Procesos de manufactura mecánica: reducción de masa

Mechanical Manufacturing
Ing. Sal Castaeda Escobedo
Manufacturing Processes
Classification
Mechanical Reducing (Reduccin Mecnica)
Mass Reducing
Reduccin de Masa Thermal Reducing (Reduccin Trmica)
Chemical Reducing (Reduccin Qumica)
Shaping Mass Conserving Consolidation (Consolidacin)

Procesos que dan Forma Conservacin de Masa
Deformation (Deformacin)
Joining Mechanical Joining (Unin Mecnica)

Manufacturing Processes Unin Thermal Joining (Unin Trmica)
Procesos de Manufactura Chemical Joining (Unin Qumica)
Heat Treatment Annealing (Recodido)

Tratamiento Trmico Hardening (Endurecimiento)
Nonshaping Other (Otros)
Procesos que no dan Forma
Surface Finishing Surface Preparation (Preparacin de Superficie)
Acabado Superficial Surface Coating (Recubrimiento de Superficie)
Surface Modification (Modificacin de Superficie)
Mass reduction processes
Turning/Facing (Torneado/Careado)
Single-point Cutting Perforado (Boring)
Corte de punto simple Shaping/Planing (Formado/Aplanado)
Parting/Grooving (Ranurado)
Threading (SP) (Roscado)
Drilling (Taladrado)
Reaming (Rimeado)
Reducing (Chips) Multipoint Cutting Milling/Routing (Fresado/Ruteado)
Reduccin (rebaba) Corte multipunto Threading (MP) (Roscado)
Sawing (Aserrado)
Gear Cutting (Cortado con engrane)
Abrasive Machining Grinding (Esmerilado)

Mechanical Reduction Maquinado abrasivo Superfinishing (Superacabado)
Reduccin Mecnica Ultrasonic Machining (Maquinado ultrasonico)
Jet Machining (Maquinado Jet)
Shearing Squaring (Cuadrar)

Cortado Slitting (Hender)
Rotary Shearing (Corte rotatorio)
Conventional Blanking (Estampado convencional)

Blanking Steel-rule-die Blanking (Estampado acero-regla-dado)
Separacin (corte) Estampado Fine Blanking (Estampado fino)
Rasurado
Piercing Punching (Punzonado)

Penetrado Perforing (Perforado)
Lancing (Lanceado)
Notching (Muescado)

Torch Cutting Air Arc Cutting (Cortado de Arco de Aire)
Corte con soplete Gas Cutting (Cortado con Gas)
Plasma Arc Cutting (Cortado con Arco de Plasma)
Thermal Reducing Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) Cavity-type EDM (MDE tipo cavidad)
Reduccin Trmica Maquinado por Descarga Elctrica (MDE) EDM Grinding (MDE esmerilado)
EDM Sawing (MDE aserrado)
High Energy Beam Machining Electron Beam Cutting (Corte con Rayo de Electrones)
Maquinado con Rayo de Alta Energa Laser Beam Cutting (Corte con Rayo Laser)
Ion Beam Cutting (Corte con Rayo de Iones)
Immersion Chemical Milling

Chemical Milling (Fresado por Inmersin Qumica)
Fresado Qumico
Spray Chemical Milling
(Fresado con Spay Qumico)
Chemical Reducing Electrochemical Milling (ECM) Cavity-type ECM (FE tipo cavidad)
Reduccin Qumica Fresado Electromecnico (FE)
Grinder-type ECM (FE tipo esmeril)
Photochemical Milling Photo etching

Fresado Fotoqumico
Photo Milling (Foto fresado)
Ceramic Mold Casting
(Fundicin con molde cermico)
Sand Mold Casting
Nonreusable Mold (Molde No Reusable) (Fundicin con Molde de Arena)
Die Casting (Fundicin con dado)

Permanent Mold Casting
Casting (Fundicin con Molde Permanente)
Fundicin Resusable Mold (Molde Reusable) Continuos Casting (Fundicin Continua)
Wet Forming (Formado hmedo)

Ceramic Mold (Moldeo Cermico) Dry Pressing (Presionado en seco)
Molding Injection Molding (Moldeo por inyeccin)

Moldeo Blow Molding (Moldeo por soplado)
Consolidation Extrusion Molding (Moldeo por extrusin)
Consolidacin Thermoform Molding (Moldeo por termoformado)
Polimeric Mold (Moldeo Polimrico) Rotational Molding (Moldeo Rotacional)
Compacting Continuous Compacting (Compactado Continuo)

Compactado No Continuous Compacting (Compactado No Continuo)
Deposition
Depositacin Electroforming (Electroformado)
Filament Winding (Enrrollado de Filamento)

Laminating Sheet Laminating (Laminado de Hoja)
Laminado Bulk Laminating (Laminado de Masa)
Mass conservation
processes Hot Forging (Forjado en caliente)
Hammer Forging (Forjado con Martillo)
Drop Forging (Forjado de cada)
Upset Forging
Roll Forging
Forging (Forjado) Cold Forging (Forjado en fro)
Direct Extrusion (Extrusin Directa)

Indirect Extrusion (Extrusin Indirecta)
Extruding (Extrudo) Impact Extrusion (Extrusin de Impacto)
Total Deformation Wire Drawing (Estirado de Cable)

Deformacin Total Drawing (Estirado) Tube Drawing (Estirado de Tubo)
Sheet Rolling (Rolado de hoja)

Foil Rolling (Rolado de lmina)
Structural Rolling (Rolado estructural)
Roling (Rolado) Pierce Rolling (Rolado perforado)
Deformation Thread Forming (Formado de Rosca)

Deformacin
Knurling (Estriado)
Bending (Doblado)
Local Deformation Conventional Forming Sheeting Forming (Formado de Hoja)

Deformacin Local (Formado Convencional) Tube Forming (Formado de Tubo)
High Energy Rate Forming Explosive Forming

(Formado de Alta Energa) (Formado por Explosin)
Electromagnetic Forming
(Formado Electromagntico)
Electrohydraulic Forming
(Formado Electrohidraulico)
Joining
Pressure (Cold) Welding (Soldado por Presin)
Mechanical Joining Friction (Inertial) Welding (Soldado por Friccin) Electric Arc Welding
Unin Mecnica Soldado con Arco Elctrico
Ultrasonic Welding (Soldado Ultrasnico)
Electrical Resistance Welding
Explosive Welding (Soldado por Explosivo) Soldado con Resistencia Elctrica
Thermal Welding (Soldado Estructural) Gas/Chemical Welding

Soldado de Gas/Qumico
High Energy Beam Welding

Soldado con Rayo de Alta Energa
Joining
Unin Thermal Joining Braze Welding (Soldado con Latn)
Unin Trmica
Infrared Brazing (S. por C. con Infrarrojo)
Resistance Brazing (S. por C. con Resistencia)
Torch Brazing (S. por C. con Soplete)
Brazing (Soldadura por Capilaridad) Furnace Brazing (S. por C. con Horno)
Infrared Soldering (S. de B.P.F. Infrarroja)

Iron Soldering (S. de B.P.F. con Fierro)
Resistance Soldering (S. de B.P.F. con Resistencia)
Torch Soldering (S. de B.P.F. con Soplete)
Soldering (Soldadura de Bajo Punto de Fusin) Induction Soldering (S. de B.P.F. por Induccin)
Chemical Joining
Unin Qumica
Adhesive Bonding (Adhesivo)
Thermical Threatment Processes

Stress Relieving (Liberacin de Esfuerzos)
Recovery (Revenido)
Annealing Tempering (Templado)
Recocido
Full Annealing (Recocido Completo)
Recrystalization (Recristalizacin) Process Annealing (Recocido en Proceso)
Short-Cycle Annealing (Recocido de Ciclo Corto)
Carburizing (Carburizado)
Chromizing (Cromado)
Surface Hardening Carbonitriding (Carbonitrizado)
Endurecimiento Superficial Cyaniding (Cianurizado)
Nitriding (Nitrizado)
Heat Treatment Diffusion Hardening (Endurecimiento por Difusin)
Tratamiento Trmico Hardening Flame Hardening (Endurecimiento por Flama)
Endurecimiento Induction Hardening (Endurecimiento por Induccin)
Water Quench Hardening (Endurecimiento por Inmersin en Agua)

Through Hardening Oil Quench Hardening (Endurecimiento por Inmersin en Aceite)
Endurecimiento Interior Air Quench Hardening (Endurecimiento por Inmersin en Aire)
Martenpering (Martenperizado)
Austenpering (Austenperizado)
Age Hardening (Endurecimiento por Envejecimiento)
Solid-Phase Sintering (Sinterizado en Fase Slida)

Sintering (Sinterizado)
Liquid-Phase Sintering (Sinterizado en Fase Lquida)
Cold Treatment (Subzero)
Tratamiento Fro (Bajo cero)
Other Firing/Glazing
Otros Quemado/Cristalizado
Curing/Bonding
Curado/Unido
Surface Funishig Processes
Mechanical Descaling (Desescamado Mecnico)
Descaling Thermal Descaling (Desescamado Trmico)
Desescamado Chemical Descaling (Desescamado Qumico)
Surface Preparation Mechanical Deburring (Desrrebabeado Mecnico)

Preparacin de Superficie Deburring Thermal Deburring (Desrrebabeado Trmico)
Desrrebabeado Chemical Deburring (Desrrebabeado Qumico)
Degreasing Mechanical Degreasing (Desengradado Mecnico)

Desengrasado Chemical Degreasing (Desengrasado Qumico)
Surface Finishing Spray Coating (Recubrimiento con Spray)

Acabado Superficial Dip/Flow Coating (Recubrimiento por Bao/Flujo)
Mechanical Coating Dust Coating (Recubrimiento con Polvo)
Recubrimiento Mecnico Roll Coating (Recubrimiento con Rollo)
Surface Coating Flame Spraying (Espreado de Flama)

Recubrimiento de Superficie Thermal Coating Vaporizing Metal Coating (Recubrimiento por Vaporizado de Metal)
Recubrimiento Trmico Heat Tinting (Tinteado Caliente)
Chemical Coating Electroplating (Electroplateado)

Recubrimiento Qumico Chemical Conversion (Conversin Qumica)
Burnishing (Quemado)
Surface Modification Shot Peening (Golpeado con municiones)

Modificacin de Superficie Peening (Golpeado) Hammer Peening (Golpeado con martillo)
Wire Brush Finishing (Acabado con Cepillo de Alambre)

Texturizado Buffing/Polishing (Pulido)
Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Mechanical
Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Drilling Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Reaming Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: End Milling Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Arbor Milling Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Broaching Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Tapping / Threading Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Centerless Grinding Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Cylindrical Grinding Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Honing Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Abrasive Jet Machining Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Turning/Facing Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Lathe Boring Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Jig Boring Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Vertical Boring Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Shearing Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Conventional Blanking Capabilities
Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Fine Blanking Capabilities

Date April 2003
Author Joaqun Aca
Description: Lapping Capabilities
Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Thermal
Date April 2003
Author Horacio Elizondo
Description: Gas Flame Cutting Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Cavity Type Electrical Discharge Capabilities

Machining
Date April 2003
Description: Laser Beam Cutting Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Electrical Discharge Machining Wire Capabilities

Cutting
Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Chemical
Date April 2003
Description: Plasma Arc Cutting Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Inmersion Chemical Milling_Blanking Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Photo Etching Capabilities

Function Sub function Shape Material Conserve Material Consolidation
Date April 2003
Description: Investment Casting Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Permanent Mold Casting Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Green Sand Casting Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Hot Chamber Die Casting Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Injection Molding Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Extrusion Molding Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Axail Powder Compaction Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Isostatic Powder Compaction Capabilities

Function Sub function Shape Material Conserve Material Deformation
Date April 2003
Description: Drop Forging Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Cold Heading Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Impact Extrusion Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Deep Drawing Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Progressive Die Drawing Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Brake Forming Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Stretch-Draw Forming Capabilities
Date April 2003
Description: Progressive Roll Forming Capabilities

Date April 2003
Description: Plate Roll Bending Capabilities
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Material Fluid Deposition
Reference Patent Number 5, 738, 817; 5,121,329
Date April 2003
Author Marcela Velandia
Description: Material Fluid Deposition Capabilities
Build Size up to 600 x 500 x 600 mm

Achievable .127 ( .005 in) up to 127
Accuracy mm (5 in.).
Layer Road widths 193 to .965 mm
Width/Thickness Thickness 127 to .250 mm
Modeling Materials ABS, Polycarbonate
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Casting (Investment Casting)
Reference Patent Number: Web pages:http://www.hitchiner.com/HIMCO/HIMCO_Library/Intro_to_IC.pdf
Date April 2003
Description: Casting (Investment Casting) Capabilities
Build Size 0.5-8 in

Achievable 0.007 0.038
Accuracy
Width/Thickness 0.020 in
Modeling Materials
Low to High Carbon Brass, Bronce, Aluminum,
Alloy Steel Copper, polymers
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Stereolithography
Reference Patent Number: 6,264,873 Web pages: www.3dsystems.com
Date April 2003
Description: Stereolithography Capabilities
Build Size 2100 x 640 x 600 mm.

Achievable 0.1% (0.2% for Next Day
Accuracy models).
Layer 0.125 mm. (0.2 mm for Next
Width/Thickness Day models)
Modeling Materials RigiPox, PolyPox
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Vacuum Casting Prototyping
Reference Patent Number: 100 30 874 Deutch Web pages:http://www.mk-technology.net
Date April 2003
Description: Vacuum Casting Prototyping Capabilities
Build Size 800 x 690 x 660mm.

Achievable Accuracy 0.2 % with a repeatability of
0.1 %
Wall /Thickness 0.5 mm
Modeling Materials Rubber, PP, ABS, PC
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Direct Metal Deposition
Reference Web pages:http://http://www.advancedmanufacturing.com/May02/exploringamt.htm ; www.pom.com
Date April 2003
Description: Direct Metal Deposition Capabilities
Build Size 78 in2

Achievable Accuracy 0.001 in
Wall /Thickness 0.005 and .015 in
Modeling Materials Tool Alloy (H13, P20, S7 or

SS)
Maximum Capacity 5000 pounds
of load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Laser Engineering Net Shapping
Reference Web pages; http://www.jdmag.wpafb.af.mil/laser%20engineered%20net%20shaping.pdf
Date April 2003
Description: Laser Engineering Net Shapping Capabilities
Build Size
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials stainless steel, Inconel,

copper, aluminum , titanium
Maximum Capacity
of load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Selective Laser Sintering
Reference Web page: http://www.materialise.com/prototypingsolutions/laser_ENG.html
Date Mayo 2003
Author Andres Valverde Tapia
Description: Selective Laser Sintering Capabilities
Build Size
600 x 300 x 300 mm.
Achievable Accuracy 0.2% / 0.2mm. Higher

accuracy can be achieved
after iteration.
Wall /Thickness 1 mm
Modeling Materials Pa, PS TPE (termoplastics)
Maximum Capacity
of load
Function Sub function Shape Material reduce Material Paper Lamination Technology
Reference Web page: http://www.kiracorp.co.jp/EG/pro/rp/RP_process.html
Date Mayo 2003
Description: Paper Lamination Technology Capabilities
Build Size 190x280x200 mm
Achievable Accuracy 0.05 mm XY 0.1 mm Z
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Special Paper
Maximum Capacity of 450 Kg

load
Function Sub function Shape Material consolidate Material Laminated Object Manufacturing
Reference Web page: http://www.cubictechnologies.com/PAGE35.HTM
Date Mayo 2003
Description: Laminated Object Manufacturing Capabilities
Build Size 150 x 10 x 14
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials LPX PLastics
Maximum Capacity of 32 kg
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Solid Ground Curing
Reference
Date Mayo 2003
Description: Solid Ground Curing Capabilities
Build Size 500 X 500 X350 mm
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Resina
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Thermojet Printer
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Thermojet Printer Capabilities
Build Size 10 X 7.5 X 8 in

Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Plastics
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Reaction Injection Molding
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Reaction Injection Molding Capabilities
Build Size 20 X 20 X 52 in
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Plastics
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Rapid Parts
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Rapid Parts Capabilities
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials PE, ABS, POM, PP,

Santoptene, PA66
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Direct Shell Production Casting
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Direct Shell Production Casting Capabilities
Build Size NL X NL X NL
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Aluminum, Magnesium,

Copper, Brass; Bronze, Irons,
Stainless Steel, Super Alloys.
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Fused Deposition Modeling
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Fused Deposition Modeling Capabilities
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials ABS, ABSi, Casting Wax,

Elastomers.
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Three Dimensional Plotting
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Three Dimensional Plotting Capabilities
Build Size 12 X 6 X 8.5 in

Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Silicone, RTV, Epoxy.

Investment Castings,
Powdered Material.
Maximum Capacity of
load
Function Sub function Shape Material Consolidate Material Digital Light Processing
Reference Unknown
Date April 2003
Author Unknown
Description: Digital Light Processing Capabilities
Build Size NL X NL X NL
Achievable Accuracy
Wall /Thickness
Modeling Materials Methacrylate, Epoxydes,

Nanoparticel.
Maximum Capacity
of load

Procesos de manufactura mecánica: reducción de masa

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Procesos de manufactura mecánica: reducción de masa

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Mechanical Manufacturing

Ing. Sal Castaeda Escobedo

Chemical Reducing (Reduccin Qumica)

Shaping Mass Conserving Consolidation (Consolidacin)

Joining Mechanical Joining (Unin Mecnica)

Heat Treatment Annealing (Recodido)

Abrasive Machining Grinding (Esmerilado)

Shearing Squaring (Cuadrar)

Conventional Blanking (Estampado convencional)

Piercing Punching (Punzonado)

Mass reduction processes

Immersion Chemical Milling

Photochemical Milling Photo etching

Die Casting (Fundicin con dado)

Wet Forming (Formado hmedo)

Molding Injection Molding (Moldeo por inyeccin)

Compacting Continuous Compacting (Compactado Continuo)

Filament Winding (Enrrollado de Filamento)

Forging (Forjado) Cold Forging (Forjado en fro)

Direct Extrusion (Extrusin Directa)

Total Deformation Wire Drawing (Estirado de Cable)

Sheet Rolling (Rolado de hoja)

Deformation Thread Forming (Formado de Rosca)

Local Deformation Conventional Forming Sheeting Forming (Formado de Hoja)

High Energy Rate Forming Explosive Forming

Thermal Welding (Soldado Estructural) Gas/Chemical Welding

High Energy Beam Welding

Infrared Soldering (S. de B.P.F. Infrarroja)

Thermical Threatment Processes

Water Quench Hardening (Endurecimiento por Inmersin en Agua)

Solid-Phase Sintering (Sinterizado en Fase Slida)

Surface Preparation Mechanical Deburring (Desrrebabeado Mecnico)

Degreasing Mechanical Degreasing (Desengradado Mecnico)

Surface Finishing Spray Coating (Recubrimiento con Spray)

Surface Coating Flame Spraying (Espreado de Flama)

Chemical Coating Electroplating (Electroplateado)

Surface Modification Shot Peening (Golpeado con municiones)

Wire Brush Finishing (Acabado con Cepillo de Alambre)

Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Mechanical

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994

Date April 2003

Author Joaqun Aca

Description: Drilling Capabilities

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994

Date April 2003

Author Joaqun Aca

Description: Reaming Capabilities

Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Mechanical

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994

Date April 2003

Author Joaqun Aca

Description: End Milling Capabilities

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994

Date April 2003

Author Joaqun Aca

Description: Arbor Milling Capabilities

Function Sub function Shape Material Reduce Material Mechanical

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994

Date April 2003

Author Joaqun Aca

Description: Broaching Capabilities

Reference Alting,Leo. Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide. 1994