You are on page 1of 5

FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGA - UBA / SECRETARA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

EXPLORACIONES EN PSICOLOGA EDUCACIONAL:


ESCENAS Y CONFIGURACIONES DE LA AUTORIDAD
EN CONTEXTOS DE ENSEANZA Y APRENDIZAJE
EXPLORATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCENES AND AUTHORITYS
CONFIGURATIONS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING CONTEXTS
        


/ 0 1 2 3 0 4 ? @ 1 A / ? B A

(VWHDUWtFXORSURSRQHVLWXDUVHHQHOFDPSRGHODSVLFROR 7KLVDUWLFOHSURSRVHVWRORFDWHLQHGXFDWLRQDOSV\FKRORJ\
JtDHGXFDFLRQDODQGHDQDOL]DUHVFHQDV\FRQJXUDFLR WRDQDO\]HVFHQHVDQGDXWKRULW\VFRQJXUDWLRQVLQWHD
QHVGHODDXWRULGDGHQFRQWH[WRVGHHQVHxDQ]D\DSUHQ FKLQJ DQG OHDUQLQJ FRQWH[WV 7KLV DQDO\VLV FRPELQHV D
GL]DMH (Q HVWD SHUVSHFWLYD GH DQiOLVLV VH FRPELQD OD FULWLFDOUHDGLQJRIWKHHPDQFLSDWLRQVSKLORVRSK\SDUWLFX
OHFWXUDFUtWLFDGHODORVRItDGHODHPDQFLSDFLyQSDUWLFX ODUO\WKH-DFTXHV5DQFLqUHVSKLORVRSK\DQGLWVFRQFHS
ODUPHQWHGH-DFTXHV5DQFLqUH\GHVXVFDWHJRUtDVFRQ WXDOFDWHJRULHVWRH[SORUHDQGDQDO\]HVSHFLFHGXFDWLR
FHSWXDOHVSDUDH[SORUDU\DQDOL]DUIHQyPHQRVHGXFDWLYRV QDOSKHQRPHQDZLWKWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIVFHQHVWKDWDUH
FRQFUHWRVDSDUWLUGHODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHHVFHQDVTXH YLVLEOHWKURXJKWKHXVHRIWKHRUHWLFDOWRROVSURYLGHGE\
DGTXLHUHQYLVLELOLGDGPHGLDQWHHOXVRGHODVKHUUDPLHQ WKHWKRXJKWRIWKLVDXWKRU7KHXQSUHFHGHQWHGNQRWWLQJ
WDVWHyULFDVTXHSURYHHHOSHQVDPLHQWRGHGLFKRDXWRU(O EHWZHHQ XQLYHUVDO DQG SDUWLFXODU WKH GLVUXSWLRQ RI D
DQXGDPLHQWR LQpGLWR HQWUH XQLYHUVDO \ SDUWLFXODUHV OD VXFFHVVLYHRUGHURIFDXVHVDQGHIIHFWVQDWXUDOL]HGWKH
LQWHUUXSFLyQGHXQRUGHQVXFHVLYRGHFDXVDV\HIHFWRV SURGXFWLRQRIQHZ PHDQLQJVDQGVHQVLWLYHLQDQHTXDO
QDWXUDOL]DGRVODSURGXFFLyQGHQXHYRVVLJQLFDGRV\GH VHQVHFUHDWLQJDZRUOGZLWKLQDZRUOGPDNHVHGXFDWLR
ORVHQVLEOHHQXQVHQWLGRLJXDOLWDULRFUHDQGRXQPXQGR QDOSV\FKRORJ\ZRUNDURXQGDQDXWKRULW\WKDWNHHSVWKH
GHQWURGHRWURPXQGRKDFHWUDEDMDUDODSVLFRORJtDHGX DV\PPHWU\DVLWVIHDWXUHDQGKROGVUPO\HTXDOLW\DVD
FDFLRQDOHQWRUQRDXQDDXWRULGDGTXHJXDUGDODDVLPHWUtD SULQFLSOH
TXH OD FDUDFWHUL]D DXQTXH VRVWHQLHQGR FRQ UPH]D OD
LJXDOGDGFRPRSULQFLSLR .H\ZRUGV
>

(GXFDWLRQDOSV\FKRORJ\$XWKRULW\(PDQFLSDWLRQ
5 6 7 6 8 9 6 : ; 7 6 < = >

3VLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDO$XWRULGDG(PDQFLSDFLyQ

                                           ! " # $ ! %     &          '   ( )        *        + "   ,  &        &   - . . . + " # $ !  &  '    &  

LQYHVWLJDGRUDGHODV)DFXOWDGHVGH3VLFRORJtD &iW3VLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDO \GH'HUHFKR &iW$VSHFWRVRUJDQL]DFLRQDOHVGHODHGXFDFLyQ


DUJHQWLQD3URIHVRUDGRGH&LHQFLDV-XUtGLFDV 8%$'LUHFWRUDGHO8%$&\7/DIRUPDFLyQGRFHQWHXQLYHUVLWDULDFRPRHVSDFLRGHFRQJXUDFLyQ
GHODLGHQWLGDGSURIHVLRQDOODFXHVWLyQGHODDXWRULGDGHQGHOSURFHVRIRUPDWLYR(PDLOEHDJUHFR#JPDLOFRP

DE LA PGINA 167 A LA 171 167


EXPLORACIONES EN PSICOLOGA EDUCACIONAL: ESCENAS Y CONFIGURACIONES DE LA AUTORIDAD EN CONTEXTOS DE ENSEANZA Y APRENDIZAJE
EXPLORATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCENES AND AUTHORITYS CONFIGURATIONS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING CONTEXTS
Greco, M. Beatriz

(VWHDUWtFXORSURSRQHVLWXDUVHHQHOFDPSRGHODSVLFR QHVRHVFHQDVTXHGDQFXHQWDGHODUHQRPEUDGDFULVLV
ORJtDHGXFDFLRQDODQGHDQDOL]DUHVFHQDV\FRQJXUD GHDXWRULGDG\GHODHGXFDFLyQHQJHQHUDOHQFDPELRVH
FLRQHV GH OD DXWRULGDG HQ FRQWH[WRV GH HQVHxDQ]D \ KDELOLWDXQPRGRGHYHU\GHGDUDYHUHQHOFDPSRHGX
DSUHQGL]DMH(QHVWDSHUVSHFWLYDGHDQiOLVLVVHFRPELQD FDWLYRTXHUHFRQJXUDQXHYDVUHODFLRQHVSRVWXODRWURV
ODOHFWXUDFUtWLFDGHODORVRItDGHODHPDQFLSDFLyQSDU UHFRUWHVGHORVHQVLEOHDEUHDSRVLELOLGDGHVD~QQRSHQ
WLFXODUPHQWH GH -DFTXHV 5DQFLqUH \ OD DSURSLDFLyQ GH VDGDV\ODVKDFHSUHVHQWHV\UHFRQRFLEOHVHQH[SHULHQ
DOJXQDVGHVXVOtQHDVGHSHQVDPLHQWR\GHVXVFDWHJR FLDVHVFRODUHVFRQWHPSRUiQHDVH[LVWHQWHVGHIRUPDLQFL
UtDV FRQFHSWXDOHV SDUD H[SORUDU \ DQDOL]DU IHQyPHQRV SLHQWHRGHFODUDGD
HGXFDWLYRV FRQFUHWRV D SDUWLU GH OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GH 'HHVWHPRGRHODQiOLVLVGHHVFHQDVFRPRPHWRGRORJtD
HVFHQDVTXHDGTXLHUHQYLVLELOLGDGPHGLDQWHHOXVRGH GHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ\ODFRQFHSWXDOL]DFLyQGHXQHMHUFLFLRGH
ODVKHUUDPLHQWDVWHyULFDVTXHSURYHHHOSHQVDPLHQWRGH DXWRULGDG KDELOLWDQWH R DXWRULGDG HPDQFLSDGRUD HQ
GLFKRDXWRU HGXFDFLyQFRQFHSWR UH FUHDGRDSDUWLUGHODORVRItDGH
6HSURSRQHDVtGHVSOHJDUHODQiOLVLVFRQFHSWXDOGHODV ODHPDQFLSDFLyQ *UHFR VRQVROLGDULRV(QWDQWR
IRUPDVGHHMHUFLFLRGHODDXWRULGDGSHGDJyJLFDHQHVFH HOOD LQYHVWLJDGRUD LQYHVWLJD VLWXDGRD LQWHUSHODQGR VX
QDULRVHGXFDWLYRVGLYHUVRVSDUWLFXODUPHQWHHQFRQWH[WRV SURSLDPLUDGDORVUDVJRVGHHVDDXWRULGDGHQFRQVWUXF
FLyQVHYDQGHOLQHDQGRHQHOUHFRUWHGHHVFHQDV\RIUHFHQ
C = < D 7 E = 9 6 8 F 7 F C 6 C = C D ; 6 G F < 6 H G = I J G F ; 6 C = : K 7 = L 6 C 6 = E = 7

SUR\HFWR 8EDF\W &RQILJXUDFLRQHV GH OD DXWRULGDG HQ ODSRVLELOLGDGGHSURSRQHUJXUDVFRQJXUDFLRQHV\WUD


HGXFDFLyQ7UDQVPLVLyQVXEMHWLYDFLyQ\HPDQFLSDFLyQGH PDVGHUHODFLRQHVHQGRQGHHVHMHUFLGD
MyYHQHVHQVLWXDFLyQGHYXOQHUDELOLGDGHGXFDWLYD /DVHOHFFLyQ\UHFRUWHGHHVFHQDVSRQGHUDODGLYHUVLGDG
(QHVWHSUR\HFWRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQODSURIXQGL]DFLyQ GHH[SHULHQFLDVSRUVREUHODXQLGDGGHODVPLVPDV0iV
GHODQiOLVLVGHH[SHULHQFLDVHGXFDWLYDVTXHFRODERUDQHQ TXHGHWDOODUFRQGLFLRQHVFRPXQHVRODWLSLFLGDGGHXQD
OD FRQJXUDFLyQ GH QXHYDV IRUPDV GH DSURSLDFLyQ GHO IRUPDGHDXWRULGDGOLJDGDDHVFHQDULRVVLPLODUHVDSDUHFH
HVSDFLRHVFRODU\GHUHODFLyQFRQHOFRQRFLPLHQWRKDQ FRPRSURFHVRHQULTXHFHGRUGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQODREVHU
SHUPLWLGRUHFRQRFHU\H[SORUDUJXUDVGHDXWRULGDGTXH YDFLyQGHPRGDOLGDGHVGHYtQFXOR\GHIRUPDVGHOHMHUFL
KDFHQOXJDUDXQGHVSOLHJXHSRVLEOHGHSURFHVRVGHVXE FLRGHODDXWRULGDGSHGDJyJLFDHQGLVWLQWDVH[SHULHQFLDV
MHWLYDFLyQ\HPDQFLSDFLyQGHVGHODHGXFDFLyQHQFRQWH[ LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV VLQ SHUGHU VX VLQJXODULGDG VLQ EXVFDU
WRVHVFRODUHV GHVFULELUPRGHORVRWLSRV~QLFRV\KRPRJpQHRV\HYL
8QDGHODVOtQHDVGHLQGDJDFLyQGHOSUR\HFWRPHQFLRQDGR WDQGR DERQDU D OD H[SHFWDWLYD GH KDOODU XQD DXWRULGDG
EXVFySURIXQGL]DUODVOHFWXUDVHQSHUVSHFWLYDVORVyFDV HPDQFLSDWRULD\DGHOLQHDGDFODUDPHQWHUHFRQRFLEOHHQ
FRQWHPSRUiQHDV D Q GH FRQFHELU \ IXQGDPHQWDU XQD ODVHVFHQDVLQGDJDGDVGHQLGDGHXQDYH]SDUDVLHPSUH
XQLGDGGHDQiOLVLVIpUWLOSDUDHOWUDEDMRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQHQ \HQXQVHQWLGR~QLFR
SVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDO/DLQGDJDFLyQHQWRUQRDODFRQV
WUXFFLyQGHHVFHQDVFRPRFDPSRVGHUHODFLRQHVLQWHU
M N O P Q O R N Q S T S U R V W N W W O N R X Y V P V P

VXEMHWLYDVLQVFULSWDVHQODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVHGXFDWLYDVGRQ 7UDEDMDU HQ WRUQR D HVFHQDV \ VXV FRQJXUDFLRQHV GH


GHVHFRQGHQVDXQPXQGRVHQVLEOH\SHQVDEOHDODYH] UHODFLRQHVSHUPLWHGHVGHHOSXQWRGHYLVWDGHODLQYHVWL
SHUPLWHLQYHVWLJDUH[SORUDU\JHQHUDUWLSRVGHDQiOLVLVTXH JDFLyQUHDOL]DUXQDOHFWXUDTXHDQXGD\UH~QHPDWHULDOL
DUWLFXODQ OD WHRUtD \ OD SUiFWLFD GH XQPRGR KRUL]RQWDO GDG\SHQVDPLHQWRDFFLyQ\FRQFHSWRSUiFWLFD\WHRUtD
GHVMHUDUTXL]DGR\GHPXWXDLQWHUSHODFLyQ(OORFRQOOHYD WLHPSRVHVSDFLRV\SRVLFLRQHVVXEMHWLYDV *UHFR 
XQGREOHDOHMDPLHQWRGHOULHVJRWDQWRDSOLFDFLRQLVWDFRPR /DHVFHQDKDFHYLVLEOHGDDYHUKDEODSRUVtVRODXELFD
UHGXFFLRQLVWDGHODSVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDOTXHRSHUDXQD PDWHULDOPHQWHHQHVSDFLRWLHPSR\SRVLFLRQHVGHFXHU
UHGXFFLyQGHOLQGLYLGXR\DOLQGLYLGXR %DTXHUR D SRVSDODEUDV\UHODFLRQHVDOJXQDVFXHVWLRQHVLQVWLWXFLR
ODKRUDGHDFHUFDUVHDORVWHUUHQRVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQHLQ QDOHVFHQWUDOHVTXHVRQDQDOL]DGRUHVGHODPLVPDRUJD
WHUFDPELRFRQRWURVDFWRUHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHV QL]DFLyQ\GLQiPLFDLQVWLWXFLRQDO
(VWDPRGDOLGDGGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQTXHH[SORUDODVHVFHQDV /DHVFHQDKDELOLWDXQDOHFWXUDQRQHFHVDULDPHQWHLQWHU
\VXVFRQJXUDFLRQHVVHSURIXQGL]DGHVGHHVWHHQIRTXH SUHWDWLYDHQHOVHQWLGRGHEXVFDUXQVLJQLFDGRRFXOWRR
HQGRVGLUHFFLRQHVKDFLDORVREMHWRVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ\ XQDYHUGDGHVFRQGLGDTXHORVLQYHVWLJDGRUHVDVSRGUtDQ
KDFLDODSURSLDSRVLFLyQGHOODLQYHVWLJDGRUD(ODQiOLVLV GHYHODUDRWURVFRQFHELGRVFRPRGHVFRQRFHGRUHVGH
LQFOX\HDVtGHVGHHOLQLFLRORVPRGRVHQTXHpVWHDVH HVDYHUGDG/DSRVLFLyQGHOODLQYHVWLJDGRUQRHVODGHO
SRVLFLRQDPLUD\FRQFHSWXDOL]DSHUFLEH\UHFRUWDORVHQVL VDELRSRUWDGRUGHXQVDEHUSUHYLRDODHVFHQDRHVWD
EOH FRQVWUX\HQGR WHyULFDPHQWH ORV HVSDFLRV VRFLDOHV \ EOHFLGRPiVDOOiGHODVLWXDFLyQDH[SORUDU3RUHOFRQWUDULR
HGXFDWLYRVTXHLQGDJDODVLGHQWLGDGHVTXHDQDOL]DORV pVWDKDEODSRUVtPLVPD\TXLHQODUHFRUWDLQYHVWLJDGRUD
PRGRVGHUHODFLyQHQODHVFXHODTXHQRPEUDHOYtQFXOR RDFWRULQVWLWXFLRQDOVHOHFFLRQDQDUUD\GHVSOLHJDVDEH
SHGDJyJLFRODVUHODFLRQHVGHDXWRULGDGODVHVFHQDVGHO UHVSURYHQLHQWHVGHHOODVLQVDEHUORWRGRVLQRH[SUHVDQGR
DSUHQGHU\HQVHxDU\ORVFRQWH[WRVTXHHVWXGLD2EMHWRV\ P~OWLSOHV VHQWLGRV D WUDYpV GHO UHODWR PLVPR (Q HVWH
SRVLFLyQVHHQWUDPDQHQHVWDVHVFHQDVGHODVTXHIRUPDQ VHQWLGRODHVFHQDVROLFLWDGDHQHOPDUFRGHXQDHQWUHYLV
SDUWH\HQHOVHQRGHODVFXDOHVVHOLJDQVLQFRQIXQGLUVH WDGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQHQXQJUXSRIRFDORUHODWDGDHQXQD
'HVGH HVWH SHUVSHFWLYD GH DQiOLVLV VH KDFH SRVLEOH HO UHXQLyQHQWUHLQYHVWLJDGRUHVDV\DFWRUHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHV
DOHMDPLHQWRGHXQDOtQHDLQYHVWLJDWLYDHQSVLFRORJtDHGX GDFXHQWDWHVWLPRQLDQGRDFHUFDGHODVSRVLFLRQHVDVX
FDFLRQDOFHQWUDGDHQODGHVFULSFLyQREMHWLYDGHVLWXDFLR PLGDVSRUORVVXMHWRVHQODUHGGHUHODFLRQHVLQVWLWXFLRQD

168 DE LA PGINA 167 A LA 171


FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGA - UBA / SECRETARA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

OHVHQWUHVXMHWRVVXMHWRV\HQVHxDQ]D\RDSUHQGL]DMH XQHVIXHU]RTXHTXLHUHDFWLYDUXQDQXHYDUHODFLyQHQWUH
VXMHWRV\RUJDQL]DFLyQRGLUHFFLyQGHODLQVWLWXFLyQVXMHWRV VXMHWRVGLIHUHQWHV 
\OXJDUHVGHDXWRULGDGFRQVWUXLGRVRHQFRQVWUXFFLyQ6X (QHVWH~OWLPRVHQWLGRODQDUUDFLyQGHODHVFHQDFRPR
QDUUDFLyQSUREOHPDWL]DFLyQ\DQiOLVLVGLDORJDGRVRQPR WHVWLPRQLRUHYLVWHXQFDUiFWHUSROtWLFR\FXDQGRVHLQYHV
GRVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQFRQMXQWDHQWUHLQYHVWLJDGRUHV\DF WLJDWDPELpQVHDEUHODSRVLELOLGDGGHJHQHUDUWUDQVIRU
WRUHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHVTXHRWRUJDQRWURVVHQWLGRVDORYLYLGR PDFLyQHQHOSHQVDPLHQWRGHTXLHQHVSURGXFHQHVHGLi
RDODVH[SHULHQFLDVIXWXUDV ORJRVLHQGRDVXYH]SURGXFLGRVVXEMHWLYDPHQWHSRUpO
(QWDQWRODHVFHQDFRQGHQVDVLJQLFDGRVFXOWXUDOHVGHOD 3RGHPRV DGYHUWLU DOJXQRV UDVJRV SDUWLFXODUHV HQ HVWH
LQVWLWXFLyQ HGXFDWLYD \ VLQJXODUHV GH TXLHQ OD QDUUD DO WUDEDMRGHSURGXFFLyQ\QDUUDFLyQGHHVFHQDVTXHORKD
WUDQVIRUPDUVHHQQDUUDFLyQRIUHFHODRSRUWXQLGDGGHWR FHQ SROtWLFR UHWRPDQGR OD SHUVSHFWLYD HVWpWLFRSROtWLFD
PDUXQDGLVWDQFLDGHHVDVVLJQLFDFLRQHVLQWHUURJiQGR GHOSHQVDPLHQWRUDQFHULDQR
ODVDODYH]TXHVHPDQWLHQHFRPRHVSDFLRVXEMHWLYRGH 3ULPHUUDVJRSHUPLWHHIHFWXDUXQ
N R U W N T V O R Z S V R [ W V Z S

H[SHULHQFLD6HSRGUtDSHQVDUHQXQVHQWLGRZLQQLFRWLD FRODERUDHQODUHIRUPXOD
O R Z \ O U R V ] O \ P N Y ^ _ N \ Z V Q U Y N \

QRFRPRHVSDFLRLQWHUPHGLRQLLQWHUQRQLH[WHUQRDOOt FLyQGHXQXQLYHUVDODGRVDGRH[FOXVLYDPHQWHDXQSDUWL
GRQGHVHGHVSOLHJDXQPRGRGHVHUYHUSHQVDU\KDFHU FXODU\DTXHHQFDUQDP~OWLSOHVSRVLELOLGDGHVTXHQRSR
TXHYLQFXODORVSURFHVRVVXEMHWLYRVGHORVDVSURWDJRQLV GtDQ VHU FRQVLGHUDGDV R UHFRQRFLGDV FRQ DQWHULRULGDG
WDVGHODHVFHQDFRQODLQVWLWXFLyQHVFRODUGRQGHRFXUUH 3RUHMHPSORHOXQLYHUVDOGHODLJXDOGDGGHWRGRVHUKXPD
/DHVFHQDSXHGHWDPELpQVHUSHQVDGDFRPRWHVWLPRQLR QRHQWDQWRWDOQRQHFHVDULDPHQWHVHYHULFDHQXQVROR
HVHGDUFXHQWDGHVGHXQDSRVLFLyQVXEMHWLYDGHDTXHOOR VHQWLGR R HQ FLHUWDV FRQGLFLRQHV FRQVHQVXDGDV FRPR
TXHWUDQVFXUUHHQXQDWUDPDLQVWLWXFLRQDO\VRFLDOWDQWR WDPSRFRSRUODSHUWHQHQFLDDGHWHUPLQDGRJUXSRVRFLDO
HQHORUGHQGHORKDELWXDOFRPRHQODUXSWXUDGHHVDKD PiVIDYRUHFLGRTXHRWUR(QFRQWH[WRVHVFRODUHVHLQFOX
ELWXDOLGDGHQWUHORVLQJXODU\ORFROHFWLYRORtQWLPR\OR VRHQDOJXQDVOtQHDVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQGHVGHODVRFLRORJtD
S~EOLFRODSDODEUDDVXPLGDSDUWLFXODU\XQLYHUVDOPHQWH HVKDELWXDOTXHODFDSDFLGDGSDUDDSUHQGHUHQODHVFXHOD
$FHUFDGHOWHVWLPRQLRGLFHQ9LFK\=DEDOD   VHDDVRFLDGDH[FOXVLYDPHQWHDHVWXGLDQWHVSURYHQLHQWHV
(QHOWHVWLPRQLRVHUHYHODORPiVFDUDFWHUtVWLFRGHOVHU GHVHFWRUHVVRFLDOHVFHUFDQRVDODFXOWXUDHVFRODUHVDVt
KXPDQRODH[SHULHQFLD\VXUHSUHVHQWDFLyQHOYLYLU\HO TXHXQXQLYHUVDOVHDVRFLDH[FOXVLYDPHQWHDXQDVLWXDFLyQ
KDEODU3HURHVHKDEODURUDOSRQHHQHYLGHQFLDODLPSR SDUWLFXODU FRQWH[WRV IDYRUHFLGRV DOXPQRVDV IDYRUHFL
VLELOLGDGGHQDUUDUWRGRORYLYLGR  $OLJXDOTXHHQOD GRVDV (QFDPELRGHVGHODORVRItDGHODHPDQFLSDFLyQ
SRHVtD HO WHVWLPRQLR QRV SHUPLWH DFFHGHU DO FRQLFWR ODDUPDFLyQXQLYHUVDOWRGRVSXHGHQDSUHQGHUVHKDFH
HQWUHXQGHFLUSRVLEOH\XQLPSRVLEOHGHFLU SRVLEOHGHVHUGHVSOHJDGDHQP~OWLSOHVHVFHQDVPHGLDQ
(VWRVDXWRUHVDUPDQTXHORVWHVWLPRQLRVVHGLIHUHQFLDQ WHIRUPDVVLQJXODUHVVLWXDGDV\HVSHFtFDVGHSRQHUHQ
GHODVDXWRELRJUDItDVHQTXHVXLQWHUpVQRUDGLFDHQOD MXHJRHVDFDSDFLGDGGHDSUHQGHUVLHPSUHTXHVHFUHHQ
E~VTXHGDGHXQDLGHQWLGDGDXWyQRPD\FRKHUHQWHVLQR ODVFRQGLFLRQHVQHFHVDULDV(VWHWUDEDMRGHDQXGDPLHQWR
PiVELHQHQODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHXQDYR]VLHPSUHLQWHUIH HVSROtWLFRSRUTXHDFWXDOL]DXQSULQFLSLRGHLJXDOGDGGH
ULGDTXHVHDVXPHFRPRSDUWHGHXQDFRPXQLGDGFRPR FXDOTXLHUDFRQFXDOTXLHUDHQWpUPLQRVGH5DQFLqUHHQ
VLDUPDUDHVWRTXHPHSDVyDPtOHKDSDVDGRDWRGRV FDGDVLWXDFLyQSDUWLFXODUXQD\RWUDYH]/DQXHYDFRQ
QRVRWURV1RVHWUDWDSRUHOORGHXQDE~VTXHGDGHVLQ JXUDFLyQGHDQXGDPLHQWRVHQVLEOHHQWUHXQLYHUVDO\SDUWL
JXODULGDGSHUVRQDOVLQRTXHORVWHVWLPRQLRVSURPXHYHQ FXODUHVVHUtDDVtXQWUDEDMRSROtWLFRGHSHUFHSFLyQ\DU
ODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHXQVXMHWRSOXUDO(QHVWHVHQWLGRVH PDGRGHXQDQXHYDHVFHQDGRQGHWHQJDQOXJDUSURFHVRV
KDGLFKRTXHWRGRVORVWHVWLPRQLRVVHGXFHQUHWyULFDPHQ LJXDOLWDULRV\HPDQFLSDWRULRV6LJXLHQGRHOHMHPSORDQWH
WHSRUTXHVXVHVWUDWHJLDVWH[WXDOHVVHPXHYHQHQWUHOD ULRUVHSXHGHDUPDUTXHODFDSDFLGDGSDUDDSUHQGHUHQ
LGHQWLFDFLyQ\ODGLVWDQFLD\HVWiQGHGLFDGDVDSURPRYHU ODHVFXHODSXHGHGDUVHHQHVWXGLDQWHVGHWRGRVORVVHF
QXHVWUDVDQVLDVGHVDEHUPiV 6RPPHU    WRUHVVRFLDOHV\SXHGHYHUVHHQHVFHQDVGRQGHODDXWR
3DUD9LFK\=DEDOD/DYLGDHVFDSD]GHQDUUDWLYL]DUVHGH ULGDG SHGDJyJLFD GHVSOLHJD PLUDGDV LJXDOLWDULDV FRPR
P~OWLSOHVIRUPDVSXHVHQEXHQDFXHQWDWRGRGHSHQGHGH SXQWRGHSDUWLGD6LHVWDLJXDOGDGFRPRSULQFLSLRVHDF
SRUORPHQRVWUHVGHFLVLRQHVODVHOHFFLyQGHORVKHFKRV WXDOL]DFDGDYH]VLQJXODUPHQWHHVSRVLEOHTXHODFDSD
DVHUQDUUDGRVODIRUPDHQTXHVHHVWDEOHFHQODVUHODFLR FLGDGGHDSUHQGHUVHJHQHUHSDUDWRGRVDV 5DQFLqUH
QHVHQWUHHOORV\HOVHQWLGRSROtWLFRODWUDPDTXHVHDV *UHFR
SLUHDFRQVHJXLUFRQHOORV  (OWHVWLPRQLRSRUWDQWRHV 6HJXQGRUDVJRHOWUDEDMRFRQHVFHQDV
V R Z O \ \ U T _ O U R

VLHPSUHXQWH[WRFRPSDUWLGRHQWUHHOWHVWLPRQLDQWH\VX
H 6 7 7 b
S \ W O R P U Q O P V ] S W O Q N U P N P ^ O ` O Q Z S P R N Z U \ N Y V a N W S P

HGLWRUXQWH[WRFRQGRVDXWRUHVFX\DSURGXFFLyQHVHO GRQGHFDGDSUREOHPDWLHQHVXUD]yQFRQVHQVXDGD3RU
UHVXOWDGRGHXQWUDEDMRHQWUHDPERV   HMHPSORHVKDELWXDODGMXGLFDUDODSREUH]DODFDXVDGH
$VtXQDHVFHQDLQVWLWXFLRQDOQDUUDGDHOWHVWLPRQLRTXHVH P~OWLSOHV GLILFXOWDGHV GH DSUHQGL]DMH R SUREOHPDV GH
KDJDGHHOODHVXQWH[WRVREUHHOORVRWURVSHURWDPELpQ DGDSWDFLyQDOGLVSRVLWLYRHVFRODUHTXLSDUDGRVDSUREOH
XQDHVSHFLHGHGLVSRVLWLYRTXHLQWHQWDDUWLFXODUXQDUH PDVGHDSUHQGL]DMHGHORVVXMHWRVPLVPRV/DVHVFHQDV
H[LyQVREUHHOQRVRWURV(QHOWHVWLPRQLRHVHQRVRWURV SURYHHQPDWHULDOLGDGKHFKRVVLWXDFLRQHVGRQGHVHKDFH
VHKDFHYLVLEOH\GHDKtODIXHU]DSROtWLFDGHVXSURSXHVWD SRVLEOHOHHURWUDFRVDVHJ~QHOPDUFRUHIHUHQFLDOTXHVH
3RUHOORKD\TXHHQWHQGHUORFRPRXQDSUiFWLFDGHVWLQDGD DVXPD OHHU OR TXH FRQWUDGLFH OD QDWXUDOL]DFLyQ $Vt OD
QRVRODPHQWHDODLGHQWLFDFLyQVLQRWDPELpQDOGLiORJR OHFWXUDGHHVFHQDVGHVSOD]DVHQWLGRVRSHUDVHSDUDQGR

DE LA PGINA 167 A LA 171 169


EXPLORACIONES EN PSICOLOGA EDUCACIONAL: ESCENAS Y CONFIGURACIONES DE LA AUTORIDAD EN CONTEXTOS DE ENSEANZA Y APRENDIZAJE
EXPLORATIONS IN EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY: SCENES AND AUTHORITYS CONFIGURATIONS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING CONTEXTS
Greco, M. Beatriz

OR TXH YD KDELWXDOPHQWH XQLGR \ UH~QH OR TXH DSDUHFH WRGHSDUWLGDTXHVHDFWXDOL]yHQHVWXGLDQWHVTXHGHVFRQ
QDWXUDOPHQWHVHSDUDGR'HHVWHPRGRODVFDSDFLGDGHV\ DEDQ GH VXV SURSLDV FDSDFLGDGHV (V pVWH XQ WUDEDMR
GLVSRVLFLRQHV LQFLSLHQWHVRQR SXHVWDVHQMXHJRSRUXQ SROtWLFRTXHRSHUDSRUODDOWHUDFLyQGHORUGHQKDELWXDOPHQ
VXSXHVWRPDODOXPQRDODKRUDGHDSUHQGHURGHUHODFLR WHLQVWDODGRHQODVHVFHQDVHVFRODUHVSURIHVRUHVDVHQ
QDUVHFRQRWURVHQODHVFXHODSXHGHQVHUYLVWDVFRPR VHxDQGRRWUDQVPLWLHQGRXQVHQWLGRGHXQWH[WROLWHUDULR
WDOHVFRPRFDSDFLGDGHV\QRPHUDPHQWHFRPRLQWHQWRV QROH\HQGRDODSDUSRUTXHVHVXSRQHTXHHOORV\DVDEHQ
IDOOLGRV/DHVFHQDSHUPLWHVLVHUHDOL]DQOHFWXUDVQRHWL GHDQWHPDQR\DORKDQOHtGR\\DFRQRFHQHVHVHQWLGR
TXHWDGRUDVGHORVVXMHWRVVLQRUHODFLRQDOHVVLWXDFLRQDOHV /D DOWHUDFLyQ FRQVLVWH HQ UHFRQJXUDU UHFRPSRQHU OD
YHU FDSDFLGDGHV HQ OXJDU GH LQFDSDFLGDGHV HVFXFKDU HVFHQDDVXPLHQGRSRVLFLRQHVGLIHUHQWHVDODVHVFRODUHV
SDODEUDVHQOXJDUGHUXLGRDGYHUWLUHVWUDWHJLDVGLIHUHQ FOiVLFDV$VtODHVFHQDPXHVWUDTXHODSURGXFFLyQGHXQ
WHVGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDFRPRWUDEDMRVXEMHWLYRHQOXJDUGH VHQVLEOHGLIHUHQWHSURIHVRUHVDV\HVWXGLDQWHVOH\HQGRD
GpFLWVRDOHMDPLHQWRGHODQRUPDHVSHUDEOH OD SDU FUHD XQ PXQGR GHQWUR GH RWUR PXQGR HO GH OD
7HUFHUUDVJRHOWUDEDMRFRQHVFHQDVGHVSOLHJDXQ LJXDOGDGGHQWURGHOGHODGHVLJXDOGDG
_ O R c

&XDUWRUDVJRDQGHUHWRPDUHOSXQWRDQWHULRU
P N T V O R Z S P V R O d _ Y V Q N Q V S R O P e f U O g O R O \ N R U O ] S P P V g c Y N Q \ O N c

QLFDGRVURPSHXQDFDGHQDH[SOLFDWLYDGRQGHVXSXHV HVSRVLEOHDGYHUWLU
Q V i R W O U R T U R W S W O R Z \ S W O S Z \ S

WDPHQWH\DVHVDEHHOVHQWLGRGHORTXHDOOtDFRQWHFH\D TXHHOPXQGRGHODLJXDOGDGWHQVLRQDHOVHQWLGRKDELWXDO
VHKDH[SORUDGRDQWHVFRQRFLHQGRVXGHVWLQR\SURQyVWL PHQWH GHVLJXDOLWDULR SRQLpQGROR HQ GXGD (Q QXHVWUR
FRDVtFRPRHOGHVXVVXMHWRVLPSOLFDGRV'LFH5DQFLqUH HMHPSORWRGRLQGLFDUtDTXHHQODHVFXHODQRFWXUQDGRQGH
([SOLFDUTXLHUHGHFLUHQHIHFWRGRVFRVDVPX\GLVWLQWDV VHGHVDUUROOyHOSUR\HFWRORVDVSURIHVRUHV\ORVDVHVWX
3XHGHVHUSURSRUFLRQDUHOVHQWLGRGHXQDHVFHQDODUD]yQ GLDQWHVQRSXHGHQOHHUDODSDU8QRVDVVDEHQ\RWURV
GHXQDDFWLWXGRGHXQDH[SUHVLyQ3HURSXHGHVHUWDP DVQRXQRVDVFRQRFHQHOVHQWLGR\RWURVDVQRXQRVDV
ELpQ VHJ~Q OD HWLPRORJtD GH OD SDODEUD GHMDU TXH VH VRQSURIHVRUHVDV\RWURVDVDOXPQRVDVORVSULPHURVHQ
GHVSOLHJXHODSOHQLWXGSOHJDGDHQVXVLPSOHSUHVHQFLD SRVLFLyQGHVXSHULRULGDGVREUHORVVHJXQGRV PiVD~Q
&RUWDQGRHOKLORGHWRGDUD]yQVHGHMDODHVFHQDODDFWL WUDWiQGRVHGHMyYHQHVTXHYDQDODQRFWXUQDWUDEDMDGR
WXGHOURVWURDOPXWLVPRTXHOHVFRQHUHXQGREOHSRGHU UHVFRQHVFDVRVUHFXUVRVHFRQyPLFRVPDGUHVRSDGUHV
GHWHQHUODPLUDGDHQHVDHYLGHQFLDGHH[LVWHQFLDOLJDGDD FRQHVFDVRWLHPSRSDUDHOHVWXGLRFRQHVFDVRFDSLWDO
ODDXVHQFLDPLVPDGHUD]yQGHVSOHJDUGLFKDHYLGHQFLD FXOWXUDOHWF (QHOPXQGRKDELWXDOGHODQRFWXUQDVH
FRPRYLUWXDOLGDGGHRWURPXQGRSRVLEOH   FUHDRWURPXQGRLJXDOLWDULRLQpGLWRLQFLHUWRTXHWHQGUi
&XDQGRODVHVFHQDVFRPRXQLGDGHVGHDQiOLVLVGHODLQ HIHFWRVWDOYH]LQVRVSHFKDGRV8QDDXWRULGDGHPDQFLSD
YHVWLJDFLyQ VRQ DSUHKHQGLGDV HQ HVWH VHQWLGR HQ VX WRULDVHKDFHFDUJRGHFUHDUOR
SOHQLWXGGHVHQWLGRVSHUPLWHQYHUORQRHYLGHQWH\DEDQ )LQDOPHQWH HVWRV UDVJRV GHOLQHDGRV UHDUPDQ TXH HO
GRQDUODFRQVWDWDFLyQDOLQQLWRGHORTXH\DVHVDEH(Q WUDEDMRFRQHVFHQDV\VXLQGDJDFLyQSXHGHVHUWUDEDMR
JHQHUDOORTXH\DVHVDEHHVTXHODGHVLJXDOGDGVRFLDO SROtWLFRHQWDQWRVHQLHJDDODGLVRFLDFLyQHQWUHSHQVD
LPSLGHHOGHVSOLHJXHGHFDSDFLGDGHVHQWpUPLQRVHGXFD PLHQWR\DFFLyQFRQFHSWR\SUiFWLFDDEVWUDFFLyQ\PDWH
WLYRV \ HVFRODUHV (O RWUR PXQGR SRVLEOH GHO TXH KDEOD ULDOLGDG\SRUORWDQWRDODGLYLVLyQHQWUHVHUHVGHVWLQDGRV
5DQFLqUH QR HV PiV TXH pVH GRQGH WRGRVDV SXHGHQ DOSHQVDPLHQWR\RWURVGHVWLQDGRVDODDFFLyQRHMHFXFLyQ
DSUHQGHU\GRQGHHVSRVLEOHYHULFDUORDFWXDOL]DUOREDMR GHORTXHVHSLHQVDHQRWUROXJDU SRUHMHPSORODXQLYHU
IRUPDVTXHODDXWRULGDGHPDQFLSDWRULDWRPDODUHVSRQVD VLGDG /RSROtWLFRSRQHHQFXHVWLyQODGLYLVLyQGHWDUHDV
ELOLGDGGHJHQHUDU KDELWXDO\ODVVXSXHVWDVQDWXUDOH]DVGHVWLQDGDVDFLHUWDV
&XDUWRUDVJRODVHVFHQDVPXHVWUDQTXH WDUHDV\QRRWUDV&XDQGRVHGHVPLHQWHODLPSRVLELOLGDG
Y S P O R P V h Y O O P

TXHHOPXQGRTXHYHPRV\SHUFLELPRV SRUHMHPSORGHXQDSURIHVRUDGHSHQVDUVXSURSLDSUiF
U R N _ \ S W U Q Q V i R

HVXQDFRQVWUXFFLyQSRVLEOHHQWUHRWUDV\TXHYDULDQGRODV WLFDHLQYHVWLJDUVREUHHOOD\pVWHDHQFXHQWUDWLHPSRVQR
SRVLFLRQHVHQODVHVFHQDVORSHUFLELGRSXHGHVHUGHRWUR VyORSDUDGHVDUUROODUVXVFODVHVVLQRWDPELpQSDUDWRPDU
PRGR \ ODV FDSDFLGDGHV GHVSOHJDGDV \ DVXPLGDV SRU GLVWDQFLD GH HOODV \ DQDOL]DUODV DQDOL]iQGRVH HQ XQD
FXDOTXLHUD(VWRSXHGHSHQVDUVHHVSHFtFDPHQWHHQOR YXHOWDVREUHVtHVWDPRVIUHQWHDXQWUDEDMRSROtWLFRHQHO
TXH DWDxH D OD UHODFLyQ SHGDJyJLFD \ D ORV OXJDUHV GH FXDO ORV SVLFyORJRVDV HGXFDFLRQDOHV LQYHVWLJDGRUHV R
DXWRULGDG /DV HVFHQDV LJXDOLWDULDV GH HQVHxDQ]D \ LQWHUYLQLHQWHVWLHQHQ\WRPDQSDUWH
DSUHQGL]DMHGDQSDUWHDWRGRV\FDGDXQRHQVXE~VTXHGD
\WUDEDMRSRUDSURSLDUVHGHORVSURFHVRVGHDSUHQGL]DMH &RQJXUDFLRQHV HPDQFLSDWRULDV OD DXWRULGDG HQ
(VDVtFRPRSRUHMHPSORHQHOSUR\HFWR$UFpQ 3UR\HFWR
O P Q O R N j

GHIRUWDOHFLPLHQWRLQVWLWXFLRQDOGHVDUUROODGRHQOD(VFXHOD (OWUDEDMRFRQHVFHQDVHQXQVHQWLGRHVWpWLFR\SROtWLFR
GHOD5LEHUDGHOD&LXGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHV ORVDVSURIH HQWpUPLQRVUDQFHULDQRVKDSHUPLWLGRLQGDJDU\GDUDYHU
VRUHVDVKDELOLWDURQXQHVSDFLRGHOHFWXUDGHWH[WRVHQ QXHYRVPRGRV\SRVLELOLGDGHVSDUDXQDDXWRULGDGSHGD
FRQMXQWRFRQVXVDOXPQRVDV/DH[SHULHQFLDGHGRFHQWHV JyJLFDTXHDVXYH]EXVFDJHQHUDUVXVHVFHQDVHQOD
OH\HQGRDODSDUGHHVWXGLDQWHV\OXHJRFRPSDUWLHQGRORV HGXFDFLyQFRQWHPSRUiQHD'HVGHHOFDPSRGHODSVLFR
P~OWLSOHV VHQWLGRV DELHUWRV SRU OD OHFWXUD JHQHUy XQD ORJtDHGXFDFLRQDOpVWDVDVXPHQXQDLPSRUWDQFLDP~OWLSOH
DSURSLDFLyQGLIHUHQWHSRUSDUWHGHORVHVWXGLDQWHVGHORV SRU VX VHQWLGR SROtWLFR GH WUDQVIRUPDFLyQ VRFLDO \ GH
WH[WRV\GHVXFDSDFLGDGSDUDOHHUORVHLQWHUSUHWDUORV/D DFRPSDxDPLHQWRDRWURVDFWRUHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHVTXHDVX
OHFWXUDGHVMHUDUTXL]DGDJHQHUyXQDLJXDOGDGFRPRSXQ YH]GHVHPSHxDQXQHMHUFLFLRGHDXWRULGDGTXHVHUHFRQ

170 DE LA PGINA 167 A LA 171


FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGA - UBA / SECRETARA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX

JXUDHQFRQWH[WRVHVFRODUHV
k l m l k l n o p q r s p s t p u v k w m p o q r

/DVDFWXDOHVFRQGLFLRQHVGHpSRFDKDELOLWDQDSHQVDUTXH %DTXHUR5  /RVVDEHUHVVREUHODHVFXHOD$FHUFDGHORV


ODDXWRULGDGSHGDJyJLFDVHIXQGDHQHVSDFLRVLQVWLWXFLRQD OtPLWHVGHODSURGXFFLyQGHVDEHUHVVREUHORHVFRODU(Q5
OHVTXHQRVRQVXFLHQWHVSDUDVXVRVWHQLPLHQWR\GHVSOLH %DTXHUR*'LNHU\*)ULJHULR &RPSV  x y z { | } ~ y z  | z

JXH/DSUHJXQWDSRUODSpUGLGDGHVHQWLGRRODHFDFLD  SS %XHQRV$LUHV'HOHVWDQWH


| y }

VLPEyOLFDGHODLQVWLWXFLyQHVFXHODHQODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHV *UHFR0%  /DDXWRULGDG SHGDJyJLFD HQFXHVWLyQ8QD


WLQRVFRPXQHVLQYLWDDODSVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDODH[DPL FUtWLFDDOFRQFHSWRGHDXWRULGDGHQWLHPSRVGHWUDQVIRUPDFLyQ
5RVDULR+RPR6DSLHQV
QDUORVWHUULWRULRVGRQGHODUHODFLyQSHGDJyJLFD\ODDXWRUL
GDGVHLQYHQWDQ\UHLQYHQWDQEDMRRWURVSDUiPHWURV(VDOOt *UHFR0%  3HQVDU\DFWXDUHQHGXFDFLyQXQDSVLFROR

(Q3UHPLR)DFXOWDGGH3VLFRORJtD8%$ SS

GRQGHODVHVFHQDVHVFRODUHV\VXLQGDJDFLyQODVFRQVWH
y { } y  z

 %XHQRV$LUHV8%$
ODFLRQHVGHSRVLFLRQHVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHV\ODVFRQJXUDFLR
*UHFR0%  (PDQFLSDFLyQHGXFDFLyQ\DXWRULGDG

QHVHGXFDWLYDVHVFRODUHVUHTXLHUHQVHUHVWXGLDGDV3HUR
}

WLFDVGHIRUPDFLyQ\WUDQVPLVLyQGHPRFUiWLFDV%XHQRV$LUHV
SDUDHOORODSVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDOQRSXHGHHOXGLUXQD 1RYHGXF
UHYLVLyQGHVtPLVPDPHGLDQWHODE~VTXHGDLQWHUGLVFLSOLQD 5DQFLqUH-  

ULDH[SORUDQGRIXHUDGHVt *UHFR HQVDEHUHVGH


~ y z } | | } y | | z z | }

ODHPDQFLSDFLyQLQWHOHFWXDO%DUFHORQD/DHUWHV
ODORVRItD\GHODSROtWLFDTXHSURPXHYHQRWUDVPLUDGDV 5DQFLqUH-  

%XHQRV$LUHV(WHUQD
SUREDEOHPHQWHDELHUWDVDORTXHQROHHVSURSLR
} y z  y z | } y

&DGHQFLD
/DORVRItDGHODHPDQFLSDFLyQHOGLiORJRFRQ-DFTXHV 6RPPHU'  6LQVHFUHWRV

5DQFLqUH \ VXV SRVWXODGRV \ PpWRGRV LJXDOLWDULRV KD


z y  } y x } y } y x y



FRQGXFLGRODUHH[LyQKDFLDODVHVFHQDVFRPRHVSDFLRV
| y ~ } y y

9LFK9=DEDOD9  

GHDQiOLVLVWHUULWRULRVTXHRIUHFHQVLJQRVUHFRUWHVVHQVL
} y  y  |  } } } y ~ y z ~ |

GROyJLFDV%XHQRV$LUHV1RUPD
EOHV\SHQVDEOHVPRYLPLHQWRVGHORTXHD~QHVWiFRQ
JXUiQGRVHFRPRREMHWRVGHODSVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDO
)HFKDGHUHFHSFLyQGHPD\RGH
/DDXWRULGDGHPDQFLSDWRULDFRPRVHKDGDGRHQOODPDU
HQRWURVWUDEDMRV *UHFR HVTXLHQDVXPHODSXHVWD )HFKDGHDFHSWDFLyQGHRFWXEUHGH
HQPDUFKDRODSXHVWDHQHVFHQDGHORVUDVJRVGHOLQHDGRV
HQHOSXQWRDQWHULRUXQDQXGDPLHQWRLQpGLWRHQWUHXQLYHU
VDO\SDUWLFXODUHVODLQWHUUXSFLyQGHXQRUGHQVXFHVLYRGH
FDXVDV\HIHFWRVQDWXUDOL]DGRVODSURGXFFLyQGHQXHYRV
VLJQLFDGRV \ GH OR VHQVLEOH HQ XQ VHQWLGR LJXDOLWDULR
FUHDQGRXQPXQGRGHQWURGHRWURPXQGR(VWDIRUPXOD
FLyQSHUPLWHKDFHUWUDEDMDUDODSVLFRORJtDHGXFDFLRQDO
HQWRUQRDXQDDXWRULGDGTXHVLQDEDQGRQDUODDVLPHWUtD
TXHODFDUDFWHUL]DFRPRWDOODFRORFDHQLJXDOGDGVRVWH
QLHQGRFRQUPH]DODLJXDOGDGFRPRSULQFLSLR

DE LA PGINA 167 A LA 171 171

You might also like