Assignment on

Motivation of employees
of
Warid Telecom International Limited.

1 Assignment: Motivation
 “Assignment on Motivation of employees of
Warid Telecom International Limited”

PREPARED FOR
Mrs. Rezbin Nahar
Lecturer & Course Instructor
School of Business Studies
Southeast University
Bangladesh.

PREPARED BY
Jiban Kumar Ray
nd
MBA (Regular), 22 Batch
Section-B
ID: 2009110001062
School of Business Studies
Southeast University

Date of Submission: 19th December 2009

2 Assignment: Motivation
Date: December 19, 2009

Mrs. Rezbin Nahar

Lecturer & Course Instructor
School of Business Studies
Southeast University Bangladesh

Subject: Submission of Assignment.

Dear Madam,

It is my pleasure to submit the assignment on “Motivation of employees of Warid Telecom

International Limited” as a part of partial fulfillment of the requirements for the course
Organizational Behavior in the semester fall 2009.

I have enjoyed and learned a lot in preparing this assignment which enriched my practical
knowledge of the theoretical concept. I tried to reflect the practical operational aspects of the
organization which is complementary to the theoretical lessons.

Should you need any further query information to evaluate the assignment, it would be my
immense pleasure to furnish you the same on situational method.

Sincerely Yours

………………………………….
Jiban Kumar Ray
nd
MBA (Regular), 22 Batch, Section-B
ID: 2009110001062
School of Business Studies
Southeast University Bangladesh

3 Assignment: Motivation
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At first my heartiest thanks to Almighty GOD allowing me to prepare the assignment and in the
same time I would like to express my sincere gratitude and cordial thanks to my reverend
teacher Mrs. Rezbin Nahar Lecturer & Course Instructor, Southeast University Bangladesh, for
her inspiring teaching, guidelines, moral support, valuable instructions and helpful attitudes during
the course of studies.

I also express my warm gratitude and cordial thanks to Mr. Dewan Hamid Reza Asst. Manager,
Quality Assurance, in providing all valuable information’s regarding and related to the assignment
study materials of Warid Telecom International Limited & for his kind prior permission and
introducing me to Admin sections where I received generous helps.

I am also grateful to all of my colleagues and friends who are the employees of Warid Telecom
International Limited.

4
Assignment: Motivation
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Assignment addresses the critical analysis on Motivation of employees of Warid Telecom
International Limited and is mandatory assignment for the course Organizational Behavior of
MBA (Regular) program, Southeast University is very much beneficial to have practical exposure
of how things really go in the organization. I am proud to do the assignment with Warid and this
experience wills surely help me in my future professional and career life. The absolute guidance
and concern of higher management with immense cooperation of the staff of various departments
facilitated in making my assignment a wonderful learning experience in all aspects. With few
degree of limitations like time, analysis of employees financial benefits, Challenges of employment
and accumulation of confidential HRM strategy this assignment describes how Motivation and
motivational factors functioning in Warid.

5 Assignment: Motivation
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………… ..7

Origin of the assignment…………………………………………………………. ..8
Objective of the assignment……………………………………………………... ..8
Motivation………………………………………………………………………….. ..8
Chapter 2 BACKGROUND OF WARID TELECOM………………………………………….. 10
About Warid……………………………………………………………………….. 11
Vision & Mission…………………………………………………………………... 12
Key Strengths……………………………………………………………………... 13
Chapter 3 BUSINESS STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT………………………………… 15
Warid Telecom Team…………………………………………………………….. 16
Organizational Structure…………………………………………………………. 19
Departments………………………………………………………………………. 20
Segmentation & Strategy Division………………………………………………. 21
Idea Development………………………………………………………………… 21
Events……………………………………………………………………………… 22
Chapter 4 THEORIES IMPLEMENTATION……………………………………………………. 23
SOWT Analysis…………………………………………………………………… 24
Working for Warid………………………………………………………………… 25
Warid Motivation………………………………………………………………….. 26
Theories and Warid Motivation………………………………………………….. 28
Maslow’s need hierarchy theory………………………………………………… 28
Herzberg’s two factor theory…………………………………………………….. 29
Theory “X” and Theory “Y”………………………………………………………... 30
Equity theory………………………………………………………………………. 31
Expectancy Theory……………………………………………………………….. 32
McClelland’s theory of needs 32
Chapter 5 FINDINGS……………………………………………………………………………… 33
Methodology……………………………………………………………………….. 34
Observed motivational factors…………………………………………………… 34
Results……………………………………………………………………………… 35
Questionnaire Details……………………………………………………………. 38
Chapter 6 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………… 39
Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………. 40
Reference ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41

6 Assignment: Motivation
 1

INTRODUCTION

7 Internship Report: Warid

 INTRODUCTION

ORIGIN OF THE ASSIGNMENT

MBA academic program is the building up of the theoretical knowledge about business administration
which is the base of practical knowledge. MBA assignment work is an attempt to provide the students
an orientation to a real life business situation in which we can observe and evaluate the practical
use and applicability of the theoretical concepts which were taught in the classrooms. As per norm
this assignment is the requirement of the fulfillment of the course Organizational Behavior. This
assignment is the outcome of approaches of Motivation of employees in Warid Telecom
International Limited

OBJECTIVES OF THE ASSIGNMENT

Broad Objectives of the Study: To find out Motivational Factors in Warid Telecom.
Specific Objectives of the Assignment:

1. To furnish practical knowledge with theoretical motivational factors.

2. To identify the effect of motivational theories as studied in classrooms.
3. To fulfill the course requirements.

MOTIVATION
Motivation is the part of psychological behavior. The word “Motivation” comes from the Latine word
“Movere”. In English it means “To move”. The term motivation as popularly used refers to the cause
or why of behavior. Used in this sense motivation would cover all of Psychology, since psychology
is the study of human behavior. A motivated Organism will engage in an activity more vigorously
and more efficiently than an unmotivated one. However the vocabulary of motivation is large. Such
terms as motive, purpose, desire, goal, preference, perception, attitude and incentives all have
their place. Regardless of the individual word applied at any given moment, a person is likely to
have a number of motives, drives, incentives, desires, wishes and purposes operating at the
same time. Whether, these types of people act upon the individual simultaneously. Motivation
theories are generalizations about the “Why” and “How” of purposeful behavior. 

Assignment: Motivation
8
  
 
 
Motivation is a human psychological characteristic that contributes to a person’s degree of
commitment. Motivation is a set of forces that cause people to behave in certain process where
drives, desires, needs, wishes and similar process are applying into general term may define as
motivation. For purpose and direction motivation is considered under the psychological process.

Finally Motivation is not only a process but also it has the accountability of individual’s intensity,
directions and persistence of effort toward attaining goal.

9 Assignment: Motivation
 2

BACKGROUND OF
WARID TELECOM

10 Assignment: Motivation
 BACKGROUND OF WARID TELECOM

ABOUT WARID
The Abu Dhabi Group is a multinational company based in the UAE, which owns and operates a wide
range of business concerns that are spread across 3 different continents. It has a diversified
business interest in the institutions that have enjoyed commercial success as a result of its strong
financial resources and extensive management expertise. The Abu Dhabi Group's major investments
are in the following sectors:

Telecommunications
Hospitality services
Property development
Oil exploration and supplies
Banking and financial services
Automobile industries

Warid Telecom takes pride in being backed by the Abu Dhabi Group, one of the largest groups
in the Middle East and in Pakistan.

Warid Telecom is currently operational in Bangladesh and Pakistan, while it is also setting pace
to initiate its operation in Uganda & Congo. Within the markets Warid is already operating, it
has quickly developed a large customer base and established itself as one of the leaders of
telecom service sector.

In Bangladesh, Warid Telecom commenced its operations under a landmark MOU agreed upon
by the Dhabi Group and the Government of Bangladesh worth USD 1 billion, out of which USD
750 million was exclusively committed for investment in the telecommunication sector of the
country. Succeeding the MOU signing, the BTRC license for telecom service provision was
issued to Warid Telecom, followed by the signing of interconnectivity agreement with all the
existing telecom companies of Bangladesh.

In May 10th, 2007, Warid Telecom launched its commercial operations in Bangladesh with a
network encompassing 26 districts. By November 2007, the network had been expanded to cover
61 districts and being used by 2 million customers.

Based on the NGN (Next-Generation) network, Warid Telecom's operational activities in

Bangladesh aim to achieve a new and modern corporate identity, which is congruent with the
dynamic changes taking place in the telecom industry today. With a reflection of a new strategy,
our aim is to be perceived not only as a telecommunication operator of voice services, but also as
a universal provider of comprehensive communications services for both residential and business
customers.

11 Assignment: Motivation
VISION
Warid Telecom's vision is "To be the leading national communication provider with a strong
international presence."

To become the essential communication provider in Bangladesh of high quality voice and
innovative data services by offering affordable products and services to all market segments and
to become an integral part of their everyday lives.

Warid Telecom's brand values include:

Simplicity
Honesty
Innovation
Quality
Dynamic
Friendly

MISSION

Establish and sustain as a customer centric organization

Provide high quality and innovative communication services, through state of the art
infrastructure and a team of professionals
Continuously develop, motivate and empower our people
Achieve profitable growth for all our stakeholders

12 Assignment: Motivation
KEY STRENGTHS

The Network
At the corner stone of Warid Telecom’s operational agenda is ensuring that comprehensive
network coverage is provided to all subscribers across all locations. In this context, Warid
Telecom has decided to opt for GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) technology
for its network in Bangladesh, as it is the global standard for digital cellular telephone service.
GSM networks support enhanced data applications and more than 1 billion customers in 109
countries are using this technology. Warid Telecom would be launching its cellular services
based on 900 and 1800 GSM technology, in order to optimize the utilization of frequency, thus
ensuring the highest quality and service.

Warid Telecom’s GSM network is set to cover 61 districts of Bangladesh to ensure that our
service can seamlessly reach out to every corner of the country. We are also in the process of fast
expanding our nationwide network to cover all thanas by the end of 2007.

Warid are partners with some of the leading vendors in the telecom industry who help in providing
the best and the latest network solutions for our businesses. These vendors include cellular giants
Ericsson, Nortel, Siemens, Cisco and Huawei.

Research & Development

Warid have made no compromise on investments required for research and development. With a
projected capital expenditure of over US $700 million, Warid Telecom has been set up to
provide a premium quality GSM service, which will reach out to most parts of Bangladesh by the
end of 2007

Technological frontier

Warid has pioneered in key technologies which include the following:

Custom-made network for Bangladesh’s environment

Congestion-free connectivity in all coverage areas
Roll out plan for complete national populated coverage by 200X
Future professional network (GPRS compatible and 3G upgraded with soft switch and
media gateway architecture)
State of the art IP based contact center and leading data center

13 Assignment: Motivation
Exclusive Customer Care
Mandate for doing businesses by keeping customers at the forefront is reflected in our 'one
stop' concept for all your telecom requirements. We have the maximum number of Sales and
Customer Service Centers countrywide, equipped with cutting edge technologies to ensure that
customer needs and demands are catered for in the shortest possible time. Our highly trained and
well-groomed team of Customer Service Executives is on hand 24 hours to provide you support
in any area- all to make sure that your communication experience with use is facilitated in the
smoothest way possible

Best Practices

Warid believe in a process driven setup with comprehensive business processes covering all our
activities. All business processes are ETOM compliant as per accredited international standards.

Innovation

Warid is committed to providing superior level of professional services to all its customers -
before, during and after the deployment of our leading solutions. To accommodate our customer's
demands, we have deployed a state-of-the-art 2.5G EDGE compliant network. There are also
innovative services of various standards that cater to a wide spectrum of users.

Policies

Warid Telecom believes in working with strategic partners and employees for long term relationships. As
a consequence of the above Warid Telecom is looking for the following to deliver its vision: Strategic
vendors and partners to assist in rolling out these services in a timely and efficient manner with a focus on
turnkey solutions and premium propositions; Strong partners to assist in launching these services and
creating effective sales & marketing / business development opportunities for all to operationally and
financially gain; Consultants and experts to help deliver this vision; Well rounded employees who wish to
become part of this adventure.

14 Assignment: Motivation
 3

BUSINESS STRUCTURE AND

MANAGEMENT
Warid Telecom

15 Assignment: Motivation
WARID TELECOM TEAM

Mr. Muneer Farooqui

Chief Executive Officer
Mr. Muneer Farooqui is the CEO of Warid Telecom International Ltd. He is holding a Master degree in
Computer Science from Preston University, USA. He has professional experience of more than 16 years
of continuous advancement and expertise in process re-engineering, CS, sales, international business,
product support & systems implementations.

Mr. Mumtaz Ahmad Khan, Ph.D

General Manager HR & A

Mr. Mumtaz Ahmad Khan is General Manager Human Resource & Administration in Warid
Telecom International Limited, Bangladesh. He bags over thirty five years of varied and
multidimensional experience where his major work association has been with the telecom sector.
He is PhD in Human Resource Development (HRD)

Mr. Ashraful H. Chowhdury

General Manager of Govt & Operator
Relations

Mr. Ashraful H. Chowhdury is the General Manager of Government and Operator Relations. He
has 22 years of experience in Private Sector Business Development, HRD Management &
Personnel Administration, Project Management & Corporate Communication, International
Marketing and Export Development, ICT & Telecommunication Project Management in South
Asia, Europe, Scandinavia, North America and the Caribbean.

16 Assignment: Motivation
Mr. Mahboob Hossain
General Manager, Sales Division

Mr. Mahboob Hossain is leading the Sales Division of Warid Telecom International Limited. His
work experience in telecom sector is around ten years. Prior to joining Warid, he was heading
Direct Sales of the Sales Discipline in Grameenphone. He has also been a part of RANGS
Electronics where he was taking care of the operations pertaining to sales and marketing.

Mr. Yasir Ishaq Ansari

Chief Information Officer
Mr. Yasir I. Ansari is the CIO of Warid Telecom International, Bangladesh. He bags 15 years of
Systems Engineering and Management experience in IT and Data networking with “Tier 1”
technology firms. Expertise in design, commissioning, policy making and delivery of cost-
effective, high performance information technology infrastructures and applications to address
complex business problems.

Mr. Amyn Merchant

Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Merchant possesses 15 years of long and enriched international financial management
experience in various celebrated companies like, Ernst & Young and Advanced Telecom Co - a
pioneer prepaid calling card company, in Saudi Arabia, British Telecom - in Saudi Arabia & the
UAE, & Hewlett Packard in Canada.

17 Assignment: Motivation
Mr. Azmat Mushtaq Khan
Deputy General Manager Strategic Planning & Business Development

Mr. Azmat Mushtaq Khan is handling the business affairs pertaining to strategic planning and
business development. He has completed his MBA from Asian Institute of Technology, 1997. As
the precursor to developing a strategic plan, it is desirable to clearly identify the current status,
objectives and strategies of an existing business or the latest thinking in respect of a new venture.
He has the ability to work on such lines and develop business strategies for the Company.

Mr. Nauman Fakhar

Head of Customer Service

Mr. Nauman Fakhar has joined Warid Telecom International Limited on May 07, 2008 as Head
of Customer Service Division. He bags 11 years of work experience both in telecom and banking
sectors. Before joining Warid, he served in Telenor Pakistan as a lead in Customer Relationship
Management. He also worked in American Express Bank for around eight years in various
positions.

18 Assignment: Motivation
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

BEC

CEO

ADVISOR

CSO
CIO CCO

GM

Divisional
Managers

Asst.
Managers

R.M.C

Z.S.M Sr. Executive

B.C.M Jr. Executive

F.M

19 Assignment: Motivation
 .
DEPARTMENTALIZATION

Warid Telecom (Pvt.) Ltd. Head office is in EFU House on Jail road, Lahore. Warid has the maximum
number of Sales and Customer Service Centers countrywide, backed by two state-of-the-art Contact
Centers of international standards that are equipped with the right facilities to ensure real-time online
services. Their highly trained and well-groomed team of Customer Service Executives provides round-
the-clock-support. Warid has setup Corporate Lounges, with a customer-friendly environment to provide
personalized care to our corporate clients. Furthermore, an extensive network of franchises, kiosks and
mobile units ensure easy and convenient accessibility. Different divisions, department and functionaries
working in the head office are

1. Marketing

2. Human Resources

3. Financial Accounting & Revenue Assurance

4. Sales & Customer Services

5. Administration

6. Products & Services

7. Procurement & Logistics

8. Legal Affairs

9. Engineering & Information Technology

10. Audit & Risk Services

11. Quality Assurance

12. International Business

13. Public Relations

14. Operations and Project Management

15. Govt. Relations

20 Assignment: Motivation
Segmentation and Strategy Division
Warid Telecom has divided its segmentation and strategy division into five segments on the basis
of their characteristics. Markets consist of buyers and buyers differ in one or more ways. They
may differ in their wants, resources, locations, buying attitudes and buying practices. The core
concept behind companies using marketing segmentation concept is to divide large homogeneous
markets into smaller segments that can be reached effectively and efficiently with products and
services that satisfy needs, wants, desires and trends of certain segment.

Characteristics that govern segmentation and strategy development in Telecom industry

specifically mobile services according to a certain segment are

Age
Educational background
Gender
Income
National, regional or other geographical areas of origin
Social class
Religion
Culture
Behaviors
Population
Tele density in area to be segmented

Idea Development
Develop an idea that would satisfy the above considerations. The idea can be

1. Development of a product or service; that idea is then shaped in the form of the
product or services with the help of Products and Services department, I.T and
Engineering departments to develop a product or service.
2. Event to improve sales, public relations, brand awareness e.g. events such as
Kabaddi Takkar Series between Pakistan and India in collaboration of Pakistan
Kabaddi Federation, Tape Ball tournament and Concerts.

After getting the idea approved by the authorities by preparing a feasibility report. The next
step is to get documentation done for idea conversion costs.

Idea Conversion Costs that note and getting it approved by the authorities. After getting
the idea approved will be incurred in converting an idea into reality. This step includes
developing a CEO note. CEO note is developed with the help of departments related to
the project.

Artworks, TVCs elaborating the ideas are designed by the communications department
and then it is forwarded to marketing operations for execution of ideas.

21 Assignment: Motivation
Events

Warid not only participates in events but also organizes such events and activities that highlights
its commitment to have good public relations, create brand awareness, taking social
responsibilities programs. Instances of such events include Warid sponsoring OIC IT and
Telecom expo and conference 2008, taking part in ITCN 2008.

These events include sponsoring and organizing

tournaments
conferences
parties
seminars
CSR activities

22 Assignment: Motivation
 4
THEORIES
IMPLEMENTATION

23 Assignment: Motivation
SOWT ANALYSIS

In order to find what are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facedby Warid
Telecom International. How can they increase their market share in Bangladesh Cellular
industry?

The SWOT Analysis of Warid Telecom is given below

Strengths of Warid
Superior product quality for customers
Better customer relationship than competitors
Extra features and services
Committed and efficient staff
Strong financial base
Products innovations ongoing
Good reputation among customers
Good packages according to the target market
Management is rational and understanding the situation
Low price as compared to quality provided

Weaknesses of Warid
Less time in market as compared to major competitors
Less coverage as compared to major competitors
Less experienced employees than competitors
“Seth organization”
Not able to capitalize on start

Opportunities for Warid

A developing market
Mergers, joint ventures or strategic alliances
Could develop new products
Extension to overseas
Decline of major competitors
Technologically better environment
New launches
More customers after relaunch

24 Assignment: Motivation
WORKING FOR WARID
For the people who are innovative, qualified, talented, creative and a team worker, Warid is the place
for you!

Offering unlimited opportunities for personal and professional growth, Warid Telecom hires individuals
who are confident and ready to make a difference. With competitive salaries and a team-oriented
culture that encourages creativity, empowerment and entrepreneurial spirit, Warid is sure to take your
Careers to new heights.

Compensation and Benefits

Warid believe in pay for performance which makes Warid an ideal place for people with a can do attitude.

Employee Development
We focus on vision development exercises, team building activities, in-house and external trainings as
well as competence development programs and object setting exercises.

Culture
We promote a team-oriented and entrepreneurial culture, which allows employees to grow both personally
and professionally, and to contribute to the success of the company throughout their Careers.

Diversity
We are committed to a diverse and inclusive work environment, which is essential to outstanding business
success. The existing employee force of Warid has a blend of talented individuals having worked with well-
reputed multinational and local companies.

25 Assignment: Motivation
WARID MOTIVATION

Concept of Motivation
The beginning of the twenty century motivation was not introduced popularly. If human beings were
free for choosing. In seventeenth and eighteenth century the philosophers respectively Restarts,
Hobbes, Locke and Hume concepted a more mechanistic view. They suggested that some actions
arise from internal or external forces where there is no control. According to Hobbes behave should
be such a way where pain is being avoided and achieve pleasure. No matter what reasons we may
give for our conduct, there two tendencies are the underlying causes of all behavior.

View on Motivation
Each and every theory has origin. In motivation there are three perspectives. These are -

1) The traditional approach.

2) The human relation approach.
3) The human resource approach.
Human relation approach
It’s emphasized on the role of social processes in the workplace. For that employees have the need
of social needs. For motivating the people this need is so important than money.

Human resource approach

Human resource view assumes that the contribution of illusion and participation are valuable
to both individuals and organizations. It assumes that people want to contribute and are able to
make genuine contributions. This philosophy indicates the contemporary thinking about employee
motivation.

Choice of 
Need or  Search for ways to  behavior to 
deficiency  satisfy need  satisfy need 

Determination of 
Evaluation of need 
future needs and 
satisfaction 
search/ choice for 
satisfaction

Fig: Warid Motivation flow

Assignment: Motivation
26
 Relationship between Motivation and Satisfaction
        Motivation is a general process applying to the entire class of drives, needs, wishes and similar
forces. By which element the demand will be fulfilled and after fulfilling this when someone is
feeling content that is called satisfaction.

The relationship between motivation and satisfaction are given below by a diagram.

Motivation Results

Satisfaction

Fig: Relationship between Motivation and Satisfaction

 
Job satisfaction must have by a person but they have a low level of motivation for the job. This
indicates that low job satisfaction with highly motivated persons look for other position. So that people
who find their position rewarding but are being paid considerably less than they deserve will probably
search for other jobs.

27 Assignment: Motivation
 THEORIES AND WARID MOTIVATION

Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory

Need hierarchy is developed by Abraham Maslow who is a humanistic psychologist. He developed a
model in his book “Motivation and Personality”. In this hierarchical model, when a need is mostly satisfied
it no longer motivates and the next higher need takes its place. However Maslow developed this needs
hierarchy in 1943. Maslow’s hierarchy suggests that human needs can be classified into five categories.

Physiological needs:

These needs are the most basic physical needs for food, water, shelter, oxygen etc. On the job these
needs consists of needs for equal to heat air and a base salary to ensure survival.

Security and safety needs:

These are the needs for a safe and secure or freedom from war, poison, violence. In the workplace, these
needs consist of work safety, job security, health insurance and fringe benefits.

Belongingness needs:

These needs represent that the needs to have satisfactory social relationship to be accepted by one’s
peers, to be part of a group. In the organization these needs are reflected by the need to participate in
a work group and to have positive relationship with both co-workers and supervisors.

Esteem needs:

These needs deal with the desire to receive attention and appreciation from others. In a work environment
these needs deal with for status and recognition for one’s contributions to the work group and the
organization.

Self-actualization:

At the top of the Maslow’s hierarchy is the open-ended category self actualization. It is the desire to become
what one is capable of becoming – to maximize one’s potential and to accomplish something.

These need hierarchy are given in below table with example-

28 Assignment: Motivation
 Example:
Need Home Job place
Education, religion, Training, advancement,
Self-actualization
hobbies, personal growth growth, creativity
Approval of family, friends, Recognition, high status,
Esteem
community responsibility
Family, friends, clubs Teams, depts., coworkers,
Social
clients
Freedom from war, poison, Work safety, job security,
Safety
violence health insurance
Physiological Oxygen, food water Heat, air, base salary

All needs are coming one by one. No other needs come if the first need don’t fulfill. But some
researchers criticize this theory. According to their opinion-

1) Five levels of need are not always present.

2) The order of the level is not always same.
3) People from different cultures are likely to have different need categories and hierarchies.

Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

In the 1950s Frederick Harzberg and his associates interviewed 200 engineers and accountants and by
research he discovered the perception of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. From this research Herzberg
concluded that job dissatisfaction and satisfaction arose from two separate sets of factors.
These factors are-

1) Hygiene factors
2) Motivating factors

Hygiene factors: 
Hygiene factors refer to these facilities which make employees neither dissatisfied nor motivated. These
factors are the basic factors and related with work environment for example supervision working, salary,
job security, status etc.

           Motivating factor: 
Motivating factor refers to these facilities which make employees motivated. These factors are related with
work content such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, and the work itself etc.

According to Herzberg and from this diagram we can say that employees feel “satisfaction” and “motivation”
when motivation factors are present in organization. If these factors are not present then employees feel “No
satisfaction”. But Herzberg says that “No satisfaction” does not mean “Dissatisfaction”. Again when Hygiene
factors are present in organizations then employees feel “Not dissatisfaction”. But “Not dissatisfaction” does
not mean “Satisfaction”. If these factors are not present in organization, they feel “Dissatisfaction”.

29 Assignment: Motivation
 Example:
Motivation factors Hygiene factors
• Achievement • Supervisors
• Recognition • Working conditions
• The work itself • Interpersonal relations
• Responsibility • Pay and security
• Advancement • status

Satisfaction No satisfaction Dissatisfaction No dissatisfaction

 
Criticize have found Herzberg’s theory. This are-
1) The findings in Heszberg’s initial interviews are subject to different explanations.
2) This research sample was not sufficient to represent the whole population.
3) No research is held in Herzberg Theory.
.

Theory “X” and Theory “Y”

Theory ‘X’ and Theory ‘Y’: Douglas MC Gregor developed this theory ‘X’ and theory ‘Y’. He introduced
this theory in 1960. Actually these ‘X’ and ‘Y’ theory’s perceptions about how people do behave at work
and organizational life.

Theory ‘X’ indicates that it is the “Negative” perception of Subordinates and theory ‘Y’ indicates that
“Positive” perception of subordinates.

Assumption of Theory ‘X’

1) Dislike of Work: Inherently people dislike for work and try their level best to avoid the work.
2) Punishment: To reach the organizational goal people must be forced, control, directed or
threatened with punishment.
3) Avoiding responsibility: People always want to avoid responsibility.
4) People seek security above all these.

          Assumption of Theory ‘Y’

           1) Enjoyable work: Work is enjoyable like play and rest.
2) Self Direction: People will exercise self direction if they are committed to the objectives.
3) Seek responsibility: People are usually seeking responsibility and seek responsibility.
4) Potentiality: People have potentiality.

30 Assignment: Motivation
 Equity Theory

Equity theory refers to an individual’s subjective judgments about the fairness of the reward she or he
got, relative to the inputs in comparison with the rewards of others. J. Stacy Adams has received a great
deal of credit for the formulation of the equity theory. The essential aspects of the equity theory may
be shown as:-

(Outcome by a Person / Inputs by a Person) = (Outcomes by another Person / Inputs by another Person)

There should be a balance of the outcomes / inputs relationship for one person in comparison with
that for another person.
.

Dissatisfaction 
Inequitable     
Reduced output 
Reward
D f
Balance or 
Imbalance of  Equitable Reward Continuation at same 
Rewards  level of output 

More than Equitable  Harder work 
Reward Discounted reward 

Fig: Equity theory diagram

If people feel that they are inequitably reward, they may be dissatisfied, reduce the quantity or quality
of output, or leave the organization. If people perceive the reward as equitable, they probably will continue
at the same level of output. If people think the rewards are greater than what is considered equitable,
they may work harder. It is also possible that some may discount the rewards.

One of the problems is that people may overestimate their own contributions and the rewards others
receive. Certain inequities may be tolerated for some time by employees. But prolonged feeling of
inequity may result in strong reactions to an apparently minor occurrence. For example, an employee
being reprimanded for being a few minutes late may get angry and decided to quit the job, not so much
because of the reprimand but because of long-standing feelings that the rewards for his or her
contributions are inequitable in comparison with others’ rewards.

31 Assignment: Motivation
 Expectancy Theory
The psychologist Victor H.Vroom holds that people will be motivated to do things to reach a goal if they
believe in the worth of that goal and if they can see that what they do will help them in achieving it. In
a sense, this is a modern expression of what Martin Luther observed centuries ago when he said,
“Everything that is done in the world is done in hope”.

In greater detail, Vroom’s theory is that people’s motivation toward doing anything will be determined
by the value they place on the outcome of their effort, multiplied by the confidence they have that their
efforts will materially aid in achieving a goal in other words, Vroom makes the point that motivation is a
product of the anticipated worth that an individual places on a goal and the chances he or she sees of
achieving that goal. In his own terms, Vroom’s theory may be stated as

Force = valence X Expectancy

Where force is the strength of a person’s motivation, valence is the strength of an individual’s preference
for an outcome, and expectancy is the probability that a particular action will lead to a desired outcome.
When a person is indifferent about achieving a certain goal, a valence of zero occurs; there is a negative
valence when the person would rather not achieve the goal. The result of either would be, of course, no
motivation. Likewise, a person would have no motivation to achieve a goal if the expectancy were zero
or negative. The force exerted to do something will depend on both valence and expectancy. Moreover,
a motive to accomplish some action might be determined by a desire to accomplish something else.
For example, a person might be willing to work hard to get out a product for a valence in the form of pay.
Or a manager might be willing to work hard to achieve company goals in marketing or production for a
promotion or pay valence.
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
David C. McClelland’s has contributed to the understanding of motivation by identifying three types of
basic motivating needs. He classified them as the need for power, need for affiliation, and need for
achievement. Considerable research has been done on methods of testing people with respect to
research, especially on the need for achievement.

     Need for Power:

McClelland and other researchers have found that people with a high need for power have a great concern
for exercising influence and control. Such individuals generally are seeking positions of leadership; they
are frequently good conversationalists, though often argumentative; they are forceful, outspoken,
hardheaded, and demanding; and they enjoy teaching and public speaking.

Need for Affiliation:

People with a high need for affiliation usually derive pleasure from being loved and tend to avoid the pain
of being rejected by a social group. As individuals, they are likely to be concerned with maintaining
pleasant social relationship, to enjoy a sense of intimacy and understanding, to be ready to console and
help others in trouble, and to enjoy friendly interaction with others.

Need for Achievement:

People with a high need for achievement have an intense cerise for success and an equally intense fear of
failure. They want to be challenged, and they set moderately difficult goals for themselves. They take a
realistic approach to risk; they are likely to be gamblers but, rather, prefer, to analyze and assess problems,
assume personal responsibility for getting a job done, and like specific and prompt feedback on how they are
doing.

32 Assignment: Motivation
 5

FINDINGS

33 Assignment: Motivation
Methodology

Based on the topic chosen by myself, I have visit Warid Telecom International Limited to observe the
current status of motive and satisfactory level of employees within the organization. The prime functions
and activities of the Warid HR and Admin department is control all the activities which includes the
assignment topics.

Target Groups

Engineers

Executives

Sales and Marketing Employees

Staffs

Observed Motivation Factors

Salary and Payments

Promotions

Supervisions from Higher Authority

Rewards

Work Environment

Co-works

Communication Channel

34 Assignment: Motivation
Salary and Payments
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 13 26
"Resistant" 23 46
"Motivated" 12 24
"Highly Motivated" 2 4
Total 50 100

"Highly Motivated'

"Motivated
"  "Badly Resistant" 

"Resistant
"  
Promotions
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 12 24
"Resistant" 31 62
"Motivated" 7 14
"Highly Motivated" 0 0
Total 50 100

"Motivated"
"Badly Resistant"

"Resistant"

Assignment: Motivation
35
Supervisions from Higher Authority
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 0 0
"Resistant" 6 12
"Motivated" 29 58
"Highly Motivated" 15 30
Total 50 100

"Highly Motivated"
"Resistant"

"Motivated

Rewards
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 2 4
"Resistant" 27 54
"Motivated" 21 42
"Highly Motivated" 0 0
Total 50 100

"Motivated" "Badly Resistant"

"Resistant"

36 Assignment: Motivation
Work Environment
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 2 4
"Resistant" 18 36
"Motivated" 25 50
"Highly Motivated" 5 10
Total 50 100

"Highly Motivated" "Badly Resistant"

"Resistant"

"Motivated"

Co-works
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 0 0
"Resistant" 4 8
"Motivated" 30 60
"Highly Motivated" 16 32
Total 50 100

"Highly Motivated" "Resistant"

"Motivated"

Assignment: Motivation
37
 Communication Channel
Weight Respondent Percent
"Badly Resistant" 0 0
"Resistant" 10 20
"Motivated" 23 46
"Highly Motivated" 17 34
Total 50 100

"Highly Motivated"
"Resistant"

"Motivated"

Questionnaire Details
 

Badly Highly
Weights Resistant Motivated
Resistant Motivated
Salary 1 2 3 4
Promotion 1 2 3 4
Supervision 1 2 3 4
Reward 1 2 3 4
Work Environment 1 2 3 4
Co-works 1 2 3 4
Communication 1 2 3 4
 

38 Assignment: Motivation
 6

CONCLUSION

39 Assignment: Motivation
CONCLUSION

With some changes at higher level including advisor to CEO, G.M Marketing much has improved this
year in Warid Telecom market rating. Warid Telecom certainly has potential to capture good market
and to give tough time to the competitors. In doing this assignment I explicitly tried to understand and
investigate the companies present and actual motivating strategies in attaing the goal. I proud fully
declared that I have learned and improved my concept and knowledge’s as tought in classroom and
relating to the theories. It is thus hoped that the aims and objectives of this assignment
have been met.

40 Assignment: Motivation
REFERENCES

Major Reference
(1) Newsletter of Warid Telecom Bangladesh Limited
(2) Newsletter of Grameen phone
(3) Newsletter of Banglalink
(4) Annual Report and Press Release of All Telecom

Web Addresses

www.dictionary.com
www.waridtel.com.bd
www.quickanswer.com
www.scribd.com
www.mbastudy.com

41 Assignment: Motivation