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ENV20

Introduction to Environmental Engineering


1st Term 2017-2018

Part I. Write the meaning of the following acronyms: (10 pts)


1. PO Permit to Operate
2. EMB Environmental Management Bureau
3. ODS Ozone Depleting Substances
4. EGF Environmental Guarantee Fund
5. AQMF Air Quality Management Fund
6. NAAQGV National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values
7. POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants
8. GWP Global warming Potential
9. AAQGV Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values
10. TLV Threshold Limit Value

Part II. Answer the questions below:

1. What are criteria pollutants? Give the criteria pollutants enumerated in R.A. 8749. Complete table below: (35 pts)

Criteria Pollutants Major Source Acceptable TLV Environmental Impact Control


Technology
(1) SOx Fossil fuel and low- Acid rain: damage to
grade fuel (coal) 2 ppm (8 hours) plants/animals, smog, Flue gas
combustion, non- haze; aesthetic damage; desulfurization
ferrous metal corrosion of materials
smelting, H2S,
mercaptans
(2) NOx Burning fuel, power Photochemical smog- Some abatement
generation plants, 3-5 ppm injurious to technologies are
industrial furnaces, plants/animals and currently available
transportations, waste human health. Increased such as Flue gas
disposal systems nitrogen leading upsets recirculation, Low
the chemical balance of NOx burners
nutrients in water bodies (LNB) and
Eutrophication w/c combustion
leads to O2 depletion optimization.
(3) Carbon Monoxide incomplete Prevents blood from Emission Controls
combustion of 35 ppm (8 hours) carrying oxygen thus are used in todays
carbon-containing extremely harmful to life such as air
fuels, such as humans injection, exhaust
gasoline, natural gas, Contributes to the gas recirculation,
oil, coal, and wood formation of smog or catalytic converter
ground-level ozone and other
emission.

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ENV20
Introduction to Environmental Engineering
1st Term 2017-2018

(4) Particulate Matter agricultural Alteration of local Cyclones,


operations, industrial 1 ppm (24 hours) weather, corrosive scrubbers,
processes, damage and reductions electrostatic
combustion of wood in visibility (smog/haze) precipitator,
and fossil fuels, baghouse filter
construction and
demolition activities,
and entrainment of
road dust into the air
(5) Lead paint, gasoline, Lead accumulates in the Acid
solder, consumer 0.15 ppm environment and may neutralization
products (8 hours) be retained in the soil system in battery
for up to 2000 years; plants, and used of
can also displace other air filtration
metals from the binding systems composed
sites on organic matter, of settling
hindering chemical chambers,
breakdown of inorganic cyclones, bag
soil fragments and may house and
be taken up readily scrubbers
plants
(6) Ozone chemical reactions
between oxides of Vapor recovery
nitrogen (NOx) and 0.03ppm Can cause inflammation nozzles at the
volatile organic (0.25 hours) and irritate lung airways gasoline pumps to
compounds (VOC) in reduce refueling
the presence of emissions
sunlight
(7) VOC paints, paint stripper
sand other solvents
wood preservatives
aerosol sprays
cleansers and 10-15 ppm Photochemical smog Adsorption using
disinfectants (8 hours) formation activated carbon
moth repellents and
air fresheners
stored fuels and
automotive products
hobby supplies
dry-cleaned clothing
pesticide

2. If you will be in-charge with the site selection for an industrial plant, which would you prefer, in an attainment area or
in a non-attainment area? Explain your answer using RA 8749 Provisions on Attainment and Non-attainment areas. (15
pts)
Non-attainment areas encounter persistent air pollution due to the inadequacy of the technologies within the areas.
Hence, such areas are "still developing," and may have violated the national and local air quality standards more
than industries within attainment areas. Maintenance and solution for air quality problems are also limited available
in non-attainment areas. Hence, the most suitable site for starting up an industry is within attainment areas.
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ENV20
Introduction to Environmental Engineering
1st Term 2017-2018

3. What will you do if a problem arise in the plant (i.e. boiler broke down) to avoid violations of Clean Air Act? (10 pts)
Boilers are essential equipment in many industrial processes. For example, these equipment supply steam to the
processes for heating. Sudden breakdown of boilers may cause great interruption to the energy supply, thus,
immediate action must be taken by experienced engineers to avoid production of contaminants to the
environment. In order to avoid these problems, the person in charge within the plant should have an intensive
knowledge of the process in order to properly troubleshoot the equipment. Immediate action includes filing of a
written report to the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) of the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR). The report must contain a descriptive timeline for the events during air emission, as well as
the proposed sources and maintenance solutions

Excellence is an art won by training and habituation. We do not act rightly because we have virtue or excellence, but we
rather have those because we have acted rightly. We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a
habit.
- ARISTOTLE

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