You are on page 1of 1

APAO III (kalau tidak salah)

1. Supernova. A galaxy has an apparent magnitude of 21m.04. A supernova appears in it. After the
explosion the total magnitude of the galaxy (now including the supernova) is 20 m.64. What is the
apparent magnitude of the supernova?

2. The Bear-Observer. There is a hypothetical observer who lives on the North Pole, for example,
Polar Bear, who has made appearance in the texts of the International Astronomy Olympiads. How
many days (day means 24h) during a year the Observer can see the Polaris by the naked eye (consider
the weather appropriate)? Draw a picture with the Bear-Observer.

3. ISS transit. The Calsky website (www.calsky.com) provides information on the transit of
International Space Station (ISS) over the Moon, as illustrated in Figure. Based on information
provided below, we can prepare for photographing this transit event. ISS information provided by
calsky:
Angular diameter =3D 34.9
Size =3D 73.0 m 44.5&= nbsp;m 27.5 m
Satellite at Azimuth =3D 118.4
ESE (East by South East) Altitude =3D 38.8
Distance =3D 531.1 km (in Earths shadow)
Angular velocity =3D 46.6'/s

If observation is made on the center line of the transit band by using 200 mm aperture, 2000 mm focal
length telescope together with a digital single lens reflection camera, please answer the following
questions:

3.1. If the size of the digital cameras CCD is 22.5 mm by 15.0 mm, with an effective pixel of
8.2 million, can we take the whole lunar disc within one photograph frame? And why it is so?
(Explain by using numerical values.)

3.2. Suppose the camera has the capability of sequential exposure speed of 5 frames per second,
considering the proper exposure time for each frame taken (see pp. 3.3. and 3.4.), what is the
maximum number of photographs that we can take of ISS transit over the Moon?

3.3. Because of the fast speed the ISS moves over the Moon, we must consider its dragging effect on
our photograph. If we use the exposure time of 1/2500 show many pixels is the ISS likely to drag over
in the photograph?<= /span>

3.4. Suppose the telescope is operating without any tracing setup, and we are using a 1/1000 s
exposure time. Would this likely cause a problem for our observation? And Why? (Explain by using
numerical values.)

4. White dwarf. A star (white dwarf) with a mass of half solar mass, and with a surface temperature
twice of that of the Sun, has absolute stellar magnitude 12m (Our Sun is, we should remind you,=
4m.7). Estimate the density of the white dwarf.

5. Closer to stars. By climbing on the Earth from the sea level to a mountain of 1 kilometer altitude,
an astronomer becomes closer to stars. Find the change in stellar magnitude for a star with the visible
magnitude 2m, which is in Zenith at a distance 10 pc from the Earth, for this astronomer (or, to say
more correct, for his extremely precise photometer) due to his climbing.<= /p>

6. Inflation of Gravity. Suppose that tomorrow the value of the gravitational constant ( G ) in our
part of Galaxy decrease with 5% (G1 =0.95 G0). What will be the new shape of the Earth orbit? Find
the parameters of the new orbit (major semiaxis, eccentricity and sidereal period) after this tragic
event. Assume the actual orbit of the Earth being circular (zero eccentricity).

You might also like