UMTS Multi Carrier Strategy Training

MULTI-CARRIER STRATEGY
TRAINING
HSDPA
Introduction
Key feature
Strategy and Pros vs Cons
Evaluation
Cases
2
Introduction
Background:
Remark: Multi-carrier strategy also include multi-band situation, such as
U900+U2100.
1501
With the steady growth of radio services especially the data services,
1221
operators need to expand the capacity of the live network and add
more carriers are one of the choices. Currently multi-band and multi- 911
carrier networking has become a main scenario for lots of operators live 621
networks.
389
According to the analysis of the operators requirements we classify them 274
into two categories and they are Prefer system capacity and Prefer
voice quality.
Deploying different strategies will meet different operators requirements in
different scenarios
Neighboring
Strategy content Cell Manage
SPG
Setting
Algorithm
Switch
Camping
Policy Access HSPA+
Policy Load Mobility Status
Balance Policy Transition
Policy
Multi-Carrier Strategy
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Access policy feature DRD - Directed Retry Decision
RAN12
RAB Setup procedure Combine UE and cell Technology priority
Step1: Generates a list of candidate Step2: Get the Technical
DRD-supportive inter-frequency Priority of the DRD Cells
Take DC service as an example
cells with RAB DRD Conditions by MIMO_64QAMorDC-
HSDPA and
MIMOor64QAM.
Priority
DRD: Directed Retry Decision DRD Cells

DRD feature For
Step3: The HSDPA Steering
Cell will be selected.
access procedure
Capability Matching
between Cells and UE
Cell selection based

on Service Steering
Step4: The DC Group will be decided by comparing the DL Load
between the DC Groups.
Cell selection
And the Anchor Carrier will be selected based on the UL Load of the
based on Load 2 carriers belonging to the DC Group. If Technology Priority and Cell
priority are same
In RAN11.0 and earlier versions, DRD is implemented based on blind handover (that is, the cell signal quality
meets certain threshold, but not to measure the target cell).
In RAN12.0, the original DRD algorithm implementation is kept, and measurement-based DRD algorithm is
added (that is, to measure signals of the target cell).
=> Improve the performance and successful of DRD access procedure, increase the delay
Measurement-based DRD or DRD of blind handover is based on parameters configuration and currently
measurement-based DRD is closed by default.
Load balance policy feature LDR
When the usage of cell resource exceeds the basic congestion triggering threshold, the cell enters the basic congestion
state. In this case, Load Reshuffling (LDR) is required to reduce the cell load and increase the access success rate.
The RNC adopts the following behaviors until the congestion be removed: LDR in connected mode
Inter-frequency load handover
LDR Actions
BE rate reduction
Uncontrollable Real-Time
Inter-RAT Handover in
Inter-RAT Handover in
QoS Renegotiation for

Inter-Frequency Load
AMR Rate Reduction

CS/PS inter-RAT handover
BE Rate Reduction
Code Reshuffling
AMR rate reduction
Resource
CS Domain
PS Domain
Channel
Handover
UL/DL
Services
QoS Renegotiation for
Uncontrollable Real-Time Services
code reshuffling
DCH
UL
LDR actions intended for different resources HSUPA
DCH *
Remarks Power
HSDPA
DL
If the downlink powerbased admission DC-HSDPA
uses the ENU algorithm, the basic
DCH
congestion can also be caused by the UL
HSUPA
Iub
ENU. In this situation, LDR actions do not DCH
DL
HSDPA
involve AMR rate reduction or MBMS

power reduction, as indicated by the Code DCH
DL
HSDPA
symbol * in the table. DCH
UL
HSUPA
Credit
DCH
DL
HSDPA

UE Restriction( Refer to 3GPP 25.133)
More frequency => Many frequency was introduced in the network

=> but there UE restrictions according to 3GPP
UE can only measure 2 inter-frequency only for both

idle mode and connected mode in 3G
UE can only measure 3 inter-frequency 3G frequency

in GSM

Strategy - Preferred Camping
SHO
HHO
DRD (f1 => f2) and LDR (F1 <=> F2) Blind HO
F2
Camping
HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99
Coverage HO
F1 Load Balancing
R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA
1.Idle Users camp on F1 carrier

2.Through setting SPG, R99 directly establish on F1
3.Through setting SPG, H services establish on F2 preferentially
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

Strategy - Random Camping
SHO
Every users can access to every carriers randomly depending on signal quality HHO
F2 Blind HO
Camping
R99+HSPA R99+HSPA
F1
R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA
1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 or F2 carrier

2.R99 directly establish on each carrier that the user camp on
3.HSPA services DRD based on HSPA user number balanced
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

Strategy - Pros vs Cons
Pros Cons
High system capacity, high carrier efficiency
Less DRD for HSPA, the HSPA RAB setup AMR and HSPA services are on the same
Random carriers, the AMR KPI may be deteriorated
success ratio will be guaranteed as much as
possible Camping
As all carriers are used for HSPA, HSPA
experience may be better
AMR and HSPA are separate on different Resources on different carriers may not be
Preferred used equally
carriers, the AMR experience will be
Camping
guaranteed as much as possible
Due to HSPA carriers high load as well as
The AMR carrier load will be relatively low the DRD, the HSPA setup success ratio may
and the drive test for high signal quality and be deteriorated
coverage will be guaranteed as
much as possible
AMR are basic service for WCDMA. Some operators pay special attention on AMR in order to
Conclusion
satisfy these requirement (Prefer voice quality), HW suggests to use Preferred Camping
Strategy.
As the rapid growing of data service, system capacity become much more important than ever
before, in order to help operator to improve HSPA experience (Prefer system capacity) ,
HW suggests to use Random Camping Strategy
HSDPA Strategy Evaluation How to use tool
Network audit tool Omstar Start UMTS_NetworkAudit
Choose items as below to analyze network strategy and corresponding KPIs
Refer to the following document to see how to use UMTS_NetworkAudit :

- UMTS Network Evaluation Tool User Guide-

Evaluation OMSTAR Result to analysis
According to the NodeB number,

provide Top10 Strategy and as well
as its pros and cons
Provide each NodeBs strategy
Provide KPI for each carrier

Case 1 Strategy analysis using tool example(1)
Conclusion:
94.2% NodeB deploy Random Camping Strategy
5.8% NodeB deploy Preferred Camping Strategy
Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?

Case 1 Strategy analysis using tool example(2)
Remark: all the above KPIs are calculated by each cell

Conclusion:
F1/F2/F3/F4s traffic are almost equal and this is reasonable for
Random Camping Strategy
F5s deployed in suburb and its traffic is lower than other carrier
Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?

Case 2 Strategy Adjust Example
1. In order to improve coverage and signal quality (voice quality) , operator x

adjust its network strategy from random camping to preferred camping
2. As expected its drive signal quality improves 1.7% (EcNo>-12dB), AMR call
drop rate reduces 0.05% but PS RAB setup success ratio deteriorates 0.46%
and PS DL throughput reduces 7%

Case 3 Strategy Configuration Example
Requirement: Prefer System Capacity
F4 : Non homogeneous carrier SHO
Recommend Strategy: Random Camping
HHO
F4 HSPA+R99
Dual carrier Group Blind HO
F3 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99
F2 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99
F1 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99
Camping Policy Mobility Policy

Camp on F1 and F2 randomly Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all
carriers(ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL)
Access and Load Balance Policy
All carriers support HSPA and R99 Configure one way handover based on coverage from F4 to
Non H service are directly established in the cell F3/F2 and from F3 to F2 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL)
where the UE camp on Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2;
H service are established on F1/F2/F3/F4 through
load balance F1,F2-->F3; F1, F2-->F4 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL :
LDR policy set as default BlindHOFlag=TRUE)
HSPA+ Configure GSM as neighboring cell for all cells, only configure
Use F3 and F4 as DC dual carriers F1 and F2 as neighboring cell for GSM.

Case 4 U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(1)
Requirement: 1. U900 absorb weak coverage traffic 2. Prefer system capacity
DL3038 U900 U900 U900
DL10737 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1
DL10713 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2
Network Coverage:
DL10688 U2100 F3 1. F1/F2/G900 full coverage
2. U900,F3,F4 hotspot coverage
DL10663 U2100 F4
G900 G900 G900
G1800 G1800 G1800
Suggestion: Random Camping Strategy and dedicated U900 strategy

Key Switches for idle / connection mode cell reselection, RAB DRD, Inter-frequency handover, Load
reshuffling:
Parameter Value MML Command Parameter Description
"FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are not
included in the SIB11.
SIB11Ind True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
"TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are included in
UE in idle mode
the SIB11.
"FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are not
included in the SIB12.
SIB12Ind True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
"TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are included in
UE in Con mode
the SIB12
"0" indicates that the coverage-based inter-frequency
handover is not supported. (based on load) Eg. for Blind HO
"1" indicates that the cell is assigned with the highest priority
HOCovPrio 0/1/2/3 ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
for the handover.
Type of Inter-freq HO "3" indicates that the cell is assigned with the lowest priority
for the handover.
FALSE indicates that the cell is not considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover.(HO based measurement)
BlindHoFlag True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
TRUE indicates that the cell can be considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover
"TRUE" indicates that the cell can be considered as the
measurement object in the DRD measurement algorithm or
DrdOrLdrFlag True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
LDR measurement algorithm. The value "FALSE" indicates
that the cell is invalid.
DR_RAB_SING_D SET
ON/OFF DRD switch for single RAB
RD_SWITCH UCORRMALGOSWITCH
DR_RAB_COMB_D SET
ON/OFF DRD switch for combine RAB
RD_SWITCH UCORRMALGOSWITCH

UEs will camp on U2100 F1/F2, G900 and G1800 in idle mode (i.e. Access Layers).
U900 set as limited access layer UEs can reselect to U900 when coverage of U2100 F1/F2 is poor.
Idle UEs on U900 will reselect to F1/F2 when within U2100 coverage area.
U900 layer will be considered as the coverage layer for both CS and PS only one way for UE to go to
this layer (from all U2100 layers) during Connected Mode is due to coverage (i.e. Inter-Frequency HO).
Coverage-based Inter-RAT from U2100 layers to G900 is for CS services only.
Calls end on U2100 F3/4 will be forced to re-select to U2100 F1/F2, U900 or G900 immediately.
F3 and F4 will be the Non-Access and HS-preferred layers UEs will only perform HSPA RAB DRD
from F1 to co-sector F2/3/4 cells and from F2 to co-sector F1/3/4 cells.
Combined 3G services will access at the current 3G cell, where the first service is being served.

LDR happens
1) between all U2100 layers (bi-directional blind Inter-Frequency HO)
2) from 3G to G900 and co-sector G1800 for CS services only (Inter-RAT - only as 4th action for DL
LDR).
Measurement-Based LDR algorithm will be enabled from U900 to U2100 F1/2 (feature can only
support 2 target frequencies according to 3GPP).
G900 / G1800 Layer :
Re-selections to the G1800 layer is only possible via the G900 layer.
Uni-directional traffic handovers are possible from G900 to G1800.
UEs on G1800 can move to G900 in connected mode due to coverage.

IDLE MODE CONNECTED MODE
U900 U900 U900 U900
Access Layer
U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1
Access Layer
U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F1
CS LDR (to G900)

Capacity/Non
Access Layer U2100 F3 U2100 F3
Load balance layer
Capacity/Non
U2100 F4 U2100 F4
Access Layer
CS Inter-RAT and
LDR (to G900)
G900 G900
Coverage-based
Traffic -based (uni-directional) (uni-directional)
Access Layer
G1800 G1800
Blind IFHO LDR (co-sector, bi and uni-directional)

Reselection (bi-directional) Coverage-based CS & PS IFHO/ CS ISHO (uni-directional)
For LDR ,2 possibilities :
Reselection (uni-directional) -Blind HO or HSPA RAB DRD (co-sector, bi and uni-directional)
-Measurement based HO
Measurement based LDR

Parameter U2100 F1 U2100 F2 U2100 F3 U2100 F4 U900
Cell Reselection
Qqualmin -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB
Qrxlevmin -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm)
Qhyst2 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB)
IdleSintrasearch 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB)
IdleSintersearch 4(8dB) 4(8dB) 127 (Off) 127 (Off) 127 (Off)
Inter-freq Neighbors
To U900/F2 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F2 - True

To F1/F2 - True
SIB11 Ind To co-sector F3/4 To co-sector F3/4 - To F2 and co-sector F4 - To F1 and co-sector F3
(Idle mode) False False False False
IdleQoffset2 - inter (for 0 dB > U2100 F2 0 dB > U2100 F1 -50 dB -> U2100 F1 -50 dB -> U2100 F2
-3 dB -> U2100 F1/2
ncells with SIB11 True) 3 dB -> U900 3 dB -> U900 3 dB > U900 3 dB > U900
Blind handover flag (for Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector
None
LDR and DRD) U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells
U900 - 2 U900 - 2 U900 and other F1 - 2 U900 and other F2 - 2
HOCOVPRIO F1/F2 - 2
co-sector F2/3/4 - 0 co-sector F1/3/4 - 0 co-sector F1/2/4 - 0 co-sector F1/2/3 0
Exemple :
3G cell with EcNo = -9 et RSCP = -106dB If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE need not start the intra-frequencymeasurement.
Squal = CPICH_EC/No qQualMin If Squal Sintrasearch, the UE need to start the intra-frequency measurement.
Squal = -9 (-18) = 9 > Sintrasearch = 5

Inter-freq Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm
CS 2F -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm
H 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm
H 2F -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm
Inter-RAT Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm
CS 2F -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm
H 2D -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm
H 2F -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm
Inter-Frequency and Inter-

SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT INTERFREQ
RAT Coexist Switch
COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_T

CoexistMeasThdChoice D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF HD_CHOICE_INTE
REQ REQ REQ REQ RFREQ


DRD
Service Steering OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
LdbDRDSwitchDCH OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA ON ON OFF OFF OFF
LdbDRDchoice UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber

H user balance Related
LdbDRDLoadRemain
100(default) 100(default) 100(default) 100(default) 100(default)
ThdHSDPA
MaxHsdpaUserNum 64(default) 64(default) 64(default) 64(default) 64(default)
1 -> Target blind HO cell will be considered as a DRD candidate when HS-DSCH load of source cell is greater than the
LdbDRDOffsetHSDPA
load of the target cell by 1% or more.
Measurement based LDR for U900 cell: TargetFreqThdRscp: -92 dBm, TargetFreqThdEcN0: -12 dB

Appendix
Feature Number Feature Name
Multi-frequency relevant features WRFD-020110 Multi Frequency Band Networking
WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management
WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040002 Inter System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040003 Inter System Redirect
WRFD-02040004 Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup
WRFD-020302 Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance
WRFD-021200 HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure)
WRFD-020105 Potential User Control
WRFD-020402 Measurement Based Direct Retry
WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management
Multi-carrier relevant features WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040004 Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup
WRFD-020302 Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance
WRFD-021200 HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure)
WRFD-020105 Potential User Control
WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-020402 Measurement Based Direct Retry

2G/3G inter-operation WRFD-020303 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020306 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Load
WRFD-020305 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Service
WRFD-020401 Inter-RAT Redirection Based on Distance

Thank you
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MULTI-CARRIER STRATEGY

Strategy and Pros vs Cons

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

DRD: Directed Retry Decision DRD Cells

Cell selection based

QoS Renegotiation for

AMR Rate Reduction

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

More frequency => Many frequency was introduced in the network

UE can only measure 2 inter-frequency only for both

UE can only measure 3 inter-frequency 3G frequency

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA

1.Idle Users camp on F1 carrier

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA R99+HSPA

1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 or F2 carrier

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Refer to the following document to see how to use UMTS_NetworkAudit :

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

According to the NodeB number,

Provide each NodeBs strategy

Provide KPI for each carrier

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Remark: all the above KPIs are calculated by each cell

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

1. In order to improve coverage and signal quality (voice quality) , operator x

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

F2 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

F1 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

Camping Policy Mobility Policy

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

DL3038 U900 U900 U900

DL10737 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1

DL10713 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2

G900 G900 G900

G1800 G1800 G1800

Suggestion: Random Camping Strategy and dedicated U900 strategy

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Coverage-based Inter-RAT from U2100 layers to G900 is for CS services only.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

G900 / G1800 Layer :

Uni-directional traffic handovers are possible from G900 to G1800.

UEs on G1800 can move to G900 in connected mode due to coverage.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

U900 U900 U900 U900

U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F1

CS LDR (to G900)

Load balance layer

Blind IFHO LDR (co-sector, bi and uni-directional)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Parameter U2100 F1 U2100 F2 U2100 F3 U2100 F4 U900

Qqualmin -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB

Qrxlevmin -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm)

Qhyst2 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB)

IdleSintrasearch 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB)

IdleSintersearch 4(8dB) 4(8dB) 127 (Off) 127 (Off) 127 (Off)

To U900/F2 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F2 - True

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

CS 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm

CS 2F -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm

H 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm