CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Definition of Facility Design

Design of a facility is a strategic issue that has a significant impact on

manufacturing units. The design of facility involves the placement of
equipments, departments and their support system in such a way that they
accomplish the work in required time, reduce travelling distance of the
material between the work stations and thus reduce the material handling
cost.]1[
The design component of a facility consists of the facility systems, the layout
and the handling systems.]2[

1.1.1 Facilities systems:]2[

Consist of the structural systems, the atmospheric systems, the lighting/electricity
/communication systems, the life safety systems and the sanitation systems e.g. for a
manufacturing system: the structure (of building), power, light, gas, heat ventilation,
air- conditioning, water and sewage needs.

1.1.2 Layout:]2[
Consist of all equipment, machinery and furnishings within the building e.g. for a
manufacturing system: the production areas, related support areas, personnel areas.

1.1.3 Handling systems:]2[

Consist of the mechanism needed to satisfy the required facility interactions e.g. for a
manufacturing system: the materials-personnel, information, and equipment to
support manufacturing.

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 Faclities system
design

Faclities Layout design

design
Faclities
planning
Faclities Handling
location design system
Fig 1.1. Facilities planning hierarchy[2]

1.1.4 Typical facilities design objectives]2[

1. Support the organizations vision through improved material handling,

material control, and good housekeeping.
2. Effectively utilize people, equipment, space and energy.
3. Minimize capital investment.
4. Be adaptable and promote ease of maintenance.
5. Provide for employee safety and job satisfaction.

1.2 Objective of the project

Aim of this study is to define the method of construction and evaluation the
facility layout , highlight the importance helping to optimize the use of facility
areas, reducing the cost of transporting materials between departments,
improving working condition,.... etc.
In this study two methods of computer techniques were applied to obtain the
best layout for the facility, one for construction called (ALDEP) and the other
to evaluation the existing layout called (MULTIPLE).

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1.3 Goals to be attained

1. Facilitate transportation and handling and allow materials to flow easily.

2. Effective utilization of machinery, equipment.
3. Reducing the rate of downtime or disruption of work, and facilitate the task of
maintenance and repair.
4. Best use for facility space.
5. Provide a good working environment (suitable temperature, adequate lighting,
good ventilation, etc.).
6. Minimize lost time due to mobility of workers between various parts of the
facility.
7. Provide industrial safety and public safety by isolating areas where operations
are taking place that pose a threat to other work areas.
8. The possibility of completing the required works at the lowest cost.

1.4Steps to obtain our work

1. Construction Layout
In order to construction the layout we use the method of ]ALDEP[ within the
computer techniques, which we must have the following information to use:
1. Size of Facility.
2. The departments.
3. Size of departments.
4. Proximity relationships (activity relationship chart).
5. Sweep width ( defined later ).
2. Evaluation Layout
In order to Evaluation the layout we use the method of ]MULTIPLE[ within
the computer techniques, which we must have the following information to
use:
1. From to chart as input.
2. Distance based objective function (rectilinear distances between centroids).
.