‘SEISMIC DESIGN OF LIQUID-CONTAINING CONCRETE STRUCTURES 350.3-25 COMMENTARY UNITG, AT HEIGHT: = Gv) (53-1) Pg/" RESULTANT FORCE AT HEIGHT (REA) Fy = RESULTANT FORCE AT HEIGHT: = B'A py UNIT yy=p—(RB3) TOTALLATERAL FORCE CLF. = fh" TUF Py, FROM Ea, ta) HYDROSTATIC PRESSURES, ayy WALL INERTIA UNIT FORCE, Pyy fy = RESULTANT FORCE AT HEIGHT y “(R5:.1) RESULTANT FORCE AT HEIGHT y \ ey ce UNTP gyn ey (R53 TF Py FROM Eq. (4-3) ° TLE Pe FROM Eat) IMPULSIVE PRESSURES, p,, CONVECTIVE PRESSURES, py Fig, R5.3.1(0) Distribution of hydrostatic and Bydoelynaniic pressures and inertia forces on the \wall of a rectangular liquid containing structure (adapted from Haroun [1984)). (Far ciresilar tanks, the vertical distribution of the impulsive and comective forces is identical to that shown above for rectangular tis, while the horizontal distribution varies along the lank circumference ‘as shown in Fig, RS.2.1)360.3-26 STANDARD. 5.3.3-—Cireular tanks The cylindrical walls of circula tanks shall be loaded by the wall’s own Inevlla force distributed uniformly around the entire circumference; one-half the impulsive force Pr applied symmetrically about 6 © degrees and acing ‘oulward on one half of the walls circumference, and one- half P, symmetrically about 0 = 180 degrees and acting inward on the opposite half of the walls circumference; ‘one-half the convective forca P, acting on one-half of the ‘wall's circumference symmetrically about 0 = 0 degrees and one-haif P, symmetrically about 0 = 180 degrees and acting inward on the opposite half of the wall's circumference; and the dynamic earth and groundwater pressure against the trailing half of the buried portion of the wall Superimposed on these lateral unbalanced forces shall be the axisymmetric lateral hydrodynamic force asulling from the hydrodynamic pressure Pyy acting on the tank wall ACI STANDARDICOMMENTARY COMMENTARY RS3.3—Circular tanks The vertical distribution, per foot of wall height, of the dynamic forces acting on one half of the wall assumed as shown below and in Fig, R5.3.3 and F R52.) opt lorcet sticks wal Fs ape wall msi amie) Fig. R5.3.3—Vertical force distribution: cireular tanks. ‘The horizontal distribution of the dynamic pressure across the lank diameter D may be assumed as follows Pa ; 16, pet J fy = S2ete0s0 2, / Py, = saiteos0 Pay yay‘SEISMIC DESIGN OF LIQUID-CONTAINING CONCRETE STRUCTURES 380.3-27 CHAPTER 6—STRESSES STANDARD 6.1—Rectangular tanks ‘The varlicat and horizontal bending stresses and shear siresses in the wall and al the wall base due to lateral earthquake forces shall be computed on the basis of slab action (Sections 5.2 and 5.3) using pressure distribution consistent with the provisions of Section 6.3.1 6.2—Circular tanks ‘The vertical bending stresses and shear stresses in {he wall and al the wail base due to lateral earthquake forces shall bo computed on the basis of shell action using an acceptable pressure distribution. Hydrodynamic membrane (hoop) forces in the cylindrical ‘wall corresponding lo any. liquid level y above the lank base shall be determined by = dey Nay) NB; By (61) and hoop stress, (62) N, lo, = FE inthe Si system} whore ty = wall thickness al the level being investigated (liquid level y). COMMENTARY R6—General In caloulating the vertical bending moments in the walls of rectangular ad circular tanks, the boundary conditions at the wall-4o-base and wall-to-roof joints should be properly accounted for, Tyni wake force: ations iy walls of rectangular and circular tanks are presented in 5.3.1 and RS.3-3, spectively. R6.2—Cirenlar tanks For ffee-base cireular tanks (Type 2.3), the terms in Bq. (6-1) ace defined as npenge= 2 or 10-0 where Ory = day For fixed or hinged-base éircutar tanks (Types 2.1 and 2.2), the terms in Eq, (6-1) should be modified to account for the effects of base restraint, Similarly, the terms in Eq, (6-t) should be modified to account forthe restraint of rigid wall- totoot joints.