions) 9.58 e 9.83 10.33 10.36 10.27 10.32 10.43 10.42
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. 89.90 74.90 119.80 117.70 101.80

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.8802 0.8778 0.8225 0.7435 0.7373 0.7353 0.7252


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 1.0562 1.2100 1.1543 1.1607 1.1194 1.1592 1.1183
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.0049 0.0218 0.0236 0.0491 0.0412 0.0323 0.0300
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.4702 0.1212 0.0382 0.0226 0.0228 0.0225 0.0214

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 1.1842 0.9646 e 0.8817 0.7097 0.5926 0.5639 0.5682
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.4360 0.3552 e 0.3247 0.2613 0.2182 0.2076 0.2092
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 4.6164 4.5460 4.7047 3.9183 4.4346 4.2792 4.1684

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1918 0.2237 e 0.1552 0.1324 0.1241 0.1217 0.1205
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1866 0.2226 e 0.1577 0.1359 0.1237 0.1198 0.1202
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 0.7274 1.0492 0.8415 0.7502 0.9259 0.9092 0.8816

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.8780 0.9708 e 1.0466 1.0313 0.8690 0.8514 0.8365
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 3423 4575 5584 5694 6503 6461 6137

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 168.97 128.60 79.62 80.63 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 161.44 113.29 72.53 77.39 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.51

Czech Republic
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
50 60 100%

45 90%
50
40 80%

35 70%
40
30 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
25 30 50%
20 40%
20
15 30%
10 20%
10
5 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
140% 20

18
120%
16
100% 14

12
80%
Mtoe

10
60% 8

40% 6

4
20%
2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


100 250
90
80 200
70
60 150
1971=100
TWh

50
40 100
30
20 50

10
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.52 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Denmark : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 15.58 - 8.27 - 0.00 0.64 2.56 - 0.00 27.04
Imports 4.78 2.11 5.90 - - - - 0.43 0.90 0.00 14.12
Exports -0.11 -9.77 -4.54 -4.05 - - - -0.06 -0.98 - -19.51
Intl. marine bunkers - - -1.09 - - - - - - - -1.09
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.89 - - - - - - - -0.89
Stock changes -0.02 -0.05 0.21 -0.16 - - - - - - -0.01
TPES 4.65 7.86 -0.41 4.06 - 0.00 0.64 2.92 -0.08 0.00 19.66
Transfers - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences 0.01 0.15 0.05 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.00 - 0.23
Electricity plants - - -0.01 - - -0.00 -0.62 -0.00 0.62 - -0.01
CHP plants -4.40 - -0.30 -1.59 - - - -1.37 2.75 2.33 -2.59
Heat plants -0.00 - -0.03 -0.14 - - -0.01 -0.37 -0.00 0.58 0.03
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - -0.00 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -8.01 7.80 - - - - - - - -0.21
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.34 -0.67 - - - - -0.25 -0.04 -1.30
Losses - - - -0.00 - - - - -0.14 -0.58 -0.73
TFC 0.26 - 6.77 1.68 - - 0.01 1.18 2.89 2.30 15.09
INDUSTRY 0.22 - 0.75 0.75 - - - 0.14 0.87 0.13 2.87
Iron and steel - - 0.00 0.03 - - - - 0.03 0.01 0.07
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.02 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.23
Non-ferrous metals - - - 0.00 - - - - 0.01 0.00 0.01
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 - 0.27 0.11 - - - 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.65
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04
Machinery - - 0.05 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.14 0.02 0.30
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.05 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.09
Food and tobacco 0.05 - 0.15 0.27 - - - 0.02 0.21 0.03 0.73
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.15
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.11
Construction - - 0.16 0.01 - - - - 0.03 - 0.20
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03
Non-specified - - 0.02 0.05 - - - 0.04 0.13 0.02 0.25
TRANSPORT - - 4.62 - - - - 0.01 0.03 - 4.66
Domestic aviation - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
Road - - 4.35 - - - - 0.01 - - 4.36
Rail - - 0.07 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.10
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.11 - - - - - - - 0.11
Non-specified - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
OTHER 0.05 - 1.08 0.93 - - 0.01 1.04 1.99 2.17 7.26
Residential - - 0.52 0.64 - - 0.01 0.92 0.89 1.45 4.42
Comm. and public services - - 0.08 0.23 - - 0.00 0.06 0.94 0.67 1.97
Agriculture/forestry 0.05 - 0.33 0.05 - - - 0.06 0.16 0.05 0.69
Fishing - - 0.16 - - - - - - - 0.16
Non-specified - - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.01
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.31 - - - - - - - 0.31
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.26 - - - - - - - 0.26
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 19.90 - 1.28 6.91 - 0.03 7.17 3.87 - - 39.16
Electricity plants - - 0.03 - - 0.03 7.17 0.00 - - 7.23
CHP plants 19.90 - 1.25 6.91 - - - 3.86 - - 31.93
Heat generated - PJ 32.94 - 4.66 34.61 - - 3.57 46.06 - 0.09 121.93
CHP plants 32.84 - 3.62 28.74 - - - 32.24 - - 97.44
Heat plants 0.10 - 1.04 5.87 - - 3.57 13.82 - 0.09 24.49

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.53

Denmark : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 14.41 - 9.02 - 0.00 0.63 2.53 - 0.00 26.59
Imports 4.44 2.55 6.94 - - - - 0.52 1.10 0.00 15.55
Exports -0.09 -9.38 -4.76 -4.93 - - - -0.08 -0.98 - -20.22
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.96 - - - - - - - -0.96
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.88 - - - - - - - -0.88
Stock changes -0.34 -0.04 -0.68 -0.01 - - - - - - -1.07
TPES 4.01 7.55 -0.35 4.08 - 0.00 0.63 2.97 0.13 0.00 19.01
Transfers - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Statistical differences 0.09 0.45 0.05 0.04 - - - 0.00 -0.00 -0.00 0.62
Electricity plants - - -0.02 - - -0.00 -0.60 -0.00 0.60 - -0.01
CHP plants -3.88 - -0.25 -1.61 - - - -1.35 2.53 2.36 -2.21
Heat plants -0.00 - -0.03 -0.14 - - -0.02 -0.40 -0.00 0.60 0.00
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - -0.00 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -7.99 7.49 - - - - - - - -0.50
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.32 -0.67 - - - - -0.18 -0.03 -1.20
Losses - - - -0.00 - - - - -0.20 -0.59 -0.79
TFC 0.22 - 6.58 1.68 - - 0.01 1.21 2.87 2.34 14.92
INDUSTRY 0.18 - 0.68 0.76 - - - 0.17 0.83 0.14 2.76
Iron and steel - - 0.00 0.04 - - - - 0.03 0.01 0.07
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.02 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.23
Non-ferrous metals - - - 0.00 - - - - 0.01 0.00 0.01
Non-metallic minerals 0.13 - 0.21 0.12 - - - 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.57
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.04
Machinery - - 0.05 0.08 - - - 0.01 0.13 0.02 0.29
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.05 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.09
Food and tobacco 0.04 - 0.14 0.27 - - - 0.02 0.20 0.04 0.71
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.14
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.07 0.03 0.00 0.11
Construction - - 0.16 0.01 - - - - 0.04 - 0.21
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03
Non-specified - - 0.02 0.05 - - - 0.04 0.12 0.02 0.25
TRANSPORT - - 4.56 - - - - 0.01 0.03 - 4.60
Domestic aviation - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Road - - 4.27 - - - - 0.01 - - 4.28
Rail - - 0.08 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.11
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.14 - - - - - - - 0.14
Non-specified - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
OTHER 0.04 - 1.07 0.92 - - 0.01 1.04 2.00 2.20 7.29
Residential - - 0.47 0.64 - - 0.01 0.93 0.89 1.47 4.40
Comm. and public services - - 0.09 0.23 - - 0.00 0.05 0.95 0.68 2.00
Agriculture/forestry 0.04 - 0.36 0.05 - - - 0.07 0.17 0.05 0.72
Fishing - - 0.15 - - - - - - - 0.15
Non-specified - - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.01
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.27 - - - - - - - 0.27
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.22 - - - - - - - 0.22
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 17.46 - 1.13 6.93 - 0.03 6.93 3.92 - - 36.39
Electricity plants - - 0.04 - - 0.03 6.93 0.00 - - 7.00
CHP plants 17.46 - 1.09 6.93 - - - 3.92 - - 29.39
Heat generated - PJ 33.07 - 4.33 35.99 - - 3.20 47.06 - 0.06 123.70
CHP plants 32.98 - 3.35 30.16 - - - 32.14 - - 98.63
Heat plants 0.09 - 0.97 5.83 - - 3.20 14.92 - 0.06 25.07

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.54 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Denmark

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 13.24 - 7.53 - 0.00 0.61 2.53 - 0.00 23.91
Imports 3.93 3.61 5.14 - - - - 0.53 0.96 0.00 14.18
Exports -0.04 -9.10 -4.64 -3.58 - - - -0.08 -0.94 - -18.37
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.53 - - - - - - - -0.53
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.12 - - - - - - - -1.12
Stock changes 0.08 -0.03 -0.23 -0.05 - - - - - - -0.22
TPES 3.97 7.71 -1.37 3.90 - 0.00 0.61 2.98 0.03 0.00 17.84
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 17.45 - 1.14 6.93 - 0.02 6.72 3.95 - - 36.21
Heat generated - PJ 33.06 - 4.33 36.71 - - 3.19 46.35 - 0.07 123.70

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 1.0 0.3 1.0 10.1 27.7 27.0 26.6 23.9
Net imports (Mtoe) 8.6 19.9 19.2 8.6 -7.5 -5.4 -4.7 -4.2
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 8.8 18.5 19.1 17.3 18.6 19.7 19.0 17.8
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 5.2 18.7 13.2 2.7 -8.5 -6.3 -4.7 -5.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 4.7 16.9 12.7 7.6 8.0 7.5 7.2 6.3
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 5.0 15.2 23.6 30.6 34.6 36.5 35.5 34.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 52.2 e 83.2 101.0 123.9 160.1 179.2 177.6 172.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 50.1 e 80.0 97.1 119.1 153.9 172.2 170.7 166.0
Population (millions) 4.59 e 4.96 5.12 5.14 5.34 5.46 5.49 5.50
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 54.60 71.90 96.50 102.20 101.70 85.40

Total self-sufficiency** 0.1130 0.0178 0.0498 0.5813 1.4925 1.3758 1.3987 1.3402
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.2415 .. - - - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. 0.0239 0.8016 2.2927 2.0899 2.0029 2.0880
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. 1.0000 1.5239 1.6659 2.0355 2.2118 1.9289

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1688 e 0.2224 0.1895 0.1400 0.1161 0.1097 0.1070 0.1033
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1756 e 0.2313 0.1971 0.1456 0.1208 0.1141 0.1114 0.1075
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.9186 e 3.7286 3.7344 3.3739 3.4812 3.6001 3.4615 3.2418

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0993 e 0.2244 0.1311 0.0220 -0.0530 -0.0352 -0.0262 -0.0289
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0898 e 0.2030 0.1259 0.0616 0.0498 0.0416 0.0405 0.0367
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 1.0206 e 3.4048 2.4817 1.4838 1.4921 1.3653 1.3104 1.1521

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.0957 e 0.1825 0.2333 0.2467 0.2162 0.2039 0.1998 0.1980
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1087 e 3059 4598 5945 6484 6689 6462 6212

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 210.54 132.54 106.47 98.83 94.69 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 461.00 163.95 103.58 99.48 88.46 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.55

Denmark
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
35 25 100%

90%
30
20 80%
25 70%

15 60%
20
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
15
10 40%

10 30%
5 20%
5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
300% 9

8
250%
7

200% 6

5
Mtoe

150%
4

100% 3

2
50%
1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


60 250

50
200

40
150
1971=100
TWh

30
100
20

50
10

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.56 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Finland : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.09 0.09 - - 6.10 1.22 0.02 7.57 - 0.05 16.14
Imports 4.57 12.35 4.74 3.72 - - - 0.00 1.33 - 26.70
Exports -0.02 - -6.37 - - - - -0.08 -0.25 - -6.71
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.45 - - - - - - - -0.45
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.54 - - - - - - - -0.54
Stock changes 1.55 -0.00 -0.07 - - - - - - - 1.49
TPES 7.20 12.43 -2.69 3.72 6.10 1.22 0.02 7.50 1.08 0.05 36.63
Transfers - 2.07 -2.02 - - - - - - - 0.05
Statistical differences -0.17 -0.11 -0.19 -0.00 - - - - - - -0.47
Electricity plants -2.76 - -0.04 -0.11 -6.10 -1.22 -0.02 -0.27 4.60 -0.04 -5.96
CHP plants -2.60 - -0.13 -1.87 - - - -2.28 2.39 3.40 -1.09
Heat plants -0.20 - -0.29 -0.30 - - - -0.26 -0.00 1.14 0.10
Blast furnaces -0.38 e - -0.27 - - - - - - - -0.66
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.10 - - - - - - - - - -0.10
Oil refineries - -14.57 14.89 - - - - - - - 0.32
Petrochemical plants - 0.17 -0.19 - - - - - - - -0.02
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.00 - -0.58 -0.31 - - - - -0.38 -0.00 e -1.28
Losses -0.03 - - - - - - - -0.26 -0.25 -0.54
TFC 0.97 - 8.48 1.13 - - 0.00 4.69 7.42 4.29 26.98
INDUSTRY 0.94 - 1.24 0.84 - - - 3.35 4.04 1.92 12.33
Iron and steel 0.52 e - 0.10 0.05 - - - - 0.30 0.05 e 1.02
Chemical and petrochem. 0.02 - 0.30 0.05 - - - 0.01 0.44 0.18 0.99
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.17 0.08 0.28
Non-metallic minerals 0.12 - 0.11 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.41
Transport equipment - - 0.02 0.00 - - - - 0.03 0.02 0.08
Machinery - - 0.02 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.19 0.09 0.32
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.07 0.01 0.08
Food and tobacco 0.01 - 0.04 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.13 0.15 0.37
Paper, pulp and printing 0.26 - 0.24 0.59 - - - 3.22 2.28 0.93 7.52
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.09 0.16 0.32 0.60
Construction - - 0.32 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.35
Textile and leather - - 0.02 0.01 - - - - 0.02 0.01 0.05
Non-specified - - 0.03 0.02 - - - 0.02 0.15 0.05 0.27
TRANSPORT - - 4.54 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.06 - 4.62
Domestic aviation - - 0.15 - - - - - - - 0.15
Road - - 4.13 0.00 - - - 0.00 - - 4.13
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.06 - 0.09
Pipeline transport - - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.01
Domestic navigation - - 0.22 - - - - - - - 0.22
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
OTHER 0.03 - 1.49 0.08 - - 0.00 1.34 3.32 2.37 8.63
Residential 0.01 - 0.62 0.04 - - 0.00 1.15 1.85 1.48 5.15
Comm. and public services 0.00 - 0.30 0.03 - - - 0.07 1.39 - 1.79
Agriculture/forestry 0.02 - 0.53 0.01 - - - 0.12 0.08 - 0.76
Fishing - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Non-specified - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.89 0.89
NON-ENERGY USE - - 1.21 0.21 - - - - - - 1.41
in industry/transf./energy - - 1.21 0.21 - - - - - - 1.41
of which: feedstocks - - 0.65 0.21 - - - - - - 0.85
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 21.95 - 0.47 10.56 23.42 14.18 0.34 10.10 - 0.24 81.25
Electricity plants 13.50 - 0.16 0.55 23.42 14.18 0.29 1.16 - 0.06 53.33
CHP plants 8.44 - 0.31 10.01 - - 0.05 8.94 - 0.18 27.92
Heat generated - PJ 69.20 - 14.07 43.69 - - 9.26 53.65 0.10 2.15 192.13
CHP plants 61.96 - 3.05 32.49 - - 0.31 44.39 - 0.79 142.97
Heat plants 7.25 - 11.03 11.20 - - 8.96 9.26 0.10 1.36 49.16

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.57

Finland : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.16 0.08 - - 5.98 1.47 0.02 7.72 - 0.12 16.56
Imports 3.94 12.01 5.64 3.85 - - - 0.07 1.39 - 26.90
Exports -0.01 - -6.72 - - - - -0.09 -0.29 - -7.11
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.40 - - - - - - - -0.40
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.58 - - - - - - - -0.58
Stock changes 0.30 -0.20 -0.22 - - - - - - - -0.12
TPES 5.40 11.89 -2.28 3.85 5.98 1.47 0.02 7.70 1.10 0.12 35.26
Transfers - 2.62 -2.62 - - - - - - - -0.00
Statistical differences 0.00 0.26 -0.96 -0.00 - - - - - - -0.70
Electricity plants -1.52 - -0.04 -0.08 -5.98 -1.47 -0.02 -0.39 4.31 -0.06 -5.26
CHP plants -2.26 - -0.09 -1.99 - - - -2.28 2.35 3.31 -0.97
Heat plants -0.18 - -0.24 -0.30 - - - -0.31 -0.01 1.09 0.06
Blast furnaces -0.35 e - -0.28 - - - - - - - -0.64
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.11 - - - - - - - - - -0.11
Oil refineries - -14.95 15.39 - - - - - - - 0.44
Petrochemical plants - 0.18 -0.20 - - - - - - - -0.02
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.59 -0.38 - - - - -0.36 -0.00 -1.33
Losses -0.03 - - - - - - - -0.29 -0.26 -0.58
TFC 0.95 - 8.10 1.10 - - 0.00 4.72 7.10 4.19 26.16
INDUSTRY 0.91 - 1.23 0.75 - - - 3.33 3.72 1.89 11.84
Iron and steel 0.51 e - 0.11 0.05 - - - - 0.28 0.05 1.00
Chemical and petrochem. 0.02 - 0.35 0.04 - - - 0.01 0.41 0.18 1.01
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.16 0.08 0.27
Non-metallic minerals 0.13 - 0.10 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.41
Transport equipment - - 0.02 0.00 - - - - 0.03 0.02 0.07
Machinery - - 0.01 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.20 0.09 0.32
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.07 0.01 0.09
Food and tobacco 0.01 - 0.03 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.13 0.14 0.34
Paper, pulp and printing 0.24 - 0.21 0.54 - - - 3.09 2.03 0.92 7.02
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.08 0.14 0.31 0.55
Construction - - 0.34 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.36
Textile and leather - - 0.02 0.01 - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.05
Non-specified - - 0.02 - - - - 0.15 0.14 0.06 0.36
TRANSPORT - - 4.23 0.01 - - - 0.08 0.06 - 4.39
Domestic aviation - - 0.15 - - - - - - - 0.15
Road - - 3.85 0.00 - - - 0.08 - - 3.93
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.06 - 0.09
Pipeline transport - - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.01
Domestic navigation - - 0.20 - - - - - - - 0.20
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
OTHER 0.03 - 1.43 0.07 - - 0.00 1.31 3.32 2.31 8.47
Residential 0.01 - 0.57 0.04 - - 0.00 1.13 1.82 1.43 4.99
Comm. and public services 0.00 - 0.25 0.03 - - - 0.07 1.42 - 1.76
Agriculture/forestry 0.02 - 0.57 0.01 - - - 0.12 0.08 - 0.79
Fishing - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Non-specified - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.88 0.88
NON-ENERGY USE - - 1.20 0.26 - - - - - - 1.46
in industry/transf./energy - - 1.20 0.26 - - - - - - 1.46
of which: feedstocks - - 0.66 0.26 - - - - - - 0.92
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 14.31 - 0.43 11.25 22.96 17.11 0.41 10.61 - 0.36 77.44
Electricity plants 7.04 - 0.16 0.39 22.96 17.11 0.36 1.74 - 0.10 49.87
CHP plants 7.27 - 0.26 10.86 - - 0.05 8.88 - 0.26 27.57
Heat generated - PJ 61.15 - 10.99 45.42 - - 8.32 57.85 0.10 5.22 189.04
CHP plants 54.62 - 2.39 34.19 - - 0.42 46.80 - 2.01 140.43
Heat plants 6.53 - 8.60 11.23 - - 7.91 11.04 0.10 3.21 48.60

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.58 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Finland

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.07 0.10 - - 6.13 1.09 0.03 6.92 - 0.12 16.45
Imports 3.86 11.63 4.72 3.48 - - - 0.10 1.33 - 25.13
Exports -0.01 -0.12 -6.42 - - - - -0.05 -0.29 - -6.89
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.31 - - - - - - - -0.31
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.55 - - - - - - - -0.55
Stock changes -0.52 0.24 -0.55 - - - - - - - -0.83
TPES 5.40 11.86 -3.11 3.48 6.13 1.09 0.03 6.96 1.04 0.12 33.00
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 15.61 - 0.53 9.57 23.51 12.72 0.46 8.86 - 0.32 71.57
Heat generated - PJ 59.81 - 12.10 45.04 - - 8.00 56.99 0.10 5.30 187.34

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 5.3 5.0 6.9 12.1 15.1 16.1 16.6 16.5
Net imports (Mtoe) 4.7 14.4 18.3 17.8 18.2 20.0 19.8 18.2
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 9.7 18.2 24.6 28.4 32.1 36.6 35.3 33.0
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 2.7 11.9 13.7 10.3 10.2 10.7 10.9 9.8
Oil supply (Mtoe) 2.5 10.9 12.6 9.5 8.8 9.7 9.6 8.8
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 8.3 22.6 39.7 62.3 79.1 90.8 86.9 80.3

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 31.7 e 51.9 73.5 99.3 121.7 151.8 153.6 143.0
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 34.6 e 56.6 80.1 108.3 132.8 165.6 167.6 156.0
Population (millions) 4.43 e 4.61 4.78 4.99 5.18 5.29 5.31 5.33
Industrial production index (2005=100) 13.80 29.80 44.50 58.90 91.20 114.60 115.50 91.40

Total self-sufficiency** 0.5438 0.2743 0.2810 0.4257 0.4694 0.4405 0.4697 0.4985
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.0141 0.0126 0.1466 0.3406 0.2370 0.1512 0.2145 0.3832
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - 0.0068 0.0087 0.0085 0.0113
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3068 e 0.3501 0.3349 0.2858 0.2638 0.2413 0.2295 0.2308
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2812 e 0.3209 0.3070 0.2620 0.2418 0.2212 0.2103 0.2115
TPES/population (toe per capita) 2.1968 e 3.9393 5.1461 5.6921 6.2035 6.9256 6.6357 6.1893

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0841 e 0.2284 0.1862 0.1042 0.0842 0.0706 0.0711 0.0687
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0788 e 0.2101 0.1715 0.0953 0.0720 0.0642 0.0626 0.0612
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.5644 e 2.3641 2.6354 1.8974 1.6936 1.8422 1.8091 1.6408

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2616 e 0.4345 0.5398 0.6270 0.6501 0.5979 0.5654 0.5617
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1873 e 4890 8295 12487 15287 17160 16351 15063

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 144.81 145.09 128.40 140.75 105.91 94.88 91.12 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 234.73 469.43 337.53 175.65 83.41 85.93 84.77 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.59

Finland
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
20 40 100%

18 90%
35
16 80%
30
14 70%
25
12 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
10 20 50%
8 40%
15
6 30%
10
4 20%
5
2 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
60% 14

12
50%

10
40%
8
Mtoe

30%
6

20%
4

10% 2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


100 400
90
350
80
300
70
250
60
1971=100
TWh

50 200
40 150
30
100
20
50
10
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.60 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

France : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.26 1.24 - 0.92 114.60 5.00 0.54 12.24 - - 134.79
Imports 13.26 81.18 36.21 37.90 - - - 0.32 0.93 - 169.80
Exports -0.67 -0.01 -26.29 -0.78 - - - -0.01 -5.81 - -33.58
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.89 - - - - - - - -2.89
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -5.90 - - - - - - - -5.90
Stock changes 0.79 0.21 0.22 0.44 - - - 0.01 - - 1.67
TPES 13.64 82.62 1.34 38.48 114.60 5.00 0.54 12.56 -4.89 - 263.89
Transfers - 2.50 -2.28 - - - - - - - 0.22
Statistical differences 0.54 0.00 -0.52 -0.01 - - - 0.00 - - 0.01
Electricity plants -6.20 - -1.38 -0.45 -114.60 -5.00 -0.40 -1.10 46.46 - -82.65
CHP plants -0.54 - -0.97 -5.18 - - - -0.98 2.08 3.77 -1.82
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.23 - 0.11 -0.12
Blast furnaces -2.22 e - - - - - - - - - -2.22
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.49 - -0.09 - - - - - - - -0.59
Oil refineries - -86.63 87.58 - - - - - - - 0.94
Petrochemical plants - 1.51 -1.57 - - - - - - - -0.06
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.47 - -4.09 -0.26 - - - - -4.29 - -9.12
Losses - - - -0.59 - - - - -2.72 - -3.31
TFC 4.24 - 78.02 31.99 - - 0.14 10.25 36.64 3.89 165.18
INDUSTRY 3.73 - 6.74 8.94 - - - 1.89 11.40 - 32.70
Iron and steel 2.30 e - 0.04 0.80 - - - - 1.36 - 4.51
Chemical and petrochem. 0.38 - 3.09 1.58 - - - - 2.14 - 7.19
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.06 0.25 - - - - 0.80 - 1.11
Non-metallic minerals 0.35 - 1.21 1.57 - - - - 0.77 - 3.90
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.04 0.58 - - - - 0.68 - 1.31
Machinery 0.01 - 0.17 0.85 - - - - 1.17 - 2.20
Mining and quarrying - - 0.11 0.03 - - - - 0.14 - 0.28
Food and tobacco 0.52 - 0.47 1.77 - - - 0.13 1.75 - 4.63
Paper, pulp and printing 0.06 - 0.11 0.82 - - - 0.57 1.10 - 2.66
Wood and wood products - - 0.04 - - - - 1.19 0.20 - 1.42
Construction - - 0.98 0.12 - - - - 0.17 - 1.27
Textile and leather - - 0.04 0.23 - - - - 0.20 - 0.47
Non-specified 0.11 - 0.38 0.33 - - - - 0.94 - 1.76
TRANSPORT - - 43.01 0.06 - - - 1.45 1.07 - 45.59
Domestic aviation - - 1.37 - - - - - - - 1.37
Road - - 41.14 0.06 - - - 1.45 - - 42.65
Rail - - 0.19 - - - - - 0.76 - 0.96
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.31 - - - - - - - 0.31
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.31 - 0.31
OTHER 0.40 - 14.89 21.18 - - 0.14 6.92 24.16 3.89 71.57
Residential 0.35 - 7.52 12.94 - - 0.11 6.29 12.53 - 39.74
Comm. and public services - - 3.68 5.17 - - 0.03 0.59 11.22 - 20.69
Agriculture/forestry - - 3.04 0.24 - - 0.01 0.04 0.26 - 3.60
Fishing - - 0.33 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.34
Non-specified 0.05 e - 0.32 2.82 - - - - 0.13 e 3.89 7.21
NON-ENERGY USE 0.11 - 13.38 1.82 - - - - - - 15.32
in industry/transf./energy - - 13.01 1.82 - - - - - - 14.83
of which: feedstocks - - 8.97 1.82 - - - - - - 10.79
in transport - - 0.30 - - - - - - - 0.30
in other 0.11 - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.19

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 28.20 - 6.16 21.99 439.73 58.10 4.60 5.58 - - 564.35
Electricity plants 27.36 - 5.26 1.92 439.73 58.10 4.60 3.26 - - 540.22
CHP plants 0.84 - 0.90 20.07 - - - 2.32 - - 24.14
Heat generated - PJ 15.24 - 27.31 99.30 - - - 20.93 - - 162.79
CHP plants 15.24 - 27.31 99.30 - - - 16.17 - - 158.03
Heat plants - - - - - - - 4.76 - - 4.76

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.61

France : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.17 1.29 - 0.81 114.53 5.48 0.69 13.65 - - 136.63
Imports 14.99 83.29 36.19 40.09 - - - 0.39 0.92 - 175.86
Exports -0.78 -0.04 -29.51 -1.10 - - - -0.06 -5.05 - -36.53
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.53 - - - - - - - -2.53
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -5.93 - - - - - - - -5.93
Stock changes -1.50 0.06 0.38 0.07 - - - -0.02 - - -1.01
TPES 12.88 84.61 -1.41 39.87 114.53 5.48 0.69 13.97 -4.13 - 266.50
Transfers - 2.71 -2.42 - - - - - - - 0.29
Statistical differences 0.36 0.26 -2.23 0.04 - - - 0.00 - - -1.58
Electricity plants -5.65 - -1.32 -0.56 e -114.53 -5.48 -0.54 -1.15 47.02 - -82.19
CHP plants -0.46 - -0.84 -5.06 e - - - -1.02 2.02 3.65 -1.71
Heat plants - - - - - - - -0.23 - 0.11 -0.12
Blast furnaces -2.04 e - - - - - - - - - -2.04
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.53 - -0.11 - - - - - - - -0.64
Oil refineries - -89.00 90.11 - - - - - - - 1.11
Petrochemical plants - 1.42 -1.49 - - - - - - - -0.06
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.45 - -4.67 -0.56 - - - - -4.80 - -10.49
Losses - - - -0.68 e - - - - -2.83 - -3.51
TFC 4.11 - 75.62 33.05 - - 0.16 11.57 37.28 3.76 165.55
INDUSTRY 3.62 - 6.26 9.36 - - - 1.99 12.14 - 33.37
Iron and steel 2.21 e - 0.03 0.66 - - - - 1.05 - 3.95
Chemical and petrochem. 0.42 - 2.83 1.79 - - - - 2.25 - 7.29
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.05 0.24 - - - - 0.91 - 1.21
Non-metallic minerals 0.34 - 1.13 1.68 - - - - 0.99 - 4.14
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.03 0.38 - - - - 0.79 - 1.20
Machinery 0.03 - 0.16 0.57 - - - - 1.56 - 2.32
Mining and quarrying - - 0.12 0.01 - - - - 0.00 - 0.14
Food and tobacco 0.41 - 0.39 1.91 - - - 0.12 1.87 - 4.70
Paper, pulp and printing 0.04 - 0.10 0.85 - - - 0.56 1.01 - 2.56
Wood and wood products - - 0.03 0.08 - - - 1.30 0.21 - 1.62
Construction - - 1.02 0.33 e - - - - 0.18 - 1.53
Textile and leather - - 0.03 0.24 - - - - 0.21 - 0.48
Non-specified 0.15 - 0.33 0.63 e - - - - 1.11 - 2.22
TRANSPORT - - 41.04 0.08 - - - 2.27 1.14 - 44.54
Domestic aviation - - 1.38 - - - - - - - 1.38
Road - - 39.15 0.08 e - - - 2.27 - - 41.51
Rail - - 0.20 - - - - - 0.81 - 1.01
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.31 - - - - - - - 0.31
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.33 - 0.33
OTHER 0.40 - 16.26 21.99 - - 0.16 7.31 23.99 3.76 73.87
Residential 0.35 - 8.15 14.00 - - 0.12 6.67 13.38 - 42.67
Comm. and public services - - 4.34 4.76 - - 0.03 0.60 9.31 - 19.04
Agriculture/forestry - - 3.16 0.23 - - 0.01 0.04 0.33 - 3.77
Fishing - - 0.30 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.31
Non-specified 0.05 - 0.31 3.00 e - - - - 0.96 e 3.76 8.08
NON-ENERGY USE 0.10 - 12.06 1.61 - - - - - - 13.76
in industry/transf./energy - - 11.71 1.61 - - - - - - 13.32
of which: feedstocks - - 7.95 1.61 - - - - - - 9.56
in transport - - 0.27 - - - - - - - 0.27
in other 0.10 - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.17

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 27.23 - 5.83 21.88 439.47 63.73 6.24 5.89 - - 570.27
Electricity plants 26.48 e - 5.02 2.39 439.47 63.73 6.24 3.44 - - 546.77
CHP plants 0.75 - 0.80 19.50 e - - - 2.45 - - 23.50
Heat generated - PJ 14.86 - 23.34 97.97 - - - 21.34 - - 157.50
CHP plants 14.86 - 23.34 97.97 - - - 16.57 - - 152.74
Heat plants - - - - - - - 4.76 - - 4.76

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.62 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

France

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.12 0.98 - 0.76 106.78 4.89 0.89 14.40 - - 128.83
Imports 9.90 71.97 37.95 40.71 - - - 0.41 1.65 - 162.61
Exports -0.05 -0.15 -23.73 -1.93 - - - -0.17 -3.86 - -29.89
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.52 - - - - - - - -2.52
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -5.49 - - - - - - - -5.49
Stock changes - 0.14 0.43 -1.09 - - - -0.00 - - -0.53
TPES 9.98 72.94 6.64 38.45 106.78 4.89 0.89 14.64 -2.21 - 253.01
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 27.74 - 5.93 22.30 409.74 56.91 8.41 6.00 - - 537.03
Heat generated - PJ 14.86 - 23.34 97.97 - - - 21.34 - - 157.50

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 45.3 47.6 52.6 111.9 130.8 134.8 136.6 128.8
Net imports (Mtoe) 38.5 117.8 149.0 119.4 132.6 136.2 139.3 132.7
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 79.2 158.6 191.8 223.9 251.9 263.9 266.5 253.0
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 29.0 103.9 112.3 85.9 89.8 91.1 89.9 86.1
Oil supply (Mtoe) 28.6 99.3 106.3 83.9 82.0 84.0 83.2 79.6
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 68.2 144.1 243.9 347.6 440.8 481.4 494.0 483.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 348.7 e 630.8 861.1 1091.8 1328.0 1508.5 1515.0 1496.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 403.1 e 729.1 995.3 1261.9 1534.9 1743.6 1751.0 1729.9
Population (millions) 46.71 e 52.41 55.11 58.17 60.73 63.76 64.12 64.31
Industrial production index (2005=100) 33.90 60.00 76.00 89.00 100.10 102.00 99.90 87.90

Total self-sufficiency** 0.5718 0.3002 0.2743 0.4997 0.5193 0.5108 0.5127 0.5092
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.8343 0.6847 0.4067 0.4077 0.1650 0.0192 0.0134 0.0125
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0707 0.0252 0.0212 0.0414 0.0221 0.0147 0.0155 0.0123
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.9979 0.6215 0.2923 0.0966 0.0421 0.0238 0.0203 0.0199

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2272 e 0.2514 0.2227 0.2051 0.1897 0.1749 0.1759 0.1690
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1966 e 0.2175 0.1927 0.1774 0.1641 0.1514 0.1522 0.1463
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.6960 e 3.0258 3.4798 3.8488 4.1477 4.1389 4.1562 3.9344

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0832 e 0.1648 0.1304 0.0787 0.0677 0.0604 0.0594 0.0575
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0819 e 0.1574 0.1235 0.0769 0.0618 0.0557 0.0549 0.0532
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.6112 e 1.8951 1.9292 1.4426 1.3509 1.3169 1.2976 1.2376

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1956 e 0.2285 0.2833 0.3184 0.3320 0.3191 0.3260 0.3227
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1460 e 2750 4426 5975 7260 7550 7704 7512

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 168.46 195.76 150.21 107.89 105.74 98.27 98.57 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 148.61 319.12 209.75 102.89 99.55 102.98 95.67 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.63

France
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
160 300 100%

90%
140
250
80%
120
70%
200
100
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
80 150 50%

60 40%
100
30%
40
20%
50
20
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
80% 80

70% 70

60% 60

50% 50
Mtoe

40% 40

30% 30

20% 20

10% 10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


700 300

600
250

500
200
400
1971=100
TWh

150
300
100
200

50
100

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.64 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Germany : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 54.59 4.54 - 13.09 36.62 1.80 4.21 23.80 - - 138.64
Imports 32.84 109.08 29.11 71.43 - - - 0.00 3.95 - 246.41
Exports -0.80 -0.70 -28.24 -9.69 - - - -0.02 -5.38 -0.00 e -44.83
Intl. marine bunkers - - -3.04 - - - - - - - -3.04
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -7.24 - - - - - - - -7.24
Stock changes 0.04 -0.08 0.97 2.02 - - - - - - 2.96
TPES 86.67 112.83 -8.43 76.85 36.62 1.80 4.21 23.78 -1.42 -0.00 332.90
Transfers - 3.92 -3.30 - - - - - - - 0.62
Statistical differences 0.06 -0.01 0.45 -0.49 - - - 0.00 - - 0.00
Electricity plants -65.22 - -1.30 -4.51 -36.62 -1.80 -3.68 -7.88 47.46 - -73.55
CHP plants -6.27 - -0.61 -9.98 - - - -2.73 6.68 8.31 -4.59
Heat plants -0.71 - -0.16 -3.02 - - -0.03 -0.71 - 2.88 -1.73
Blast furnaces -4.86 - -0.67 - - - - - - - -5.53
Gas works - - -0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.02 0.02 -0.49 -0.04 - - - - - - -0.53
Oil refineries - -122.76 120.91 - - - - - - - -1.84
Petrochemical plants - 5.99 -6.13 - - - - - - - -0.14
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -1.10 - -7.08 -0.39 - - - -0.06 -4.83 -0.13 -13.59
Losses -0.28 - - -0.02 - - - -0.03 -2.54 -0.85 -3.70
TFC 8.28 - 93.19 58.40 - - 0.50 12.38 45.35 10.22 228.32
INDUSTRY 6.69 - 3.60 17.80 - - - 3.57 20.88 3.62 56.16
Iron and steel 4.22 - 0.63 2.42 - - - - 2.35 0.02 9.64
Chemical and petrochem. 0.31 - 0.00 4.08 - - - 0.67 4.31 2.13 11.51
Non-ferrous metals 0.03 - 0.07 0.73 - - - 0.01 1.53 0.01 2.38
Non-metallic minerals 1.45 - 0.91 2.45 - - - 1.01 1.09 0.01 6.91
Transport equipment 0.04 - 0.09 0.85 - - - 0.00 1.66 0.36 3.01
Machinery 0.02 - 0.55 1.65 - - - 0.01 0.86 0.13 3.23
Mining and quarrying 0.06 - 0.07 0.12 - - - 0.01 0.17 0.00 0.42
Food and tobacco 0.20 - 0.61 2.13 - - - 0.06 1.44 0.20 4.64
Paper, pulp and printing 0.31 - 0.14 2.23 - - - 0.79 1.82 0.37 5.67
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.06 0.15 - - - 0.72 0.36 0.03 1.32
Construction - - - - - - - - 0.07 - 0.07
Textile and leather 0.02 - 0.08 0.28 - - - 0.00 0.27 0.02 0.67
Non-specified 0.02 - 0.38 0.71 - - - 0.29 4.93 0.35 6.67
TRANSPORT - - 49.93 - - - - 3.83 1.40 - 55.16
Domestic aviation - - 1.82 - - - - - - - 1.82
Road - - 47.46 - - - - 3.83 - - 51.28
Rail - - 0.41 - - - - - 1.40 - 1.81
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.17 - - - - - - - 0.17
Non-specified - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07
OTHER 1.22 - 17.30 38.52 - - 0.50 4.98 23.07 6.60 92.19
Residential 0.91 - 11.09 28.16 - - 0.49 4.97 12.05 3.71 61.37
Comm. and public services 0.30 - 6.18 6.66 - - 0.01 0.01 10.30 2.89 26.36
Agriculture/forestry - - - 0.26 - - - - 0.72 - 0.98
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.03 3.44 - - - - - - 3.47
NON-ENERGY USE 0.37 - 22.37 2.08 - - - - - - 24.82
in industry/transf./energy 0.37 - 22.01 2.08 - - - - - - 24.46
of which: feedstocks 0.04 - 17.97 2.08 - - - - - - 20.10
in transport - - 0.34 - - - - - - - 0.34
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 310.37 - 8.60 77.27 140.53 20.90 42.79 29.07 - - 629.55
Electricity plants 293.28 e - 5.32 26.54 140.53 20.90 42.79 22.55 - - 551.91
CHP plants 17.09 e - 3.29 50.73 e - - - 6.52 - - 77.64
Heat generated - PJ 161.87 - 6.71 246.85 - - 0.58 49.29 - 3.59 468.89
CHP plants 139.92 - 1.33 173.37 - - - 31.99 - 1.48 e 348.09
Heat plants 21.96 - 5.38 73.48 - - 0.58 17.30 - 2.11 e 120.79

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.65

Germany : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 50.05 4.24 - 11.31 38.70 1.80 4.47 23.54 - - 134.11
Imports 32.09 107.60 35.17 74.80 - - - 0.02 3.58 - 253.26
Exports -1.08 -0.14 -25.55 -10.13 - - - -0.15 -5.31 -0.01 -42.36
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.94 - - - - - - - -2.94
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -7.33 - - - - - - - -7.33
Stock changes -0.09 -0.74 0.82 0.56 - - - - - - 0.55
TPES 80.97 110.97 0.16 76.53 38.70 1.80 4.47 23.42 -1.73 -0.01 335.28
Transfers - 3.74 -3.11 - - - - - - - 0.63
Statistical differences 0.44 -0.11 -0.23 1.51 - - - - - - 1.61
Electricity plants -59.61 - -1.36 -5.81 -38.70 -1.80 -3.89 -7.89 47.45 - -71.61
CHP plants -6.68 - -0.55 -10.58 - - - -2.65 6.84 8.49 -5.13
Heat plants -0.58 - -0.14 -2.33 - - -0.03 -0.79 - 2.97 -0.90
Blast furnaces -4.73 - -0.53 - - - - - - - -5.26
Gas works - - -0.01 0.01 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.01 - -0.57 -0.04 - - - - - - -0.62
Oil refineries - -119.79 118.37 - - - - - - - -1.42
Petrochemical plants - 5.19 -5.31 - - - - - - - -0.12
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -1.01 - -6.54 -0.49 - - - -0.06 -4.77 -0.12 -13.00
Losses -0.26 - - -0.00 - - - -0.03 -2.59 -0.90 -3.78
TFC 8.52 - 100.19 58.79 - - 0.56 11.99 45.20 10.43 235.67
INDUSTRY 6.93 - 3.53 17.27 - - - 3.54 20.82 3.16 55.25
Iron and steel 4.27 - 0.61 2.37 - - - - 2.44 0.01 9.70
Chemical and petrochem. 0.41 - - 3.79 - - - 0.68 4.45 1.58 10.91
Non-ferrous metals 0.04 - 0.07 0.73 - - - 0.01 1.49 0.01 2.34
Non-metallic minerals 1.37 - 0.84 2.37 - - - 1.02 1.10 0.01 6.72
Transport equipment 0.03 - 0.09 0.81 - - - 0.01 1.59 0.35 2.88
Machinery 0.00 - 0.57 1.83 - - - 0.01 1.02 0.16 3.60
Mining and quarrying 0.07 - 0.06 0.05 - - - 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.39
Food and tobacco 0.20 - 0.62 2.01 - - - 0.06 1.31 0.14 4.35
Paper, pulp and printing 0.49 - 0.15 2.18 - - - 0.87 2.08 0.40 6.16
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.06 0.16 - - - 0.72 0.40 0.07 1.42
Construction - - - - - - - - 0.07 - 0.07
Textile and leather 0.02 - 0.08 0.26 - - - 0.00 0.23 0.02 0.61
Non-specified 0.02 - 0.37 0.72 - - - 0.16 4.43 0.39 6.10
TRANSPORT - - 49.60 - - - - 3.08 1.42 - 54.10
Domestic aviation - - 1.85 - - - - - - - 1.85
Road - - 46.93 - - - - 3.08 - - 50.01
Rail - - 0.45 - - - - - 1.42 - 1.87
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.30 - - - - - - - 0.30
Non-specified - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07
OTHER 1.24 - 25.16 39.59 - - 0.56 5.36 22.96 7.27 102.14
Residential 0.97 - 16.33 29.02 - - 0.56 5.35 12.00 3.93 68.15
Comm. and public services 0.27 - 8.82 6.66 - - - 0.01 10.21 3.34 29.32
Agriculture/forestry - - - 0.26 - - - - 0.75 - 1.01
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.00 3.65 - - - - - - 3.66
NON-ENERGY USE 0.35 - 21.90 1.93 - - - - - - 24.19
in industry/transf./energy 0.35 - 21.54 1.93 - - - - - - 23.82
of which: feedstocks 0.04 - 17.58 1.93 - - - - - - 19.56
in transport - - 0.35 - - - - - - - 0.35
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 290.65 - 9.24 87.65 148.50 20.94 45.01 29.22 - - 631.21
Electricity plants 272.03 e - 6.55 35.88 148.50 20.94 45.01 22.81 - - 551.73
CHP plants 18.61 - 2.69 51.78 e - - - 6.41 - - 79.49
Heat generated - PJ 162.86 - 6.26 250.04 - - 0.59 55.35 - 4.67 479.75
CHP plants 143.26 - 1.02 171.77 - - - 37.04 - 2.30 e 355.39
Heat plants 19.60 - 5.24 78.26 - - 0.59 18.31 - 2.37 e 124.37

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.66 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Germany

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 46.36 3.87 - 10.96 35.16 1.50 4.64 25.76 - - 128.26
Imports 26.77 100.12 32.99 76.32 - - - 0.00 3.60 - 239.79
Exports -0.89 -0.11 -22.38 -9.05 - - - - -4.66 -0.01 -37.08
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.66 - - - - - - - -2.66
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -7.01 - - - - - - - -7.01
Stock changes 0.27 -0.17 -0.73 -1.83 - - - - - - -2.46
TPES 72.51 103.70 0.21 76.40 35.16 1.50 4.64 25.76 -1.06 -0.01 318.83
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 264.52 - 12.50 77.00 134.93 17.44 44.03 40.32 - - 590.74
Heat generated - PJ 159.76 - 6.14 245.29 - - 0.60 58.86 - - 470.64

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 125.3 175.2 185.6 186.2 135.3 138.6 134.1 128.3
Net imports (Mtoe) 16.4 143.3 183.4 167.3 205.7 201.6 210.9 202.7
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 142.2 305.1 357.2 351.4 337.3 332.9 335.3 318.8
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 29.0 141.3 148.9 122.1 126.9 109.3 117.1 110.6
Oil supply (Mtoe) 30.6 140.6 143.9 121.6 125.4 104.4 111.1 103.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 115.5 318.3 453.9 527.4 545.5 591.0 587.0 554.4

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 597.2 e 950.5 1225.9 1543.2 1900.2 2069.2 2095.2 2027.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 670.4 e 1066.9 1376.1 1732.2 2133.0 2322.6 2351.8 2276.2
Population (millions) 71.22 e 78.35 78.30 79.36 82.19 82.26 82.12 82.05
Industrial production index (2005=100) 33.80 59.60 71.00 85.70 93.90 113.50 113.80 93.50

Total self-sufficiency** 0.8810 0.5744 0.5197 0.5298 0.4012 0.4165 0.4000 0.4023
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 1.0768 1.0580 1.0150 0.9474 0.7147 0.6298 0.6181 0.6394
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.1843 0.0549 0.0393 0.0387 0.0314 0.0434 0.0382 0.0372
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.0074 0.7243 0.3178 0.2460 0.2199 0.1703 0.1478 0.1434

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2381 e 0.3209 0.2914 0.2277 0.1775 0.1609 0.1600 0.1572
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2121 e 0.2859 0.2596 0.2029 0.1581 0.1433 0.1426 0.1401
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.9963 e 3.8937 4.5615 4.4278 4.1039 4.0468 4.0829 3.8857

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0486 e 0.1487 0.1214 0.0791 0.0668 0.0528 0.0559 0.0545
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0512 e 0.1479 0.1174 0.0788 0.0660 0.0505 0.0530 0.0512
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.4298 e 1.7943 1.8373 1.5327 1.5257 1.2691 1.3533 1.2663

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1935 e 0.3349 0.3702 0.3418 0.2871 0.2856 0.2802 0.2734
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1622 e 4063 5796 6646 6637 7185 7148 6757

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 167.75 190.96 173.60 125.88 98.56 86.50 84.61 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 98.72 257.34 195.16 118.35 112.05 86.68 84.64 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.67

Germany
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
250 400 100%

90%
350
200 80%
300
70%
250
150 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
200 50%
100 40%
150
30%
100
50 20%
50
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 120

100% 100

80% 80
Mtoe

60% 60

40% 40

20% 20

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


700 200
180
600
160
500 140
120
400
1971=100
TWh

100
300 80

200 60
40
100
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.68 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Greece : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 8.39 0.07 - 0.02 - 0.22 0.33 1.13 e - - 10.17
Imports 0.37 22.59 5.14 3.33 - - - 0.05 0.55 - 32.04
Exports -0.01 -1.06 -6.42 - - - - - -0.18 - -7.66
Intl. marine bunkers - - -3.20 - - - - - - - -3.20
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.95 - - - - - - - -0.95
Stock changes 0.08 -0.23 -0.04 0.01 - - - - - - -0.18
TPES 8.84 21.39 -5.48 3.36 - 0.22 0.33 1.18 0.37 - 30.22
Transfers - 0.98 -0.98 - - - - - - - -0.00
Statistical differences 0.02 0.54 1.18 -0.03 - - - -0.00 0.00 - 1.72
Electricity plants -6.66 - -2.02 -2.44 - -0.22 -0.16 -0.03 4.71 - -6.82
CHP plants -1.66 - -0.21 -0.01 - - - -0.01 0.69 0.04 -1.16
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.01 - - - - - - - - - -0.01
Oil refineries - -22.91 23.25 - - - - - - - 0.34
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 e - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use - - -1.42 -0.03 - - - - -0.60 - -2.06
Losses - - - -0.01 - - - - -0.42 - -0.42
TFC 0.53 - 14.32 0.84 - - 0.17 1.14 4.75 0.04 21.80
INDUSTRY 0.53 - 2.09 0.41 - - - 0.24 1.32 - 4.59
Iron and steel - - 0.01 0.08 - - - - 0.17 - 0.25
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.17 0.04 - - - - 0.01 - 0.22
Non-ferrous metals 0.18 - 0.22 0.06 - - - - 0.40 - 0.85
Non-metallic minerals 0.35 - 0.82 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.22 - 1.48
Transport equipment - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.03
Machinery 0.00 - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.06 - 0.07
Mining and quarrying - - 0.06 0.00 - - - - 0.03 - 0.10
Food and tobacco - - 0.17 0.07 - - - 0.20 0.19 - 0.64
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.06 0.03 - - - - 0.06 - 0.15
Wood and wood products - - 0.00 0.00 - - - 0.03 0.02 - 0.06
Construction - - 0.16 - - - - - 0.00 - 0.16
Textile and leather - - 0.04 0.02 - - - - 0.07 - 0.14
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.35 0.02 - - - - 0.08 - 0.45
TRANSPORT - - 7.64 0.02 - - - 0.09 0.02 - 7.76
Domestic aviation - - 0.36 - - - - - - - 0.36
Road - - 6.58 0.01 - - - 0.09 - - 6.68
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.05
Pipeline transport - - - 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.66 - - - - - - - 0.66
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
OTHER 0.00 - 3.88 0.28 - - 0.17 0.82 3.41 0.04 8.61
Residential 0.00 - 2.65 0.18 - - 0.16 0.80 1.54 0.04 5.38
Comm. and public services - - 0.41 0.10 - - 0.00 0.00 1.61 - 2.13
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.83 - - - 0.01 0.01 0.25 - 1.10
Fishing - - - - - - 0.00 - - - 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.70 0.14 - - - - - - 0.84
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.61 0.14 - - - - - - 0.75
of which: feedstocks - - 0.27 0.14 - - - - - - 0.40
in transport - - 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.09
in other - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 34.68 - 9.64 13.77 - 2.59 1.82 0.21 - - 62.71
Electricity plants 27.61 - 8.87 13.67 - 2.59 1.82 0.16 - - 54.72
CHP plants 7.06 - 0.77 0.11 - - - 0.05 - - 7.99
Heat generated - PJ 1.74 - - - - - - - - - 1.74
CHP plants 1.74 - - - - - - - - - 1.74
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.69

Greece : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 8.13 0.06 - 0.01 - 0.28 0.38 0.99 e - - 9.86
Imports 0.42 21.38 6.77 3.51 - - - 0.06 0.65 - 32.78
Exports -0.00 -1.06 -6.38 - - - - - -0.17 - -7.61
Intl. marine bunkers - - -3.06 - - - - - - - -3.06
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.99 - - - - - - - -0.99
Stock changes -0.22 -0.18 -0.14 -0.01 - - - - - - -0.56
TPES 8.32 20.19 -3.80 3.51 - 0.28 0.38 1.05 0.48 - 30.42
Transfers - 1.57 -1.56 - - - - - - - 0.02
Statistical differences 0.02 -0.14 0.48 0.03 - - - - - - 0.39
Electricity plants -5.96 - -2.07 -2.42 - -0.28 -0.19 -0.03 4.56 - -6.40
CHP plants -1.99 - -0.30 -0.07 - - - -0.01 0.85 0.04 -1.47
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 0.00 - - - - - - - - - 0.00
Oil refineries - -21.62 22.04 - - - - - - - 0.42
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 e - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use - - -1.13 -0.03 - - - - -0.59 - -1.75
Losses - - - -0.00 - - - - -0.43 - -0.44
TFC 0.40 - 13.67 1.00 - - 0.19 1.01 4.87 0.04 21.19
INDUSTRY 0.39 - 1.77 0.45 - - - 0.26 1.33 - 4.21
Iron and steel - - 0.00 0.07 - - - - 0.15 - 0.23
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.15 0.04 - - - - 0.07 - 0.26
Non-ferrous metals 0.15 - 0.19 0.06 - - - - 0.34 - 0.74
Non-metallic minerals 0.24 - 0.61 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.19 - 1.12
Transport equipment - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.03
Machinery - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.06 - 0.07
Mining and quarrying - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.09
Food and tobacco - - 0.15 0.08 - - - 0.24 0.19 - 0.66
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.05 0.03 - - - - 0.05 - 0.14
Wood and wood products - - 0.00 0.00 - - - 0.02 0.02 - 0.05
Construction - - 0.15 - - - - - 0.00 - 0.15
Textile and leather - - 0.04 0.06 - - - - 0.07 - 0.17
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.34 0.01 - - - - 0.14 - 0.50
TRANSPORT - - 7.42 0.02 - - - 0.07 0.02 - 7.53
Domestic aviation - - 0.34 - - - - - - - 0.34
Road - - 6.44 0.01 - - - 0.07 - - 6.52
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.04
Pipeline transport - - - 0.01 - - - - - - 0.01
Domestic navigation - - 0.59 - - - - - - - 0.59
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
OTHER 0.01 - 3.75 0.34 - - 0.19 0.68 3.52 0.04 8.52
Residential 0.01 - 2.56 0.21 - - 0.18 0.66 1.56 0.04 5.21
Comm. and public services - - 0.39 0.13 - - 0.00 0.00 1.69 - 2.22
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.80 - - - 0.01 0.01 0.27 - 1.09
Fishing - - - - - - 0.00 - - - 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.00 - 0.74 0.19 - - - - - - 0.93
in industry/transf./energy 0.00 - 0.68 0.19 - - - - - - 0.87
of which: feedstocks - - 0.20 0.19 - - - - - - 0.39
in transport - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
in other - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 33.36 - 9.99 13.80 - 3.31 2.25 0.21 - - 62.91
Electricity plants 24.77 - 9.17 13.31 - 3.31 2.25 0.17 - - 52.98
CHP plants 8.58 - 0.82 0.49 - - - 0.04 - - 9.93
Heat generated - PJ 1.83 - 0.01 - - - - - - - 1.84
CHP plants 1.83 - 0.01 - - - - - - - 1.84
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.70 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Greece

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 8.01 0.05 - 0.01 - 0.41 0.38 0.92 - - 9.76
Imports 0.11 20.25 7.00 2.96 - - - 0.05 0.65 - 31.02
Exports - -1.00 -7.87 - - - - - -0.28 - -9.15
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.11 - - - - - - - -2.11
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.93 - - - - - - - -0.93
Stock changes -0.09 0.13 0.42 -0.00 - - - - - - 0.45
TPES 8.02 19.43 -3.50 2.97 - 0.41 0.38 0.97 0.38 - 29.05
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 30.54 - 8.07 9.38 - 4.74 1.99 0.20 - - 54.92
Heat generated - PJ 1.68 - 0.01 - - - - - - - 1.69

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 0.3 2.1 3.7 9.2 10.0 10.2 9.9 9.8
Net imports (Mtoe) 2.7 7.7 13.7 15.3 21.8 24.4 25.2 21.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 2.4 8.7 15.0 21.4 27.1 30.2 30.4 29.1
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 2.6 7.4 13.2 14.3 19.3 20.3 20.7 18.4
Oil supply (Mtoe) 2.0 6.4 10.9 12.1 14.9 15.9 16.4 15.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 2.0 10.6 21.7 32.9 49.6 63.0 64.3 55.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 28.8 e 64.8 94.2 100.8 127.1 169.5 172.9 171.0
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 45.6 e 102.5 148.9 159.5 201.0 268.1 273.5 270.5
Population (millions) 8.47 e 8.98 9.81 10.34 10.92 11.19 11.24 11.25
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. 43.60 76.10 83.70 100.60 102.60 100.90 91.90

Total self-sufficiency** 0.1338 0.2399 0.2467 0.4290 0.3687 0.3366 0.3242 0.3362
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.7141 0.8671 0.9048 0.8825 0.9097 0.9494 0.9770 0.9984
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - 0.0694 0.0172 0.0047 0.0035 0.0032
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - 1.0000 0.0248 0.0066 0.0042 0.0032

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0836 e 0.1342 0.1591 0.2127 0.2131 0.1783 0.1759 0.1699
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0528 e 0.0848 0.1006 0.1344 0.1347 0.1127 0.1112 0.1074
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.2843 e 0.9673 1.5273 2.0742 2.4811 2.6996 2.7070 2.5828

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0914 e 0.1148 0.1404 0.1422 0.1520 0.1195 0.1197 0.1075
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0684 e 0.0986 0.1160 0.1197 0.1171 0.0939 0.0948 0.0932
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.2328 e 0.7113 1.1134 1.1677 1.3630 1.4213 1.4588 1.4166

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.0699 e 0.1634 0.2302 0.3258 0.3900 0.3716 0.3719 0.3225
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 238 e 1178 2209 3178 4540 5628 5723 4903

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 125.88 118.73 112.91 105.24 107.66 104.22 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 177.74 169.47 103.97 105.32 111.81 103.03 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.71

Greece
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
12 35 100%

90%
10 30
80%
25 70%
8
60%
20
Mtoe

Mtoe
6 50%
15
40%
4
10 30%

20%
2 5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 9

8
100%
7

80% 6

5
Mtoe

60%
4

40% 3

2
20%
1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


70 600

60
500

50
400
40
1971=100
TWh

300
30
200
20

100
10

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.72 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Hungary : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.77 1.21 - 2.00 3.84 0.02 0.10 1.28 - - 10.22
Imports 1.71 7.15 2.37 8.57 - - - 0.11 1.26 - 21.17
Exports -0.34 -0.61 -2.68 -0.02 - - - -0.06 -0.92 - -4.62
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.25 - - - - - - - -0.25
Stock changes -0.02 0.09 -0.01 0.14 - - - -0.00 - - 0.20
TPES 3.13 7.84 -0.56 10.70 3.84 0.02 0.10 1.32 0.34 - 26.73
Transfers - 0.50 -0.52 - - - - - - - -0.02
Statistical differences -0.00 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.02
Electricity plants -1.78 - -0.13 -1.51 -3.82 -0.02 -0.01 -0.42 2.69 - -5.01
CHP plants -0.25 - -0.00 -1.94 -0.01 - - -0.11 0.75 0.92 -0.64
Heat plants -0.13 - -0.00 -0.42 - - -0.01 -0.01 - 0.44 -0.13
Blast furnaces -0.25 e - - -0.04 - - - - - - -0.28
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.12 - -0.01 -0.00 - - - - - - -0.14
Oil refineries - -8.74 8.73 - - - - - - - -0.01
Petrochemical plants - 0.37 -0.39 - - - - - - - -0.02
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - 0.02 - - - - - - - - 0.02
Energy ind. own use -0.09 - -0.32 -0.15 - - - -0.01 -0.54 -0.17 -1.27
Losses -0.01 - - -0.18 - - - - -0.34 - -0.53
TFC 0.50 0.01 6.78 6.47 - - 0.08 0.78 2.90 1.19 18.71
INDUSTRY 0.36 - 0.21 1.22 - - 0.00 0.12 0.81 0.36 3.09
Iron and steel 0.24 e - 0.00 0.06 - - - - 0.06 0.02 0.39
Chemical and petrochem. 0.00 - 0.02 0.22 - - - 0.00 0.23 0.20 0.67
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 0.09 - - - - 0.04 0.06 0.19
Non-metallic minerals 0.12 - 0.14 0.24 - - 0.00 0.05 0.08 0.01 0.64
Transport equipment - - 0.00 0.06 - - 0.00 - 0.08 0.01 0.15
Machinery 0.00 - 0.00 0.15 - - 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.27
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.01 0.25 - - - 0.03 0.10 0.02 0.42
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.16
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.04 0.01 - 0.06
Construction 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 - - - - 0.01 0.00 0.04
Textile and leather - - - 0.01 - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03
Non-specified - - - 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.07
TRANSPORT - - 4.29 0.00 - - - 0.03 0.11 - 4.42
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 4.23 0.00 - - - 0.03 - - 4.26
Rail - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.11 - 0.17
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.14 - 0.38 4.85 - - 0.08 0.63 1.98 0.83 8.90
Residential 0.14 - 0.12 3.17 - - 0.00 0.54 0.97 0.62 5.55
Comm. and public services 0.00 - 0.02 1.53 - - 0.07 0.08 0.93 0.21 2.84
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.24 0.15 - - 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.50
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - 0.01 1.90 0.39 - - - - - - 2.30
in industry/transf./energy - 0.01 1.84 0.39 - - - - - - 2.24
of which: feedstocks - 0.01 1.63 0.39 - - - - - - 2.03
in transport - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 7.49 - 0.54 15.23 14.68 0.21 0.11 1.71 - - 39.96
Electricity plants 6.99 - 0.52 7.30 14.68 0.21 0.11 1.45 - - 31.25
CHP plants 0.50 - 0.02 7.94 - - - 0.26 - - 8.71
Heat generated - PJ 10.35 - 0.14 44.08 0.54 - 0.20 1.72 - - 57.02
CHP plants 6.15 - - 30.50 0.54 - - 1.45 - - 38.64
Heat plants 4.20 - 0.14 13.57 - - 0.20 0.28 - - 18.39

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.73

Hungary : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.69 1.25 - 2.01 3.87 0.02 0.12 1.54 - - 10.50
Imports 1.70 6.88 2.39 9.32 - - - 0.07 e 1.10 - 21.46
Exports -0.29 -0.49 -2.82 -0.02 - - - -0.09 e -0.76 - -4.47
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.28 - - - - - - - -0.28
Stock changes -0.07 -0.01 0.08 -0.75 - - - 0.00 e - - -0.75
TPES 3.04 7.62 -0.63 10.56 3.87 0.02 0.12 1.52 0.34 - 26.46
Transfers - 0.51 -0.50 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences -0.00 -0.01 0.01 - - - - -0.00 - - -0.02
Electricity plants -1.73 - -0.08 -1.54 -3.86 -0.02 -0.02 -0.53 2.69 - -5.08
CHP plants -0.22 - -0.01 -1.84 -0.01 - - -0.14 0.75 0.94 -0.54
Heat plants -0.12 - -0.00 -0.34 - - -0.01 -0.01 - 0.40 -0.08
Blast furnaces -0.24 e - - -0.03 - - - - - - -0.27
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.11 - -0.01 -0.00 - - - - - - -0.12
Oil refineries - -8.52 8.52 - - - - - - - -0.00
Petrochemical plants - 0.37 -0.39 - - - - - - - -0.02
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - 0.03 - - - - - - - - 0.03
Energy ind. own use -0.09 - -0.34 -0.16 - - - -0.01 -0.49 -0.18 -1.27
Losses -0.01 - - -0.18 - - - - -0.33 - -0.52
TFC 0.51 0.01 6.55 6.47 - - 0.09 0.84 2.95 1.16 18.58
INDUSTRY 0.35 - 0.20 1.21 - - 0.00 0.12 0.85 0.36 3.10
Iron and steel 0.23 e - 0.00 0.06 - - - - 0.06 0.02 0.37
Chemical and petrochem. 0.00 - 0.01 0.19 - - - 0.00 0.23 0.19 0.63
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 0.09 - - - - 0.04 0.06 0.19
Non-metallic minerals 0.11 - 0.14 0.25 - - 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.01 0.66
Transport equipment - - 0.00 0.06 - - 0.00 - 0.08 0.01 0.15
Machinery 0.00 - 0.00 0.12 - - 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.01 0.25
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.00 - 0.01
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.01 0.29 - - - 0.03 0.11 0.02 0.45
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.07 - - - 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.17
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.03 0.01 - 0.05
Construction 0.00 - 0.03 0.02 - - - - 0.01 0.00 0.06
Textile and leather - - - 0.01 - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02
Non-specified - - - 0.04 - - - 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.09
TRANSPORT - - 4.26 0.00 - - - 0.16 0.10 - 4.53
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 4.20 0.00 - - - 0.16 - - 4.36
Rail - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.10 - 0.16
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.17 - 0.38 4.90 - - 0.09 0.55 2.00 0.79 8.88
Residential 0.16 - 0.10 3.29 - - 0.00 0.46 0.99 0.55 5.57
Comm. and public services 0.00 - 0.02 1.44 - - 0.08 0.08 0.93 0.24 2.79
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.26 0.17 - - 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.53
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - 0.01 1.71 0.35 - - - - - - 2.07
in industry/transf./energy - 0.01 1.65 0.35 - - - - - - 2.00
of which: feedstocks - 0.01 1.42 0.35 - - - - - - 1.78
in transport - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 7.21 - 0.36 15.18 14.82 0.21 0.21 2.05 - - 40.03
Electricity plants 6.76 - 0.33 7.26 14.82 0.21 0.21 1.74 - - 31.33
CHP plants 0.44 - 0.02 7.92 - - - 0.31 - - 8.70
Heat generated - PJ 9.56 - 0.49 43.38 0.55 - 0.20 1.94 - - 56.13
CHP plants 5.53 - 0.39 31.22 0.55 - - 1.74 - - 39.44
Heat plants 4.03 - 0.10 12.16 - - 0.20 0.20 - - 16.68

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.74 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Hungary

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.62 1.21 - 2.00 4.03 0.02 0.14 1.77 - - 10.78
Imports 1.08 6.71 2.29 7.88 - - - 0.04 0.92 - 18.92
Exports -0.16 -1.05 -2.27 -0.07 - - - -0.06 -0.45 - -4.05
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.24 - - - - - - - -0.24
Stock changes 0.07 0.12 -0.03 -0.70 - - - -0.00 - - -0.55
TPES 2.61 6.98 -0.25 9.11 4.03 0.02 0.14 1.75 0.47 - 24.86
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 6.42 - 0.59 10.47 15.43 0.23 0.33 2.45 - - 35.91
Heat generated - PJ 6.98 - 0.75 41.40 0.51 - 0.22 1.87 - - 51.73

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 11.9 14.5 14.6 11.6 10.2 10.5 10.8
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 7.7 14.3 14.2 13.9 16.6 17.0 14.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 19.0 28.4 28.7 25.0 26.7 26.5 24.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 5.1 8.3 6.4 5.2 6.2 6.0 5.7
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 7.0 10.8 8.4 6.6 7.3 7.0 6.7
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 17.7 28.9 35.6 33.8 40.0 40.0 37.5

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 13.2 e 25.7 e 39.3 e 44.0 e 47.3 61.1 61.5 59.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 34.5 e 67.3 e 102.7 e 115.1 e 123.7 159.8 160.8 156.4
Population (millions) 9.98 e 10.37 10.71 10.37 10.21 10.06 10.04 10.01
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 53.20 51.90 76.00 118.50 118.50 97.70

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.6225 0.5110 0.5090 0.4647 0.3825 0.3967 0.4337


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.7879 0.7522 0.6758 0.7515 0.5669 0.5576 0.6211
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.2841 0.2337 0.2723 0.2536 0.1667 0.1781 0.1793
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.9500 0.6385 0.4276 0.2563 0.1873 0.1899 0.2195

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.7403 e 0.7218 e 0.6515 e 0.5286 0.4375 0.4303 0.4155
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2830 e 0.2760 e 0.2491 e 0.2021 0.1673 0.1645 0.1589
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 1.8364 2.6481 2.7648 2.4483 2.6579 2.6358 2.4839

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1992 e 0.2116 e 0.1462 e 0.1102 0.1020 0.0968 0.0949
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2724 e 0.2747 e 0.1898 e 0.1402 0.1191 0.1137 0.1126
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 0.6758 1.0079 0.8055 0.6494 0.7238 0.6967 0.6728

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.6900 e 0.7356 e 0.8081 e 0.7145 0.6545 0.6511 0.6275
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 1712 2699 3430 3309 3976 3989 3751

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 348.04 281.16 119.76 84.51 80.84 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 289.50 190.73 95.45 82.89 74.49 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.75

Hungary
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
18 35 100%

16 90%
30
14 80%
25 70%
12
60%
10 20
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
8 15
40%
6
10 30%
4
20%
5
2 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 10

9
100%
8

7
80%
6
Mtoe

60% 5

4
40%
3

2
20%
1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


45 250

40

35 200

30
150
1971=100

25
TWh

20
100
15

10 50
5

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.76 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Iceland : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.72 3.22 0.01 - - 3.95
Imports 0.11 - 1.05 - - - - - - - 1.17
Exports - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.07 - - - - - - - -0.07
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.17 - - - - - - - -0.17
Stock changes - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
TPES 0.11 - 0.83 - - 0.72 3.22 0.01 - - 4.89
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - - -0.00 - - - -0.00 - - - -0.01
Electricity plants - - -0.00 - - -0.72 -1.62 -0.00 0.91 - -1.44
CHP plants - - - - - - -0.97 - 0.12 0.19 -0.66
Heat plants - - -0.00 - - - -0.04 -0.00 -0.02 0.03 -0.03
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - - - - - - - - - - -
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - - - - - - - -0.04 - -0.04
Losses - - - - - - -0.13 - -0.04 -0.04 -0.22
TFC 0.11 - 0.82 - - - 0.45 0.00 0.94 0.18 2.50
INDUSTRY 0.11 - 0.11 - - - 0.02 - 0.76 - 1.00
Iron and steel 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.09 - 0.18
Chemical and petrochem. - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.61 - 0.61
Non-metallic minerals 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.02
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Machinery - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Food and tobacco - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.05
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Construction - - 0.07 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.08
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Non-specified - - 0.02 - - - 0.02 - 0.00 - 0.04
TRANSPORT - - 0.31 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.32
Domestic aviation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Road - - 0.29 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.29
Rail - - - - - - - - - - -
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 0.19 - - - 0.43 - 0.18 0.18 0.98
Residential - - 0.00 - - - 0.33 - 0.07 0.16 0.57
Comm. and public services - - 0.00 - - - 0.05 - 0.09 0.01 0.14
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.01 - - - 0.02 - 0.02 - 0.04
Fishing - - 0.18 - - - 0.04 - 0.00 - 0.22
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.21 - - - - - - - 0.21
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.20 - - - - - - - 0.20
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.00 - - 8.39 3.58 0.00 - - 11.98
Electricity plants - - 0.00 - - 8.39 2.16 0.00 - - 10.55
CHP plants - - - - - - 1.42 - - - 1.42
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.04 - - - 8.52 0.04 0.66 - 9.25
CHP plants - - - - - - 7.80 - - - 7.80
Heat plants - - 0.04 - - - 0.72 0.04 0.66 - 1.45

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.77

Iceland : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 1.07 3.28 e 0.00 - - 4.36
Imports 0.09 e - 0.98 - - - - - - - 1.07
Exports - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.06 - - - - - - - -0.06
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.12 - - - - - - - -0.12
Stock changes - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
TPES 0.09 - 0.81 - - 1.07 3.28 0.00 - - 5.25
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - - -0.01 - - - -0.00 - -0.00 - -0.01
Electricity plants - - -0.00 - - -1.07 -1.71 -0.00 1.28 - -1.50
CHP plants - - - - - - -1.03 - 0.13 0.23 -0.67
Heat plants - - -0.00 - - - -0.03 e -0.00 -0.02 0.03 -0.02
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - - - - - - - - - - -
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - - - - - - - -0.04 - -0.04
Losses - - - - - - -0.14 - -0.05 -0.02 -0.21
TFC 0.09 - 0.80 - - - 0.37 0.00 1.31 0.24 2.81
INDUSTRY 0.09 - 0.11 - - - 0.01 - 1.12 0.01 1.34
Iron and steel 0.05 e - - - - - - - 0.08 - 0.13
Chemical and petrochem. - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.99 - 0.99
Non-metallic minerals 0.03 e - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.04
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Machinery - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Food and tobacco - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.05
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Construction - - 0.08 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.09
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Non-specified - - 0.01 - - - 0.01 - 0.00 0.01 0.04
TRANSPORT - - 0.31 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.31
Domestic aviation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Road - - 0.28 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.28
Rail - - - - - - - - - - -
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 0.19 - - - 0.36 - 0.19 0.23 0.97
Residential - - 0.00 - - - 0.26 - 0.07 0.16 0.50
Comm. and public services - - - - - - 0.07 - 0.09 0.04 0.20
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.01 - - - 0.01 - 0.02 0.01 0.04
Fishing - - 0.18 - - - 0.03 - 0.00 0.02 0.22
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.20 - - - - - - - 0.20
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.19 - - - - - - - 0.19
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.00 - - 12.43 4.04 0.00 - - 16.47
Electricity plants - - 0.00 - - 12.43 2.48 0.00 - - 14.91
CHP plants - - - - - - 1.56 - - - 1.56
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.04 - - - 10.20 0.03 0.64 - 10.90
CHP plants - - - - - - 9.50 - - - 9.50
Heat plants - - 0.04 - - - 0.70 0.03 0.64 - 1.40

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.78 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Iceland

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 1.06 3.55 0.00 - - 4.61
Imports 0.08 - 0.95 - - - - - - - 1.03
Exports - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.04 - - - - - - - -0.04
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.08 - - - - - - - -0.08
Stock changes - - - - - - - - - - -
TPES 0.08 - 0.84 - - 1.06 3.55 0.00 - - 5.52
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.00 - - 12.28 4.55 0.00 - - 16.84
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.02 - - - 10.20 0.03 0.64 - 10.89

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 0.2 0.4 0.9 1.4 2.3 4.0 4.4 4.6
Net imports (Mtoe) 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 0.5 0.9 1.5 2.1 3.1 4.9 5.3 5.5
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 0.5 1.4 2.9 4.1 7.4 11.5 15.9 16.3

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 1.8 e 3.2 5.2 6.8 8.7 11.8 12.0 11.4
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 1.7 e 2.9 4.8 6.3 8.1 11.0 11.2 10.6
Population (millions) 0.18 e 0.21 0.23 0.26 0.28 0.31 0.32 0.32
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Total self-sufficiency** 0.2787 0.4687 0.6040 0.6704 0.7438 0.8074 0.8288 0.8343
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3046 e 0.2859 0.2900 0.3088 0.3564 0.4142 0.4388 0.4858
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3266 e 0.3066 0.3110 0.3312 0.3822 0.4441 0.4706 0.5209
TPES/population (toe per capita) 3.0753 e 4.3804 6.5650 8.1901 11.0312 15.7377 16.4733 17.3101

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2143 e 0.1742 0.1119 0.1073 0.1077 0.0891 0.0821 0.0840
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2091 e 0.1517 0.1114 0.0923 0.0801 0.0701 0.0679 0.0736
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 2.1107 e 2.3242 2.5228 2.4477 2.4792 2.6635 2.5500 2.6241

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2583 e 0.4572 0.5606 0.6085 0.8472 0.9716 1.3271 1.4305
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 2608 e 7005 12689 16137 26221 36920 49818 50969

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.79

Iceland
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
5 6 100%

4.5 90%
5
4 80%

3.5 70%
4
3 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
2.5 3 50%
2 40%
2
1.5 30%
1 20%
1
05
0.5 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
90% 1.8

80% 1.6

70% 1.4

60% 1.2

50% 1
Mtoe

40% 0.8

30% 0.6

20% 0.4

10% 0.2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


18 800

16 700
14
600
12
500
1971=100

10
TWh

400
8
300
6
200
4

2 100

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Oil Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.80 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Ireland : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.59 - - 0.37 - 0.06 0.17 0.22 - - 1.41
Imports 1.50 3.50 6.34 3.91 - - - 0.02 0.12 - 15.40
Exports -0.01 - -1.20 - - - - -0.00 -0.01 - -1.21
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.11 - - - - - - - -0.11
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.97 - - - - - - - -0.97
Stock changes 0.22 -0.03 0.29 -0.00 - - - -0.01 - - 0.48
TPES 2.31 3.47 4.36 4.28 - 0.06 0.17 0.24 0.11 - 15.00
Transfers - - -0.00 - - - - - - - -0.00
Statistical differences -0.12 - 0.68 0.07 - - - 0.00 -0.02 - 0.61
Electricity plants -1.57 - -0.40 -2.50 - -0.06 -0.17 -0.02 2.24 - -2.47
CHP plants -0.01 - -0.01 -0.23 - - - -0.01 0.16 - -0.11
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.01 - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.03
Oil refineries - -3.47 3.28 - - - - - - - -0.19
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.02 - -0.17 - - - - - -0.07 - -0.26
Losses - - - -0.06 - - - - -0.19 - -0.25
TFC 0.57 - 7.72 1.57 - - 0.00 0.21 2.22 - 12.30
INDUSTRY 0.14 - 0.90 0.62 - - - 0.15 0.73 - 2.54
Iron and steel - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.13 0.11 - - - - 0.11 - 0.35
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.18 0.16 - - - - 0.04 - 0.38
Non-metallic minerals 0.12 - 0.31 0.06 - - - - 0.08 - 0.57
Transport equipment - - 0.00 0.01 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
Machinery - - 0.03 0.06 - - - - 0.16 - 0.25
Mining and quarrying - - 0.04 0.02 - - - - 0.05 - 0.12
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.11 0.18 - - - 0.06 0.15 - 0.52
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.01 - - - - 0.02 - 0.04
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.09 0.03 - 0.14
Construction - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.07 0.01 - - - - 0.06 - 0.14
TRANSPORT - - 4.75 - - - - 0.02 0.00 - 4.77
Domestic aviation - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05
Road - - 4.62 - - - - 0.02 - - 4.65
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
OTHER 0.43 - 1.94 0.94 - - 0.00 0.03 1.49 - 4.85
Residential 0.41 - 1.13 0.59 - - 0.00 0.02 0.69 - 2.85
Comm. and public services 0.03 - 0.57 0.35 - - 0.00 0.01 0.75 - 1.71
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.25 - - - - 0.00 0.05 - 0.30
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.10 - - - - - - - 0.10
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 7.67 - 1.98 15.47 - 0.67 1.96 0.13 - - 27.88
Electricity plants 7.64 - 1.94 13.74 - 0.67 1.96 0.10 - - 26.05
CHP plants 0.03 - 0.04 1.72 - - - 0.03 - - 1.83
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.81

Ireland : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.65 - - 0.35 - 0.08 0.21 0.22 - - 1.52
Imports 1.68 3.36 6.35 4.13 - - - 0.04 0.06 - 15.62
Exports -0.03 - -1.21 - - - - -0.00 -0.03 - -1.26
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.08 - - - - - - - -0.08
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.91 - - - - - - - -0.91
Stock changes 0.07 0.00 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.00 - - 0.09
TPES 2.37 3.37 4.16 4.48 - 0.08 0.21 0.27 0.04 - 14.98
Transfers - - -0.00 - - - - - - - -0.00
Statistical differences -0.10 -0.01 0.84 0.04 - - - -0.00 0.07 - 0.85
Electricity plants -1.61 - -0.34 -2.57 - -0.08 -0.21 -0.03 2.36 - -2.48
CHP plants -0.01 - -0.01 -0.23 - - - -0.01 0.16 - -0.10
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.03 - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.04
Oil refineries - -3.36 3.24 - - - - - - - -0.12
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.02 - -0.13 - - - - - -0.14 - -0.30
Losses - - - -0.06 - - - - -0.19 - -0.26
TFC 0.59 - 7.75 1.66 - - 0.01 0.23 2.29 - 12.53
INDUSTRY 0.13 - 0.94 0.59 - - - 0.14 0.69 - 2.48
Iron and steel - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.10 0.10 - - - - 0.10 - 0.31
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.19 0.17 - - - - 0.04 - 0.40
Non-metallic minerals 0.11 - 0.28 0.05 - - - 0.01 0.07 - 0.53
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.01 - - - - 0.01 - 0.03
Machinery - - 0.03 0.06 - - - - 0.15 - 0.25
Mining and quarrying - - 0.09 0.02 - - - - 0.05 - 0.16
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.15 0.17 - - - 0.04 0.14 - 0.52
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.01 0.01 - - - - 0.02 - 0.04
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.09 0.03 - 0.13
Construction - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.05 0.01 - - - - 0.06 - 0.12
TRANSPORT - - 4.47 - - - - 0.05 0.00 - 4.53
Domestic aviation - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Road - - 4.36 - - - - 0.05 - - 4.41
Rail - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Non-specified - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.00 - 0.01
OTHER 0.46 - 2.05 1.06 - - 0.01 0.04 1.60 - 5.22
Residential 0.44 - 1.24 0.67 - - 0.01 0.02 0.73 - 3.11
Comm. and public services 0.03 - 0.56 0.39 - - 0.00 0.01 0.82 - 1.81
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.26 - - - - 0.00 0.05 - 0.30
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.30 - - - - - - - 0.30
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.27 - - - - - - - 0.27
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 8.02 - 1.73 16.07 - 0.97 2.41 0.16 - - 29.35
Electricity plants 7.99 - 1.70 14.28 - 0.97 2.41 0.13 - - 27.47
CHP plants 0.03 - 0.03 1.79 - - - 0.03 - - 1.88
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.82 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Ireland

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.58 - - 0.32 - 0.08 0.26 0.22 - - 1.45
Imports 1.39 2.81 6.01 3.96 - - - 0.06 0.08 - 14.31
Exports -0.02 - -0.94 - - - - -0.00 -0.02 - -0.98
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.10 - - - - - - - -0.10
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.78 - - - - - - - -0.78
Stock changes 0.11 0.10 -0.10 - - - - -0.00 - - 0.10
TPES 2.06 2.91 4.09 4.28 - 0.08 0.26 0.27 0.07 - 14.01
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 6.73 - 0.92 15.62 - 0.90 2.96 0.18 - - 27.31
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 1.4 1.4 1.9 3.5 2.2 1.4 1.5 1.5
Net imports (Mtoe) 2.6 5.8 6.6 7.1 12.2 14.2 14.4 13.3
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 3.7 6.7 8.2 10.0 13.7 15.0 15.0 14.0
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 1.4 5.1 5.8 5.1 8.0 8.6 8.5 7.9
Oil supply (Mtoe) 1.2 4.6 5.5 4.5 7.4 7.8 7.5 7.0
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 2.0 5.6 9.8 13.2 22.1 27.3 27.9 26.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 14.2 e 22.2 34.1 48.7 96.6 140.8 136.5 129.3
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 16.1 e 25.1 38.5 54.9 109.0 158.9 154.1 145.9
Population (millions) 2.83 e 2.98 3.40 3.51 3.80 4.36 4.44 4.51
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 12.80 23.60 74.90 108.10 106.50 102.00

Total self-sufficiency** 0.3705 0.2119 0.2299 0.3471 0.1576 0.0939 0.1015 0.1037
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.5300 0.6696 0.5683 0.4108 0.3675 0.2563 0.2725 0.2806
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. 1.0000 1.0000 0.2789 0.0862 0.0790 0.0744

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2621 e 0.3025 0.2416 0.2053 0.1418 0.1065 0.1097 0.1084
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2323 e 0.2681 0.2141 0.1819 0.1257 0.0944 0.0972 0.0960
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.3163 e 2.2559 2.4215 2.8487 3.6050 3.4419 3.3719 3.1041

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1004 e 0.2302 0.1710 0.1040 0.0831 0.0614 0.0623 0.0609
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0839 e 0.2078 0.1619 0.0920 0.0766 0.0556 0.0551 0.0541
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.4213 e 1.5495 1.6226 1.2762 1.9457 1.7964 1.6946 1.5490

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1381 e 0.2539 0.2871 0.2721 0.2284 0.1938 0.2042 0.2025
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 694 e 1894 2878 3776 5804 6263 6277 5799

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 642.31 345.80 142.09 86.25 91.02 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 948.18 268.99 131.58 70.78 86.45 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.83

Ireland
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
4.5 16 100%

4 90%
14
3.5 80%
12
70%
3
10
60%
2.5
Mtoe

Mtoe
8 50%
2
6 40%
1.5
30%
4
1
20%
0.5 2
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 6

100% 5

80% 4
Mtoe

60% 3

40% 2

20% 1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


35 400

30 350

300
25
250
20
1971=100
TWh

200
15
150
10
100

5 50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.84 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Italy : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.10 6.31 - 7.95 - 2.82 5.40 3.80 - - 26.38
Imports 16.80 95.88 11.87 60.55 - - - 0.84 4.21 - 190.14
Exports -0.15 -2.02 -29.71 -0.06 - - - -0.00 -0.23 - -32.16
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.40 - - - - - - - -2.40
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.41 - - - - - - - -3.41
Stock changes 0.03 0.02 -0.58 1.07 - - - - - - 0.54
TPES 16.78 100.19 -24.23 69.51 - 2.82 5.40 4.64 3.98 - 179.09
Transfers - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
Statistical differences -0.40 -0.01 -0.19 - - - - - 0.00 0.00 -0.60
Electricity plants -10.58 - -3.87 -15.35 - -2.82 -5.14 -1.40 17.25 - -21.90
CHP plants -1.10 - -2.98 -12.73 - - - -1.23 9.26 4.88 -3.91
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.46 e - - - - - - - - - -1.46
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.75 - - - - - - - - - -0.75
Oil refineries - -101.81 102.24 - - - - - - - 0.43
Petrochemical plants - 1.62 -1.70 - - - - - - - -0.07
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.10 - - -0.10
Energy ind. own use -0.06 - -5.33 -0.71 - - - - -2.08 -1.81 -9.98
Losses - - - -0.56 - - - - -1.80 - -2.36
TFC 2.44 - 64.06 40.17 - - 0.27 1.91 26.60 3.07 138.52
INDUSTRY 2.26 - 7.20 15.69 - - - 0.24 12.57 2.83 40.81
Iron and steel 1.65 e - 0.10 1.84 - - - - 1.86 0.00 5.46
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 1.78 2.75 - - - - 1.56 1.06 7.16
Non-ferrous metals 0.01 - 0.07 0.39 - - - - 0.48 0.00 0.95
Non-metallic minerals 0.58 - 2.97 3.25 - - - 0.17 1.27 0.10 8.34
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.39 0.09 0.48
Machinery - - 0.68 2.27 - - - - 2.05 0.02 5.02
Mining and quarrying - - 0.04 0.03 - - - - 0.09 0.02 0.18
Food and tobacco - - 0.67 1.47 - - - 0.01 1.11 0.21 3.47
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.21 1.95 - - - - 0.92 0.77 3.85
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.38 0.02 0.40
Construction - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.15 0.00 0.20
Textile and leather - - 0.26 0.91 - - - - 0.72 0.06 1.95
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.37 0.83 - - - 0.06 1.59 0.48 3.33
TRANSPORT - - 40.77 0.48 - - - 0.14 0.89 - 42.29
Domestic aviation - - 0.82 - - - - - - - 0.82
Road - - 38.52 0.48 - - - 0.14 - - 39.14
Rail - - 0.11 - - - - - 0.38 - 0.49
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Domestic navigation - - 1.33 - - - - - - - 1.33
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.47 - 0.47
OTHER 0.01 - 7.55 23.23 - - 0.27 1.52 13.14 0.24 45.94
Residential 0.01 - 4.54 15.97 - - 0.05 1.36 5.78 0.13 27.84
Comm. and public services - - 0.44 7.10 - - - - 6.87 0.10 14.51
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.22 0.16 - - - 0.17 0.48 0.00 3.03
Fishing - - 0.23 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.24
Non-specified - - 0.12 - - - 0.21 - - - 0.33
NON-ENERGY USE 0.17 - 8.54 0.77 - - - - - - 9.48
in industry/transf./energy - - 8.10 0.77 - - - - - - 8.87
of which: feedstocks - - 4.71 0.77 - - - - - - 5.48
in transport - - 0.43 - - - - - - - 0.43
in other 0.17 - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.18

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 49.74 0.02 35.39 172.65 - 32.82 10.66 6.95 - - 308.22
Electricity plants 45.11 - 16.17 91.80 - 32.82 10.66 4.01 - - 200.57
CHP plants 4.62 0.02 19.21 80.85 - - - 2.95 - - 107.65
Heat generated - PJ 2.60 0.08 68.36 123.61 - - - 9.78 - - 204.41
CHP plants 2.60 0.08 68.36 123.61 - - - 9.78 - - 204.41
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.85

Italy : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.07 5.68 - 7.58 - 3.58 5.46 4.56 - - 26.94
Imports 16.73 89.65 12.02 62.94 - - - 0.90 3.74 - 185.98
Exports -0.17 -2.14 -27.50 -0.17 - - - -0.10 -0.29 - -30.38
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.52 - - - - - - - -2.52
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.29 - - - - - - - -3.29
Stock changes -0.36 0.40 0.16 -0.84 - - - -0.05 - - -0.69
TPES 16.28 93.59 -21.13 69.50 - 3.58 5.46 5.31 3.44 - 176.03
Transfers - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
Statistical differences -0.43 - -0.90 - - - - - -0.00 - -1.32
Electricity plants -10.61 - -3.07 -15.59 - -3.58 -5.18 -1.53 18.11 - -21.45
CHP plants -0.98 - -3.68 -15.38 - - - -1.12 8.85 4.74 -7.56
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.38 e - - - - - - - - - -1.38
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.70 - - - - - - - - - -0.70
Oil refineries - -94.78 96.18 - - - - - - - 1.40
Petrochemical plants - 1.19 -1.25 - - - - - - - -0.06
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.11 - - -0.11
Energy ind. own use -0.06 - -4.92 -0.87 - - - - -2.05 -1.56 -9.46
Losses - - - -0.35 - - - - -1.76 - -2.11
TFC 2.12 - 61.36 37.31 - - 0.28 2.55 26.60 3.17 133.40
INDUSTRY 1.95 - 6.45 11.30 - - - 0.34 12.18 3.03 35.26
Iron and steel 1.32 e - 0.10 1.84 - - - - 1.86 0.01 5.13
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 1.13 1.34 - - - 0.01 1.51 1.10 5.10
Non-ferrous metals 0.01 - 0.07 0.37 - - - - 0.48 0.00 0.93
Non-metallic minerals 0.61 - 2.97 2.86 - - - 0.24 1.20 0.10 7.98
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.37 0.10 0.46
Machinery - - 0.65 1.99 - - - - 1.99 0.02 4.65
Mining and quarrying - - 0.04 0.04 - - - - 0.09 0.01 0.18
Food and tobacco - - 0.67 1.26 - - - 0.03 1.10 0.22 3.29
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.21 0.83 - - - - 0.88 0.65 2.57
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.37 0.03 0.40
Construction - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.16 0.00 0.20
Textile and leather - - 0.23 0.71 - - - - 0.65 0.06 1.66
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.35 0.05 - - - 0.06 1.52 0.73 2.71
TRANSPORT - - 38.46 0.55 - - - 0.72 0.93 - 40.67
Domestic aviation - - 0.78 - - - - - - - 0.78
Road - - 36.20 0.55 - - - 0.72 - - 37.47
Rail - - 0.07 - - - - - 0.39 - 0.46
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Domestic navigation - - 1.41 - - - - - - - 1.41
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.50 - 0.50
OTHER 0.00 - 7.49 24.77 - - 0.28 1.49 13.49 0.14 47.67
Residential 0.00 - 3.94 16.01 - - 0.07 1.33 5.88 0.04 27.27
Comm. and public services - - 1.08 8.62 - - - - 7.12 0.07 16.89
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.16 0.14 - - - 0.16 0.48 0.00 2.94
Fishing - - 0.22 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.23
Non-specified - - 0.10 - - - 0.21 - - 0.03 0.34
NON-ENERGY USE 0.16 - 8.95 0.70 - - - - - - 9.80
in industry/transf./energy - - 8.68 0.70 - - - - - - 9.38
of which: feedstocks - - 5.39 0.70 - - - - - - 6.09
in transport - - 0.25 - - - - - - - 0.25
in other 0.16 - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.18

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 48.59 0.00 31.46 172.70 - 41.62 11.49 7.66 - - 313.53
Electricity plants 44.38 - 13.37 95.13 - 41.62 11.49 4.61 - - 210.60
CHP plants 4.21 0.00 18.09 77.57 - - - 3.05 - - 102.93
Heat generated - PJ 1.89 0.01 64.65 121.04 - - - 10.79 - - 198.37
CHP plants 1.89 0.01 64.65 121.04 - - - 10.79 - - 198.37
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.86 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Italy

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.05 4.54 - 6.56 - 4.09 5.48 5.08 - - 25.81
Imports 12.68 82.54 12.29 56.72 - - - 1.21 4.01 - 169.44
Exports -0.20 -2.16 -25.40 -0.10 - - - -0.09 -0.18 - -28.13
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.16 - - - - - - - -2.16
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.05 - - - - - - - -3.05
Stock changes -0.29 0.21 0.13 0.72 - - - 0.01 - - 0.80
TPES 12.24 85.14 -18.18 63.91 - 4.09 5.48 6.22 3.82 - 162.71
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 43.31 0.00 28.13 145.75 - 47.53 13.09 7.89 - - 285.71
Heat generated - PJ 1.57 0.01 56.69 98.70 - - - 11.03 - - 168.00

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 13.8 19.5 19.9 25.3 28.2 26.4 26.9 25.8
Net imports (Mtoe) 31.0 96.4 116.8 127.3 152.4 158.0 155.6 141.3
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 39.9 105.4 130.8 146.6 171.5 179.1 176.0 162.7
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 23.8 87.9 92.8 85.1 88.0 76.0 72.0 67.3
Oil supply (Mtoe) 20.9 79.1 88.2 83.3 86.9 76.0 72.5 67.0
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 49.0 116.4 175.2 235.1 301.8 339.2 338.7 313.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 292.1 e 518.2 739.1 937.6 1097.3 1188.5 1176.1 1127.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 388.0 e 688.3 981.8 1245.4 1457.6 1578.6 1562.2 1498.0
Population (millions) 49.94 e 54.07 56.43 56.72 56.94 59.38 59.89 59.74
Industrial production index (2005=100) 29.20 57.10 80.90 90.20 104.20 105.40 101.70 83.00

Total self-sufficiency** 0.3468 0.1853 0.1521 0.1727 0.1642 0.1473 0.1530 0.1586
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.0889 0.0597 0.0275 0.0188 0.0003 0.0060 0.0046 0.0037
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.1003 0.0159 0.0197 0.0536 0.0540 0.0830 0.0785 0.0678
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.0000 1.0158 0.4516 0.3597 0.2351 0.1143 0.1090 0.1027

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1366 e 0.2034 0.1770 0.1563 0.1563 0.1507 0.1497 0.1443
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1028 e 0.1531 0.1333 0.1177 0.1177 0.1134 0.1127 0.1086
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.7989 e 1.9491 2.3184 2.5839 3.0122 3.0163 2.9393 2.7238

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0813 e 0.1696 0.1255 0.0908 0.0802 0.0640 0.0612 0.0597
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0716 e 0.1527 0.1194 0.0889 0.0791 0.0639 0.0616 0.0594
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.4189 e 1.4630 1.5635 1.4690 1.5253 1.2794 1.2099 1.1209

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1676 e 0.2246 0.2371 0.2507 0.2750 0.2854 0.2880 0.2784
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 980 e 2153 3105 4145 5300 5713 5656 5255

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 120.72 152.00 111.45 99.20 89.40 95.42 88.87 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 180.47 321.19 184.08 122.49 86.58 97.18 99.65 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.87

Italy
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
35 200 100%

180 90%
30
160 80%
25 140 70%

120 60%
20
Mtoe

Mtoe
100 50%
15
80 40%

10 60 30%
40 20%
5
20 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 60

100% 50

80% 40
Mtoe

60% 30

40% 20

20% 10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


350 300

300
250

250
200
200
1971=100
TWh

150
150
100
100

50
50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.88 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Japan : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 0.81 - 3.58 68.76 6.36 3.73 e 7.36 - - 90.60
Imports 117.14 209.70 44.96 80.07 - - - - - - 451.87
Exports -0.97 - -14.58 - - - - - - - -15.56
Intl. marine bunkers - - -5.81 - - - - - - - -5.81
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -6.20 - - - - - - - -6.20
Stock changes 0.08 1.24 -0.29 -0.60 - - - -0.01 - - 0.42
TPES 116.24 211.75 18.08 83.05 68.76 6.36 3.73 e 7.36 - - 515.33
Transfers - - -0.02 - - - - - - - -0.02
Statistical differences -0.70 1.21 0.79 5.57 - - - - -0.00 -0.00 6.87
Electricity plants -64.19 -9.80 -21.30 -53.29 -68.76 -6.36 -3.02 e -4.45 96.79 - -134.37
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants -0.01 - -0.01 -0.39 - - - -0.13 -0.10 0.62 -0.03
Blast furnaces -17.51 e - - - - - - - - - -17.51
Gas works - - -1.64 1.11 - - - - - - -0.53
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 0.79 - -0.33 - - - - - - - 0.46
Oil refineries - -207.85 205.02 - - - - - - - -2.83
Petrochemical plants - 5.16 -5.38 - - - - - - - -0.22
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.02 e - - -0.02
Energy ind. own use -2.83 -0.10 -9.48 -2.72 - - - - -5.33 -0.02 -20.48
Losses - - - - - - - - -4.39 - -4.39
TFC 31.80 0.37 185.73 33.33 - - 0.71 2.75 86.97 0.60 342.27
INDUSTRY 30.86 0.03 26.01 7.74 - - - 2.73 30.21 - 97.59
Iron and steel 13.68 e - 1.72 2.07 - - - - 6.18 - 23.65
Chemical and petrochem. 3.23 0.03 9.71 1.04 - - - 0.00 4.78 - 18.79
Non-ferrous metals 0.27 - 0.36 0.06 - - - - 1.53 - 2.21
Non-metallic minerals 4.31 - 1.88 0.31 - - - 0.11 2.02 - 8.63
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery 0.25 - 1.01 1.52 - - - - 7.38 - 10.16
Mining and quarrying 0.01 - 0.15 0.08 - - - - 0.08 - 0.31
Food and tobacco - - 2.13 1.07 - - - - 1.44 - 4.64
Paper, pulp and printing 1.45 - 1.30 0.47 - - - 2.62 2.98 - 8.81
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction 0.00 - 3.26 0.68 - - - - 0.08 - 4.02
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 7.66 - 4.50 0.46 - - - - 3.76 - 16.37
TRANSPORT - - 79.65 - - - - - 1.62 - 81.27
Domestic aviation - - 3.68 - - - - - - - 3.68
Road - - 71.97 - - - - - - - 71.97
Rail - - 0.21 - - - - - 1.62 - 1.83
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 3.79 - - - - - - - 3.79
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.54 - 38.92 25.21 - - 0.71 0.02 55.14 0.60 121.14
Residential - - 14.30 9.29 - - 0.49 0.02 25.03 0.03 49.16
Comm. and public services 0.54 - 20.58 15.92 - - 0.13 - 29.86 0.57 67.60
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.92 - - - 0.09 - 0.08 - 2.09
Fishing - - 2.12 - - - - - - - 2.12
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.17 - 0.17
NON-ENERGY USE 0.39 0.34 41.14 0.38 - - - - - - 42.26
in industry/transf./energy 0.39 0.34 40.37 0.38 - - - - - - 41.49
of which: feedstocks 0.39 0.34 34.29 0.38 - - - - - - 35.41
in transport - - 0.78 - - - - - - - 0.78
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 310.78 46.45 109.80 289.92 263.83 74.01 7.68 e 23.01 - - 1125.49
Electricity plants 310.78 46.45 109.80 289.92 263.83 74.01 7.68 e 23.01 - - 1125.49
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat generated - PJ 0.52 - 0.41 15.86 - - - 5.48 3.70 - 25.97
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants 0.52 - 0.41 15.86 - - - 5.48 3.70 - 25.97

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.89

Japan : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 0.77 - 3.56 67.27 6.56 3.50 e 7.01 - - 88.66
Imports 114.85 201.87 42.61 79.88 - - - - - - 439.21
Exports -0.66 - -19.66 - - - - - - - -20.32
Intl. marine bunkers - - -5.31 - - - - - - - -5.31
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -5.92 - - - - - - - -5.92
Stock changes -0.68 0.26 -0.34 0.28 - - - 0.00 - - -0.48
TPES 113.50 202.90 11.39 83.71 67.27 6.56 3.50 e 7.01 - - 495.84
Transfers - - -0.02 - - - - - - - -0.02
Statistical differences -6.05 -2.58 -1.25 2.74 - - -0.00 - -0.00 0.01 -7.13
Electricity plants -60.46 -6.91 -19.32 -51.80 -67.27 -6.56 -2.78 e -4.31 92.45 - -126.96
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants -0.01 - -0.01 -0.36 - - - -0.13 -0.10 0.59 -0.02
Blast furnaces -15.91 e - - - - - - - - - -15.91
Gas works - - -1.53 1.01 - - - - - - -0.52
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 0.08 - -0.40 - - - - - - - -0.32
Oil refineries - -198.28 195.92 - - - - - - - -2.36
Petrochemical plants - 5.33 -5.56 - - - - - - - -0.23
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.02 e - - -0.02
Energy ind. own use -2.77 -0.10 -8.55 -2.70 - - - - -5.00 -0.02 -19.14
Losses - - - - - - - - -4.41 - -4.41
TFC 28.39 0.36 170.68 32.61 - - 0.71 2.55 82.94 0.57 318.81
INDUSTRY 27.47 0.02 23.16 7.47 - - - 2.53 26.13 - 86.79
Iron and steel 12.17 e - 1.57 1.88 - - - - 5.43 - 21.04
Chemical and petrochem. 3.00 0.02 7.87 0.96 - - - 0.01 4.40 - 16.25
Non-ferrous metals 0.26 - 0.31 0.05 - - - - 1.43 - 2.05
Non-metallic minerals 4.17 - 1.71 0.37 - - - 0.10 1.95 - 8.30
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery 0.11 - 0.92 1.47 - - - - 6.69 - 9.19
Mining and quarrying 0.01 - 0.14 0.08 - - - - 0.08 - 0.30
Food and tobacco - - 1.88 1.13 - - - - 1.45 - 4.46
Paper, pulp and printing 1.46 - 1.29 0.44 - - - 2.42 2.79 - 8.40
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction 0.00 - 3.19 0.71 - - - - 0.08 - 3.98
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 6.30 - 4.27 0.40 - - - - 1.85 - 12.81
TRANSPORT - - 76.41 - - - - - 1.62 - 78.03
Domestic aviation - - 3.47 - - - - - - - 3.47
Road - - 69.08 - - - - - - - 69.08
Rail - - 0.21 - - - - - 1.62 - 1.83
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 3.64 - - - - - - - 3.64
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.52 - 35.39 24.78 - - 0.71 0.02 55.19 0.57 117.20
Residential - - 13.21 9.07 - - 0.49 0.02 24.74 0.03 47.56
Comm. and public services 0.52 - 18.61 15.72 - - 0.13 - 30.18 0.54 65.71
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.70 - - - 0.09 - 0.08 - 1.86
Fishing - - 1.87 - - - - - - - 1.87
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.19 - 0.19
NON-ENERGY USE 0.39 0.34 35.72 0.35 - - - - - - 36.80
in industry/transf./energy 0.39 0.34 34.95 0.35 - - - - - - 36.02
of which: feedstocks 0.39 0.34 29.38 0.35 - - - - - - 30.46
in transport - - 0.78 - - - - - - - 0.78
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 288.25 35.14 104.04 283.15 258.13 76.24 7.63 e 22.39 - - 1074.96
Electricity plants 288.25 35.14 104.04 283.15 258.13 76.24 7.63 e 22.39 - - 1074.96
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat generated - PJ 0.50 - 0.36 14.89 - - - 5.23 3.63 - 24.61
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants 0.50 - 0.36 14.89 - - - 5.23 3.63 - 24.61

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.90 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Japan

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 0.72 - 3.42 72.90 6.53 3.68 6.00 - - 93.25
Imports 102.24 184.02 40.85 77.79 - - - - - - 404.90
Exports -0.66 - -17.38 - - - - - - - -18.04
Intl. marine bunkers - - -4.71 - - - - - - - -4.71
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -5.27 - - - - - - - -5.27
Stock changes 0.28 2.33 1.48 -0.54 - - - - - - 3.55
TPES 101.87 187.07 14.97 80.66 72.90 6.53 3.68 6.00 - - 473.69
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 295.12 16.42 73.86 273.73 279.75 75.95 8.57 16.32 - - 1039.72
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.30 16.59 - - - 4.14 3.90 - 24.93

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 47.0 35.8 43.3 75.2 105.8 90.6 88.7 93.3
Net imports (Mtoe) 35.6 253.0 318.8 377.7 429.0 436.3 418.9 386.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 80.8 267.5 344.5 439.3 519.0 515.3 495.8 473.7
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 29.5 219.8 251.7 263.3 270.0 240.1 224.8 207.5
Oil supply (Mtoe) 27.7 198.9 233.7 250.4 255.2 229.8 214.3 202.0
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 102.7 361.0 550.9 801.3 1011.6 1084.7 1030.7 995.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 669.8 e 1894.9 2800.6 4122.4 4667.5 5202.7 5166.3 4912.5
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 466.4 e 1319.6 1950.3 2870.7 3250.3 3623.0 3597.6 3420.9
Population (millions) 93.66 e 104.98 117.06 123.61 126.93 127.77 127.69 127.28
Industrial production index (2005=100) 12.40 45.10 65.80 96.90 98.40 107.20 103.80 81.70

Total self-sufficiency** 0.5812 0.1338 0.1257 0.1712 0.2039 0.1758 0.1788 0.1969
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.8586 0.4187 0.1831 0.0583 0.0159 - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0184 0.0043 0.0024 0.0028 0.0030 0.0035 0.0036 0.0036
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.0028 0.6474 0.0905 0.0434 0.0348 0.0431 0.0425 0.0423

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1207 e 0.1412 0.1230 0.1066 0.1112 0.0990 0.0960 0.0964
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1733 e 0.2027 0.1767 0.1530 0.1597 0.1422 0.1378 0.1385
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.8631 e 2.5483 2.9431 3.5540 4.0886 4.0332 3.8831 3.7217

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0440 e 0.1160 0.0899 0.0639 0.0579 0.0461 0.0435 0.0422
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0413 e 0.1049 0.0834 0.0607 0.0547 0.0442 0.0415 0.0411
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.2952 e 1.8941 1.9962 2.0258 2.0107 1.7988 1.6782 1.5874

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1533 e 0.1905 0.1967 0.1944 0.2167 0.2085 0.1995 0.2026
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1097 e 3439 4707 6482 7970 8490 8072 7818

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 208.40 193.29 130.08 101.50 102.79 93.52 85.29 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 126.84 255.46 143.87 101.44 107.46 87.99 79.59 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.91

Japan
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
120 600 100%

90%
100 500
80%

70%
80 400
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
60 300 50%

40%
40 200
30%

20%
20 100
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
70% 160

140
60%

120
50%
100
40%
Mtoe

80
30%
60

20%
40

10% 20

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


1200 300

1000 250

800 200
1971=100
TWh

600 150

400 100

200 50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.92 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Korea : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.33 0.58 - 0.32 37.25 0.31 0.08 2.72 - 0.02 42.60
Imports 54.50 120.85 24.36 29.91 - - - 0.03 - - 229.65
Exports - -0.03 -39.32 - - - - - - - -39.34
Intl. marine bunkers - - -9.68 - - - - - - - -9.68
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.17 - - - - - - - -3.17
Stock changes 0.31 0.67 0.18 0.93 - - - -0.00 - - 2.08
TPES 56.14 122.07 -27.62 31.15 37.25 0.31 0.08 2.75 - 0.02 222.15
Transfers - -1.71 1.79 - - - - - - - 0.08
Statistical differences 0.20 -0.34 -0.08 0.16 - - - 0.00 -0.05 0.00 -0.11
Electricity plants -34.17 - -4.14 -10.83 -37.25 -0.31 -0.04 -0.09 33.48 -0.02 e -53.37
CHP plants -3.99 - -2.37 -3.50 - - - -0.23 3.15 4.39 -2.54
Heat plants - - -0.52 -0.06 - - - -0.18 - 0.33 e -0.43
Blast furnaces -6.13 e - - - - - - - - - -6.13
Gas works - - -0.08 0.05 - - - - - - -0.03
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -1.26 - - - - - - - - - -1.26
Oil refineries - -127.67 126.35 - - - - - - - -1.32
Petrochemical plants - 7.68 -7.43 - - - - - - - 0.25
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -1.84 -0.03 -5.08 -0.16 - - - - -1.62 .. -8.73
Losses - - - - - - - - -1.32 -0.14 -1.46
TFC 8.95 - 80.81 16.81 - - 0.04 2.25 33.64 4.59 147.10
INDUSTRY 7.57 - 7.30 4.71 - - 0.00 1.78 17.25 3.00 41.61
Iron and steel 3.29 e - 0.48 1.10 - - - 0.13 4.13 - 9.13
Chemical and petrochem. 0.08 - 1.54 0.68 - - - 0.13 3.53 2.04 8.01
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.12 0.13 - - - 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.34
Non-metallic minerals 2.97 - 0.98 0.46 - - - 0.42 0.97 - 5.79
Transport equipment - - 0.17 0.58 - - - - 1.47 - 2.22
Machinery - - 0.38 0.43 - - - 0.01 3.98 0.06 4.86
Mining and quarrying - - 0.06 - - - - - 0.13 - 0.18
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.48 0.36 - - - 0.02 0.68 - 1.56
Paper, pulp and printing 0.02 - 0.74 0.12 - - - 0.29 0.88 0.17 2.21
Wood and wood products - - 0.03 0.04 - - - 0.08 0.14 - 0.28
Construction - - 0.77 0.00 - - - - - - 0.77
Textile and leather 0.16 - 0.67 0.28 - - - 0.02 1.11 0.70 2.94
Non-specified 1.02 e - 0.88 0.54 - - 0.00 0.68 0.20 - 3.32
TRANSPORT - - 29.35 0.58 - - - 0.08 0.21 - 30.21
Domestic aviation - - 1.04 - - - - - - - 1.04
Road - - 27.12 0.58 - - - 0.08 - - 27.78
Rail - - 0.22 - - - - - 0.21 - 0.43
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.84 - - - - - - - 0.84
Non-specified - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
OTHER 1.00 - 9.95 11.52 - - 0.04 0.39 16.19 1.59 40.68
Residential 1.00 - 3.10 8.22 - - 0.02 0.04 4.66 1.39 18.45
Comm. and public services - - 3.64 3.29 - - 0.02 0.35 10.85 0.20 18.35
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.27 0.00 - - - - 0.52 - 1.79
Fishing - - 0.98 - - - - - 0.15 - 1.14
Non-specified - - 0.94 - - - - - - - 0.94
NON-ENERGY USE 0.38 - 34.22 - - - - - - - 34.60
in industry/transf./energy 0.38 e - 33.67 - - - - - - - 34.05
of which: feedstocks 0.38 e - 32.27 - - - - - - - 32.65
in transport - - 0.48 - - - - - - - 0.48
in other - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 170.70 - 25.18 82.36 142.94 3.63 0.45 0.57 - 0.06 425.91
Electricity plants 155.17 - 20.05 66.62 142.94 3.63 0.45 0.35 - 0.06 389.27
CHP plants 15.54 - 5.13 15.74 - - - 0.23 - - 36.63
Heat generated - PJ 33.80 - 105.21 48.07 - - - 10.87 - 0.69 198.64
CHP plants 33.80 - 101.01 45.88 - - - 3.36 - - 184.04
Heat plants - - 4.20 2.19 - - - 7.51 - 0.69 e 14.60

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.93

Korea : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.28 0.54 - 0.19 39.34 0.26 0.11 2.97 - 0.04 44.73
Imports 61.51 118.86 26.34 33.34 - - - 0.03 - - 240.07
Exports - -0.24 -44.71 - - - - - - - -44.95
Intl. marine bunkers - - -9.13 - - - - - - - -9.13
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.81 - - - - - - - -3.81
Stock changes -0.02 0.90 0.88 -1.72 - - - - - - 0.04
TPES 62.77 120.05 -30.43 31.81 39.34 0.26 0.11 3.00 - 0.04 226.95
Transfers - -2.38 2.47 - - - - - - - 0.09
Statistical differences 0.09 -0.02 -0.41 0.05 - - - -0.00 -0.11 0.00 -0.38
Electricity plants -38.64 - -2.42 -10.51 -39.34 -0.26 -0.06 -0.10 34.86 -0.01 e -56.49
CHP plants -4.34 - -1.54 -3.72 - - - -0.26 3.31 4.46 -2.09
Heat plants - - -0.37 -0.06 - - - -0.21 - 0.32 e -0.32
Blast furnaces -6.57 e - - - - - - - - - -6.57
Gas works - - -0.22 0.20 - - - - - - -0.01
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -1.32 - - - - - - - - - -1.32
Oil refineries - -125.19 123.62 - - - - - - - -1.57
Petrochemical plants - 7.57 -7.33 - - - - - - - 0.23
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -2.01 -0.03 -5.60 -0.20 - - - - -1.67 .. -9.51
Losses - - - - - - - - -1.39 -0.08 -1.47
TFC 9.98 - 77.77 17.58 - - 0.04 2.43 35.02 4.72 147.54
INDUSTRY 8.49 - 6.46 5.47 - - 0.00 1.89 17.88 2.99 43.18
Iron and steel 4.47 e - 0.42 1.32 - - - 0.11 3.81 - 10.14
Chemical and petrochem. 0.08 - 1.26 0.99 - - - 0.12 3.61 1.87 7.93
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.10 0.15 - - - 0.00 0.55 0.07 0.87
Non-metallic minerals 3.08 - 0.91 0.41 - - - 0.63 1.00 - 6.03
Transport equipment - - 0.23 0.52 - - - - 1.53 - 2.28
Machinery - - 0.35 0.65 - - - 0.01 4.32 0.05 5.37
Mining and quarrying - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.12 - 0.17
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.33 0.42 - - - 0.02 0.67 0.13 1.59
Paper, pulp and printing 0.02 - 0.58 0.17 - - - 0.27 0.86 0.31 2.21
Wood and wood products - - 0.03 0.04 - - - 0.06 0.14 - 0.27
Construction - - 0.75 0.00 - - - - - - 0.75
Textile and leather 0.11 - 0.51 0.40 - - - 0.01 1.07 0.57 2.66
Non-specified 0.70 - 0.95 0.41 - - 0.00 0.66 0.20 - 2.91
TRANSPORT - - 27.78 0.71 - - - 0.15 0.19 - 28.83
Domestic aviation - - 0.28 - - - - - - - 0.28
Road - - 26.31 0.71 - - - 0.15 - - 27.18
Rail - - 0.21 - - - - - 0.19 - 0.41
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
Domestic navigation - - 0.87 - - - - - - - 0.87
Non-specified - - 0.10 - - - - - - - 0.10
OTHER 1.05 - 9.20 11.39 - - 0.04 0.39 16.95 1.73 40.75
Residential 1.05 - 3.15 8.23 - - 0.02 0.03 4.84 1.47 18.79
Comm. and public services - - 3.31 3.15 - - 0.02 0.36 11.39 0.26 18.49
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.13 0.01 - - - - 0.56 - 1.70
Fishing - - 0.75 - - - - - 0.16 - 0.91
Non-specified - - 0.85 - - - - - - - 0.85
NON-ENERGY USE 0.44 - 34.33 - - - - - - - 34.77
in industry/transf./energy 0.44 - 33.68 - - - - - - - 34.12
of which: feedstocks 0.44 - 32.39 - - - - - - - 32.84
in transport - - 0.58 - - - - - - - 0.58
in other - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 191.76 - 15.35 81.33 150.96 3.07 0.74 0.67 - 0.06 443.94
Electricity plants 173.96 - 11.58 64.56 150.96 3.07 0.74 0.47 - 0.04 405.38
CHP plants 17.80 - 3.78 16.78 - - - 0.19 - 0.02 38.56
Heat generated - PJ 42.01 - 86.93 57.13 - - - 13.83 - 1.76 201.65
CHP plants 42.01 - 84.82 54.64 - - - 5.22 - 1.16 187.85
Heat plants - - 2.11 2.49 - - - 8.61 - 0.60 e 13.80

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.94 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Korea

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.16 0.69 - 0.45 38.51 0.24 0.19 3.18 - 0.04 44.46
Imports 62.91 118.11 31.70 29.31 - - - - - - 242.02
Exports - -0.32 -44.11 - - - - - - - -44.43
Intl. marine bunkers - - -8.29 - - - - - - - -8.29
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.83 - - - - - - - -3.83
Stock changes 0.22 -2.50 0.05 1.05 - - - - - - -1.18
TPES 64.29 115.98 -24.49 30.81 38.51 0.24 0.19 3.18 - 0.04 228.75
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 207.67 - 14.22 68.40 147.77 2.81 1.69 0.56 - 0.06 443.17
Heat generated - PJ 42.01 - 56.59 41.45 - - - 11.42 - 1.76 153.23

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 6.4 9.3 22.6 32.6 42.6 44.7 44.5
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 10.6 30.8 70.2 165.0 190.3 195.1 197.6
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 17.0 41.2 93.1 185.7 222.2 227.0 228.8
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 10.7 27.3 51.7 109.5 105.9 100.2 105.4
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 10.6 26.7 49.7 99.0 94.5 89.6 91.5
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 9.7 34.8 e 101.7 277.7 412.0 430.3 429.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 28.9 e 68.9 128.0 295.6 533.4 734.5 750.8 765.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 43.9 e 104.5 194.3 448.6 809.4 1114.6 1139.4 1162.0
Population (millions) 25.01 e 32.88 38.12 42.87 47.01 48.46 48.61 48.67
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 10.53 31.70 74.30 115.90 119.90 118.90

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.3758 0.2250 0.2430 0.1756 0.1918 0.1971 0.1944


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.9990 0.6077 0.2964 0.0454 0.0236 0.0203 0.0180
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - 0.0068 0.0061 0.0060 0.0076
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - 0.0102 0.0061 0.0146

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2464 0.3219 0.3149 0.3481 0.3025 0.3023 0.2987
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1623 0.2121 0.2075 0.2294 0.1993 0.1992 0.1969
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 0.5161 1.0810 2.1714 3.9495 4.5845 4.6690 4.7003

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1558 0.2131 0.1750 0.2053 0.1441 0.1335 0.1376
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1537 0.2082 0.1682 0.1857 0.1286 0.1194 0.1195
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 0.3220 0.6990 1.1601 2.1069 1.9492 1.8438 1.8799

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.1411 0.2721 e 0.3442 0.5206 0.5609 0.5731 0.5614
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 296 914 e 2373 5907 8502 8853 8833

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 185.49 119.83 122.49 95.36 94.18 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 254.07 147.72 127.03 93.92 88.96 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.95

Korea
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
50 250 100%

45 90%

40 200 80%

35 70%

30 150 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
25 50%
20 100 40%
15 30%
10 50 20%
5 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 90

80
100%
70

80% 60

50
Mtoe

60%
40

40% 30

20
20%
10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


500 3500
450
3000
400
350 2500

300
2000
1971=100
TWh

250
1500
200
150 1000
100
500
50
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.96 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Luxembourg : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.06 - - 0.08
Imports 0.08 - 2.89 1.20 - - - 0.04 0.59 - 4.79
Exports - - -0.01 - - - - - -0.25 - -0.25
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.43 - - - - - - - -0.43
Stock changes - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
TPES 0.08 - 2.48 1.20 - 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.34 - 4.22
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Electricity plants - - - -0.40 - -0.01 -0.01 -0.04 0.24 - -0.22
CHP plants - - - -0.09 - - - -0.01 0.03 0.05 -0.01
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - - - - - - - - - - -
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - - - - - - - -0.03 - -0.03
Losses - - - - - - - - -0.01 - -0.01
TFC 0.08 - 2.48 0.71 - - 0.00 0.05 0.58 0.05 3.96
INDUSTRY 0.08 - 0.08 0.48 - - - - 0.38 0.02 1.03
Iron and steel 0.03 - 0.00 0.21 e - - - - 0.18 - 0.42
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.00 - - - - - - 0.02 0.02
Non-ferrous metals - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.05 - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.05
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery - - - - - - - - - - -
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Food and tobacco - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - - - - - -
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.03 0.26 e - - - - 0.20 - 0.50
TRANSPORT - - 2.14 - - - - 0.04 0.01 - 2.19
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 2.13 - - - - 0.04 - - 2.16
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
OTHER - - 0.25 0.24 - - 0.00 0.02 0.18 0.04 0.73
Residential - - 0.23 0.24 - - 0.00 0.02 0.06 e 0.03 0.58
Comm. and public services - - - - - - - - 0.11 e - 0.11
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.01 e 0.00 0.03
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - - 2.90 - 0.11 0.09 0.10 - - 3.19
Electricity plants - - - 2.53 - 0.11 0.09 0.07 - - 2.79
CHP plants - - - 0.36 - - - 0.04 - - 0.40
Heat generated - PJ - - - 2.07 - - - 0.21 - - 2.28
CHP plants - - - 2.07 - - - 0.21 - - 2.28
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.97

Luxembourg : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.07 - - 0.08
Imports 0.07 - 2.93 1.09 - - - 0.04 0.59 - 4.72
Exports - - -0.01 - - - - - -0.21 - -0.22
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.44 - - - - - - - -0.44
Stock changes - - -0.02 - - - - - - - -0.02
TPES 0.07 - 2.46 1.09 - 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.37 - 4.12
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - - 0.01 - - - - - -0.00 - 0.01
Electricity plants - - - -0.32 - -0.01 -0.01 -0.04 0.20 - -0.18
CHP plants - - - -0.09 - - - -0.01 0.04 0.06 -0.01
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - - - - - - - - - - -
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - - - - - - - -0.03 - -0.03
Losses - - - - - - - - -0.01 - -0.01
TFC 0.07 - 2.47 0.68 - - 0.00 0.05 0.56 0.06 3.90
INDUSTRY 0.07 - 0.07 0.41 - - - - 0.37 0.02 0.94
Iron and steel 0.03 - 0.00 0.18 - - - - 0.16 - 0.38
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.00 - - - - - - 0.02 0.02
Non-ferrous metals - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-metallic minerals 0.04 - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.05
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery - - - - - - - - - - -
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Food and tobacco - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - - - - - -
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.03 0.23 - - - - 0.20 - 0.46
TRANSPORT - - 2.12 - - - - 0.04 0.01 - 2.17
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 2.11 - - - - 0.04 - - 2.15
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
OTHER - - 0.26 0.27 - - 0.00 0.02 0.19 0.04 0.77
Residential - - 0.23 0.27 - - 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.62
Comm. and public services - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.12
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.03
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
of which: feedstocks - - - - - - - - - - -
in transport - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - - 2.40 - 0.13 0.08 0.11 - - 2.72
Electricity plants - - - 2.02 - 0.13 0.08 0.07 - - 2.30
CHP plants - - - 0.38 - - - 0.04 - - 0.42
Heat generated - PJ - - - 2.12 - - - 0.25 - - 2.37
CHP plants - - - 2.12 - - - 0.25 - - 2.37
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.98 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Luxembourg

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.06 - - 0.08
Imports 0.06 - 2.50 1.11 - - - 0.03 0.52 - 4.22
Exports - - -0.00 - - - - - -0.22 - -0.23
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.17 - - - - - - - -0.17
Stock changes - - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.01
TPES 0.06 - 2.32 1.11 - 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.29 - 3.90
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh - - - 2.84 - 0.09 0.08 0.12 - - 3.13
Heat generated - PJ - - - 2.15 - - - 0.35 - - 2.50

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) - - 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Net imports (Mtoe) 3.3 4.1 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.5 4.5 4.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 3.3 4.1 3.6 3.4 3.3 4.2 4.1 3.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 0.2 1.4 1.1 1.6 2.3 2.9 2.9 2.5
Oil supply (Mtoe) 0.2 1.4 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.3
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 1.4 4.1 3.9 5.2 6.8 7.8 7.8 7.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 4.2 e 6.1 7.7 12.4 20.3 27.2 27.2 26.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 4.8 e 7.0 8.8 14.3 23.4 31.4 31.4 30.9
Population (millions) 0.31 e 0.34 0.36 0.38 0.44 0.48 0.49 0.50
Industrial production index (2005=100) 36.40 45.80 46.40 66.50 83.70 101.90 96.30 80.50

Total self-sufficiency** 0.0005 0.0012 0.0083 0.0090 0.0171 0.0193 0.0205 0.0206
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.7880 e 0.6678 0.4653 0.2752 0.1636 0.1553 0.1515 0.1455
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.6824 e 0.5782 0.4029 0.2383 0.1417 0.1344 0.1312 0.1262
TPES/population (toe per capita) 10.5224 e 11.8777 9.7787 8.9335 7.5547 8.7911 8.4228 7.8283

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0548 e 0.2312 0.1443 0.1310 0.1155 0.1059 0.1075 0.0932
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0540 e 0.2254 0.1356 0.1195 0.0973 0.0913 0.0904 0.0866
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.7210 e 4.0097 2.8498 3.8791 4.4920 5.1680 5.0276 4.6598

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.3406 e 0.6683 0.5134 0.4209 0.3333 0.2881 0.2857 0.2669
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 4548 e 11886 10789 13662 15390 16315 15883 14357

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 358.94 412.98 374.73 210.91 120.10 106.24 102.71 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 147.87 1521.02 434.18 433.44 100.28 86.74 87.58 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.99

Luxembourg
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
0.09 5 100%

0.08 4.5 90%

0.07 4 80%

3.5 70%
0.06
3 60%
0.05
Mtoe

Mtoe
2.5 50%
0.04
2 40%
0.03
1.5 30%
0.02 1 20%
0.01 0.5
05 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
3% 2.5

2% 2

2% 1.5
Mtoe

1% 1

1% 0.5

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


4 160

3.5
35 140

3 120

2.5 100
1971=100
TWh

2 80

1.5 60

1 40

0.5 20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.100 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Mexico : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 6.00 179.60 - 39.04 2.72 2.35 6.50 8.25 - - 244.44
Imports 2.85 0.56 24.35 9.35 - - - - 0.02 - 37.12
Exports -0.01 -93.35 -5.80 -1.23 - - - - -0.12 - -100.51
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.87 - - - - - - - -0.87
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.32 - - - - - - - -3.32
Stock changes 0.25 -0.23 -0.56 -0.05 - - - - - - -0.58
TPES 9.10 86.57 13.80 47.11 2.72 2.35 6.50 8.25 -0.10 - 176.29
Transfers - -11.46 12.68 - - - - - - - 1.22
Statistical differences 0.71 -0.31 -0.15 - - - - - - - 0.25
Electricity plants -7.61 - -13.94 -22.39 -2.72 -2.35 -6.39 -1.13 22.66 - -33.86
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.11 - - - - - - - - - -0.11
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.08 - - - - - - - - - -0.08
Oil refineries - -74.80 69.63 - - - - - - - -5.17
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.03 - -6.86 -12.19 - - - - -2.06 - -21.14
Losses - - - - - - - - -3.61 - -3.61
TFC 1.98 - 75.15 12.53 - - 0.11 7.12 16.89 - 113.79
INDUSTRY 1.98 - 7.75 8.82 - - - 1.18 9.88 - 29.61
Iron and steel 1.67 - 0.24 2.56 - - - - 0.72 - 5.20
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.74 1.74 - - - - 0.51 - 3.00
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.15 0.02 - - - - 0.08 - 0.25
Non-metallic minerals 0.14 - 3.44 1.08 - - - - 0.59 - 5.25
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.04 - - - - 0.18 - 0.23
Machinery - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Mining and quarrying 0.17 - 0.35 0.68 - - - - 0.54 - 1.73
Food and tobacco - - 0.63 0.24 - - - 1.18 0.18 - 2.22
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.31 0.58 - - - - 0.26 - 1.15
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.25 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.29
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 1.58 1.88 - - - - 6.79 - 10.25
TRANSPORT - - 49.50 0.02 - - - - 0.10 - 49.61
Domestic aviation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Road - - 48.01 0.02 - - - - - - 48.02
Rail - - 0.61 - - - - - 0.10 - 0.72
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.85 - - - - - - - 0.85
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 11.02 0.95 - - 0.11 5.95 6.91 - 24.94
Residential - - 6.82 0.75 - - - 5.95 4.29 - 17.80
Comm. and public services - - 1.57 0.20 - - 0.11 - 1.89 - 3.77
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.64 - - - - - 0.73 - 3.37
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 6.88 2.74 - - - - - - 9.63
in industry/transf./energy - - 6.88 2.74 - - - - - - 9.63
of which: feedstocks - - 4.74 2.74 - - - - - - 7.48
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 31.56 - 58.25 125.61 10.42 27.28 7.68 2.67 - - 263.47
Electricity plants 31.56 - 58.25 125.61 10.42 27.28 7.68 2.67 - - 263.47
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.101

Mexico : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 5.50 168.93 - 38.78 2.55 3.37 6.22 8.24 - - 233.60
Imports 2.34 0.47 26.99 11.56 - - - - 0.03 - 41.39
Exports -0.00 -80.80 -6.78 -0.89 - - - - -0.12 - -88.61
Intl. marine bunkers - - -1.03 - - - - - - - -1.03
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.18 - - - - - - - -3.18
Stock changes -0.32 -0.66 -0.22 -0.36 - - - - - - -1.57
TPES 7.52 87.93 15.78 49.08 2.55 3.37 6.22 8.24 -0.09 - 180.61
Transfers - -10.62 11.76 - - - - - - - 1.14
Statistical differences 0.15 -0.42 -1.87 - - - - - - - -2.14
Electricity plants -5.31 - -11.42 -23.57 -2.55 -3.37 -6.09 -1.04 22.27 - -31.08
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.16 - - - - - - - - - -0.16
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.09 - - - - - - - - - -0.09
Oil refineries - -76.90 68.80 - - - - - - - -8.10
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.03 - -6.79 -13.00 - - - - -1.26 - -21.08
Losses - - - - - - - - -3.70 - -3.70
TFC 2.10 - 76.25 12.50 - - 0.13 7.20 17.21 - 115.40
INDUSTRY 2.10 - 6.82 8.63 - - - 1.36 10.56 - 29.47
Iron and steel 1.79 - 0.22 2.80 - - - - 0.73 - 5.54
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.71 1.69 - - - - 0.45 - 2.85
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.17 0.02 - - - - 0.07 - 0.27
Non-metallic minerals 0.14 - 2.82 1.07 - - - - 0.49 - 4.52
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.04 - - - - 0.17 - 0.23
Machinery - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05
Mining and quarrying 0.17 - 0.34 0.68 - - - - 0.50 - 1.69
Food and tobacco - - 0.46 0.24 - - - 1.36 0.16 - 2.22
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.29 0.57 - - - - 0.24 - 1.10
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.25 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.29
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 1.50 1.51 - - - - 7.71 - 10.71
TRANSPORT - - 51.71 0.01 - - - - 0.10 - 51.82
Domestic aviation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Road - - 50.23 0.01 - - - - - - 50.24
Rail - - 0.58 - - - - - 0.10 - 0.67
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.89 - - - - - - - 0.89
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 10.95 0.95 - - 0.13 5.84 6.56 - 24.44
Residential - - 6.72 0.74 - - - 5.84 4.08 - 17.38
Comm. and public services - - 1.50 0.21 - - 0.13 - 1.78 - 3.63
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.73 - - - - - 0.70 - 3.43
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 6.77 2.90 - - - - - - 9.67
in industry/transf./energy - - 6.77 2.90 - - - - - - 9.67
of which: feedstocks - - 4.46 2.90 - - - - - - 7.36
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 21.41 - 49.31 131.08 9.80 39.18 7.33 0.80 - - 258.91
Electricity plants 21.41 - 49.31 131.08 9.80 39.18 7.33 0.80 - - 258.91
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.102 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Mexico

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 5.06 157.32 - 40.19 2.74 2.29 5.97 8.56 - - 222.14
Imports 2.97 0.54 24.69 9.80 - - - - 0.03 - 38.02
Exports - -70.22 -10.18 -0.70 - - - - -0.11 - -81.21
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.81 - - - - - - - -0.81
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -2.65 - - - - - - - -2.65
Stock changes 0.84 0.45 0.35 -0.35 - - - - - - 1.30
TPES 8.88 88.10 11.39 48.94 2.74 2.29 5.97 8.56 -0.08 - 176.79
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 29.40 - 45.49 132.84 10.50 26.68 7.00 0.87 - - 252.77
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 43.4 147.0 193.4 222.2 244.4 233.6 222.1
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 0.3 -49.4 -69.9 -71.6 -63.4 -47.2 -43.2
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 43.0 95.1 121.3 144.8 176.3 180.6 176.8
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 0.6 -47.6 -70.4 -75.6 -74.2 -60.1 -55.2
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 25.5 64.5 80.3 90.2 100.4 103.7 99.5
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 26.9 60.1 99.5 168.7 220.4 214.8 208.9

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 104.1 e 208.0 378.4 452.6 636.7 759.0 769.3 713.0
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 161.4 e 322.5 586.6 701.6 987.1 1176.7 1192.6 1105.4
Population (millions) 34.58 e 49.88 65.70 81.25 98.26 105.68 106.57 107.47
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 56.34 67.10 99.63 107.81 107.20 99.39

Total self-sufficiency** .. 1.0088 1.5458 1.5951 1.5344 1.3866 1.2934 1.2565


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.8226 0.7322 0.9771 0.7909 0.6596 0.7315 0.5704
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 1.0071 1.7787 1.9032 1.8964 1.7893 1.6288 1.5813
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 1.0547 1.1264 0.9840 0.9322 0.8286 0.7901 0.8212

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.2066 0.2514 0.2680 0.2274 0.2323 0.2348 0.2479
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1333 0.1622 0.1728 0.1467 0.1498 0.1514 0.1599
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 0.8618 1.4478 1.4925 1.4736 1.6682 1.6947 1.6450

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.0026 -0.1257 -0.1555 -0.1187 -0.0978 -0.0782 -0.0774
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.1225 0.1703 0.1774 0.1417 0.1322 0.1348 0.1395
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 0.5107 0.9810 0.9879 0.9183 0.9498 0.9732 0.9258

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.1295 0.1589 0.2198 0.2649 0.2903 0.2792 0.2929
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 540 915 1224 1717 2085 2016 1944

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 130.73 142.04 103.78 98.51 98.83 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 111.10 143.24 103.43 93.38 87.19 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.103

Mexico
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
300 200 100%

180 90%
250
160 80%

140 70%
200
120 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
150 100 50%
80 40%
100
60 30%
40 20%
50
20 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
300% 60

250% 50

200% 40
Mtoe

150% 30

100% 20

50% 10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


300 450

400
250
350

200 300
1971=100

250
TWh

150
200

100 150

100
50
50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.104 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Netherlands : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 2.86 - 54.43 1.09 0.01 0.33 2.46 - - 61.18
Imports 16.30 62.12 64.88 18.69 - - - 0.67 1.99 - 164.66
Exports -7.43 -2.97 -74.87 -39.88 - - - -0.33 -0.48 - -125.96
Intl. marine bunkers - - -15.82 - - - - - - - -15.82
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.67 - - - - - - - -3.67
Stock changes -0.36 -0.33 0.58 0.02 - - - -0.07 - - -0.16
TPES 8.51 61.68 -28.89 33.26 1.09 0.01 0.33 2.73 1.51 - 80.24
Transfers - -2.38 2.61 - - - - - - - 0.23
Statistical differences 0.00 0.07 -1.89 - - - - 0.00 0.00 - -1.83
Electricity plants -3.28 - - -3.10 -1.09 -0.01 -0.31 -0.58 3.96 - -4.42
CHP plants -2.51 - -0.58 -7.99 - - - -1.22 5.09 2.97 -4.24
Heat plants - - - -0.25 - - - -0.17 - 0.36 -0.06
Blast furnaces -1.41 e - - - - - - - - - -1.41
Gas works - - -0.08 0.08 - - - -0.01 - - -0.01
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.13 - - - - - - - - - -0.13
Oil refineries - -58.91 58.57 - - - - - - - -0.34
Petrochemical plants - 3.42 -3.62 - - - - - - - -0.21
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 - -0.18 -0.18
Energy ind. own use -0.19 - -2.52 -1.41 - - - - -0.83 -0.17 -5.12
Losses - - - - - - - - -0.40 -0.50 -0.90
TFC 0.98 3.88 23.59 20.60 - - 0.02 0.75 9.33 2.48 61.63
INDUSTRY 0.63 1.25 0.33 5.38 - - - 0.13 3.64 1.54 12.90
Iron and steel 0.56 e - 0.01 0.26 - - - - 0.24 0.00 1.06
Chemical and petrochem. - 1.25 0.13 1.89 - - - 0.00 1.12 1.01 5.41
Non-ferrous metals - - - 0.11 - - - - 0.52 0.03 0.65
Non-metallic minerals 0.05 - 0.03 0.57 - - - - 0.13 0.00 0.78
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.05 - - - - 0.05 0.00 0.11
Machinery - - 0.01 0.28 - - - - 0.25 0.01 0.55
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.01 0.11 - - - - 0.04 0.17 0.34
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.02 1.31 - - - 0.02 0.62 0.11 2.10
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.00 0.43 - - - 0.00 0.32 0.18 0.93
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.07
Construction - - 0.11 0.09 - - - 0.00 0.04 - 0.24
Textile and leather - - - 0.08 - - - - 0.03 0.00 0.12
Non-specified - - 0.01 0.19 - - - 0.08 0.24 0.01 0.54
TRANSPORT - - 11.52 0.00 - - - 0.33 0.14 - 11.98
Domestic aviation - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
Road - - 11.19 0.00 - - - 0.33 e 0.00 - 11.52
Rail - - 0.03 - - - - - 0.13 - 0.17
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.24 - - - - - - - 0.24
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.03 - 1.13 13.03 - - 0.02 0.29 5.55 0.94 21.00
Residential 0.00 - 0.06 6.63 - - 0.02 0.23 2.09 0.20 9.23
Comm. and public services 0.03 - 0.51 4.35 - - 0.00 0.04 3.03 0.56 8.52
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.49 2.05 - - - 0.02 0.44 0.18 3.18
Fishing - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.32 2.63 10.61 2.19 - - - - - - 15.75
in industry/transf./energy 0.32 2.63 10.41 2.19 - - - - - - 15.55
of which: feedstocks 0.10 2.63 9.00 2.19 - - - - - - 13.92
in transport - - 0.08 - - - - - - - 0.08
in other - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 28.46 - 2.22 60.96 4.20 0.11 3.65 5.57 - - 105.16
Electricity plants 16.13 - - 20.19 4.20 0.11 3.65 1.75 - - 46.02
CHP plants 12.33 - 2.22 40.77 - - - 3.82 - - 59.14
Heat generated - PJ 18.72 - 7.84 103.32 - - - 9.67 - - 139.55
CHP plants 18.72 - 7.84 93.57 - - - 4.33 - - 124.46
Heat plants - - - 9.75 - - - 5.34 - - 15.09

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.105

Netherlands : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 2.43 - 59.88 1.09 0.01 0.41 2.73 - - 66.54
Imports 13.18 61.30 69.57 18.96 - - - 0.84 2.15 - 165.99
Exports -4.61 -2.90 -78.95 -44.22 - - - -0.39 -0.78 - -131.85
Intl. marine bunkers - - -15.26 - - - - - - - -15.26
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.72 - - - - - - - -3.72
Stock changes -0.48 0.45 -1.92 0.03 - - - -0.10 - - -2.02
TPES 8.08 61.28 -30.27 34.65 1.09 0.01 0.41 3.08 1.36 - 79.68
Transfers - -1.06 1.29 - - - - - - - 0.23
Statistical differences 0.00 - -1.72 0.00 - - - 0.00 - - -1.71
Electricity plants -3.10 - - -3.06 -1.09 -0.01 -0.38 -0.74 3.95 - -4.43
CHP plants -2.38 - -0.59 -8.43 - - - -1.42 5.30 2.91 -4.59
Heat plants - - - -0.24 - - - -0.18 - 0.37 -0.06
Blast furnaces -1.31 - - - - - - - - - -1.31
Gas works - - -0.14 0.12 - - - -0.01 - - -0.02
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.15 - - - - - - - - - -0.15
Oil refineries - -58.98 58.88 - - - - - - - -0.10
Petrochemical plants - 2.08 -2.27 - - - - - - - -0.18
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - -0.00 - -0.33 -0.34
Energy ind. own use -0.19 - -2.40 -1.47 - - - - -0.83 -0.17 -5.06
Losses - - - - - - - - -0.40 -0.49 -0.89
TFC 0.95 3.33 22.78 21.57 - - 0.02 0.72 9.39 2.28 61.04
INDUSTRY 0.58 0.73 0.26 5.28 - - - 0.14 3.62 1.32 11.92
Iron and steel 0.51 - 0.00 0.26 - - - - 0.23 0.00 1.01
Chemical and petrochem. - 0.73 0.06 1.84 - - - 0.00 1.09 0.85 4.57
Non-ferrous metals - - - 0.10 - - - - 0.55 0.03 0.68
Non-metallic minerals 0.04 - 0.03 0.56 - - - - 0.13 0.00 0.76
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.06 - - - - 0.06 0.00 0.14
Machinery - - 0.02 0.28 - - - - 0.29 0.01 0.59
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.01 0.09 - - - - 0.03 0.09 0.22
Food and tobacco 0.03 - 0.00 1.29 - - - 0.02 0.59 0.12 2.05
Paper, pulp and printing - - - 0.40 - - - 0.00 0.32 0.19 0.91
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.06
Construction - - 0.12 0.10 - - - 0.00 0.04 - 0.26
Textile and leather - - - 0.08 - - - - 0.03 0.00 0.11
Non-specified - - 0.02 0.19 - - - 0.08 0.24 0.01 0.55
TRANSPORT - - 11.68 0.00 - - - 0.29 0.14 - 12.11
Domestic aviation - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05
Road - - 11.36 0.00 - - - 0.29 0.00 - 11.65
Rail - - 0.03 - - - - - 0.14 - 0.17
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.24 - - - - - - - 0.24
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.02 - 1.16 14.30 - - 0.02 0.30 5.62 0.97 22.39
Residential 0.01 - 0.06 7.10 - - 0.02 0.23 2.13 0.24 9.79
Comm. and public services 0.01 - 0.56 5.68 - - 0.00 0.04 2.82 0.55 9.66
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.49 1.52 - - 0.00 0.03 0.67 0.18 2.89
Fishing - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.35 2.60 9.68 1.99 - - - - - - 14.62
in industry/transf./energy 0.35 2.60 9.43 1.99 - - - - - - 14.38
of which: feedstocks 0.11 2.60 7.96 1.99 - - - - - - 12.66
in transport - - 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.09
in other - - 0.16 - - - - - - - 0.16

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 26.80 - 2.07 63.42 4.17 0.10 4.45 6.64 - - 107.65
Electricity plants 15.17 - - 19.60 4.17 0.10 4.45 2.48 - - 45.96
CHP plants 11.63 - 2.07 43.82 - - - 4.17 - - 61.69
Heat generated - PJ 17.64 - 8.22 101.35 - - - 10.02 - - 137.24
CHP plants 17.64 - 8.22 91.75 - - - 4.33 - - 121.94
Heat plants - - - 9.60 - - - 5.70 - - 15.30

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.106 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Netherlands

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - 1.94 - 56.39 1.10 0.01 0.43 3.03 - - 62.91
Imports 12.09 61.12 77.25 18.38 - - - 0.65 1.33 - 170.82
Exports -2.85 -2.50 -89.31 -39.84 - - - -0.27 -0.91 - -135.68
Intl. marine bunkers - - -13.95 - - - - - - - -13.95
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.49 - - - - - - - -3.49
Stock changes -1.77 -1.19 -0.44 0.03 - - - -0.01 - - -3.39
TPES 7.48 59.38 -29.94 34.96 1.10 0.01 0.43 3.40 0.42 - 77.23
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 26.35 - 1.33 67.78 4.23 0.10 4.74 7.70 - - 112.23
Heat generated - PJ 17.44 - 5.82 95.80 - - - 10.58 - - 129.64

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 10.2 37.3 71.8 60.5 57.6 61.2 66.5 62.9
Net imports (Mtoe) 13.7 24.0 3.4 17.6 34.7 38.7 34.1 35.1
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 21.0 50.9 64.4 65.7 73.2 80.2 79.7 77.2
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 12.1 36.0 38.2 31.2 42.3 49.2 49.0 46.6
Oil supply (Mtoe) 10.8 27.5 28.9 23.3 25.9 32.8 31.0 29.4
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 15.6 41.5 61.8 78.0 104.5 118.1 118.8 112.5

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 101.5 e 173.6 226.2 282.0 385.1 440.5 449.3 436.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 123.5 e 211.1 275.0 342.9 468.3 535.6 546.3 531.0
Population (millions) 11.48 e 13.19 14.15 14.95 15.92 16.38 16.44 16.56
Industrial production index (2005=100) 27.10 58.00 73.30 77.90 95.20 103.80 105.30 97.60

Total self-sufficiency** 0.4864 0.7341 1.1158 0.9217 0.7862 0.7625 0.8351 0.8147
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.8031 0.6973 - - - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.1821 0.0635 0.0557 0.1748 0.0937 0.0871 0.0785 0.0660
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.9813 1.6604 2.2645 1.7726 1.4913 1.6365 1.7282 1.6131

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2066 e 0.2931 0.2846 0.2329 0.1902 0.1822 0.1774 0.1768
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1699 e 0.2410 0.2340 0.1915 0.1564 0.1498 0.1458 0.1454
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.8268 e 3.8555 4.5494 4.3937 4.5992 4.8990 4.8468 4.6646

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1192 e 0.2075 0.1687 0.1105 0.1099 0.1116 0.1091 0.1066
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1060 e 0.1586 0.1276 0.0826 0.0672 0.0744 0.0690 0.0674
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.9378 e 2.0859 2.0396 1.5573 1.6261 2.0022 1.8861 1.7777

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1531 e 0.2392 0.2730 0.2767 0.2713 0.2681 0.2645 0.2575
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 1354 e 3147 4365 5220 6561 7212 7229 6793

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 74.71 99.19 127.78 99.59 94.10 101.64 92.64 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 95.18 100.66 154.33 83.54 77.31 115.96 101.82 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.107

Netherlands
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
90 90 100%

80 80 90%

70 70 80%

70%
60 60
60%
50 50
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
40 40
40%
30 30
30%
20 20
20%
10 10 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
250% 30

25
200%

20
150%
Mtoe

15

100%
10

50%
5

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


120 250

100
200

80
150
1971=100
TWh

60
100
40

50
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.108 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

New Zealand : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.83 2.07 - 3.65 - 2.03 2.26 1.02 - 0.03 13.89
Imports 0.39 4.70 2.49 - - - - - - - 7.57
Exports -1.46 -1.67 -0.12 - - - - - - - -3.25
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.31 - - - - - - - -0.31
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.88 - - - - - - - -0.88
Stock changes -0.21 -0.10 -0.01 -0.00 - - - - - - -0.32
TPES 1.54 5.00 1.16 3.65 - 2.03 2.26 1.02 - 0.03 16.69
Transfers - -0.11 0.11 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.04 - - - - - - 0.14
Electricity plants -0.62 - - -1.62 - -2.03 -1.99 -0.04 3.49 -0.03 -2.85
CHP plants -0.15 - - -0.49 - - -0.03 -0.12 0.27 - -0.52
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.15 - - - - - - - - - -0.15
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 0.01 - - - - - - - - - 0.01
Oil refineries - -4.95 5.08 - - - - - - - 0.13
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.05 - -0.35 -0.13 - - - - -0.17 - -0.70
Losses -0.01 - - -0.02 - - - - -0.27 - -0.29
TFC 0.58 - 6.03 1.44 - - 0.24 0.85 3.32 - 12.47
INDUSTRY 0.45 - 0.43 0.67 - - 0.14 0.66 1.26 - 3.61
Iron and steel - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.12
Chemical and petrochem. - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Non-ferrous metals - - - - - - - - 0.47 - 0.47
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.02
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Machinery - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.02
Mining and quarrying - - 0.09 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.12
Food and tobacco - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.19 - 0.19
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - 0.14 - 0.16 - 0.30
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - 0.66 0.14 - 0.80
Construction - - 0.04 - - - - - 0.02 - 0.06
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified 0.45 - 0.29 0.67 - - - - 0.05 - 1.45
TRANSPORT - - 4.93 0.01 - - - - 0.05 - 4.98
Domestic aviation - - 0.33 - - - - - - - 0.33
Road - - 4.48 0.01 - - - - - - 4.49
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.11 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.15
OTHER 0.13 - 0.39 0.26 - - 0.10 0.19 2.01 - 3.09
Residential 0.01 - 0.06 0.12 - - 0.01 0.19 1.07 - 1.46
Comm. and public services 0.09 - 0.09 0.10 - - 0.09 0.01 0.74 - 1.12
Agriculture/forestry 0.03 - 0.15 0.04 - - - - 0.15 - 0.37
Fishing - - 0.09 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.10
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.29 0.51 - - - - - - 0.79
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.29 0.51 - - - - - - 0.79
of which: feedstocks - - - 0.51 - - - - - - 0.51
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 3.16 - 0.00 11.84 - 23.64 4.48 0.56 - 0.06 43.75
Electricity plants 2.52 - 0.00 9.81 - 23.64 4.43 0.16 - - 40.56
CHP plants 0.64 - - 2.03 - - 0.05 0.40 - 0.06 3.19
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - 1.37 1.37
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - 1.37 1.37
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.109

New Zealand : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.89 2.92 - 3.44 - 1.92 2.66 1.03 - 0.03 14.88
Imports 0.32 4.96 2.32 - - - - - - - 7.59
Exports -1.80 -2.65 -0.21 - - - - - - - -4.66
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.34 - - - - - - - -0.34
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.86 - - - - - - - -0.86
Stock changes 0.28 0.06 -0.02 -0.00 - - - - - - 0.32
TPES 1.69 5.28 0.89 3.44 - 1.92 2.66 1.03 - 0.03 16.93
Transfers - -0.08 0.08 - - - - - - - -0.00
Statistical differences 0.28 0.14 -0.01 -0.01 - - - 0.00 - - 0.40
Electricity plants -1.03 - -0.03 -1.31 - -1.92 -2.39 -0.04 3.49 -0.03 -3.25
CHP plants -0.14 - - -0.50 - - -0.03 -0.12 0.27 - -0.53
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.15 - - - - - - - - - -0.15
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 0.02 - - - - - - - - - 0.02
Oil refineries - -5.33 5.38 - - - - - - - 0.05
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.04 - -0.36 -0.15 - - - - -0.18 - -0.74
Losses -0.01 - - -0.02 - - - - -0.28 - -0.30
TFC 0.62 - 5.94 1.45 - - 0.24 0.87 3.30 - 12.42
INDUSTRY 0.47 - 0.49 0.63 - - 0.14 0.67 1.22 - 3.62
Iron and steel - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.12
Chemical and petrochem. - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Non-ferrous metals - - - - - - - - 0.43 - 0.43
Non-metallic minerals - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.02
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - 0.00 - 0.00
Machinery - - - - - - - - 0.02 - 0.02
Mining and quarrying - - 0.08 - - - - - 0.03 - 0.11
Food and tobacco - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.19 - 0.19
Paper, pulp and printing - - - - - - 0.14 - 0.17 - 0.31
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - 0.67 0.13 - 0.80
Construction - - 0.05 - - - - - 0.02 - 0.07
Textile and leather - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified 0.47 - 0.35 0.63 - - - - 0.05 - 1.50
TRANSPORT - - 4.70 0.00 - - - - 0.05 - 4.75
Domestic aviation - - 0.32 - - - - - - - 0.32
Road - - 4.28 0.00 - - - - - - 4.29
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.09 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.13
OTHER 0.15 - 0.44 0.20 - - 0.10 0.19 2.03 - 3.11
Residential 0.01 - 0.06 0.09 - - 0.01 0.18 1.07 - 1.42
Comm. and public services 0.10 - 0.15 0.07 - - 0.09 0.01 0.75 - 1.17
Agriculture/forestry 0.04 - 0.14 0.03 - - - - 0.15 - 0.37
Fishing - - 0.09 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.10
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.05 - 0.05
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.32 0.62 - - - - - - 0.94
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.32 0.62 - - - - - - 0.94
of which: feedstocks - - - 0.62 - - - - - - 0.62
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 4.82 - 0.13 10.65 - 22.31 5.26 0.56 - 0.05 43.78
Electricity plants 4.22 - 0.13 8.56 - 22.31 5.21 0.15 - - 40.58
CHP plants 0.60 - - 2.09 - - 0.05 0.40 - 0.05 3.20
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - 1.20 1.20
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - 1.20 1.20
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.110 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

New Zealand

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.63 2.70 - 3.55 - 2.08 3.13 1.39 - 0.03 15.50
Imports 0.36 4.81 2.35 - - - - - - - 7.52
Exports -1.47 -2.29 -0.18 - - - - - - - -3.93
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.29 - - - - - - - -0.29
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.80 - - - - - - - -0.80
Stock changes 0.09 -0.06 0.05 -0.00 - - - - - - 0.07
TPES 1.62 5.16 1.13 3.55 - 2.08 3.13 1.39 - 0.03 18.08
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 3.30 - 0.01 8.97 - 24.20 6.29 0.56 - 0.06 43.38
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - 1.26 1.26

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 2.5 3.4 5.5 11.4 14.2 13.9 14.9 15.5
Net imports (Mtoe) 1.8 4.1 4.2 2.1 3.4 4.3 2.9 3.6
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 4.1 6.9 9.0 12.7 16.7 16.7 16.9 18.1
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 1.9 4.1 4.3 2.3 4.5 5.4 4.4 4.7
Oil supply (Mtoe) 1.7 3.5 4.0 3.5 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.3
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 5.8 13.4 19.8 28.6 36.3 40.6 40.5 40.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 19.3 e 28.7 32.9 39.6 52.7 67.0 66.2 66.1
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 29.4 e 43.7 50.1 60.4 80.3 102.1 101.0 100.8
Population (millions) 2.38 e 2.86 3.14 3.49 3.88 4.26 4.31 4.34
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. 64.80 72.80 87.80 97.70 96.90 89.40

Total self-sufficiency** 0.6055 0.4943 0.6089 0.8978 0.8503 0.8322 0.8789 0.8574
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 1.0186 1.0160 1.1202 1.2263 2.2382 1.8350 1.7081 1.6295
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. 0.0922 0.5574 0.3367 0.3360 0.4731 0.4286
Gas self-sufficiency** 1.0000 1.0000 1.0033 0.9999 0.9998 1.0000 1.0001 1.0000

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2127 e 0.2410 0.2732 0.3205 0.3169 0.2492 0.2557 0.2735
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1395 e 0.1581 0.1792 0.2102 0.2078 0.1635 0.1677 0.1794
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.7278 e 2.4134 2.8578 3.6403 4.3036 3.9141 3.9338 4.1673

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0955 e 0.1413 0.1297 0.0591 0.0855 0.0806 0.0666 0.0710
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0854 e 0.1224 0.1219 0.0886 0.1084 0.0919 0.0931 0.0952
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.6939 e 1.2264 1.2749 1.0067 1.4726 1.4437 1.4323 1.4502

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.3018 e 0.4669 0.6004 0.7225 0.6897 0.6066 0.6117 0.6068
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 2452 e 4676 6281 8206 9367 9527 9413 9248

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 99.20 135.64 155.44 110.34 115.37 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. 194.00 123.20 107.39 110.98 127.15 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.111

New Zealand
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
18 20 100%

16 18 90%

14 16 80%

14 70%
12
12 60%
10
Mtoe

Mtoe
10 50%
8
8 40%
6
6 30%
4 4 20%
2 2 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
250% 5

4.5

200% 4

3.5

150% 3
Mtoe

2.5

100% 2

1.5

50% 1

0.5

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


50 250
45
40 200
35
30 150
1971=100
TWh

25
20 100
15
10 50

5
0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.112 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Norway : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.68 122.01 - 78.06 - 11.49 0.08 1.28 - 0.04 215.65
Imports 0.71 1.13 4.00 - - - - 0.04 0.45 - 6.33
Exports -2.26 -100.49 -17.00 -73.20 - - - -0.00 -1.32 - -194.27
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.66 - - - - - - - -0.66
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.38 - - - - - - - -0.38
Stock changes -0.38 0.94 0.20 - - - - c - - 0.77
TPES 0.75 23.59 -13.83 4.87 - 11.49 0.08 1.32 -0.86 0.04 27.45
Transfers - -7.79 8.36 - - - - - - - 0.57
Statistical differences -0.00 1.01 -1.68 -0.24 - - - - - - -0.92
Electricity plants -0.01 - -0.00 -0.11 - -11.49 -0.08 -0.04 11.69 -0.06 -0.10
CHP plants -0.02 - - - - - - -0.09 0.01 0.08 -0.01
Heat plants -0.00 - -0.02 -0.01 - - - -0.15 -0.06 0.22 -0.02
Blast furnaces -0.07 e - - - - - - - - - -0.07
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -16.85 16.85 - - - - - - - -0.00
Petrochemical plants - 0.05 -0.05 - - - - - - - -0.01
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.88 -3.81 - - - - -0.39 -0.01 -5.10
Losses -0.01 - - - - - - -0.01 -0.87 -0.03 -0.92
TFC 0.64 - 8.74 0.69 - - - 1.04 9.52 0.25 20.87
INDUSTRY 0.64 - 1.03 0.18 - - - 0.43 4.27 0.03 6.57
Iron and steel 0.28 e - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.43 0.00 0.72
Chemical and petrochem. 0.20 - 0.40 0.07 - - - 0.01 0.62 0.01 1.32
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.05 0.05 - - - - 1.97 0.00 2.06
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 - 0.09 0.01 - - - 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.37
Transport equipment - - 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.08
Machinery - - 0.03 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.15
Mining and quarrying - - 0.05 0.00 - - - - 0.04 0.00 0.10
Food and tobacco - - 0.10 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.37
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.10 0.00 - - - 0.29 0.52 0.00 0.92
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 - - - - 0.08 0.07 0.00 0.17
Construction - - 0.15 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.07 - 0.22
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
Non-specified - - 0.01 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.06
TRANSPORT - - 4.70 0.04 - - - 0.00 0.05 - 4.80
Domestic aviation - - 0.33 - - - - - - - 0.33
Road - - 3.51 0.00 - - - 0.00 - - 3.52
Rail - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.05 - 0.06
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.85 - - - - - - - 0.85
Non-specified - - - 0.04 - - - - 0.01 - 0.05
OTHER - - 1.04 0.04 - - - 0.60 5.19 0.22 7.10
Residential - - 0.20 0.00 - - - 0.58 3.01 0.05 3.84
Comm. and public services - - 0.22 0.02 - - - 0.02 2.01 0.17 2.44
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.15 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.34
Fishing - - 0.40 - - - - - 0.01 - 0.41
Non-specified - - 0.07 - - - - - - - 0.07
NON-ENERGY USE - - 1.96 0.44 - - - - - - 2.40
in industry/transf./energy - - 1.96 0.44 - - - - - - 2.40
of which: feedstocks - - 1.18 0.44 - - - - - - 1.61
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 0.14 - 0.04 0.76 - 133.66 0.94 0.45 - 0.12 136.11
Electricity plants 0.09 - 0.04 0.76 - 133.66 0.94 0.34 - 0.12 135.95
CHP plants 0.04 - - - - - - 0.12 - - 0.16
Heat generated - PJ 0.39 - 0.75 0.50 - - 0.57 7.87 2.24 2.21 14.52
CHP plants 0.37 - - - - - - 2.99 1.35 0.20 4.91
Heat plants 0.02 - 0.75 0.50 - - 0.57 4.88 0.89 2.01 9.61

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.113

Norway : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 2.20 116.91 - 87.10 - 12.00 0.08 1.32 - 0.05 219.66
Imports 0.74 0.87 4.24 - - - - 0.04 0.29 - 6.19
Exports -2.24 -93.04 -15.89 -82.24 - - - -0.00 -1.49 - -194.89
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.48 - - - - - - - -0.48
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.38 - - - - - - - -0.38
Stock changes 0.06 -0.52 0.03 - - - - c - - -0.42
TPES 0.77 24.22 -12.48 4.86 - 12.00 0.08 1.36 -1.19 0.05 29.67
Transfers - -7.67 8.16 - - - - - - - 0.49
Statistical differences -0.01 -1.24 -1.69 0.07 - - - - - - -2.87
Electricity plants -0.01 - -0.00 -0.06 - -12.00 -0.08 -0.04 12.17 -0.06 -0.08
CHP plants -0.01 - - - - - - -0.10 0.02 0.08 -0.01
Heat plants -0.00 - -0.02 -0.02 - - - -0.16 -0.06 0.23 -0.02
Blast furnaces -0.07 e - - - - - - - - - -0.07
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -15.36 15.36 - - - - - - - -0.00
Petrochemical plants - 0.05 -0.05 - - - - - - - -0.01
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.80 -4.00 - - - - -0.47 -0.01 -5.28
Losses -0.01 - - - - - - -0.01 -0.88 -0.03 -0.93
TFC 0.66 - 8.48 0.85 - - - 1.05 9.59 0.26 20.90
INDUSTRY 0.66 - 1.01 0.21 - - - 0.43 4.34 0.03 6.68
Iron and steel 0.30 e - 0.02 0.00 - - - - 0.45 0.00 0.76
Chemical and petrochem. 0.22 - 0.40 0.08 - - - 0.01 0.69 0.01 1.42
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.05 0.05 - - - - 1.98 0.00 2.07
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 - 0.09 0.03 - - - 0.04 0.09 0.00 0.39
Transport equipment - - 0.02 0.00 - - - - 0.06 0.00 0.08
Machinery - - 0.02 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.14
Mining and quarrying - - 0.06 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.10
Food and tobacco - - 0.10 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.25 0.00 0.38
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.09 0.00 - - - 0.31 0.50 - 0.91
Wood and wood products - - 0.01 - - - - 0.07 0.06 0.00 0.14
Construction - - 0.15 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.07 - 0.22
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
Non-specified - - 0.00 0.00 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.05
TRANSPORT - - 4.63 0.05 - - - 0.01 0.06 - 4.75
Domestic aviation - - 0.34 - - - - - - - 0.34
Road - - 3.48 0.00 - - - 0.01 - - 3.49
Rail - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.05 - 0.07
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.79 - - - - - - - 0.79
Non-specified - - - 0.04 - - - - 0.01 - 0.05
OTHER - - 0.96 0.04 - - - 0.62 5.19 0.24 7.03
Residential - - 0.17 0.00 - - - 0.59 2.97 0.06 3.79
Comm. and public services - - 0.21 0.02 - - - 0.02 2.04 0.17 2.47
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.15 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.33
Fishing - - 0.39 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.40
Non-specified - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
NON-ENERGY USE - - 1.88 0.56 - - - - - - 2.44
in industry/transf./energy - - 1.88 0.56 - - - - - - 2.44
of which: feedstocks - - 0.98 0.56 - - - - - - 1.54
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 0.16 - 0.02 0.43 - 139.55 0.96 0.45 - 0.13 141.70
Electricity plants 0.09 - 0.02 0.43 - 139.55 0.96 0.34 - 0.13 141.52
CHP plants 0.07 - - - - - - 0.11 - - 0.18
Heat generated - PJ 0.22 - 0.64 0.63 - - 0.46 8.59 1.96 2.58 15.07
CHP plants 0.21 - - - - - - 3.30 - - 3.51
Heat plants 0.01 - 0.64 0.63 - - 0.46 5.28 1.96 2.58 11.56

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.114 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Norway

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 1.77 115.66 - 90.66 - 10.86 0.08 1.29 - 0.05 220.37
Imports 0.47 1.01 4.68 - - - - 0.03 0.49 - 6.68
Exports -1.61 -96.15 -16.54 -85.16 - - - -0.00 -1.26 - -200.72
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.48 - - - - - - - -0.48
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.34 - - - - - - - -0.34
Stock changes -0.08 0.98 0.09 - - - - - - - 1.00
TPES 0.56 21.50 -12.59 5.50 - 10.86 0.08 1.32 -0.77 0.05 26.51
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 0.13 - 0.02 4.24 - 126.24 0.99 0.29 - 0.07 131.96
Heat generated - PJ 0.22 - 0.64 0.63 - - 0.46 8.59 1.96 2.58 15.07

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 3.0 6.0 55.0 119.1 227.0 215.7 219.7 220.4
Net imports (Mtoe) 4.2 7.8 -35.8 -95.4 -199.6 -187.9 -188.7 -194.0
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 6.8 13.3 18.3 21.0 25.9 27.5 29.7 26.5
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 3.7 7.5 -14.6 -72.5 -156.4 -112.4 -103.8 -107.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 3.3 7.2 8.7 8.1 9.0 9.8 11.7 8.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 27.5 55.0 76.5 99.1 112.3 e 117.1 118.6 113.6

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 38.3 e 61.0 91.2 117.0 168.3 197.3 200.9 199.3
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 36.9 e 58.8 88.0 112.8 162.3 190.3 193.7 192.2
Population (millions) 3.58 e 3.90 4.09 4.24 4.49 4.71 4.77 4.79
Industrial production index (2005=100) 16.80 29.70 48.00 74.20 104.50 96.70 97.10 93.30

Total self-sufficiency** 0.4346 0.4534 3.0011 5.6693 8.7742 7.8558 7.4035 8.3131
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.3585 0.3242 0.2005 0.2357 0.3945 3.5631 2.8555 3.1584
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.0399 2.7828 10.3253 18.6485 12.5007 9.9550 12.9721
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. 26.2068 12.2201 11.1669 16.0425 17.9318 16.4924

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1782 e 0.2181 0.2008 0.1796 0.1537 0.1391 0.1477 0.1330
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1848 e 0.2262 0.2082 0.1862 0.1594 0.1443 0.1532 0.1379
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.9052 e 3.4071 4.4827 4.9523 5.7595 5.8333 6.2227 5.5377

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0965 e 0.1223 -0.1602 -0.6198 -0.9293 -0.5694 -0.5168 -0.5368
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0873 e 0.1176 0.0954 0.0689 0.0532 0.0495 0.0585 0.0447
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.9336 e 1.8371 2.1308 1.9013 1.9932 2.0740 2.4630 1.8625

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.7181 e 0.9016 0.8386 0.8469 0.6670 e 0.5932 0.5902 0.5698
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 7677 e 14085 18724 23357 24994 e 24872 24868 23726

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 208.51 230.12 184.97 117.71 95.79 102.93 104.19 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 252.62 343.56 270.88 136.78 85.34 113.38 109.12 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.115

Norway
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
250 35 100%

90%
30
200 80%
25 70%

150 60%
20
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
15
100 40%

10 30%
50 20%
5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
3000% 10

9
2500%
8

7
2000%
6
Mtoe

1500% 5

4
1000%
3

2
500%
1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


160 200

140 180
160
120
140
100 120
1971=100
TWh

80 100
80
60
60
40
40
20 20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.116 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Poland : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 62.49 0.73 - 3.90 - 0.20 0.06 5.43 - - 72.80
Imports 3.85 22.29 6.85 8.28 - - - 0.02 0.67 - 41.96
Exports -12.38 -0.29 -3.08 -0.04 - - - -0.02 -1.13 - -16.93
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.25 - - - - - - - -0.25
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.45 - - - - - - - -0.45
Stock changes 1.77 -1.31 -0.80 0.23 - - - -0.02 - - -0.14
TPES 55.73 21.42 2.27 12.37 - 0.20 0.06 5.40 -0.46 - 97.00
Transfers - 0.08 -0.03 - - - - - - - 0.04
Statistical differences -0.57 0.09 0.07 -0.11 - - - -0.00 - 0.44 -0.08
Electricity plants - - - - - -0.20 -0.04 - 0.25 - -
CHP plants -36.85 - -0.53 -0.94 - - - -0.74 13.41 5.00 -20.65
Heat plants -3.03 - -0.03 -0.25 - - - -0.04 - 2.67 -0.68
Blast furnaces -1.24 e - - - - - - - - - -1.24
Gas works - - -0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.47 - - - - - - - - - -0.47
Oil refineries - -22.27 21.98 - - - - - - - -0.29
Petrochemical plants - 0.69 -0.73 - - - - - - - -0.04
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - -0.22 - - - - - - -0.22
Energy ind. own use -1.78 - -1.14 -0.74 - - - -0.00 -2.10 -1.17 -6.93
Losses -0.04 - - -0.06 - - - - -1.24 - -1.34
TFC 11.76 - 21.85 10.05 - - 0.01 4.62 9.85 6.94 65.09
INDUSTRY 4.82 - 1.41 3.08 - - - 1.49 3.94 2.00 16.72
Iron and steel 1.18 e - 0.00 0.53 - - - 0.03 0.60 0.20 2.55
Chemical and petrochem. 0.75 - 0.71 0.21 - - - 0.17 0.76 1.19 3.80
Non-ferrous metals 0.17 - 0.01 0.16 - - - 0.02 0.30 0.07 0.73
Non-metallic minerals 1.19 - 0.14 1.01 - - - 0.19 0.36 0.04 2.93
Transport equipment 0.04 - 0.03 0.09 - - - 0.00 0.20 0.08 0.44
Machinery 0.08 - 0.03 0.22 - - - 0.00 0.34 0.09 0.77
Mining and quarrying 0.01 - 0.07 0.03 - - - - 0.12 0.08 0.32
Food and tobacco 0.77 - 0.19 0.49 - - - 0.01 0.44 0.07 1.95
Paper, pulp and printing 0.23 - 0.06 0.10 - - - 0.74 0.28 0.09 1.49
Wood and wood products 0.14 - 0.03 0.06 - - - 0.26 0.13 0.01 0.63
Construction 0.01 - 0.09 0.04 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.22
Textile and leather 0.04 - 0.01 0.06 - - - 0.00 0.08 0.02 0.21
Non-specified 0.21 - 0.04 0.08 - - - 0.07 0.25 0.05 0.69
TRANSPORT - - 13.99 0.30 - - - 0.11 0.32 - 14.71
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 13.83 - - - - 0.11 - - 13.94
Rail - - 0.15 - - - - - 0.28 - 0.44
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 0.30 - - - - 0.04 - 0.34
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 6.89 - 3.39 4.76 - - 0.01 3.03 5.59 4.95 28.62
Residential 5.25 - 0.96 3.17 - - 0.01 2.44 2.27 4.30 18.39
Comm. and public services 0.66 - 0.56 1.55 - - 0.00 0.14 3.20 0.62 6.74
Agriculture/forestry 0.97 - 1.87 0.04 - - - 0.46 0.13 0.02 3.49
Fishing - - - 0.00 - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.06 - 3.06 1.92 - - - - - - 5.03
in industry/transf./energy 0.06 - 2.75 1.92 - - - - - - 4.72
of which: feedstocks 0.00 - 1.38 1.92 - - - - - - 3.30
in transport - - 0.19 - - - - - - - 0.19
in other - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 147.63 - 2.30 3.06 - 2.35 0.52 2.89 - - 158.76
Electricity plants - - - - - 2.35 0.52 - - - 2.87
CHP plants 147.63 - 2.30 3.06 - - - 2.89 - - 155.89
Heat generated - PJ 291.09 - 4.50 18.83 - - - 6.59 - - 321.01
CHP plants 190.11 - 3.47 10.50 - - - 5.20 - - 209.27
Heat plants 100.99 - 1.03 8.33 - - - 1.39 - - 111.74

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.117

Poland : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 60.91 0.79 - 3.69 - 0.19 0.09 5.74 - - 71.39
Imports 6.49 22.11 5.85 9.15 - - - 0.16 0.73 - 44.49
Exports -10.07 -0.25 -3.02 -0.03 - - - - -0.83 - -14.20
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.27 - - - - - - - -0.27
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.54 - - - - - - - -0.54
Stock changes -2.59 -0.26 0.13 -0.27 - - - -0.00 - - -2.99
TPES 54.75 22.38 2.16 12.54 - 0.19 0.09 5.89 -0.11 - 97.88
Transfers - 0.07 -0.03 - - - - - - - 0.05
Statistical differences -1.26 -0.24 -0.03 -0.13 - - - -0.00 - - -1.65
Electricity plants - - - - - -0.19 -0.07 - 0.26 - -
CHP plants -35.51 - -0.51 -0.98 - - - -1.06 13.12 4.79 -20.14
Heat plants -2.92 - -0.03 -0.25 - - - -0.05 - 2.67 -0.59
Blast furnaces -1.02 e - - - - - - - - - -1.02
Gas works - - -0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.62 - - - - - - - - - -0.62
Oil refineries - -22.80 22.25 - - - - - - - -0.55
Petrochemical plants - 0.59 -0.62 - - - - - - - -0.03
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - -0.25 - - - - - - -0.25
Energy ind. own use -1.36 - -1.20 -0.67 - - - -0.00 -2.05 -1.08 -6.36
Losses -0.05 - - -0.06 - - - - -1.09 - -1.19
TFC 12.00 - 22.00 10.21 - - 0.01 4.78 10.13 6.39 65.52
INDUSTRY 4.57 - 1.28 3.03 - - - 1.26 3.81 1.58 15.52
Iron and steel 0.93 e - 0.00 0.48 - - - 0.02 0.58 0.17 2.19
Chemical and petrochem. 1.16 - 0.56 0.19 - - - 0.17 0.73 0.86 3.67
Non-ferrous metals 0.16 - 0.01 0.16 - - - 0.03 0.25 0.06 0.67
Non-metallic minerals 1.00 - 0.16 0.95 - - - 0.19 0.35 0.03 2.67
Transport equipment 0.03 - 0.02 0.11 - - - 0.00 0.21 0.09 0.45
Machinery 0.07 - 0.03 0.21 - - - 0.00 0.33 0.09 0.74
Mining and quarrying 0.01 - 0.07 0.03 - - - - 0.12 0.08 0.32
Food and tobacco 0.68 - 0.22 0.49 - - - 0.01 0.44 0.06 1.90
Paper, pulp and printing 0.19 - 0.05 0.12 - - - 0.47 0.27 0.08 1.18
Wood and wood products 0.11 - 0.03 0.11 - - - 0.30 0.16 0.00 0.71
Construction 0.02 - 0.10 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.22
Textile and leather 0.03 - 0.01 0.05 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.17
Non-specified 0.18 - 0.02 0.10 - - - 0.05 0.24 0.04 0.64
TRANSPORT - - 14.59 0.33 - - - 0.44 0.31 - 15.67
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 14.45 - - - - 0.44 - - 14.89
Rail - - 0.13 - - - - - 0.27 - 0.41
Pipeline transport - - 0.00 0.33 - - - - 0.03 - 0.37
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 7.38 - 3.23 4.87 - - 0.01 3.08 6.02 4.81 29.41
Residential 5.59 - 0.80 3.14 - - 0.01 2.45 2.33 4.18 18.50
Comm. and public services 0.72 - 0.56 1.69 - - 0.00 0.18 3.55 0.61 7.31
Agriculture/forestry 1.07 - 1.87 0.05 - - - 0.45 0.14 0.02 3.60
Fishing - - - 0.00 - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
Non-specified - - 0.00 - - - - - - - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE 0.05 - 2.90 1.97 - - - - - - 4.91
in industry/transf./energy 0.05 - 2.59 1.97 - - - - - - 4.60
of which: feedstocks - - 1.28 1.97 - - - - - - 3.24
in transport - - 0.18 - - - - - - - 0.18
in other - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 143.37 - 2.32 3.17 - 2.15 0.84 3.74 - - 155.58
Electricity plants - - - - - 2.15 0.84 - - - 2.99
CHP plants 143.37 - 2.32 3.17 - - - 3.74 - - 152.59
Heat generated - PJ 279.08 - 4.39 20.29 - - - 8.89 - - 312.65
CHP plants 178.93 - 3.25 11.46 - - - 7.12 - - 200.75
Heat plants 100.15 - 1.15 8.84 - - - 1.77 - - 111.90

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.118 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Poland

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 56.35 0.67 - 3.68 - 0.21 0.11 5.75 - - 66.77
Imports 6.50 21.78 5.40 8.15 - - - 0.23 0.64 - 42.70
Exports -9.13 -0.23 -2.29 -0.03 - - - -0.01 -0.83 - -12.51
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.22 - - - - - - - -0.22
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.50 - - - - - - - -0.50
Stock changes -2.38 -0.27 -0.49 0.48 - - - - - - -2.67
TPES 51.34 21.95 1.90 12.27 - 0.21 0.11 5.97 -0.19 - 93.56
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 136.74 - 2.33 3.21 - 2.41 1.09 5.24 - - 151.02
Heat generated - PJ 266.41 - 4.23 19.70 - - - 9.66 - - 300.00

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 64.8 99.3 126.6 103.9 79.6 72.8 71.4 66.8
Net imports (Mtoe) -10.8 -10.7 1.5 0.9 9.6 25.0 30.3 30.2
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 54.2 86.1 126.6 103.1 89.1 97.0 97.9 93.6
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 2.0 8.8 17.7 14.3 19.8 25.8 24.7 24.7
Oil supply (Mtoe) 2.1 8.3 16.7 13.0 19.2 23.7 24.5 23.9
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 26.8 64.1 109.4 124.7 124.6 139.6 142.3 136.8

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 54.7 e 89.2 e 119.0 e 118.2 171.3 226.2 237.5 245.1
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 129.2 e 210.5 e 280.9 e 278.9 404.3 533.8 560.5 578.6
Population (millions) 29.56 e 32.80 35.58 38.03 38.26 38.12 38.12 38.09
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. 47.30 76.80 122.50 125.80 121.00

Total self-sufficiency** 1.1962 1.1524 1.0002 1.0074 0.8930 0.7506 0.7294 0.7136
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 1.2524 1.3142 1.2058 1.2549 1.2664 1.1212 1.1126 1.0976
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0934 0.0475 0.0202 0.0134 0.0374 0.0310 0.0321 0.0283
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.7051 0.7939 0.5179 0.2659 0.3327 0.3148 0.2941 0.2996

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.9899 e 0.9656 e 1.0641 e 0.8725 0.5203 0.4289 0.4122 0.3817
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.4194 e 0.4091 e 0.4508 e 0.3696 0.2204 0.1817 0.1746 0.1617
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.8327 e 2.6257 3.5589 2.7111 2.3295 2.5447 2.5680 2.4563

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0366 e 0.0982 e 0.1491 e 0.1211 0.1158 0.1139 0.1040 0.1006
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0381 e 0.0934 e 0.1399 e 0.1103 0.1118 0.1047 0.1033 0.0973
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.0705 e 0.2541 0.4680 0.3428 0.5007 0.6215 0.6437 0.6262

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.4899 e 0.7189 e 0.9198 e 1.0553 0.7273 0.6172 0.5991 0.5579
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 907 e 1955 3076 3279 3256 3662 3733 3590

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 293.51 141.66 88.67 81.03 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 169.25 134.83 91.11 82.48 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.119

Poland
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
160 140 100%

90%
140 120
80%
120
100 70%
100
60%
80
Mtoe

Mtoe
80 50%
60
60 40%

40 30%
40
20%
20 20
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
160% 35

140% 30

120%
25

100%
20
Mtoe

80%
15
60%
10
40%

5
20%

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


180 250

160

140 200

120
150
1971=100

100
TWh

80
100
60

40 50
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.120 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Portugal : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.87 0.57 3.18 - - 4.62
Imports 2.91 12.65 4.41 3.76 - - - - 0.83 - 24.55
Exports -0.01 - -2.54 - - - - - -0.19 - -2.73
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.66 - - - - - - - -0.66
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.88 - - - - - - - -0.88
Stock changes -0.01 -0.04 0.20 0.05 - - - -0.03 - - 0.17
TPES 2.89 12.61 0.53 3.81 - 0.87 0.57 3.15 0.64 - 25.07
Transfers - 0.29 -0.27 - - - - - - - 0.03
Statistical differences -0.01 -0.06 -0.04 -0.00 - - - -0.00 - - -0.12
Electricity plants -2.71 - -0.54 -1.66 - -0.87 -0.53 -0.26 3.51 - -3.06
CHP plants - - -0.50 -0.59 - - - -0.19 0.52 0.34 -0.42
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -12.84 12.81 - - - - - - - -0.04
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.75 -0.09 - - - - -0.19 - -1.03
Losses - - -0.01 -0.03 - - - - -0.27 - -0.32
TFC 0.17 - 11.21 1.44 - - 0.04 2.70 4.22 0.34 20.10
INDUSTRY 0.17 - 1.31 1.03 - - - 1.40 1.55 0.32 5.78
Iron and steel 0.01 - 0.02 0.05 - - - - 0.13 - 0.21
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.10 0.07 - - - 0.04 0.23 0.12 0.57
Non-ferrous metals 0.00 - 0.00 0.01 - - - 0.01 0.01 - 0.03
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 - 0.56 0.54 - - - 0.36 0.22 0.01 1.84
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.02 - - - - 0.04 - 0.07
Machinery - - 0.03 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.17
Mining and quarrying - - 0.07 0.01 - - - - 0.05 0.03 0.14
Food and tobacco - - 0.16 0.09 - - - 0.09 0.16 0.05 0.55
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.06 0.04 - - - 0.80 0.22 0.06 1.19
Wood and wood products - - 0.02 0.01 - - - 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.14
Construction - - 0.19 0.01 - - - - 0.05 - 0.25
Textile and leather - - 0.08 0.14 - - - 0.06 0.15 0.04 0.46
Non-specified - - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.12 - 0.15
TRANSPORT - - 6.18 0.01 - - - 0.13 0.04 - 6.36
Domestic aviation - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
Road - - 5.99 0.01 - - - 0.13 - - 6.13
Rail - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.07
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
Non-specified - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
OTHER - - 1.45 0.39 - - 0.04 1.16 2.63 0.01 5.68
Residential - - 0.62 0.22 - - 0.02 1.16 1.19 0.01 3.22
Comm. and public services - - 0.67 0.17 - - 0.02 - 1.34 0.01 2.20
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.16 0.01 - - - - 0.09 0.00 0.25
Fishing - - 0.00 0.00 - - - - 0.00 - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - 0.00 - - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE - - 2.28 - - - - - - - 2.28
in industry/transf./energy - - 2.20 - - - - - - - 2.20
of which: feedstocks - - 1.78 - - - - - - - 1.78
in transport - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
in other - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 12.40 - 4.87 13.12 - 10.09 4.26 2.15 - - 46.90
Electricity plants 12.40 - 2.48 10.82 - 10.09 4.26 0.77 - - 40.82
CHP plants - - 2.39 2.30 - - - 1.38 - - 6.07
Heat generated - PJ - - 4.07 10.07 - - - - - - 14.13
CHP plants - - 4.07 10.07 - - - - - - 14.13
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.121

Portugal : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.58 0.71 3.15 - - 4.45
Imports 2.33 12.68 4.06 4.14 - - - - 0.92 - 24.14
Exports -0.02 - -2.55 - - - - -0.02 -0.11 - -2.71
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.70 - - - - - - - -0.70
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.93 - - - - - - - -0.93
Stock changes 0.23 0.02 -0.32 -0.01 - - - 0.00 - - -0.08
TPES 2.53 12.70 -0.44 4.14 - 0.58 0.71 3.13 0.81 - 24.16
Transfers - 0.05 -0.04 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences -0.01 - 0.03 -0.03 - - - -0.00 - - -0.02
Electricity plants -2.44 - -0.48 -1.96 - -0.58 -0.67 -0.27 3.42 - -2.98
CHP plants - - -0.45 -0.59 - - - -0.18 0.49 0.32 -0.42
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -12.75 12.55 - - - - - - - -0.20
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.60 -0.09 - - - - -0.20 - -0.89
Losses - - -0.01 -0.02 - - - - -0.36 - -0.39
TFC 0.07 - 10.55 1.44 - - 0.04 2.69 4.16 0.32 19.27
INDUSTRY 0.07 - 1.23 1.02 - - - 1.39 1.52 0.30 5.53
Iron and steel 0.01 - 0.01 0.05 - - - - 0.13 - 0.19
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.09 0.07 - - - 0.04 0.22 0.12 0.55
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 0.01 - - - 0.01 0.01 - 0.04
Non-metallic minerals 0.05 - 0.59 0.53 - - - 0.33 0.21 0.01 1.72
Transport equipment - - 0.01 0.02 - - - - 0.04 - 0.07
Machinery - - 0.02 0.04 - - - 0.00 0.11 - 0.17
Mining and quarrying - - 0.05 0.01 - - - - 0.05 0.02 0.13
Food and tobacco - - 0.15 0.08 - - - 0.09 0.15 0.04 0.51
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.06 0.05 - - - 0.84 0.22 0.06 1.23
Wood and wood products - - 0.02 0.01 - - - 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.13
Construction - - 0.18 0.00 - - - - 0.05 - 0.24
Textile and leather - - 0.04 0.14 - - - 0.06 0.13 0.04 0.41
Non-specified - - 0.01 0.01 - - - 0.00 0.13 - 0.15
TRANSPORT - - 6.16 0.01 - - - 0.13 0.04 - 6.35
Domestic aviation - - 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.09
Road - - 6.01 0.01 - - - 0.13 - - 6.15
Rail - - 0.02 - - - - - 0.04 - 0.07
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
Non-specified - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
OTHER - - 1.21 0.42 - - 0.04 1.16 2.60 0.01 5.45
Residential - - 0.55 0.23 - - 0.02 1.16 1.16 0.01 3.12
Comm. and public services - - 0.39 0.18 - - 0.02 - 1.36 0.01 1.95
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.27 0.01 - - - - 0.08 0.00 0.36
Fishing - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - 0.00 - - 0.00
NON-ENERGY USE - - 1.94 - - - - - - - 1.94
in industry/transf./energy - - 1.88 - - - - - - - 1.88
of which: feedstocks - - 1.46 - - - - - - - 1.46
in transport - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05
in other - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 11.20 - 4.15 15.20 - 6.80 5.99 2.14 - - 45.47
Electricity plants 11.20 - 2.16 12.89 - 6.80 5.99 0.79 - - 39.82
CHP plants - - 1.98 2.31 - - - 1.36 - - 5.65
Heat generated - PJ - - 3.99 9.26 - - - - - - 13.25
CHP plants - - 3.99 9.26 - - - - - - 13.25
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.122 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Portugal

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - - 0.70 0.87 3.48 - - 5.05
Imports 3.07 11.09 4.26 4.27 - - - 0.01 0.65 - 23.36
Exports -0.04 - -2.32 - - - - -0.00 -0.24 - -2.60
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.61 - - - - - - - -0.61
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.88 - - - - - - - -0.88
Stock changes -0.19 -0.02 -0.19 -0.05 - - - -0.01 - - -0.46
TPES 2.84 11.07 0.26 4.22 - 0.70 0.87 3.49 0.41 - 23.85
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 12.98 - 2.44 15.22 - 8.20 7.92 2.42 - - 49.17
Heat generated - PJ - - 3.68 12.33 - - - - - - 16.01

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 1.3 1.4 1.5 3.4 3.9 4.6 4.5 5.1
Net imports (Mtoe) 2.0 5.7 9.9 14.9 22.1 21.8 21.4 20.8
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 3.0 6.3 10.0 16.7 24.7 25.1 24.2 23.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 1.8 5.4 9.4 11.9 16.0 14.5 14.2 13.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 1.5 4.5 8.0 10.7 14.9 13.1 12.3 11.3
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 2.8 7.2 15.2 25.4 41.1 51.6 51.2 50.5

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 20.9 e 41.3 61.5 84.8 112.7 121.5 121.5 120.2
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 32.4 e 64.1 95.5 131.5 174.8 188.5 188.4 186.5
Population (millions) 9.23 e 8.73 9.86 10.00 10.23 10.61 10.62 10.61
Industrial production index (2005=100) 19.20 33.60 58.60 93.30 107.10 103.00 98.80 90.60

Total self-sufficiency** 0.4243 0.2206 0.1483 0.2027 0.1559 0.1841 0.1840 0.2119
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.5277 0.2608 0.1707 0.0418 - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1428 e 0.1520 0.1623 0.1975 0.2190 0.2063 0.1989 0.1984
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0921 e 0.0980 0.1046 0.1273 0.1412 0.1330 0.1282 0.1279
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.3235 e 0.7190 1.0125 1.6748 2.4128 2.3629 2.2744 2.2477

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0845 e 0.1308 0.1533 0.1406 0.1423 0.1195 0.1168 0.1084
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0697 e 0.1077 0.1299 0.1263 0.1323 0.1081 0.1009 0.0942
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.1579 e 0.5094 0.8107 1.0706 1.4579 1.2385 1.1536 1.0674

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1357 e 0.1748 0.2473 0.2994 0.3644 0.4243 0.4217 0.4199
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 307 e 827 1543 2539 4014 4861 4822 4758

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 69.84 87.24 80.60 89.37 98.36 97.13 94.10 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 47.78 106.98 111.87 105.23 109.64 87.90 81.40 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.123

Portugal
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
6 30 100%

90%
5 25
80%

70%
4 20
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
3 15 50%

40%
2 10
30%

20%
1 5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
40% 8

35% 7

30% 6

25% 5
Mtoe

20% 4

15% 3

10% 2

5% 1

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


60 700

50 600

500
40
400
1971=100
TWh

30
300
20
200

10 100

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.124 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Slovak Republic : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.55 0.26 - 0.11 4.04 0.38 0.01 0.62 - 0.00 5.98
Imports 3.97 6.11 1.25 5.13 - - - 0.05 1.17 - 17.69
Exports -0.15 -0.11 -3.87 -0.15 - - - -0.04 -1.02 - -5.35
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.05 - - - - - - - -0.05
Stock changes -0.37 -0.10 0.04 - - - - 0.00 - - -0.42
TPES 4.00 6.17 -2.63 5.09 4.04 0.38 0.01 0.63 0.15 0.00 17.85
Transfers - 0.12 -0.12 - - - - - - - 0.01
Statistical differences 0.03 0.03 - - - - - - - - 0.07
Electricity plants -0.16 - -0.00 - -0.78 -0.38 -0.00 -0.00 0.69 - -0.63
CHP plants -1.41 - -0.11 -0.43 -3.27 - - -0.11 1.71 0.54 -3.07
Heat plants -0.01 - - -0.48 - - -0.01 -0.04 -0.00 0.47 -0.06
Blast furnaces -0.75 - - - - - - - - - -0.75
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.02 - - - - - - - - - -0.02
Oil refineries - -6.71 6.83 - - - - - - - 0.12
Petrochemical plants - 0.25 -0.25 - - - - - - - -0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - 0.14 - -0.16 - - - - - - -0.03
Energy ind. own use -0.40 - -0.58 -0.19 - - - - -0.31 -0.14 -1.61
Losses -0.06 - -0.00 -0.00 - - - -0.01 -0.12 -0.13 -0.34
TFC 1.23 - 3.15 3.82 - - 0.00 0.48 2.11 0.74 11.53
INDUSTRY 0.98 - 0.25 0.98 - - - 0.34 1.05 0.06 3.66
Iron and steel 0.74 - - 0.16 - - - 0.00 0.23 - 1.13
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.15 0.08 - - - 0.02 0.15 0.04 0.44
Non-ferrous metals 0.01 - - 0.03 - - - - 0.18 - 0.22
Non-metallic minerals 0.13 - 0.06 0.22 - - - 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.50
Transport equipment 0.00 - - 0.07 - - - - 0.06 0.00 0.13
Machinery 0.00 - 0.00 0.07 - - - 0.01 0.09 - 0.18
Mining and quarrying 0.00 - 0.00 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.01 - 0.05
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.00 0.13 - - - 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.18
Paper, pulp and printing 0.07 - 0.01 0.10 - - - 0.28 0.10 0.01 0.57
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.03 0.02 - 0.05
Construction 0.00 - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05
Textile and leather - - 0.00 0.02 - - - - 0.02 0.00 0.04
Non-specified 0.03 - 0.01 0.03 - - - 0.01 0.05 - 0.14
TRANSPORT - - 1.82 0.46 - - - 0.09 0.05 - 2.42
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 1.82 - - - - 0.09 - - 1.91
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Pipeline transport - - - 0.44 - - - - - - 0.44
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.00 0.02 - - - - 0.01 - 0.03
OTHER 0.20 - 0.09 2.06 - - 0.00 0.04 1.01 0.68 4.09
Residential 0.04 - 0.01 1.11 - - - 0.04 0.40 0.48 2.08
Comm. and public services 0.15 - 0.01 0.92 - - 0.00 0.00 0.59 0.19 1.87
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.07 0.03 - - 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.14
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.05 - 0.98 0.33 - - - - - - 1.36
in industry/transf./energy 0.05 - 0.90 0.33 - - - - - - 1.28
of which: feedstocks - - 0.73 0.33 - - - - - - 1.05
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - 0.08 - - - - - - - 0.08

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 5.22 - 0.71 1.62 15.33 4.45 0.06 0.50 - - 27.89
Electricity plants 0.55 - 0.01 - 2.98 4.45 0.01 0.00 - - 8.00
CHP plants 4.67 - 0.70 1.62 12.36 - 0.05 0.50 - - 19.90
Heat generated - PJ 11.16 - 0.65 26.26 2.04 - 0.46 2.07 0.00 0.01 42.64
CHP plants 10.85 - 0.65 8.37 2.04 - - 0.92 - - 22.81
Heat plants 0.32 - 0.00 17.89 - - 0.46 1.15 0.00 0.01 19.83

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.125

Slovak Republic : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.62 0.23 - 0.09 4.40 0.35 0.01 0.72 - 0.00 6.42
Imports 3.61 5.99 1.33 5.13 - - - 0.05 0.81 - 16.92
Exports -0.17 -0.14 -3.65 -0.15 - - - -0.08 -0.76 - -4.95
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.06 - - - - - - - -0.06
Stock changes -0.06 -0.03 -0.03 0.10 - - - -0.01 - - -0.03
TPES 4.01 6.05 -2.41 5.16 4.40 0.35 0.01 0.68 0.04 0.00 18.30
Transfers - 0.10 -0.10 - - - - - - - 0.00
Statistical differences -0.08 0.04 - - - - - - - - -0.04
Electricity plants -0.19 - -0.00 - -0.93 -0.35 -0.00 -0.00 0.71 - -0.75
CHP plants -1.28 - -0.11 -0.42 -3.48 - - -0.14 1.76 0.50 -3.16
Heat plants -0.01 - - -0.44 - - -0.01 -0.04 -0.00 0.45 -0.05
Blast furnaces -0.67 - - - - - - - - - -0.67
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.10 - - - - - - - - - -0.10
Oil refineries - -6.57 6.61 - - - - - - - 0.04
Petrochemical plants - 0.22 -0.23 - - - - - - - -0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - 0.15 - -0.18 - - - - - - -0.03
Energy ind. own use -0.35 - -0.52 -0.12 - - - - -0.30 -0.10 -1.40
Losses -0.03 - - -0.10 - - - -0.00 -0.09 -0.13 -0.35
TFC 1.31 - 3.25 3.90 - - 0.00 0.50 2.13 0.71 11.81
INDUSTRY 0.97 - 0.27 0.95 - - - 0.32 1.08 0.07 3.65
Iron and steel 0.71 - - 0.15 - - - 0.00 0.21 - 1.06
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.18 0.13 - - - 0.02 0.13 0.04 0.51
Non-ferrous metals 0.01 - - 0.04 - - - - 0.22 - 0.26
Non-metallic minerals 0.16 - 0.06 0.16 - - - 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.46
Transport equipment - - - 0.06 - - - - 0.06 0.00 0.13
Machinery 0.00 - 0.00 0.08 - - - 0.01 0.12 - 0.21
Mining and quarrying - - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.00 0.11 - - - 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.16
Paper, pulp and printing 0.08 - 0.01 0.10 - - - 0.24 0.11 0.02 0.55
Wood and wood products - - - 0.01 - - - 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.07
Construction - - 0.01 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05
Textile and leather 0.00 - 0.00 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.00 0.04 - - - 0.01 0.06 - 0.13
TRANSPORT - - 1.92 0.55 - - - 0.13 0.05 - 2.64
Domestic aviation - - - - - - - - - - -
Road - - 1.92 - - - - 0.13 - - 2.05
Rail - - - - - - - - 0.04 - 0.04
Pipeline transport - - - 0.54 - - - - - - 0.54
Domestic navigation - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.00 0.01 - - - - 0.01 - 0.02
OTHER 0.29 - 0.10 2.12 - - 0.00 0.05 1.00 0.64 4.21
Residential 0.06 - 0.02 1.18 - - - 0.04 0.39 0.44 2.13
Comm. and public services 0.23 - 0.01 0.91 - - 0.00 0.01 0.58 0.20 1.94
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.07 0.03 - - 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.14
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE 0.05 - 0.96 0.29 - - - - - - 1.31
in industry/transf./energy 0.05 - 0.91 0.29 - - - - - - 1.25
of which: feedstocks - - 0.69 0.29 - - - - - - 0.99
in transport - - - - - - - - - - -
in other - - 0.05 - - - - - - - 0.05

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 5.15 - 0.68 1.61 16.70 4.04 0.05 0.54 - - 28.76
Electricity plants 0.66 - 0.01 - 3.55 4.04 0.01 0.00 - - 8.26
CHP plants 4.49 - 0.68 1.61 13.15 - 0.04 0.53 - - 20.50
Heat generated - PJ 9.87 - 0.62 24.40 2.00 - 0.38 2.52 0.00 0.00 39.80
CHP plants 9.59 - 0.61 7.67 2.00 - - 1.16 - - 21.04
Heat plants 0.29 - 0.01 16.73 - - 0.38 1.36 0.00 0.00 18.76

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.126 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Slovak Republic

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.66 0.28 - 0.09 3.73 0.38 0.01 0.71 - 0.00 5.88
Imports 3.27 5.80 1.26 6.06 - - - 0.03 0.77 - 17.19
Exports -0.15 -0.14 -3.84 -0.66 - - - -0.15 -0.66 - -5.60
Intl. marine bunkers - - - - - - - - - - -
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.04 - - - - - - - -0.04
Stock changes 0.00 -0.01 0.06 -0.43 - - - 0.00 - - -0.38
TPES 3.78 5.94 -2.57 5.05 3.73 0.38 0.01 0.60 0.11 0.00 17.05
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 4.77 - 0.63 1.49 14.08 4.46 0.04 0.50 - - 25.98
Heat generated - PJ 13.45 - 0.84 33.24 2.73 - 0.52 3.43 0.00 0.01 54.22

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) .. 2.7 3.5 5.3 6.3 6.0 6.4 5.9
Net imports (Mtoe) .. 11.6 16.2 16.4 11.5 12.3 12.0 11.6
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) .. 14.3 19.9 21.3 17.7 17.9 18.3 17.1
Net oil imports (Mtoe) .. 4.2 7.5 4.5 2.6 3.4 3.5 3.1
Oil supply (Mtoe) .. 4.4 7.5 4.5 2.8 3.5 3.6 3.4
Electricity consumption (TWh)* .. 12.3 21.7 29.4 e 26.7 e 28.3 28.5 26.5

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 9.3 e 12.9 e 16.3 e 18.9 e 20.4 31.1 33.0 31.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 27.1 e 37.4 e 47.5 e 55.0 e 59.3 90.3 95.9 92.1
Population (millions) 3.99 4.56 4.98 5.30 5.40 5.40 5.41 5.40
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. 86.60 77.20 130.30 136.70 118.70

Total self-sufficiency** .. 0.1887 0.1746 0.2478 0.3565 0.3348 0.3507 0.3447


Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. 0.2114 0.2070 0.1783 0.2384 0.1375 0.1556 0.1752
Oil self-sufficiency** .. 0.0373 0.0059 0.0172 0.0208 0.0733 0.0636 0.0839
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.3785 0.0738 0.0665 0.0230 0.0214 0.0169 0.0173

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 1.1090 1.2156 e 1.1278 e 0.8704 0.5744 0.5548 0.5384
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3815 0.4182 e 0.3880 e 0.2994 0.1976 0.1908 0.1851
TPES/population (toe per capita) .. 3.1275 3.9825 4.0256 3.2851 3.3071 3.3859 3.1592

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3260 0.4576 e 0.2380 e 0.1292 0.1089 0.1071 0.0973
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) .. 0.3397 0.4590 e 0.2375 e 0.1384 0.1139 0.1104 0.1066
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) .. 0.9579 1.5036 0.8476 0.5222 0.6557 0.6741 0.6254

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) .. 0.9559 1.3293 e 1.5531 e 1.3100 e 0.9119 0.8632 0.8375
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) .. 2696 4355 5543 e 4945 e 5251 5268 4914

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 181.92 131.67 78.22 73.96 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 301.40 173.05 79.93 77.76 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.127

Slovak Republic
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
8 25 100%

90%
7
20 80%
6
70%
5
15 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
4 50%
10 40%
3
30%
2
5 20%
1
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
40% 7

35% 6

30%
5

25%
4
Mtoe

20%
3
15%
2
10%

1
5%

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


35 250

30
200
25

150
20
1971=100
TWh

15 100

10
50
5

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.128 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Spain : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 5.46 0.14 - 0.02 14.36 2.34 2.52 5.42 - - 30.26
Imports 14.65 60.12 29.99 31.50 - - - 0.13 0.75 - 137.14
Exports -1.33 - -10.67 - - - - -0.13 -1.25 - -13.37
Intl. marine bunkers - - -8.38 - - - - - - - -8.38
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.40 - - - - - - - -3.40
Stock changes 1.23 -0.04 0.17 0.26 - - - - - - 1.62
TPES 20.01 60.23 7.71 31.77 14.36 2.34 2.52 5.43 -0.49 - 143.87
Transfers - 1.22 -1.27 - - - - - - - -0.05
Statistical differences 0.42 - 0.03 0.07 - - - 0.00 0.11 - 0.62
Electricity plants -17.47 - -3.58 -10.61 -14.36 -2.34 -2.42 -0.78 23.25 - -28.30
CHP plants -0.07 - -0.58 -3.16 - - - -0.47 2.70 - -1.58
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.65 e - - - - - - - - - -0.65
Gas works - - -0.06 0.04 - - - - - - -0.02
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.15 - - - - - - - - - -0.15
Oil refineries - -61.52 60.44 - - - - - - - -1.09
Petrochemical plants - 0.09 -0.09 - - - - - - - -0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.47 - -4.46 -1.78 - - -0.00 - -1.72 - -8.43
Losses -0.02 - - -0.12 - - - - -1.29 - -1.43
TFC 1.59 0.01 58.14 16.22 - - 0.10 4.18 22.55 - 102.79
INDUSTRY 1.29 0.01 5.55 10.08 - - 0.00 1.62 8.75 - 27.30
Iron and steel 0.75 e - 0.38 0.68 - - - 0.00 1.49 - 3.30
Chemical and petrochem. 0.13 0.01 0.59 2.55 - - - 0.01 1.09 - 4.39
Non-ferrous metals 0.08 - 0.14 0.14 - - 0.00 - 0.97 - 1.32
Non-metallic minerals 0.26 - 2.68 2.61 - - 0.00 0.14 1.08 - 6.78
Transport equipment - - 0.15 0.28 - - 0.00 - 0.34 - 0.78
Machinery - - 0.22 0.44 - - 0.00 0.00 0.60 - 1.26
Mining and quarrying - - 0.12 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.13 - 0.33
Food and tobacco 0.03 - 0.47 0.56 - - 0.00 0.30 0.95 - 2.32
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.26 0.82 - - 0.00 0.65 0.70 - 2.43
Wood and wood products - - 0.05 0.08 - - - 0.41 0.20 - 0.74
Construction - - 0.12 0.08 - - 0.00 0.01 0.26 - 0.46
Textile and leather - - 0.13 0.16 - - 0.00 0.01 0.27 - 0.56
Non-specified 0.04 - 0.25 1.60 - - 0.00 0.09 0.67 - 2.65
TRANSPORT - - 37.90 0.07 - - - 0.39 0.25 - 38.61
Domestic aviation - - 2.47 - - - - - - - 2.47
Road - - 33.23 - - - - 0.39 - - 33.61
Rail - - 0.75 - - - - - 0.24 - 0.99
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 1.46 - - - - - - - 1.46
Non-specified - - - 0.07 - - - - 0.00 - 0.07
OTHER 0.22 - 7.26 5.59 - - 0.10 2.17 13.55 - 28.90
Residential 0.18 - 3.67 3.78 - - 0.07 2.04 6.13 - 15.87
Comm. and public services - - 1.52 0.78 - - 0.02 0.11 6.66 - 9.10
Agriculture/forestry - - 2.07 0.34 - - 0.01 0.02 0.52 - 2.95
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.03 - - 0.69 - - 0.00 0.01 0.24 - 0.97
NON-ENERGY USE 0.08 - 7.43 0.48 - - - - - - 7.98
in industry/transf./energy 0.08 - 7.02 0.48 - - - - - - 7.58
of which: feedstocks 0.06 - 4.05 0.48 - - - - - - 4.59
in transport - - 0.37 - - - - - - - 0.37
in other - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 74.09 - 18.51 94.80 55.10 27.23 28.40 3.64 - - 301.76
Electricity plants 73.66 - 14.64 69.64 55.10 27.23 28.09 2.02 - - 270.38
CHP plants 0.43 - 3.87 25.16 - - 0.31 1.62 - - 31.38
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.129

Spain : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 4.19 0.13 - 0.01 15.37 2.02 3.13 5.57 - - 30.42
Imports 12.55 61.66 26.02 35.27 - - - 0.31 0.51 - 136.31
Exports -1.50 - -10.24 -0.04 - - - -0.08 -1.46 - -13.32
Intl. marine bunkers - - -8.70 - - - - - - - -8.70
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -3.41 - - - - - - - -3.41
Stock changes -1.76 -0.34 -0.07 -0.34 - - - - - - -2.51
TPES 13.48 61.45 3.60 34.90 15.37 2.02 3.13 5.80 -0.95 - 138.79
Transfers - 0.72 -0.73 - - - - - - - -0.01
Statistical differences 0.41 - -0.45 0.02 - - - 0.01 0.02 - 0.01
Electricity plants -11.20 - -3.35 -14.72 -15.37 -2.02 -2.99 -1.00 24.01 - -26.64
CHP plants -0.04 - -0.63 -3.23 - - - -0.42 2.75 - -1.58
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -0.63 e - - - - - - - - - -0.63
Gas works - - -0.06 0.04 - - - - - - -0.01
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.05 - - - - - - - - - -0.05
Oil refineries - -62.24 61.09 - - - - - - - -1.14
Petrochemical plants - 0.09 -0.09 - - - - - - - -0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.52 - -4.23 -1.66 - - -0.00 -0.10 -1.72 - -8.23
Losses -0.03 - - -0.13 - - - - -1.29 - -1.45
TFC 1.43 0.01 55.15 15.23 - - 0.14 4.29 22.82 - 99.07
INDUSTRY 1.12 0.01 5.26 9.35 - - 0.00 1.50 8.88 - 26.12
Iron and steel 0.69 e - 0.35 0.66 - - - 0.00 1.51 - 3.20
Chemical and petrochem. 0.16 0.01 0.60 2.46 - - 0.00 0.01 1.10 - 4.35
Non-ferrous metals 0.04 - 0.13 0.13 - - 0.00 - 0.98 - 1.27
Non-metallic minerals 0.16 - 2.54 2.52 - - 0.00 0.14 1.09 - 6.45
Transport equipment - - 0.15 0.27 - - 0.00 - 0.35 - 0.77
Machinery - - 0.21 0.42 - - 0.00 0.00 0.60 - 1.24
Mining and quarrying - - 0.11 0.09 - - - 0.00 0.13 - 0.33
Food and tobacco 0.04 - 0.46 0.48 - - 0.00 0.33 0.96 - 2.26
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.28 0.75 - - 0.00 0.51 0.71 - 2.24
Wood and wood products - - 0.04 0.07 - - - 0.40 0.20 - 0.72
Construction - - 0.12 0.07 - - 0.00 0.01 0.26 - 0.45
Textile and leather - - 0.12 0.15 - - 0.00 0.01 0.27 - 0.54
Non-specified 0.02 - 0.17 1.28 - - 0.00 0.09 0.72 - 2.29
TRANSPORT - - 35.86 0.07 - - - 0.61 0.25 - 36.78
Domestic aviation - - 2.39 - - - - - - - 2.39
Road - - 31.44 - - - - 0.61 - - 32.05
Rail - - 0.72 - - - - - 0.25 - 0.96
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 1.32 - - - - - - - 1.32
Non-specified - - - 0.07 - - - - 0.00 - 0.07
OTHER 0.23 - 6.82 5.40 - - 0.13 2.18 13.69 - 28.45
Residential 0.19 - 3.52 3.64 - - 0.10 2.05 6.20 - 15.70
Comm. and public services - - 1.46 0.85 - - 0.03 0.09 6.73 - 9.15
Agriculture/forestry - - 1.83 0.32 - - 0.01 0.03 0.52 - 2.71
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.04 - - 0.59 - - 0.00 0.01 0.25 - 0.88
NON-ENERGY USE 0.08 - 7.22 0.41 - - - - - - 7.71
in industry/transf./energy 0.08 - 6.96 0.41 - - - - - - 7.46
of which: feedstocks 0.06 - 4.04 0.41 - - - - - - 4.52
in transport - - 0.22 - - - - - - - 0.22
in other - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 49.97 - 18.00 121.56 58.97 23.50 35.09 4.04 - - 311.13
Electricity plants 49.66 - 13.58 95.91 58.97 23.50 34.78 2.78 - - 279.19
CHP plants 0.31 - 4.42 25.65 - - 0.31 1.26 - - 31.95
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.130 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Spain

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 3.89 0.13 - 0.01 13.74 2.26 3.85 6.03 - - 29.92
Imports 10.06 56.71 25.66 31.76 - - - - 0.58 - 124.77
Exports -0.94 - -11.07 -0.89 - - - - -1.28 - -14.18
Intl. marine bunkers - - -8.64 - - - - - - - -8.64
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -2.73 - - - - - - - -2.73
Stock changes -2.02 0.82 -0.09 0.34 - - - - - - -0.95
TPES 11.00 57.66 3.13 31.23 13.74 2.26 3.85 6.03 -0.70 - 128.19
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 37.40 - 17.45 110.39 52.73 26.25 43.06 4.21 - - 291.49
Heat generated - PJ - - - - - - - - - - -

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 9.8 10.5 15.8 34.6 31.7 30.3 30.4 29.9
Net imports (Mtoe) 6.6 35.5 55.4 60.4 100.2 123.8 123.0 110.6
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 16.2 42.6 67.7 90.1 122.0 143.9 138.8 128.2
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 6.4 33.6 49.9 49.7 71.5 79.4 77.4 71.3
Oil supply (Mtoe) 6.0 30.1 49.8 45.5 62.1 67.9 65.1 60.8
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 15.1 52.5 99.1 137.5 209.7 284.3 287.7 271.2

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 113.2 e 241.9 330.0 440.6 580.7 734.6 740.9 722.4
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 167.3 e 357.6 487.9 651.5 858.5 1086.1 1095.4 1068.1
Population (millions) 30.40 e 34.33 37.67 39.01 40.26 44.87 45.59 46.12
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. 43.10 65.60 79.10 97.80 106.00 98.40 82.80

Total self-sufficiency** 0.6088 0.2453 0.2330 0.3839 0.2597 0.2103 0.2192 0.2334
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.9550 0.7733 0.7905 0.6089 0.3808 0.2727 0.3113 0.3541
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0109 0.0042 0.0360 0.0257 0.0037 0.0021 0.0020 0.0022
Gas self-sufficiency** .. 0.0040 - 0.2562 0.0097 0.0005 0.0004 0.0004

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1429 e 0.1762 0.2051 0.2044 0.2100 0.1959 0.1873 0.1775
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0966 e 0.1191 0.1388 0.1383 0.1420 0.1325 0.1267 0.1200
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.5318 e 1.2409 1.7971 2.3091 3.0287 3.2061 3.0442 2.7794

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0567 e 0.1389 0.1513 0.1127 0.1231 0.1081 0.1045 0.0987
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0531 e 0.1245 0.1508 0.1032 0.1070 0.0925 0.0878 0.0841
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.1975 e 0.8770 1.3214 1.1655 1.5424 1.5140 1.4268 1.3180

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1332 e 0.2172 0.3004 0.3120 0.3610 0.3870 0.3883 0.3754
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 496 e 1530 2632 3524 5207 6336 6310 5880

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 105.68 93.04 82.04 89.87 85.63 88.78 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. 202.60 185.52 106.27 112.38 91.28 95.61 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.131

Spain
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
40 160 100%

90%
35 140
80%
30 120
70%
25 100
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
20 80 50%

15 60 40%

30%
10 40
20%
5 20
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
90% 40

80% 35

70% 30
60%
25
50%
Mtoe

20
40%
15
30%
10
20%

10% 5

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


350 450

400
300
350
250
300
200
1971=100

250
TWh

150 200

150
100
100
50 50

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.132 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Sweden : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.16 - - - 17.45 5.69 0.13 9.87 - 0.28 33.58
Imports 2.47 18.57 7.54 0.91 - - - - 1.38 - 30.87
Exports -0.02 -0.66 -9.95 - - - - - -1.27 - -11.90
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.05 - - - - - - - -2.05
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.65 - - - - - - - -0.65
Stock changes 0.04 0.01 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.17
TPES 2.65 17.92 -4.99 0.91 17.45 5.69 0.13 9.87 0.11 0.28 50.03
Transfers - 1.13 -1.02 - - - - - - - 0.11
Statistical differences 0.16 -0.11 1.22 -0.08 - - - - - - 1.19
Electricity plants - - -0.03 - -17.45 -5.69 -0.12 - 11.58 - -11.72
CHP plants -0.64 - -0.19 -0.28 - - - -3.35 1.22 2.52 -0.72
Heat plants -0.12 - -0.10 -0.01 - - - -1.20 -0.16 1.44 -0.16
Blast furnaces -0.58 e - - - - - - - - - -0.58
Gas works - - -0.02 0.02 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.42 - -0.04 - - - - - - - -0.45
Oil refineries - -18.94 18.08 - - - - - - - -0.86
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.10 - -0.66 -0.00 - - - - -0.56 - -1.32
Losses -0.05 - - -0.00 - - - - -0.92 -0.15 -1.12
TFC 0.90 - 12.24 0.56 - - 0.01 5.32 11.27 4.09 34.40
INDUSTRY 0.88 - 1.51 0.36 - - - 4.08 4.99 0.38 12.20
Iron and steel 0.52 e - 0.34 0.03 - - - - 0.45 - 1.35
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.12 0.15 - - - 0.01 0.53 - 0.81
Non-ferrous metals 0.03 - 0.02 0.01 - - - - 0.28 - 0.34
Non-metallic minerals 0.18 - 0.15 0.03 - - - 0.00 0.10 - 0.46
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.05 0.01 - - - - 0.22 - 0.29
Machinery - - 0.10 0.01 - - - - 0.15 - 0.26
Mining and quarrying 0.09 - 0.07 - - - - - 0.22 - 0.38
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.10 0.08 - - - 0.01 0.21 - 0.40
Paper, pulp and printing 0.02 - 0.40 0.02 - - - 3.61 2.13 - 6.19
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.03 0.00 - - - 0.42 0.19 - 0.64
Construction - - - 0.00 - - - - 0.08 - 0.08
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.00 - - - - 0.02 - 0.04
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.12 0.02 - - - 0.03 0.42 0.38 0.97
TRANSPORT - - 7.53 0.02 - - - 0.28 0.25 - 8.09
Domestic aviation - - 0.29 - - - - - - - 0.29
Road - - 7.13 0.02 - - - 0.28 - - 7.44
Rail - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.25 - 0.26
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.11 - - - - - - - 0.11
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 0.79 0.18 - - 0.01 0.96 6.03 3.71 11.68
Residential - - 0.15 0.05 - - 0.01 0.60 3.41 2.51 6.73
Comm. and public services - - 0.39 0.10 - - - 0.04 2.45 1.20 4.18
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.20 0.02 - - - 0.31 0.18 0.01 0.72
Fishing - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Non-specified - - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.02
NON-ENERGY USE 0.02 - 2.40 - - - - - - - 2.43
in industry/transf./energy 0.02 - 2.20 - - - - - - - 2.22
of which: feedstocks - - 1.49 - - - - - - - 1.49
in transport - - 0.21 - - - - - - - 0.21
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 1.71 - 1.08 0.82 66.97 66.16 1.43 10.66 - - 148.82
Electricity plants - - 0.10 - 66.97 66.16 1.43 - - - 134.67
CHP plants 1.71 - 0.97 0.82 - - - 10.66 - - 14.16
Heat generated - PJ 19.37 - 7.14 8.29 - - - 120.83 0.88 20.96 177.47
CHP plants 15.25 - 3.46 7.93 - - - 78.82 0.39 5.07 110.92
Heat plants 4.12 - 3.68 0.36 - - - 42.00 0.50 15.89 66.54

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.133

Sweden : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.25 - - - 16.65 5.94 0.18 9.94 - 0.28 33.24
Imports 2.30 21.74 7.41 0.83 - - - - 1.10 - 33.37
Exports -0.03 -0.47 -11.93 - - - - - -1.27 - -13.69
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.01 - - - - - - - -2.01
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.78 - - - - - - - -0.78
Stock changes -0.09 -0.44 -0.00 - - - - - - - -0.54
TPES 2.43 20.83 -7.31 0.83 16.65 5.94 0.18 9.94 -0.17 0.28 49.59
Transfers - 1.06 -0.96 - - - - - - - 0.09
Statistical differences 0.37 -0.01 0.20 -0.05 - - - -0.00 - - 0.52
Electricity plants - - -0.03 - -16.65 -5.94 -0.17 - 11.62 - -11.17
CHP plants -0.72 - -0.12 -0.21 - - - -3.50 1.27 2.61 -0.67
Heat plants -0.10 - -0.06 -0.01 - - - -1.16 -0.15 1.35 -0.13
Blast furnaces -0.61 e - - - - - - - - - -0.61
Gas works - - -0.02 0.02 e - - - - - - 0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.41 - -0.04 - - - - - - - -0.45
Oil refineries - -21.88 21.09 - - - - - - - -0.79
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.10 - -0.78 -0.00 e - - - - -0.57 - -1.45
Losses -0.05 - - -0.00 - - - - -0.94 -0.18 -1.17
TFC 0.82 - 11.96 0.58 - - 0.01 5.27 11.06 4.06 33.77
INDUSTRY 0.80 - 1.30 0.37 - - - 3.86 4.96 0.38 11.67
Iron and steel 0.44 e - 0.31 0.03 e - - - - 0.45 - 1.23
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.09 0.16 e - - - 0.01 0.51 - 0.77
Non-ferrous metals 0.04 - 0.03 0.01 e - - - - 0.26 - 0.33
Non-metallic minerals 0.20 - 0.11 0.03 e - - - - 0.11 - 0.44
Transport equipment 0.01 - 0.03 0.01 e - - - - 0.18 - 0.23
Machinery - - 0.07 0.01 e - - - - 0.13 - 0.21
Mining and quarrying 0.08 - 0.08 - - - - - 0.26 - 0.41
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.08 0.08 e - - - 0.02 0.21 - 0.40
Paper, pulp and printing 0.01 - 0.38 0.02 e - - - 3.44 2.11 - 5.96
Wood and wood products 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 e - - - 0.38 0.19 - 0.59
Construction - - - 0.00 e - - - - 0.08 - 0.08
Textile and leather - - 0.01 0.00 e - - - - 0.02 - 0.04
Non-specified 0.01 - 0.10 0.02 e - - - 0.01 0.45 0.38 0.97
TRANSPORT - - 7.68 0.02 - - - 0.37 0.20 - 8.27
Domestic aviation - - 0.21 - - - - - - - 0.21
Road - - 7.38 0.02 e - - - 0.37 - - 7.78
Rail - - 0.00 - - - - - 0.20 - 0.21
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.08 - - - - - - - 0.08
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER - - 0.67 0.18 - - 0.01 1.04 5.90 3.69 11.49
Residential - - 0.10 0.05 e - - 0.01 0.68 3.35 2.45 6.64
Comm. and public services - - 0.34 0.10 e - - - 0.05 2.42 1.22 4.13
Agriculture/forestry - - 0.19 0.02 e - - - 0.32 0.14 0.01 0.68
Fishing - - 0.04 - - - - - - - 0.04
Non-specified - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
NON-ENERGY USE 0.02 - 2.31 - - - - - - - 2.33
in industry/transf./energy 0.02 - 2.08 - - - - - - - 2.10
of which: feedstocks - - 1.33 - - - - - - - 1.33
in transport - - 0.23 - - - - - - - 0.23
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 2.24 - 0.87 0.60 63.89 69.07 2.00 11.23 - - 149.89
Electricity plants - - 0.17 - 63.89 69.07 2.00 - - - 135.13
CHP plants 2.24 - 0.71 0.60 - - - 11.23 - - 14.77
Heat generated - PJ 20.66 - 4.06 6.41 - - - 125.46 0.52 20.51 177.63
CHP plants 17.34 - 1.94 6.01 - - - 84.14 0.19 5.24 114.86
Heat plants 3.32 - 2.13 0.41 - - - 41.32 0.33 15.27 62.78

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.134 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Sweden

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 0.19 - - - 13.04 5.60 0.22 9.50 - 0.27 28.82
Imports 1.54 19.55 7.37 1.11 - - - - 1.18 - 30.75
Exports -0.19 -0.38 -11.70 - - - - - -0.78 - -13.05
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.09 - - - - - - - -2.09
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -0.73 - - - - - - - -0.73
Stock changes -0.03 0.32 -0.51 - - - - - - - -0.21
TPES 1.51 19.49 -7.66 1.11 13.04 5.60 0.22 9.50 0.40 0.27 43.49
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 1.63 - 1.07 1.29 50.02 65.12 2.49 11.92 - - 133.54
Heat generated - PJ 15.14 - 8.01 11.34 - - - 127.21 0.64 19.73 182.06

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 5.5 7.4 16.1 29.7 30.5 33.6 33.2 28.8
Net imports (Mtoe) 15.9 31.1 27.6 18.3 19.3 19.0 19.7 17.7
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 20.2 36.0 40.5 47.2 47.6 50.0 49.6 43.5
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 13.5 29.2 25.9 15.3 15.7 15.5 16.8 14.8
Oil supply (Mtoe) 12.2 26.8 22.6 14.3 13.6 12.9 13.5 11.8
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 30.0 62.2 89.0 135.5 139.1 139.6 137.1 127.4

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 84.9 e 134.8 162.2 201.5 245.6 297.8 297.2 285.4
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 85.1 e 135.2 162.7 202.1 246.3 298.7 298.1 286.2
Population (millions) 7.48 e 8.10 8.31 8.56 8.87 9.15 9.26 9.29
Industrial production index (2005=100) 25.50 46.70 50.90 64.30 92.40 107.70 104.50 85.80

Total self-sufficiency** 0.2714 0.2049 0.3984 0.6289 0.6418 0.6713 0.6703 0.6626
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.0585 .. 0.0042 0.0565 0.0660 0.0586 0.1030 0.1244
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0081 .. 0.0011 0.0002 - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2380 e 0.2673 0.2496 0.2342 0.1937 0.1680 0.1669 0.1524
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2373 e 0.2665 0.2489 0.2335 0.1931 0.1675 0.1664 0.1520
TPES/population (toe per capita) 2.7005 e 4.4506 4.8719 5.5144 5.3602 5.4691 5.3578 4.6807

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1585 e 0.2168 0.1598 0.0758 0.0641 0.0520 0.0564 0.0520
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1440 e 0.1987 0.1396 0.0710 0.0553 0.0434 0.0455 0.0415
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 1.6338 e 3.3082 2.7243 1.6711 1.5295 1.4136 1.4604 1.2739

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.3529 e 0.4609 0.5485 0.6726 0.5666 0.4687 0.4613 0.4463
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 4005 e 7675 10704 15836 15682 15258 14811 13707

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 262.50 214.88 187.61 151.69 117.24 95.25 93.78 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 438.31 432.78 304.87 157.66 127.35 87.89 82.68 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.135

Sweden
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
40 60 100%

90%
35
50
80%
30
70%
40
25
60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
20 30 50%

15 40%
20
30%
10
20%
10
5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
80% 18

70% 16

14
60%
12
50%
10
Mtoe

40%
8
30%
6
20% 4

10% 2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


180 250

160

140 200

120
150
1971=100

100
TWh

80
100
60

40 50
20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.136 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Switzerland : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - 7.31 3.03 0.19 2.09 - 0.00 12.62
Imports 0.21 4.87 7.13 2.63 - - - 0.02 2.99 - 17.85
Exports - - -0.54 - - - - -0.01 -3.17 - -3.71
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.01
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.31 - - - - - - - -1.31
Stock changes -0.03 0.05 0.26 - - - - - - - 0.28
TPES 0.18 4.92 5.54 2.63 7.31 3.03 0.19 2.10 -0.18 0.00 25.72
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - -0.00 0.72 - - - - 0.00 - - 0.71
Electricity plants - - -0.01 -0.00 -7.28 -3.03 -0.00 -0.06 5.45 - -4.93
CHP plants - - -0.02 -0.09 -0.03 - - -0.58 0.26 0.30 -0.16
Heat plants - - -0.01 -0.11 - - - -0.00 -0.00 0.10 -0.02
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - -0.00 0.00 - - - - - - -0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -4.92 4.87 - - - - - - - -0.05
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.33 - - - - - -0.23 - -0.56
Losses - - - -0.02 - - - - -0.36 -0.04 -0.42
TFC 0.18 - 10.75 2.41 - - 0.19 1.46 4.94 0.37 20.30
INDUSTRY 0.17 - 0.76 0.89 - - 0.01 0.49 1.63 0.15 4.10
Iron and steel 0.01 - 0.01 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.14 - 0.25
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.09 0.29 - - - 0.08 0.31 0.03 e 0.81
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 0.02 - - - - 0.03 0.00 e 0.05
Non-metallic minerals 0.15 - 0.07 0.05 - - - 0.11 0.09 0.00 e 0.48
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery .. - 0.15 0.06 - - - 0.00 0.29 0.02 e 0.53
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - - - -
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.11 0.17 - - - 0.00 0.16 0.01 e 0.45
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.08 0.12 - - - 0.08 0.22 0.07 e 0.57
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction .. - 0.09 0.01 - - - 0.07 0.05 - 0.22
Textile and leather - - 0.02 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.03 0.00 e 0.07
Non-specified - - 0.13 0.05 - - 0.01 0.13 0.30 0.02 e 0.64
TRANSPORT - - 5.70 0.01 - - - 0.01 0.26 - 5.98
Domestic aviation - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
Road - - 5.62 0.01 - - - 0.01 - - 5.64
Rail - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.26 - 0.28
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.01 - 3.72 1.52 - - 0.18 0.96 3.04 0.22 9.65
Residential 0.01 - 2.58 0.94 - - 0.14 0.31 1.50 0.13 5.62
Comm. and public services - - 1.00 0.50 - - 0.02 0.62 1.45 0.09 3.68
Agriculture/forestry - - - - - - 0.01 0.03 0.09 - 0.13
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.14 0.08 - - 0.00 - - - 0.23
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.57 - - - - - - - 0.57
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.55 - - - - - - - 0.55
of which: feedstocks - - 0.12 - - - - - - - 0.12
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.19 0.75 27.93 35.25 0.04 2.31 - - 66.46
Electricity plants - - 0.04 - 27.93 35.25 0.04 0.17 - - 63.43
CHP plants - - 0.15 0.75 - - - 2.14 - - 3.03
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.36 4.43 1.27 - - 10.95 - 0.06 17.07
CHP plants - - 0.11 0.39 1.27 - - 10.93 - - 12.69
Heat plants - - 0.26 4.04 - - - 0.02 - 0.06 4.38

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.137

Switzerland : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - 7.25 3.10 0.23 2.15 - 0.00 12.73
Imports 0.16 5.30 7.89 2.81 - - - 0.02 2.72 - 18.89
Exports - - -0.63 - - - - -0.01 -2.82 - -3.45
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.01
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.40 - - - - - - - -1.40
Stock changes 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 - - - - - - - -0.06
TPES 0.16 5.27 5.82 2.81 7.25 3.10 0.23 2.16 -0.10 0.00 26.70
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences - 0.00 0.44 - - - - - - - 0.44
Electricity plants - - -0.00 - -7.22 -3.10 -0.00 -0.06 5.50 - -4.88
CHP plants - - -0.02 -0.10 -0.03 - - -0.63 0.27 0.32 -0.19
Heat plants - - -0.01 -0.11 - - - -0.00 -0.00 0.10 -0.02
Blast furnaces - - - - - - - - - - -
Gas works - - -0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil refineries - -5.27 5.23 - - - - - - - -0.04
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use - - -0.36 - - - - - -0.25 - -0.61
Losses - - - -0.02 - - - - -0.37 -0.04 -0.43
TFC 0.16 - 11.10 2.57 - - 0.22 1.47 5.05 0.39 20.97
INDUSTRY 0.15 - 0.76 0.92 - - 0.01 0.46 1.66 0.16 4.12
Iron and steel 0.02 - 0.01 0.08 - - - 0.00 0.13 - 0.24
Chemical and petrochem. - - 0.08 0.29 - - - 0.09 0.31 0.03 e 0.79
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.00 0.02 - - - - 0.03 0.00 e 0.06
Non-metallic minerals 0.13 - 0.08 0.06 - - - 0.12 0.10 0.00 e 0.49
Transport equipment - - - - - - - - - - -
Machinery - - 0.20 0.09 - - - 0.00 0.37 0.02 e 0.68
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - - - -
Food and tobacco 0.00 - 0.10 0.17 - - - 0.00 0.17 0.01 e 0.46
Paper, pulp and printing - - 0.07 0.12 - - - 0.07 0.22 0.08 e 0.56
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.10 0.01 - - - 0.06 0.05 - 0.22
Textile and leather - - 0.02 0.02 - - - 0.00 0.03 0.00 e 0.07
Non-specified - - 0.10 0.06 - - 0.01 0.11 0.25 0.02 e 0.55
TRANSPORT - - 5.83 0.01 - - - 0.01 0.27 - 6.12
Domestic aviation - - 0.06 - - - - - - - 0.06
Road - - 5.75 0.01 - - - 0.01 - - 5.77
Rail - - 0.01 - - - - - 0.27 - 0.28
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 0.01 - - - - - - - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
OTHER 0.01 - 3.96 1.64 - - 0.21 1.01 3.12 0.23 10.17
Residential 0.01 - 2.73 1.02 - - 0.17 0.41 1.54 0.14 6.02
Comm. and public services - - 1.06 0.53 - - 0.03 0.58 1.50 0.09 3.78
Agriculture/forestry - - - - - - 0.01 0.02 0.09 - 0.12
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - 0.17 0.09 - - 0.00 - - - 0.26
NON-ENERGY USE - - 0.55 - - - - - - - 0.55
in industry/transf./energy - - 0.52 - - - - - - - 0.52
of which: feedstocks - - 0.13 - - - - - - - 0.13
in transport - - 0.03 - - - - - - - 0.03
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.14 0.75 27.70 36.04 0.05 2.40 - - 67.09
Electricity plants - - 0.01 - 27.70 36.04 0.05 0.18 - - 63.98
CHP plants - - 0.13 0.75 - - - 2.22 - - 3.11
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.33 4.90 1.29 - - 11.36 - 0.11 17.98
CHP plants - - 0.09 0.84 1.29 - - 11.34 - - 13.56
Heat plants - - 0.24 4.05 - - - 0.02 - 0.11 4.42

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.138 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Switzerland

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production - - - - 7.25 3.07 0.27 2.15 - 0.00 12.73
Imports 0.17 4.98 8.47 2.69 - - - 0.03 2.70 - 19.03
Exports - - -0.49 - - - - -0.01 -2.88 - -3.39
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.01 - - - - - - - -0.01
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.35 - - - - - - - -1.35
Stock changes -0.02 0.03 -0.12 - - - - - - - -0.10
TPES 0.15 5.01 6.51 2.69 7.25 3.07 0.27 2.16 -0.19 0.00 26.92
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh - - 0.15 0.77 27.69 35.72 0.05 2.44 - - 66.81
Heat generated - PJ - - 0.32 4.85 1.30 - - 11.25 - 0.10 17.82

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 2.1 2.9 7.0 10.0 11.6 12.6 12.7 12.7
Net imports (Mtoe) 5.7 14.1 14.1 15.0 14.1 14.1 15.4 15.7
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 7.5 16.4 20.0 24.0 24.6 25.7 26.7 26.9
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 4.2 13.7 13.4 13.2 12.1 11.5 12.6 13.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 3.8 13.1 12.5 12.3 11.0 10.5 11.1 11.5
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 16.4 28.7 37.9 50.4 56.4 61.7 63.5 62.1

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 101.0 e 166.2 180.7 224.8 249.9 286.3 291.4 290.7
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 92.1 e 151.6 164.8 205.0 228.0 261.2 265.8 265.2
Population (millions) 5.40 e 6.34 6.39 6.80 7.21 7.62 7.71 7.68
Industrial production index (2005=100) 34.20 58.90 64.30 78.30 99.00 118.10 119.60 110.20

Total self-sufficiency** 0.2833 0.1772 0.3508 0.4148 0.4726 0.4907 0.4768 0.4730
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Oil self-sufficiency** .. .. - - - - - -
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - 0.0018 - - - -

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0738 e 0.0986 0.1109 0.1070 0.0985 0.0898 0.0916 0.0926
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0809 e 0.1081 0.1216 0.1172 0.1080 0.0985 0.1004 0.1015
TPES/population (toe per capita) 1.3795 e 2.5838 3.1380 3.5372 3.4159 3.3763 3.4632 3.5029

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0414 e 0.0827 0.0742 0.0587 0.0484 0.0400 0.0431 0.0446
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0376 e 0.0787 0.0692 0.0545 0.0441 0.0365 0.0381 0.0396
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.7038 e 2.0614 1.9594 1.8033 1.5293 1.3721 1.4385 1.4985

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.1622 e 0.1726 0.2096 0.2242 0.2256 0.2153 0.2180 0.2137
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 3033 e 4521 5931 7415 7820 8092 8240 8084

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 164.93 161.34 150.58 106.47 97.25 85.42 84.42 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 284.37 411.65 306.76 116.98 103.06 80.73 78.20 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.139

Switzerland
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
14 30 100%

90%
12 25
80%
10 70%
20
60%
8
Mtoe

Mtoe
15 50%
6
40%
10
4 30%

20%
2 5
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
60% 12

50% 10

40% 8
Mtoe

30% 6

20% 4

10% 2

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


80 200

70 180
160
60
140
50 120
1971=100
TWh

40 100
80
30
60
20
40
10 20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.140 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Turkey : 2007
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 14.79 2.11 - 0.74 - 3.08 1.50 5.05 - - 27.27
Imports 14.64 23.28 14.34 29.78 - - - - 0.07 - 82.12
Exports - - -6.09 -0.03 - - - - -0.21 - -6.33
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.83 - - - - - - - -0.83
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.15 - - - - - - - -1.15
Stock changes -0.05 0.09 -1.04 -0.08 - - - - - - -1.08
TPES 29.39 25.48 5.23 30.42 - 3.08 1.50 5.05 -0.13 - 100.01
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences 0.01 0.12 -0.01 - - - - - - - 0.11
Electricity plants -13.12 - -1.15 -13.93 - -3.08 -0.16 -0.05 15.72 - -15.78
CHP plants -0.18 - -0.26 -1.88 - - - -0.01 0.76 1.03 -0.54
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.39 e - - - - - - - - - -1.39
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.40 - - - - - - - - - -0.40
Oil refineries - -25.65 25.70 - - - - - - - 0.05
Petrochemical plants - 0.06 -0.06 - - - - - - - -0.00
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.30 - -1.49 -0.53 - - - - -0.91 - -3.24
Losses -0.02 - - -0.02 - - - - -2.29 - -2.33
TFC 13.98 - 27.95 14.05 - - 1.33 5.00 13.14 1.03 76.48
INDUSTRY 11.23 - 1.42 3.72 - - 0.13 - 6.14 1.03 23.67
Iron and steel 0.95 e - 0.02 0.68 - - - - 1.33 - 2.98
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.43 0.91 - - - - 0.35 - 1.70
Non-ferrous metals 0.11 - 0.14 0.49 - - - - 0.26 - 1.01
Non-metallic minerals 0.10 - 0.03 0.56 - - - - 0.67 - 1.36
Transport equipment - - - 0.03 - - - - - - 0.03
Machinery 0.02 - - 0.03 - - - - 0.24 - 0.28
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - 0.11 - 0.11
Food and tobacco 0.53 - 0.06 0.21 - - - - 0.42 - 1.23
Paper, pulp and printing 0.03 - 0.12 0.05 - - - - 0.18 - 0.38
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.12
Construction 2.14 - 0.00 - - - - - 0.18 - 2.32
Textile and leather 0.18 - - 0.22 - - - - 1.16 - 1.56
Non-specified 7.15 - 0.62 0.54 - - 0.13 - 1.12 1.03 10.59
TRANSPORT - - 15.69 0.17 - - - 0.01 0.08 - 15.95
Domestic aviation - - 1.02 - - - - - - - 1.02
Road - - 14.03 0.01 - - - 0.01 - - 14.06
Rail - - 0.13 - - - - - 0.02 - 0.15
Pipeline transport - - - 0.16 - - - - 0.01 - 0.17
Domestic navigation - - 0.50 - - - - - - - 0.50
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.05 - 0.05
OTHER 2.75 - 5.20 9.97 - - 1.21 4.98 6.91 - 31.03
Residential 2.75 - 1.75 6.90 - - 1.21 4.98 3.14 - 20.72
Comm. and public services - - - 3.07 - - - - 3.35 - 6.42
Agriculture/forestry - - 3.46 - - - - - 0.41 - 3.87
Fishing - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - -
NON-ENERGY USE - - 5.63 0.20 - - - - - - 5.84
in industry/transf./energy - - 4.98 0.20 - - - - - - 5.18
of which: feedstocks - - 1.43 0.20 - - - - - - 1.63
in transport - - 0.66 - - - - - - - 0.66
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 53.43 - 6.53 95.03 - 35.85 0.51 0.21 - - 191.56
Electricity plants 52.75 - 4.94 88.49 - 35.85 0.51 0.19 - - 182.74
CHP plants 0.68 - 1.59 6.54 - - - 0.02 - - 8.82
Heat generated - PJ 0.78 - 0.71 41.72 - - - - - - 43.21
CHP plants 0.78 - 0.71 41.72 - - - - - - 43.21
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.141

Turkey : 2008
Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 16.67 2.13 - 0.84 - 2.86 1.64 4.83 - - 28.98
Imports 12.86 21.57 14.41 30.60 - - - - 0.07 - 79.50
Exports - - -6.53 -0.36 - - - - -0.10 - -6.98
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.65 - - - - - - - -0.65
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.30 - - - - - - - -1.30
Stock changes -0.07 -0.14 0.07 -0.90 - - - - - - -1.04
TPES 29.46 23.56 5.99 30.18 - 2.86 1.64 4.83 -0.03 - 98.50
Transfers - - - - - - - - - - -
Statistical differences 0.20 0.70 -0.02 - - - - - - - 0.88
Electricity plants -14.18 - -1.58 -14.51 - -2.86 -0.21 -0.05 16.35 - -17.05
CHP plants -0.16 - -0.13 -1.94 - - - -0.01 0.72 1.02 -0.50
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -1.24 e - - - - - - - - - -1.24
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.65 - - - - - - - - - -0.65
Oil refineries - -24.42 24.60 - - - - - - - 0.19
Petrochemical plants - 0.15 -0.16 - - - - - - - -0.01
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -0.60 - -1.26 -0.44 - - - - -0.96 - -3.26
Losses -0.05 - - -0.06 - - - - -2.36 - -2.47
TFC 12.78 - 27.45 13.23 - - 1.43 4.77 13.71 1.02 74.38
INDUSTRY 6.12 - 1.33 3.19 - - 0.13 - 6.22 1.02 18.01
Iron and steel 1.21 e - 0.10 0.65 - - - - 1.38 - 3.33
Chemical and petrochem. 0.01 - 0.13 0.61 - - - - 0.32 - 1.07
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.05 0.10 - - - - 0.21 - 0.36
Non-metallic minerals - - 0.50 0.82 - - - - 0.77 - 2.10
Transport equipment - - - 0.04 - - - - - - 0.04
Machinery 0.00 - - 0.13 - - - - 0.31 - 0.44
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - 0.12 - 0.12
Food and tobacco 0.11 - 0.34 0.15 - - - - 0.42 - 1.02
Paper, pulp and printing 0.03 - 0.05 0.11 - - - - 0.17 - 0.36
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - 0.14 - 0.14
Construction 2.85 - - - - - - - 0.19 - 3.04
Textile and leather 0.09 - - 0.09 - - - - 0.99 - 1.17
Non-specified 1.82 - 0.16 0.49 - - 0.13 - 1.20 1.02 4.81
TRANSPORT - - 14.79 0.18 - - - 0.02 0.08 - 15.07
Domestic aviation - - 0.79 - - - - - - - 0.79
Road - - 13.36 0.03 - - - 0.02 - - 13.40
Rail - - 0.15 - - - - - 0.02 - 0.17
Pipeline transport - - - 0.16 - - - - 0.01 - 0.17
Domestic navigation - - 0.50 - - - - - - - 0.50
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.05 - 0.05
OTHER 6.66 - 6.22 9.59 - - 1.30 4.75 7.41 - 35.93
Residential 4.93 - 1.69 6.52 - - 1.30 4.75 3.40 - 22.60
Comm. and public services 1.06 - - 3.07 - - - - 3.50 - 7.63
Agriculture/forestry - - 4.53 - - - - - 0.49 - 5.02
Fishing - - - - - - - - 0.01 - 0.01
Non-specified 0.66 - - - - - - - - - 0.66
NON-ENERGY USE - - 5.11 0.26 - - - - - - 5.37
in industry/transf./energy - - 4.53 0.26 - - - - - - 4.79
of which: feedstocks - - 1.11 0.26 - - - - - - 1.37
in transport - - 0.58 - - - - - - - 0.58
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 57.72 - 7.52 98.69 - 33.27 1.01 0.22 - - 198.42
Electricity plants 57.15 - 6.90 91.55 - 33.27 1.01 0.20 - - 190.08
CHP plants 0.57 - 0.62 7.14 - - - 0.02 - - 8.34
Heat generated - PJ 0.58 - 0.56 41.40 - - - - - - 42.54
CHP plants 0.58 - 0.56 41.40 - - - - - - 42.54
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.142 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Turkey

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 15.15 2.37 - 0.59 - 3.09 2.00 4.66 - - 27.85
Imports 13.38 14.07 13.51 29.45 - - - - 0.07 - 70.48
Exports - - -3.25 -0.58 - - - - -0.13 - -3.97
Intl. marine bunkers - - -0.38 - - - - - - - -0.38
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -1.64 - - - - - - - -1.64
Stock changes - -0.07 0.46 -0.59 - - - - - - -0.19
TPES 28.53 16.38 8.70 28.86 - 3.09 2.00 4.66 -0.06 - 92.15
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 54.99 - 6.60 94.40 - 35.88 1.94 0.26 - - 194.06
Heat generated - PJ 0.43 - 0.72 38.20 - - - - - - 39.35

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 9.4 13.8 17.1 25.8 25.9 27.3 29.0 27.9
Net imports (Mtoe) 1.1 6.1 14.4 28.1 50.9 75.8 72.5 66.5
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 10.7 19.5 31.4 52.8 76.4 100.0 98.5 92.2
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 1.2 6.1 13.7 21.2 29.3 31.5 29.5 24.3
Oil supply (Mtoe) 1.5 9.2 15.6 23.4 30.4 30.7 29.6 25.1
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 2.5 8.8 21.8 50.1 104.5 163.4 170.6 165.8

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 44.5 e 79.3 111.9 186.0 266.6 372.6 376.0 357.5
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 98.4 e 175.3 247.4 411.1 589.3 823.8 831.2 790.3
Population (millions) 27.53 e 36.22 44.44 55.12 64.26 70.26 71.08 72.05
Industrial production index (2005=100) .. .. .. 57.10 81.00 115.30 114.30 103.20

Total self-sufficiency** 0.8766 0.7066 0.5450 0.4893 0.3387 0.2727 0.2942 0.3022
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.9488 0.9782 0.8805 0.7317 0.5451 0.5034 0.5660 0.5309
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.2427 0.3849 0.1452 0.1544 0.0898 0.0687 0.0722 0.0946
Gas self-sufficiency** .. .. - 0.0611 0.0416 0.0242 0.0277 0.0204

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2403 e 0.2464 0.2810 0.2837 0.2864 0.2684 0.2620 0.2578
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1087 e 0.1115 0.1271 0.1283 0.1296 0.1214 0.1185 0.1166
TPES/population (toe per capita) 0.3882 e 0.5397 0.7076 0.9571 1.1881 1.4234 1.3858 1.2790

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0260 e 0.0772 0.1228 0.1142 0.1097 0.0846 0.0783 0.0681
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0343 e 0.1156 0.1396 0.1258 0.1141 0.0824 0.0786 0.0702
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.0554 e 0.2532 0.3516 0.4246 0.4731 0.4370 0.4158 0.3481

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.0570 e 0.1109 0.1947 0.2696 0.3921 0.4384 0.4538 0.4639
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 92 e 243 490 910 1627 2325 2400 2302

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 94.18 112.40 99.10 79.02 ..


Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) .. .. .. 139.35 129.21 73.00 67.53 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.143

Turkey
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
35 120 100%

90%
30 100
80%
25 70%
80
60%
20
Mtoe

Mtoe
60 50%
15
40%
40
10 30%

20%
5 20
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
120% 40

35
100%
30
80%
25
Mtoe

60% 20

15
40%
10
20%
5

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


250 1200

1000
200

800
150
1971=100
TWh

600
100
400

50 200

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.144 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

United Kingdom : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 10.19 80.16 - 64.89 16.43 0.44 0.50 3.83 - - 176.44
Imports 27.49 59.00 24.29 26.15 - - - 0.39 0.74 - 138.06
Exports -0.58 -52.99 -29.74 -9.53 - - - -0.11 -0.29 - -93.23
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.32 - - - - - - - -2.32
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -12.16 - - - - - - - -12.16
Stock changes 1.66 0.72 0.49 0.42 - - - -0.00 - - 3.29
TPES 38.77 86.89 -19.45 81.94 16.43 0.44 0.50 4.10 0.45 - 210.06
Transfers - -3.07 3.28 - - - - - - - 0.21
Statistical differences 0.28 -0.01 0.53 -0.07 - - - 0.00 -0.00 - 0.73
Electricity plants -31.88 - -0.43 -23.69 -16.43 -0.44 -0.45 -2.75 31.53 - -44.54
CHP plants -0.23 - -0.42 -3.60 - - - -0.35 2.29 - -2.32
Heat plants -0.32 - -0.05 -1.69 - - - - - 1.20 -0.87
Blast furnaces -1.99 e - -0.17 - - - - - - - -2.15
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.63 - - - - - - - - - -0.63
Oil refineries - -83.99 82.71 - - - - - - - -1.28
Petrochemical plants - 0.19 -0.21 - - - - - - - -0.02
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation 0.01 - - -0.01 - - - - - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use -0.84 - -4.36 -5.67 - - - - -2.54 -0.07 -13.48
Losses -0.21 - - -0.93 - - - - -2.36 - -3.51
TFC 2.95 - 61.44 46.28 - - 0.05 1.01 29.36 1.13 142.21
INDUSTRY 2.37 - 6.52 10.46 - - - 0.22 10.06 0.69 30.33
Iron and steel 1.14 e - 0.04 0.57 - - - - 0.42 - 2.17
Chemical and petrochem. 0.09 - 0.37 2.84 - - - - 1.91 0.28 5.49
Non-ferrous metals 0.02 - 0.04 0.26 - - - - 0.63 - 0.96
Non-metallic minerals 0.71 - 0.18 0.87 - - - - 0.68 - 2.44
Transport equipment 0.03 - 0.14 0.68 - - - - 0.49 - 1.34
Machinery 0.01 - 0.11 0.91 - - - - 1.36 - 2.39
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - - - -
Food and tobacco 0.03 - 0.25 2.02 - - - - 1.06 0.00 3.36
Paper, pulp and printing 0.09 - 0.06 0.84 - - - - 1.15 0.00 2.14
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.16 0.21 - - - - 0.14 - 0.50
Textile and leather 0.05 - 0.11 0.49 - - - - 0.29 - 0.94
Non-specified 0.21 - 5.05 0.77 - - - 0.22 1.94 0.41 8.60
TRANSPORT - - 42.99 - - - - 0.35 0.70 - 44.04
Domestic aviation - - 0.81 - - - - - - - 0.81
Road - - 40.03 - - - - 0.35 - - 40.37
Rail - - 0.66 - - - - - 0.25 - 0.90
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 1.50 - - - - - - - 1.50
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.45 - 0.45
OTHER 0.58 - 4.08 35.02 - - 0.05 0.44 18.60 0.44 59.21
Residential 0.57 - 2.68 27.31 - - - 0.29 9.89 0.05 40.80
Comm. and public services 0.01 - 0.84 6.22 - - - 0.09 8.35 0.39 15.89
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.28 0.15 - - - 0.06 0.35 - 0.85
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.29 1.34 - - 0.05 - - - 1.67
NON-ENERGY USE - - 7.84 0.79 - - - - - - 8.64
in industry/transf./energy - - 7.55 0.79 - - - - - - 8.34
of which: feedstocks - - 4.57 0.79 - - - - - - 5.36
in transport - - 0.21 - - - - - - - 0.21
in other - - 0.09 - - - - - - - 0.09

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 138.17 - 4.73 165.78 63.03 5.09 5.29 11.09 - - 393.19
Electricity plants 137.11 - 2.55 144.15 63.03 5.09 5.29 9.38 - - 366.60
CHP plants 1.06 - 2.18 21.63 - - - 1.72 - - 26.59
Heat generated - PJ 7.31 - 1.35 41.41 - - - - - - 50.06
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants 7.31 - 1.35 41.41 - - - - - - 50.06

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.145

United Kingdom : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 10.82 74.61 - 62.69 13.68 0.44 0.67 3.78 - - 166.69
Imports 27.47 62.10 24.27 31.49 - - - 0.86 1.06 - 147.25
Exports -0.58 -50.25 -29.05 -9.49 - - - - -0.11 - -89.48
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.52 - - - - - - - -2.52
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -11.68 - - - - - - - -11.68
Stock changes -1.82 0.25 0.01 -0.24 - - - - - - -1.80
TPES 35.89 86.71 -18.98 84.45 13.68 0.44 0.67 4.64 0.95 - 208.45
Transfers - -3.23 3.50 - - - - - - - 0.27
Statistical differences 0.24 -0.16 0.13 -0.07 - - - -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.14
Electricity plants -29.00 - -0.53 -25.38 -13.68 -0.44 -0.61 -2.75 30.86 - -41.54
CHP plants -0.22 - -0.37 -3.56 - - - -0.37 2.27 - -2.24
Heat plants -0.32 - -0.05 -1.79 - - - - - 1.28 -0.89
Blast furnaces -1.82 e - -0.16 - - - - - - - -1.98
Gas works - - - - - - - - - - -
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -0.64 - - - - - - - - - -0.64
Oil refineries - -83.57 81.89 - - - - - - - -1.68
Petrochemical plants - 0.25 -0.28 - - - - - - - -0.03
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation 0.01 - - -0.01 - - - - - - -0.00
Energy ind. own use -0.81 - -4.80 -5.35 - - - - -2.28 -0.07 -13.31
Losses -0.23 - - -1.05 - - - - -2.42 - -3.71
TFC 3.10 - 60.35 47.24 - - 0.06 1.52 29.37 1.21 142.85
INDUSTRY 2.46 - 6.14 10.25 - - - 0.27 9.77 0.77 29.65
Iron and steel 1.23 e - 0.05 0.53 - - - - 0.42 - 2.22
Chemical and petrochem. 0.09 - 0.30 2.78 - - - - 1.82 0.36 5.35
Non-ferrous metals 0.02 - 0.04 0.26 - - - - 0.61 - 0.93
Non-metallic minerals 0.71 - 0.16 0.86 - - - - 0.67 - 2.39
Transport equipment 0.03 - 0.13 0.67 - - - - 0.48 - 1.31
Machinery 0.01 - 0.11 0.90 - - - - 1.31 0.00 2.34
Mining and quarrying - - - - - - - - - - -
Food and tobacco 0.02 - 0.26 2.00 - - - - 1.05 0.00 3.34
Paper, pulp and printing 0.09 - 0.06 0.83 - - - - 1.14 0.00 2.12
Wood and wood products - - - - - - - - - - -
Construction - - 0.15 0.20 - - - - 0.13 - 0.48
Textile and leather 0.05 - 0.10 0.47 - - - - 0.27 - 0.89
Non-specified 0.21 - 4.78 0.76 - - - 0.27 1.87 0.41 8.29
TRANSPORT - - 41.70 - - - - 0.79 0.73 - 43.22
Domestic aviation - - 0.78 - - - - - - - 0.78
Road - - 38.58 - - - - 0.79 - - 39.37
Rail - - 0.70 - - - - - 0.25 - 0.95
Pipeline transport - - - - - - - - - - -
Domestic navigation - - 1.64 - - - - - - - 1.64
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 0.48 - 0.48
OTHER 0.65 - 4.15 36.27 - - 0.06 0.46 18.88 0.44 60.91
Residential 0.63 - 2.83 28.11 - - - 0.31 10.13 0.05 42.06
Comm. and public services 0.01 - 0.81 6.59 - - - 0.09 8.40 0.38 16.30
Agriculture/forestry 0.00 - 0.28 0.17 - - - 0.06 0.35 - 0.87
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified 0.00 - 0.23 1.40 - - 0.06 - - - 1.68
NON-ENERGY USE - - 8.36 0.72 - - - - - - 9.07
in industry/transf./energy - - 8.08 0.72 - - - - - - 8.80
of which: feedstocks - - 4.82 0.72 - - - - - - 5.53
in transport - - 0.20 - - - - - - - 0.20
in other - - 0.08 - - - - - - - 0.08

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 126.70 - 6.10 176.75 52.49 5.17 7.11 10.96 - - 385.28
Electricity plants 125.70 - 3.84 155.25 52.49 5.17 7.11 9.27 - - 358.83
CHP plants 1.00 - 2.26 21.50 - - - 1.69 - - 26.45
Heat generated - PJ 7.48 - 1.39 44.76 - - - - - - 53.63
CHP plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Heat plants 7.48 - 1.39 44.76 - - - - - - 53.63

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.146 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

United Kingdom

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 11.00 70.97 - 53.68 18.03 0.45 0.79 4.49 - - 159.41
Imports 23.59 56.38 23.32 35.26 - - - 0.86 0.57 - 139.97
Exports -0.49 -46.65 -26.02 -10.61 - - - - -0.32 - -84.09
Intl. marine bunkers - - -2.41 - - - - - - - -2.41
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -11.80 - - - - - - - -11.80
Stock changes -3.97 0.60 0.19 -0.29 - - - - - - -3.47
TPES 30.12 81.31 -16.73 78.04 18.03 0.45 0.79 5.34 0.25 - 197.60
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 104.51 - 5.82 162.15 69.19 5.25 8.53 12.65 - - 368.09
Heat generated - PJ 7.48 - 1.39 44.76 - - - - - - 53.63

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 114.8 109.8 197.9 208.0 272.5 176.4 166.7 159.4
Net imports (Mtoe) 47.4 112.6 12.3 4.7 -40.4 44.8 57.8 55.9
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 158.9 208.7 198.4 205.9 222.9 210.1 208.5 197.6
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 51.2 111.0 1.9 -11.0 -46.7 0.6 7.1 7.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 43.7 100.8 79.3 76.4 73.2 67.4 67.7 64.6
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 126.4 237.8 263.8 306.7 360.1 374.8 372.2 346.4

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 549.3 e 741.5 879.8 1150.3 1477.5 1763.2 1772.8 1711.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 570.9 e 770.6 914.3 1195.4 1535.4 1832.3 1842.3 1778.9
Population (millions) 52.37 e 55.93 56.33 57.24 58.89 60.98 61.35 61.78
Industrial production index (2005=100) 55.30 70.20 76.60 91.40 104.20 100.50 97.50 87.00

Total self-sufficiency** 0.7225 0.5262 0.9971 1.0101 1.2222 0.8399 0.7997 0.8067
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 0.9951 1.0289 1.0750 0.8496 0.5112 0.2628 0.3015 0.3653
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.0035 0.0024 1.0410 1.2471 1.7982 1.1886 1.1016 1.0991
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.9645 0.9541 0.7768 0.8670 1.1162 0.7920 0.7423 0.6878

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2893 e 0.2814 0.2255 0.1790 0.1509 0.1191 0.1176 0.1154
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.2784 e 0.2708 0.2170 0.1723 0.1452 0.1146 0.1131 0.1111
TPES/population (toe per capita) 3.0343 e 3.7312 3.5227 3.5977 3.7859 3.4451 3.3977 3.1983

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0933 e 0.1497 0.0022 -0.0096 -0.0316 0.0003 0.0040 0.0041
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0795 e 0.1359 0.0902 0.0664 0.0496 0.0383 0.0382 0.0377
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 0.8343 e 1.8018 1.4085 1.3344 1.2435 1.1060 1.1040 1.0452

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2301 e 0.3207 0.2998 0.2666 0.2437 0.2126 0.2099 0.2024
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 2413 e 4252 4683 5358 6115 6147 6067 5607

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 179.07 199.34 140.23 108.16 100.12 89.94 92.19 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 121.64 262.57 145.82 98.50 90.25 82.91 86.39 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.147

United Kingdom
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
300 250 100%

90%
250
200 80%

70%
200
150 60%
Mtoe

Mtoe
150 50%
100 40%
100
30%
50 20%
50
10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
250% 70

60
200%
50

150% 40
Mtoe

30
100%

20
50%
10

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


450 160

400 140
350
120
300
100
1971=100

250
TWh

80
200
60
150
40
100

50 20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.148 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

United States : 2007


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 568.50 317.45 - 449.78 218.03 21.47 13.32 e 80.41 - - 1668.96
Imports 22.21 597.91 108.06 107.20 - - - 1.30 4.42 - 841.10
Exports -34.69 -5.83 -65.72 -18.87 - - - -0.89 -1.73 - -127.73
Intl. marine bunkers - - -30.22 - - - - - - - -30.22
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -23.76 - - - - - - - -23.76
Stock changes -1.21 1.38 3.60 4.58 - - - -0.14 - - 8.20
TPES 554.80 910.92 -8.05 542.69 218.03 21.47 13.32 e 80.68 2.69 - 2336.55
Transfers - -46.63 47.53 - - - - - - - 0.90
Statistical differences -13.31 -10.32 -2.43 -4.78 - - - - -0.00 - -30.85
Electricity plants -488.02 - -14.57 -131.79 -218.03 -21.47 -10.96 e -11.61 343.30 e - -553.15
CHP plants -14.26 - -3.65 -41.32 - - - -7.54 28.56 13.17 -25.05
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -5.77 e - - - - - - - - - -5.77
Gas works -1.77 - - 1.12 - - - - - - -0.65
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants 1.48 - - - - - - - - - 1.48
Oil refineries - -853.97 860.49 - - - - - - - 6.53
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -2.13 - -50.51 -44.21 - - - - -22.56 e -4.39 e -123.81
Losses - - - - - - - - -22.97 -1.58 e -24.55
TFC 31.02 - 828.80 321.70 - - 2.36 61.52 329.02 7.20 1581.62
INDUSTRY 29.27 - 31.13 116.84 - - 0.12 34.40 79.88 5.69 297.33
Iron and steel 4.65 e - 1.55 8.14 - - - - 6.98 0.21 e 21.52
Chemical and petrochem. 5.15 - 7.50 35.71 - - - 0.91 21.95 3.49 e 74.70
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.54 5.72 - - - - 7.10 0.11 e 13.46
Non-metallic minerals 7.52 - 4.63 12.36 - - - 0.47 3.69 0.00 e 28.67
Transport equipment 0.11 - 0.70 6.15 - - - 0.00 4.05 0.14 e 11.15
Machinery 0.15 - 1.53 10.14 - - - - 10.02 0.10 e 21.94
Mining and quarrying - - - .. - - - - 2.23 - 2.23
Food and tobacco 3.99 - 3.30 16.71 - - - 0.59 7.35 0.63 e 32.57
Paper, pulp and printing 4.54 - 4.34 12.65 - - - 24.82 10.62 0.53 e 57.49
Wood and wood products 0.03 - 1.87 2.14 - - - 5.11 2.54 0.29 e 11.98
Construction - - 1.34 .. - - - - - - 1.34
Textile and leather 0.24 - 0.68 2.97 - - - - 2.49 0.17 e 6.54
Non-specified 2.89 - 3.16 4.16 - - 0.12 2.50 0.88 0.02 e 13.73
TRANSPORT - - 598.62 15.07 - - - 14.36 0.70 - 628.75
Domestic aviation - - 57.69 - - - - - - - 57.69
Road - - 522.93 0.58 - - - 14.36 - - 537.86
Rail - - 12.94 - - - - - 0.70 - 13.65
Pipeline transport - - - 14.50 - - - - - - 14.50
Domestic navigation - - 3.83 - - - - - - - 3.83
Non-specified - - 1.23 - - - - - - - 1.23
OTHER 1.75 - 55.60 179.86 - - 2.24 12.76 248.44 1.51 502.16
Residential - - 25.14 110.29 - - 1.88 10.29 119.73 - 267.34
Comm. and public services 1.70 - 14.53 69.57 - - 0.36 2.10 114.92 1.51 e 204.71
Agriculture/forestry 0.05 - 15.92 - - - - 0.37 - - 16.34
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 13.78 e - 13.78
NON-ENERGY USE - - 143.45 9.93 - - - - - - 153.38
in industry/transf./energy - - 143.28 9.93 - - - - - - 153.20
of which: feedstocks - - 83.33 8.77 - - - - - - 92.10
in transport - - 0.18 - - - - - - - 0.18
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 2118.46 - 78.14 915.20 836.63 249.62 54.22 e 71.65 - - 4323.91
Electricity plants 2058.61 e - 59.39 701.50 836.63 249.62 53.68 e 32.43 - - 3991.86
CHP plants 59.84 e - 18.75 213.70 - - 0.54 39.22 - - 332.05
Heat generated - PJ 100.38 - 37.34 366.30 - - - 47.68 - - 551.70
CHP plants 100.38 e - 37.34 366.30 - - - 47.68 - - 551.70
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.149

United States : 2008


Million tonnes of oil equivalent
SUPPLY AND Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
CONSUMPTION & peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 579.30 312.91 - 472.62 218.34 22.08 15.57 e 85.24 - - 1706.06
Imports 21.10 589.01 92.45 92.31 - - - 2.04 4.90 - 801.81
Exports -48.22 -6.50 -85.30 -23.07 - - - -2.21 -2.07 - -167.36
Intl. marine bunkers - - -22.60 - - - - - - - -22.60
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -23.81 - - - - - - - -23.81
Stock changes -6.41 -4.57 0.00 0.90 - - - -0.30 - - -10.37
TPES 545.76 890.85 -39.25 542.77 218.34 22.08 15.57 e 84.77 2.83 - 2283.72
Transfers - -24.48 25.20 - - - - - - - 0.72
Statistical differences -8.54 -15.15 -2.12 -2.95 - - - - -0.01 - -28.77
Electricity plants -480.54 - -10.30 -129.17 -218.34 -22.08 -13.04 e -12.12 346.21 e - -539.38
CHP plants -14.56 - -2.91 -39.07 - - - -7.30 27.36 12.74 -23.74
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Blast furnaces -5.51 e - - - - - - - - - -5.51
Gas works -1.88 - - 1.12 - - - - - - -0.76
Coke/pat. fuel/BKB plants -2.62 - - - - - - - - - -2.62
Oil refineries - -851.22 859.65 - - - - - - - 8.42
Petrochemical plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Liquefaction plants - - - - - - - - - - -
Other transformation - - - - - - - - - - -
Energy ind. own use -2.03 - -48.56 -45.04 - - - - -27.26 e -4.25 e -127.13
Losses - - - - - - - - -21.17 -1.53 e -22.70
TFC 30.08 - 781.70 327.65 - - 2.53 65.36 327.96 6.96 1542.25
INDUSTRY 28.35 - 34.39 116.32 - - 0.13 32.03 78.68 5.50 295.40
Iron and steel 4.82 e - 1.16 8.10 - - - - 6.85 0.20 e 21.14
Chemical and petrochem. 5.03 - 10.10 35.55 - - - 0.23 21.66 3.37 e 75.95
Non-ferrous metals - - 0.45 5.69 - - - - 7.00 0.11 e 13.25
Non-metallic minerals 6.91 - 4.45 12.30 - - - 0.47 3.62 0.00 e 27.76
Transport equipment 0.12 - 0.71 6.12 - - - 0.00 3.98 0.13 e 11.06
Machinery 0.13 - 1.05 10.10 - - - - 9.84 0.10 e 21.22
Mining and quarrying - - - .. - - - - 2.19 - 2.19
Food and tobacco 3.88 - 3.32 16.63 - - - 0.52 7.25 0.61 e 32.21
Paper, pulp and printing 4.69 - 4.57 12.60 - - - 23.16 10.48 0.51 e 56.01
Wood and wood products 0.04 - 3.18 2.13 - - - 5.15 2.49 0.28 e 13.27
Construction - - 1.36 .. - - - - - - 1.36
Textile and leather 0.19 - 0.27 2.95 - - - - 2.45 0.16 e 6.02
Non-specified 2.54 - 3.76 4.14 - - 0.13 2.49 0.87 0.02 e 13.96
TRANSPORT - - 565.12 15.75 - - - 19.90 0.66 - 601.42
Domestic aviation - - 52.75 - - - - - - - 52.75
Road - - 497.85 0.66 - - - 19.90 - - 518.41
Rail - - 10.08 - - - - - 0.66 - 10.75
Pipeline transport - - - 15.09 - - - - - - 15.09
Domestic navigation - - 3.47 - - - - - - - 3.47
Non-specified - - 0.96 - - - - - - - 0.96
OTHER 1.73 - 52.88 185.70 - - 2.41 13.43 248.62 1.46 506.23
Residential - - 23.08 113.45 - - 2.03 10.77 118.68 - 268.02
Comm. and public services 1.73 - 14.63 72.24 - - 0.37 2.30 114.89 1.46 e 207.64
Agriculture/forestry - - 15.17 - - - - 0.36 - - 15.53
Fishing - - - - - - - - - - -
Non-specified - - - - - - - - 15.05 e - 15.05
NON-ENERGY USE - - 129.31 9.88 - - - - - - 139.20
in industry/transf./energy - - 129.13 9.88 - - - - - - 139.02
of which: feedstocks - - 76.14 8.73 - - - - - - 84.88
in transport - - 0.18 - - - - - - - 0.18
in other - - - - - - - - - - -

Electricity and Heat Output


Elec. generated - TWh 2132.60 - 57.78 910.59 837.80 256.71 75.95 e 72.39 - - 4343.82
Electricity plants 2070.70 e - 42.52 708.01 837.80 256.71 75.59 e 34.35 - - 4025.68
CHP plants 61.90 e - 15.26 202.58 - - 0.36 38.04 - - 318.14
Heat generated - PJ 96.44 - 41.14 351.54 - - - 44.55 - - 533.67
CHP plants 96.44 e - 41.14 351.54 - - - 44.55 - - 533.67
Heat plants - - - - - - - - - - -

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.150 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

United States

Estimated energy supply balance for 2009

Million tonnes of oil equivalent


SUPPLY Coal Crude Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Geotherm. Combust. Electricity Heat Total
& peat oil products solar renew.
etc. & waste
Production 527.06 333.83 - 488.27 216.33 23.60 16.91 82.82 - - 1688.82
Imports 12.68 538.92 80.91 86.93 - - - 0.62 4.49 - 724.56
Exports -34.88 -8.24 -90.58 -24.60 - - - -0.87 -1.56 - -160.73
Intl. marine bunkers - - -25.99 - - - - - - - -25.99
Intl. aviation bunkers - - -21.90 - - - - - - - -21.90
Stock changes -18.80 -2.87 -3.94 -6.77 - - - -0.27 - - -32.64
TPES 486.06 861.64 -61.51 543.84 216.33 23.60 16.91 82.30 2.93 - 2172.11
Electricity and Heat Output
Elec. generated - TWh 1899.46 - 50.24 948.60 830.09 274.46 91.02 67.35 - - 4161.22
Heat generated - PJ 85.77 - 40.61 351.75 - - - 49.35 - - 527.48

Key indicators

1960 1971 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e


Energy production (Mtoe) 964.9 1436.4 1553.3 1652.5 1667.3 1669.0 1706.1 1688.8
Net imports (Mtoe) 65.8 176.4 307.0 341.9 606.4 713.4 634.5 563.8
Total primary energy supply (Mtoe) 1019.3 1587.5 1804.7 1915.0 2273.3 2336.6 2283.7 2172.1
Net oil imports (Mtoe) 83.3 189.6 340.1 374.4 549.5 634.4 589.7 521.0
Oil supply (Mtoe) 467.1 722.0 796.9 756.8 871.2 902.9 851.6 800.1
Electricity consumption (TWh)* 731.7 1561.1 2241.0 2923.9 3857.5 e 4114.1 4155.9 3972.4

GDP (billion 2000 USD) 2564.7 e 3867.1 5142.1 7064.0 9898.8 11693.2 11742.3 11591.8
GDP PPP (billion 2000 USD) 2564.7 e 3867.1 5142.1 7064.0 9898.8 11693.2 11742.3 11591.8
Population (millions) 180.70 e 207.69 227.73 250.18 282.41 301.74 304.53 307.53
Industrial production index (2005=100) 24.30 39.60 52.40 65.00 96.70 103.80 101.50 91.60

Total self-sufficiency** 0.9466 0.9048 0.8607 0.8629 0.7334 0.7143 0.7471 0.7775
Coal and peat self-sufficiency** 1.0932 1.1218 1.1905 1.1784 1.0061 1.0247 1.0614 1.0843
Oil self-sufficiency** 0.8404 0.7610 0.6253 0.5715 0.4197 0.3516 0.3674 0.4172
Gas self-sufficiency** 0.9989 0.9764 0.9534 0.9540 0.8160 0.8288 0.8708 0.8978

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3974 e 0.4105 0.3510 0.2711 0.2297 0.1998 0.1945 0.1874
TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.3974 e 0.4105 0.3510 0.2711 0.2297 0.1998 0.1945 0.1874
TPES/population (toe per capita) 5.6407 e 7.6434 7.9248 7.6544 8.0497 7.7437 7.4992 7.0631

Net oil imports/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.0325 e 0.0490 0.0661 0.0530 0.0555 0.0543 0.0502 0.0449
Oil supply/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD) 0.1821 e 0.1867 0.1550 0.1071 0.0880 0.0772 0.0725 0.0690
Oil supply/population (toe per capita) 2.5849 e 3.4764 3.4995 3.0252 3.0847 2.9922 2.7964 2.6018

Elect. cons./GDP (kWh per 2000 USD) 0.2853 e 0.4037 0.4358 0.4139 0.3897 e 0.3518 0.3539 0.3427
Elect. cons./population (kWh per capita) 4049 e 7516 9841 11687 13659 e 13635 13647 12917

Industry cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 292.89 249.40 208.24 137.65 111.72 97.60 96.24 ..
Industry oil cons.***/industrial production (2005=100) 255.33 192.02 198.18 123.22 89.65 93.11 89.28 ..

* Electricity consumption equals domestic supply less losses.


** Production divided by TPES.
*** Includes non-energy use.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.151

United States
Figure 1. Energy production Figure 2. Total primary energy supply*
1800 2500 100%

1600 90%

1400 2000 80%

70%
1200
1500 60%
1000
Mtoe

Mtoe
50%
800
1000 40%
600
30%
400 500 20%
200 10%
0 0 0%
1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2009e

Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew. Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro/other Comb. renew.

Figure 4. Breakdown of sectorial final


Figure 3. Energy self-sufficiency
consumption by source in 1973 and 2008**
140% 700

120% 600

100% 500

80% 400
Mtoe

60% 300

40% 200

20% 100

0% 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1973 2008 1973 2008 1973 2008
Industry Transport Other***

Coal/peat Oil Gas Total Coal/peat Oil Gas Electricity Other****

Figure 5. Electricity generation by fuel Figure 6. Selected indicators


5000 200
4500 180
4000 160
3500 140
3000 120
1971=100
TWh

2500 100
2000 80
1500 60

1000 40

500 20

0 0

1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2009e
TPES/GDP Electricity/GDP
Coal/peat Oil Gas Nuclear Hydro Other***** TPES per capita Electricity per capita

* Excluding electricity trade.


** Includes non-energy use.
*** Includes residential, commercial and public services, agriculture/forestry, fishing and non-specified.
**** Includes combustible renewables and waste, direct use of geothermal/solar thermal and heat produced in CHP/heat plants.
***** Includes geothermal, solar, wind, combustible renewables and waste, etc.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.153

SUMMARY TABLES

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.154 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Production of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Production de charbon et de tourbe (Mtep)
Kohle- und Torferzeugung (Mtoe)
Produzione di carbone e torba (Mtep)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de carbón y turba (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀ ÌÈËÒÎÍÍÅÔÒßÍÎÃÎÝÊÂÈÂÀËÅÍÒÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 16.87 32.68 40.25 51.90 106.10 164.58 e 227.38 231.87 236.12
Austria 1.84 1.04 1.02 0.84 0.64 0.29 0.00 0.00 -
Belgium 13.93 6.80 6.42 4.71 1.18 0.21 - 0.00 -
Canada 5.73 9.46 11.70 20.51 37.93 34.41 34.28 e 33.64 30.72
Czech Republic .. 39.42 e 38.01 e 40.45 36.31 25.05 23.80 22.79 21.01

Denmark 0.99 - - - - - - - -
Finland 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.73 1.81 1.21 1.09 1.16 2.07
France 37.23 22.96 18.04 13.38 8.24 2.48 0.26 0.17 0.12
Germany 117.85 150.05 141.40 143.14 121.77 60.63 54.59 50.05 46.36
Greece 0.28 1.41 1.69 2.95 7.12 8.22 8.39 8.13 8.01

Hungary .. 6.19 6.05 6.34 4.12 2.89 1.77 1.69 1.62


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland 1.30 1.38 1.06 1.08 1.43 0.97 0.59 0.65 0.58
Italy 0.71 0.51 0.30 0.32 0.28 0.00 0.10 0.07 0.05
Japan 40.80 23.46 17.90 10.90 4.47 1.54 - - -

Korea .. 6.26 e 6.65 e 8.20 7.58 1.79 1.33 1.28 1.16


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. 1.24 1.52 1.73 3.39 5.41 6.00 5.50 5.06
Netherlands 7.96 2.36 1.14 - - - - - -
New Zealand 1.60 1.10 1.29 1.14 1.39 2.33 2.83 2.89 2.63

Norway 0.28 0.30 0.29 0.20 0.20 0.42 2.68 2.20 1.77
Poland 63.22 92.91 100.73 120.35 98.97 71.30 62.49 60.91 56.35
Portugal 0.29 0.15 0.13 0.07 0.12 - - - -
Slovak Republic .. 1.70 1.70 1.70 1.40 1.02 0.55 0.62 0.66
Spain 8.43 6.92 6.48 9.82 11.75 7.97 5.46 4.19 3.89

Sweden 0.17 - 0.01 0.01 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.25 0.19


Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 3.04 4.22 5.21 6.15 12.37 12.49 14.79 16.67 15.15
United Kingdom 113.75 86.46 75.89 73.96 53.61 18.66 10.19 10.82 11.00
United States 243.64 313.42 333.36 447.92 542.32 536.86 568.50 579.30 527.06

OECD TOTAL .. 812.43 818.29 968.50 1 064.65 960.88 1 027.23 1 034.86 971.60
OECD N. AMERICA .. 324.12 346.58 470.16 583.63 576.68 608.77 618.44 562.85
OECD PACIFIC .. 63.51 66.09 72.14 119.53 170.24 231.54 236.04 239.92
OECD EUROPE .. 424.79 405.62 426.20 361.48 213.96 186.91 180.38 168.84
IEA .. 811.18 816.78 966.77 1 061.26 955.46 1 021.22 1 029.36 966.53

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.155

Production of crude oil and NGL (Mtoe)


Production de pétrole brut et LGN (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Rohöl und Kondensaten (Mtoe)
Produzione di petrolio grezzo e LGN (Mtep)
ේᴤ෸߮㧺㧳㧸ߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de petróleo crudo y líquidos de gas natural (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÑÛÐÎÉÍÅÔÒÈÈÃÀÇÎÂÛÕÊÎÍÄÅÍÑÀÒΠ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 14.83 19.85 21.30 29.03 33.91 25.30 23.86 25.50


Austria 2.50 2.63 2.64 1.52 1.21 1.09 1.00 0.99 1.06
Belgium - - - - - - - 0.51 0.59
Canada 26.59 72.41 96.53 83.64 94.15 128.43 161.95 160.42 155.40
Czech Republic .. 0.03 0.04 0.24 0.21 0.38 0.39 0.31 0.28

Denmark - - 0.07 0.30 6.11 18.26 15.58 14.41 13.24


Finland - - - - - 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.10
France 2.02 2.50 2.07 2.26 3.47 1.81 1.24 1.29 0.98
Germany 5.64 7.72 6.85 5.66 4.71 3.94 4.54 4.24 3.87
Greece - - - - 0.84 0.26 0.07 0.06 0.05

Hungary .. 1.99 2.02 2.52 2.27 1.68 1.21 1.25 1.21


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy 2.10 1.25 1.05 1.73 4.47 4.69 6.31 5.68 4.54
Japan 0.51 0.85 0.81 0.56 0.70 0.78 0.81 0.77 0.72

Korea .. - - - - 0.67 0.58 0.54 0.69


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. 25.65 27.49 114.64 152.76 171.12 179.60 168.93 157.32
Netherlands 1.96 1.75 1.59 1.61 4.07 2.42 2.86 2.43 1.94
New Zealand - - 0.18 0.37 1.96 1.92 2.07 2.92 2.70

Norway - 0.29 1.50 24.23 83.26 166.93 122.01 116.91 115.66


Poland 0.19 0.40 0.39 0.34 0.18 0.72 0.73 0.79 0.67
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic .. 0.16 0.13 0.04 0.08 0.06 0.26 0.23 0.28
Spain 0.07 0.13 0.67 1.79 1.17 0.23 0.14 0.13 0.13

Sweden 0.10 - - 0.03 0.00 - - - -


Switzerland - - - - - - - - -
Turkey 0.37 3.53 3.59 2.27 3.61 2.73 2.11 2.13 2.37
United Kingdom 0.15 0.24 0.55 82.59 95.25 131.67 80.16 74.61 70.97
United States 392.57 549.44 534.59 498.35 432.54 365.61 317.45 312.91 333.83

OECD TOTAL .. 685.79 702.61 845.98 922.02 1 039.36 926.46 896.40 894.11
OECD N. AMERICA .. 647.50 658.61 696.62 679.45 665.15 659.00 642.26 646.55
OECD PACIFIC .. 15.68 20.83 22.23 31.68 37.28 28.76 28.08 29.61
OECD EUROPE .. 22.62 23.17 127.13 210.89 336.93 238.70 226.06 217.95
IEA .. 660.14 675.13 731.35 769.26 868.25 746.86 727.48 736.79

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.156 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Production of oil products (Mtoe)


Production de produits pétroliers (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Ölprodukten (Mtoe)
Produzione di prodotti petroliferi (Mtep)
⍹ᴤ⵾ຠߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de productos petrolíferos (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒΠ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 12.94 22.63 26.15 30.26 32.06 38.26 32.36 32.84 ..


Austria 1.89 7.37 8.80 10.24 9.07 8.92 9.16 9.36 ..
Belgium 6.54 28.46 35.46 33.60 29.60 38.24 38.15 37.91 ..
Canada 37.95 70.61 84.42 95.39 86.65 96.31 105.91 101.67 ..
Czech Republic .. 6.04 7.47 9.60 8.00 6.18 7.86 8.72 ..

Denmark 0.14 10.22 9.76 6.67 7.96 8.41 7.80 7.49 ..


Finland 1.08 8.66 9.11 12.61 10.60 13.24 14.89 15.39 ..
France 31.00 106.94 134.20 116.73 79.67 90.19 87.58 90.11 ..
Germany 28.86 124.35 140.16 138.14 107.99 118.45 120.91 118.37 ..
Greece 1.69 5.31 12.35 14.09 16.56 22.39 23.25 22.04 ..

Hungary .. 6.48 7.95 10.28 8.46 7.59 8.73 8.52 ..


Iceland - - - - - - - - ..
Ireland 1.35 2.80 2.68 2.02 1.74 3.31 3.28 3.24 ..
Italy 30.44 118.23 129.92 98.07 91.55 95.86 102.24 96.18 ..
Japan 26.38 183.80 228.28 206.63 182.82 213.84 205.02 195.92 ..

Korea .. 11.76 15.35 26.22 43.54 125.63 126.35 123.62 ..


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - ..
Mexico .. 22.47 26.17 51.09 65.21 65.99 69.63 68.80 ..
Netherlands 18.45 60.78 73.12 57.92 69.54 82.36 58.57 58.88 ..
New Zealand - 3.02 3.38 3.02 4.89 5.27 5.08 5.38 ..

Norway 0.14 5.67 6.11 7.86 13.40 15.61 16.85 15.36 ..


Poland 0.86 8.33 10.78 15.45 12.89 18.80 21.98 22.25 ..
Portugal 1.20 4.04 4.23 7.57 11.53 12.41 12.81 12.55 ..
Slovak Republic .. 5.30 6.00 8.03 7.06 5.97 6.83 6.61 ..
Spain 6.17 34.38 42.23 48.21 53.24 60.31 60.44 61.09 ..

Sweden 2.71 11.37 10.44 17.50 18.10 22.78 18.08 21.09 ..


Switzerland - 5.30 6.16 4.64 3.11 4.75 4.87 5.23 ..
Turkey 0.28 8.57 12.52 12.68 22.96 23.82 25.70 24.60 ..
United Kingdom 44.11 104.31 113.23 86.10 89.68 88.07 82.71 81.89 ..
United States 439.72 622.64 691.12 744.65 753.82 843.82 860.49 859.65 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 1 609.83 1 857.54 1 875.29 1 841.73 2 136.78 2 137.53 2 114.75 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 715.72 801.72 891.13 905.68 1 006.12 1 036.04 1 030.11 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 221.21 273.16 266.13 263.31 382.98 368.81 357.75 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 672.90 782.67 718.03 672.73 747.67 732.69 726.89 ..
IEA .. 1 587.36 1 831.37 1 824.20 1 776.51 2 070.79 2 067.90 2 045.95 ..

2009 data for the production of oil products will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.157

Production of natural gas (Mtoe)


Production de gaz naturel (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Erdgas (Mtoe)
Produzione di gas naturale (Mtep)
ᄤὼࠟࠬߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de gas natural (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÎÃÎÃÀÇÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 1.79 3.38 7.46 17.13 28.53 38.96 39.38 41.17


Austria 1.27 1.64 1.96 1.67 1.10 1.53 1.59 1.32 1.44
Belgium 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 - - -
Canada 11.53 51.27 61.36 63.62 88.55 148.32 151.36 143.77 130.96
Czech Republic .. 0.39 0.36 0.32 0.20 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.14

Denmark - - 0.00 0.00 2.77 7.41 8.27 9.02 7.53


Finland - - - - - - - - -
France 2.50 6.05 6.29 6.33 2.52 1.50 0.92 0.81 0.76
Germany 0.74 12.12 16.44 16.26 13.53 15.80 13.09 11.31 10.96
Greece - - - - 0.14 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01

Hungary .. 3.09 4.03 5.09 3.81 2.47 2.00 2.01 2.00


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - 0.74 1.87 0.96 0.37 0.35 0.32
Italy 5.28 11.02 12.61 10.26 14.03 13.62 7.95 7.58 6.56
Japan 0.64 2.15 2.29 1.94 1.92 2.29 3.58 3.56 3.42

Korea .. - - - - - 0.32 0.19 0.45


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. 9.26 10.54 21.55 22.75 27.57 39.04 38.78 40.19
Netherlands 0.28 33.13 53.75 68.89 54.60 52.17 54.43 59.88 56.39
New Zealand 0.06 0.11 0.28 0.79 3.90 5.05 3.65 3.44 3.55

Norway - - - 22.77 24.14 46.27 78.06 87.10 90.66


Poland 0.47 4.54 4.87 4.54 2.38 3.31 3.90 3.69 3.68
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic .. 0.50 0.39 0.17 0.34 0.13 0.11 0.09 0.09
Spain - 0.00 0.00 - 1.27 0.15 0.02 0.01 0.01

Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - 0.00 - - - -
Turkey - - - - 0.17 0.53 0.74 0.84 0.59
United Kingdom 0.06 15.65 24.44 31.31 40.91 97.53 64.89 62.69 53.68
United States 283.43 504.71 502.61 454.56 418.09 446.82 449.78 472.62 488.27

OECD TOTAL .. 657.43 705.65 718.31 716.12 902.18 923.18 948.59 942.82
OECD N. AMERICA .. 565.23 574.52 539.74 529.39 622.71 640.17 655.17 659.42
OECD PACIFIC .. 4.04 5.95 10.20 22.95 35.87 46.50 46.57 48.58
OECD EUROPE .. 88.16 125.17 168.38 163.78 243.59 236.50 246.86 234.82
IEA .. 648.18 695.10 696.76 693.37 874.61 884.15 909.82 902.63

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.158 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Production of nuclear energy (Mtoe)


Production d'énergie nucléaire (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Kernenergie (Mtoe)
Produzione di energia nucleare (Mtep)
ේሶജߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de energía nuclear (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÀÒÎÌÍÎÉÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - 0.02 3.27 11.13 12.55 12.57 11.88 12.31
Canada - 1.11 4.07 10.40 19.40 18.97 24.36 24.48 23.57
Czech Republic .. - - - 3.28 3.54 6.84 6.94 7.11

Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 1.83 5.01 5.86 6.10 5.98 6.13
France 0.04 2.43 3.84 15.96 81.85 108.19 114.60 114.53 106.78
Germany - 1.62 3.15 14.50 39.84 44.20 36.62 38.70 35.16
Greece - - - - - - - - -

Hungary .. - - - 3.58 3.71 3.84 3.87 4.03


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - 0.88 0.82 0.58 - - - - -
Japan - 2.08 2.53 21.52 52.71 83.93 68.76 67.27 72.90

Korea .. - - 0.91 13.78 28.40 37.25 39.34 38.51


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. - - - 0.77 2.14 2.72 2.55 2.74
Netherlands - 0.11 0.29 1.09 0.91 1.02 1.09 1.09 1.10
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -

Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic .. - 0.06 1.18 3.14 4.30 4.04 4.40 3.73
Spain - 0.66 1.71 1.35 14.14 16.21 14.36 15.37 13.74

Sweden - 0.02 0.55 6.90 17.77 14.94 17.45 16.65 13.04


Switzerland - 0.36 1.64 3.74 6.18 6.92 7.31 7.25 7.25
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 0.58 7.18 7.30 9.65 17.13 22.17 16.43 13.68 18.03
United States 0.14 10.57 23.24 69.37 159.38 207.89 218.03 218.34 216.33

OECD TOTAL .. 27.02 49.22 162.25 450.01 584.94 592.38 592.32 582.47
OECD N. AMERICA .. 11.68 27.31 79.77 179.55 229.00 245.11 245.38 242.63
OECD PACIFIC .. 2.08 2.53 22.43 66.50 112.32 106.01 106.61 111.41
OECD EUROPE .. 13.26 19.38 60.05 203.96 243.61 241.26 240.34 228.42
IEA .. 27.02 49.22 162.25 449.24 582.80 589.66 589.77 579.73

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.159

Production of hydro energy (Mtoe)


Production d'énergie hydraulique (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Wasserkraft (Mtoe)
Produzione di energia idroelettrica (Mtep)
᳓ജߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de energía hidráulica (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÃÈÄÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.34 1.00 0.98 1.11 1.22 1.41 1.23 1.02 0.99
Austria 0.98 1.39 1.61 2.47 2.71 3.60 3.15 3.26 3.36
Belgium 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04
Canada 9.18 13.97 16.74 21.60 25.52 30.83 31.88 32.89 31.55
Czech Republic .. 0.10 0.09 0.21 0.10 0.15 0.18 0.17 0.21

Denmark 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Finland 0.45 0.91 0.90 0.88 0.93 1.26 1.22 1.47 1.09
France 3.52 4.20 4.10 5.98 4.63 5.77 5.00 5.48 4.89
Germany 1.03 1.16 1.31 1.64 1.50 1.87 1.80 1.80 1.50
Greece 0.04 0.23 0.19 0.29 0.15 0.32 0.22 0.28 0.41

Hungary .. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02


Iceland 0.05 0.13 0.19 0.27 0.36 0.55 0.72 1.07 1.06
Ireland 0.08 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.08
Italy 3.94 3.36 3.23 3.89 2.72 3.80 2.82 3.58 4.09
Japan 5.03 7.24 5.74 7.59 7.68 7.50 6.36 6.56 6.53

Korea .. 0.11 0.11 0.17 0.55 0.34 0.31 0.26 0.24


Luxembourg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Mexico .. 1.24 1.39 1.45 2.02 2.85 2.35 3.37 2.29
Netherlands - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
New Zealand 0.48 1.13 1.23 1.63 1.99 2.10 2.03 1.92 2.08

Norway 2.69 5.44 6.27 7.19 10.42 11.95 11.49 12.00 10.86
Poland 0.05 0.13 0.13 0.20 0.12 0.18 0.20 0.19 0.21
Portugal 0.27 0.53 0.63 0.69 0.79 0.97 0.87 0.58 0.70
Slovak Republic .. 0.13 0.11 0.19 0.16 0.40 0.38 0.35 0.38
Spain 1.34 2.74 2.49 2.54 2.19 2.54 e 2.34 2.02 2.26

Sweden 2.67 4.47 5.15 5.06 6.24 6.76 5.69 5.94 5.60
Switzerland 1.76 2.31 2.40 2.82 2.56 3.17 3.03 3.10 3.07
Turkey 0.09 0.22 0.22 0.98 1.99 2.66 3.08 2.86 3.09
United Kingdom 0.27 0.29 0.33 0.33 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.45
United States 12.68 22.66 22.82 23.98 23.49 21.78 21.47 22.08 23.60

OECD TOTAL .. 75.17 78.46 93.28 100.60 113.35 108.41 112.87 110.68
OECD N. AMERICA .. 37.87 40.96 47.03 51.03 55.46 55.69 58.34 57.45
OECD PACIFIC .. 9.48 8.07 10.50 11.44 11.36 9.94 9.76 9.85
OECD EUROPE .. 27.83 29.44 35.75 38.13 46.53 42.78 44.77 43.38
IEA .. 73.80 76.88 91.56 98.21 109.95 105.34 108.43 107.33

Does not include electricity output from pumped storage plants.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.160 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Production of geothermal energy (Mtoe)


Production d'énergie géothermique (Mtep)
Erzeugung von geothermischer Energie (Mtoe)
Produzione di energia geotermica (Mtep)
࿾ᾲࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de energía geotérmica (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÃÅÎÒÅÐÌÀËÜÍÎÉÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04
Belgium - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Canada - - - - - - - - -
Czech Republic .. - - - - - - - -

Denmark - - - - 0.00 e 0.00 e 0.01 0.02 0.02


Finland - - - - - - - - -
France - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.11 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.12
Germany - - - - 0.01 e 0.12 0.21 0.25 0.45
Greece - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02

Hungary .. - - - 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10


Iceland 0.11 0.29 0.35 0.64 1.04 1.76 3.22 3.28 e 3.55
Ireland - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Italy 1.81 2.29 2.13 2.30 2.97 4.26 e 5.00 4.96 4.81
Japan - - 0.23 0.77 1.58 3.10 2.82 2.57 2.70

Korea .. - - - - - 0.01 0.02 0.02


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. - 0.14 0.79 4.41 5.07 6.37 6.07 5.79
Netherlands - - - - - - - 0.00 0.00
New Zealand 0.35 1.08 1.07 1.02 1.58 1.86 2.17 2.56 2.99

Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
Portugal - - - 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.19 0.19 0.17
Slovak Republic .. - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01
Spain - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Sweden - - - - - - - - -
Switzerland - - - - 0.06 0.09 0.16 0.19 0.23
Turkey - 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.43 0.68 1.05 1.15 1.44
United Kingdom - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
United States 0.03 0.50 2.11 4.60 14.10 13.09 8.79 9.08 9.04

OECD TOTAL .. 4.20 6.08 10.19 26.38 30.36 30.28 30.63 31.55
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.50 2.25 5.39 18.51 18.16 15.15 15.15 14.84
OECD PACIFIC .. 1.08 1.30 1.79 3.15 4.96 5.00 5.14 5.72
OECD EUROPE .. 2.62 2.53 3.01 4.72 7.24 10.13 10.34 11.00
IEA .. 3.91 5.59 8.76 20.94 23.53 20.69 21.28 22.21

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.161

Production of energy from solar, wind, tide, etc. (Mtoe)


Production d'énergie d'origine solaire, éolienne, marémotrice, etc. (Mtep)
Erzeugung von Solarenergie, Windenergie, Gezeitenenergie usw. (Mtoe)
Produzione di energia solare, eolica, dalle maree, etc. (Mtep)
ᄥ㓁శ‫ޔ‬㘑ജ‫ޔ‬ầജ‫↥↢ߩ࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛઁߩߘޔ‬㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de energía solar, eólica, maremotriz, etc. (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÑÎËÍÅ×ÍÎÉÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÂÅÒÐÀÏÐÈËÈÂÎÂÈÒÄ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - 0.02 0.08 0.09 0.38 0.51 0.54


Austria - - - - 0.01 0.07 0.28 0.29 0.34
Belgium - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.06 0.10
Canada - - - - 0.00 0.03 e 0.26 0.33 0.33
Czech Republic .. - - - - - 0.01 0.03 0.04

Denmark - - - 0.00 0.05 0.37 0.63 0.61 0.59


Finland - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03
France - 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.43 0.58 0.77
Germany - - - - 0.02 0.92 3.99 4.22 4.19
Greece - - - - 0.06 0.14 0.32 0.37 0.35

Hungary .. - - - - - 0.01 0.02 0.03


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - 0.00 0.02 0.17 0.21 0.26
Italy - - - - 0.01 0.06 e 0.40 0.50 0.67
Japan - - - - 1.17 0.85 e 0.91 e 0.93 e 0.98

Korea .. - - - 0.01 0.04 e 0.07 0.09 0.17


Luxembourg - - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
Mexico .. - - - 0.00 0.05 0.13 0.16 0.18
Netherlands - - - - 0.01 0.10 0.33 0.40 0.43
New Zealand - - - - - 0.01 0.09 0.10 0.13

Norway - - - - - 0.00 0.08 0.08 0.08


Poland - - - - - 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.10
Portugal - - - - 0.01 0.03 0.37 0.53 0.70
Slovak Republic .. - - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00
Spain - - - - 0.00 0.44 2.51 3.12 3.84

Sweden - - - - 0.00 0.04 0.13 0.18 0.22


Switzerland - - - - 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04
Turkey - - - - 0.03 0.26 0.45 0.49 0.56
United Kingdom - - - - 0.01 0.09 0.50 0.67 0.79
United States - - - - 0.32 2.07 e 4.54 e 6.49 e 7.87

OECD TOTAL .. 0.04 0.05 0.07 1.87 5.81 17.15 21.12 24.34
OECD N. AMERICA .. - - - 0.32 2.15 4.93 6.98 8.38
OECD PACIFIC .. - - 0.02 1.26 0.99 1.44 1.63 1.82
OECD EUROPE .. 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.29 2.67 10.78 12.51 14.14
IEA .. 0.04 0.05 0.07 1.87 5.76 17.02 20.96 24.17

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.162 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Production of combustible renewables and waste (Mtoe)


Production d'énergies renouvelables combustibles et de déchets (Mtep)
Erzeugung von erneuerbaren Brennstoffen und Abfällen (Mtoe)
Produzione di energia da combustibili rinnovabili e da rifiuti (Mtep)
นΆᕈౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯෸߮ᑄ᫈‛ߩ↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción de combustibles renovables y desechos (Mtep)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÂÎÇÎÁÍÎÂËßÅÌÛÕÂÈÄÎÂÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÎÒÕÎÄΠ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 4.09 3.56 3.53 3.61 3.96 5.03 e 5.35 5.49 5.29
Austria 0.77 0.66 0.70 1.13 2.44 3.19 4.86 5.14 5.01
Belgium - - 0.01 0.06 0.75 0.93 1.65 1.99 2.43
Canada 4.06 7.62 7.81 7.65 e 8.27 e 11.64 e 11.83 e 11.84 e 10.45
Czech Republic .. - - - - 0.64 2.34 2.40 2.68

Denmark .. 0.33 e 0.35 0.64 1.14 1.69 2.56 2.53 2.53


Finland 4.81 4.04 3.92 3.48 4.33 6.68 7.57 7.72 6.92
France .. 9.42 9.79 8.64 10.99 10.84 12.24 13.65 14.40
Germany .. 2.54 2.50 4.42 e 4.80 e 7.86 e 23.80 23.54 25.76
Greece .. 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.89 1.01 1.13 e 0.99 e 0.92

Hungary .. 0.57 0.59 0.53 0.70 0.76 1.28 1.54 1.77


Iceland - - - - - 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00
Ireland - - - - 0.11 0.14 0.22 0.22 0.22
Italy .. 0.22 e 0.24 e 0.82 e 0.85 e 1.74 e 3.80 4.56 5.08
Japan - - - - 4.99 5.85 7.36 7.01 6.00

Korea .. - - - 0.71 1.35 2.72 2.97 3.18


Luxembourg .. .. .. 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.06
Mexico .. 5.97 6.21 6.88 7.34 7.95 8.25 8.24 8.56
Netherlands .. .. .. 0.23 0.94 1.84 2.46 2.73 3.03
New Zealand .. .. .. 0.52 e 0.55 e 0.86 1.02 1.03 1.39

Norway .. .. .. 0.58 1.03 1.36 1.28 1.32 1.29


Poland 0.87 1.27 1.29 1.22 2.23 4.07 5.43 5.74 5.75
Portugal 0.71 0.70 0.64 0.72 2.48 2.77 3.18 3.15 3.48
Slovak Republic .. 0.21 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.42 e 0.62 0.72 0.71
Spain - 0.01 0.01 0.27 4.07 e 4.13 e 5.42 5.57 6.03

Sweden 2.55 2.89 3.54 4.13 5.51 8.26 9.87 9.94 9.50
Switzerland 0.35 0.23 0.24 0.47 1.16 e 1.44 2.09 2.15 2.15
Turkey 5.88 5.80 6.45 7.68 7.21 6.51 e 5.05 4.83 4.66
United Kingdom - - - - 0.63 1.92 3.83 3.78 4.49
United States 32.36 35.12 37.50 54.49 62.26 e 73.17 80.41 85.24 82.82

OECD TOTAL .. .. .. 108.80 140.50 174.08 217.69 226.10 226.54


OECD N. AMERICA .. .. .. 69.01 77.87 92.76 100.49 105.31 101.82
OECD PACIFIC .. .. .. 4.13 10.20 13.10 16.45 16.50 15.85
OECD EUROPE .. .. .. 35.66 52.43 68.23 100.75 104.28 108.87
IEA .. .. .. 101.92 133.15 166.14 209.43 217.85 217.98

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.163

Total production of energy (Mtoe)


Production totale d'énergie (Mtep)
Gesamte Energieerzeugung (Mtoe)
Produzione totale di energia (Mtep)
ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚↢↥㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Producción total de energía (Mtep)
®ÁÙÅÅÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 21.31 53.85 67.99 85.41 157.52 233.55 298.60 302.13 309.61
Austria 7.36 7.37 7.92 7.63 8.11 9.80 10.92 11.04 11.25
Belgium 14.00 6.84 6.51 8.09 13.10 13.73 14.37 14.55 15.54
Canada 57.09 155.84 198.22 207.42 273.82 372.62 415.92 407.38 382.98
Czech Republic .. 39.95 38.51 41.21 40.10 29.93 33.75 32.82 31.49

Denmark 1.00 0.33 0.43 0.95 10.08 27.73 27.04 26.59 23.91
Finland 5.29 4.98 4.88 6.91 12.08 15.07 16.14 16.56 16.45
France 45.30 47.61 44.17 52.60 111.87 130.80 134.79 136.63 128.83
Germany 125.26 175.21 171.66 185.62 186.17 135.33 138.64 134.11 128.26
Greece 0.32 2.08 2.33 3.70 9.20 9.99 10.17 9.86 9.76

Hungary .. 11.85 12.70 14.49 14.59 11.62 10.22 10.50 10.78


Iceland 0.15 0.42 0.54 0.90 1.40 2.31 3.95 4.36 4.61
Ireland 1.38 1.42 1.12 1.89 3.47 2.16 1.41 1.52 1.45
Italy 13.84 19.53 20.38 19.90 25.31 28.17 26.38 26.94 25.81
Japan 46.98 35.79 29.51 43.29 75.20 105.82 90.60 88.66 93.25

Korea .. 6.38 6.76 9.27 22.62 32.60 42.60 44.73 44.46


Luxembourg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08
Mexico .. 43.36 47.28 147.03 193.43 222.16 244.44 233.60 222.14
Netherlands 10.20 37.34 56.76 71.82 60.53 57.57 61.18 66.54 62.91
New Zealand 2.49 3.42 4.05 5.47 11.40 14.19 13.89 14.88 15.50

Norway 2.97 6.03 8.06 54.97 119.07 226.96 215.65 219.66 220.37
Poland 64.81 99.25 107.41 126.64 103.87 79.58 72.80 71.39 66.77
Portugal 1.27 1.38 1.40 1.48 3.39 3.85 4.62 4.45 5.05
Slovak Republic .. 2.69 2.57 3.47 5.28 6.33 5.98 6.42 5.88
Spain 9.84 10.45 11.35 15.77 34.58 31.68 30.26 30.42 29.92

Sweden 5.48 7.39 9.25 16.13 29.68 30.52 33.58 33.24 28.82
Switzerland 2.11 2.90 4.28 7.03 9.97 11.64 12.62 12.73 12.73
Turkey 9.37 13.81 15.52 17.14 25.81 25.86 27.27 28.98 27.85
United Kingdom 114.81 109.81 108.52 197.85 208.00 272.47 176.44 166.69 159.41
United States 964.86 1 436.42 1 456.23 1 553.26 1 652.50 1 667.28 1 668.96 1 706.06 1 688.82

OECD TOTAL .. 2 343.70 2 446.32 2 907.39 3 422.20 3 811.38 3 843.28 3 863.51 3 784.71
OECD N. AMERICA .. 1 635.62 1 701.74 1 907.71 2 119.75 2 262.07 2 329.32 2 347.03 2 293.94
OECD PACIFIC .. 99.43 108.30 143.45 266.75 386.16 445.69 450.41 462.83
OECD EUROPE .. 608.65 636.28 856.23 1 035.71 1 163.15 1 068.27 1 066.08 1 027.94
IEA .. 2 299.92 2 398.49 2 759.45 3 227.38 3 586.91 3 594.89 3 625.56 3 557.97

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.164 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Net imports of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Importations nettes de charbon et de tourbe (Mtep)
Nettoimport von Kohle und Torf (Mtoe)
Importazioni nette di carbone e torba (Mtep)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ߩ⚐ャ౉㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Importaciones netas de carbón y turba (Mtep)
·ÈÑÒÛÉÈÌÏÎÐÒÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 0.75 - 12.93 - 17.65 - 27.81 - 67.25 - 121.43 - 164.78 - 172.58 - 179.26
Austria 3.37 2.81 3.01 2.80 3.17 3.02 4.05 3.92 3.44
Belgium 0.52 3.48 4.55 7.18 9.61 7.18 4.07 4.64 2.89
Canada 7.15 6.39 2.83 0.34 - 11.90 - 4.22 - 7.91 e - 7.59 - 9.90
Czech Republic .. - 2.11 e - 2.41 e - 6.78 - 5.69 - 4.74 - 3.16 - 3.10 - 2.84

Denmark 3.43 1.43 1.87 6.05 6.22 3.78 4.67 4.35 3.89
Finland 2.01 2.34 2.43 3.79 4.39 3.54 4.55 3.94 3.85
France 9.40 10.00 9.49 20.23 13.01 13.00 12.59 14.20 9.85
Germany - 12.94 - 3.26 - 3.06 - 1.33 3.34 21.66 32.04 31.01 25.88
Greece 0.10 0.26 0.45 0.38 0.92 0.77 0.36 0.41 0.11

Hungary .. 2.01 1.63 2.20 1.63 1.08 1.38 1.42 0.92


Iceland 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.11 0.09 e 0.08
Ireland 1.15 0.70 0.50 0.81 2.01 1.70 1.49 1.65 1.37
Italy 7.23 8.33 7.73 11.65 13.74 13.14 16.65 16.57 12.48
Japan 6.09 32.02 40.89 47.55 72.07 95.44 116.16 114.19 101.59

Korea .. - 0.11 e 0.34 e 3.47 e 15.73 e 38.45 e 54.50 61.51 62.91


Luxembourg 3.09 2.50 2.44 1.84 1.13 0.13 0.08 0.07 0.06
Mexico .. 0.24 0.27 0.59 0.23 1.70 2.84 2.34 2.97
Netherlands 1.56 1.26 1.54 3.72 9.46 8.00 8.87 8.56 9.24
New Zealand - 0.01 - 0.00 - 0.02 - 0.05 - 0.22 - 1.12 - 1.08 - 1.48 - 1.11

Norway 0.54 0.63 0.58 0.79 0.67 0.60 - 1.55 - 1.49 - 1.13
Poland - 13.02 - 20.67 - 26.17 - 20.56 - 20.12 - 16.31 - 8.52 - 3.58 - 2.63
Portugal 0.24 0.30 0.27 0.35 2.99 3.91 2.90 2.30 3.03
Slovak Republic .. 6.34 6.26 6.28 6.12 3.43 3.82 3.44 3.12
Spain 0.21 1.73 2.15 4.13 7.08 12.81 13.32 11.04 9.12

Sweden 2.52 1.77 1.68 1.68 2.64 2.41 2.45 2.27 1.35
Switzerland 1.76 0.36 0.22 0.51 0.34 0.19 0.21 0.16 0.17
Turkey - 0.02 - 0.01 0.01 0.53 4.21 9.31 14.64 12.86 13.38
United Kingdom - 3.83 0.75 - 0.87 1.40 8.53 14.45 26.92 26.89 23.09
United States - 21.36 - 33.41 - 30.31 - 57.01 - 65.87 - 28.30 - 12.48 - 27.13 - 22.20

OECD TOTAL .. 13.18 10.65 14.75 18.24 83.66 129.22 110.88 75.71
OECD N. AMERICA .. - 26.78 - 27.21 - 56.08 - 77.53 - 30.83 - 17.55 - 32.37 - 29.13
OECD PACIFIC .. 18.98 23.55 23.16 20.32 11.34 4.81 1.63 - 15.88
OECD EUROPE .. 20.97 14.31 47.66 75.45 103.15 141.95 141.62 120.72
IEA .. 12.94 10.38 14.13 17.95 81.87 126.26 108.45 72.66

A negative number shows net exports.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.165

Net imports of oil (Mtoe)


Importations nettes de pétrole (Mtep)
Netto-Ölimport (Mtoe)
Importazioni nette di petrolio (Mtep)
⍹ᴤߩ⚐ャ౉㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Importaciones netas de petróleo (Mtep)
·ÈÑÒÛÉÈÌÏÎÐÒÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 12.73 11.25 9.21 11.25 5.10 3.55 15.17 19.22 19.16
Austria 0.56 7.80 9.67 11.00 9.63 10.98 12.73 12.45 12.04
Belgium 7.74 28.80 31.46 26.41 22.60 30.13 31.91 35.57 31.32
Canada 16.15 1.79 - 14.49 8.44 - 14.86 - 39.04 - 63.01 - 62.71 - 66.41
Czech Republic .. 7.35 8.85 10.89 8.58 7.51 9.59 9.63 9.21

Denmark 5.18 18.68 18.57 13.24 2.73 - 8.49 - 6.31 - 4.66 - 4.99
Finland 2.67 11.85 13.61 13.67 10.34 10.24 10.71 10.92 9.82
France 29.01 103.93 128.66 112.32 85.91 89.84 91.08 89.93 86.05
Germany 29.01 141.34 160.84 148.86 122.12 126.89 109.25 117.08 110.61
Greece 2.63 7.44 11.58 13.22 14.34 19.32 20.26 20.71 18.38

Hungary .. 5.12 6.47 8.31 6.43 5.21 6.23 5.96 5.68


Iceland 0.38 0.55 0.69 0.58 0.73 0.94 1.05 0.98 0.95
Ireland 1.43 5.11 5.45 5.83 5.06 8.02 8.64 8.50 7.87
Italy 23.76 87.88 98.34 92.76 85.14 87.96 76.03 72.02 67.28
Japan 29.47 219.84 273.08 251.70 263.30 270.04 240.08 224.82 207.49

Korea .. 10.73 13.22 27.28 51.72 109.50 105.87 100.24 105.37


Luxembourg 0.23 1.41 1.65 1.10 1.62 2.34 2.88 2.92 2.50
Mexico .. 0.55 5.72 - 47.58 - 70.35 - 75.58 - 74.24 - 60.12 - 55.18
Netherlands 12.10 36.02 41.73 38.15 31.17 42.31 49.17 49.03 46.56
New Zealand 1.85 4.05 4.56 4.26 2.34 4.50 5.39 4.41 4.69

Norway 3.69 7.46 6.56 - 14.62 - 72.50 - 156.39 - 112.36 - 103.82 - 106.99
Poland 2.00 8.76 11.76 17.74 14.31 19.83 25.77 24.69 24.67
Portugal 1.77 5.40 6.19 9.44 11.92 16.03 14.52 14.19 13.04
Slovak Republic .. 4.19 5.27 7.47 4.50 2.63 3.38 3.53 3.08
Spain 6.42 33.59 41.01 49.92 49.66 71.50 79.44 77.44 71.30

Sweden 13.45 29.23 28.60 25.91 15.28 15.73 15.50 16.75 14.84
Switzerland 4.18 13.74 15.01 13.40 13.19 12.11 11.46 12.56 12.96
Turkey 1.16 6.12 8.84 13.74 21.24 29.25 31.53 29.45 24.33
United Kingdom 51.23 111.03 115.95 1.93 - 11.00 - 46.72 0.56 7.07 7.03
United States 83.33 189.57 303.36 340.08 374.40 549.54 634.42 589.67 521.00

OECD TOTAL .. 1 120.60 1 371.43 1 216.72 1 064.66 1 219.68 1 356.69 1 328.46 1 203.67
OECD N. AMERICA .. 191.91 294.59 300.93 289.19 434.93 497.16 466.84 399.42
OECD PACIFIC .. 245.88 300.08 294.50 322.46 387.60 366.51 348.70 336.71
OECD EUROPE .. 682.80 776.76 621.29 453.01 397.15 493.01 512.93 467.54
IEA .. 1 119.50 1 365.03 1 263.72 1 134.29 1 294.32 1 429.88 1 387.60 1 257.89

A negative number shows net exports.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.166 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Net imports of gas (Mtoe)


Importations nettes de gaz naturel (Mtep)
Nettoimport von Erdgas (Mtoe)
Importazioni nette di gas naturale (Mtep)
ࠟࠬߩ⚐ャ౉㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Importaciones netas de gas natural (Mtep)
·ÈÑÒÛÉÈÌÏÎÐÒÏÐÈÐÎÄÍÎÃÎÃÀÇÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - - - 2.35 - 9.26 - 13.17 - 13.66 - 12.89


Austria 0.00 1.23 1.34 2.66 4.44 5.25 5.65 6.52 6.52
Belgium - 0.02 4.71 7.11 8.89 8.21 13.27 14.90 14.89 14.45
Canada - 2.43 - 20.16 - 22.77 - 18.37 - 32.51 - 81.33 - 77.45 - 71.86 - 62.63
Czech Republic .. 0.50 e 0.72 e 2.41 4.78 7.48 6.71 7.02 7.02

Denmark - - - - - 0.93 - 2.88 - 4.05 - 4.93 - 3.58


Finland - - - 0.77 2.18 3.42 3.72 3.85 3.48
France 0.10 4.00 7.56 16.17 24.36 35.77 37.12 38.99 38.78
Germany - 0.00 4.65 12.29 35.31 41.74 56.85 61.74 64.67 67.27
Greece - - - - - 1.69 3.33 3.51 2.96

Hungary .. 0.17 0.15 3.19 5.17 7.28 8.55 9.30 7.81


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - 2.48 3.91 4.13 3.96
Italy - 0.03 1.64 11.76 25.30 46.99 60.49 62.76 56.62
Japan - 1.17 2.78 19.53 42.33 63.49 80.07 79.88 77.79

Korea .. - - - 2.68 17.07 29.91 33.34 29.31


Luxembourg - 0.03 0.22 0.42 0.43 0.67 1.20 1.09 1.11
Mexico .. - 0.48 - 0.05 - 2.42 0.37 2.20 8.12 10.66 9.10
Netherlands 0.01 - 13.18 - 25.25 - 38.47 - 23.79 - 17.19 - 21.19 - 25.26 - 21.46
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -

Norway - - - - 21.90 - 22.17 - 42.13 - 73.20 - 82.24 - 85.16


Poland 0.20 1.18 1.39 4.30 6.78 6.61 8.25 9.12 8.12
Portugal - - - - - 2.04 3.76 4.14 4.27
Slovak Republic .. 0.81 1.17 2.21 5.35 5.71 4.98 4.97 5.40
Spain - 0.37 0.93 1.41 3.69 15.46 31.50 35.23 30.87

Sweden - - - - 0.58 0.78 0.91 0.83 1.11


Switzerland - 0.00 0.09 0.15 0.87 1.63 2.43 2.63 2.81 2.69
Turkey - - - - 2.68 12.05 29.76 30.24 28.86
United Kingdom 0.00 0.75 0.67 9.00 6.18 - 9.31 16.62 22.00 24.65
United States 3.39 19.97 22.11 21.68 33.18 82.18 88.33 69.24 62.33

OECD TOTAL .. 5.82 12.16 59.42 140.32 229.07 323.10 321.25 308.77
OECD N. AMERICA .. - 0.68 - 0.72 0.89 1.04 3.06 19.00 8.04 8.81
OECD PACIFIC .. 1.17 2.78 19.53 42.67 71.29 96.81 99.56 94.20
OECD EUROPE .. 5.33 10.09 39.00 96.62 154.72 207.30 213.65 205.76
IEA .. 6.30 12.21 61.84 139.95 226.87 314.98 310.59 299.67

A negative number shows net exports.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.167

Net imports of electricity (Mtoe)


Importations nettes d'électricité (Mtep)
Nettoimport von Elektrizität (Mtoe)
Importazioni nette di energia elettrica (Mtep)
㔚ജߩ⚐ャ౉㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Importaciones netas de electricidad (Mtep)
·ÈÑÒÛÉÈÌÏÎÐÒÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - 0.16 - 0.22 - 0.13 - 0.34 - 0.04 - 0.12 0.57 0.42 0.07
Belgium 0.00 - 0.04 - 0.06 - 0.23 - 0.32 0.37 0.58 0.91 - 0.16
Canada - 0.44 - 0.31 - 1.21 - 2.34 - 0.03 - 3.07 - 2.66 - 2.79 - 3.06
Czech Republic .. - 0.02 - 0.19 - 0.13 - 0.06 - 0.86 - 1.39 - 0.99 - 1.17

Denmark 0.01 - 0.17 - 0.02 - 0.11 0.61 0.06 - 0.08 0.13 0.03
Finland 0.04 0.22 0.37 0.10 0.92 1.02 1.08 1.10 1.04
France - 0.01 - 0.12 - 0.25 0.28 - 3.91 - 5.98 - 4.89 - 4.13 - 2.21
Germany 0.36 0.60 0.99 0.61 0.08 0.26 - 1.42 - 1.73 - 1.06
Greece 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.06 - 0.00 0.37 0.48 0.38

Hungary .. 0.37 0.40 0.64 0.96 0.30 0.34 0.34 0.47


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - 0.00 0.00 - - 0.01 0.11 0.04 0.07
Italy - 0.01 0.14 0.08 0.52 2.98 3.81 3.98 3.44 3.82
Japan - - - - - - - - -

Korea .. - - - - - - - -
Luxembourg 0.00 0.15 0.18 0.24 0.34 0.49 0.34 0.37 0.29
Mexico .. 0.01 0.03 0.05 - 0.12 0.08 - 0.10 - 0.09 - 0.08
Netherlands 0.01 - 0.09 - 0.12 - 0.03 0.79 1.63 1.51 1.36 0.42
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -

Norway 0.01 - 0.25 - 0.45 - 0.04 - 1.37 - 1.64 - 0.86 - 1.19 - 0.77
Poland 0.03 - 0.01 - 0.15 - 0.02 - 0.09 - 0.55 - 0.46 - 0.11 - 0.19
Portugal 0.00 0.02 - 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.08 0.64 0.81 0.41
Slovak Republic .. 0.20 0.24 0.29 0.45 - 0.23 0.15 0.04 0.11
Spain - 0.01 - 0.21 - 0.17 - 0.12 - 0.04 0.38 - 0.49 - 0.95 - 0.70

Sweden - 0.07 0.14 0.06 0.05 - 0.15 0.40 0.11 - 0.17 0.40
Switzerland - 0.22 - 0.09 - 0.30 - 0.70 - 0.18 - 0.61 - 0.18 - 0.10 - 0.19
Turkey - - - 0.12 - 0.06 0.29 - 0.13 - 0.03 - 0.06
United Kingdom - 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.03 1.22 0.45 0.95 0.25
United States 0.39 0.30 1.23 2.30 0.17 2.92 2.69 2.83 2.93

OECD TOTAL .. 0.64 0.54 1.35 2.01 0.27 0.27 0.95 1.05
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.02 - 0.07 - 0.07 - 0.06 - 0.20
OECD PACIFIC .. - - - - - - - -
OECD EUROPE .. 0.64 0.49 1.35 1.99 0.34 0.34 1.01 1.26
IEA .. 0.63 0.51 1.30 2.13 0.19 0.37 1.05 1.13

A negative number shows net exports.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.168 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Total net imports of energy (Mtoe)


Importations nettes totales d'énergie (Mtep)
Gesamter Nettoimport von Energie (Mtoe)
Importazioni nette totali di energia (Mtep)
ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⚐ャ౉㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Importaciones netas totales de energía (Mtep)
®ÁÙÈÉ×ÈÑÒÛÉÈÌÏÎÐÒÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 11.99 - 1.68 - 8.44 - 16.55 - 64.50 - 127.13 - 162.78 - 167.02 - 173.00
Austria 3.76 11.63 13.90 16.12 17.26 19.08 23.26 23.59 22.45
Belgium 8.24 36.96 43.06 42.25 40.11 51.05 51.87 56.39 48.62
Canada 20.43 - 12.29 - 35.64 - 11.94 - 59.30 - 127.61 - 150.79 - 144.67 - 141.88
Czech Republic .. 5.72 6.97 6.39 7.62 9.38 11.52 12.37 12.06

Denmark 8.62 19.94 20.42 19.19 8.63 - 7.47 - 5.40 - 4.67 - 4.19
Finland 4.72 14.41 16.42 18.33 17.83 18.23 19.99 19.79 18.24
France 38.50 117.81 145.45 149.00 119.38 132.64 136.22 139.34 132.72
Germany 16.43 143.33 171.06 183.38 167.27 205.66 201.58 210.90 202.71
Greece 2.74 7.69 12.04 13.65 15.32 21.78 24.38 25.16 21.87

Hungary .. 7.67 8.65 14.34 14.16 13.87 16.55 16.99 14.86


Iceland 0.40 0.55 0.69 0.60 0.79 1.03 1.17 1.07 1.03
Ireland 2.58 5.81 5.96 6.64 7.07 12.21 14.18 14.36 13.33
Italy 30.98 96.38 107.79 116.80 127.26 152.43 157.99 155.59 141.31
Japan 35.56 253.03 316.76 318.78 377.70 428.97 436.32 418.89 386.86

Korea .. 10.63 13.56 30.75 70.15 165.04 190.31 195.11 197.59


Luxembourg 3.32 4.09 4.49 3.62 3.52 3.63 4.54 4.50 3.99
Mexico .. 0.32 5.97 - 49.35 - 69.87 - 71.61 - 63.38 - 47.21 - 43.18
Netherlands 13.67 24.02 17.90 3.37 17.63 34.65 38.70 34.14 35.14
New Zealand 1.84 4.05 4.54 4.22 2.12 3.38 4.32 2.93 3.59

Norway 4.24 7.84 6.70 - 35.76 - 95.36 - 199.55 - 187.94 - 188.71 - 194.04
Poland - 10.80 - 10.74 - 13.18 1.47 0.87 9.58 25.03 30.29 30.19
Portugal 2.00 5.72 6.46 9.94 14.91 22.06 21.82 21.43 20.75
Slovak Republic .. 11.56 12.96 16.24 16.41 11.53 12.34 11.97 11.59
Spain 6.62 35.47 43.92 55.35 60.39 100.16 123.77 122.99 110.59

Sweden 15.90 31.13 30.34 27.64 18.34 19.32 18.97 19.68 17.71
Switzerland 5.72 14.09 15.08 14.08 14.98 14.12 14.14 15.44 15.65
Turkey 1.14 6.11 8.85 14.38 28.07 50.90 75.79 72.52 66.51
United Kingdom 47.41 112.55 115.75 12.33 4.73 - 40.36 44.82 57.77 55.88
United States 65.75 176.43 296.38 307.04 341.89 606.35 713.37 634.45 563.82

OECD TOTAL .. 1 140.25 1 394.81 1 292.29 1 225.39 1 533.30 1 812.67 1 765.39 1 592.78
OECD N. AMERICA .. 164.46 266.72 245.75 212.72 407.14 499.20 442.56 378.76
OECD PACIFIC .. 266.03 326.42 337.19 385.47 470.26 468.16 449.91 415.04
OECD EUROPE .. 709.76 801.68 709.35 627.20 655.91 845.31 872.91 798.98
IEA .. 1 139.38 1 388.15 1 341.05 1 294.47 1 603.88 1 874.88 1 811.53 1 634.93

A negative number shows net exports.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.169

Primary supply of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Approvisionnement primaire en charbon et en tourbe (Mtep)
Primärenergieaufkommen von Kohle und Torf (Mtoe)
Disponibilità primaria di carbone e torba (Mtep)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ߩ৻ᰴଏ⛎㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Suministro primario de carbón y turba (Mtep)
¯ÅÐÂÈ×ÍÀßÏÎÑÒÀÂÊÀÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 15.89 21.12 22.58 27.32 34.98 48.16 55.47 57.96 55.71
Austria 5.06 4.08 3.87 3.65 4.10 3.59 3.83 3.64 3.02
Belgium 15.96 10.15 11.18 11.40 10.57 7.88 4.24 4.35 3.20
Canada 12.56 15.87 15.26 21.22 24.28 31.66 26.41 26.27 21.11
Czech Republic .. 37.32 35.59 33.43 31.46 21.58 21.26 19.66 18.79

Denmark 4.11 1.45 1.93 5.88 6.09 3.99 4.65 4.01 3.97
Finland 1.93 2.08 2.55 4.95 5.32 5.09 7.20 5.40 5.40
France 44.62 33.54 29.24 32.89 20.21 15.04 13.64 12.88 9.98
Germany 109.44 141.82 139.37 141.03 128.54 84.83 86.67 80.97 72.51
Greece 0.40 1.62 2.10 3.26 8.07 9.04 8.84 8.32 8.02

Hungary .. 7.85 7.91 8.43 6.10 3.85 3.13 3.04 2.61


Iceland 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.08
Ireland 2.46 2.07 1.59 1.91 3.47 2.63 2.31 2.37 2.06
Italy 7.96 8.55 8.10 11.68 14.63 12.56 16.78 16.28 12.24
Japan 47.52 56.04 57.86 59.56 76.62 96.86 116.24 113.50 101.87

Korea .. 6.27 8.13 13.49 25.56 39.45 56.14 62.77 64.29


Luxembourg 3.08 2.50 2.44 1.82 1.13 0.13 0.08 0.07 0.06
Mexico .. 1.51 1.84 2.37 3.47 6.85 9.10 7.52 8.88
Netherlands 9.91 3.38 2.87 3.79 8.93 7.85 8.51 8.08 7.48
New Zealand 1.57 1.09 1.26 1.02 1.13 1.04 1.54 1.69 1.62

Norway 0.78 0.94 0.91 1.01 0.86 1.08 0.75 0.77 0.56
Poland 50.48 70.70 74.70 99.80 78.87 56.30 55.73 54.75 51.34
Portugal 0.55 0.58 0.51 0.43 2.76 3.81 2.89 2.53 2.84
Slovak Republic .. 8.04 7.96 8.20 7.83 4.27 4.00 4.01 3.78
Spain 8.83 8.94 9.03 12.43 19.29 20.92 20.01 13.48 11.00

Sweden 2.83 1.72 1.63 1.70 2.96 2.45 2.65 2.43 1.51
Switzerland 1.76 0.41 0.33 0.33 0.36 0.14 0.18 0.16 0.15
Turkey 3.20 4.31 5.15 6.99 16.91 22.91 29.39 29.46 28.53
United Kingdom 114.31 84.03 76.43 68.80 63.11 36.50 38.77 35.89 30.12
United States 222.86 279.38 311.05 376.23 460.20 533.63 554.80 545.76 486.06

OECD TOTAL .. 817.38 843.35 965.02 1 067.85 1 084.15 1 155.31 1 128.09 1 018.77
OECD N. AMERICA .. 296.76 328.15 399.82 487.94 572.13 590.31 579.56 516.04
OECD PACIFIC .. 84.52 89.84 101.38 138.29 185.51 229.39 235.93 223.48
OECD EUROPE .. 436.10 425.36 463.81 441.62 326.51 335.61 312.60 279.24
IEA .. 815.87 841.51 962.63 1 064.31 1 077.21 1 146.10 1 120.48 1 009.81

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.170 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Primary supply of oil (Mtoe)


Approvisionnement primaire en pétrole (Mtep)
Primärenergieaufkommen von Öl (Mtoe)
Disponibilità primaria di petrolio (Mtep)
⍹ᴤߩ৻ᰴଏ⛎㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Suministro primario de petróleo (Mtep)
¯ÅÐÂÈ×ÍÀßÏÎÑÒÀÂÊÀÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒΠ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 11.15 24.15 26.58 30.07 31.20 34.15 36.25 39.40 40.35
Austria 2.99 10.04 12.11 12.08 10.34 11.69 13.31 12.71 12.63
Belgium 7.04 24.82 27.69 23.34 17.96 23.26 22.50 24.08 22.98
Canada 41.98 71.91 79.39 88.52 76.51 87.10 99.17 96.42 88.27
Czech Republic .. 7.15 8.66 10.84 8.72 7.71 9.56 9.48 9.19

Denmark 4.68 16.90 16.72 12.72 7.63 7.96 7.45 7.20 6.34
Finland 2.50 10.90 13.26 12.60 9.46 8.77 9.74 9.61 8.75
France 28.55 99.32 119.81 106.32 83.92 82.03 83.96 83.20 79.59
Germany 30.61 140.57 158.70 143.86 121.64 125.40 104.40 111.13 103.90
Greece 1.97 6.39 9.06 10.92 12.07 14.88 15.91 16.39 15.93

Hungary .. 7.00 8.15 10.79 8.35 6.63 7.28 6.99 6.73


Iceland 0.37 0.48 0.58 0.58 0.62 0.70 0.83 0.81 0.84
Ireland 1.19 4.61 5.26 5.52 4.47 7.39 7.83 7.53 6.99
Italy 20.92 79.11 90.30 88.23 83.32 86.85 75.96 72.46 66.96
Japan 27.65 198.85 248.93 233.68 250.42 255.21 229.83 214.29 202.04

Korea .. 10.59 13.31 26.65 49.73 99.04 94.45 89.62 91.49


Luxembourg 0.23 1.37 1.60 1.04 1.48 1.97 2.48 2.46 2.32
Mexico .. 25.47 32.47 64.45 80.26 90.23 100.37 103.71 99.49
Netherlands 10.77 27.52 30.46 28.86 23.28 25.89 32.79 31.01 29.43
New Zealand 1.65 3.51 4.17 4.01 3.51 5.71 6.16 6.17 6.29

Norway 3.34 7.17 7.53 8.71 8.06 8.95 9.76 11.74 8.92
Poland 2.08 8.33 10.68 16.65 13.04 19.16 23.69 24.54 23.85
Portugal 1.46 4.45 5.12 8.00 10.70 14.91 13.14 12.25 11.33
Slovak Republic .. 4.37 5.39 7.49 4.49 2.82 3.54 3.64 3.38
Spain 6.00 30.11 37.60 49.77 45.47 62.10 67.94 65.05 60.79

Sweden 12.22 26.79 27.91 22.64 14.30 13.57 12.93 13.52 11.84
Switzerland 3.80 13.08 14.45 12.51 12.26 11.02 10.45 11.09 11.51
Turkey 1.52 9.17 12.48 15.62 23.40 30.40 30.70 29.55 25.08
United Kingdom 43.69 100.77 108.90 79.34 76.37 73.22 67.44 67.73 64.57
United States 467.10 722.01 817.49 796.93 756.84 871.15 902.87 851.60 800.13

OECD TOTAL .. 1 696.93 1 954.76 1 932.73 1 849.84 2 089.89 2 102.69 2 035.40 1 921.90
OECD N. AMERICA .. 819.40 929.35 949.90 913.62 1 048.48 1 102.41 1 051.73 987.88
OECD PACIFIC .. 237.09 292.99 294.41 334.86 394.11 366.69 349.48 340.18
OECD EUROPE .. 640.44 732.41 688.42 601.35 647.30 633.59 634.19 593.84
IEA .. 1 670.98 1 921.71 1 867.71 1 768.95 1 998.96 2 001.49 1 930.88 1 821.58

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.171

Primary supply of gas (Mtoe)


Approvisionnement primaire en gaz (Mtep)
Primärenergieaufkommen von Gas (Mtoe)
Disponibilità primaria di gas (Mtep)
ࠟࠬߩ৻ᰴଏ⛎㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Suministro primario de gas natural (Mtep)
¯ÅÐÂÈ×ÍÀßÏÎÑÒÀÂÊÀÃÀÇÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 1.79 3.38 7.46 14.79 19.27 25.79 25.72 28.28


Austria 1.27 2.84 3.30 4.16 5.18 6.52 6.98 7.47 7.59
Belgium 0.03 4.71 7.14 8.91 8.17 13.36 14.92 14.83 14.67
Canada 8.80 31.17 37.27 45.55 54.73 74.24 80.59 77.05 77.71
Czech Republic .. 0.83 1.01 2.60 5.26 7.50 7.18 7.12 6.72

Denmark - - 0.00 0.00 1.82 4.45 4.06 4.08 3.90


Finland - - - 0.77 2.18 3.42 3.72 3.85 3.48
France 2.50 9.73 13.56 21.64 26.02 35.76 38.48 39.87 38.45
Germany 0.73 16.73 28.67 51.18 54.99 71.83 76.85 76.53 76.40
Greece - - - - 0.14 1.70 3.36 3.51 2.97

Hungary .. 3.25 4.17 7.97 8.91 9.65 10.70 10.56 9.11


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - 0.74 1.87 3.43 4.28 4.48 4.28
Italy 5.28 10.85 14.22 22.72 38.99 57.92 69.51 69.50 63.91
Japan 0.64 3.31 5.07 21.40 44.16 65.65 83.05 83.71 80.66

Korea .. - - - 2.72 17.01 31.15 31.81 30.81


Luxembourg - 0.03 0.22 0.42 0.43 0.67 1.20 1.09 1.11
Mexico .. 8.77 10.49 19.13 23.12 29.58 47.11 49.08 48.94
Netherlands 0.29 19.95 28.50 30.42 30.80 34.98 33.26 34.65 34.96
New Zealand 0.06 0.11 0.28 0.79 3.90 5.06 3.65 3.44 3.55

Norway - - - 0.87 1.98 4.14 4.87 4.86 5.50


Poland 0.66 5.72 6.25 8.77 8.94 9.96 12.37 12.54 12.27
Portugal - - - - - 2.03 3.81 4.14 4.22
Slovak Republic .. 1.31 1.56 2.32 5.09 5.77 5.09 5.16 5.05
Spain - 0.36 0.94 1.45 4.97 15.21 31.77 34.90 31.23

Sweden - - - - 0.58 0.78 0.91 0.83 1.11


Switzerland - 0.00 0.09 0.15 0.87 1.63 2.43 2.63 2.81 2.69
Turkey - - - - 2.85 12.63 30.42 30.18 28.86
United Kingdom 0.06 16.40 25.11 40.31 47.19 87.37 81.94 84.45 78.04
United States 283.73 516.92 514.51 476.78 438.23 547.58 542.69 542.77 543.84

OECD TOTAL .. 654.89 705.83 777.24 839.63 1 149.93 1 262.34 1 270.98 1 250.31
OECD N. AMERICA .. 556.87 562.28 541.47 516.08 651.40 670.39 668.89 670.49
OECD PACIFIC .. 5.21 8.74 29.65 65.57 106.98 143.64 144.68 143.29
OECD EUROPE .. 92.81 134.81 206.12 257.98 391.55 448.32 457.41 436.53
IEA .. 646.11 695.33 758.11 816.51 1 120.35 1 215.23 1 221.91 1 201.38

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.172 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Total primary energy supply (TPES) (Mtoe)


Approvisionnements totaux en énergie primaire (ATEP) (Mtep)
Gesamtaufkommen von Primärenergie (TPES) (Mtoe)
Disponibilità totale di energia primaria (DTEP) (Mtep)
৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ଏ⛎㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Suministro total de energía primaria (TPES) (Mtep)
®ÁÙÀßÏÅÐÂÈ×ÍÀßÏÎÑÒÀÂÊÀÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ®¯¯²½  ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 31.48 51.61 57.06 69.60 86.23 108.11 124.46 130.11 131.16
Austria 10.90 18.82 21.48 23.15 24.78 28.52 33.25 33.25 32.42
Belgium 23.06 39.66 45.99 46.77 48.28 58.51 57.03 58.58 55.76
Canada 76.13 141.35 159.34 192.60 208.68 251.44 272.10 266.77 250.05
Czech Republic .. 45.38 45.16 46.95 48.75 40.25 45.78 44.63 43.43

Denmark 8.81 18.51 18.99 19.14 17.34 18.58 19.66 19.01 17.84
Finland 9.73 18.17 21.03 24.60 28.38 32.11 36.63 35.26 33.00
France 79.22 158.57 180.14 191.77 223.89 251.87 263.89 266.50 253.01
Germany 142.17 305.05 334.70 357.18 351.40 337.29 332.90 335.28 318.83
Greece 2.41 8.69 11.81 14.98 21.44 27.09 30.22 30.42 29.05

Hungary .. 19.03 21.28 28.35 28.66 25.00 26.73 26.46 24.86


Iceland 0.54 0.90 1.12 1.50 2.09 3.10 4.89 5.25 5.52
Ireland 3.73 6.72 6.91 8.24 9.99 13.70 15.00 14.98 14.01
Italy 39.90 105.40 119.12 130.84 146.56 171.52 179.09 176.03 162.71
Japan 80.84 267.53 320.37 344.52 439.32 518.95 515.33 495.84 473.69

Korea .. 16.97 21.54 41.21 93.09 185.66 222.15 226.95 228.75


Luxembourg 3.30 4.06 4.43 3.56 3.41 3.32 4.22 4.12 3.90
Mexico .. 42.98 52.57 95.12 121.27 144.79 176.29 180.61 176.79
Netherlands 20.97 50.87 62.00 64.36 65.67 73.23 80.24 79.68 77.23
New Zealand 4.11 6.91 8.02 8.98 12.70 16.68 16.69 16.93 18.08

Norway 6.83 13.30 14.26 18.32 21.00 25.87 27.45 29.67 26.51
Poland 54.18 86.12 92.88 126.62 103.10 89.12 97.00 97.88 93.56
Portugal 2.98 6.28 6.90 9.99 16.74 24.67 25.07 24.16 23.85
Slovak Republic .. 14.26 15.52 19.85 21.33 17.74 17.85 18.30 17.05
Spain 16.17 42.60 51.61 67.69 90.09 121.95 143.87 138.79 128.19

Sweden 20.20 36.04 38.84 40.49 47.20 47.56 50.03 49.59 43.49
Switzerland 7.45 16.39 18.91 20.04 24.04 24.63 25.72 26.70 26.92
Turkey 10.69 19.54 24.35 31.44 52.76 76.35 100.01 98.50 92.15
United Kingdom 158.92 208.68 218.07 198.43 205.92 222.94 210.06 208.45 197.60
United States 1 019.30 1 587.47 1 729.94 1 804.68 1 915.00 2 273.33 2 336.55 2 283.72 2 172.11

OECD TOTAL .. 3 357.86 3 724.32 4 050.96 4 479.10 5 233.86 5 490.13 5 422.43 5 171.52
OECD N. AMERICA .. 1 771.80 1 941.85 2 092.39 2 244.94 2 669.56 2 784.93 2 731.10 2 598.94
OECD PACIFIC .. 343.03 406.99 464.32 631.33 829.40 878.62 869.83 851.67
OECD EUROPE .. 1 243.04 1 375.48 1 494.24 1 602.83 1 734.89 1 826.57 1 821.50 1 720.90
IEA .. 3 313.98 3 670.63 3 954.34 4 355.74 5 085.97 5 308.94 5 236.57 4 989.21

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.173

Electricity generation from coal and peat (% of total)


Production d'électricité à partir du charbon et de tourbe (% du total)
Stromerzeugung auf Kohle- und Torfbasis (in %)
Produzione di energia termoelettrica da carbone e torba (% del totale)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇߆ࠄߩ⊒㔚㊂
 
Generación de electricidad a partir del carbón y turba (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÇÀÑ×ÅÒÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈßÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀ ÂÊÎÁÙÅÌÓÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÓ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 74.42 71.03 74.88 73.25 78.74 83.03 78.80 76.87 76.24
Austria 13.86 13.12 10.32 7.02 14.21 11.26 12.19 10.72 7.70
Belgium 85.36 26.89 21.68 29.36 28.25 19.37 9.51 8.66 6.85
Canada 3.38 18.80 12.92 16.02 17.06 19.42 18.03 17.19 16.98
Czech Republic .. 84.84 85.14 84.75 76.43 73.13 62.53 59.91 57.16

Denmark 71.62 18.59 35.80 81.84 90.68 46.25 50.82 47.97 48.19
Finland 29.68 27.95 28.07 42.63 23.56 18.86 27.01 18.48 21.80
France 36.47 29.37 19.66 27.35 8.49 5.76 5.00 4.78 5.17
Germany 87.03 74.99 69.00 62.94 58.73 53.15 49.30 46.05 44.78
Greece 53.36 43.18 35.45 44.85 72.37 64.23 55.29 53.02 55.62

Hungary .. 65.35 66.01 50.44 30.49 27.58 18.74 18.00 17.88


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland 53.32 29.74 24.92 16.40 57.37 36.27 27.52 27.31 24.63
Italy 3.82 4.74 3.60 9.95 16.78 11.31 16.14 15.50 15.16
Japan 32.21 11.86 8.01 9.60 13.97 22.14 27.61 26.82 28.38

Korea .. 6.87 9.05 6.66 16.76 38.61 40.08 43.20 46.86


Luxembourg 97.81 63.17 58.82 51.63 76.44 - - - -
Mexico .. 0.52 0.56 - 6.71 9.71 11.98 8.27 11.63
Netherlands 79.69 12.44 6.04 13.69 38.26 30.25 27.06 24.89 23.48
New Zealand 14.42 4.81 8.52 1.89 2.06 3.94 7.23 11.01 7.60

Norway - 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.09


Poland 97.46 91.91 93.90 94.71 97.49 96.15 92.99 92.15 90.54
Portugal 1.10 3.56 3.94 2.30 32.11 33.87 26.44 24.62 26.40
Slovak Republic .. 66.34 64.40 37.86 31.86 19.84 18.73 17.90 18.38
Spain 12.90 21.74 18.87 30.01 40.13 36.38 24.55 16.06 12.83

Sweden 1.08 0.31 0.64 0.19 1.09 1.75 1.15 1.49 1.22
Switzerland - - - 0.13 0.07 - - - -
Turkey 54.67 30.48 26.11 25.61 35.07 30.57 27.89 29.09 28.33
United Kingdom 81.09 63.94 62.06 73.18 64.97 32.67 35.14 32.89 28.39
United States 53.91 44.79 46.16 51.20 53.07 52.90 48.99 49.09 45.65

OECD TOTAL .. 39.63 38.03 41.06 40.44 38.89 37.16 36.37 34.98
OECD N. AMERICA .. 41.14 41.47 45.43 47.09 46.94 43.33 43.13 40.40
OECD PACIFIC .. 18.30 15.71 17.54 22.75 32.74 36.96 37.50 39.14
OECD EUROPE .. 44.54 40.98 43.30 38.41 29.80 28.25 25.93 24.84
IEA .. 39.96 38.37 41.58 40.99 39.53 37.84 37.12 35.63

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.174 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Electricity generation from oil (% of total)


Production d'électricité à partir du pétrole (% du total)
Stromerzeugung auf Ölbasis (in %)
Produzione di energia termoelettrica da prodotti petroliferi (% del totale)
⍹ᴤ߆ࠄߩ⊒㔚㊂

Generación de electricidad a partir del petróleo (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÇÀÑ×ÅÒÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈßÍÅÔÒÈ ÂÊÎÁÙÅÌÓÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÓ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 5.52 3.37 2.61 5.43 2.30 0.85 0.84 1.07 1.12
Austria 4.28 12.30 14.06 13.96 3.82 2.85 2.06 1.93 1.70
Belgium 13.23 54.14 53.72 34.67 1.87 0.96 0.93 0.49 0.80
Canada 1.03 2.89 3.36 3.70 3.42 2.43 1.53 1.51 1.49
Czech Republic .. 10.83 11.30 9.55 0.87 0.51 0.13 0.16 0.19

Denmark 27.92 81.28 64.07 18.00 3.38 12.30 3.27 3.11 3.13
Finland 9.09 23.03 31.65 10.84 3.09 0.87 0.58 0.55 0.73
France 3.55 28.09 40.17 18.83 2.08 1.34 1.09 1.02 1.10
Germany 2.71 11.66 11.98 5.73 1.90 0.84 1.37 1.46 2.12
Greece 26.33 33.88 49.54 40.12 22.27 16.63 15.38 15.88 14.69

Hungary .. 22.24 17.19 13.89 4.75 12.51 1.34 0.89 1.64


Iceland 4.54 3.02 3.75 1.48 0.13 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.01
Ireland 5.48 62.86 66.32 60.43 10.04 19.59 7.11 5.90 3.37
Italy 6.67 55.40 62.36 57.00 48.19 31.81 11.49 10.03 9.85
Japan 17.06 62.63 73.24 46.23 29.67 13.07 13.88 12.95 8.68

Korea .. 80.61 82.29 78.67 17.90 11.99 5.91 3.46 3.21


Luxembourg 0.82 32.33 27.62 10.89 1.44 - - - -
Mexico .. 35.52 41.13 57.94 53.58 45.82 22.11 19.05 18.00
Netherlands 19.42 26.22 12.33 38.42 4.33 2.95 2.11 1.92 1.19
New Zealand - 2.02 6.11 0.17 0.02 - 0.00 0.30 0.02

Norway 0.70 0.42 0.19 0.15 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01
Poland 0.11 2.30 2.34 2.89 1.17 1.34 1.45 1.49 1.54
Portugal 2.44 16.49 19.21 42.89 33.15 19.42 10.38 9.12 4.97
Slovak Republic .. 15.09 17.71 17.94 6.41 0.66 2.55 2.37 2.43
Spain 3.16 22.24 33.19 35.19 5.69 10.16 6.13 5.79 5.99

Sweden 10.10 21.15 19.44 10.38 0.89 1.06 0.72 0.58 0.80
Switzerland 0.87 9.35 7.07 1.02 0.70 0.35 0.28 0.21 0.22
Turkey 8.28 41.18 51.36 25.05 6.85 7.45 3.41 3.79 3.40
United Kingdom 15.04 23.02 25.65 11.67 10.91 2.26 1.20 1.58 1.58
United States 6.42 13.82 17.09 10.84 4.08 2.94 1.81 1.33 1.21

OECD TOTAL .. 21.49 25.26 17.34 9.03 5.99 4.10 3.54 3.03
OECD N. AMERICA .. 12.93 15.85 11.01 5.50 4.62 2.80 2.23 2.09
OECD PACIFIC .. 54.20 63.19 41.12 23.98 10.93 9.94 8.65 6.05
OECD EUROPE .. 22.67 25.28 17.75 7.72 5.59 3.00 2.88 2.85
IEA .. 21.39 25.14 16.86 8.34 5.16 3.65 3.16 2.65

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.175

Electricity generation from gas (% of total)


Production d'électricité à partir du gaz (% du total)
Stromererzeugung auf Gasbasis (in %)
Produzione di energia termoelettrica da gas (% del totale)
ࠟࠬ߆ࠄߩ⊒㔚㊂

Generación de electricidad a partir del gas natural (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÇÀÑ×ÅÒÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈßÃÀÇÀ ÂÊÎÁÙÅÌÓÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÓ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 3.27 4.27 7.33 9.31 7.74 12.78 14.98 15.50


Austria 8.30 16.25 14.32 9.19 15.66 12.99 15.91 17.41 18.37
Belgium 0.28 18.58 23.70 11.24 7.69 19.30 29.00 29.49 32.37
Canada 3.50 3.14 6.00 2.46 2.00 5.53 6.34 6.24 6.16
Czech Republic .. 1.00 0.93 1.14 0.63 4.31 3.62 3.51 3.71

Denmark - - - - 2.67 24.34 17.65 19.03 19.14


Finland - - - 4.22 8.56 14.40 12.99 14.52 13.37
France 5.32 4.75 5.53 2.72 0.73 2.15 3.90 3.84 4.15
Germany 0.07 6.49 10.94 14.15 7.39 9.17 12.27 13.89 13.03
Greece - - - - 0.26 11.08 21.96 21.93 17.08

Hungary .. 11.77 16.22 35.21 15.73 18.76 38.12 37.92 29.15


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - 15.24 27.70 39.13 55.48 54.73 57.21
Italy 3.84 2.22 3.11 5.03 18.63 37.55 56.01 55.08 51.01
Japan 0.09 1.44 2.26 14.17 20.00 23.96 25.76 26.34 26.33

Korea .. - - - 9.11 10.21 19.34 18.32 15.43


Luxembourg - 0.38 10.19 23.53 5.45 53.12 90.72 88.18 90.55
Mexico .. 17.64 14.25 15.48 12.48 20.18 47.68 50.63 52.55
Netherlands 0.88 60.43 79.53 39.83 50.89 57.44 57.97 58.92 60.40
New Zealand - 0.32 1.41 7.54 17.70 24.39 27.07 24.33 20.68

Norway - - - - - 0.15 0.56 0.30 3.21


Poland 0.23 3.28 1.68 0.12 0.09 0.65 1.93 2.03 2.13
Portugal - - - - - 16.46 27.99 33.43 30.95
Slovak Republic .. 4.99 5.26 10.24 7.15 10.86 5.80 5.59 5.74
Spain - 0.18 1.01 2.67 1.00 9.08 31.42 39.07 37.87

Sweden - - - - 0.27 0.32 0.55 0.40 0.97


Switzerland - - - 0.61 0.60 1.30 1.13 1.12 1.15
Turkey - - - - 17.71 37.00 49.61 49.74 48.64
United Kingdom - 0.96 0.97 0.75 1.57 39.55 42.16 45.88 44.05
United States 21.14 23.49 18.56 15.26 11.92 15.76 21.17 20.96 22.80

OECD TOTAL .. 13.00 11.68 10.94 10.17 15.87 21.67 22.15 22.62
OECD N. AMERICA .. 21.09 17.00 13.60 10.68 14.65 20.68 20.60 22.23
OECD PACIFIC .. 1.58 2.40 12.34 17.45 19.32 22.54 22.73 21.96
OECD EUROPE .. 5.48 7.44 6.73 6.33 16.00 22.66 24.12 23.53
IEA .. 12.97 11.66 10.90 10.14 15.80 21.04 21.48 21.90

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.176 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Electricity generation from nuclear energy (% of total)


Production d'électricité à partir d'énergie nucléaire (% du total)
Stromerzeugung auf Kernkraftbasis (in %)
Produzione di energia nucleotermoelettrica (% del totale)
ේሶജ߆ࠄߩ⊒㔚㊂

Generación de electricidad a partir de energía nuclear (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÀÒÎÌÍÎÉÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ÂÊÎÁÙÅÌÓÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÓ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - - - - - - - - -
Austria - - - - - - - - -
Belgium - - 0.19 23.64 60.78 58.18 55.10 54.52 52.69
Canada - 1.92 5.65 10.19 15.14 12.02 14.56 14.43 14.53
Czech Republic .. - - - 20.21 18.64 29.82 31.93 33.30

Denmark - - - - - - - - -
Finland - - - 17.23 35.34 32.12 28.83 29.65 32.85
France 0.19 5.99 8.08 23.80 75.28 77.45 77.92 77.06 76.30
Germany - 1.90 3.23 11.92 27.84 29.64 22.32 23.53 22.84
Greece - - - - - - - - -

Hungary .. - - - 48.29 40.29 36.73 37.02 42.96


Iceland - - - - - - - - -
Ireland - - - - - - - - -
Italy - 2.72 2.18 1.20 - - - - -
Japan - 2.09 2.09 14.43 24.21 30.70 23.44 24.01 26.91

Korea .. - - 9.34 50.19 37.77 33.56 34.00 33.34


Luxembourg - - - - - - - - -
Mexico .. - - - 2.54 4.18 3.96 3.79 4.15
Netherlands - 0.90 2.11 6.48 4.87 4.38 3.99 3.87 3.77
New Zealand - - - - - - - - -

Norway - - - - - - - - -
Poland - - - - - - - - -
Portugal - - - - - - - - -
Slovak Republic .. - 1.89 22.65 47.21 53.56 54.98 58.08 54.20
Spain - 4.10 8.65 4.75 35.90 27.99 18.26 18.95 18.09

Sweden - 0.14 2.70 27.50 46.71 39.47 45.00 42.62 37.46


Switzerland - 4.46 17.14 29.78 42.98 39.99 42.02 41.29 41.44
Turkey - - - - - - - - -
United Kingdom 1.60 10.77 9.95 13.03 20.69 22.72 16.03 13.62 18.80
United States 0.07 2.38 4.54 10.97 19.10 19.81 19.35 19.29 19.95

OECD TOTAL .. 2.71 4.23 11.00 22.81 23.34 21.32 21.29 21.84
OECD N. AMERICA .. 2.29 4.59 10.61 18.09 18.20 17.99 17.92 18.49
OECD PACIFIC .. 1.73 1.72 11.83 22.63 27.17 22.04 22.48 24.12
OECD EUROPE .. 3.63 4.60 11.24 29.72 29.21 25.83 25.59 25.61
IEA .. 2.74 4.27 11.14 23.14 23.76 21.79 21.75 22.33

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.177

Electricity generation from hydro energy (% of total)


Production d'électricité à partir d'énergie hydraulique (% du total)
Stromerzeugung auf Wasserkraftbasis (in %)
Produzione di energia idroelettrica (% del totale)
᳓ജ߆ࠄߩ⊒㔚㊂

Generación de electricidad a partir de energía hidráulica (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÃÈÄÐÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ÂÊÎÁÙÅÌÓÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÓ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 18.64 21.83 17.72 13.59 9.17 7.80 5.69 4.63 4.69
Austria 73.56 57.50 60.65 69.05 63.92 69.90 58.88 58.95 59.56
Belgium 1.14 0.40 0.42 0.52 0.38 0.56 0.44 0.49 0.46
Canada 92.09 73.24 72.07 67.28 61.56 59.20 57.74 58.73 58.94
Czech Republic .. 3.32 2.63 4.56 1.86 2.41 2.38 2.43 2.98

Denmark 0.45 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.05
Finland 61.23 49.02 40.28 25.07 19.97 20.95 17.45 22.10 17.77
France 54.47 31.34 26.13 27.02 12.90 12.52 10.30 11.17 10.60
Germany 10.19 4.11 4.07 4.09 3.18 3.80 3.32 3.32 2.95
Greece 20.31 22.94 15.00 15.03 5.09 6.91 4.13 5.26 8.63

Hungary .. 0.64 0.57 0.47 0.63 0.51 0.53 0.53 0.63


Iceland 95.46 96.18 95.13 96.95 93.22 82.72 70.08 75.46 72.94
Ireland 41.20 7.39 8.76 7.93 4.90 3.57 2.39 3.30 3.30
Italy 81.90 31.54 26.07 24.66 14.84 16.38 10.65 13.28 16.64
Japan 50.65 21.99 14.35 15.42 10.69 8.32 6.58 7.09 7.30

Korea .. 12.52 8.66 5.33 6.04 1.39 0.85 0.69 0.63


Luxembourg 1.37 4.13 3.37 10.68 11.22 27.71 3.38 4.85 2.97
Mexico .. 46.33 43.64 25.22 20.27 16.86 10.35 15.13 10.55
Netherlands - - - - 0.12 0.16 0.10 0.09 0.09
New Zealand 79.75 84.75 77.25 83.77 71.86 62.26 54.04 50.97 55.79

Norway 99.30 99.55 99.78 99.84 99.62 99.50 98.20 98.48 95.66
Poland 2.16 2.26 1.74 1.94 1.05 1.47 1.48 1.38 1.60
Portugal 95.09 78.14 74.81 52.71 32.29 26.11 21.52 14.95 16.67
Slovak Republic .. 13.58 10.75 11.30 7.37 14.98 15.96 14.04 17.18
Spain 83.94 51.66 38.21 27.05 16.81 13.31 e 9.02 7.55 9.00

Sweden 88.82 78.17 76.70 61.12 49.67 54.11 44.45 46.08 48.77
Switzerland 99.13 86.19 75.79 68.10 54.18 55.70 53.04 53.72 53.47
Turkey 35.60 26.68 20.95 48.76 40.23 24.72 18.72 16.77 18.49
United Kingdom 2.27 1.31 1.37 1.37 1.64 1.36 1.29 1.34 1.43
United States 18.44 15.47 13.50 11.49 8.53 6.29 5.77 5.91 6.60

OECD TOTAL .. 22.88 20.48 19.22 15.47 13.71 11.83 12.29 12.58
OECD N. AMERICA .. 22.51 20.95 19.07 15.61 13.36 12.38 12.91 13.26
OECD PACIFIC .. 23.86 16.65 16.79 11.80 8.32 6.26 6.24 6.46
OECD EUROPE .. 23.07 21.15 20.29 16.84 16.91 13.88 14.45 14.74
IEA .. 22.65 20.25 19.10 15.35 13.59 11.80 12.12 12.53

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.178 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Other electricity generation (% of total)


Autre Production d'électricité (% du total)
Sonstige Stromerzeugung (in %)
Produzione di energia elettrica da altre fonti (% del totale)
ߘߩઁߩ㔚ജ⊒㔚㊂

Otra electricidad generada (% del total)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÈ×ÅÑÒÂÀÈÇÄÐÓÃÈÕÂÈÄÎÂÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ÂÎÒÎÁÙÅÃÎ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 1.41 0.50 0.52 0.40 0.49 0.59 1.89 2.45 2.45
Austria - 0.83 0.65 0.78 2.39 3.01 10.96 11.00 12.66
Belgium - - 0.29 0.57 1.04 1.63 5.01 6.36 6.83
Canada - - - 0.35 0.83 1.41 e 1.80 1.89 1.90
Czech Republic .. - - - - 0.99 1.52 2.07 2.66

Denmark - - - 0.04 3.16 17.02 28.19 29.82 29.48


Finland - - - - 9.48 12.80 13.14 14.70 13.47
France - 0.46 0.44 0.28 0.53 0.79 1.80 2.13 2.68
Germany - 0.85 0.78 1.17 0.96 3.41 11.41 11.76 14.28
Greece - - - - 0.01 1.15 3.23 3.91 3.99

Hungary .. - - - 0.12 0.34 4.55 5.64 7.73


Iceland - 0.80 1.12 1.57 6.65 17.22 29.90 24.53 27.05
Ireland - - - - - 1.43 7.50 8.76 11.49
Italy 3.77 3.40 2.67 2.16 1.56 2.96 e 5.72 6.11 7.34
Japan - - 0.06 0.16 1.47 1.81 e 2.73 e 2.79 e 2.39

Korea .. - - - 0.00 0.04 0.26 0.33 0.52


Luxembourg - - - 3.27 5.45 19.17 5.89 6.98 6.48
Mexico .. - 0.43 1.37 4.43 3.24 3.93 3.14 3.11
Netherlands - - - 1.58 1.54 4.83 8.76 10.30 11.09
New Zealand 5.83 8.11 6.71 6.63 8.36 9.42 11.66 13.39 15.91

Norway - - - - 0.31 0.29 1.12 1.09 1.02


Poland 0.04 0.24 0.35 0.34 0.19 0.39 2.15 2.94 4.19
Portugal 1.37 1.81 2.04 2.10 2.45 4.15 13.67 17.88 21.01
Slovak Republic .. - - - - 0.10 2.00 2.02 2.08
Spain - 0.08 0.07 0.33 0.46 3.08 10.62 12.57 16.22

Sweden - 0.24 0.51 0.81 1.38 3.31 8.12 8.82 10.79


Switzerland - - - 0.36 1.46 2.66 3.54 3.65 3.73
Turkey 1.46 1.66 1.59 0.58 0.14 0.26 0.38 0.62 1.13
United Kingdom - - - - 0.22 1.44 4.17 4.69 5.75
United States 0.02 0.05 0.14 0.24 3.31 2.30 e 2.91 e 3.41 e 3.81

OECD TOTAL .. 0.29 0.31 0.44 2.07 2.20 3.92 4.36 4.95
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.04 0.13 0.28 3.03 2.23 2.83 3.21 3.54
OECD PACIFIC .. 0.33 0.33 0.38 1.39 1.52 2.26 2.40 2.26
OECD EUROPE .. 0.61 0.56 0.68 0.98 2.48 6.37 7.03 8.42
IEA .. 0.29 0.31 0.43 2.03 2.16 3.89 4.36 4.96

Includes geothermal, solar, biomass, waste, tide, wave, ocean, wind and other fuel sources.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.179

Total electricity generation (GWh)


Production totale d'électricité (GWh)
Gesamte Stromerzeugung (GWh)
Produzione totale di energia elettrica (GWh)
✚⊒㔚㊂
)9J
Generación total de electricidad (GWh)
®ÁÙÅÅÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ £¢Ò×

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 21 449 53 045 64 411 95 234 154 287 209 870 250 816 257 099 246 195
Austria 15 442 28 202 30 916 41 600 49 296 59 859 62 277 64 369 65 542
Belgium 15 152 33 237 40 615 53 091 70 292 82 773 87 526 83 583 89 681
Canada 115 966 221 833 270 081 373 278 482 041 605 596 641 991 651 213 622 519
Czech Republic .. 36 372 41 174 52 656 62 271 72 911 87 764 83 166 81 700

Denmark 5 540 18 624 19 120 26 765 25 977 36 050 39 157 36 391 36 208
Finland 8 605 21 681 26 102 40 747 54 377 69 991 81 246 77 436 71 567
France 75 059 155 849 182 508 257 308 417 206 536 054 564 352 570 269 537 027
Germany 118 069 327 249 374 352 466 340 547 650 572 313 629 546 631 211 590 743
Greece 2 290 11 562 14 817 22 653 34 775 53 425 62 711 62 912 54 916

Hungary .. 14 994 17 643 23 876 28 436 35 191 39 960 40 025 35 908


Iceland 551 1 621 2 320 3 184 4 510 7 684 11 977 16 468 16 835
Ireland 2 262 6 304 7 348 10 566 14 229 23 673 27 877 29 354 27 305
Italy 55 990 123 920 143 916 183 474 213 147 269 947 308 222 313 526 285 705
Japan 115 500 382 900 465 387 572 531 835 514 1 048 984 1 125 493 1 074 958 1 039 721

Korea .. 10 540 14 825 37 239 105 371 288 526 425 905 443 935 443 174
Luxembourg 1 464 1 333 1 394 918 624 433 3 191 2 724 3 132
Mexico .. 31 039 37 100 66 962 115 837 196 518 263 465 258 913 252 773
Netherlands 16 516 44 904 52 627 64 806 71 938 89 631 105 162 107 645 112 231
New Zealand 6 978 15 478 18 531 22 596 32 262 39 246 43 745 43 775 43 380

Norway 31 444 63 528 73 029 83 750 121 611 139 608 136 112 141 701 131 963
Poland 29 282 69 537 83 908 120 941 134 415 143 174 158 761 155 582 151 023
Portugal 3 279 7 896 9 792 15 206 28 355 43 372 46 896 45 471 49 167
Slovak Republic .. 10 865 12 299 19 967 25 497 30 798 27 892 28 760 25 979
Spain 18 614 61 585 75 660 109 226 151 150 222 235 301 763 311 134 291 492

Sweden 34 936 66 534 78 060 96 316 145 984 145 231 148 823 149 894 133 539
Switzerland 20 700 31 181 36 817 48 175 54 988 66 126 66 463 67 085 66 810
Turkey 2 815 9 781 12 425 23 275 57 543 124 922 191 558 198 418 194 060
United Kingdom 138 748 255 756 281 352 284 071 317 755 374 375 393 185 385 277 368 091
United States 799 679 1 703 380 1 965 509 2 427 320 3 202 813 4 025 885 4 323 914 4 343 818 4 161 218

OECD TOTAL .. 3 820 730 4 454 038 5 644 071 7 560 151 9 614 401 10 657 750 10 676 112 10 229 604
OECD N. AMERICA .. 1 956 252 2 272 690 2 867 560 3 800 691 4 827 999 5 229 370 5 253 944 5 036 510
OECD PACIFIC .. 461 963 563 154 727 600 1 127 434 1 586 626 1 845 959 1 819 767 1 772 470
OECD EUROPE .. 1 402 515 1 618 194 2 048 911 2 632 026 3 199 776 3 582 421 3 602 401 3 420 624
IEA .. 3 788 070 4 414 618 5 573 925 7 439 804 9 410 199 10 382 308 10 400 731 9 959 996

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.180 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Final consumption of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Consommation finale de charbon et de tourbe (Mtep)
Endverbrauch von Kohle und Torf (Mtoe)
Consumo finale di carbone e torba (Mtep)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ߩᦨ⚳ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo final de carbón y turba (Mtep)
ªÎÍÅ×ÍÎÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 5.55 4.98 4.94 4.20 4.30 4.12 3.68 4.04 ..


Austria 3.38 2.10 1.99 1.94 1.33 0.88 0.60 0.59 ..
Belgium 8.65 5.49 5.71 4.23 3.54 2.58 1.01 1.21 ..
Canada 10.32 5.06 5.22 4.33 3.09 3.51 4.42 4.24 ..
Czech Republic .. 22.54 19.25 18.43 13.39 4.66 3.03 2.98 ..

Denmark 2.00 0.30 0.34 0.46 0.40 0.29 0.26 0.22 ..


Finland 1.60 0.83 1.06 1.11 1.56 1.15 0.97 0.95 ..
France 27.26 14.81 13.07 8.56 7.78 4.43 4.24 4.11 ..
Germany 60.22 57.74 53.14 46.87 37.26 8.94 8.28 8.52 ..
Greece 0.16 0.38 0.52 0.47 1.20 0.88 0.53 0.40 ..

Hungary .. 4.35 3.81 3.35 2.40 0.54 0.50 0.51 ..


Iceland 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.11 0.09 ..
Ireland 1.45 1.22 0.93 1.27 1.53 0.63 0.57 0.59 ..
Italy 5.34 3.55 3.26 3.34 3.38 2.68 2.44 2.12 ..
Japan 25.95 19.26 20.17 21.37 32.31 27.07 31.80 28.39 ..

Korea .. 5.17 6.49 9.74 11.72 8.35 8.95 9.98 ..


Luxembourg 1.30 0.97 0.98 1.04 0.55 0.13 0.08 0.07 ..
Mexico .. 1.10 1.37 1.61 1.56 1.38 1.98 2.10 ..
Netherlands 5.13 1.25 1.08 0.78 1.38 0.91 0.98 0.95 ..
New Zealand 1.16 0.82 0.87 0.80 0.95 0.60 0.58 0.62 ..

Norway 0.76 0.81 0.81 0.87 0.78 0.95 0.64 0.66 ..


Poland 25.69 27.86 27.99 31.26 17.39 13.30 11.76 12.00 ..
Portugal 0.49 0.34 0.19 0.20 0.59 0.43 0.17 0.07 ..
Slovak Republic .. 3.60 3.84 4.09 4.11 1.41 1.23 1.31 ..
Spain 6.70 4.51 3.96 2.48 3.25 1.26 1.59 1.43 ..

Sweden 1.90 0.86 0.93 0.84 1.04 0.74 0.90 0.82 ..


Switzerland 1.54 0.32 0.29 0.31 0.35 0.14 0.18 0.16 ..
Turkey 2.25 2.36 2.93 4.16 7.52 10.84 13.98 12.78 ..
United Kingdom 64.45 32.43 26.46 14.07 10.77 3.90 2.95 3.10 ..
United States 89.76 78.21 73.75 56.16 55.66 32.58 31.02 30.08 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 303.21 285.32 248.36 231.12 139.37 139.45 135.08 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 84.36 80.34 62.10 60.30 37.47 37.43 36.41 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 30.23 32.46 36.11 49.27 40.15 45.02 43.02 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 188.62 172.52 150.15 121.55 61.75 57.00 55.65 ..
IEA .. 302.12 283.95 246.74 229.50 137.89 137.35 132.90 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.


For the United States, coal used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1992.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.181

Final consumption of oil (Mtoe)


Consommation finale de pétrole (Mtep)
Endverbrauch von Öl (Mtoe)
Consumo finale di petrolio (Mtep)
⍹ᴤߩᦨ⚳ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo final de petróleo (Mtep)
ªÎÍÅ×ÍÎÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒΠ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 11.70 22.39 24.26 26.92 29.00 34.72 36.62 37.39 ..


Austria 2.82 8.48 9.95 9.76 8.85 10.32 11.81 11.39 ..
Belgium 6.10 18.16 20.16 16.85 16.13 20.95 19.68 21.92 ..
Canada 37.17 66.74 75.65 79.99 68.79 80.78 91.14 89.60 ..
Czech Republic .. 6.20 7.75 9.23 8.20 7.29 9.26 9.14 ..

Denmark 4.28 12.99 13.31 11.32 6.86 6.52 6.77 6.58 ..


Finland 2.21 9.06 11.26 10.01 9.19 7.61 8.48 8.10 ..
France 23.42 82.97 96.03 87.36 75.04 80.94 78.02 75.62 ..
Germany 27.28 116.94 133.30 122.68 111.42 114.67 93.19 100.19 ..
Greece 1.59 5.08 6.46 8.07 9.78 12.41 14.32 13.67 ..

Hungary .. 5.10 6.46 9.00 7.12 5.20 6.79 6.56 ..


Iceland 0.35 0.45 0.54 0.55 0.59 0.70 0.82 0.80 ..
Ireland 0.98 3.27 3.55 3.90 3.73 6.51 7.72 7.75 ..
Italy 17.13 63.42 69.94 64.20 61.45 62.30 64.06 61.36 ..
Japan 21.01 144.54 171.06 156.56 183.99 209.55 186.10 171.04 ..

Korea .. 7.64 9.90 18.73 43.66 79.88 80.81 77.77 ..


Luxembourg 0.22 1.23 1.46 1.01 1.48 1.97 2.48 2.47 ..
Mexico .. 18.92 22.18 39.69 51.21 62.56 75.15 76.25 ..
Netherlands 7.41 19.57 23.47 24.35 18.07 20.79 27.47 26.11 ..
New Zealand 1.65 3.09 3.49 3.62 3.94 5.21 6.03 5.94 ..

Norway 3.29 6.95 7.31 8.09 7.36 7.51 8.74 8.48 ..


Poland 1.93 6.95 8.96 13.00 11.07 17.51 21.85 22.00 ..
Portugal 1.21 3.45 4.21 5.77 8.31 12.30 11.21 10.55 ..
Slovak Republic .. 3.38 3.83 5.04 4.89 3.01 3.15 3.25 ..
Spain 4.85 23.82 28.86 36.73 38.15 52.16 58.16 55.17 ..

Sweden 11.55 23.55 24.38 20.16 14.02 14.17 12.24 11.96 ..


Switzerland 3.72 12.12 13.41 12.04 11.60 11.33 10.75 11.10 ..
Turkey 1.38 7.26 9.54 12.69 20.37 26.13 27.95 27.45 ..
United Kingdom 29.40 67.55 73.09 59.62 61.22 62.57 61.44 60.35 ..
United States 431.42 633.28 693.49 689.14 683.29 793.42 828.80 781.70 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 1 404.55 1 577.27 1 566.07 1 578.79 1 830.98 1 871.04 1 801.66 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 718.94 791.33 808.82 803.29 936.77 995.09 947.56 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 177.65 208.71 205.82 260.60 329.35 309.57 292.14 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 507.96 577.22 551.43 514.90 564.86 566.37 561.95 ..
IEA .. 1 385.18 1 554.54 1 525.84 1 526.98 1 767.72 1 795.06 1 724.60 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.182 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Final consumption of gas (Mtoe)


Consommation finale de gaz (Mtep)
Endverbrauch von Gas (Mtoe)
Consumo finale di gas (Mtep)
ࠟࠬߩᦨ⚳ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo final de gas natural (Mtep)
ªÎÍÅ×ÍÎÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÃÀÇÀ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.49 1.29 2.37 5.34 8.82 11.46 12.64 12.65 ..


Austria 0.74 1.45 1.81 2.86 3.05 4.28 4.47 4.73 ..
Belgium 0.36 3.19 4.60 7.08 6.82 10.16 10.58 10.66 ..
Canada 6.32 20.79 23.72 36.22 43.30 53.41 55.63 52.93 ..
Czech Republic .. 1.56 1.81 2.38 4.80 5.91 5.92 6.08 ..

Denmark 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.12 1.16 1.67 1.68 1.68 ..


Finland 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.44 0.98 1.00 1.13 1.10 ..
France 2.48 8.11 11.17 19.32 23.92 32.14 31.99 33.05 ..
Germany 2.66 13.96 21.13 35.81 41.04 55.12 58.40 58.79 ..
Greece 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.38 0.84 1.00 ..

Hungary .. 2.56 3.07 4.80 6.20 6.69 6.47 6.47 ..


Iceland - - - - - - - - ..
Ireland 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.43 1.00 1.58 1.57 1.66 ..
Italy 5.05 10.10 12.78 20.21 30.58 38.58 40.17 37.31 ..
Japan 1.84 6.21 7.02 9.71 15.24 23.10 33.33 32.61 ..

Korea .. - - - 0.67 10.92 16.81 17.58 ..


Luxembourg 0.01 0.03 0.18 0.36 0.42 0.62 0.71 0.68 ..
Mexico .. 6.12 7.26 12.84 14.16 12.82 12.53 12.50 ..
Netherlands 0.63 13.51 19.29 24.25 22.68 23.34 20.60 21.57 ..
New Zealand 0.09 0.08 0.14 0.37 1.29 3.05 1.44 1.45 ..

Norway 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 0.59 0.69 0.85 ..


Poland 1.79 4.61 5.45 7.66 7.90 8.15 10.05 10.21 ..
Portugal 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.83 1.44 1.44 ..
Slovak Republic .. 1.18 1.40 1.63 3.91 4.17 3.82 3.90 ..
Spain 0.09 0.41 0.70 1.05 4.60 12.38 16.22 15.23 ..

Sweden 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.08 0.36 0.48 0.56 0.58 ..


Switzerland 0.13 0.20 0.24 0.72 1.54 2.19 2.41 2.57 ..
Turkey 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.72 4.91 14.05 13.23 ..
United Kingdom 6.01 16.45 23.64 37.31 41.77 52.42 46.28 47.24 ..
United States 194.20 358.23 367.31 337.41 302.99 359.89 321.70 327.65 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 470.42 515.53 568.48 590.11 742.22 734.14 737.38 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 385.14 398.30 386.47 360.45 426.12 389.86 393.08 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 7.58 9.54 15.42 26.03 48.52 64.22 64.28 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 77.70 107.70 166.59 203.63 267.58 280.07 280.02 ..
IEA .. 464.30 508.27 555.65 575.95 729.40 721.61 724.88 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.


For the United States, gas used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1989.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.183

Final consumption of electricity (Mtoe)


Consommation finale d'électricité (Mtep)
Stromendverbrauch (Mtoe)
Consumo finale di energia elettrica (Mtep)
㔚ജߩᦨ⚳ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo final de electricidad (Mtep)
ªÎÍÅ×ÍÎÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 1.51 3.89 4.51 6.81 11.11 14.86 17.77 18.24 ..


Austria 0.98 1.88 2.18 2.84 3.68 4.49 5.12 5.12 ..
Belgium 0.98 2.40 2.94 3.73 4.99 6.67 7.13 7.11 ..
Canada 8.38 16.58 18.93 26.08 35.96 41.42 43.26 44.62 ..
Czech Republic .. 2.30 2.54 3.26 4.14 4.25 4.92 4.99 ..

Denmark 0.40 1.20 1.38 1.86 2.44 2.79 2.89 2.87 ..


Finland 0.69 1.86 2.32 3.20 5.07 6.50 7.42 7.10 ..
France 5.19 10.86 12.78 17.98 25.99 33.10 36.64 37.28 ..
Germany 8.30 23.29 26.91 33.70 39.14 41.58 45.35 45.20 ..
Greece 0.16 0.85 1.09 1.71 2.45 3.71 4.75 4.87 ..

Hungary .. 1.31 1.51 2.20 2.72 2.53 2.90 2.95 ..


Iceland 0.04 0.12 0.18 0.25 0.34 0.59 0.94 1.31 ..
Ireland 0.16 0.45 0.53 0.74 1.02 1.74 2.22 2.29 ..
Italy 4.03 9.23 10.58 13.74 18.46 23.48 26.60 26.60 ..
Japan 8.18 29.26 35.70 44.14 64.46 81.16 86.97 82.94 ..

Korea .. 0.79 1.10 2.82 8.12 22.63 33.64 35.02 ..


Luxembourg 0.12 0.22 0.26 0.31 0.36 0.49 0.58 0.56 ..
Mexico .. 2.23 2.71 4.92 8.62 13.94 16.89 17.21 ..
Netherlands 1.17 3.24 3.81 4.94 6.32 8.41 9.33 9.39 ..
New Zealand 0.49 1.13 1.37 1.68 2.39 3.01 3.32 3.30 ..

Norway 2.34 4.65 5.23 6.43 8.33 9.42 9.52 9.59 ..


Poland 1.72 4.22 5.01 7.31 8.28 8.48 9.85 10.13 ..
Portugal 0.24 0.59 0.70 1.23 2.02 3.30 4.22 4.16 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.93 1.06 1.64 2.01 1.89 2.11 2.13 ..
Spain 1.18 4.06 5.08 7.72 10.82 16.21 22.55 22.82 ..

Sweden 2.52 5.20 5.95 7.30 10.35 11.07 11.27 11.06 ..


Switzerland 1.37 2.30 2.49 3.03 4.04 4.50 4.94 5.05 ..
Turkey 0.18 0.67 0.85 1.68 3.87 8.25 13.14 13.71 ..
United Kingdom 9.44 18.01 20.04 20.15 23.60 28.33 29.36 29.37 ..
United States 59.17 123.83 143.39 174.19 226.49 300.95 329.02 327.96 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 277.53 323.15 407.59 547.57 709.76 794.61 794.97 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 142.64 165.03 205.19 271.06 356.32 389.16 389.79 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 35.07 42.69 55.45 86.08 121.65 141.70 139.50 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 99.82 115.43 146.95 190.42 231.79 263.74 265.69 ..
IEA .. 275.18 320.25 402.42 538.61 695.22 776.78 776.45 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.184 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Total final consumption of energy (Mtoe)


Consommation finale totale d'énergie (Mtep)
Gesamter Energieendverbrauch (Mtoe)
Consumo finale totale di energia (Mtep)
ᦨ⚳ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo final total de energía (Mtep)
®ÁÙÅÅÊÎÍÅ×ÍÎÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 23.31 36.08 39.58 46.79 56.56 69.57 75.07 76.71 ..


Austria 8.69 14.57 16.61 18.64 19.72 23.55 26.83 26.88 ..
Belgium 16.09 29.24 33.73 32.29 32.07 41.38 39.65 42.36 ..
Canada 66.18 116.60 131.24 155.06 159.07 189.62 205.33 202.26 ..
Czech Republic .. 32.61 31.35 34.66 33.49 24.96 26.98 27.00 ..

Denmark 6.81 14.67 15.31 14.74 13.18 14.18 15.09 14.92 ..


Finland 9.32 16.25 19.19 19.34 22.24 23.99 26.98 26.16 ..
France 58.35 125.61 142.22 141.29 143.00 162.97 165.18 165.55 ..
Germany 98.46 218.23 241.71 248.66 240.99 232.07 228.32 235.67 ..
Greece 1.91 6.76 8.53 10.70 14.49 18.45 21.80 21.19 ..

Hungary .. 14.80 16.53 21.57 20.73 17.18 18.71 18.58 ..


Iceland 0.51 0.84 1.02 1.28 1.64 2.11 2.50 2.81 ..
Ireland 2.64 5.02 5.11 6.34 7.39 10.58 12.30 12.53 ..
Italy 31.55 86.29 96.56 102.23 114.94 128.83 138.52 133.40 ..
Japan 56.98 199.26 233.98 231.89 300.08 345.12 342.27 318.81 ..

Korea .. 13.60 17.49 31.29 64.91 126.39 147.10 147.54 ..


Luxembourg 1.64 2.45 2.87 2.71 2.80 3.25 3.96 3.90 ..
Mexico .. 34.33 39.74 65.92 82.89 97.88 113.79 115.40 ..
Netherlands 14.34 37.57 47.65 54.31 49.13 56.70 61.63 61.04 ..
New Zealand 3.39 5.11 5.87 6.91 9.29 12.79 12.47 12.42 ..

Norway 6.40 12.42 13.36 15.98 17.44 19.80 20.87 20.90 ..


Poland 36.59 55.91 60.55 78.01 61.83 58.21 65.09 65.52 ..
Portugal 2.65 5.04 5.74 7.91 13.35 19.44 20.10 19.27 ..
Slovak Republic .. 9.79 10.86 13.03 15.75 11.42 11.53 11.81 ..
Spain 12.82 32.81 38.59 48.16 60.74 85.48 102.79 99.07 ..

Sweden 18.63 32.54 34.82 34.60 32.12 35.30 34.40 33.77 ..


Switzerland 7.10 15.18 16.67 16.62 18.70 19.52 20.30 20.97 ..
Turkey 9.73 16.17 19.86 26.32 40.07 57.85 76.48 74.38 ..
United Kingdom 109.29 134.43 143.23 131.28 137.79 150.29 142.21 142.85 ..
United States 806.89 1 228.61 1 315.37 1 311.29 1 293.50 1 546.23 1 581.62 1 542.25 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 2 552.76 2 805.33 2 929.80 3 079.90 3 605.12 3 759.89 3 695.88 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 1 379.54 1 486.35 1 532.27 1 535.46 1 833.73 1 900.74 1 859.91 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 254.05 296.92 316.87 430.84 553.86 576.90 555.48 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 919.17 1 022.06 1 080.65 1 113.60 1 217.53 1 282.25 1 280.49 ..
IEA .. 2 517.58 2 764.56 2 862.60 2 995.37 3 505.14 3 643.60 3 577.66 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.


For the United States, fuels used by autoproducers of electricity and heat have been included in final consumption for some years.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.185

Industry consumption of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Consommation industrielle de charbon et de tourbe (Mtep)
Industrieverbrauch von Kohle und Torf (Mtoe)
Consumo di carbone e torba nell'industria (Mtep)
⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ߩ↥ᬺ↪ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo industrial de carbón y turba (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 4.06 4.60 4.63 3.98 4.09 3.99 3.54 3.89 ..


Austria 1.59 0.82 0.74 0.91 0.65 0.63 0.50 0.49 ..
Belgium 3.98 3.00 3.54 3.20 3.01 2.38 0.90 1.05 ..
Canada 5.95 4.26 4.70 4.22 3.04 3.48 4.39 4.18 ..
Czech Republic .. 13.30 11.43 11.69 6.97 3.32 2.48 2.43 ..

Denmark 0.21 0.11 0.21 0.38 0.32 0.27 0.22 0.18 ..


Finland 1.19 0.65 0.94 1.01 1.54 1.12 0.94 0.91 ..
France 12.82 7.90 7.17 5.36 5.86 3.64 3.73 3.62 ..
Germany 31.22 29.86 28.71 26.10 20.68 7.65 7.06 7.28 ..
Greece 0.07 0.32 0.46 0.42 1.18 0.85 0.53 0.39 ..

Hungary .. 1.57 1.50 1.24 0.52 0.29 0.36 0.35 ..


Iceland 0.01 - - 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.11 0.09 ..
Ireland 0.32 0.09 0.04 0.10 0.25 0.11 0.14 0.13 ..
Italy 2.76 2.48 2.65 2.97 3.28 2.45 2.26 1.95 ..
Japan 17.67 16.32 18.22 20.82 31.35 26.47 31.26 27.86 ..

Korea .. 0.37 0.39 1.35 3.05 7.78 7.95 e 8.93 ..


Luxembourg 1.10 0.93 0.94 1.02 0.54 0.12 0.08 0.07 ..
Mexico .. 1.10 1.37 1.61 1.56 1.38 1.98 2.10 ..
Netherlands 1.62 0.69 0.76 0.69 1.33 e 0.88 0.95 0.94 ..
New Zealand 0.74 0.62 0.69 0.55 0.82 0.49 0.45 0.47 ..

Norway 0.46 0.56 0.76 0.84 0.77 0.95 0.64 0.66 ..


Poland 7.80 9.82 10.15 10.39 6.87 7.60 4.87 4.62 ..
Portugal 0.20 0.23 0.14 0.19 0.59 0.43 0.17 0.07 ..
Slovak Republic .. 2.43 2.66 1.79 1.93 1.16 1.03 1.02 ..
Spain 3.33 3.34 3.63 2.21 2.94 1.20 1.37 1.20 ..

Sweden 1.11 0.69 0.88 0.82 1.00 0.74 0.90 0.82 ..


Switzerland 0.62 0.10 0.08 0.22 0.31 0.11 0.17 0.15 ..
Turkey 0.72 0.71 1.14 2.17 4.50 8.83 11.23 6.12 ..
United Kingdom 24.34 16.02 13.33 5.95 6.38 2.30 2.37 2.46 ..
United States 64.45 61.29 60.15 48.25 46.02 30.36 29.27 28.35 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 184.18 182.01 160.46 161.39 121.07 121.85 112.77 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 66.65 66.22 54.08 50.61 35.21 35.64 34.63 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 21.92 23.93 26.70 39.30 38.73 43.20 41.15 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 95.62 91.87 79.69 71.48 47.13 43.01 36.99 ..
IEA .. 183.09 180.64 158.84 159.77 119.59 119.76 110.58 ..

Includes non-energy use for industry/transformation/energy.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.
For the United States, coal used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1992.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.186 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Industry consumption of oil (Mtoe)


Consommation industrielle de pétrole (Mtep)
Ölverbrauch der Industrie (Mtoe)
Consumo di petrolio nell'industria (Mtep)
⍹ᴤߩ↥ᬺ↪ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo industrial de petróleo (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ ¬ÒÍÝ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 4.54 8.27 7.94 7.93 6.38 7.63 7.24 7.80 ..


Austria 1.21 2.72 3.06 1.89 1.79 1.84 2.21 2.16 ..
Belgium 2.46 7.42 7.79 4.45 4.18 7.57 7.21 7.88 ..
Canada 8.10 15.09 20.85 20.28 17.13 20.48 22.60 21.25 ..
Czech Republic .. 3.85 5.04 5.93 4.42 2.59 2.65 2.78 ..

Denmark 1.69 3.42 3.38 2.52 1.18 1.00 1.02 0.90 ..


Finland 0.81 3.48 5.00 3.73 2.57 1.89 2.45 2.43 ..
France 9.47 36.00 34.42 29.97 17.22 18.73 19.75 17.97 ..
Germany 8.68 39.92 46.05 36.06 26.40 27.39 25.61 25.07 ..
Greece 0.48 1.83 2.37 3.04 2.05 2.50 2.70 2.45 ..

Hungary .. 1.83 2.22 3.24 2.08 1.53 2.07 1.86 ..


Iceland 0.04 0.09 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.23 0.32 0.31 ..
Ireland 0.37 1.73 1.61 1.59 0.83 1.29 1.00 1.21 ..
Italy 7.87 27.40 29.40 22.25 16.50 13.48 15.30 15.14 ..
Japan 11.13 81.54 95.20 67.00 69.56 74.84 66.75 58.46 ..

Korea .. 5.06 6.40 10.07 17.62 35.52 40.97 40.14 ..


Luxembourg 0.05 0.70 0.80 0.20 0.29 0.08 0.09 0.09 ..
Mexico .. 4.69 5.34 9.10 13.97 14.98 14.63 13.59 ..
Netherlands 3.13 7.09 10.08 13.74 7.90 8.94 14.62 13.02 ..
New Zealand 0.26 0.83 0.99 0.83 0.59 0.62 0.71 0.81 ..

Norway 1.16 2.78 2.99 3.55 2.77 2.43 2.99 2.89 ..


Poland 0.50 2.21 2.92 4.61 2.98 3.86 4.16 3.86 ..
Portugal 0.36 1.39 1.74 2.54 3.80 4.55 3.50 3.11 ..
Slovak Republic .. 1.53 1.73 2.90 2.89 1.48 1.15 1.18 ..
Spain 0.80 11.36 13.32 15.83 10.93 14.30 12.59 12.24 ..

Sweden 4.38 7.92 8.13 6.08 3.97 4.61 3.71 3.39 ..


Switzerland 1.33 3.33 3.61 2.71 1.26 1.40 1.31 1.28 ..
Turkey 0.13 1.94 2.59 4.17 6.04 7.95 6.39 5.86 ..
United Kingdom 11.36 31.12 32.75 18.86 15.20 15.88 14.07 14.22 ..
United States 111.96 137.21 157.11 187.39 144.53 156.44 174.41 163.53 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 453.76 514.93 492.61 407.22 456.02 474.18 446.87 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 157.00 183.30 216.77 175.63 191.90 211.64 198.36 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 95.71 110.52 85.83 94.16 118.61 115.68 107.22 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 201.06 221.12 190.01 137.42 145.51 146.86 141.29 ..
IEA .. 448.97 509.46 483.36 393.10 440.81 459.23 432.98 ..

Includes non-energy use for industry/transformation/energy.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.187

Industry consumption of gas (Mtoe)


Consommation industrielle de gaz (Mtep)
Gasverbrauch der Industrie (Mtoe)
Consumo di gas nell'industria (Mtep)
ࠟࠬߩ↥ᬺ↪ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo industrial de gas natural (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÃÀÇÀÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.49 0.95 1.75 3.85 6.12 7.50 8.43 8.37 ..


Austria 0.48 1.03 1.31 2.11 1.98 2.35 2.62 2.72 ..
Belgium 0.13 2.24 3.15 3.63 3.30 5.33 5.77 5.50 ..
Canada 2.73 10.18 11.87 18.53 20.23 23.40 26.03 23.89 ..
Czech Republic .. 0.39 0.46 0.28 2.65 2.60 2.52 2.48 ..

Denmark 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.54 0.78 0.75 0.76 ..


Finland 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.40 0.94 0.92 1.04 1.01 ..
France 1.23 4.33 5.77 9.47 11.09 14.67 10.76 10.97 ..
Germany 1.07 9.38 13.31 19.89 19.69 21.41 e 19.89 19.20 ..
Greece 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.36 0.55 0.64 ..

Hungary .. 1.93 2.29 3.55 3.76 1.70 1.61 1.56 ..


Iceland - - - - - - - - ..
Ireland 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.36 0.79 0.85 0.62 0.59 ..
Italy 3.99 7.22 8.65 11.11 14.65 17.60 16.46 11.99 ..
Japan 0.73 2.17 2.07 2.73 4.00 5.30 8.12 7.82 ..

Korea .. - - - 0.07 2.88 4.71 5.47 ..


Luxembourg - 0.01 0.14 0.25 0.28 0.41 0.48 0.41 ..
Mexico .. 5.82 6.87 12.37 13.35 12.12 11.57 11.54 ..
Netherlands 0.10 6.06 8.14 8.41 8.79 9.00 7.57 7.27 ..
New Zealand 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.27 1.06 2.62 1.18 1.25 ..

Norway 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.59 0.62 0.77 ..


Poland 1.39 3.79 4.65 5.86 4.56 4.10 5.00 5.00 ..
Portugal 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.66 1.03 1.02 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.69 0.82 0.60 1.33 1.12 1.30 1.24 ..
Spain 0.01 0.16 0.41 0.61 3.77 9.62 10.56 9.76 ..

Sweden 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.31 0.36 0.37 ..


Switzerland 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.36 0.59 0.76 0.89 0.92 ..
Turkey 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.67 1.76 3.92 3.46 ..
United Kingdom 1.99 5.57 10.13 13.51 11.96 15.26 11.26 10.97 ..
United States 95.56 165.96 177.30 151.53 123.77 155.30 126.77 126.20 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 228.00 259.25 269.69 260.32 321.26 292.37 283.15 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 181.97 196.04 182.43 157.35 190.83 164.37 161.63 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 3.14 3.87 6.85 11.25 18.30 22.44 22.91 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 42.89 59.34 80.42 91.71 112.14 105.57 98.61 ..
IEA .. 222.18 252.38 257.32 246.96 309.14 280.81 271.61 ..

Includes non-energy use for industry/transformation/energy.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.
For the United States, gas used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1989.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.188 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Industry consumption of electricity (Mtoe)


Consommation industrielle d'électricité (Mtep)
Stromerbrauch der Industrie (Mtoe)
Consumo di energia elettrica nell'industria (Mtep)
㔚ജߩ↥ᬺ↪ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo industrial de electricidad (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.86 1.68 1.99 2.80 5.09 6.62 7.98 8.16 ..


Austria 0.59 0.93 1.04 1.22 1.55 1.78 2.40 2.36 ..
Belgium 0.69 1.58 1.93 2.06 2.62 3.43 3.45 3.36 ..
Canada 5.49 8.30 9.10 11.67 14.44 17.48 16.60 16.20 ..
Czech Republic .. 1.51 1.61 1.91 2.32 1.63 2.08 2.05 ..

Denmark 0.12 0.37 0.40 0.50 0.73 0.86 0.87 0.83 ..


Finland 0.53 1.27 1.55 1.96 2.80 3.68 4.04 3.72 ..
France 3.56 6.42 7.22 8.20 9.86 11.58 11.40 12.14 ..
Germany 5.59 13.03 15.34 17.16 18.62 18.20 20.88 20.82 ..
Greece 0.08 0.51 0.63 0.90 1.04 1.17 1.32 1.33 ..

Hungary .. 0.83 0.92 1.19 1.18 0.76 0.81 0.85 ..


Iceland 0.02 0.08 0.13 0.17 0.22 0.45 0.76 1.12 ..
Ireland 0.05 0.15 0.19 0.28 0.39 0.66 0.73 0.69 ..
Italy 2.79 5.76 6.63 8.09 9.54 12.20 12.57 12.18 ..
Japan 6.32 20.91 25.06 28.19 29.01 31.10 30.21 26.13 ..

Korea .. 0.54 0.76 1.95 4.97 12.93 17.25 17.88 ..


Luxembourg 0.10 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.33 0.38 0.37 ..
Mexico .. 1.29 1.56 2.60 4.59 8.55 9.88 10.56 ..
Netherlands 0.61 1.67 1.95 2.41 2.86 3.51 3.64 3.62 ..
New Zealand 0.20 0.32 0.48 0.66 0.96 1.21 1.26 1.22 ..

Norway 1.53 2.82 3.20 3.43 3.94 4.43 4.27 4.34 ..


Poland 1.15 2.81 3.28 4.48 3.68 3.48 3.94 3.81 ..
Portugal 0.16 0.37 0.44 0.71 1.05 1.37 1.55 1.52 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.63 0.72 1.11 1.29 0.84 1.05 1.08 ..
Spain 0.83 2.65 3.26 4.64 5.44 7.37 8.75 8.88 ..

Sweden 1.62 2.95 3.40 3.49 4.64 4.90 4.99 4.96 ..


Switzerland 0.61 0.92 0.95 1.02 1.48 1.55 1.63 1.66 ..
Turkey 0.12 0.44 0.55 1.05 2.35 3.96 6.14 6.22 ..
United Kingdom 4.67 7.15 7.85 7.51 8.66 9.81 10.06 9.77 ..
United States 27.86 49.24 55.54 64.17 74.52 98.22 79.88 78.68 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 137.30 157.91 185.73 220.07 274.08 270.76 266.51 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 58.83 66.20 78.43 93.56 124.26 106.36 105.44 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 23.45 28.30 33.60 40.03 51.87 56.70 53.38 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 55.02 63.41 73.69 86.49 97.95 107.71 107.68 ..
IEA .. 135.93 156.22 182.96 215.26 265.08 260.13 254.83 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.189

Total industry consumption of energy (Mtoe)


Consommation industrielle totale d'énergie (Mtep)
Gesamtenergieverbrauch der Industrie (Mtoe)
Consumo totale di energia nell'industria (Mtep)
↥ᬺ↪ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo total industrial de energía (Mtep)
®ÁÙÅÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 14.01 17.03 17.81 20.45 23.17 28.21 29.82 30.90 ..


Austria 3.88 5.54 6.19 6.34 6.66 7.56 9.09 9.06 ..
Belgium 7.27 14.23 16.73 13.70 13.49 19.51 18.19 18.78 ..
Canada 24.34 43.36 52.32 61.21 61.16 73.36 77.91 73.76 ..
Czech Republic .. 19.04 18.54 19.82 17.44 11.06 10.95 10.89 ..

Denmark 2.06 3.91 4.06 3.56 2.95 3.18 3.13 2.98 ..


Finland 2.53 5.46 7.57 7.22 10.48 12.20 13.74 13.30 ..
France 27.08 55.69 55.75 54.13 45.53 50.19 47.53 46.69 ..
Germany 46.56 93.46 105.02 101.22 88.59 76.00 80.62 79.07 ..
Greece 0.63 2.65 3.47 4.36 4.56 5.11 5.33 5.08 ..

Hungary .. 6.72 7.41 9.86 7.77 4.85 5.33 5.10 ..


Iceland 0.07 0.21 0.28 0.36 0.48 0.84 1.20 1.53 ..
Ireland 0.75 1.99 1.87 2.34 2.32 3.02 2.65 2.75 ..
Italy 17.41 42.87 47.33 44.53 44.19 46.01 49.67 44.64 ..
Japan 35.85 120.93 140.54 118.74 136.44 140.31 139.08 122.81 ..

Korea .. 5.97 7.55 13.37 26.00 62.30 75.66 77.30 ..


Luxembourg 1.26 1.82 2.09 1.68 1.35 0.97 1.04 0.95 ..
Mexico .. 14.12 16.46 27.21 35.21 38.20 39.24 39.14 ..
Netherlands 5.46 15.51 20.94 25.25 20.92 24.15 28.45 26.30 ..
New Zealand 1.21 1.80 2.21 2.62 4.03 5.57 4.40 4.56 ..

Norway 3.16 6.16 6.95 8.00 7.87 9.02 8.97 9.12 ..


Poland 14.26 26.49 29.46 36.75 27.41 21.48 21.45 20.13 ..
Portugal 1.07 2.34 2.64 3.77 6.65 8.40 7.98 7.41 ..
Slovak Republic .. 5.51 6.13 6.59 7.64 4.93 4.94 4.90 ..
Spain 4.98 17.51 20.62 23.46 24.94 33.78 34.89 33.58 ..

Sweden 9.41 14.11 15.36 13.42 13.71 15.23 14.42 13.77 ..


Switzerland 2.60 4.37 4.69 4.46 3.84 4.43 4.64 4.65 ..
Turkey 0.97 3.10 4.28 7.38 13.58 22.99 28.84 22.80 ..
United Kingdom 42.36 59.86 64.06 45.95 42.29 44.63 38.67 38.45 ..
United States 316.51 439.21 478.67 485.28 397.90 480.46 450.53 434.41 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 1 050.98 1 167.01 1 173.03 1 098.55 1 257.94 1 258.35 1 204.84 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 496.69 547.46 573.70 494.27 592.02 567.67 547.32 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 145.73 168.11 155.19 189.64 236.39 248.95 235.57 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 408.55 451.45 444.15 414.65 429.53 441.73 421.95 ..
IEA .. 1 036.65 1 150.27 1 145.46 1 062.87 1 218.91 1 217.91 1 164.17 ..

Includes non-energy use for industry/transformation/energy.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.
For the United States, fuels used by autoproducers of electricity and heat have been included in final consumption for some years.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.190 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Consumption of oil in transport (Mtoe)


Consommation de pétrole dans les transports (Mtep)
Ölverbrauch im Verkehrssektor (Mtoe)
Consumo di petrolio nel settore dei trasporti (Mtep)
ㆇャㇱ㐷ߩ⍹ᴤᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo de petróleo en el transporte (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂÂÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÅ ¬ÒÍÝ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 5.58 11.19 12.85 16.74 20.87 25.06 26.60 26.75 ..


Austria 1.20 3.20 3.85 4.03 4.59 6.08 7.69 7.14 ..
Belgium 1.71 3.95 4.34 5.42 6.75 8.10 8.26 8.94 ..
Canada 16.42 28.42 33.19 42.49 40.22 47.06 52.69 52.63 ..
Czech Republic .. 1.82 2.12 2.19 2.52 4.14 6.22 5.96 ..

Denmark 1.00 2.51 2.69 3.02 3.46 3.99 4.65 4.59 ..


Finland 0.71 2.09 2.39 2.78 3.91 4.02 4.54 4.23 ..
France 9.04 20.23 24.52 30.10 38.13 44.57 43.31 41.32 ..
Germany 10.99 31.08 33.97 43.41 53.97 58.86 50.27 49.95 ..
Greece 0.67 1.60 2.05 3.18 5.15 6.42 7.73 7.47 ..

Hungary .. 1.58 1.84 2.66 2.83 2.95 4.35 4.32 ..


Iceland 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.21 0.21 0.31 0.31 ..
Ireland 0.41 1.00 1.17 1.58 1.68 3.46 4.77 4.49 ..
Italy 5.35 15.95 18.37 23.68 32.18 39.08 41.20 38.71 ..
Japan 7.61 34.27 39.79 52.92 71.23 87.11 80.43 77.19 ..

Korea .. 2.09 2.48 4.74 14.47 26.54 29.83 28.36 ..


Luxembourg 0.10 0.18 0.23 0.43 0.88 1.56 2.14 2.13 ..
Mexico .. 10.24 12.38 22.76 28.46 36.06 49.50 51.71 ..
Netherlands 2.37 5.73 6.46 7.60 8.85 10.90 11.59 11.77 ..
New Zealand 0.96 1.71 1.94 2.28 2.90 4.14 4.93 4.70 ..

Norway 1.10 2.26 2.25 2.83 3.35 4.00 4.70 4.63 ..


Poland 1.21 4.00 5.01 6.96 6.66 9.30 14.19 14.77 ..
Portugal 0.51 1.30 1.60 2.30 3.28 6.00 6.23 6.22 ..
Slovak Republic .. 1.41 1.62 1.21 1.35 1.35 1.82 1.92 ..
Spain 3.44 8.32 10.71 14.90 21.23 30.08 38.27 36.08 ..

Sweden 2.53 4.77 5.17 5.73 6.78 7.29 7.74 7.91 ..


Switzerland 1.33 3.17 3.42 3.56 4.97 5.64 5.73 5.86 ..
Turkey 0.75 2.89 3.85 5.29 9.31 11.93 16.35 15.36 ..
United Kingdom 12.81 25.14 27.84 30.46 39.08 41.43 43.20 41.90 ..
United States 228.15 359.42 400.90 414.29 476.68 574.32 598.80 565.30 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 591.61 669.12 759.70 915.93 1 111.66 1 178.07 1 132.62 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 398.08 446.47 479.54 545.36 657.44 700.98 669.64 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 49.25 57.06 76.68 109.47 142.86 141.78 136.98 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 144.28 165.58 203.47 261.10 311.36 335.30 325.99 ..
IEA .. 581.27 656.61 736.78 887.26 1 075.39 1 128.26 1 080.60 ..

Includes non-energy use in transport.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.191

Consumption of electricity in transport (Mtoe)


Consommation d'électricité dans les transports (Mtep)
Stromverbrauch im Verkehrssektor (Mtoe)
Consumo di energia elettrica nel settore dei trasporti (Mtep)
ㆇャㇱ㐷ߩ㔚ജᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo de electricidad en el transporte (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÂÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÅ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.16 0.20 0.23 0.24 ..


Austria 0.08 0.14 0.15 0.20 0.24 0.30 0.28 0.28 ..
Belgium 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.15 ..
Canada 0.05 0.17 0.28 0.20 0.28 0.39 0.35 0.36 ..
Czech Republic .. 0.15 0.16 0.20 0.27 0.20 0.20 0.18 ..

Denmark 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 ..


Finland 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 ..
France 0.30 0.50 0.55 0.59 0.76 1.00 1.07 1.14 ..
Germany 0.33 0.78 0.85 1.03 1.18 1.37 1.40 1.42 ..
Greece 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 ..

Hungary .. 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.11 0.10 ..


Iceland - - - - - - - - ..
Ireland - - - - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ..
Italy 0.28 0.32 0.33 0.41 0.58 0.73 0.89 0.93 ..
Japan 0.43 1.00 1.14 1.31 1.45 1.60 1.62 1.62 ..

Korea .. - 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.18 0.21 0.19 ..


Luxembourg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 ..
Mexico .. 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.09 0.10 0.10 ..
Netherlands 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.14 ..
New Zealand - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.05 ..

Norway 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 ..


Poland 0.06 0.26 0.30 0.41 0.47 0.40 0.32 0.31 ..
Portugal 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.08 0.05 0.05 ..
Spain 0.06 0.11 0.12 0.16 0.32 0.36 0.25 0.25 ..

Sweden 0.14 0.17 0.18 0.20 0.21 0.27 0.25 0.20 ..


Switzerland 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.27 ..
Turkey 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.08 0.08 ..
United Kingdom 0.19 0.24 0.22 0.26 0.45 0.74 0.70 0.73 ..
United States 0.47 0.39 0.37 0.27 0.35 0.38 0.70 0.66 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 4.83 5.29 6.05 7.70 9.17 9.62 9.68 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.58 0.68 0.50 0.71 0.86 1.15 1.12 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 1.06 1.21 1.42 1.69 2.01 2.11 2.10 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 3.19 3.40 4.13 5.31 6.30 6.36 6.46 ..
IEA .. 4.81 5.26 6.01 7.64 9.08 9.52 9.58 ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.192 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Total consumption of energy in transport (Mtoe)


Consommation totale d'énergie dans les transports (Mtep)
Gesamtenergieverbrauch im Verkehrssektor (Mtoe)
Consumo totale di energia nel settore dei trasporti (Mtep)
ㆇャㇱ㐷ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo total de energía en el transporte (Mtep)
®ÁÙÅÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÂÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÅ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 7.00 11.32 12.93 16.82 21.11 25.66 27.42 27.61 ..


Austria 1.83 3.52 4.13 4.28 4.93 6.62 8.50 8.08 ..
Belgium 2.27 4.03 4.42 5.50 6.85 8.22 8.50 9.19 ..
Canada 17.05 28.73 33.60 44.32 43.40 52.34 57.84 56.88 ..
Czech Republic .. 2.11 2.40 2.48 2.79 4.44 6.51 6.33 ..

Denmark 1.10 2.52 2.70 3.03 3.48 4.02 4.69 4.63 ..


Finland 0.91 2.11 2.41 2.80 3.95 4.08 4.62 4.39 ..
France 11.65 20.87 25.15 30.72 38.90 45.92 45.89 44.82 ..
Germany 16.71 33.99 36.54 44.75 55.16 60.45 55.50 54.45 ..
Greece 0.75 1.63 2.07 3.19 5.16 6.44 7.86 7.58 ..

Hungary .. 2.23 2.28 2.88 2.93 3.04 4.48 4.59 ..


Iceland 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.21 0.21 0.32 0.31 ..
Ireland 0.45 1.00 1.17 1.58 1.68 3.46 4.80 4.55 ..
Italy 6.41 16.55 18.96 24.35 32.96 40.14 42.72 40.92 ..
Japan 11.87 35.87 41.13 54.22 72.68 88.71 82.05 78.80 ..

Korea .. 2.12 2.50 4.78 14.56 26.72 30.69 29.41 ..


Luxembourg 0.13 0.18 0.23 0.44 0.88 1.57 2.19 2.17 ..
Mexico .. 10.26 12.41 22.80 28.53 36.16 49.61 51.82 ..
Netherlands 2.47 5.82 6.53 7.68 8.95 11.04 12.06 12.19 ..
New Zealand 1.07 1.72 1.94 2.29 2.96 4.18 4.98 4.75 ..

Norway 1.20 2.31 2.30 2.89 3.41 4.06 4.80 4.75 ..


Poland 6.99 8.33 8.97 9.17 7.31 9.76 14.91 15.85 ..
Portugal 0.59 1.35 1.64 2.32 3.31 6.03 6.42 6.40 ..
Slovak Republic .. 1.45 1.68 1.50 1.45 1.43 2.42 2.64 ..
Spain 5.02 8.52 10.85 15.07 21.54 30.52 38.98 37.01 ..

Sweden 2.76 4.94 5.35 5.92 6.99 7.57 8.30 8.50 ..


Switzerland 1.46 3.34 3.59 3.74 5.19 5.87 6.01 6.14 ..
Turkey 1.58 3.47 4.38 5.49 9.35 12.04 16.61 15.64 ..
United Kingdom 18.45 25.51 28.12 30.76 39.53 42.18 44.24 43.41 ..
United States 229.94 377.15 418.11 429.31 492.45 593.07 628.93 601.60 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 623.07 698.62 785.25 942.60 1 145.94 1 232.86 1 195.44 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 416.14 464.12 496.43 564.37 681.56 736.39 710.31 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 51.03 58.50 78.12 111.30 145.27 145.14 140.57 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 155.89 176.00 210.71 266.92 319.10 351.33 344.56 ..
IEA .. 612.70 686.08 762.29 913.86 1 109.57 1 182.93 1 143.31 ..

Includes non-energy use in transport.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.193

Other consumption of coal and peat (Mtoe)


Consommation de charbon et de tourbe des autres secteurs (Mtep)
Kohle- und Torfverbrauch in restlichen Sektoren (Mtoe)
Consumo di carbone e torba negli altri settori (Mtep)
ઁߩㇱ㐷ߩ⍹὇෸߮ᵆ὇ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo de carbón y turba de otros sectores (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÓÃËßÈÒÎÐÔÀÄÐÓÃÈÌÈÑÅÊÒÎÐÀÌÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.13 0.30 0.28 0.21 0.14 0.05 0.05 0.04 ..


Austria 1.24 1.11 1.13 1.01 0.68 0.25 0.10 0.10 ..
Belgium 4.15 2.47 2.15 1.03 0.52 0.20 0.11 0.15 ..
Canada 3.79 0.66 0.40 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.05 ..
Czech Republic .. 9.10 7.70 6.64 6.42 1.34 0.55 0.55 ..

Denmark 1.69 0.19 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.03 0.05 0.04 ..


Finland 0.22 0.16 0.11 0.10 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 ..
France 12.19 6.79 5.84 3.18 1.92 0.79 0.51 0.50 ..
Germany 23.61 25.76 22.71 20.52 16.57 1.28 1.22 1.24 ..
Greece 0.02 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 ..

Hungary .. 2.18 1.93 1.98 1.88 0.24 0.14 0.17 ..


Iceland 0.01 0.00 0.00 - - - - - ..
Ireland 1.08 1.13 0.88 1.17 1.28 0.52 0.43 0.46 ..
Italy 1.98 0.88 0.47 0.36 0.10 0.23 0.17 0.17 ..
Japan 4.46 2.33 1.75 0.55 0.96 0.61 0.54 0.52 ..

Korea .. 4.77 6.08 8.39 8.66 0.57 1.00 1.05 ..


Luxembourg 0.17 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 - - ..
Mexico .. - - - - - - - ..
Netherlands 3.47 0.55 0.32 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.02 ..
New Zealand 0.31 0.19 0.18 0.25 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.15 ..

Norway 0.22 0.25 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.00 - - ..


Poland 12.17 13.97 14.19 19.08 10.34 5.69 6.89 7.38 ..
Portugal 0.23 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.00 - - - ..
Slovak Republic .. 1.17 1.19 2.30 2.18 0.26 0.20 0.29 ..
Spain 1.85 1.07 0.31 0.26 0.30 0.06 0.22 0.23 ..

Sweden 0.70 0.17 0.05 0.02 0.04 - - - ..


Switzerland 0.92 0.23 0.21 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 ..
Turkey 0.71 1.09 1.27 1.81 3.00 2.02 2.75 6.66 ..
United Kingdom 34.65 16.28 13.07 8.08 4.39 1.61 0.58 0.65 ..
United States 23.99 16.92 13.59 7.92 9.64 2.22 1.75 1.73 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 109.88 96.10 85.35 69.45 18.20 17.49 22.21 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 17.58 13.99 8.02 9.69 2.25 1.78 1.79 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 7.59 8.30 9.41 9.89 1.34 1.72 1.77 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 84.71 73.81 67.92 49.87 14.61 13.99 18.65 ..
IEA .. 109.88 96.10 85.35 69.45 18.20 17.49 22.21 ..

Includes residential, commerce/public services, agriculture/forestry and other non-specified. Also includes non-energy use for these sectors.
2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.
For the United States, coal used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1992.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.194 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Other consumption of oil (Mtoe)


Consommation de pétrole des autres secteurs (Mtep)
Ölverbrauch in restlichen Sektoren (Mtoe)
Consumo di petrolio negli altri settori (Mtep)
ઁߩㇱ㐷ߩ⍹ᴤᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo de petróleo de otros sectores (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÍÅÔÒÈÈÍÅÔÒÅÏÐÎÄÓÊÒÎÂÄÐÓÃÈÌÈÑÅÊÒÎÐÀÌÈ ¬ÒÍÝ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 1.59 2.93 3.47 2.24 1.74 2.02 2.78 2.84 ..


Austria 0.41 2.56 3.04 3.83 2.47 2.40 1.90 2.09 ..
Belgium 1.93 6.80 8.04 6.99 5.21 5.28 4.20 5.10 ..
Canada 12.65 23.22 21.61 17.22 11.44 13.23 15.84 15.72 ..
Czech Republic .. 0.53 0.59 1.11 1.26 0.56 0.39 0.40 ..

Denmark 1.59 7.06 7.24 5.78 2.22 1.54 1.10 1.08 ..


Finland 0.70 3.49 3.86 3.49 2.71 1.71 1.49 1.43 ..
France 4.91 26.74 37.09 27.28 19.69 17.63 14.96 16.33 ..
Germany 7.60 45.94 53.28 43.21 31.04 28.43 17.31 25.17 ..
Greece 0.44 1.65 2.04 1.86 2.58 3.50 3.89 3.75 ..

Hungary .. 1.70 2.41 3.10 2.20 0.73 0.38 0.38 ..


Iceland 0.22 0.26 0.29 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.19 0.19 ..
Ireland 0.20 0.54 0.78 0.73 1.22 1.76 1.95 2.05 ..
Italy 3.91 20.06 22.17 18.27 12.77 9.74 7.56 7.51 ..
Japan 2.27 28.73 36.07 36.64 43.20 47.60 38.92 35.39 ..

Korea .. 0.49 1.02 3.92 11.57 17.81 10.02 9.27 ..


Luxembourg 0.07 0.35 0.43 0.37 0.31 0.33 0.25 0.26 ..
Mexico .. 3.98 4.47 7.82 8.78 11.53 11.02 10.95 ..
Netherlands 1.92 6.76 6.93 3.02 1.33 0.95 1.26 1.32 ..
New Zealand 0.42 0.54 0.57 0.51 0.46 0.44 0.39 0.44 ..

Norway 1.03 1.90 2.07 1.71 1.24 1.07 1.04 0.96 ..


Poland 0.23 0.74 1.03 1.43 1.43 4.35 3.51 3.36 ..
Portugal 0.35 0.75 0.87 0.94 1.23 1.76 1.47 1.22 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.44 0.48 0.92 0.65 0.18 0.17 0.15 ..
Spain 0.61 4.15 4.83 6.00 5.99 7.78 7.30 6.85 ..

Sweden 4.64 10.86 11.08 8.36 3.27 2.27 0.79 0.67 ..


Switzerland 1.05 5.63 6.38 5.77 5.37 4.28 3.72 3.96 ..
Turkey 0.50 2.43 3.11 3.23 5.02 6.24 5.20 6.22 ..
United Kingdom 5.23 11.29 12.49 10.30 6.94 5.26 4.17 4.23 ..
United States 91.31 136.65 135.49 87.46 62.08 62.67 55.60 52.88 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 359.17 393.22 313.76 255.64 263.30 218.79 222.17 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 163.86 161.56 112.51 82.29 87.42 82.47 79.55 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 32.69 41.13 43.31 56.96 67.88 52.12 47.94 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 162.62 190.52 157.94 116.38 108.00 84.21 94.68 ..
IEA .. 354.93 388.47 305.70 246.62 251.52 207.57 211.02 ..

Includes residential, commerce/public services, agriculture/forestry and other non-specified. Also includes non-energy use for these sectors.
2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.195

Other consumption of gas (Mtoe)


Consommation de gaz des autres secteurs (Mtep)
Gasverbrauch in restlichen Sektoren (Mtoe)
Consumo di gas negli altri settori (Mtep)
ઁߩㇱ㐷ߩࠟࠬᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo de gas natural de otros sectores (Mtep)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÃÀÇÀÄÐÓÃÈÌÈÑÅÊÒÎÐÀÌÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia - 0.34 0.62 1.49 2.68 3.65 3.82 3.88 ..


Austria 0.25 0.41 0.48 0.72 0.97 1.71 1.65 1.77 ..
Belgium 0.23 0.95 1.45 3.45 3.52 4.84 4.81 5.16 ..
Canada 3.59 10.61 11.86 16.06 20.17 25.26 25.45 25.85 ..
Czech Republic .. 1.17 1.35 2.10 2.15 3.28 3.35 3.53 ..

Denmark 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.62 0.89 0.93 0.92 ..


Finland 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.07 ..
France 1.19 3.77 5.39 9.84 12.83 17.47 21.18 21.99 ..
Germany 1.60 4.58 7.82 15.86 21.34 33.71 38.52 39.59 ..
Greece 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.28 0.34 ..

Hungary .. 0.62 0.78 1.25 2.44 4.99 4.85 4.90 ..


Iceland - - - - - - - - ..
Ireland 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.21 0.73 0.94 1.06 ..
Italy 0.89 2.78 4.00 8.84 15.73 20.66 23.23 24.77 ..
Japan 1.11 4.04 4.96 6.98 11.24 17.80 25.21 24.78 ..

Korea .. - - - 0.60 8.04 11.52 11.39 ..


Luxembourg 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.11 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.27 ..
Mexico .. 0.30 0.39 0.47 0.81 0.69 0.95 0.95 ..
Netherlands 0.52 7.45 11.15 15.84 13.89 14.34 13.03 14.30 ..
New Zealand 0.09 0.05 0.09 0.10 0.18 0.43 0.26 0.20 ..

Norway 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 0.00 0.04 0.04 ..


Poland 0.39 0.82 0.80 1.79 3.34 3.98 4.76 4.87 ..
Portugal 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.17 0.39 0.42 ..
Slovak Republic .. 0.49 0.58 0.82 2.58 3.05 2.06 2.12 ..
Spain 0.07 0.25 0.30 0.44 0.83 2.74 5.59 5.40 ..

Sweden 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.18 0.18 ..


Switzerland 0.10 0.16 0.19 0.37 0.95 1.43 1.52 1.64 ..
Turkey 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.05 3.11 9.97 9.59 ..
United Kingdom 4.02 10.87 13.51 23.81 29.82 37.16 35.02 36.27 ..
United States 98.64 174.92 173.17 171.13 163.81 189.40 179.86 185.70 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 224.95 239.28 281.84 311.12 399.99 419.66 431.95 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 185.83 185.41 187.66 184.79 215.35 206.26 212.49 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 4.43 5.67 8.57 14.71 29.92 40.81 40.25 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 34.69 48.20 85.61 111.62 154.72 172.59 179.20 ..
IEA .. 224.65 238.89 281.37 310.31 399.30 418.71 430.99 ..

Includes residential, commerce/public services, agriculture/forestry and other non-specified.


2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.196 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Total other consumption of energy (Mtoe)


Consommation totale d'énergie des autres secteurs (Mtep)
Gesamtenergieverbrauch in restlichen Sektoren (Mtoe)
Consumo totale di energia negli altri settori (Mtep)
ઁߩㇱ㐷ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚⊖ਁ࠻ࡦ㧕
Consumo total de energía de otros sectores (Mtep)
®ÁÙÅÅÏÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈÄÐÓÃÈÌÈÑÅÊÒÎÐÀÌÈ ¬ÒÍÝ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 2.30 7.72 8.84 9.51 12.29 15.71 17.83 18.20 ..


Austria 2.99 5.50 6.29 8.02 8.14 9.37 9.23 9.74 ..
Belgium 6.54 10.97 12.58 13.09 11.72 13.65 12.96 14.38 ..
Canada 24.78 44.51 45.32 49.53 54.51 63.92 69.58 71.62 ..
Czech Republic .. 11.45 10.40 12.36 13.26 9.47 9.52 9.78 ..

Denmark 3.65 8.24 8.55 8.15 6.74 6.98 7.27 7.30 ..


Finland 5.88 8.67 9.20 9.33 7.81 7.70 8.63 8.47 ..
France 19.63 49.04 61.32 56.43 58.58 66.87 71.76 74.04 ..
Germany 35.19 90.77 100.16 102.70 97.24 95.62 92.20 102.15 ..
Greece 0.54 2.48 2.99 3.15 4.77 6.90 8.61 8.52 ..

Hungary .. 5.85 6.83 8.82 10.02 9.30 8.90 8.88 ..


Iceland 0.35 0.53 0.61 0.76 0.95 1.06 0.98 0.97 ..
Ireland 1.43 2.03 2.08 2.43 3.39 4.10 4.85 5.22 ..
Italy 7.73 26.87 30.26 33.34 37.78 42.69 46.13 47.84 ..
Japan 9.27 42.46 52.31 58.92 90.96 116.09 121.14 117.20 ..

Korea .. 5.51 7.44 13.14 24.35 37.37 40.75 40.82 ..


Luxembourg 0.25 0.45 0.55 0.60 0.57 0.72 0.73 0.77 ..
Mexico .. 9.96 10.87 15.91 19.15 23.53 24.94 24.44 ..
Netherlands 6.41 16.25 20.18 21.38 19.26 21.51 21.13 22.55 ..
New Zealand 1.11 1.59 1.73 1.99 2.30 3.03 3.09 3.11 ..

Norway 2.04 3.95 4.11 5.09 6.15 6.72 7.10 7.03 ..


Poland 15.35 21.09 22.13 32.09 27.11 26.97 28.74 29.54 ..
Portugal 0.99 1.35 1.46 1.83 3.39 5.00 5.71 5.46 ..
Slovak Republic .. 2.83 3.04 4.93 6.67 5.06 4.17 4.26 ..
Spain 2.82 6.78 7.12 9.62 14.26 21.17 28.93 28.48 ..

Sweden 6.46 13.49 14.11 15.26 11.42 12.50 11.68 11.49 ..


Switzerland 3.05 7.46 8.39 8.42 9.67 9.22 9.65 10.17 ..
Turkey 7.18 9.60 11.20 13.45 17.14 22.83 31.03 35.93 ..
United Kingdom 48.48 49.06 51.05 54.57 55.98 63.49 59.30 60.98 ..
United States 260.44 412.24 418.58 396.71 403.16 472.71 502.16 506.23 ..

OECD TOTAL .. 878.72 939.70 971.52 1 038.74 1 201.25 1 268.68 1 295.60 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. 466.71 474.77 462.15 476.82 560.15 596.68 602.29 ..
OECD PACIFIC .. 57.28 70.31 83.56 129.90 172.20 182.81 179.33 ..
OECD EUROPE .. 354.73 394.62 425.80 432.03 468.90 489.19 513.98 ..
IEA .. 868.22 928.22 954.84 1 018.64 1 176.66 1 242.76 1 270.18 ..

Includes residential, commerce/public services, agriculture/forestry and other non-specified. Also includes non-energy use for these sectors.
2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.
For the United States, coal used by autoproducers of electricity and heat has been included in final consumption prior to 1992.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.197

GDP using exchange rates (billion 2000 USD)


PIB sur la base des taux de change (milliards USD 2000)
BIP auf Wechselkursbasis (Milliarden USD 2000)
PIL utilizzando i tassi di cambio (miliardi di USD 2000)
ὑᦧ឵▚ߦࠃࠆ࿖ౝ✚↢↥㧔චం☨࠼࡞㧘ᐕଔᩰ㧕
PIB basado en los tipos de cambio (millardos USD 2000)
¢¢¯ÏÎÂÀËÞÒÍÎÌÓÊÓÐÑÓ ÌËÐÄÄÎË˱¸ ÂÖÅÍÀÕÃ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 93.65 e 163.42 174.54 210.39 281.43 399.61 504.86 516.41 531.51
Austria 53.20 e 88.59 98.69 120.30 149.00 191.20 221.66 226.20 223.47
Belgium 68.76 e 113.85 127.17 152.86 186.52 232.37 265.93 268.69 263.36
Canada 168.92 e 288.32 325.20 411.96 543.64 724.91 866.79 870.39 858.07
Czech Republic 27.82 e 38.33 e 41.03 e 48.67 e 55.30 56.72 77.25 79.15 76.44

Denmark 52.17 e 83.22 89.96 101.00 123.89 160.08 179.15 177.59 172.67
Finland 31.72 e 51.90 59.82 73.46 99.30 121.72 151.81 153.64 142.98
France 348.73 e 630.81 703.39 861.11 1 091.83 1 327.96 1 508.53 1 515.00 1 496.72
Germany 597.23 e 950.51 1 038.75 1 225.93 1 543.20 1 900.22 2 069.15 2 095.18 2 027.79
Greece 28.81 e 64.78 77.13 94.16 100.82 127.09 169.50 172.92 171.00

Hungary 13.20 e 25.71 e 30.67 e 39.28 e 43.99 e 47.29 61.10 61.49 59.82
Iceland 1.78 e 3.16 3.58 5.16 6.76 8.70 11.82 11.98 11.37
Ireland 14.23 e 22.21 24.77 34.09 48.66 96.58 140.81 136.54 129.28
Italy 292.12 e 518.20 575.62 739.13 937.60 1 097.34 1 188.49 1 176.14 1 127.74
Japan 669.76 e 1 894.92 2 219.37 2 800.62 4 122.36 4 667.47 5 202.72 5 166.27 4 912.48

Korea 28.93 e 68.89 80.63 128.03 295.60 533.38 734.48 750.81 765.72
Luxembourg 4.19 e 6.08 7.02 7.65 12.40 20.27 27.18 27.19 26.79
Mexico 104.12 e 208.00 244.63 378.36 452.56 636.73 759.03 769.26 713.02
Netherlands 101.53 e 173.57 188.21 226.17 281.96 385.08 440.49 449.28 436.70
New Zealand 19.31 e 28.69 32.51 32.89 39.62 52.66 66.97 66.24 66.12

Norway 38.31 e 60.97 67.05 91.23 116.97 168.29 197.32 200.90 199.32
Poland 54.73 e 89.19 e 102.82 e 118.99 e 118.17 171.28 226.15 237.47 245.10
Portugal 20.90 e 41.30 49.60 61.54 84.75 112.65 121.51 121.46 120.23
Slovak Republic 9.33 e 12.86 e 13.76 e 16.33 e 18.91 e 20.39 31.08 32.99 31.67
Spain 113.17 e 241.85 281.94 329.98 440.64 580.67 734.55 740.85 722.41

Sweden 84.88 e 134.84 143.40 162.17 201.52 245.57 297.82 297.17 285.39
Switzerland 101.00 e 166.15 176.69 180.70 224.77 249.91 286.34 291.43 290.73
Turkey 44.49 e 79.31 87.98 111.91 185.95 266.56 372.61 375.96 357.46
United Kingdom 549.34 e 741.49 822.68 879.78 1 150.27 1 477.51 1 763.15 1 772.81 1 711.84
United States 2 564.68 e 3 867.09 4 321.89 5 142.14 7 063.99 9 898.80 11 693.18 11 742.29 11 591.77

OECD TOTAL 6 300.99 10 858.18 12 210.47 14 785.98 20 022.35 25 979.02 30 371.41 30 503.68 29 768.97
OECD N. AMERICA 2 837.72 4 363.41 4 891.72 5 932.47 8 060.19 11 260.45 13 319.00 13 381.93 13 162.86
OECD PACIFIC 811.65 2 155.91 2 507.04 3 171.93 4 739.01 5 653.12 6 509.03 6 499.74 6 275.83
OECD EUROPE 2 651.63 4 338.86 4 811.71 5 681.59 7 223.16 9 065.45 10 543.37 10 622.01 10 330.28
IEA 6 195.10 10 647.02 11 962.26 14 402.46 19 563.03 25 333.59 29 600.56 29 722.45 29 044.58

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.198 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

GDP using purchasing power parities (billion 2000 USD)


PIB sur la base des parités de pouvoir d'achat (milliards USD 2000)
BIP nach Kaufkraftparitätenbasis (Milliarden USD 2000)
PIL utilizzando i PPA (miliardi di USD 2000)
⾼⾈ജᐔଔ឵▚ߦࠃࠆ࿖ౝ✚↢↥㧔චం☨࠼࡞㧘ᐕଔᩰ㧕
PIB basado en la paridad de poder adquisitivo (millardos USD 2000)
¢¢¯Ïί¯± ÌËÐÄÄÎË˱¸ ÂÖÅÍÀÕÃ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 123.13 e 214.86 229.49 276.62 370.03 525.42 663.81 679.00 698.80
Austria 64.13 e 106.81 118.98 145.04 179.64 230.52 267.24 272.71 269.40
Belgium 83.76 e 138.69 154.92 186.21 227.21 283.08 323.96 327.32 320.80
Canada 203.68 e 347.65 392.11 496.73 655.51 874.08 1 045.16 1 049.49 1 034.60
Czech Republic 75.55 e 104.08 e 111.43 e 132.17 e 150.17 154.03 209.78 214.95 207.60

Denmark 50.14 e 79.99 86.47 97.09 119.08 153.87 172.20 170.70 166.00
Finland 34.60 e 56.62 65.26 80.14 108.33 132.79 165.62 167.61 156.00
France 403.06 e 729.09 812.98 995.27 1 261.93 1 534.86 1 743.55 1 751.04 1 729.90
Germany 670.38 e 1 066.93 1 165.97 1 376.08 1 732.21 2 132.96 2 322.58 2 351.80 2 276.20
Greece 45.58 e 102.46 122.00 148.93 159.48 201.02 268.11 273.51 270.50

Hungary 34.53 e 67.25 e 80.21 e 102.74 e 115.05 e 123.70 159.80 160.83 156.40
Iceland 1.66 e 2.94 3.34 4.81 6.31 8.11 11.02 11.17 10.60
Ireland 16.06 e 25.06 27.95 38.47 54.91 108.98 158.89 154.07 145.90
Italy 388.02 e 688.31 764.58 981.76 1 245.38 1 457.57 1 578.64 1 562.23 1 498.00
Japan 466.40 e 1 319.56 1 545.50 1 950.27 2 870.68 3 250.28 3 623.02 3 597.63 3 420.90

Korea 43.90 e 104.54 122.36 194.29 448.59 809.43 1 114.60 1 139.38 1 162.00
Luxembourg 4.84 e 7.03 8.11 8.83 14.32 23.41 31.39 31.40 30.90
Mexico 161.41 e 322.46 379.25 586.57 701.59 987.11 1 176.70 1 192.56 1 105.40
Netherlands 123.46 e 211.06 228.86 275.03 342.86 468.25 535.63 546.32 531.00
New Zealand 29.44 e 43.73 49.56 50.14 60.40 80.28 102.09 100.99 100.80

Norway 36.93 e 58.79 64.65 87.97 112.78 162.26 190.25 193.70 192.20
Poland 129.19 e 210.54 e 242.70 e 280.87 e 278.94 404.30 533.83 560.54 578.60
Portugal 32.42 e 64.06 76.95 95.46 131.46 174.75 188.48 188.42 186.50
Slovak Republic 27.13 e 37.37 e 40.01 e 47.46 e 54.97 e 59.26 90.34 95.91 92.10
Spain 167.32 e 357.59 416.85 487.88 651.50 858.54 1 086.05 1 095.37 1 068.10

Sweden 85.13 e 135.24 143.82 162.65 202.11 246.30 298.70 298.05 286.20
Switzerland 92.13 e 151.55 161.18 164.83 205.03 227.96 261.19 265.84 265.20
Turkey 98.36 e 175.33 194.49 247.40 411.11 589.31 823.76 831.16 790.30
United Kingdom 570.87 e 770.56 854.92 914.26 1 195.36 1 535.42 1 832.26 1 842.30 1 778.90
United States 2 564.68 e 3 867.09 4 321.89 5 142.14 7 063.99 9 898.80 11 693.18 11 742.29 11 591.80

OECD TOTAL 6 827.89 11 567.23 12 986.77 15 758.12 21 130.92 27 696.64 32 671.82 32 868.27 32 121.60
OECD N. AMERICA 2 929.77 4 537.20 5 093.25 6 225.45 8 421.08 11 759.99 13 915.04 13 984.34 13 731.80
OECD PACIFIC 662.87 1 682.70 1 946.90 2 471.32 3 749.69 4 665.41 5 503.51 5 517.00 5 382.50
OECD EUROPE 3 235.25 5 347.33 5 946.62 7 061.35 8 960.14 11 271.24 13 253.27 13 366.94 13 007.30
IEA 6 664.83 11 241.83 12 604.18 15 166.73 20 423.02 26 701.42 31 484.10 31 664.54 31 005.60

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.199

Population (millions)
Population (millions)
Bevölkerung (Millionen)
Popolazione (milioni)
ੱญ㧔ਁੱ㧕
Población (millones)
·ÈÑËÅÍÍÎÑÒÜÍÀÑÅËÅÍÈß ÌËÍ×ÅËÎÂÅÊ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 10.40 e 13.20 13.61 14.81 17.17 19.27 21.15 21.51 21.63
Austria 7.05 e 7.50 7.59 7.55 7.68 8.01 8.30 8.34 8.33
Belgium 9.13 e 9.66 9.73 9.86 9.97 10.25 10.62 10.71 10.78
Canada 17.89 e 21.96 22.49 24.52 27.69 30.69 32.93 33.33 33.53
Czech Republic 9.58 e 9.83 9.92 10.33 10.36 10.27 10.32 10.43 10.42

Denmark 4.59 e 4.96 5.02 5.12 5.14 5.34 5.46 5.49 5.50
Finland 4.43 e 4.61 4.67 4.78 4.99 5.18 5.29 5.31 5.33
France 46.71 e 52.41 53.30 55.11 58.17 60.73 63.76 64.12 64.31
Germany 71.22 e 78.35 78.96 78.30 79.36 82.19 82.26 82.12 82.05
Greece 8.47 e 8.98 9.08 9.81 10.34 10.92 11.19 11.24 11.25

Hungary 9.98 e 10.37 10.43 10.71 10.37 10.21 10.06 10.04 10.01
Iceland 0.18 e 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.26 0.28 0.31 0.32 0.32
Ireland 2.83 e 2.98 3.07 3.40 3.51 3.80 4.36 4.44 4.51
Italy 49.94 e 54.07 54.75 56.43 56.72 56.94 59.38 59.89 59.74
Japan 93.66 e 104.98 108.90 117.06 123.61 126.93 127.77 127.69 127.28

Korea 25.01 e 32.88 34.10 38.12 42.87 47.01 48.46 48.61 48.67
Luxembourg 0.31 e 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.44 0.48 0.49 0.50
Mexico 34.58 e 49.88 53.27 65.70 81.25 98.26 105.68 106.57 107.47
Netherlands 11.48 e 13.19 13.44 14.15 14.95 15.92 16.38 16.44 16.56
New Zealand 2.38 e 2.86 2.97 3.14 3.49 3.88 4.26 4.31 4.34

Norway 3.58 e 3.90 3.96 4.09 4.24 4.49 4.71 4.77 4.79
Poland 29.56 e 32.80 33.37 35.58 38.03 38.26 38.12 38.12 38.09
Portugal 9.23 e 8.73 8.72 9.86 10.00 10.23 10.61 10.62 10.61
Slovak Republic 3.99 4.56 4.64 4.98 5.30 5.40 5.40 5.41 5.40
Spain 30.40 e 34.33 34.96 37.67 39.01 40.26 44.87 45.59 46.12

Sweden 7.48 e 8.10 8.14 8.31 8.56 8.87 9.15 9.26 9.29
Switzerland 5.40 e 6.34 6.44 6.39 6.80 7.21 7.62 7.71 7.68
Turkey 27.53 e 36.22 38.07 44.44 55.12 64.26 70.26 71.08 72.05
United Kingdom 52.37 e 55.93 56.22 56.33 57.24 58.89 60.98 61.35 61.78
United States 180.70 e 207.69 211.94 227.73 250.18 282.41 301.74 304.53 307.53

OECD TOTAL 770.08 881.83 902.32 964.86 1 042.73 1 126.77 1 181.86 1 189.82 1 195.86
OECD N. AMERICA 233.17 279.53 287.70 317.94 359.12 411.36 440.35 444.42 448.53
OECD PACIFIC 131.45 153.93 159.59 173.14 187.14 197.08 201.64 202.12 201.91
OECD EUROPE 405.46 448.37 455.03 473.78 496.47 518.33 539.87 543.28 545.42
IEA 735.33 831.75 848.84 898.93 961.23 1 028.23 1 075.87 1 082.93 1 088.07

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.200 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Energy production/TPES (self-sufficiency)


Production d'énergie/ATEP (indépendance énergétique)
Energieerzeugung/TPES (Eigenversorgung)
Produzione di energia/ATEP (indice di autosufficienza energetica)
ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯↢↥㊂㧛৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯✚ଏ⛎㊂㧔⥄⛎₸㧕
Producción energética/TPES (autosuficiencia energética)
¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÒÎÏËÈÂÀÈÝÍÅÐÃÈÈ®¯¯²½ ÑÀÌÎÑÒÎßÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÜ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.6767 1.0434 1.1916 1.2271 1.8269 2.1603 2.3992 2.3221 2.3606
Austria 0.6752 0.3915 0.3687 0.3296 0.3271 0.3435 0.3284 0.3322 0.3470
Belgium 0.6070 0.1726 0.1415 0.1730 0.2714 0.2347 0.2520 0.2483 0.2787
Canada 0.7498 1.1025 1.2440 1.0769 1.3122 1.4819 1.5286 1.5271 1.5316
Czech Republic .. 0.8802 0.8527 0.8778 0.8225 0.7435 0.7373 0.7353 0.7252

Denmark 0.1130 0.0178 0.0224 0.0498 0.5813 1.4925 1.3758 1.3987 1.3402
Finland 0.5438 0.2743 0.2322 0.2810 0.4257 0.4694 0.4405 0.4697 0.4985
France 0.5718 0.3002 0.2452 0.2743 0.4997 0.5193 0.5108 0.5127 0.5092
Germany 0.8810 0.5744 0.5129 0.5197 0.5298 0.4012 0.4165 0.4000 0.4023
Greece 0.1338 0.2399 0.1976 0.2467 0.4290 0.3687 0.3366 0.3242 0.3362

Hungary .. 0.6225 0.5969 0.5110 0.5090 0.4647 0.3825 0.3967 0.4337


Iceland 0.2787 0.4687 0.4839 0.6040 0.6704 0.7438 0.8074 0.8288 0.8343
Ireland 0.3705 0.2119 0.1622 0.2299 0.3471 0.1576 0.0939 0.1015 0.1037
Italy 0.3468 0.1853 0.1711 0.1521 0.1727 0.1642 0.1473 0.1530 0.1586
Japan 0.5812 0.1338 0.0921 0.1257 0.1712 0.2039 0.1758 0.1788 0.1969

Korea .. 0.3758 0.3138 0.2250 0.2430 0.1756 0.1918 0.1971 0.1944


Luxembourg 0.0005 0.0012 0.0009 0.0083 0.0090 0.0171 0.0193 0.0205 0.0206
Mexico .. 1.0088 0.8995 1.5458 1.5951 1.5344 1.3866 1.2934 1.2565
Netherlands 0.4864 0.7341 0.9155 1.1158 0.9217 0.7862 0.7625 0.8351 0.8147
New Zealand 0.6055 0.4943 0.5048 0.6089 0.8978 0.8503 0.8322 0.8789 0.8574

Norway 0.4346 0.4534 0.5650 3.0011 5.6693 8.7742 7.8558 7.4035 8.3131
Poland 1.1962 1.1524 1.1564 1.0002 1.0074 0.8930 0.7506 0.7294 0.7136
Portugal 0.4243 0.2206 0.2032 0.1483 0.2027 0.1559 0.1841 0.1840 0.2119
Slovak Republic .. 0.1887 0.1659 0.1746 0.2478 0.3565 0.3348 0.3507 0.3447
Spain 0.6088 0.2453 0.2199 0.2330 0.3839 0.2597 0.2103 0.2192 0.2334

Sweden 0.2714 0.2049 0.2382 0.3984 0.6289 0.6418 0.6713 0.6703 0.6626
Switzerland 0.2833 0.1772 0.2264 0.3508 0.4148 0.4726 0.4907 0.4768 0.4730
Turkey 0.8766 0.7066 0.6374 0.5450 0.4893 0.3387 0.2727 0.2942 0.3022
United Kingdom 0.7225 0.5262 0.4976 0.9971 1.0101 1.2222 0.8399 0.7997 0.8067
United States 0.9466 0.9048 0.8418 0.8607 0.8629 0.7334 0.7143 0.7471 0.7775

OECD TOTAL .. 0.6980 0.6569 0.7177 0.7640 0.7282 0.7000 0.7125 0.7318
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.9231 0.8763 0.9117 0.9442 0.8474 0.8364 0.8594 0.8826
OECD PACIFIC .. 0.2899 0.2661 0.3089 0.4225 0.4656 0.5073 0.5178 0.5434
OECD EUROPE .. 0.4897 0.4626 0.5730 0.6462 0.6704 0.5849 0.5853 0.5973
IEA .. 0.6940 0.6534 0.6978 0.7409 0.7053 0.6771 0.6924 0.7131

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.201

TPES/GDP (toe per thousand 2000 USD)


ATEP/PIB (tep par millier de USD 2000)
TPES/BIP (in toe pro tausend 2000er USD)
DTEP/PIL (tep per migliaia di USD 2000)
৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଏ⛎㧛㧳㧰㧼㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚࠻ࡦ㧛ජ☨࠼࡞‫ޔ‬ᐕଔᩰ㧕
TPES/PIB (tep por mile de USD 2000)
®¯¯²½¢¢¯ ÒÍÝÍÀÒÛÑÄÎË˱¸ ÂÖÅÍÀÕÈÏÎÂÀËÞÒÍÎÌÓÊÓÐÑÓÃ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.3362 e 0.3158 0.3269 0.3308 0.3064 0.2705 0.2465 0.2520 0.2468
Austria 0.2049 e 0.2124 0.2176 0.1925 0.1663 0.1491 0.1500 0.1470 0.1451
Belgium 0.3354 e 0.3484 0.3616 0.3060 0.2589 0.2518 0.2144 0.2180 0.2117
Canada 0.4507 e 0.4902 0.4900 0.4675 0.3839 0.3469 0.3139 0.3065 0.2914
Czech Republic .. 1.1842 e 1.1006 e 0.9646 e 0.8817 0.7097 0.5926 0.5639 0.5682

Denmark 0.1688 e 0.2224 0.2111 0.1895 0.1400 0.1161 0.1097 0.1070 0.1033
Finland 0.3068 e 0.3501 0.3516 0.3349 0.2858 0.2638 0.2413 0.2295 0.2308
France 0.2272 e 0.2514 0.2561 0.2227 0.2051 0.1897 0.1749 0.1759 0.1690
Germany 0.2381 e 0.3209 0.3222 0.2914 0.2277 0.1775 0.1609 0.1600 0.1572
Greece 0.0836 e 0.1342 0.1531 0.1591 0.2127 0.2131 0.1783 0.1759 0.1699

Hungary .. 0.7403 e 0.6938 e 0.7218 e 0.6515 e 0.5286 0.4375 0.4303 0.4155


Iceland 0.3046 e 0.2859 0.3126 0.2900 0.3088 0.3564 0.4142 0.4388 0.4858
Ireland 0.2621 e 0.3025 0.2789 0.2416 0.2053 0.1418 0.1065 0.1097 0.1084
Italy 0.1366 e 0.2034 0.2069 0.1770 0.1563 0.1563 0.1507 0.1497 0.1443
Japan 0.1207 e 0.1412 0.1444 0.1230 0.1066 0.1112 0.0990 0.0960 0.0964

Korea .. 0.2464 0.2672 0.3219 0.3149 0.3481 0.3025 0.3023 0.2987


Luxembourg 0.7880 e 0.6678 0.6312 0.4653 0.2752 0.1636 0.1553 0.1515 0.1455
Mexico .. 0.2066 0.2149 0.2514 0.2680 0.2274 0.2323 0.2348 0.2479
Netherlands 0.2066 e 0.2931 0.3294 0.2846 0.2329 0.1902 0.1822 0.1774 0.1768
New Zealand 0.2127 e 0.2410 0.2467 0.2732 0.3205 0.3169 0.2492 0.2557 0.2735

Norway 0.1782 e 0.2181 0.2127 0.2008 0.1796 0.1537 0.1391 0.1477 0.1330
Poland 0.9899 e 0.9656 e 0.9033 e 1.0641 e 0.8725 0.5203 0.4289 0.4122 0.3817
Portugal 0.1428 e 0.1520 0.1390 0.1623 0.1975 0.2190 0.2063 0.1989 0.1984
Slovak Republic .. 1.1090 e 1.1274 e 1.2156 e 1.1278 e 0.8704 0.5744 0.5548 0.5384
Spain 0.1429 e 0.1762 0.1830 0.2051 0.2044 0.2100 0.1959 0.1873 0.1775

Sweden 0.2380 e 0.2673 0.2709 0.2496 0.2342 0.1937 0.1680 0.1669 0.1524
Switzerland 0.0738 e 0.0986 0.1070 0.1109 0.1070 0.0985 0.0898 0.0916 0.0926
Turkey 0.2403 e 0.2464 0.2768 0.2810 0.2837 0.2864 0.2684 0.2620 0.2578
United Kingdom 0.2893 e 0.2814 0.2651 0.2255 0.1790 0.1509 0.1191 0.1176 0.1154
United States 0.3974 e 0.4105 0.4003 0.3510 0.2711 0.2297 0.1998 0.1945 0.1874

OECD TOTAL .. 0.3092 0.3050 0.2740 0.2237 0.2015 0.1808 0.1778 0.1737
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.4061 0.3970 0.3527 0.2785 0.2371 0.2091 0.2041 0.1974
OECD PACIFIC .. 0.1591 0.1623 0.1464 0.1332 0.1467 0.1350 0.1338 0.1357
OECD EUROPE .. 0.2865 0.2859 0.2630 0.2219 0.1914 0.1732 0.1715 0.1666
IEA .. 0.3113 0.3069 0.2746 0.2227 0.2008 0.1794 0.1762 0.1718

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.202 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

TPES/GDP PPP (toe per thousand 2000 USD)


ATEP/PIB PPA (tep par millier de USD 2000)
TPES/BIP Kaufkraftparität (in toe pro tausend 2000er USD)
DTEP/PIL PPA (tep per migliaia di USD 2000)
৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଏ⛎㧛㧳㧰㧼㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚࠻ࡦ㧛ජ☨࠼࡞‫ޔ‬ᐕଔᩰ‫⾈⾼ޔ‬ജᐔଔ㧕
TPES/PIB PPP (tep por mile de USD 2000)
®¯¯²½¢¢¯ ÒÍÝÍÀÒÛÑÄÎË˱¸ ÂÖÅÍÀÕÈÏί¯±Ã

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 0.2557 e 0.2402 0.2486 0.2516 0.2330 0.2058 0.1875 0.1916 0.1877
Austria 0.1699 e 0.1762 0.1805 0.1596 0.1380 0.1237 0.1244 0.1219 0.1204
Belgium 0.2753 e 0.2860 0.2969 0.2512 0.2125 0.2067 0.1760 0.1790 0.1738
Canada 0.3738 e 0.4066 0.4064 0.3877 0.3183 0.2877 0.2603 0.2542 0.2417
Czech Republic .. 0.4360 e 0.4053 e 0.3552 e 0.3247 0.2613 0.2182 0.2076 0.2092

Denmark 0.1756 e 0.2313 0.2196 0.1971 0.1456 0.1208 0.1141 0.1114 0.1075
Finland 0.2812 e 0.3209 0.3223 0.3070 0.2620 0.2418 0.2212 0.2103 0.2115
France 0.1966 e 0.2175 0.2216 0.1927 0.1774 0.1641 0.1514 0.1522 0.1463
Germany 0.2121 e 0.2859 0.2871 0.2596 0.2029 0.1581 0.1433 0.1426 0.1401
Greece 0.0528 e 0.0848 0.0968 0.1006 0.1344 0.1347 0.1127 0.1112 0.1074

Hungary .. 0.2830 e 0.2653 e 0.2760 e 0.2491 e 0.2021 0.1673 0.1645 0.1589


Iceland 0.3266 e 0.3066 0.3352 0.3110 0.3312 0.3822 0.4441 0.4706 0.5209
Ireland 0.2323 e 0.2681 0.2472 0.2141 0.1819 0.1257 0.0944 0.0972 0.0960
Italy 0.1028 e 0.1531 0.1558 0.1333 0.1177 0.1177 0.1134 0.1127 0.1086
Japan 0.1733 e 0.2027 0.2073 0.1767 0.1530 0.1597 0.1422 0.1378 0.1385

Korea .. 0.1623 0.1761 0.2121 0.2075 0.2294 0.1993 0.1992 0.1969


Luxembourg 0.6824 e 0.5782 0.5465 0.4029 0.2383 0.1417 0.1344 0.1312 0.1262
Mexico .. 0.1333 0.1386 0.1622 0.1728 0.1467 0.1498 0.1514 0.1599
Netherlands 0.1699 e 0.2410 0.2709 0.2340 0.1915 0.1564 0.1498 0.1458 0.1454
New Zealand 0.1395 e 0.1581 0.1618 0.1792 0.2102 0.2078 0.1635 0.1677 0.1794

Norway 0.1848 e 0.2262 0.2206 0.2082 0.1862 0.1594 0.1443 0.1532 0.1379
Poland 0.4194 e 0.4091 e 0.3827 e 0.4508 e 0.3696 0.2204 0.1817 0.1746 0.1617
Portugal 0.0921 e 0.0980 0.0896 0.1046 0.1273 0.1412 0.1330 0.1282 0.1279
Slovak Republic .. 0.3815 e 0.3879 e 0.4182 e 0.3880 e 0.2994 0.1976 0.1908 0.1851
Spain 0.0966 e 0.1191 0.1238 0.1388 0.1383 0.1420 0.1325 0.1267 0.1200

Sweden 0.2373 e 0.2665 0.2701 0.2489 0.2335 0.1931 0.1675 0.1664 0.1520
Switzerland 0.0809 e 0.1081 0.1173 0.1216 0.1172 0.1080 0.0985 0.1004 0.1015
Turkey 0.1087 e 0.1115 0.1252 0.1271 0.1283 0.1296 0.1214 0.1185 0.1166
United Kingdom 0.2784 e 0.2708 0.2551 0.2170 0.1723 0.1452 0.1146 0.1131 0.1111
United States 0.3974 e 0.4105 0.4003 0.3510 0.2711 0.2297 0.1998 0.1945 0.1874

OECD TOTAL .. 0.2903 0.2868 0.2571 0.2120 0.1890 0.1680 0.1650 0.1610
OECD N. AMERICA .. 0.3905 0.3813 0.3361 0.2666 0.2270 0.2001 0.1953 0.1893
OECD PACIFIC .. 0.2039 0.2090 0.1879 0.1684 0.1778 0.1596 0.1577 0.1582
OECD EUROPE .. 0.2325 0.2313 0.2116 0.1789 0.1539 0.1378 0.1363 0.1323
IEA .. 0.2948 0.2912 0.2607 0.2133 0.1905 0.1686 0.1654 0.1609

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.203

TPES/population (toe per capita)


ATEP/Population (tep par habitant)
TPES/Bevölkerung (toe pro Kopf)
DTEP/Popolazione (tep per abitante)
৻ੱᒰߚࠅ৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଏ⛎㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚࠻ࡦ㧛ੱ㧕
TPES/ población (tep per capita)
®¯¯²½·ÈÑËÅÍÍÎÑÒÜÍÀÑÅËÅÍÈß ÒÍÝÍÀ×ÅËÎÂÅÊÀ

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia 3.0263 e 3.9107 4.1910 4.7007 5.0219 5.6103 5.8838 6.0478 6.0646
Austria 1.5464 e 2.5083 2.8310 3.0672 3.2277 3.5591 4.0058 3.9878 3.8914
Belgium 2.5270 e 4.1055 4.7289 4.7437 4.8439 5.7104 5.3686 5.4709 5.1747
Canada 4.2550 e 6.4360 7.0844 7.8561 7.5360 8.1940 8.2625 8.0047 7.4579
Czech Republic .. 4.6164 4.5514 4.5460 4.7047 3.9183 4.4346 4.2792 4.1684

Denmark 1.9186 e 3.7286 3.7817 3.7344 3.3739 3.4812 3.6001 3.4615 3.2418
Finland 2.1968 e 3.9393 4.5076 5.1461 5.6921 6.2035 6.9256 6.6357 6.1893
France 1.6960 e 3.0258 3.3798 3.4798 3.8488 4.1477 4.1389 4.1562 3.9344
Germany 1.9963 e 3.8937 4.2390 4.5615 4.4278 4.1039 4.0468 4.0829 3.8857
Greece 0.2843 e 0.9673 1.3003 1.5273 2.0742 2.4811 2.6996 2.7070 2.5828

Hungary .. 1.8364 2.0406 2.6481 2.7648 2.4483 2.6579 2.6358 2.4839


Iceland 3.0753 e 4.3804 5.2768 6.5650 8.1901 11.0312 15.7377 16.4733 17.3101
Ireland 1.3163 e 2.2559 2.2479 2.4215 2.8487 3.6050 3.4419 3.3719 3.1041
Italy 0.7989 e 1.9491 2.1756 2.3184 2.5839 3.0122 3.0163 2.9393 2.7238
Japan 0.8631 e 2.5483 2.9418 2.9431 3.5540 4.0886 4.0332 3.8831 3.7217

Korea .. 0.5161 0.6318 1.0810 2.1714 3.9495 4.5845 4.6690 4.7003


Luxembourg 10.5224 e 11.8777 12.6287 9.7787 8.9335 7.5547 8.7911 8.4228 7.8283
Mexico .. 0.8618 0.9868 1.4478 1.4925 1.4736 1.6682 1.6947 1.6450
Netherlands 1.8268 e 3.8555 4.6137 4.5494 4.3937 4.5992 4.8990 4.8468 4.6646
New Zealand 1.7278 e 2.4134 2.6993 2.8578 3.6403 4.3036 3.9141 3.9338 4.1673

Norway 1.9052 e 3.4071 3.6009 4.4827 4.9523 5.7595 5.8333 6.2227 5.5377
Poland 1.8327 e 2.6257 2.7832 3.5589 2.7111 2.3295 2.5447 2.5680 2.4563
Portugal 0.3235 e 0.7190 0.7911 1.0125 1.6748 2.4128 2.3629 2.2744 2.2477
Slovak Republic .. 3.1275 3.3437 3.9825 4.0256 3.2851 3.3071 3.3859 3.1592
Spain 0.5318 e 1.2409 1.4763 1.7971 2.3091 3.0287 3.2061 3.0442 2.7794

Sweden 2.7005 e 4.4506 4.7734 4.8719 5.5144 5.3602 5.4691 5.3578 4.6807
Switzerland 1.3795 e 2.5838 2.9358 3.1380 3.5372 3.4159 3.3763 3.4632 3.5029
Turkey 0.3882 e 0.5397 0.6397 0.7076 0.9571 1.1881 1.4234 1.3858 1.2790
United Kingdom 3.0343 e 3.7312 3.8787 3.5227 3.5977 3.7859 3.4451 3.3977 3.1983
United States 5.6407 e 7.6434 8.1624 7.9248 7.6544 8.0497 7.7437 7.4992 7.0631

OECD TOTAL .. 3.8078 4.1275 4.1985 4.2955 4.6450 4.6453 4.5574 4.3245
OECD N. AMERICA .. 6.3385 6.7495 6.5811 6.2512 6.4897 6.3244 6.1453 5.7944
OECD PACIFIC .. 2.2285 2.5502 2.6818 3.3736 4.2084 4.3573 4.3036 4.2181
OECD EUROPE .. 2.7723 3.0228 3.1538 3.2284 3.3471 3.3834 3.3528 3.1552
IEA .. 3.9844 4.3243 4.3989 4.5314 4.9463 4.9346 4.8356 4.5854

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.204 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Index of industry consumption/industrial production (2005=100)


Indice de Consommation industrielle/Production industrielle (2005=100)
Index des Industrieverbrauchs/Industrieerzeugung (2005=100)
Indice di Consumo industriale/ Produzione industriale (2005=100)
↥ᬺㇱ㐷ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌ේන૏

Indice del Consumo industrial / Producción industrial (2005=100)
¯ÎÒÐÅÁËÅÍÈÅÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÛÌÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌ®ÁÚÅÌÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÉÏÐÎÄÓÊÖÈÈ ¨ÍÄÅÊÑ 

1960 1971 1973 1980 1990 2000 2007 2008 2009e

Australia .. .. .. 121.22 102.48 99.11 93.77 94.38 ..


Austria 255.23 198.59 195.39 163.66 130.89 103.89 93.82 91.75 ..
Belgium 121.58 143.52 147.88 112.68 91.26 113.28 94.18 97.70 ..
Canada .. 131.65 130.97 139.72 113.65 94.14 99.97 99.91 ..
Czech Republic .. .. .. .. 168.97 128.60 79.62 80.63 ..

Denmark .. .. .. 210.54 132.54 106.47 98.83 94.69 ..


Finland 144.81 145.09 172.27 128.40 140.75 105.91 94.88 91.12 ..
France 168.46 195.76 170.15 150.21 107.89 105.74 98.27 98.57 ..
Germany 167.75 190.96 194.36 173.60 125.88 98.56 86.50 84.61 ..
Greece .. 125.88 126.19 118.73 112.91 105.24 107.66 104.22 ..

Hungary .. .. .. 348.04 281.16 119.76 84.51 80.84 ..


Iceland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Ireland .. .. .. 642.31 345.80 142.09 86.25 91.02 ..
Italy 120.72 152.00 146.54 111.45 99.20 89.40 95.42 88.87 ..
Japan 208.40 193.29 181.88 130.08 101.50 102.79 93.52 85.29 ..

Korea .. .. .. 185.49 119.83 122.49 95.36 94.18 ..


Luxembourg 358.94 412.98 405.45 374.73 210.91 120.10 106.24 102.71 ..
Mexico .. .. .. 130.73 142.04 103.78 98.51 98.83 ..
Netherlands 74.71 99.19 118.23 127.78 99.59 94.10 101.64 92.64 ..
New Zealand .. .. .. 99.20 135.64 155.44 110.34 115.37 ..

Norway 208.51 230.12 230.04 184.97 117.71 95.79 102.93 104.19 ..


Poland .. .. .. .. 293.51 141.66 88.67 81.03 ..
Portugal 69.84 87.24 77.93 80.60 89.37 98.36 97.13 94.10 ..
Slovak Republic .. .. .. .. 181.92 131.67 78.22 73.96 ..
Spain .. 105.68 96.48 93.04 82.04 89.87 85.63 88.78 ..

Sweden 262.50 214.88 213.42 187.61 151.69 117.24 95.25 93.78 ..


Switzerland 164.93 161.34 159.95 150.58 106.47 97.25 85.42 84.42 ..
Turkey .. .. .. .. 94.18 112.40 99.10 79.02 ..
United Kingdom 179.07 199.34 192.49 140.23 108.16 100.12 89.94 92.19 ..
United States 292.89 249.40 229.01 208.24 137.65 111.72 97.60 96.24 ..

OECD TOTAL .. .. .. 163.53 120.72 106.40 94.69 92.30 ..


OECD N. AMERICA .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
OECD PACIFIC .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
OECD EUROPE .. 183.41 177.68 155.62 119.59 102.72 91.96 89.23 ..
IEA .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2009 data for consumption will be released in the 2011 edition.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.205

RENEWABLE ENERGY AND WASTES

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.206 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Total
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 4 479 096 4 827 789 5 233 856 5 460 303 5 450 257 5 490 126 5 422 433 5 171 516
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.6 6.9 7.3 7.7
Renewables 260 885 289 396 306 977 330 704 342 405 357 136 375 271 378 371
% contribution 5.8 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.5 6.9 7.3
Hydro 100 595 112 074 113 346 109 158 110 799 108 406 112 870 110 676
Geothermal (transformation *) 24 268 25 446 27 496 24 821 25 005 26 497 26 615 27 413
Geothermal (direct use **) 2 114 2 558 2 865 3 540 3 598 3 787 4 018 4 139
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) 2 11 63 312 448 605 1 012 1 617
Solar thermal (transformation *) 57 71 134 136 124 152 201 214
Solar thermal (direct use **) 1 431 1 513 3 085 3 036 3 167 3 453 3 683 3 915
Tide/wave/ocean 51 52 52 49 47 47 47 45
Wind 331 632 2 456 8 055 10 057 12 877 16 160 18 544
Municipal waste (renewable) 4 659 6 521 8 851 10 733 11 126 13 073 13 455 13 503
Solid biomass 125 831 135 209 139 007 149 260 149 920 151 081 151 583 146 654
Biogasoline - 2 668 3 125 8 517 11 514 15 078 21 121 23 840
Biodiesel - 185 657 2 842 5 577 7 864 9 509 10 645
Other liquid biomass 6 11 17 1 056 1 204 1 693 1 757 2 069
Biogas 1 540 2 443 5 824 9 190 9 817 12 524 13 241 15 097

Non-renewable waste 8 818 13 409 17 268 15 976 17 313 19 472 18 793 18 027
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste 4 343 6 999 8 647 6 246 7 098 7 769 6 822 6 033
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 4 475 6 409 8 621 9 729 10 215 11 704 11 971 11 995
Memo: total waste *** 13 477 19 930 26 119 26 708 28 439 32 545 32 248 31 530

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 7 560 151 8 457 381 9 614 401 10 390 226 10 461 058 10 657 750 10 676 112 10 229 604
% contribution of renewables and wastes 17.5 17.2 15.9 15.4 15.8 15.7 16.6 17.5
Renewables 1 309 565 1 433 997 1 496 008 1 567 146 1 620 262 1 639 898 1 740 560 1 758 305
% contribution 17.3 17.0 15.6 15.1 15.5 15.4 16.3 17.2
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 169 712 1 303 189 1 317 971 1 269 280 1 288 362 1 260 534 1 312 441 1 286 936
Geothermal 28 614 29 798 32 976 37 611 38 055 40 307 40 954 41 532
Solar photovoltaic 19 126 731 3 624 5 212 7 035 11 769 18 799
Solar thermal 663 824 526 597 551 685 898 920
Tide/wave/ocean 597 601 605 565 550 549 546 524
Wind 3 845 7 349 28 553 93 659 116 943 149 737 187 908 215 630
Municipal waste (renewable) 9 132 13 173 18 815 25 471 26 918 28 886 29 282 28 402
Solid biomass 93 335 72 780 82 725 111 032 115 104 119 806 122 080 125 616
Biogas/liquid biomass 3 648 6 157 13 106 25 307 28 567 32 359 34 682 39 946
Non-renewable waste 16 642 22 378 31 841 32 520 33 881 34 667 34 474 31 658
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste 7 665 9 399 13 532 9 549 9 300 9 093 8 620 6 674
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 8 977 12 979 18 309 22 971 24 581 25 574 25 854 24 984
Memo: total waste *** 25 774 35 551 50 656 57 991 60 799 63 553 63 756 60 060

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.207

OECD North America


Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 2 244 944 2 427 962 2 669 565 2 761 344 2 736 945 2 784 933 2 731 098 2 598 942
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.6 6.8 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.8 7.0
Renewables 143 658 158 650 160 301 165 799 168 624 170 270 179 859 177 380
% contribution 6.4 6.5 6.0 6.0 6.2 6.1 6.6 6.8
Hydro 51 030 58 271 55 457 57 081 58 274 55 693 58 339 57 452
Geothermal (transformation *) 18 170 17 718 17 642 14 054 13 461 14 116 13 983 13 696
Geothermal (direct use **) 336 406 519 852 925 1 036 1 164 1 140
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 1 18 47 66 89 139 139
Solar thermal (transformation *) 57 71 133 135 123 148 196 204
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - 1 483 1 317 1 372 1 433 1 502 1 568
Tide/wave/ocean 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Wind 264 281 510 1 666 2 514 3 258 5 141 6 466
Municipal waste (renewable) 2 136 3 304 4 172 4 050 4 124 4 001 4 125 4 036
Solid biomass 70 924 74 918 74 124 74 038 71 838 70 803 69 695 64 767
Biogasoline - 2 644 3 067 7 945 10 638 13 852 19 239 21 450
Biodiesel - - 21 296 816 1 168 1 348 1 075
Other liquid biomass - - - 291 222 92 85 106
Biogas 739 1 034 3 152 4 024 4 248 4 578 4 900 5 279

Non-renewable waste 4 073 6 422 8 324 5 732 6 357 6 508 5 737 4 712
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 1 965 3 153 4 187 2 569 3 135 3 383 2 514 1 564
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 2 108 3 268 4 137 3 163 3 222 3 126 3 223 3 148
Memo: total waste *** 6 209 9 725 12 496 9 781 10 481 10 509 9 862 8 748

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 3 800 691 4 263 051 4 827 999 5 138 522 5 142 881 5 229 370 5 253 944 5 036 510
% contribution of renewables and wastes 18.6 18.1 15.6 15.4 15.8 15.2 16.1 16.8
Renewables 698 536 759 178 736 859 778 537 801 367 781 611 833 654 835 791
% contribution 18.4 17.8 15.3 15.2 15.6 14.9 15.9 16.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 593 367 677 567 644 846 663 729 677 607 647 589 678 361 668 042
Geothermal 21 136 20 610 20 522 24 077 23 266 24 202 24 070 23 264
Solar photovoltaic 4 13 206 550 768 1 035 1 614 1 614
Solar thermal 663 824 526 596 550 673 878 878
Tide/wave/ocean 26 33 32 31 31 30 33 33
Wind 3 067 3 262 5 933 19 371 29 235 37 889 59 784 75 186
Municipal waste (renewable) 5 382 7 485 8 463 9 627 9 792 9 680 9 615 9 562
Solid biomass 72 374 46 052 50 384 53 135 52 144 52 140 49 880 48 152
Biogas/liquid biomass 2 517 3 332 5 947 7 421 7 974 8 373 9 419 9 060
Non-renewable waste 10 058 11 709 15 587 13 288 13 273 12 587 12 732 9 419
% contribution 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 4 710 4 268 7 170 5 748 5 605 5 006 5 203 1 923
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 5 348 7 441 8 417 7 540 7 668 7 581 7 529 7 496
Memo: total waste *** 15 440 19 194 24 050 22 915 23 065 22 267 22 347 18 981

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.208 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

OECD Pacific
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 631 326 748 324 829 400 866 514 872 299 878 622 869 833 851 674
% contribution of renewables and wastes 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9
Renewables 25 410 26 441 28 581 29 113 30 396 29 955 29 964 30 120
% contribution 4.0 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.5
Hydro 11 438 11 033 11 357 10 210 11 203 9 938 9 764 9 849
Geothermal (transformation *) 2 803 4 038 4 516 4 530 4 487 4 553 4 693 5 216
Geothermal (direct use **) 351 531 447 450 444 449 451 501
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 6 34 137 166 190 232 292
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 1 259 1 107 931 671 637 689 701 720
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 26 291 411 562 693 807
Municipal waste (renewable) 200 321 598 1 002 1 021 1 052 1 064 1 079
Solid biomass 9 265 9 197 10 336 11 273 11 311 11 668 11 435 10 610
Biogasoline - - - 11 38 42 75 108
Biodiesel - - - 11 59 141 190 291
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 94 207 335 525 619 671 667 646

Non-renewable waste 665 1 291 1 854 2 466 2 720 2 898 3 098 3 115
% contribution 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4
Industrial waste 466 976 1 292 1 564 1 806 1 944 2 094 2 093
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 199 315 562 901 913 954 1 005 1 021
Memo: total waste *** 865 1 612 2 452 3 468 3 741 3 950 4 163 4 194

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 1 127 434 1 350 225 1 586 626 1 765 953 1 787 651 1 845 959 1 819 767 1 772 470
% contribution of renewables and wastes 13.2 10.9 9.8 8.8 9.4 8.5 8.6 8.7
Renewables 147 737 146 409 153 588 151 164 164 672 153 127 153 075 152 007
% contribution 13.1 10.8 9.7 8.6 9.2 8.3 8.4 8.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 132 997 128 295 132 056 118 725 130 264 115 558 113 530 114 523
Geothermal 3 872 5 334 6 270 6 385 6 449 6 598 6 952 7 709
Solar photovoltaic 2 67 396 1 598 1 930 2 208 2 692 3 398
Solar thermal - - - 1 1 4 4 4
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 9 304 3 383 4 784 6 540 8 057 9 385
Municipal waste (renewable) 903 1 401 2 374 3 489 3 500 3 531 3 509 2 078
Solid biomass 9 823 11 065 11 619 16 481 16 476 17 212 16 662 13 392
Biogas/liquid biomass 140 238 569 1 102 1 268 1 476 1 669 1 518
Non-renewable waste 904 1 402 2 465 3 696 3 935 3 937 3 974 2 526
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Industrial waste - - 97 229 461 436 489 469
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 904 1 402 2 368 3 467 3 474 3 501 3 485 2 057
Memo: total waste *** 1 807 2 803 4 839 7 185 7 435 7 468 7 483 4 604

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.209

OECD Europe
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 1 602 826 1 651 503 1 734 892 1 832 445 1 841 013 1 826 570 1 821 502 1 720 899
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.0 6.7 7.2 7.8 8.2 9.1 9.6 10.5
Renewables 91 817 104 305 118 095 135 792 143 385 156 911 165 448 170 871
% contribution 5.7 6.3 6.8 7.4 7.8 8.6 9.1 9.9
Hydro 38 128 42 770 46 532 41 867 41 322 42 775 44 767 43 376
Geothermal (transformation *) 3 294 3 690 5 337 6 236 7 057 7 828 7 939 8 443
Geothermal (direct use **) 1 427 1 621 1 900 2 238 2 229 2 303 2 403 2 555
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) 1 4 11 127 216 326 642 1 186
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - 1 1 1 3 5 5
Solar thermal (direct use **) 172 406 671 1 048 1 158 1 331 1 480 1 632
Tide/wave/ocean 49 49 49 46 45 45 44 42
Wind 67 351 1 919 6 098 7 131 9 056 10 326 11 271
Municipal waste (renewable) 2 323 2 897 4 081 5 681 5 981 8 019 8 265 8 387
Solid biomass 45 642 51 094 54 547 63 948 66 771 68 610 70 453 71 276
Biogasoline - 24 58 562 838 1 184 1 808 2 283
Biodiesel - 185 636 2 535 4 702 6 555 7 971 9 279
Other liquid biomass 6 11 17 765 981 1 601 1 672 1 964
Biogas 707 1 201 2 336 4 641 4 951 7 275 7 673 9 172

Non-renewable waste 4 080 5 696 7 090 7 779 8 236 10 066 9 958 10 200
% contribution 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6
Industrial waste 1 913 2 870 3 168 2 113 2 156 2 442 2 215 2 375
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 2 168 2 826 3 922 5 665 6 079 7 624 7 743 7 825
Memo: total waste *** 6 403 8 593 11 171 13 459 14 217 18 086 18 224 18 588

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 2 632 026 2 844 105 3 199 776 3 485 751 3 530 526 3 582 421 3 602 401 3 420 624
% contribution of renewables and wastes 17.8 18.9 19.4 18.7 19.0 20.2 21.4 23.1
Renewables 463 292 528 410 605 561 637 445 654 223 705 160 753 831 770 507
% contribution 17.6 18.6 18.9 18.3 18.5 19.7 20.9 22.5
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 443 348 497 327 541 069 486 826 480 491 497 387 520 550 504 371
Geothermal 3 606 3 854 6 184 7 149 8 340 9 507 9 932 10 559
Solar photovoltaic 13 46 129 1 476 2 514 3 792 7 463 13 787
Solar thermal - - - - - 8 16 38
Tide/wave/ocean 571 568 573 534 519 519 513 491
Wind 778 4 078 22 316 70 905 82 924 105 308 120 067 131 059
Municipal waste (renewable) 2 847 4 287 7 978 12 355 13 626 15 675 16 158 16 762
Solid biomass 11 138 15 663 20 722 41 416 46 484 50 454 55 538 64 072
Biogas/liquid biomass 991 2 587 6 590 16 784 19 325 22 510 23 594 29 368
Non-renewable waste 5 680 9 267 13 789 15 536 16 673 18 143 17 768 19 713
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6
Industrial waste 2 955 5 131 6 265 3 572 3 234 3 651 2 928 4 282
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 2 725 4 136 7 524 11 964 13 439 14 492 14 840 15 431
Memo: total waste *** 8 527 13 554 21 767 27 891 30 299 33 818 33 926 36 475

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.210 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

IEA
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 4 355 740 4 695 703 5 085 965 5 286 682 5 274 413 5 308 944 5 236 573 4 989 206
% contribution of renewables and wastes 5.8 6.1 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.7 7.1 7.5
Renewables 245 716 272 759 288 757 311 004 322 518 336 095 353 087 356 939
% contribution 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.7 7.2
Hydro 98 215 109 304 109 949 106 176 107 558 105 338 108 432 107 326
Geothermal (transformation *) 19 415 19 960 21 294 17 102 17 197 17 494 17 783 18 556
Geothermal (direct use **) 1 523 2 009 2 237 2 954 3 030 3 201 3 502 3 654
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) 2 10 62 311 447 604 1 011 1 616
Solar thermal (transformation *) 57 71 134 136 124 152 201 213
Solar thermal (direct use **) 1 431 1 513 3 042 2 952 3 073 3 345 3 550 3 758
Tide/wave/ocean 51 52 52 49 47 47 47 45
Wind 331 631 2 454 8 053 10 052 12 855 16 137 18 523
Municipal waste (renewable) 4 659 6 521 8 850 10 732 11 125 13 070 13 453 13 501
Solid biomass 118 487 127 379 131 065 140 949 141 767 142 856 143 373 138 121
Biogasoline - 2 668 3 125 8 517 11 514 15 078 21 121 23 840
Biodiesel - 185 657 2 842 5 577 7 864 9 509 10 645
Other liquid biomass 6 11 17 1 056 1 204 1 693 1 757 2 069
Biogas 1 540 2 443 5 818 9 174 9 802 12 498 13 212 15 071

Non-renewable waste 8 818 13 408 17 267 15 975 17 312 19 469 18 792 18 025
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
Industrial waste 4 343 6 999 8 647 6 246 7 098 7 769 6 822 6 033
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 4 475 6 409 8 620 9 728 10 214 11 701 11 969 11 993
Memo: total waste *** 13 477 19 929 26 118 26 707 28 437 32 539 32 244 31 526

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 7 439 804 8 307 728 9 410 199 10 137 938 10 199 114 10 382 308 10 400 731 9 959 996
% contribution of renewables and wastes 17.4 17.1 15.7 15.3 15.7 15.7 16.5 17.5
Renewables 1 276 457 1 395 816 1 448 827 1 520 405 1 570 737 1 590 301 1 676 782 1 706 931
% contribution 17.2 16.8 15.4 15.0 15.4 15.3 16.1 17.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 142 030 1 270 979 1 278 482 1 234 602 1 250 675 1 224 864 1 260 836 1 247 980
Geothermal 23 190 23 839 25 752 28 654 28 739 29 324 29 860 30 239
Solar photovoltaic 18 121 724 3 615 5 202 7 026 11 760 18 790
Solar thermal 663 824 526 597 551 685 898 920
Tide/wave/ocean 597 601 605 565 550 549 546 524
Wind 3 844 7 342 28 534 93 640 116 884 149 475 187 639 215 381
Municipal waste (renewable) 9 132 13 173 18 815 25 471 26 917 28 885 29 281 28 402
Solid biomass 93 335 72 780 82 292 107 986 112 674 117 184 121 347 124 796
Biogas/liquid biomass 3 648 6 157 13 097 25 275 28 545 32 309 34 615 39 899
Non-renewable waste 16 642 22 378 31 841 32 520 33 881 34 666 34 474 31 658
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste 7 665 9 399 13 532 9 549 9 300 9 093 8 620 6 674
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 8 977 12 979 18 309 22 971 24 581 25 573 25 854 24 984
Memo: total waste *** 25 774 35 551 50 656 57 991 60 798 63 551 63 755 60 060

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.211

Australia
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 86 226 92 556 108 111 119 592 122 329 124 459 130 113 131 160
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.1 6.2 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.2
Renewables 5 074 5 531 6 353 6 477 6 646 6 852 6 919 6 713
% contribution 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.1
Hydro 1 217 1 366 1 407 1 312 1 350 1 228 1 024 994
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 2 4 8 9 11 13 13
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 81 80 82 63 58 143 156 197
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 5 76 147 225 339 327
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 3 776 4 067 4 718 4 771 4 759 4 863 4 964 4 692
Biogasoline - - - 11 38 42 75 106
Biodiesel - - - - 19 62 40 68
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - 16 138 236 265 278 307 317

Non-renewable waste 185 187 179 102 104 101 103 103
% contribution 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Industrial waste 185 187 179 102 104 101 103 103
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** 185 187 179 102 104 101 103 103

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 154 287 172 808 209 870 245 216 247 012 250 816 257 099 246 195
% contribution of renewables and wastes 9.7 9.6 8.4 7.4 7.9 7.6 7.1 7.1
Renewables 14 898 16 634 17 596 18 108 19 487 19 028 18 214 17 596
% contribution 9.7 9.6 8.4 7.4 7.9 7.6 7.1 7.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 14 148 15 885 16 360 15 257 15 701 14 279 11 909 11 558
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 19 44 90 105 123 156 152
Solar thermal - - - 1 1 4 4 4
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 7 58 885 1 713 2 611 3 941 3 806
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 750 670 685 1 110 1 095 1 100 1 203 1 203
Biogas/liquid biomass - 53 449 765 872 911 1 001 873
Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.212 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Austria
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 24 782 26 696 28 516 33 991 33 692 33 252 33 246 32 423
% contribution of renewables and wastes 21.0 22.8 24.0 22.5 23.7 25.8 27.1 28.1
Renewables 5 013 5 852 6 586 7 209 7 477 8 089 8 476 8 715
% contribution 20.2 21.9 23.1 21.2 22.2 24.3 25.5 26.9
Hydro 2 710 3 188 3 598 3 120 2 966 3 154 3 263 3 357
Geothermal (transformation *) - 2e 18 e 29 29 27 33 34
Geothermal (direct use **) 4 3e 5e 6 6 6 6 6
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - 2 2 2 2 2
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 15 36 64 91 99 106 115 124
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 6 114 151 175 173 211
Municipal waste (renewable) 22 35 41 96 125 123 113 117
Solid biomass 2 257 2 557 2 807 3 482 3 620 3 899 4 078 4 088
Biogasoline - - - - - 14 58 60
Biodiesel - - - 35 246 279 274 337
Other liquid biomass 6 11 17 42 62 88 112 120
Biogas - 20 30 192 171 217 248 257

Non-renewable waste 193 225 250 443 505 480 532 401
% contribution 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.2
Industrial waste 157 167 183 345 365 354 438 304
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 36 58 67 98 140 126 94 97
Memo: total waste *** 215 261 291 539 630 603 645 518

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 49 296 55 179 59 859 63 922 60 754 62 277 64 369 65 542
% contribution of renewables and wastes 66.3 70.6 72.9 63.8 66.0 69.8 69.9 72.2
Renewables 32 635 38 904 43 522 40 452 39 670 43 059 44 557 46 800
% contribution 66.2 70.5 72.7 63.3 65.3 69.1 69.2 71.4
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 31 509 37 067 41 840 36 281 34 491 36 671 37 946 39 038
Geothermal - - - 2 3 2 2 2
Solar photovoltaic - 1 3 21 22 24 28 21
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 67 1 328 1 752 2 036 2 014 2 452
Municipal waste (renewable) 10 15 24 272 343 358 303 351
Solid biomass 1 116 1 766 1 517 1 930 2 542 3 062 3 259 4 328
Biogas/liquid biomass - 54 71 618 517 906 1 005 608
Non-renewable waste 54 72 118 312 405 420 450 520
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
Industrial waste 38 48 72 247 235 273 390 451
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 16 24 46 65 170 147 60 69
Memo: total waste *** 64 87 142 584 748 778 753 871

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.213

Belgium
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 48 284 53 766 58 508 58 685 58 112 57 025 58 583 55 758
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.8
Renewables 481 528 638 1 156 1 365 1 524 1 821 2 033
% contribution 1.0 1.0 1.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.6
Hydro 23 29 40 25 31 33 35 35
Geothermal (transformation *) 2 3 3 2 4 3 3 3
Geothermal (direct use **) - - 1 1 - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - 1 4 14
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 1 1 1 3 3 5 6 6
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 1 1 20 31 e 42 55 84
Municipal waste (renewable) 112 129 141 187 184 135 202 202
Solid biomass 336 354 423 808 973 1 083 1 288 1 288
Biogasoline - - - - - - 12 38
Biodiesel - - - - - 90 88 234
Other liquid biomass - - - 18 58 51 42 42
Biogas 6 11 29 93 80 81 86 86

Non-renewable waste 300 409 443 502 601 623 650 650
% contribution 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2
Industrial waste 131 215 261 200 197 390 291 291
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 169 194 182 302 404 234 359 359
Memo: total waste *** 412 538 584 689 785 758 852 852

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 70 292 73 516 82 773 85 709 84 348 87 526 83 583 89 681
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.4 1.9 2.2 3.2 4.5 5.2 6.6 7.0
Renewables 555 668 1 044 2 106 2 952 3 486 4 418 5 143
% contribution 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.5 3.5 4.0 5.3 5.7
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 266 338 460 288 359 389 410 411
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - 1 2 6 42 164
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 7 9 16 227 366 491 637 981
Municipal waste (renewable) 140 e 187 e 306 326 319 297 370 399
Solid biomass 135 121 164 960 1 406 1 818 2 485 2 678
Biogas/liquid biomass 7 13 98 304 500 485 474 510
Non-renewable waste 441 721 768 660 880 1 041 1 064 1 146
% contribution 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.3
Industrial waste 231 441 385 136 109 533 405 436
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 210 e 280 e 383 524 e 771 508 659 710
Memo: total waste *** 581 e 908 e 1 074 986 e 1 199 1 338 1 434 1 545

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.214 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Canada
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 208 680 230 915 251 442 272 343 268 620 272 100 266 771 250 047
% contribution of renewables and wastes 16.2 16.8 16.9 16.0 15.8 16.3 17.0 17.0
Renewables 33 724 38 734 42 422 43 548 42 378 44 093 45 200 42 299
% contribution 16.2 16.8 16.9 16.0 15.8 16.2 16.9 16.9
Hydro 25 519 28 889 30 832 31 272 30 560 31 880 32 892 31 554
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - 1e 1 2 2 3 3
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Wind - 5 23 127 215 260 328 325
Municipal waste (renewable) 60 77 77 77 73 73 73 73
Solid biomass 8 136 9 747 11 167 11 706 11 197 11 046 11 044 9 512
Biogasoline - - 133 170 138 661 689 669
Biodiesel - - - - - 1 1 1
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 7 12 186 192 192 167 166 158

Non-renewable waste 70 128 117 126 128 128 142 148


% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
Industrial waste 37 86 76 85 89 89 103 109
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 32 42 42 42 39 39 39 39
Memo: total waste *** 130 205 194 203 202 202 216 222

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 482 041 560 005 605 596 626 033 615 856 641 991 651 213 622 519
% contribution of renewables and wastes 62.4 61.0 60.6 59.8 59.5 59.5 60.6 60.8
Renewables 300 691 341 626 366 993 374 272 366 559 382 174 394 754 378 686
% contribution 62.4 61.0 60.6 59.8 59.5 59.5 60.6 60.8
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 296 737 335 923 358 509 363 625 355 344 370 694 382 469 366 910
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 4 16 e 17 21 26 33 33
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean 26 33 32 31 31 30 33 33
Wind - 59 264 1 471 2 500 3 024 3 819 3 781
Municipal waste (renewable) 76 e 99 e 99 e 99 102 102 e 102 e 96
Solid biomass 3 829 5 465 7 365 8 298 7 830 7 528 7 528 7 106
Biogas/liquid biomass 23 43 708 731 731 770 770 727
Non-renewable waste 41 54 54 54 55 55 55 52
% contribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 41 e 54 e 54 e 54 55 55 e 55 e 52
Memo: total waste *** 117 e 153 e 153 e 153 157 157 e 157 e 148

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.215

Czech Republic
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 48 755 40 898 40 252 44 904 45 841 45 778 44 632 43 431
% contribution of renewables and wastes 0.2 1.5 2.0 4.4 4.6 5.0 5.4 6.4
Renewables 100 604 614 1 785 1 933 2 139 2 211 2 574
% contribution 0.2 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.2 4.7 5.0 5.9
Hydro 100 172 151 205 219 180 174 209
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - 1 8
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - 2 3 4 5 7
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 2 4 11 21 25
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 44 58 57 57 57 59
Solid biomass .. 382 319 1 460 1 568 1 782 1 753 1 931
Biogasoline - - - - 1 1 34 59
Biodiesel - 16 64 3 17 29 75 141
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - 34 36 56 63 76 90 137

Non-renewable waste .. 28 176 170 155 165 187 197


% contribution - 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Industrial waste .. 28 132 131 117 127 144 158
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 44 39 38 38 43 40
Memo: total waste *** .. 28 220 228 212 222 244 257

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 62 271 60 575 72 911 81 931 83 654 87 764 83 166 81 700
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.9 4.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 3.9 4.5 5.6
Renewables 1 161 2 407 2 277 3 132 3 520 3 410 3 731 4 598
% contribution 1.9 4.0 3.1 3.8 4.2 3.9 4.5 5.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 161 2 002 1 758 2 380 2 550 2 089 2 024 2 433
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - 1 2 13 89
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 21 49 125 245 288
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 2 11 12 11 11 12
Solid biomass .. 302 382 560 731 968 1 171 1 436
Biogas/liquid biomass .. 103 135 160 177 215 267 340
Non-renewable waste .. 16 204 7 7 8 10 10
% contribution - 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste .. 16 201 - - - 2 2
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 3 7 7 8 8 8
Memo: total waste *** .. 16 206 18 19 19 21 22

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.216 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Denmark
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 17 342 19 431 18 583 18 803 20 196 19 656 19 010 17 840
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.9 7.9 11.4 17.2 16.2 18.2 18.9 20.1
Renewables 1 080 1 324 1 825 2 855 2 903 3 183 3 202 3 219
% contribution 6.2 6.8 9.8 15.2 14.4 16.2 16.8 18.0
Hydro 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2
Geothermal (transformation *) 2e 2e 3e 3 13 14 21 21
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - 1 1 1 1 1 1
Solar thermal (direct use **) 2 5 7 9 9 10 11 11
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 52 101 365 569 525 617 596 578
Municipal waste (renewable) 251 332 427 531 540 550 562 534
Solid biomass 752 839 950 1 649 1 716 1 890 1 902 1 962
Biogasoline - - - - 4 6 5 4
Biodiesel - - - - - - - -
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - 8 8
Biogas 18 42 70 91 94 93 94 99

Non-renewable waste 119 215 299 372 378 385 394 374
% contribution 0.7 1.1 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 119 215 299 372 378 385 394 374
Memo: total waste *** 370 547 726 902 918 935 956 909

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 25 977 36 654 36 050 36 244 45 608 39 157 36 391 36 208
% contribution of renewables and wastes 3.3 5.8 17.0 29.3 22.0 28.3 29.9 29.5
Renewables 828 1 884 5 619 9 880 9 271 10 339 10 107 9 964
% contribution 3.2 5.1 15.6 27.3 20.3 26.4 27.8 27.5
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 28 30 30 23 23 28 26 19
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - 1 2 2 2 3 3
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 610 1 177 4 241 6 614 6 108 7 171 6 928 6 721
Municipal waste (renewable) 42 e 361 727 1 066 1 076 1 039 1 097 1 042
Solid biomass 108 208 411 1 894 1 778 1 828 1 804 1 924
Biogas/liquid biomass 40 108 209 281 284 271 249 255
Non-renewable waste 20 234 509 748 754 728 769 729
% contribution 0.1 0.6 1.4 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.0
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 20 e 234 509 748 754 728 769 729
Memo: total waste *** 62 e 595 1 236 1 814 1 830 1 767 1 866 1 771

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.217

Finland
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 28 381 28 920 32 109 34 092 37 122 36 629 35 255 33 001
% contribution of renewables and wastes 19.4 21.2 24.8 24.0 23.6 23.8 26.1 24.5
Renewables 5 489 6 127 7 723 8 080 8 680 8 637 9 081 7 969
% contribution 19.3 21.2 24.1 23.7 23.4 23.6 25.8 24.1
Hydro 934 1 112 1 261 1 185 988 1 219 1 472 1 093
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - 1
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - 1 1 1 1
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 7 15 13 16 22 24
Municipal waste (renewable) 11 7 27 108 91 119 141 143
Solid biomass 4 544 5 007 6 409 6 729 7 549 7 238 7 324 6 518
Biogasoline - - - - 1 1 66 78
Biodiesel - - - - - - 10 65
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - 18 42 36 42 45 46

Non-renewable waste 7 5 225 101 95 99 116 110


% contribution 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste - - 207 52 53 47 48 48
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 7 5 18 49 43 52 68 62
Memo: total waste *** 19 12 252 210 186 218 258 253

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 54 377 64 035 69 991 70 550 82 304 81 246 77 436 71 567
% contribution of renewables and wastes 29.5 30.5 33.7 33.5 27.4 30.1 36.1 30.5
Renewables 16 015 19 545 23 273 23 448 22 424 24 303 27 815 21 679
% contribution 29.5 30.5 33.3 33.2 27.2 29.9 35.9 30.3
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 10 859 12 925 14 660 13 784 11 494 14 177 17 112 12 715
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 1 2 3 3 4 4 6
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 11 78 170 156 188 261 276
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 35 e 230 205 287 294 300
Solid biomass 5 156 6 608 8 476 9 239 10 539 9 618 10 057 8 292
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 22 22 27 29 87 90
Non-renewable waste - - 348 173 136 168 175 180
% contribution - - 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
Industrial waste - - 324 56 46 47 39 40
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 24 e 117 90 121 136 140
Memo: total waste *** - - 383 e 403 341 455 469 480

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.218 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

France
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 223 889 236 664 251 867 270 337 266 941 263 890 266 495 253 012
% contribution of renewables and wastes 7.1 7.5 6.7 6.1 6.4 6.9 7.6 8.1
Renewables 15 219 17 025 15 888 15 275 15 904 16 963 18 978 19 223
% contribution 6.8 7.2 6.3 5.7 6.0 6.4 7.1 7.6
Hydro 4 627 6 272 5 774 4 450 4 830 4 997 5 480 4 894
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) 110 132 126 130 114 109 114 119
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - 1 1 1 4 14
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 19 20 17 21 28 35 44 52
Tide/wave/ocean 49 49 49 46 45 45 44 42
Wind - - 7 83 188 349 489 667
Municipal waste (renewable) 573 721 928 1 139 1 099 1 136 1 164 1 207
Solid biomass 9 767 9 587 8 432 8 670 8 499 8 425 8 917 9 403
Biogasoline - 24 58 70 104 279 410 451
Biodiesel - 138 279 329 623 1 168 1 860 2 076
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 72 82 218 335 373 419 452 298

Non-renewable waste 573 721 928 1 139 1 099 1 136 1 164 1 207
% contribution 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 573 721 928 1 139 1 099 1 136 1 164 1 207
Memo: total waste *** 1 146 1 442 1 857 2 278 2 199 2 272 2 327 2 415

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 417 206 491 068 536 054 571 498 569 327 564 352 570 269 537 027
% contribution of renewables and wastes 13.4 15.4 13.3 10.2 11.2 12.1 13.3 13.3
Renewables 55 786 75 321 70 272 56 629 62 245 66 482 73 973 69 393
% contribution 13.4 15.3 13.1 9.9 10.9 11.8 13.0 12.9
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 53 804 72 925 67 137 51 747 56 161 58 104 63 726 56 909
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 1 5 10 12 16 41 164
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean 571 568 573 534 519 519 513 491
Wind - 5 77 962 2 182 4 060 5 689 7 750
Municipal waste (renewable) 222 e 371 1 081 1 641 1 594 1 793 1 888 1 924
Solid biomass 1 116 1 368 1 090 1 257 1 250 1 364 1 433 1 460
Biogas/liquid biomass 73 83 309 478 527 626 683 695
Non-renewable waste 221 371 1 081 1 641 1 594 1 793 1 888 1 924
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 221 e 371 1 081 1 641 1 594 1 793 1 888 1 924
Memo: total waste *** 443 e 742 2 162 3 282 3 188 3 586 3 776 3 848

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.219

Germany
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 351 404 337 052 337 291 338 695 341 237 332 899 335 284 318 828
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.8 2.2 3.2 5.2 6.1 8.9 8.9 10.0
Renewables 5 320 6 094 9 090 16 734 19 865 27 028 27 154 28 882
% contribution 1.5 1.8 2.7 4.9 5.8 8.1 8.1 9.1
Hydro 1 499 1 873 1 869 1 684 1 714 1 798 1 801 1 500
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - 22 e 28 e 28 44 80
Geothermal (direct use **) 7 123 123 127 e 153 e 184 202 373
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 1 5 110 191 264 380 533
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 11 38 110 243 281 315 355 407
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 6 147 e 804 2 342 2 641 3 415 3 489 3 252
Municipal waste (renewable) 561 588 709 831 919 2 466 2 461 2 603
Solid biomass 2 943 2 961 4 691 7 816 8 473 9 804 10 398 10 961
Biogasoline - - - 166 328 295 397 576
Biodiesel - 31 222 1 781 3 145 3 531 2 685 2 321
Other liquid biomass - - - 281 328 1 250 1 247 1 298
Biogas 292 333 557 1 331 1 665 3 677 3 694 4 979

Non-renewable waste 999 1 436 1 681 835 937 2 757 2 532 3 025
% contribution 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9
Industrial waste 490 901 1 028 5 18 291 71 422
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 509 536 653 831 919 2 466 2 461 2 603
Memo: total waste *** 1 561 2 024 2 390 1 666 1 856 5 223 4 994 5 628

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 547 650 532 814 572 313 613 438 629 388 629 546 631 211 590 743
% contribution of renewables and wastes 4.1 5.9 7.2 10.5 11.8 14.7 15.1 17.2
Renewables 19 093 25 932 35 475 61 625 70 487 87 561 90 311 95 267
% contribution 3.5 4.9 6.2 10.0 11.2 13.9 14.3 16.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 17 426 21 780 21 732 19 581 19 931 20 903 20 942 17 443
Geothermal - - - - - - 18 19
Solar photovoltaic 1 7 60 1 282 2 220 3 075 4 420 6 200
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 71 1 712 9 352 27 229 30 710 39 713 40 574 37 809
Municipal waste (renewable) 1 219 1 348 1 844 3 038 3 639 4 521 4 506 5 050
Solid biomass 129 496 804 4 647 6 518 8 374 8 960 12 957
Biogas/liquid biomass 247 589 1 683 5 848 7 469 10 975 10 891 15 789
Non-renewable waste 3 591 5 263 5 790 3 056 3 709 5 204 4 862 6 523
% contribution 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1
Industrial waste 2 373 3 915 3 946 18 70 683 356 1 473
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 1 218 1 348 1 844 3 038 3 639 4 521 4 506 5 050
Memo: total waste *** 4 810 6 611 7 634 6 094 7 348 9 725 9 368 11 573

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.220 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Greece
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 21 441 22 678 27 086 30 248 30 223 30 217 30 419 29 046
% contribution of renewables and wastes 5.2 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.9 5.7 5.6 6.0
Renewables 1 104 1 289 1 402 1 641 1 781 1 729 1 714 1 749
% contribution 5.2 5.7 5.2 5.4 5.9 5.7 5.6 6.0
Hydro 152 303 318 431 504 223 285 408
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) 3 3 2 10 11 14 17 22
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 56 82 99 101 109 160 173 182
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 3 39 109 146 156 193 171
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 893 897 944 957 931 1 054 943 861
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - 46 86 69 68
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - 1 1 33 33 35 34 36

Non-renewable waste .. 37 64 25 6 6 4 4
% contribution - 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste .. 37 64 25 6 6 4 4
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** .. 37 64 25 6 6 4 4

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 34 775 41 299 53 425 59 427 60 179 62 711 62 912 54 916
% contribution of renewables and wastes 5.1 8.9 8.1 10.9 12.8 7.4 9.2 12.6
Renewables 1 771 3 564 4 144 6 406 7 679 4 594 5 750 6 913
% contribution 5.1 8.6 7.8 10.8 12.8 7.3 9.1 12.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 769 3 529 3 693 5 017 5 865 2 591 3 312 4 741
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - 1 1 1 5 5
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 2 34 451 1 266 1 699 1 818 2 242 1 986
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass - 1 - - - - - -
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - 122 114 184 191 181
Non-renewable waste .. 103 163 100 25 25 19 19
% contribution - 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste .. 103 163 100 25 25 19 19
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** .. 103 163 100 25 25 19 19

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.221

Hungary
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 28 657 25 875 24 999 27 583 27 330 26 728 26 458 24 856
% contribution of renewables and wastes 2.6 3.5 3.4 4.5 4.8 5.4 6.3 7.7
Renewables 746 868 830 1 189 1 232 1 365 1 591 1 838
% contribution 2.6 3.4 3.3 4.3 4.5 5.1 6.0 7.4
Hydro 15 14 15 17 16 18 18 20
Geothermal (transformation *) - 7 6 6 5 5 5 5
Geothermal (direct use **) 86 79 80 80 81 81 91 97
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - 2 2 2 4 5
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 1 4 9 18 28
Municipal waste (renewable) 12 26 29 33 47 54 46 46
Solid biomass 633 743 700 1 040 1 054 1 151 1 220 1 442
Biogasoline - - - 3 11 27 46 46
Biodiesel - - - - - 1 122 123
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - - 7 12 17 22 27

Non-renewable waste 12 26 29 62 74 74 68 69
% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste - - - 29 28 20 22 23
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 12 26 29 33 47 54 46 46
Memo: total waste *** 24 52 58 95 121 128 114 115

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 28 436 34 018 35 191 35 756 35 859 39 960 40 025 35 908
% contribution of renewables and wastes 0.7 0.8 0.8 5.4 4.5 5.1 6.2 8.4
Renewables 195 219 243 1 870 1 493 1 883 2 357 2 889
% contribution 0.7 0.6 0.7 5.2 4.2 4.7 5.9 8.0
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 178 163 178 202 186 210 213 228
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - 1 1
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 10 43 110 205 331
Municipal waste (renewable) 17 e 48 e 55 e 59 94 141 109 111
Solid biomass - 8 10 1 574 1 133 1 374 1 760 2 145
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - 25 37 48 69 73
Non-renewable waste 17 47 55 72 132 146 114 116
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste - - - 13 38 5 5 5
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 17 e 47 e 55 e 59 94 141 109 111
Memo: total waste *** 34 e 95 e 110 e 131 226 287 223 227

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.222 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Iceland
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 2 088 2 253 3 100 3 480 4 159 4 894 5 255 5 522
% contribution of renewables and wastes 67.0 69.5 74.4 75.7 78.4 80.7 82.9 83.4
Renewables 1 400 1 565 2 305 2 635 3 258 3 949 4 353 4 605
% contribution 67.0 69.5 74.4 75.7 78.3 80.7 82.8 83.4
Hydro 362 403 547 604 627 722 1 069 1 056
Geothermal (transformation *) 448 612 1 129 1 444 2 061 2 638 2 766 e 2 989
Geothermal (direct use **) 591 549 629 586 568 586 516 e 558
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (renewable) - 1 1 1 1 3 2 2
Solid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - - - - -
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - - 1 - - - -

Non-renewable waste - 1 1 1 1 3 2 2
% contribution - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - 1 1 1 1 3 2 2
Memo: total waste *** - 1 1 2 2 6 4 4

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 4 510 4 981 7 684 8 686 9 930 11 977 16 468 16 835
% contribution of renewables and wastes 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Renewables 4 504 4 972 7 679 8 681 9 926 11 974 16 466 16 833
% contribution 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 4 204 4 682 6 356 7 019 7 293 8 394 12 427 12 279
Geothermal 300 290 1 323 1 658 2 631 3 579 4 038 4 553
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - 1 1 1 -
Solid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - 4 1 - - 1
Non-renewable waste - - - - - 1 - -
% contribution - - - - - 0.0 - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - 1 - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - 1 2 1 -

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.223

Ireland
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 9 988 10 635 13 699 14 389 14 675 14 996 14 981 14 012
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.8 4.4
Renewables 168 155 235 364 422 466 565 611
% contribution 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.8 4.4
Hydro 60 61 73 54 62 57 83 78
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - 1 3 4 5
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - 1 1 3 4
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 21 96 139 168 207 254
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 105 89 113 178 183 182 178 175
Biogasoline - - - - 1 3 17 21
Biodiesel - - - 1 1 16 35 39
Other liquid biomass - - - - 2 2 3 2
Biogas 2 3 28 34 32 33 35 33

Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 14 229 17 604 23 673 25 626 27 117 27 877 29 354 27 305
% contribution of renewables and wastes 4.9 4.1 5.0 7.3 9.1 9.9 12.1 14.8
Renewables 697 729 1 185 1 873 2 475 2 757 3 540 4 038
% contribution 4.9 4.1 5.0 7.3 9.1 9.9 12.1 14.8
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 697 713 846 631 724 667 969 902
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 16 244 1 112 1 622 1 958 2 410 2 955
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass - - - 8 9 13 33 64
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 95 122 120 119 128 117
Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.224 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Italy
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 146 556 159 131 171 522 183 871 182 100 179 095 176 032 162 713
% contribution of renewables and wastes 4.5 5.0 6.0 6.7 7.3 7.2 8.2 9.7
Renewables 6 472 7 719 10 113 11 625 12 501 12 035 13 599 15 070
% contribution 4.4 4.9 5.9 6.3 6.9 6.7 7.7 9.3
Hydro 2 720 3 249 3 802 3 102 3 181 2 822 3 580 4 088
Geothermal (transformation *) 2 770 2 954 4 045 e 4 577 4 752 4 788 4 746 4 603
Geothermal (direct use **) 201 213 213 e 213 213 213 213 207
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 1 2e 3 3 3 17 65
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 5 7 11 27 35 52 67 86
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 48 202 256 347 418 523
Municipal waste (renewable) 11 62 167 555 641 700 639 604
Solid biomass 764 1 209 1 695 2 444 2 863 2 542 2 771 3 005
Biogasoline - - - - - - 58 117
Biodiesel - - - 179 199 180 665 1 060
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - 17 289
Biogas 1 23 131 324 359 388 410 422

Non-renewable waste 164 162 258 673 766 826 752 719
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4
Industrial waste 153 100 92 117 125 126 113 115
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 11 62 167 555 641 700 639 604
Memo: total waste *** 175 224 425 1 228 1 406 1 525 1 391 1 323

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 213 147 237 364 269 947 296 839 307 690 308 222 313 526 285 705
% contribution of renewables and wastes 16.4 17.5 19.0 16.8 17.0 16.0 19.1 23.7
Renewables 34 905 41 458 50 885 48 438 50 634 47 715 58 162 66 027
% contribution 16.4 17.5 18.8 16.3 16.5 15.5 18.6 23.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 31 626 37 782 44 205 36 067 36 994 32 816 41 623 47 534
Geothermal 3 222 3 436 4 705 5 324 5 527 5 569 5 520 5 347
Solar photovoltaic 4 13 18 e 31 35 38 193 750
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 2 9 563 2 344 2 971 4 034 4 861 6 087
Municipal waste (renewable) 37 e 85 e 402 e 1 309 e 1 458 e 1 512 e 1 556 e 1 431
Solid biomass 12 30 425 2 166 2 313 2 298 2 746 2 827
Biogas/liquid biomass 2 103 567 1 197 1 336 1 448 1 663 2 051
Non-renewable waste 52 171 514 1 480 1 637 1 696 1 699 1 581
% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6
Industrial waste 16 87 112 170 179 184 143 150
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 36 e 84 e 402 e 1 310 e 1 458 e 1 512 e 1 556 e 1 431
Memo: total waste *** 89 e 256 e 916 e 2 789 e 3 095 e 3 208 e 3 255 e 3 012

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.225

Japan
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 439 315 496 258 518 946 520 586 519 842 515 327 495 838 473 685
% contribution of renewables and wastes 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4
Renewables 15 211 15 882 16 630 16 509 17 413 16 470 16 087 15 319
% contribution 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2
Hydro 7 680 7 062 7 504 6 576 7 527 6 365 6 557 6 532
Geothermal (transformation *) 1 497 2 728 2 878 2 773 2 649 2 617 2 366 2 489
Geothermal (direct use **) 79 208 221 217 206 204 202 213
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - 4e 30 e 128 e 154 e 173 e 194 e 194
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 1 168 1 006 808 568 539 509 509 487
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 9 151 190 226 226 295
Municipal waste (renewable) 196 303 489 699 698 699 693 693
Solid biomass 4 537 4 476 4 560 5 254 5 308 5 544 5 213 4 319
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - - - - -
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 54 96 132 143 142 133 128 97

Non-renewable waste 198 305 665 933 1 000 981 976 893
% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 2 3 176 234 302 282 282 200
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 196 303 489 699 698 699 693 693
Memo: total waste *** 394 608 1 154 1 632 1 698 1 680 1 669 1 586

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 835 514 960 284 1 048 984 1 089 910 1 094 773 1 125 493 1 074 958 1 039 721
% contribution of renewables and wastes 12.2 10.2 10.1 9.6 10.7 9.3 9.9 9.7
Renewables 100 663 96 524 103 819 101 403 113 056 100 860 102 362 98 381
% contribution 12.0 10.1 9.9 9.3 10.3 9.0 9.5 9.5
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 89 305 82 118 87 253 76 470 87 524 74 009 76 239 75 951
Geothermal 1 741 3 173 3 348 3 226 3 081 3 043 2 752 2 895
Solar photovoltaic 1 46 e 347 e 1 493 e 1 794 e 2 015 e 2 251 e 2 251
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 109 1 754 2 210 2 624 2 623 3 428
Municipal waste (renewable) 903 e 1 401 e 2 352 e 3 418 e 3 418 e 3 418 e 3 418 e 2 014
Solid biomass 8 713 9 785 10 410 15 042 15 029 15 751 15 079 11 842
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Non-renewable waste 904 1 402 2 451 3 636 3 868 3 844 3 891 2 466
% contribution 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2
Industrial waste - - 97 217 449 425 472 452
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 904 e 1 402 e 2 354 e 3 419 e 3 419 e 3 419 e 3 419 e 2 014
Memo: total waste *** 1 807 e 2 803 e 4 803 e 7 054 e 7 286 e 7 262 e 7 309 e 4 480

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.226 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Korea
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 93 087 144 756 185 657 210 102 213 524 222 146 226 946 228 747
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.4 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
Renewables 1 007 430 758 1 079 1 179 1 322 1 347 1 493
% contribution 1.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7
Hydro 547 237 345 316 298 312 264 242
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - 3 6 11 16 22
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - 1 3 6 25 86
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 10 22 42 35 33 29 28 28
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 1e 11 21 32 37 58
Municipal waste (renewable) 4 18 109 303 323 353 371 386
Solid biomass 428 120 225 318 315 309 292 284
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - 11 40 79 150 223
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 18 33 36 81 140 189 164 165

Non-renewable waste 281 798 1 010 1 430 1 616 1 816 2 019 2 118
% contribution 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9
Industrial waste 279 786 937 1 228 1 400 1 561 1 708 1 790
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 3 12 73 202 215 255 311 328
Memo: total waste *** 285 817 1 119 1 733 1 939 2 169 2 390 2 504

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 105 371 181 139 288 526 387 874 402 270 425 905 443 935 443 174
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.0 1.7 1.4 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1
Renewables 6 362 3 012 4 111 4 052 4 018 4 557 4 375 4 989
% contribution 6.0 1.7 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 6 361 2 760 4 010 3 673 3 468 3 631 3 070 2 813
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic 1 2 5 15 31 70 285 995
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 17 130 239 376 436 680
Municipal waste (renewable) .. - 22 e 71 e 82 e 113 91 64
Solid biomass - 250 46 33 32 25 40 1
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 11 130 166 342 453 436
Non-renewable waste - - 14 60 67 93 83 60
% contribution - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - - 12 12 11 17 17
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 14 e 48 e 55 e 82 66 43
Memo: total waste *** .. - 36 e 131 e 149 e 206 174 124

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.227

Luxembourg
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 3 413 3 153 3 317 4 283 4 308 4 220 4 119 3 898
% contribution of renewables and wastes 0.9 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.8 3.0 2.9
Renewables 15 32 39 52 56 92 98 95
% contribution 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.2 2.4 2.4
Hydro 6 8 10 9 10 9 11 8
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - 2 2 2 2 2
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - 1
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 2 4 5 6 5 6
Municipal waste (renewable) 9 9 10 13 14 14 14 13
Solid biomass - 15 16 15 16 16 16 17
Biogasoline - - - - - 1 1 1
Biodiesel - - - - - 34 36 33
Other liquid biomass - - - 1 1 1 1 1
Biogas - - 1 7 9 10 12 15

Non-renewable waste 16 15 17 23 24 25 24 20
% contribution 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 16 15 17 23 24 25 24 20
Memo: total waste *** 25 23 27 36 38 39 38 33

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 624 487 433 3 351 3 527 3 191 2 724 3 132
% contribution of renewables and wastes 16.7 29.0 46.9 7.3 7.9 9.3 11.8 9.5
Renewables 83 107 170 214 244 254 281 256
% contribution 13.3 22.0 39.3 6.4 6.9 8.0 10.3 8.2
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 70 88 120 99 111 108 132 93
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - 18 21 21 20 20
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 27 52 58 64 61 64
Municipal waste (renewable) 13 e 19 e 19 e 18 21 24 24 26
Solid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 4 27 33 37 44 53
Non-renewable waste 21 34 33 30 36 42 41 40
% contribution 3.4 7.0 7.6 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.3
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 21 e 34 e 33 e 30 36 42 41 40
Memo: total waste *** 34 e 53 e 52 e 48 57 66 65 66

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.228 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Mexico
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 121 267 129 833 144 791 170 140 171 685 176 287 180 605 176 788
% contribution of renewables and wastes 11.4 11.6 11.0 10.0 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.5
Renewables 13 768 15 072 15 915 17 065 16 629 17 092 17 831 16 826
% contribution 11.4 11.6 11.0 10.0 9.7 9.7 9.9 9.5
Hydro 2 019 2 367 2 849 2 379 2 614 2 346 3 369 2 294
Geothermal (transformation *) 4 405 4 874 5 073 6 275 5 747 6 365 6 066 5 794
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - 1 1 1 1 1 1
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - 43 84 93 108 133 157
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 2 2 5 23 23 21
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 7 344 7 830 7 942 8 310 8 154 8 225 8 210 8 533
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - - - - -
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - 6 15 15 25 28 25

Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 115 837 144 672 196 518 243 602 252 014 263 465 258 913 252 773
% contribution of renewables and wastes 24.7 23.0 20.1 15.6 15.7 14.3 18.3 13.7
Renewables 28 604 33 209 39 502 38 060 39 599 37 623 47 312 34 541
% contribution 24.7 23.0 20.1 15.6 15.7 14.3 18.3 13.7
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 23 478 27 528 33 133 27 659 30 394 27 276 39 178 26 677
Geothermal 5 124 5 669 5 901 7 299 6 685 7 404 7 056 6 740
Solar photovoltaic 1 5 7 9 10 9 9 9
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 7 19 19 59 262 269 249
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass - - 433 3 046 2 430 2 622 733 820
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 9 28 21 50 67 46
Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.229

Netherlands
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 65 672 70 696 73 229 78 779 76 777 80 236 79 681 77 227
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.5 1.6 2.5 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.4 5.0
Renewables 725 833 1 254 2 109 2 234 2 334 2 724 3 063
% contribution 1.1 1.2 1.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.4 4.0
Hydro 7 8 12 8 9 9 9 8
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - 2 3
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - 1 3 3 3 3 4
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 2 5 11 19 19 20 21 23
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 5 27 71 178 235 296 366 395
Municipal waste (renewable) 315 369 609 637 636 665 730 735
Solid biomass 335 307 425 806 756 779 956 1 213
Biogasoline - - - - 19 88 109 144
Biodiesel - - - - 23 242 179 231
Other liquid biomass - - - 338 393 59 123 45
Biogas 61 117 124 122 141 173 226 262

Non-renewable waste 230 315 579 718 689 720 759 765
% contribution 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 230 315 579 718 689 720 759 765
Memo: total waste *** 545 684 1 188 1 355 1 324 1 385 1 489 1 501

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 71 938 80 926 89 631 100 219 98 393 105 162 107 645 112 231
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.7 2.5 4.7 8.9 9.7 8.7 10.3 11.1
Renewables 801 1 400 2 994 7 465 8 069 7 607 9 553 10 844
% contribution 1.1 1.7 3.3 7.4 8.2 7.2 8.9 9.7
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 85 88 142 88 106 107 102 98
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 1 8 34 35 35 38 45
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 56 317 829 2 067 2 733 3 438 4 260 4 589
Municipal waste (renewable) 539 705 1 292 1 287 1 333 1 421 1 432 1 526
Solid biomass 34 41 435 2 246 1 840 1 970 2 563 3 615
Biogas/liquid biomass 87 248 288 1 743 2 022 636 1 158 971
Non-renewable waste 394 602 1 228 1 451 1 443 1 539 1 490 1 588
% contribution 0.5 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 394 602 1 228 1 451 1 443 1 539 1 490 1 588
Memo: total waste *** 933 1 307 2 520 2 738 2 776 2 960 2 922 3 114

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.230 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

New Zealand
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 12 697 14 754 16 685 16 234 16 604 16 690 16 935 18 082
% contribution of renewables and wastes 32.4 31.2 29.0 31.1 31.1 31.8 33.1 36.5
Renewables 4 119 4 598 4 839 5 048 5 158 5 311 5 611 6 595
% contribution 32.4 31.2 29.0 31.1 31.1 31.8 33.1 36.5
Hydro 1 994 2 368 2 101 2 006 2 027 2 033 1 919 2 081
Geothermal (transformation *) 1 307 1 310 1 638 1 757 1 838 1 936 2 327 2 721
Geothermal (direct use **) 272 323 226 231 232 234 233 273
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - 6 6 7 8 8
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 10 53 53 80 91 127
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 524 534 834 930 928 951 965 1 316
Biogasoline - - - - - - - 2
Biodiesel - - - - - - - 1
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 23 62 30 64 72 70 68 67

Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 32 262 35 994 39 246 42 953 43 596 43 745 43 775 43 380
% contribution of renewables and wastes 80.0 84.0 71.5 64.3 64.5 65.6 64.2 71.6
Renewables 25 814 30 239 28 062 27 601 28 111 28 682 28 124 31 041
% contribution 80.0 84.0 71.5 64.3 64.5 65.6 64.2 71.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 23 183 27 532 24 433 23 325 23 571 23 639 22 312 24 201
Geothermal 2 131 2 161 2 922 3 159 3 368 3 555 4 200 4 814
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 120 614 622 929 1 057 1 471
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 360 360 478 296 320 336 340 346
Biogas/liquid biomass 140 185 109 207 230 223 215 209
Non-renewable waste - - - - - - - -
% contribution - - - - - - - -
Industrial waste - - - - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - - - - - - -

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.231

Norway
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 21 003 23 424 25 866 26 739 27 092 27 451 29 670 26 509
% contribution of renewables and wastes 54.5 49.4 51.5 48.9 43.0 47.0 45.3 46.2
Renewables 11 396 11 516 13 238 12 964 11 544 12 776 13 350 12 185
% contribution 54.3 49.2 51.2 48.5 42.6 46.5 45.0 46.0
Hydro 10 418 10 435 11 947 11 667 10 264 11 494 12 002 10 857
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 3 44 55 77 79 84
Municipal waste (renewable) 54 57 64 95 97 102 145 131
Solid biomass 923 1 006 1 199 1 133 1 098 1 073 1 091 1 079
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - 4 4 7 7
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - 16 26 25 26 25 27 27

Non-renewable waste 54 61 75 107 111 116 89 72


% contribution 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste - 4 11 12 14 16 15 15
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 54 57 64 95 97 101 73 56
Memo: total waste *** 108 118 140 202 209 218 234 203

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 121 611 122 055 139 608 137 229 121 205 136 112 141 701 131 963
% contribution of renewables and wastes 99.8 99.7 99.7 99.5 99.4 99.2 99.5 96.6
Renewables 121 358 121 642 139 202 136 504 120 376 134 934 140 877 127 469
% contribution 99.8 99.7 99.7 99.5 99.3 99.1 99.4 96.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 121 145 121 343 138 915 135 665 119 351 133 656 139 554 126 241
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 10 31 506 637 892 917 981
Municipal waste (renewable) 29 e 24 e 30 e 43 55 59 75 68
Solid biomass 184 265 226 290 333 314 325 167
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - - - 13 6 12
Non-renewable waste 29 24 30 49 61 67 47 40
% contribution 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - - 6 5 11 10 6
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 29 e 24 e 30 e 43 56 56 37 34
Memo: total waste *** 58 e 48 e 60 e 92 116 126 122 108

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.232 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Poland
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 103 105 99 472 89 116 92 377 97 295 96 995 97 881 93 563
% contribution of renewables and wastes 2.3 4.8 4.8 5.4 5.7 5.8 6.3 6.7
Renewables 1 579 3 923 3 801 4 484 4 955 5 116 5 595 5 758
% contribution 1.5 3.9 4.3 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.7 6.2
Hydro 122 162 181 189 176 202 185 207
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - 3 11 13 10 13 13
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - 1 1
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 12 22 45 72 94
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 1 1 1 1 - 1
Solid biomass 1 448 3 748 3 587 4 165 4 586 4 686 4 750 4 752
Biogasoline - - - 38 61 80 126 149
Biodiesel - - - 13 29 24 311 402
Other liquid biomass - - - 2 5 3 5 47
Biogas 9 13 29 54 62 65 132 93

Non-renewable waste 772 838 448 470 619 544 567 526
% contribution 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Industrial waste 772 838 447 452 580 502 548 496
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 1 17 39 42 19 31
Memo: total waste *** 772 838 449 470 619 545 567 527

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 134 415 137 042 143 174 155 359 160 764 158 761 155 582 151 023
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.3 5.8
Renewables 1 472 1 955 2 332 3 846 4 309 5 429 6 440 8 453
% contribution 1.1 1.4 1.6 2.5 2.7 3.4 4.1 5.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 417 1 887 2 106 2 201 2 042 2 352 2 152 2 409
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 5 135 256 522 837 1 093
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 55 54 190 1 399 1 851 2 360 3 200 4 700
Biogas/liquid biomass - 13 31 111 160 195 251 251
Non-renewable waste 203 297 331 393 381 335 284 287
% contribution 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 203 297 331 393 381 335 277 280
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - 7 7
Memo: total waste *** 203 297 331 393 381 335 284 287

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.233

Portugal
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 16 739 20 211 24 673 26 436 24 659 25 065 24 159 23 851
% contribution of renewables and wastes 19.6 16.4 15.6 13.6 17.5 18.3 18.3 21.2
Renewables 3 278 3 318 3 759 3 474 4 219 4 490 4 333 4 957
% contribution 19.6 16.4 15.2 13.1 17.1 17.9 17.9 20.8
Hydro 788 717 974 407 946 868 585 705
Geothermal (transformation *) 3 37 69 65 77 183 175 157
Geothermal (direct use **) - 1 1 1 10 10 10 10
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - 2 3 14
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 11 15 18 22 24 26 30 35
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - 1 14 152 252 347 495 651
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 87 103 100 94 91 99
Solid biomass 2 476 2 546 2 594 2 713 2 731 2 807 2 788 3 027
Biogasoline - - - - - - - -
Biodiesel - - - - 70 134 129 232
Other liquid biomass - - - - - 3 4 4
Biogas - 1 1 10 9 16 23 24

Non-renewable waste - - 87 109 106 100 96 104


% contribution - - 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Industrial waste - - - 5 6 6 4 4
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 87 103 100 94 91 99
Memo: total waste *** - - 174 212 206 194 187 203

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 28 355 33 154 43 372 46 188 48 576 46 896 45 471 49 167
% contribution of renewables and wastes 34.7 28.3 30.3 18.5 33.0 35.2 32.8 37.7
Renewables 9 852 9 390 12 868 8 260 15 722 16 218 14 638 18 229
% contribution 34.7 28.3 29.7 17.9 32.4 34.6 32.2 37.1
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 9 157 8 343 11 323 4 731 11 002 10 092 6 798 8 195
Geothermal 4 42 80 71 85 201 192 182
Solar photovoltaic 1 1 1 3 5 24 38 160
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 16 168 1 773 2 925 4 037 5 757 7 573
Municipal waste (renewable) - - 257 e 296 293 276 281 290
Solid biomass 689 987 1 037 1 351 1 380 1 530 1 501 1 749
Biogas/liquid biomass - 1 2 35 32 58 71 80
Non-renewable waste - - 257 305 306 286 290 298
% contribution - - 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Industrial waste - - - 9 13 10 9 8
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - 257 e 296 293 276 281 290
Memo: total waste *** - - 514 e 601 599 562 571 588

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.234 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Slovak Republic
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 21 327 17 778 17 743 18 830 18 640 17 849 18 304 17 050
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.6 4.0 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.7 5.7 5.8
Renewables 328 497 488 809 835 972 991 949
% contribution 1.5 2.8 2.8 4.3 4.5 5.4 5.4 5.6
Hydro 162 420 397 399 378 383 347 384
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - 7 8 9 7 9
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - 1 2 2 2 2
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 1 1 1 1 -
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - 17 21 19 25 24
Solid biomass 166 78 91 368 373 461 473 454
Biogasoline - - - - 1 12 26 24
Biodiesel - - - 10 43 78 101 43
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - - 5 8 7 10 9

Non-renewable waste 8 210 322 50 42 52 50 45


% contribution 0.0 1.2 1.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste 8 210 322 33 21 33 29 24
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - 17 21 19 21 21
Memo: total waste *** 8 210 322 68 63 71 75 69

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 25 497 26 428 30 798 31 352 31 251 27 892 28 760 25 979
% contribution of renewables and wastes 7.4 18.5 15.1 15.0 15.4 17.8 15.9 19.1
Renewables 1 880 4 880 4 615 4 676 4 803 4 934 4 563 4 946
% contribution 7.4 18.5 15.0 14.9 15.4 17.7 15.9 19.0
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 1 880 4 880 4 615 4 638 4 399 4 451 4 039 4 462
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 6 6 8 7 5
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - 23 e 23 e 22 22 20
Solid biomass - - - 4 367 441 480 445
Biogas/liquid biomass - - - 5 8 12 15 14
Non-renewable waste - - 32 24 25 24 18 17
% contribution - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Industrial waste - - 32 - 1 1 1 1
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - 24 e 24 e 23 17 16
Memo: total waste *** - - 32 47 e 48 e 46 40 37

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.235

Spain
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 90 087 100 820 121 949 141 831 141 480 143 870 138 793 128 193
% contribution of renewables and wastes 6.9 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.6 7.1 7.9 9.5
Renewables 6 193 5 509 6 930 8 371 9 132 9 974 10 620 11 939
% contribution 6.9 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.5 6.9 7.7 9.3
Hydro 2 186 1 988 2 543 e 1 537 e 2 227 2 342 2 021 2 257
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - 3 8 8 8 8 8 9
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) 1 1 2 4 10 43 220 525
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - 2 4 4
Solar thermal (direct use **) - 25 31 61 73 93 128 160
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 23 407 1 821 e 2 004 2 371 2 769 3 149
Municipal waste (renewable) 41 94 115 189 252 309 328 196
Solid biomass 3 955 3 300 3 623 4 175 4 205 4 231 4 338 4 383
Biogasoline - - - 113 115 115 116 151
Biodiesel - - 72 146 57 271 483 891
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 10 75 131 317 182 190 203 215

Non-renewable waste 61 214 190 189 252 309 328 196


% contribution 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 20 120 75 - - - - -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 41 94 115 189 252 309 328 196
Memo: total waste *** 101 308 304 378 504 618 656 392

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 151 150 165 628 222 235 288 924 295 513 301 763 311 134 291 492
% contribution of renewables and wastes 17.3 14.9 16.4 14.6 17.8 19.5 20.0 25.1
Renewables 25 976 24 408 35 808 41 742 52 080 58 207 61 536 72 430
% contribution 17.2 14.7 16.1 14.4 17.6 19.3 19.8 24.8
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 25 414 23 112 29 570 e 17 872 25 890 27 233 23 500 26 248
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic 6 15 18 41 119 500 2 562 6 103
Solar thermal - - - - - 8 16 38
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 14 270 4 727 21 176 23 297 27 568 32 203 36 615
Municipal waste (renewable) 80 e 196 e 334 e 451 e 601 737 782 786
Solid biomass 462 668 841 1 579 1 573 1 553 1 888 2 020
Biogas/liquid biomass - 147 318 623 600 608 585 620
Non-renewable waste 130 313 607 451 601 737 782 786
% contribution 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Industrial waste 50 118 274 .. .. .. .. -
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 80 e 195 e 333 e 451 e 601 737 782 786
Memo: total waste *** 210 e 509 e 941 e 902 e 1 202 1 474 1 564 1 572

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.236 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Sweden
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 47 198 50 333 47 556 51 537 50 184 50 031 49 592 43 494
% contribution of renewables and wastes 24.9 26.0 31.7 29.7 29.7 31.4 32.4 35.2
Renewables 11 530 12 836 14 741 14 825 14 387 15 293 15 627 14 858
% contribution 24.4 25.5 31.0 28.8 28.7 30.6 31.5 34.2
Hydro 6 235 5 857 6 758 6 261 5 308 5 690 5 940 5 601
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 3 5 5 6 6 9 9 10
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 9 39 80 85 123 172 214
Municipal waste (renewable) 140 158 199 294 306 553 635 677
Solid biomass 5 152 6 782 7 706 7 935 8 331 8 439 8 305 7 758
Biogasoline - - - 128 144 182 214 198
Biodiesel - - - 7 43 102 138 162
Other liquid biomass - - - 83 131 145 112 109
Biogas - 25 32 30 32 48 102 128

Non-renewable waste 215 239 324 482 519 400 434 471
% contribution 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.1
Industrial waste 5 2 25 41 60 31 11 20
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 210 237 299 441 459 369 423 451
Memo: total waste *** 355 397 524 777 824 954 1 069 1 148

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 145 984 148 293 145 231 158 365 143 286 148 823 149 894 133 539
% contribution of renewables and wastes 51.0 47.6 57.4 51.8 50.3 52.6 54.9 59.6
Renewables 74 452 70 556 83 140 81 232 71 071 77 428 81 406 78 736
% contribution 51.0 47.6 57.2 51.3 49.6 52.0 54.3 59.0
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 72 503 68 102 78 584 72 803 61 723 66 159 69 069 65 124
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - 1 1 2 2 3 4 5
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 6 99 457 936 987 1 430 1 996 2 485
Municipal waste (renewable) 41 46 96 524 568 1 109 1 269 1 085
Solid biomass 1 902 2 278 3 970 6 848 7 503 8 496 8 932 9 889
Biogas/liquid biomass - 30 32 119 288 231 136 148
Non-renewable waste 62 70 244 866 996 820 888 795
% contribution 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
Industrial waste - - 101 81 145 78 42 72
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 62 70 143 785 851 742 846 723
Memo: total waste *** 103 116 340 1 390 1 564 1 929 2 157 1 880

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.237

Switzerland
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 24 039 23 808 24 625 25 846 26 965 25 724 26 701 26 917
% contribution of renewables and wastes 15.8 18.7 19.2 18.6 18.0 20.7 20.6 20.4
Renewables 3 493 4 078 4 230 4 090 4 126 4 551 4 728 4 756
% contribution 14.5 17.1 17.2 15.8 15.3 17.7 17.7 17.7
Hydro 2 562 3 025 3 168 2 685 2 662 3 032 3 099 3 072
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) 61 78 91 137 151 163 193 229
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - 1 2 2 2 3 3
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 8 15 23 25 26 27 30 33
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - - 1 1 1 2 2
Municipal waste (renewable) 140 173 218 419 448 500 471 487
Solid biomass 684 734 670 757 768 752 854 861
Biogasoline - - - 1 1 2 2 1
Biodiesel - - - 5 6 8 8 6
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 38 52 59 58 60 63 66 62

Non-renewable waste 301 375 489 707 741 776 761 740
% contribution 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.7 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.7
Industrial waste 160 202 271 288 293 276 290 253
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 140 173 218 419 448 500 471 487
Memo: total waste *** 441 549 706 1 126 1 189 1 276 1 232 1 227

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 54 988 62 249 66 126 57 752 62 114 66 463 67 085 66 810
% contribution of renewables and wastes 55.6 58.3 58.4 57.7 53.7 56.6 57.4 57.2
Renewables 30 234 35 749 37 690 32 276 32 135 36 482 37 331 37 038
% contribution 55.0 57.4 57.0 55.9 51.7 54.9 55.6 55.4
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 29 795 35 169 36 834 31 226 30 959 35 250 36 036 35 723
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic 1 5 11 19 23 27 34 34
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 3 8 15 16 19 19
Municipal waste (renewable) 318 411 634 797 908 890 912 926
Solid biomass 40 41 58 77 72 128 150 153
Biogas/liquid biomass 80 123 150 149 158 171 180 183
Non-renewable waste 362 517 904 1 075 1 192 1 120 1 156 1 174
% contribution 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8
Industrial waste 44 106 270 278 284 230 244 248
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 318 411 634 797 908 890 912 926
Memo: total waste *** 680 928 1 538 1 872 2 100 2 010 2 068 2 100

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.238 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

Turkey
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 52 756 61 545 76 348 84 379 93 035 100 005 98 502 92 155
% contribution of renewables and wastes 18.3 17.5 13.3 12.0 11.2 9.6 9.5 10.6
Renewables 9 657 10 775 10 101 10 130 10 356 9 602 9 310 9 717
% contribution 18.3 17.5 13.2 12.0 11.1 9.6 9.5 10.5
Hydro 1 991 3 057 2 656 3 402 3 805 3 083 2 861 3 086
Geothermal (transformation *) 69 74 65 81 81 134 140 175
Geothermal (direct use **) 364 437 618 926 898 914 1 011 1 268
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 28 143 262 385 402 420 420 429
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 3 5 11 31 73 128
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass 7 205 7 065 6 492 5 324 5 132 4 993 4 764 4 597
Biogasoline - - - - - - 6 6
Biodiesel - - - - 19 12 9 1
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas - - 5 7 8 15 26 29

Non-renewable waste - - 15 25 28 34 22 25
% contribution - - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - 15 25 28 34 22 25
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - 15 25 28 34 22 25

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 57 543 86 247 124 922 161 956 176 299 191 558 198 418 194 060
% contribution of renewables and wastes 40.4 41.6 25.0 24.6 25.3 19.1 17.4 19.6
Renewables 23 228 35 849 31 154 39 748 44 522 36 457 34 421 38 033
% contribution 40.4 41.6 24.9 24.5 25.3 19.0 17.3 19.6
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 23 148 35 541 30 879 39 561 44 244 35 851 33 270 35 880
Geothermal 80 86 76 94 94 156 162 456
Solar photovoltaic - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind - - 33 59 127 355 847 1 484
Municipal waste (renewable) - - - - - - - -
Solid biomass - 222 145 5 22 25 24 30
Biogas/liquid biomass - - 21 29 35 70 118 183
Non-renewable waste - - 54 88 96 119 77 42
% contribution - - 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
Industrial waste - - 54 88 96 119 77 42
Municipal waste (non-renewable) - - - - - - - -
Memo: total waste *** - - 54 88 96 119 77 42

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.239

United Kingdom
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 205 920 216 264 222 936 222 329 218 948 210 063 208 450 197 599
% contribution of renewables and wastes 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.3
Renewables 1 029 1 836 2 264 3 933 4 218 4 605 5 325 6 105
% contribution 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.1
Hydro 448 416 437 423 395 438 444 451
Geothermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Geothermal (direct use **) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - - 1 1 1 1 1
Solar thermal (transformation *) - - - - - - - -
Solar thermal (direct use **) 10 10 11 29 36 45 56 56
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 1 34 81 250 363 454 610 732
Municipal waste (renewable) 70 136 264 372 402 418 438 506
Solid biomass 303 886 659 1 324 1 348 1 324 1 348 1 501
Biogasoline - - - 43 48 77 104 160
Biodiesel - - - 25 131 264 686 808
Other liquid biomass - - - - - - - -
Biogas 196 354 810 1 466 1 494 1 584 1 637 1 889

Non-renewable waste 58 164 189 576 489 436 427 478


% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 16 46 35 353 248 185 164 174
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 42 119 154 223 241 251 263 303
Memo: total waste *** 128 300 453 948 890 854 866 984

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 317 755 332 489 374 375 395 430 393 440 393 185 385 277 368 091
% contribution of renewables and wastes 1.9 2.2 2.8 4.9 5.2 5.5 6.0 7.2
Renewables 5 811 6 871 9 970 16 942 18 116 19 647 21 598 24 529
% contribution 1.8 2.1 2.7 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.6 6.7
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 5 207 4 838 5 086 4 922 4 593 5 089 5 168 5 246
Geothermal - - - - - - - -
Solar photovoltaic - - 1 8 11 14 17 17
Solar thermal - - - - - - - -
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 9 391 947 2 904 4 225 5 274 7 097 8 515
Municipal waste (renewable) 140 471 840 964 1 083 1 177 1 226 1 415
Solid biomass - 199 541 3 382 3 324 2 920 2 767 3 193
Biogas/liquid biomass 455 972 2 555 4 762 4 880 5 173 5 323 6 143
Non-renewable waste 83 412 519 2 555 2 257 1 824 1 645 1 898
% contribution 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5
Industrial waste - - - 1 977 1 607 1 117 909 1 049
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 83 412 519 578 650 707 736 849
Memo: total waste *** 223 883 1 359 3 519 3 340 3 001 2 871 3 313

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.240 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

United States
Contribution from renewable energies and energy from waste

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009e

TPES (ktoe)

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY 1 914 996 2 067 213 2 273 332 2 318 861 2 296 640 2 336 546 2 283 722 2 172 107
% contribution of renewables and wastes 5.2 5.4 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.7
Renewables 96 165 104 844 101 963 105 186 109 616 109 085 116 828 118 255
% contribution 5.0 5.1 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.4
Hydro 23 491 27 014 21 776 23 430 25 101 21 467 22 077 23 603
Geothermal (transformation *) 13 765 12 844 12 569 7 780 7 714 7 751 7 917 7 883
Geothermal (direct use **) 336 406 519 852 925 1 036 1 164 1 159
Solar photovoltaic (transformation *) - - 16 e 45 e 63 e 86 e 135 e 135
Solar thermal (transformation *) 57 71 133 135 123 148 196 202
Solar thermal (direct use **) - - 1 440 1 233 1 279 1 325 1 369 1 413
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 264 275 486 1 538 2 294 2 976 4 790 6 119
Municipal waste (renewable) 2 076 3 227 4 095 3 972 4 051 3 928 4 052 3 963
Solid biomass 55 444 57 342 55 015 54 022 52 488 51 533 50 440 46 722
Biogasoline .. 2 644 2 934 7 775 10 500 13 191 18 550 20 781
Biodiesel .. - 21 296 816 1 167 1 347 1 074
Other liquid biomass .. - - 291 222 92 85 106
Biogas 732 1 022 2 960 3 817 4 040 4 386 4 706 5 095

Non-renewable waste 4 003 6 294 8 207 5 605 6 229 6 380 5 594 4 564
% contribution 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2
Industrial waste 1 928 3 067 4 112 2 484 3 046 3 294 2 411 1 455
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 2 076 3 227 4 095 3 121 3 183 3 086 3 184 3 109
Memo: total waste *** 6 079 9 520 12 302 9 578 10 279 10 308 9 646 8 527

ELECTRICITY (GWh)

TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED 3 202 813 3 558 374 4 025 885 4 268 887 4 275 011 4 323 914 4 343 818 4 161 218
% contribution of renewables and wastes 11.8 11.1 8.6 8.9 9.6 8.7 9.3 10.4
Renewables 369 241 384 343 330 364 366 205 395 209 361 814 391 588 422 564
% contribution 11.5 10.8 8.2 8.6 9.2 8.4 9.0 10.2
Hydro (excl. pumped storage) 273 152 314 116 253 204 272 445 291 869 249 619 256 714 274 455
Geothermal 16 012 14 941 14 621 16 778 16 581 16 798 17 014 16 524
Solar photovoltaic 3 4 183 e 524 e 737 e 1 000 e 1 572 e 1 572
Solar thermal 663 824 526 596 550 673 878 878
Tide/wave/ocean - - - - - - - -
Wind 3 066 3 196 5 650 17 881 26 676 34 603 55 696 71 156
Municipal waste (renewable) 5 306 e 7 386 8 364 9 528 9 690 9 578 9 513 9 466
Solid biomass 68 545 40 587 42 586 41 791 41 884 41 990 41 619 40 226
Biogas/liquid biomass 2 494 3 289 5 230 6 662 7 222 7 553 8 582 8 287
Non-renewable waste 10 017 11 655 15 533 13 234 13 218 12 532 12 677 9 367
% contribution 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2
Industrial waste 4 710 4 268 7 170 5 748 5 605 5 006 5 203 1 923
Municipal waste (non-renewable) 5 307 7 387 8 363 7 486 7 613 7 526 7 474 7 444
Memo: total waste *** 15 323 e 19 041 23 897 22 762 22 908 22 110 22 190 18 833

* Primary energy used in the production of electricity and heat by main activity producers or autoproducers in electricity plants, CHP plants
and heat plants (e.g. solar thermal power plants, geothermal power plants, etc.).
** Primary energy used elsewhere than in transformation as described above (e.g. remote photovoltaic electricity production for households,
heating of buildings/greenhouses by geothermal, etc.).
*** Includes municipal waste and industrial waste.

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.241

MULTILINGUAL GLOSSARIES

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.242 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

English Français Deutsch


coal and peat charbon et tourbe Kohle und Torf
crude oil and NGL pétrole brut et LGN Rohöl und Kondensate
oil products produits pétroliers Ölprodukte
natural gas gaz naturel Erdgas
nuclear energy énergie nucléaire Kernenergie
hydro energy énergie hydraulique Wasserkraft
geothermal energy énergie géothermique Geothermischer Energie
solar energy énergie d’origine solaire Sonnenenergie
wind energy énergie d’origine éolienne Windenergie
tide energy énergie des marées Gezeitenenergie
combustible renewables énergies renouvelables combus- Erneuerbare Brennstoffe und
and waste tibles et déchets Abfälle
electricity électricité Elektrizität
heat chaleur Wärme
total energy énergie totale Total Energie

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.243

Français Deutsch

1 Production Produktion
2 Importations Importe
3 Exportations Exporte
4 Soutes maritimes internationales Bunkerbestände der Internationalen Seeschiffahrt
5 Soutes aériennes internationales Bunkerbestände der Internationalen Luftfahrt
6 Variation des stocks Bestandsveränderungen
7 APPROV. TOTAUX EN ENERGIE PRIMAIRE GESAMTENERGIEAUFKOMMEN
8 Transferts Transfer
9 Ecarts statistiques Statistische Differenzen
10 Centrales électriques Elektrizitätswerke
11 Centrales de cogénération Elektrizitäts- und Heizkraftwerke
12 Centrales calogènes Heizkraftwerke
13 Hauts fourneaux Hochöfen
14 Usines à gaz Gaswerke
15 Cokeries/usines d'agglomérés/usines de briquettes de lignite Koks- und Brikettfabriken
16 Raffineries de pétrole Oelraffinerien
17 Usines pétrochimiques Petrochemische Werke
18 Unités de liquéfaction Verflüssigung
19 Autres transformations Sonst. Umwandlungsbereich
20 Consommation propre de l'industrie énergétique Energieindustrie Eigener Verbrauch
21 Pertes Verluste
22 CONSOMMATION FINALE TOTALE ENDENERGIEVERBRAUCH
23 INDUSTRIE INDUSTRIE
24 Sidérurgie Eisen- und Stahlindustrie
25 Industrie chimique et pétrochimique Chemische Industrie
26 Métaux non ferreux Ne-Metallerzeugung
27 Produits minéraux non métalliques Glas- und Keramikindustrie
28 Matériel de transport Fahrzeugbau
29 Construction mécanique Maschinenbau
30 Industries extractives Bergbau- und Steinbrüche
31 Industrie alimentaire et tabacs Nahrungs- und Genussmittel
32 Papier, pâte à papier et imprimerie Zellstoff, Papier, Pappeerzeugung
33 Bois et produits dérivés Holz und Holzprodukte
34 Construction Baugewerbe
35 Textiles et cuir Textil- und Lederindustrie
36 Non spécifiés Sonstige
37 TRANSPORTS VERKEHRS
38 Aviation intérieure Inland Luftverkehr
39 Transport routier Straßenverkehr
40 Transport ferroviaire Schienenverkehr
41 Transport par conduits Rohrleitungen
42 Navigation intérieure Binnenschiffahrt
43 Non spécifiés Sonstige
44 AUTRES ANDERE
45 Résidentiel Wohnsektor
46 Commerce et services publics Handel- und öffentliche Einrichtungen
47 Agriculture / sylviculture Landwirtschaft / Forstwirtschaft
48 Pêche Fischfang
49 Non spécifiés Sonstige
50 UTILISATIONS NON ENERGETIQUES NICHTENERGETISCHER VERBRAUCH
51 dans l'industrie/transformation/énergie im Industrie-/Umwandlung-/Energiesektor
52 dont : produits d'alimentation davon: Feedstocks
53 dans les transports im Verkehr
54 dans les autres secteurs in anderen Sektoren

55 Electricité produite - TWh Elektrizitätsproduktion - TWh


56 Centrales électriques Elektrizitätswerke
57 Centrales de cogénération Elektrizitäts- und Heizkraftwerke
58 Chaleur produite - PJ Wärmeerzeugung - PJ
59 Centrales de cogénération Elektrizitäts- und Heizkraftwerke
60 Centrales calogènes Heizkraftwerke

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.244 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

English Italiano ᣣᧄ⺆


coal and peat carbone e torba ⍹὇㩷෸䈶㩷ᵆ὇㩷
crude oil and NGL petrolio grezzo e LGN ේᴤ㩷෸䈶㩷㪥㪞㪣㩷
oil products prodotti petroliferi ⍹ᴤ⵾ຠ㩷
natural gas gas naturale ᄤὼ䉧䉴㩷
nuclear energy energia nucleare ේሶജ㩷
hydro energy energia idroelettrica ᳓ജ㩷
geothermal energy energia geotérmica ࿾ᾲ㩷
solar energy energia solare ᄥ㓁శ㩷
wind energy energia eolica 㘑ജ㩷
tide energy energia maremotrice ầജ㩷
combustible renewables and waste combustibili rinnovabili e da rifiuti นΆᕈౣ↢น⢻䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷㩷
෸䈶ᑄ᫈‛㩷
electricity energia elettrica 㔚ജ㩷
heat calore ᾲ㩷
total energy energia totale ✚䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷㩷

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.245

Italiano ᣣᧄ⺆
Japanese

1 Produzione ࿖ౝ↢↥
2 Importazioni ャ౉
3 Esportazioni ャ಴
4 Bunkeraggi marittimi internazionali ࿖㓙ᶏㆇࡃࡦࠞ࡯
5 Bunkeraggi aerei internazionali ࿖㓙⥶ⓨࡃࡦࠞ࡯
6 Variazioni di stock ࿷ᐶᄌേ
7 TOTALE RISORSE PRIMARIE ৻ᰴࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࿖ౝଏ⛎⸘
8 Ritorni e trasferimenti ຠ⒳ᝄᦧ
9 Differenza statistica ⛔⸘⺋Ꮕ
10 Centrali elettriche 㔚 ᳇ ੐ ᬺ ⠪࡮⥄ ኅ ⊒
11 Impianti di cogenerazione ࠦ࡯ࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ
12 Impianti di produzione di calore ᾲଏ⛎੐ᬺ⠪
13 Altiforni 㜞Ἱ
14 Officine del gas ࠟࠬᬺ
15 Cokerie/fabbriche di agglomerati e bricchette o formelle di lignite ࠦ࡯ࠢࠬ࡮✵⼺὇
16 Raffinerie di petrolio ⍹ᴤ♖⵾
17 Impianti petrochimici ⍹ᴤൻቇ
18 Liquefazione ᶧൻ
19 Altri settori di trasformazione ߘߩઁߩォ឵
20 Autoconsumo dell'industria energetica ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯↥ᬺ⥄ኅᶖ⾌
21 Perdite ࡠࠬ
22 CONSUMI FINALI ᦨ⚳ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌⸘
23 INDUSTRIA ↥ᬺ
24 Siderurgico ㋕✁ᬺ
25 Chimico ൻቇᎿᬺ
26 Metalli non ferrosi 㕖㋕㊄ዻ
27 Minerali non metalllici ┇ᬺ࿯⍹
28 Equipaggiamento per trasporti ャㅍ↪ᯏ᪾
29 Meccanico ㊄ዻᯏ᪾
30 Estrattivo ㋶ᬺ
31 Alimentare e del tabacco 㘩ᢱຠ࡮ߚ߫ߎ
32 Cartario e grafico ⚕࡮ࡄ࡞ࡊ
33 Legno e prodotti del legno ᧁ⵾ຠ
34 Costruzioni ᑪ⸳ᬺ
35 Tessile e pelli ❫⛽Ꮏᬺ
36 Non specificato ಽ㘃ਇ᣿
37 TRASPORTI ㆇャ
38 Aviazione nazionale ࿖ౝ⥶ⓨャㅍ
39 Trasporti stradali ㆏〝ャㅍ
40 Trasporti ferroviari ㋕㆏
41 Trasporti per condotti ࡄࠗࡊ࡜ࠗࡦャㅍ
42 Trasporti fluviali interni ౝ⥶ᶏㆇ
43 Non specificato ಽ㘃ਇ᣿
44 ALTRO ߘߩઁ
45 Domestico ᳃↢࡮ኅᐸ
46 Commercio e servizi pubblici ᳃↢࡮ᬺോ
47 Agricoltura / selvicoltura ㄘᨋᬺ
48 Pesca Ṫᬺ
49 Non specificato ಽ㘃ਇ᣿
50 USI NON ENERGETICI 㕖ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯
51 dell'industria ↥ᬺ࡮ォ឵࡮ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯↥ᬺ
52 di cui: prodotti intermedi 㧔߁ߜࡈࠖ࡯࠼ࠬ࠻࠶ࠢ㧕
53 dei trasporti ㆇャ
54 degli altri settori ߘߩઁ

55 Elettricità Prodotta - TWh ⊒ 㔚 ㊂  TW㨔


56 Centrali elettriche 㔚᳇੐ᬺ⠪࡮⥄ኅ⊒
57 Impianti di cogenerazione ࠦ࡯ࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ
58 Calore Prodotto - PJ ᾲ ⊒ ↢ ㊂  PJ
59 Impianti di cogenerazione ࠦ࡯ࠫࠚࡀ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ
60 Impianti di produzione di calore ᾲଏ⛎੐ᬺ⠪

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.246 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

English Español ÓÑÑÊÈÉ


coal and peat carbón y turba   

crude oil and NGL petróleo crudo y LGN  


/  .  
oil products productos petrolíferos 
 
natural gas gas natural      
nuclear energy energía nuclear    
hydro energy energía hidráulica   
geothermal energy energía geotérmica      
solar energy energía solar    
wind energy energía eólica   
tide energy energía maremotriz    
combustible renewables combustibles renovables   . . ./
and waste desechos .

electricity electricidad   


heat calor 
total energy energía total      

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.247

Español °ÓÑÑÊÈÉ
Russian

1 Producción ±ÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÅÏÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎ
2 Importaciones ¨ÌÏÎÐÒ
3 Exportaciones ½ÊÑÏÎÐÒ
4 Búnkers marítimos internacional ÌÅÆÄÓÍÀÐÎÄÍÛÉÁÓÍÊÅÐÂÎÄÍÛÕÏÅÐÅÂÎÇÎÊ
5 Búnkers aéreos internacional ÌÅÆÄÓÍÀÐÎÄÍÛÉÁÓÍÊÅÐÀÂÈÀÖÈÎÍÍÛÕÏÅÐÅÂÎÇÎÊ
6 Cambio de stocks ¨ÇÌÅÍÅÍÈÅÎÑÒÀÒÊÎÂ
7 SUMINISTRO AL CONSUMO ®¡¹ ¿¯¥°¢¨·­ ¿¯®±² ¢ª ²®¯«¨¢ ¨½­¥°£¨¨
8 Transferencias ¯ÅÐÅÄÀ×È
9 Diferencias estadísticas ±ÒÀÒÈÑÒÈ×ÅÑÊÎÅÐÀÑÕÎÆÄÅÍÈÅ
10 Central eléctrica ½ËÅÊÒÐÎÑÒÀÍÖÈÈ
11 Central combinada de calor y electricidad ²ÅÏËÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈ
12 Central de calor ²ÅÏËÎÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈ
13 Alto horno ¤ÎÌÅÍÍÛÅÏÅ×È
14 Gas ciudad £ÀÇÎÂÛÅÇÀÂÎÄÛ
15 Plantas de coque/combustible 'patente'/BKB ªÎÊÑÎÂÛÅÏÅ×ȯÐÅÄÏÐÈßÏÎÏÐÂÓÊÀÌÅÍÍÎÓÃÁÓÐÎÓÃÁÐÈÊÅÒÎÂ
16 Refinerías de petróleo ­ÅÔÒÅÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÀÒÛÂÀÞÙÈÅÇÀÂÎÄÛ
17 Plantas de petroquímica ­ÅÔÒÅÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅÇÀÂÎÄÛ
18 Licuefacción ®ÆÈÆÅÍÈÅ
19 Otros sect. de transformación ¤ÐÏÐÅÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÍÈÅÈÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÀÒÎÏËÈÂÀ
20 Consumos propios de la industria de energía ±ÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÅÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅÑÅÊÒÎÐÎÌÝÍÅÐÃÅÒÈÊÈ
21 Pérdidas ¯ÎÒÅÐÈ
22 CONSUMO FINAL ª®­¥·­®¥¯®²°¥¡«¥­¨¥
23 INDUSTRIA ¯°®¬»¸«¥­­®±²¼
24 Siderurgia ·ÅÐÍÀßÌÅÒÀËËÓÐÃÈß
25 Químico µÈÌÈßÈÍÅÔÒÅÕÈÌÈß
26 Metales no férreos ¶ÂÅÒÍÀßÌÅÒÀËËÓÐÃÈß
27 Minerales no metálicos ­ÅÌÅÒÀËËÌÈÍÅÐÀËÛ
28 Equipos de transporte ²ÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÍÎÅÎÁÎÐÓÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ
29 Maquinaria ¬ÀØÈÍÎÑÒÐÎÅÍÈÅ
30 Extracción y minas £ÎÐÍÎÄÎÁÛÂÀÞÙÀßÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÑÒÜ
31 Alimentación y tabaco ¯ÈÙÅÂÀßÈÒÀÁÀ×ÍÀßÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÑÒÜ
32 Papel, pasta e impresión ¡ÓÌÖÅËËÈÏÎËÈÃÐÀÔÏÐÑÒÜ
33 Madera ¯ÐÂÎÄÐÅÂÅÑÈÍÛÈÄÅÐÅÂÎÎÁÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ
34 Construcción ±ÒÐÎÈÒÅËÜÑÒÂÎ
35 Textil y piel ²ÅÊÑÒÊÎÆÅÂÅÍÍÀßÏÐÑÒÜ
36 No especificado ¤ÐÎÒÐÀÑËÈÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ
37 TRANSPORTE ²° ­±¯®°²
38 Transporte aéreo interno ¢ÍÓÒÐÅÍÍÈÉÂÎÇÄÓØÍÛÉÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒ
39 Transporte por carretera  ÂÒÎÄÎÐÎÆÍÛÉÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒ
40 Ferrocarril ¦ÅËÅÇÍÎÄÎÐÎÆÍÛÉÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒ
41 Oleoducto ²ÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÈÐÎÂÊÀÏÎÒÐÓÁÎÏÐÎÂÎÄÀÌ
42 Navegación interna ¢ÍÓÒÐÅÍÍÈÉÂÎÄÍÛÉÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒ
43 No especificado ­ÅÑÏÅÖÈÔÈÖÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÉÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒ
44 SECTORES ¤°³£¨¥
45 Residencial ¡ÛÒÎÂÎÉÑÅÊÒÎÐ
46 Comercio y serv. públicos ²ÎÐÃÎÂËßÈÓÑËÓÃÈ
47 Agricultura / selvicultura ±ÅËÜÑÊÎÅÕÎÇßÉÑÒÂΫÅÑÍÎÅÕÎÇßÉÑÒÂÎ
48 Pesca °ÛÁÎËÎÂÑÒÂÎ
49 No especificado ­ÅÑÏÅÖÈÔÈÖÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÅÄÐÓÃÈÅÑÅÊÒÎÐÛ
50 USOS NO ENERGETICOS ­¥½­¥°£¥²¨·¥±ª®¥¨±¯®«¼§®¢ ­¨¥
51 en la industria/tranf./energia ÂÏÐÎÌÛØËÅÍÍÎÑÒÈÏÐÅÎÁÐÀÇÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÅÒÎÏËÝÍÅÐÃÅÒÈÊÅ
52 incl.: prod. de aliment. ÂÒׯÔÀÁÐÈÊÀÒÛÍÅÔÒÅÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÈ
53 en el transporte ÂÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÅ
54 en otros sectores ÂÄÐÓÃÈÕÑÅÊÒÎÐÀÕ

55 Electr. Producida - TWh ¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÝÍÅÐÃÈȲÂÒ×


56 Central Eléctrica ½ËÅÊÒÐÎÑÒÀÍÖÈÈ
57 Central combinada de calor y electricidad ²ÅÏËÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈ
58 Calor producido - PJ ¯ÐÎÈÇÂÎÄÑÒÂÎÒÅÏËÀ¯¤Æ
59 Central combinada de calor y electricidad ²ÅÏËÎÝËÅÊÒÐÎÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈ
60 Central de calor ²ÅÏËÎÖÅÍÒÐÀËÈ

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


II.248 - ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition)

English ਛᢥ
coal and peat 䏳✛㽴䌼
crude oil and NGL ☮㽈✛䁁㊐⮸䏅㺣
oil products 䪂㽈ℶ❐
natural gas ⮸䏅㺣
nuclear energy 㫇厌
hydro energy 㻃厌
geothermal energy ⦿䍼厌
solar energy ⮹棂厌
wind energy 歝厌
tide energy
䇽㻟厌
combustible renewables and waste
♾䑒䍶䞮䓸德厌✛⨒⧍
electricity
䟄┪
heat
䍼厌
total energy
厌䄟⚗帰

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


ENERGY BALANCES OF OECD COUNTRIES (2010 Edition) - II.249

ਛᢥ
Chinese

1 ᴀ೑ѻ䞣
2 䖯ষ
3 ߎষ
4 ೑䰙⍋䖤ࡴ⊍
5 ೑䰙㟾ぎ
6 ᑧᄬব࣪
7 ⃵㛑⑤կᑨ䞣
䕀ᤶ
8 㒳䅵Ꮒ乱
9 থ⬉ॖ
10 ⛁⬉㘨ѻॖ
11 ⛁࡯ॖ
12 催♝⇨ॖ
13 催♝⇨ॖ
14 ࠊ⇨ॖ
15 ⚐⛺ϧ⫼➗᭭㻤✸ൟ✸ॖ
16 ⚐⊍ॖ
17 ⷇⊍࣪ᄺॖ
18 ⎆࣪ॖ
19 ݊ᅗ䕀ᤶ
20 ݊ᅗ䕀࣪
21 㛑⑤ᎹϮ㞾⫼
22 ߚ䜡ᤳ㗫
᳔㒜⍜䌍ড়䅵 7)&
23 ᎹϮ
24 䩶䪕
25 ࣪ᄺ੠⷇࣪
26 ᳝㡆䞥ሲ
27 䴲䞥ሲⷓ⠽
28 Ѹ䗮䆒໛
29 ᴎẄᎹϮ
30 䞛ⷓ੠ᣪᥬ
31 亳ક੠⚳㤝
32 㒌㒌⌚੠ॄࠋ
33 ᳼ᴤ੠᳼ᴤࠊક
34 ᓎㄥϮ
35 㒎㒛੠Ⲃ䴽
36 ݊ᅗ
37 Ѹ䗮䖤䕧
38 ೑‫ݙ‬㟾ぎ
39 ݀䏃䖤䕧
40 䪕䏃䖤䕧
41 ㅵ䘧䖤䕧
42 ೑‫ݙ‬⍋䖤
43 ݊ᅗ
44 ݊ᅗ
45 ሙ⇥⍜䌍
46 ଚϮ੠݀݅џϮ
47 ‫ݰ‬ϮᵫϮ
48 ᤩ剐Ϯ
49 ݊ᅗ
50 䴲㛑⑤Փ⫼
51 ᎹϮ䕀࣪㛑⑤
52 ݊Ё⫼‫ॳخ‬᭭
53 Ѹ䗮
54 ݊ᅗ

55 থ⬉   ग⪺ᯊ
56 থ⬉ॖ
57 ⛁⬉㘨ѻॖ
58 կ⛁   ⛺
59 ⛁⬉㘨ѻॖ
60 ⛁࡯ॖ

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY


Energy Data Manager / Statistician
Possible Staff Vacancies
International Energy Agency, Paris, France

The IEA Principal Qualifications


The International Energy Agency, based in Paris, acts x University degree in a topic relevant to energy,
as energy policy advisor to 28 member countries in computer programming or statistics. We currently
their effort to ensure reliable, affordable and clean have staff with degrees in Mathematics, Statistics,
energy for their citizens. Founded during the oil crisis Information Technology, Economics, Engineering,
of 1973-74, the IEA’s initial role was to co-ordinate Physics, Chemistry, Environmental Studies,
measures in times of oil supply emergencies. As en- Hydrology, Public Administration and Business.
ergy markets have changed, so has the IEA. Its man- x Experience in the basic use of databases and com-
date has broadened to incorporate the “Three E’s” of puter software. Good computer programming
balanced energy policy making: energy security, eco- skills in Visual Basic.
nomic development and environmental protection.
Current work focuses on climate change policies, x Ability to work accurately, pay attention to detail
market reform, energy technology collaboration and and work to deadlines. Ability to deal simultane-
outreach to the rest of the world, especially major ously with a wide variety of tasks and to organise
consumers and producers of energy like China, India, work efficiently.
Russia and the OPEC countries. x Good communication skills; ability to work well
in a team and in a multicultural environment,
The Energy Statistics Division, with a staff of around
particularly in liaising with contacts in national
30 people, provides a dynamic environment for young
administrations and industry.
people just finishing their studies or with one to two
years of work experience. x Very good knowledge of one of the two official
languages of the Organisation (English or French).
Job description Knowledge of other languages would be an advantage.
The data managers/statisticians compile, verify and x Some knowledge of energy industry operations
disseminate information on all aspects of energy in- and terminology would also be an advantage, but
cluding production, transformation and consumption is not required.
of all fuels, renewables, the emergency reporting sys-
Nationals of any OECD Member country are eligible
tem, energy efficiency indicators, CO2 emissions, and
for appointment. Basic salaries start at 3 000 Euros
energy prices and taxes. The data managers are re-
per month. The possibilities for advancement are good
sponsible for receiving, reviewing and inputting data
for candidates with appropriate qualifications and ex-
submissions from Member countries and other
perience. Tentative enquiries about future vacancies
sources into large computerised databases. They
are welcomed from men and women with relevant
check for completeness, correct calculations, internal
qualifications and experience. Applications in French
consistency, accuracy and consistency with definitions.
or English, accompanied by a curriculum vitae, should
Often this entails proactively investigating and help-
be sent to:
ing to resolve anomalies in collaboration with national
administrations of Member and Non-Member coun- Personnel and Finance Division
tries. The data managers/statisticians also play a key International Energy Agency
role in helping to design and implement computer 9 rue de la Fédération
macros used in the preparation of their energy statistics 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
publication(s). Email: recruitment@iea.org
ST A T I ST I C S P U B L I C A T I O N S

On-Line Data Services


Users can instantly access not only all the data published
in this book, but also all the time series used for preparing
this publication and all the other statistics publications of the IEA.
The data are available on-line, either through annual subscription
or pay-per-view access. More information on this service
can be found on our website: http://data.iea.org

Ten Annual Publications

 Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 2010 Edition


No other publication offers such in-depth statistical coverage. It is intended for anyone involved in
analytical or policy work related to energy issues. It contains data on energy supply and consumption
in original units for coal, oil, natural gas, combustible renewables/wastes and products derived from
these primary fuels, as well as for electricity and heat. Complete data are available for 2007 and 2008
and supply estimates are available for the most recent year (i.e. 2009). Historical tables summarise
data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of products and
flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data.
Published July 2010 - Price €120

 Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 2010 Edition


A companion volume to Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, this publication presents standardised
energy balances expressed in million tonnes of oil equivalent. Energy supply and consumption data
are divided by main fuel: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, hydro, geothermal/solar, combustible renewables/
wastes, electricity and heat. This allows for easy comparison of the contributions each fuel makes to
the economy and their interrelationships through the conversion of one fuel to another. All of this
is essential for estimating total energy supply, forecasting, energy conservation, and analysing the
potential for interfuel substitution. Complete data are available for 2007 and 2008 and supply estimates
are available for the most recent year (i.e. 2009). Historical tables summarise key energy and economic
indicators as well as data on production, trade and final consumption. Each issue includes definitions of
products and flows and explanatory notes on the individual country data as well as conversion factors
from original units to tonnes of oil equivalent.
Published July 2010 - Price €120

 Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 2010 Edition


This publication offers the same in-depth statistical coverage as the homonymous publication
covering OECD countries. It includes data in original units for more than 100 individual countries
and nine main regions. The consistency of OECD and non-OECD countries’ detailed statistics
provides an accurate picture of the global energy situation for 2007 and 2008. For a description of
the content, please see Energy Statistics of OECD Countries above.
Published August 2010 - Price €120
ST A T I ST I C S P U B L I CA T I O N S

 Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 2010 Edition


A companion volume to the publication Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, this publication
presents energy balances in million tonnes of oil equivalent and key economic and energy indicators
for more than 100 individual countries and nine main regions. It offers the same statistical coverage
as the homonymous publication covering OECD countries, and thus provides an accurate picture
of the global energy situation for 2007 and 2008. For a description of the content, please see
Energy Balances of OECD Countries above.
Published August 2010 - Price €120

 Electricity Information 2010


This reference document provides essential statistics on electricity and heat for each OECD member
country by bringing together information on production, installed capacity, input energy mix to
electricity and heat production, input fuel prices, consumption, end-user electricity prices and electricity
trades. The document also presents selected non-OECD country statistics on the main electricity and
heat flows. It is an essential document for electricity and heat market and policy analysts.
Published August 2010 - Price €150

 Coal Information 2010


This well-established publication provides detailed information on past and current evolution of the
world coal market. It presents country-specific statistics for OECD member countries and selected
non-OECD countries on coal production, demand, trade and prices. This publication represents
a key reference tool for all those involved in the coal supply or consumption stream, as well as
institutions and governments involved in market and policy analysis of the world coal market.
Published August 2010 - Price €165

 Natural Gas Information 2010


A detailed reference work on gas supply and demand, covering not only the OECD countries but
also the rest of the world. Contains essential information on LNG and pipeline trade, gas reserves,
storage capacity and prices. The main part of the book, however, concentrates on OECD countries,
showing a detailed gas supply and demand balance for each individual country and for the three
OECD regions: North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, as well as a breakdown of gas consumption
by end-user. Import and export data are reported by source and destination.
Published August 2010 - Price €165

 Oil Information 2010


A comprehensive reference book on current developments in oil supply and demand. The first part
of this publication contains key data on world production, trade, prices and consumption of major
oil product groups, with time series back to the early 1970s. The second part gives a more detailed
and comprehensive picture of oil supply, demand, trade, production and consumption by end-user
for each OECD country individually and for the OECD regions. Trade data are reported extensively
by origin and destination.
Published August 2010 - Price €165
ST A T I ST I C S P U B L I CA T I O N S

 Renewables Information 2010


This reference document brings together in one volume essential statistics on renewables and
waste energy sources. It presents a detailed and comprehensive picture of developments for
renewable and waste energy sources for each of the OECD member countries, encompassing
energy indicators, generating capacity, electricity and heat production from renewable and
waste sources, as well as production and consumption of renewable and waste products. It also
includes a selection of indicators for non-OECD countries. This report provides a strong foundation
for renewables energy policy and market analysis to assess progress towards domestic and
international objectives.
Published August 2010 - Price €110

 CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 2010 Edition


In order for nations to tackle the problem of climate change, they need accurate greenhouse
gas emissions data. This publication provides a basis for comparative analysis of CO2 emissions
from fossil fuel combustion, a major source of anthropogenic emissions. The data in this book are
designed to assist in understanding the evolution of the emissions of CO2 from 1971 to 2008 for
more than 140 countries and regions by sector and by fuel. Emissions were calculated using IEA
energy databases and the default methods and emissions factors from the Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.
Published November 2010 - Price €165

Two Quarterlies

 Oil, Gas, Coal and Electricity, Quarterly Statistics


This publication provides up-to-date, detailed quarterly statistics on oil, coal, natural gas and
electricity for the OECD countries. Oil statistics cover production, trade, refinery intake and output,
stock changes and consumption for crude oil, NGL and nine selected oil product groups. Statistics
for electricity, natural gas and coal show supply and trade. Import and export data are reported by
origin and destination. Moreover, oil as well as hard coal and brown coal production are reported
on a worldwide basis.
Published Quarterly - Price €120, annual subscription €380

 Energy Prices and Taxes


This publication responds to the needs of the energy industry and OECD governments for up-to-
date information on prices and taxes in national and international energy markets. It contains
prices at all market levels for OECD countries and certain non-OECD countries: import prices,
industry prices and consumer prices. The statistics cover the main petroleum products, gas, coal
and electricity, giving for imported products an average price both for importing country and
country of origin. Every issue includes full notes on sources and methods and a description of price
mechanisms in each country.
Published Quarterly - Price €120, annual subscription €380
ST A T I ST I C S P U B L I C A T I O N S

Electronic Editions

 CD-ROMs and Online Data Services


To complement its publications, the Energy Statistics Division produces CD-ROMs containing the
complete databases which are used for preparing the statistics publications. State-of-the-art software
allows you to access and manipulate all these data in a very user-friendly manner and includes
graphic facilities. These databases are also available on the internet from our online data service.

Annual CD-ROMS / Online Databases

 Energy Statistics of OECD Countries, 1960-2009 Price: €550 (single user)


 Energy Balances of OECD Countries, 1960-2009 Price: €550 (single user)
 Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2008 Price: €550 (single user)
 Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries, 1971-2008 Price: €550 (single user)
 Combined subscription of the above four series Price: €1 400 (single user)

 Electricity Information 2010 Price: €550 (single user)


 Coal Information 2010 Price: €550 (single user)
 Natural Gas Information 2010 Price: €550 (single user)
 Oil Information 2010 Price: €550 (single user)
 Renewables Information 2010 Price: €400 (single user)
 CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion, 1971-2008 Price: €550 (single user)

Quarterly CD-ROMs / Online Databases

 Energy Prices and Taxes Price: (four quarters) €900 (single user)

A description of these services are available on our website: http://data.iea.org

Other Online Services

 The Monthly Oil Data Service

The IEA Monthly Oil Data Service provides the detailed databases of historical and projected
information which is used in preparing the IEA’s monthly Oil Market Report (OMR). The IEA
Monthly Oil Data Service comprises three packages available separately or combined as a
subscriber service on the Internet. The data are available at the same time as the official release of
the Oil Market Report.

The packages include:


 Supply, Demand, Balances and Stocks Price: €6 000 (single user)
 Trade Price: €2 000 (single user)
 Field-by-Field Supply Price: €3 000 (single user)
 Complete Service Price: €9 000 (single user)

A description of this service is available on our website: http://modsinfo.iea.org


ST A T I ST I C S P U B L I C A T I O N S

 The Monthly Gas Data Service

The service provides monthly natural gas data for OECD countries:
 supply balances in terajoules and cubic metres;
 production, trade, stock changes and levels where available, gross inland deliveries, own use
and losses;
 highly detailed trade data with about 50 imports origins and exports destinations;
 LNG trade detail available from January 2002.

The databases cover the time period January 1984 to current month with a time lag of two months
for the most recent data.
 Monthly Gas Data Service: Natural Gas Balances & Trade
Historical plus 12 monthly updates Price: €800 (single user)

For more information consult: http://data.iea.org

Moreover, the IEA statistics website contains key energy indicators


by country, graphs on the world and OECD’s energy
situation evolution from 1971 to the most recent year available,
as well as selected databases for demonstration.
The IEA statistics website can be accessed at www.iea.org/statistics/
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
IEA Publications, 9, rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15
Printed in France by Jouve, July 2010
(61 2010 04 3 P1) ISBN 978-92-64-08412-4

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