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HOME GENERAL STREET LIGHT GLOWING ON DETECTING VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING IR SENSOR

Street Light Glowing On Detecting Vehicle Movement


Using IR Sensor
AUGUST 30, 2017 BY ANUSHA 6 COMMENTS

Contents [hide]

1 Construction and Output Video


2 Principle of Operation
3 Circuit Diagram
4 Components
5 Microcontroller Section
6 IR Transmitter and Receiver Section
7 Load Section
8 Circuit Design
9 Working
10 Applications
11 Main Advantages of this Circuit
12 Related Articles

Street lights are the major requirement in day to day life of transportation for safety purpose
and avoiding accidents during night. Street lighting systems are becoming more complex with
rapid growth of cities.

Pro: Here is a Complete Project Guide of Street Lights Glow On Detecting Vehicles
Movement along with code.

To control and maintain such complex street lighting systems, various street light control
systems are developed. In this project, we are going to develop a project called Street Light
Control using 8051 Microcontroller, in which the street lights are automatically turned ON or
OFF based on the movement of the vehicles.

The important considerations in the development of street light control systems are
Automation, Power consumption and Cost Effectiveness.

Construction and Output Video


Principle of Operation
The principle behind the working of the project lies in the functioning of IR Sensor. We are
going to use a Transmissive type IR Sensor in this project.

In Transmissive IR Sensor, the IR transmitter and receiver are placed facing each other so that
IR receiver always detects IR Rays emitted by the IR Transmitter.

If there is an obstacle between the IR Transmitter and Receiver, the IR Rays are blocked by the
obstacle and the IR Receiver stops detecting the IR Rays.

This can be configured to turn ON or OFF the LEDs (or street lights) with the help of
microcontroller.

Circuit Diagram

DIY Project Kit: Street Light that Glows on Detecting Vehicle Movement

Components

REQUIRED COMPONENTS

Microcontroller Section
AT89C52 Microcontroller
AT89C52 Programmer Board
11.0592 MHz Quartz Crystal
22pF Ceramic Capacitor
2 x 10K Resistor
10uF Electrolytic Capacitor
Push Button

IR Transmitter and Receiver Section


8 x IR LED (IR Transmitters)
8 x 470R Resistor
8 x Photo Diode (IR Receivers)
8 x 3.3K Resistor
1K x 8 Resistor Pack

Load Section
8 x 2N2222 NPN Transistors
8 x 100R Resistor
8 x White LEDs

Circuit Design
The main components of the project are AT89C52 Microcontroller, IR Sensor (IR Transmitter
and IR Receiver) and LEDs.

The basic connections required for 8051 Microcontroller involve crystal, reset and External
Access.

In order to use the on-chip oscillator, the 8051 microcontroller requires an external clock. This
is provided by a crystal oscillator. An 11.0592MHz quartz crystal is connected to XTAL1 and
XTAL2 pins with two 22pF ceramic capacitors connected to it.

The reset circuit of the microcontroller consists of a 10K resistor, 10uF capacitor and a push
button. All the connections of the reset circuit are shown in the circuit diagram.

External access Pin is used to access external memory when it is connected to ground.
Anyway, we are not going to use any external memory here. So, connect this pin to Vcc via a
10K resistor.

The next hard ware we are going to connect is the IR Receiver. We are going to connect the 8
IR receivers to port 0 pins of the microcontroller. In order to use the PORT0 as I/O port, we
need to connect external pullup resistors to the port 0 pins.
s
After that, connect the output of the IR receiver i.e. anode terminal of the photo diode to port 0
pins. Cathode terminals of the photo diodes are connected to supply. Also, a 3.3k Resistor is
connected between the anode terminal and ground.

The next part of the circuit is IR transmitter. IR transmitter is not a part of the microcontroller
connections as the only job of the IR transmitter is to continuously emit infrared rays.

Hence, connect the 8 IR transmitters with corresponding 8 current limiting resistors of 470
ohms with a power supply.

Finally, we need to connect the LEDs. We need to connect the LEDs with the help of
transistors to the PORT2 of the microcontroller. The base of the 8 2N2222 transistors is
connected to the PORT 2 of the microcontroller while the emitters of the transistors are
connected to ground.

An LED along with a series current limiting resistor of 100 ohms is connected to the each of
the collector terminal of the transistor.
Working
The aim of this project is to design a street light control system using 8051 microcontroller,
which automatically turns on or off the street lights by detecting the movement of vehicles.
The working of the project is explained here.
Below GIF demonstrates the working of the project.
The IR transmitter is placed directly in line of sight with IR receiver, so that the IR receiver
continuously receives infrared rays. Once the IR receiver receives infrared rays, the
microcontroller will detect Logic 1. If the infrared rays are blocked by some means, the
microcontroller will detect logic 0.

So, the program for the microcontroller must be written in such a way that it will turn ON the
LEDs, which means here the street lamp, when it detects Logic 0 and it will turn OFF the LEDs,
when it detects Logic 1.

Consider the two IR sensors i.e. IR Transmitter and IR Receiver are placed on the either side of
the road. As per the circuit diagram, the IR receivers are connected to the PORT0 and the LEDs
are connected to the PORT2 of the microcontroller.

At the beginning, when there is no obstacle, the IR receiver continuously detects IR light
transmitted by the IR Transmitter. When a car or any other vehicle blocks any of the IR sensor,
the microcontroller will turn ON the immediate three LEDs.

If the car blocks the first IR sensor, the first three LEDs are turned ON by the microcontroller.
As the car moves forward and blocks the second IR sensor, the corresponding next three LEDs
will be turned ON and the first LED of the previous set is turned OFF. The process continues
this way for all the IR Sensors and LEDs.

Applications
1. This street light control circuit can be used in normal roads, highways, express ways etc.
2. This project can also be used in parking areas of malls, hotels, industrial lighting, etc.

Main Advantages of this Circuit


If the lighting system implements all LED lights, the cost of the maintenance can be
reduced as the life span and durability of LEDs is higher than Neon based lights which
are normally used as street lights.
As the lights are automatically turned ON or OFF, huge amount of energy can be saved.
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8051 AT89C51 and LM35 Microcontroller

FILED UNDER: 8051 MICROCONTROLLER, EMBEDDED, GENERAL, MINI PROJECTS

Comments

shankar says
SEPTEMBER 24, 2016 AT 2:29 PM

hello anusha plzz keep the circuit diagram i cant understand properly pic is very low clarity

Reply
Danush Ndar says
FEBRUARY 27, 2017 AT 6:53 AM

Hey,
Can you please send the working code for this project at nadar.danushkran@siesgst.ac.in
Thanks in advance.

Reply

Pankaj Kumar says


APRIL 9, 2017 AT 6:03 AM

Sir, can you please send me the program of the above described circuit? It would be of
great help. please

Reply

B.SREEKANTH says
APRIL 21, 2017 AT 12:22 AM

THIS IS VERY USEFUL TO ME ..THANK YOU SO MUCH

Reply

shivani bairi says


JULY 23, 2017 AT 8:43 AM

sir could you plz send me the code of street lights that glow on detecting vehicle
movement using 8051

Reply

Anusha says
JULY 28, 2017 AT 9:25 AM

Here is the course of this project using 8051.You can get complete information of the
project along with code..

Reply
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