Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 What is a P&L?
2.1 Revenues
2.2 Costs
a. Intrest
b. Tax
c. Depreciation
d. Amortization
3.1 Assets
a. Tangible assets
b. Intangible assets
3.2 Liabilities
If ICT company
If industrial company
Estimate of the timing and amounts of cash inflows and outflows over a specific period. A cash flow forecast shows if a firm
how much, when, and how it will repay the loan. Also called cash flow budget or cash flow projection.
A financial statement that summarizes the revenues, costs and expenses incurred during a specific period of time - usually
year. These records provide information that shows the ability of a company to generate profit by increasing revenue and r
P&L statement is also known as a "statement of profit and loss", an "income statement" or an "income and expense statem
The incomegeneratedfromsaleofgoodsorservices,oranyotheruseofcapitalorassets,associa
mainoperationsofanorganizationbeforeanycostsorexpensesarededucted.Revenueisshown
iteminanincome(profitandloss)statementfromwhichallcharges,costs,andexpensesaresub
atnetincome.itiscalculatedas:PricexQuantity
An amountthathastobepaidorgivenupinordertogetsomething.Inbusiness,costisusually
amonetaryvaluationof(1)effort,(2)material,(3)resources,(4)timeandutilitiesconsumed,(5
and(6)opportunityforgoneinproductionanddeliveryofagoodorservice.Allexpensesarecosts
(suchasthoseincurredinacquisitionofanincome-generatingasset)areexpenses.wecanidentif
:variablecostsandfixedcost
COGS is the costs that go into creating the products that a company sells; therefore, the only costs included in the measure
directly tied to the production of the products. For example, the COGS for an automaker would include the material costs f
into making the car along with the labor costs used to put the car together. The cost of sending the cars to dealerships and
used to sell the car would be excluded. The exact costs included in the COGS calculation will differ from one type of busine
An expense incurredincarryingoutanorganization'sday-to-dayactivities,butnot
directlyassociatedwithproduction.Operatingexpensesincludesuchthingsaspayroll,sales
commissions,employee
benefitsandpensioncontributions,transportationandtravel,amortizationanddepreciation,rent,
taxes.Theseexpensesareusuallysubdividedintosellingexpensesandadministrativeandgenera
Alsocallednon-manufacturingexpenses.
Funds used by a company to acquire or upgrade physical assets such as property, industrial buildings or equipment. This ty
by companies to maintain or increase the scope of their operations. These expenditures can include everything from repair
a brand new factory.
A feepaidfortheuseofanotherparty'smoney.Totheborroweritisthecostofrentingmoney,to
theincomefromlendingit.Interestonalldebtisnormallydeductiblebeforetaxesareassessedo
income.
Compulsory monetarycontributiontothestate'srevenue,assessedandimposedbyagovernmento
theactivities,enjoyment,expenditure,income,occupation,privilege,property,etc.,
ofindividualsandorganizations.
Depreciation, on the other hand, refers to prorating a tangible asset's cost over that asset's life. For example, an office build
number of years before it becomes run down and is sold. The cost of the building is spread out over the predicted life of th
portion of the cost being expensed each accounting year.
Amortizationusuallyreferstospreadinganintangibleasset'scostoverthatasset'susefullife.Forexample,apat
medicalequipmentusuallyhasalifeof17years.Thecostinvolvedwithcreatingthemedicalequipmentissprea
thepatent,witheachportionbeingrecordedasanexpenseonthecompany'sincomestatement.
The balancesheetprovidesinformationonwhatthecompanyowns(itsassets),whatitowes(itsliabilities)andth
businesstoitsstockholders(theshareholders'equity)asofaspecificdate.It'scalledabalancesheetbecauseth
out.Thismakessense:acompanyhastopayforallthethingsithas(assets)byeitherborrowingmoney(liabiliti
shareholders(shareholders'equity).
Cash,equipment,machinery,plant,propertyanythingthathaslong-termphysicalexistenceorisa
theoperationsofthebusinessandnotforsaletocustomers.Inthebalancesheetofthebusiness
suchassetsarelistedundertheheading'Plantandequipment'or'Plant,property,andequipment
unlikeintangibleassets,canbedestroyedbyfire,hurricane,orotherdisastersoraccidents.Howe
usedascollateraltoraiseloans,andcanbemorereadilysoldtoraisecashinemergencies.
Reputation,namerecognition,andintellectualpropertysuchasknowledgeandknowhow.Intangibl
thelong-termresourcesofanentity,buthavenophysicalexistence.Theyderivetheirvaluefrom
orlegalrights,andfromthevaluetheyaddtotheotherassets.Intangibleassetsaregenerallycla
broadcategories:(1)Limited-lifeintangibleassets,suchaspatents,copyrights,andgoodwill,and
intangibleassets,suchastrademarks.Incontrasttotangibleassets,intangibleassetscannotbed
hurricane,orotheraccidentsordisasters,
Recorded on the balance sheet (right side), liabilities include loans, accounts payable, mortgages, deferred revenues and ac
Liabilities are a vital aspect of a company's operations because they are used to finance operations and pay for large expan
make transactions between businesses more efficient. For example, the outstanding money that a company owes to its sup
considered a liability,
The portion of the balance sheet that represents the capital received from investors in exchange for stock (paid-in capital),
retained earnings. Stockholders' equity represents the equity stake currently held on the books by a firm's equity investors
as a firm's total assets minus its total liabilities
Estimateofthetimingandamountsofcashinflowsandoutflowsoveraspecificperiod(usuallyone
flowforecastshowsifafirmneedstoborrow,howmuch,when,andhowitwillrepaytheloan.Als
flowbudgetorcashflowprojection.
The annual salesvolumenetofalldiscountsandsalestaxes.
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cash-flow-forecast.html
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/plstatement.
asp
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/reve
nue.html
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cost.
html
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cogs.asp
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/oper
ating-expenses.html
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/capitalexpen
diture.asp
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/ebitda.asp
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/inter
est.html
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/tax.h
tml
http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/06/amo
rtizationvsdepreciation.asp
http://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/06/amo
rtizationvsdepreciation.asp
http://www.investopedia.com/walkthrough/corporate-finance/2/financial-statements/balance-sheet.aspx
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/tangible-asset.html
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/intangible-asset.html
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/liability.asp
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/shareholdersequity.asp
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cash-
flow-forecast.html
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/turn
over.html
ASSUMPTIONS
REVENUES
Quantity
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
QuantityProductA 500 600 720 864 1,037
QuantityProductB 1,000 1,400 1,960 2,744 3,842
QuantityProductC 3,000 5,400 9,720 17,496 31,493
Price
2015
PriceProductA 200.00
PriceProductB 100.00
PriceProductC 50.00
Marketingandadvertisingexpenses
87,500.00 132,500.00 206,500.00 330,500.00
Marketingandtravelexpenses 35,000.00 53,000.00 82,600.00 132,200.00
Advertisingcosts 52,500.00 79,500.00 123,900.00 198,300.00
Cost Amount Frequency
Rentanddomiciliationexpenses 2,000.00 Monthly
Accounting 350.00 Monthly
Audit 1,000.00 Yearly
Mobilephones 50.00 Monthly
Computer 500.00 Yearly
OtherG&A -
TrainingandSeminars -
Externalexperts -
Legalsupport -
Cars&Advantages -
Travel&Accomodation -
IP-rights -
ICTinfrastructure -
Productmaintenance&Enhancement -
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 4
1 2 2
9 10 11
2019
832,240.00
290,700.00
254,400.00
500.00
6,600.00
24,000.00
4,200.00
1,000.00
541,540.00
216,616.00
324,924.00
BUSINESS PLAN TIP TOP Jan-15
In EUR
1
REVENUES 29,166.67
Sales
Product/ServiceA 42
Cumul 42
PriceproductA 200.00
Revenues product A 8,333.33
Product/ServiceB 83
Cumul 83
PriceproductB 100.00
Revenues product B 8,333.33
Product/ServiceC 250
Cumul 250
PriceproductC 50.00
Revenues product C 12,500.00
R&D -
Product maintenance & Enhancement -
Investments -
ICT infrastructure -
External costs -
External experts -
Legal support -
Other expenses -
Cars & Advantages -
Travel & Accomodation -
IP-rights -
EBITDA - 6,091.67
Amortization -
Depreciation of intangible assets
Depreciatiom -
Depreciation of tangible assets
EBIT - 6,091.67
Interest income
Interest expenses
Taxes
Corporate tax
Net profit
Feb-15 Mar-15 Apr-15 May-15 Jun-15 Jul-15
2015
2 3 4 5 6 7
29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67
42 42 42 42 42 42
83 125 167 208 250 292
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33
83 83 83 83 83 83
167 250 333 417 500 583
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33
- - - - - -
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8 9 10 11 12 13
29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 29,166.67 44,166.67
42 42 42 42 42 50
333 375 417 458 500 550
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 10,000.00
83 83 83 83 83 117
667 750 833 917 1000 1117
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 8,333.33 11,666.67
- - - - - -
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14 15 16 17 18 19
44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67
50 50 50 50 50 50
600 650 700 750 800 850
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00
- - - - - -
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20 21 22 23 24 25
44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 44,166.67 68,833.33
50 50 50 50 50 60
900 950 1000 1050 1100 1160
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00 12,000.00
- - - - - -
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26 27 28 29 30 31
68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33
60 60 60 60 60 60
1220 1280 1340 1400 1460 1520
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00
- - - - - -
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- - - - - -
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- - - - - -
32 33 34 35 36 37
68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 68,833.33 110,166.67
60 60 60 60 60 72
1580 1640 1700 1760 1820 1892
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 12,000.00 14,400.00
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38 39 40 41 42 43
110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67
72 72 72 72 72 72
1964 2036 2108 2180 2252 2324
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00
- - - - - -
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44 45 46 47 48 49
110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 110,166.67 180,513.33
72 72 72 72 72 86
2396 2468 2540 2612 2684 2770
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 14,400.00 17,280.00
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50 51 52 53 54 55
180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33
86 86 86 86 86 86
2857 2943 3030 3116 3202 3289
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00
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56 57 58 59 60
180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33 180,513.33
86 86 86 86 86
3375 3462 3548 3634 3721
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00 17,280.00
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Cash inflows
Turnover
Capitalcontribution
Loans
Otherincome
B Total cash inflows
Cash outflows
Personnelcosts
Productioncosts
Marketingcosts
Administrativecosts
Supplies(inc.VAT)
Investments
Externalcosts
Otherexpenses
C Total cash outflows
A+B-C Ending cash balance (without YIE grant and private matching)
CUMUL
Privateinvestmenttomatchgrant
Younginnovativeenterprise(YIE)grant
D Total YIE grant and private matching
A+B-C+D Ending cash balance (with YIE grant and private matching)
CF - 776,379.67
JEI - 310,551.87
PRIVATE - 465,827.80
Jan-15 Feb-15 Mar-15 Apr-15 May-15
70,000.00
60,000.00
50,000.00
40,000.00
30,000.00
20,000.00
10,000.00
-
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
(10,000.00)
(20,000.00)
(30,000.00)
(10,000.00)
(20,000.00)
(30,000.00)
Jun-15 Jul-15 Aug-15 Sep-15 Oct-15
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Nov-15 Dec-15 Jan-16 Feb-16 Mar-16 Apr-16
Administrative - - -
Administrative #1 - - -
Administrative #2 - - -
2 2 2 2
2 3 3 4
0 1 2 2
6 9 10 11
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R&D
Product maintenance & Enhancement
Investments
ICT infrastructure
Marketing expenses
Marketing and travel expenses
Advertising costs
External costs
External experts
Legal support
Other expenses
Cars & Advantages
Travel & Accomodation
IP-rights
Jan-15 Feb-15 Mar-15 Apr-15 May-15 Jun-15
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Jul-15 Aug-15 Sep-15 Oct-15 Nov-15 Dec-15 Jan-16
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Feb-16 Mar-16 Apr-16 May-16 Jun-16 Jul-16
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Aug-16 Sep-16 Oct-16 Nov-16 Dec-16 Jan-17
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Feb-17 Mar-17 Apr-17 May-17 Jun-17 Jul-17
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Aug-17 Sep-17 Oct-17 Nov-17 Dec-17 Jan-18
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Feb-18 Mar-18 Apr-18 May-18 Jun-18 Jul-18
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Aug-18 Sep-18 Oct-18 Nov-18 Dec-18 Jan-19
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Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19
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Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19
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COGS %Revenue
Producta 75%
Productb 65%
Productc 55%
105,939.67
12,960.00
20,808.67
72,171.00
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
A Turnover
xx
xx
B Personnel costs
Management
R&D
Sales & Marketing
Adminsitrative
C Other costs
Marketing
Travel & Accomodation
Cars & Advantages
Office building
Phone
Accounting
Administration
Legal support
IP-rights
ICT infrastructure
Office supplies
TIPTOP COMPAGNY S.A.
2,166,160.00 Assets
1,271,276.00 CurrentAssets
894,884.00 FixedAssets
832,240.00 RegularizationAccount
- CommonStock
62,644.00 Premium
RetainedEarnings
CurrentLiabilities
2019 LongTermDebt
2,166,160.00 DeferredTaxes
1,271,276.00 RegularizationAccount
#REF!
2017 2018 2019
0 0 0
0 0 0